to God and man so that a conformity thereunto is righteousnesse §. 2. Of the kinds of Righteousnesse Obiect THis is such a peece of armour as none in this life can attaine vnto but Christ Iesus the true naturall Sonne of God who by an excellency and propriety is called That iust one Of him it is properly said That hee put on righteousnesse as a brest plate Indeed at first God made man righteous and in Heauen the Saints shall bee all iust and perfect but on earth there is none righteous no not one Answer There is a double righteousnesse mentioned in the Scripture one legall framed according to the exact rule and strict rigour of the Law The other Eâ—angelicall accepted according to the gracious fauour and limitation of the Gospell The Law requireth two things First an absolute perfection in euery part point and degree thereof Secondly this perfection in that very party who is iustified thereby For Moses thus describeth the righteousnesse which is of the Law that the man euen the man himselfe in and by himselfe which doth those things euen all those things which are written in the Law according to the vttermost extent of them shall liue thereby but cursed is euery man that continueth not in all things c. By the Gospell both those are limited and the rigour of them mitigated For there are two parts of Euangelicall righteousnesse one of Faith the other of a good conscience The righteousnesse of faith is Christ himselfe with his righteousnes imputed to vs and by faith receiued of vs in which respect Christ is said to be the end of the Law for righteousnesse to euery one that beleeueth The end of the Law is to iustifie and saue those which fulfill it Now we by reason of the flesh dwelling in vs cannot fulfill it Christ therefore subiected himselfe thereto he perfectly fulfilled it To them which beleeue his perfect righteousnesse is imputed so as they are iustified and saued thereby Thus is Christ the end of the Law and that which by the Law was exacted of our owne persons by the Gospell is accepted for vs in Christ who performed it This Righteousnesse of Faith is comprised vnder the fourth peece of Spirituall Armour verse 16. Here therefore is especially ment the righteousnes of a good conscience §. 3. Of that Righteousnesse which is here meant THis Righteousnesse is a powerfull worke of Gods Spirit in the regenerate whereby they endeauour to approue themselues vnto God and man by performing what Gods Law requireth to be performed vnto both I terme it First A worke of Gods Spirit because it is the Spirit which quickeneth and enableth vs to doe what we doe 2 Powerfull because we are by nature Dead in sins and not able of our selues so much as to think a good thoght 3 In the regenerate for that onely which is borne of the Spirit is spirit 4 Indeauour for this being true and earnest with the very vttermost of our power is the greatest perfection which in this World we can attaine vnto 5 To approue to God and man because duties are required towards both 6 What Gods Law requireth because that sheweth what God doth approue and what man should approue This was that righteousnesse for which Zacâ—ary and Elizabeth were commended This consisteth of two branches First to abstaine from euill Secondly to doe good Dauid describing a righteous man saith Surely he doth none iniquity but walketh in the way of God Oft doth the Scripture ioine those two together as two essentiall parts of righteousnesse except these two doe concurre the brest-plate is not sound §. 4. Of resembling Righteousnesse to a brest-plate Point 2 THe second point is concerning the fit resemblance of Righteousnesse to a brest-plate The originall word translated brest-plate properly signifieth that part of the body wherein the vitall parts as the heart lungs liuer and the like doe lie the whole vpper part of a mans body before euen from the necke to the thighes is comprised vnder this title Hence is it that that peece of armour which couereth this part of the body hath the same name The vse of this peece is to keepe safe the vitall parts and preserue a man from being mortally wounded or killed downe-right Thus doth righteousnesse keepe the Christian souldier safe and sure that the Diuell with all his assaults cannot pierce his soule and so vtterly destroy him A Lyon which is strong among beasts Prou. 30. 30. may be taken and destroied 1 Sam. 17. 3. 6. but so cannot the righteous This vse of righteousnesse will yet more euidently appeare if wee consider what it is that doth indeed mortally wound the soule and drawâ—forth the vitall blood and very life of it It is sin and nothing but sin that can destroy the soule By it did Satan first wound and kil our first Parents By it hath he from time to time preuailed in the World For sinne first prouoked Gods wrath procured the curse of the Law brought death and all the concomitances thereof The very sting of death is sinne Sinne first kindled hell fire and still continueth to blow vp and inflame the same Where the brest-plate of righteousnesse is well put on there sinne hath no power Righteousnesse is as contrary to sinne as water to fire and it will soone quench the heate of sinne §. 5. Of putting on the brest-plate of Righteousnesse Point 3 THis brest-plate of Righteousnesse is put on by the right practice of true repentance which according to the proper notation and true meaning of the word is a change of the minde namely such a change as bringeth forth a reformed life This true alteration of the minde and heart first causeth a thorow detestation of our former wicked course together with an vtter abiuration and renouncing of the same and then an holy resolute purpose to leade another kind of life and insteed of former sinnes to practise contrary duties as if a man in former times haue beene profane to bee so much the more religious for the time to come if a blasphemer before more carefull to honour the Name of God if riotous so much the more sober c. These are fruits worthy of repentance So long as these two fruits of repentance First an vtter detestation of all former wickednesse Secondly a constant resolution and faithfull endeauour to performe new obedience remaine in our hearts the Diuell cannot easily if at all preuaile against vs. But if the minde bee not altered and a thorow change wrought therein though there should bee some meanes to restraine vs from sinne and prouoke vs to doe many good things yet would the Diuell soone get aduantage against vs. Sinne is deceitfull Satan is subtill and busie if therefore wee bee not altered in our hearts the meanes of restraint being
we must aske let vs see how wee must aske Wee haue heard before of many graces needfull for a right manner of prayer which I will not here repeate but onely shew how all things must be asked with subiection of our will vnto Gods will For this end respect must be had to Gods promises For euery acceptable prayer is made in faith Faith hath an eye to Gods promises and resteth thereon as God hath promised any thing so the faithfull aske it in Prayer Things absolutely promised they craue absolutely as Moses who would not let God alone till he had spared his people but desired to be raced out of Gods Booke rather then his people should be destroyed and why because God had made an absolute promise to bring them into Canaan which promise Moses pleadeth vnto God in his prayer Things not absolutely promised they pray for with subiection vnto Gods will and wisdome For there are many things which are good in their kinde yet so farre make more or lesse to Gods glory and mans good as it pleaseth God by his wise prouidence to dispose them For example God hath made an absolute promise of the perpetuall continuance of the Church but not of a continuall outward flourishing estate thereof for hee can turne the persecution of his Church to the encrease therof and so gaine honour to himselfe and bring good vnto his people thereby Thus for the time of accomplishing Gods promises sometimes a long date sometimes a short date may most make to his glory and for the meanes sometimes one kind of meanes sometimes another with other like circumstances In all these wee must in our Prayers either expresse or reserue in our minds some secret limitations as these If God see it to be good if his good pleasure be such if it may stand with his glory c. §. 32. Of the euils to be prayed against II FOr Deprecation or supplication we haue expresse warrant in the fifth and sixth Petitions of the Lords Prayer and also in the example of Christ Whâ— offered vp supplications with strong crying and teares and was also heard in that which he feared of Salomon who expresseth many particular branches hereof in the Prayer which he made at the dedication of the Temple and of other Saints in all ages yea likewise in the answer which God gaue to Salomons prayer and in the many promises which God hath made to deliuer vs from euill Here also wee are to consider the matter and manner What we are to pray against and how Euill to be prayed against is either of fault or of punishment §. 33. Of praying against sinne EVill of fault is sinne This is the first euill that euer was in the World the greatest of all euils a greater euill then the torment of hell and the cause of all euill of punishment for sinne when it is finished bringeth forth death In regard of this euill three things are to be prayed against 1. The guilt of sinne 2. The power of it 3. Temptations thereunto Against the first we pray in the fifth Petition against the second and third in the sixth Petition In regard of the first Dauid thus prayeth Wash me thorowly from mine iniquity and cleanse me from my sinne In regard of the second thus Let not presumptuous sinnes haue dominion ouer me In regard of the third Christ saith to his Disciples Pray that ye enter not into temptation The guilt of sinne maketh vs odious and abominable in Gods sight whose fauour causeth our happinesse The power of sinne maketh vs more and more to prouoke his wrath which is vnsupportable Temptations vnto sinne simply in themselues worke neither of those two mischiefes For Christ who was alwaies most amiable in Gods sight the Sonne of Gods loue in whom his soule delighted and who neuer proâ—oked Gods wrath for God was alwaies well pleased in him was oft tempted to sinne as by Satan himselfe in the Wildernesse by Scribes Pharises and other such enemies yea by Peter when he told him of his suffering but all his temptations could neuer make him sinne As a fire-brand thrust into the Sea is presently quenched so were all temptations cast against Christ Yet notwithstanding temptations to vs are very dangerous because of our pronenesse readinesse to yeeld vnto them We are by nature to temptations as tinder or rather as gunpowder is to fire As the least sparke of fire doth not onely soone kindle but also suddenly in flame gunpowder and sets it all on fire so euery little temptation soone fastneth on vs and inflameth vs suddenly with the fire of sinne Instance Dauid who at the sight of Bathsheba was inflamed with lust and Peter who at the word of a silly maide was soone brought to denie and forsweare his master If these in whom Gods renewing Spirit abode were by reason of the flesh so prone to be ouertaken by temptations how can such stand against them in whom the flesh reigneth and where is nothing to restraine them §. 34. Of the manner of praying against the guilt and power of sin and temptations thereto AGainst the guilt and power of sinne we must simply absolutely instantly pray and neuer cease till God heare vs. That we may with the greater indignation pray against them we must first narrowly and thorowly examine our selues and search what sinnes we haue committed and amongst our many sinnes obserue which are the most odious which the most dangerous what sinnes wee are most addicted vnto and what beare greatest sway in vs. Thus when we see what greeuous sinnes we are slaues vnto we shall with great vehemency as Dauid and with teares as Peter pray against them The reason why most so sildome so coldly and faintly pray against their sinnes is because they neuer examine themselues they see not how vile and wretched they are by reason of them Against temptations we are to pray especially that we be not giuen ouer vnto them and ouercome by them but that the Lord would either deliuer vs from the temptation or so assist vs therein that it turne not to our destruction but rather to our good §. 35. Of praying against punishments of sinne EVill of punishment is threefolde 1. Temporall 2. Spirituall 3. Eternall Temporall punishments are all outward iudgements miseries and plagues in this World these are in themselues effects of sinne from sinne they came first had man neuer transgressed none of these had euer beene inflicted vpon him In the day thou eatest of the tree forbidden thou shalt die the death saith God to man All temporall iudgements are fore runners of death and appurtenances thereof and so comprised vnder it These may be sanctified and made medicinable and so they are in and thorow Christs suffering to Gods children all outward afflictions are Gods physicke to the faithfull Absolutely therefore they
teach other doctrine auouching that if any do he is proud and mad and therefore biddeth auoid such yea he denounceth a fearefull curse against them which preach otherwise then the Apostles had done Besides this being without warrant of the Word how can it be performed in faith i if not in faith how can it be acceptable to God To say the least against Prayers for the dead they must needs be vaine and fruitlesse for Gods determinate iudgement passeth on euery one so soone as they die If they die in the Lord blessed are they if they die in their sinnes they are irrecouerably cursed as is implyed in the parable of Diues being in hell to whom Abraham being in heauen thus saith They which would go froÌ„ hence to you cannot neither can they come from thence to vs. Herein is the prouerbe verified Where the tree falleth there it lyeth for as life leaueth vs so iudgement findeth vs. Prayer therefore for the soules of the deceased is as physicke for the bodies of the dead §. 40. Of Purgatory AS for Purgatory which Papists make to be a middle place betweene heauen and hell where they say all such are as die not in mortall but in veniall sin and from whence by the Prayers of the liuing they may be released it is a meere fixion inuented of mans idle braine and maintained to increase Antichrists earthly treasures it is against the current of the Scripture which acknowledgeth but two sorts of people Children of the kingdome and children of the wicked faithfull and vnfaithfull and accordingly onely two places after this life heauen and hell The distinction likewise of mortall and veniall sinne as they vse it making some sinnes in their owne nature by reason of the smalnesse of them Veniall is against the Word which saith indefinitiuely of sinne excepting no sinne at all The wages of sinne is death Woe to them that after this life enter into any fire the Scripture no where mentioneth any temporary fire after this life but euerlasting and vnquenchable Obiect 1 The second petition compriseth the dead vnder it Answ That petition hath not any particular respect to any particular person departed so as it cannot iustifie any particular Prayers for a particular person deceased which is the question in controuersie Indeed that petition respecteth the whole body of Christ some of the members wherof are the Saints now dead but it followeth not thereupon that it is a Prayer for the dead for principally it respecteth the liuing and the dead onely by consequence Besides it implyeth no altering of the estate of the soules of the dead which is another point in question Obiect 2. Many prayed for their children and friends which were dead and had them restored to life Answ 1 This is nothing to the alteration of the estate of the soules which is the point in controuersie 2 Those were extraordinary examples done by extraordinary spirits and are no more exemplary then the Israelites passing through the red Sea or Moses Eliahs and Christs fasting forty dayes Vse This point is to be noted as against the erronious doctrine of Papists who maintaine Prayers for the dead â—o against their superstious practises who vse vpon Church-wals Church-windowes graue-stones and the â—ike to set this phrase Pray for the soule of A. B. and if any haue been bountiful to their Church they vse to offer vp Masses and to say dirige and to sing requiem for their soules from time to time All which to say the least are toyish and childish §. 41. Of vaine wishes for the dead NOt much vnlike is the practise of many ignorant and superstitious persons among vs who if mention be made of any of their friends departed vse presently to say God be with him the Lord be with his soule or God haue mercy on his soule with the like Marke the persons that most commonly vse these vaine wishes and you shall obserue them to be such ignorant and irreligious persons as neuer pray for their friends while they are aliue for if they knew how to pray aright for their friends they would not make such vnprofitable wishes for them Wherin note their preposterous course when true Prayer is warrantable acceptable honourable to God and may be profitable to him for whom it is made being commanded of God and agreeable to his will they impiously neglect it but when there is no warrant to make it no hope of doing any good by it they superstitiously vse it Obiect Marke their apology and ye shall find it as foolish as the thing it selfe is toyish For if any reprooue them for it presently they say what hurt is it Answ It is hurt enough that there is no good in it that it is vaine and idle Of euery idle word that men shalâ— speake they shall giue account at the day of iudgement Too many idle words passe from them who are most circumspect and watchfull ouer their words Is it not enough for men to let slip vnawares idle words but that they must also iustifie idle prayers All things must be donâ— in faith all to Gods glory all in loue Much more Prayeâ— which is the most excellent and heauenly action that can be performed But these wishes cannot be in faith because they haue no warrant nor to Gods glory because they are not agreeable to his will nor in loue because they can bring no profit Obiect 2. Were we not better say the Lord be with them then the Diuell take them Answ Is there not a meane betwixt extreames must ye needs be superstitious or impious seeing Gods determinate iudgement is passed vpon them and they are come to the place of their euerlasting abode why leaue ye not them to their own Master and pray for the liuing who may reape good by your prayers §. 42. Of not praying for such as sin against the Holy Ghost 2 COncerning those who sin against the Holy Ghost we haue an expresse inhibition not to pray for them and the reason rendred because it is a sin vnto death that is as Christ more plainly setteth it downe it shall not be forgiuen vnto men neither in this world nor in the world to come Their iudgment is as certain as if they were dead yea and by their sinne manifested to be certaine This sinne is very hardly discerned there is neede of more then any ordinary spirit to discouer it The ground of this sin is set and obstinate malice against Christ his truth made known vnto them by the spirit of reuelation The effect of it is an vniuersal apostasie an vtter renouncing of that truth and that with plaine blasphemy Now seeing no man can know what is the spirit and heart of another by an ordinary spirit who shall iudge a man to haue committed that sinne The Prophets and Apostles could discerne them as Paul discerned Alexander
the growth in sanctification is but a proceeding from one degree to another in the same kinde yea the very perfection of sanctification is but an attaining to the highest step degree of that which was begun before It is therfore a more powerfull worke to beget a sinner to God and to worke his first conuersion then after he is regenerate and conuerted to perfect that good worke which is begunne Whence it followeth that faithfull Saints haue more matter of reioycing for the grace they haue receiued then of mourning for the grace they want Obiect Wee want the possession of our heauenly inheritance Answ 1. The purchase of it is made for Christ by his bloud hath purchased it 2 Wee haue receiued the first fruites of it as peace of conscience ioy in the holy Ghost free entrance vnto the throne of grace and glory with confidence in Christ and the like 3 We are actually entred into the kingdom of grace which is a part of the kingdom of glory the first step thereinto and the portall as I may so say thereof no entring into the kingdom of glory but thorow the kingdom of grace 4 Wee haue the earnest of the spirit as a pledge and pawne till wee come to the full possession of the purchased inheritance 5 Christ our head hath full and actuall possession thereof whereupon wee being members of his body are in him exalted and set in heauenly places In these fine forenamed respects we may truely say that the faithfull in Christ haue more cause to glorifie God for that assurance they haue of inioying their heauenly inheritance then to murmure or mourne that for a time â—hey want the full possession of it Thus we see that in reâ—ard of spiritual blessings we haue more matter of praise â—or that wee haue then of petition for that wee want I might here further ranke among these spirituall blessings the liberty of the Lords Sabbaths of the Ministry of his word and administration of his Sacraments of the publike assemblies of Saints to worship God with the like which we among others plentifully inioy I migh also further declare how God hath already caused his whole wil to be reuealed and recorded in his word so far forth as is needful for our saluation expedient for vs to know all which do much amplifie the forenamed point But I hasten to set foorth a view also of some of those temporall blessings whereof we haue been and are made pertakers They are exceeding many as our Being Life Nourishment Education Health Strength Food Apparrell Goods Friends c. Gods blessing on all these and on the Church and state wherein we liue Whether-soeuer we turn our selues or cast our eies either vpwards to the heauens and the whole hoast of them or downeward on the earth and all the fruits thereof or vp and downe on all the creatures in the aire on the earth and in the waters on the right hand or on the left before or behinde euery where the blessings of God doe present themselues to our view and consideration By this which hath thus generally been spoken I doubt not but any of meane capacitie may obserue that none of the Saints doe want so many good things as they haue receiued Obiect Many of the Saints doe want euen necessaries to preserue this temporall life as Lazarus Answ 1. God seeth it to bee good for them to want such necessaries 2 Insteed of these outward necessaries they haue inward graces which are much more valuable profitable as insteed of of outward refreshing of the body they haue inward comfort of the soule insteed of outward ornaments of the body inward graces of the spirit wanting outward ease they haue sweet peace of conscience wanting plenty they haue contentment In a word God depriueth his children of no outward thing but he supplieth the want of it with some spirituall recompence their want therefore causeth matter of thanksgiuing As all the Saints haue receiued more good things then they want so also vndoubtedly are they freed from more euils then iustly they can feare to fall vpon them For beleeuing in Christ they are freed from the feare of hell from the curse of the Law from the wrath of God from the sting of death from the victory of the graue from the power of him that hath the power of death the diuel from the guilt and punishment of sinne from the rule and dominion of sinne and from infinitely more both spirituall and bodily euils Obiect Many Saints are subiect both to many spirituall euils as trouble of minde doubt of Gods fauour snares of the Diuell fallings into sinne with the like and also to many temporall distresses as paine sicknesse captiuity imprisonment ignominy penury c. Answ Those spirituall euils are as desperate physicke for the cure of some spirituall desperate disease as spirituall security pride presumption c. Now who will denie but that it is good in a desperate case to vse a desperate remedy If the remedy cause recouery he that vseth it shall be commended and rewarded But whensoeuer God suffereth any of his children to fall into any of the forenamed or other like spirituall euils hee worketh thereby a recouery from some more dangerous and desperate euill therefore the issue and effect euen of those euils affordeth matter of thanksgiuing As for temporall distresses I haue shewed before how they may be put on the score of Gods blessings To that which was before deliuered let me ad this that God doth alwaies so dispose of the estat of the Saints that he maketh the decaying of the outward man to be a renewing of the inner man In these respects it is a vertue propper to Christians to giue thankes to God for such things as seeme euill Besides God hath faithfully promised to supply in due time whatsoeuer his Saints want and to perfect euery thing that faileth in perfection withall to deliuer them from all euill Now then adde these promises which are also matter of thanksgiuing to the abundance of good things which already we haue receiued and to the manifold deliuerances which wee haue had from euils and it wil appeare as cleare as the light that of all duties belonging to faithfull Christians this of praise and thanksgiuing is most beseeming them and least of all to bee neglected It is the least that God deserueth the most that he requireth and the best that we can giue vnto him the best sacrifice in the kinde thereof which wee can offer vnto God and that which God doth best accept for note what God saith hereof He that offereth praise glorifieth me I might much further amplifie and inlarge these points But as Painters when they haue many millions and armies of men to set down in a small mappe vse onely to draw out some number of heads of men and set them together leauing the whole number of heads and all