it_o be_v not_o true_a valour_n at_o least_o it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o motive_n wherewith_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v animate_v that_o be_v the_o prefer_v the_o sense_n of_o true_a honour_n before_o our_o own_o life_n according_a to_o these_o principle_n though_o the_o say_v of_o agesilaus_n be_v excellent_a when_o to_o one_o who_o demand_v of_o he_o how_o he_o come_v to_o perform_v such_o great_a exploit_n he_o answer_v it_o be_v by_o despise_v death_n yet_o not_o to_o abuse_v this_o noble_a thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o add_v another_o say_v of_o cato_n the_o elder_a who_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o peril_n of_o war_n he_o make_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o those_o that_o love_n virtue_n and_o those_o who_o be_v weary_a of_o their_o life_n indeed_o it_o must_v be_v the_o love_n of_o virtue_n that_o animate_v valour_n and_o the_o principal_a wheel_n that_o put_v it_o into_o its_o due_a motion_n zeal_n for_o justice_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o pretence_n but_o the_o cause_n of_o war_n and_o a_o prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o have_v the_o same_o motive_n in_o prosecute_a his_o enemy_n by_o his_o arm_n as_o in_o arraign_v offender_n by_o his_o law_n for_o his_o enemy_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o convict_a criminal_n the_o declaration_n of_o war_n be_v their_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n and_o because_o this_o sentence_n can_v be_v so_o easy_o execute_v as_o the_o other_o he_o send_v his_o army_n to_o be_v his_o sheriff_n and_o executioner_n and_o the_o same_o effect_v which_o the_o punishment_n of_o a_o private_a criminal_a have_v on_o a_o nation_n the_o punishment_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v on_o the_o universe_n or_o as_o we_o may_v say_v in_o the_o great_a republic_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n v._n example_n against_o the_o strange_a error_n of_o those_o who_o believe_v the_o exact_a practice_n of_o justice_n to_o be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o valour_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o some_o man_n there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n who_o imagine_v that_o the_o exact_a practise_v of_o justice_n be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o valour_n if_o in_o the_o fix_a humour_n whereinto_o this_o fundamental_a error_n have_v cast_v their_o mind_n they_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v disabused_a by_o reason_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v cure_v by_o example_n marcus_n aurelius_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a among_o the_o emperor_n for_o virtue_n pure_o humane_a st._n lewis_n be_v the_o most_o renown_a among_o all_o king_n for_o christian_a piety_n they_o be_v both_o very_a valiant_a st._n lewis_n be_v the_o first_o that_o descend_v from_o shipboard_n into_o egypt_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o fight_v with_o incredible_a obstinacy_n in_o that_o fight_n where_o he_o lose_v his_o liberty_n and_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n he_o discover_v such_o a_o noble_a assurance_n of_o mind_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o barbarian_n be_v near_o death_n the_o admiration_n that_o they_o have_v for_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o generous_a captive_n put_v they_o upon_o deliberation_n whether_o they_o shall_v not_o choose_v he_o for_o their_o sovereign_n as_o for_o marcus_n aurelius_n he_o end_v his_o day_n in_o a_o expedition_n in_o almaigne_n he_o undergo_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n and_o a_o captain_n and_o have_v make_v great_a advances_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v surprise_v by_o death_n the_o example_n of_o this_o prince_n and_o that_o of_o his_o son_n do_v well_o demonstrate_v that_o justice_n be_v serviceable_a to_o valour_n instead_o of_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o it_o and_o that_o that_o courage_n which_o be_v not_o found_v in_o the_o love_n of_o virtue_n be_v obnoxious_a to_o great_a disorder_n commodus_n the_o son_n of_o aurelius_n have_v be_v careful_o educate_v by_o his_o father_n with_o all_o the_o exactness_n imaginable_a this_o education_n be_v in_o he_o join_v with_o a_o auspicious_a birth_n he_o have_v a_o vast_a genius_n he_o be_v strong_a dexterous_a and_o of_o a_o good_a mind_n and_o nothing_o be_v want_v to_o make_v he_o a_o great_a prince_n but_o his_o will_n to_o be_v so_o his_o father_n have_v no_o soon_o render_v up_o his_o life_n but_o he_o think_v of_o nothing_o more_o than_o return_v to_o rome_n though_o one_o may_v have_v well_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o rome_n be_v every_o where_o where_o the_o emperor_n be_v he_o abandon_v a_o assure_a victory_n and_o patch_v up_o a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o the_o alemaignes_n set_v forward_o for_o italy_n without_o be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o consider_v whether_o it_o will_v not_o beget_v ill_a impression_n of_o his_o conduct_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n we_o come_v now_o from_o see_v a_o old_a emperor_n who_o have_v rather_o die_v under_o his_o military_a labour_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o honour_n than_o quit_v the_o design_n he_o have_v form_v and_o we_o see_v after_o he_o a_o young_a prince_n full_a of_o vigour_n who_o to_o wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o fatigue_n of_o war_n eschew_v a_o enterprise_n to_o which_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o honour_n shall_v have_v engage_v he_o instead_o of_o embrace_v a_o lawful_a occasion_n for_o the_o acquest_n of_o glory_n he_o rather_o choose_v to_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o equipage_n of_o a_o gladiator_n and_o by_o throw_v of_o dart_n to_o kill_v panther_n or_o lion_n in_o a_o amphitheatre_n chap._n vi_o why_o it_o be_v that_o at_o this_o day_n all_o the_o world_n have_v not_o the_o opinion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v upon_o the_o obligation_n of_o join_v justice_n to_o valour_n if_o all_o man_n at_o this_o day_n have_v not_o the_o opinion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o their_o be_v oblige_v to_o join_v valour_n with_o this_o other_o virtue_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o all_o morality_n perhaps_o it_o come_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o this_o monarchy_n as_o in_o many_o other_o they_o have_v make_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o gown_n from_o the_o sword_n as_o if_o they_o be_v distinct_a function_n and_o do_v not_o think_v it_o proper_a that_o the_o same_o man_n may_v be_v magistrate_n and_o captain_n too_o it_o be_v true_a the_o sovereign_a administration_n of_o law_n and_o arm_n reside_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o it_o be_v in_o no_o other_o proper_o but_o in_o he_o that_o this_o union_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o yet_o in_o some_o sort_n he_o have_v declare_v himself_o for_o the_o military_a employment_n since_o he_o every_o day_n bear_v the_o badge_n of_o it_o and_o even_o in_o the_o actual_a administration_n of_o justice_n he_o wear_v a_o sword_n by_o his_o side_n but_o the_o ancient_n do_v not_o determine_v of_o thing_n after_o this_o rule_n among_o they_o the_o charge_n of_o consul_n that_o of_o praetor_n and_o many_o other_o be_v no_o less_o for_o the_o war_n than_o for_o peace_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v some_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n pass_v from_o the_o tribunal_n to_o the_o camp_n and_o after_o have_v hear_v cause_n plead_v and_o be_v pleader_n themselves_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o to_o fight_v in_o the_o army_n fabritius_n be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o undaunted_a spirit_n both_o the_o cato_n be_v exceed_o valiant_a and_o the_o same_o justice_n which_o restrain_v they_o from_o suffer_v their_o judgement_n to_o be_v corrupt_v excite_v they_o not_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v vanquish_v in_o battle_n we_o find_v the_o like_a example_n in_o the_o grecian_a history_n photion_n and_o aristides_n have_v no_o less_o of_o courage_n than_o integrity_n they_o give_v to_o aristides_n the_o surname_n of_o just_a they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v give_v he_o the_o surname_n of_o valiant_a it_o be_v true_a he_o never_o command_v the_o army_n in_o chief_a but_o he_o distinguish_v himself_o in_o all_o the_o war_n where_o he_o serve_v either_o as_o a_o soldier_n or_o as_o a_o officer_n and_o he_o behave_v himself_o admirable_o well_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o marathron_n salamine_n and_o platea_n now_o in_o the_o republic_n of_o greece_n no_o manner_n of_o profession_n can_v exempt_v a_o man_n from_o his_o service_n in_o the_o war_n or_o at_o least_o be_v incompatible_a with_o arms._n we_o can_v name_v philosopher_n who_o have_v join_v justice_n with_o valour_n socrates_n save_v alcibiades_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o dart_v himself_o through_o the_o thick_a of_o his_o enemy_n rescue_v he_o out_o of_o their_o hand_n zenophon_n after_o the_o death_n of_o clearchus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o captain_n in_o that_o famous_a retreat_n which_o among_o the_o critic_n in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n pass_v for_o one_o of_o the_o fine_a masterpiece_n that_o ever_o be_v perform_v chap._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o extent_n of_o military_a obedience_n as_o it_o be_v a_o important_a thing_n sir_n for_o
only_o some_o for_o captain_n and_o general_n as_o the_o sur-name_n of_o country_n which_o they_o conquer_v trophy_n triumphal_a arch_n and_o triumph_n themselves_o but_o there_o be_v other_o for_o the_o common-soldier_n they_o bestow_v one_o sort_n of_o crown_n upon_o he_o that_o first_o scale_v the_o wall_n they_o give_v another_o to_o he_o who_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n have_v save_v a_o roman_a citizen_n and_o though_o the_o material_n thereof_o be_v but_o common_a and_o ordinary_a yet_o they_o value_v they_o above_o precious_a treasure_n a_o monarch_n also_o take_v himself_o to_o be_v honour_v when_o he_o be_v call_v a_o captain_n neither_o do_v he_o despise_v the_o title_n of_o a_o soldier_n to_o speak_v proper_o sovereign_n have_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o profession_n to_o rule_v their_o subject_n and_o to_o manage_v their_o war_n the_o first_o they_o teach_v their_o own_o child_n in_o the_o second_o they_o instruct_v their_o child_n and_o their_o subject_n they_o take_v care_n themselves_o to_o form_v their_o troop_n they_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o have_v the_o mean_a of_o their_o subject_n for_o their_o scholar_n and_o the_o same_o mouth_n that_o pronounce_v law_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n will_v give_v out_o order_n and_o instruction_n to_o the_o raggede_a of_o his_o soldier_n chap._n iii_o it_o be_v more_o pleasant_a to_o read_v the_o live_v of_o valiant_a than_o of_o other_o prince_n we_o pronounce_v the_o name_n of_o alexander_n and_o caesar_n more_o frequent_o than_o those_o of_o other_o prince_n we_o seem_v to_o feel_v a_o kind_n of_o interest_n in_o their_o past_a fortune_n we_o fancy_n ourselves_o concern_v in_o their_o conquest_n and_o to_o have_v some_o share_n in_o their_o triumph_n we_o be_v charm_v with_o a_o far_o great_a pleasure_n in_o read_v of_o their_o life_n than_o that_o of_o novelty_n we_o be_v more_o delight_v to_o read_v their_o story_n over_o and_o over_o again_o than_o that_o of_o any_o other_o prince_n though_o but_o once_o notwithstanding_o a_o thousand_o republican_n and_o man_n of_o commonwealth-principle_n have_v endeavour_v to_o palliate_v the_o death_n of_o caesar_n with_o specious_a pretence_n yet_o at_o this_o very_a day_n we_o can_v but_o look_v upon_o that_o act_n as_o a_o assassination_n and_o regard_v the_o criminal_n for_o no_o less_o than_o parricide_n we_o conspire_v against_o they_o who_o plot_v against_o he_o we_o abhor_v those_o of_o the_o senate_n that_o be_v so_o cruel_a and_o it_o be_v our_o opinion_n that_o the_o unfortunate_a end_n of_o those_o conspirator_n be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o just_a vengeance_n of_o heaven_n upon_o they_o what_o regret_n have_v we_o not_o also_o for_o alexander_n to_o think_v he_o shall_v be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o world_n at_o so_o young_a a_o age_n we_o lament_v his_o death_n whether_o it_o be_v violent_a or_o natural_a we_o conceive_v that_o so_o great_a a_o courage_n deserve_v a_o long_a life_n after_o he_o have_v conquer_v asia_n we_o can_v have_v wish_v he_o have_v turn_v his_o arm_n against_o europe_n as_o he_o design_v to_o do_v we_o imagine_v we_o shall_v have_v be_v well_o please_v to_o have_v see_v he_o attack_v the_o roman_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v make_v their_o advances_n in_o italy_n and_o be_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o most_o puissant_a republic_n in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o which_o be_v here_o most_o remarkable_a be_v we_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o admire_v their_o valour_n when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o know_v they_o have_v be_v unfortunate_a in_o their_o enterprise_n pyrrhus_n in_o many_o of_o his_o expedition_n meet_v with_o more_o disgrace_n than_o success_n he_o be_v despoil_v by_o lysimachus_n of_o the_o part_n which_o he_o have_v in_o macedonia_n he_o be_v force_v to_o abandon_v sicily_n and_o italy_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v six_o year_n time_n there_o he_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o lacedaemon_n and_o be_v slay_v before_o that_o at_o argos_n yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o misfortune_n we_o follow_v the_o conduct_n of_o his_o exploit_n with_o admiration_n we_o wish_v his_o success_n have_v be_v equal_a to_o his_o courage_n and_o be_v sorry_a that_o all_o his_o conquest_n shall_v drop_v through_o his_o finger_n just_a as_o he_o have_v catch_v they_o with_o his_o hand_n and_o after_o have_v vanquish_v his_o enemy_n through_o a_o thousand_o danger_n and_o hazard_n that_o he_o be_v not_o so_o happy_a as_o to_o reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o victory_n chap._n iu._n the_o roman_n erect_v statue_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o hannibal_n and_o they_o make_v all_o their_o statue_n in_o a_o military_a habit._n we_o can_v allege_v nothing_o that_o can_v redound_v more_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o valour_n than_o what_o be_v report_v by_o pliny_n that_o in_o rome_n itself_o three_o statue_n be_v erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o hannibal_n so_o that_o this_o implacable_a enemy_n of_o that_o republic_n have_v the_o monument_n of_o his_o glory_n set_v up_o within_o the_o precinct_n of_o that_o city_n wherein_o he_o have_v brandish_v his_o terror_n and_o the_o ruin_n whereof_o he_o have_v solemn_o swear_v to_o this_o remark_n of_o pliny_n let_v we_o add_v another_o of_o cicero_n who_o observe_v that_o all_o the_o roman_a statue_n be_v make_v in_o a_o military_a habit._n this_o custom_n speak_v much_o to_o the_o praise_n of_o valour_n for_o that_o they_o take_v it_o up_o out_o of_o choice_n and_o not_o out_o of_o necessity_n and_o although_o among_o the_o roman_n the_o same_o person_n be_v magistrate_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o well_o as_o captain_n in_o time_n of_o war_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o proper_a to_o make_v choice_n of_o any_o other_o habit_n for_o their_o statue_n or_o to_o represent_v they_o with_o the_o ensign_n of_o magistracy_n in_o truth_n we_o can_v say_v the_o same_o of_o the_o grecian_a statue_n we_o can_v observe_v any_o preference_n on_o the_o account_n of_o arm_n in_o that_o point_n the_o grecian_a hero_n have_v no_o habit_n upon_o their_o statue_n either_o because_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n which_o they_o have_v in_o reverence_n or_o else_o that_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o leave_v a_o liberty_n to_o their_o engraver_n to_o exercise_v their_o own_o ingenuity_n who_o thereby_o may_v better_a show_v the_o utmost_a excellency_n of_o their_o art_n in_o exact_o delineat_v the_o proportion_n and_o shape_v of_o humane_a body_n graeca_n res_fw-la est_fw-la nihil_fw-la velare_fw-la ac_fw-la contra_fw-la romana_fw-la thoracas_fw-la addere_fw-la sir_n i_o presume_v your_o highness_n will_v easy_o pardon_v i_o for_o cite_v to_o you_o a_o sentence_n out_o of_o a_o latin_a author_n since_o you_o yourself_o already_o so_o well_o understand_v that_o language_n one_o day_n i_o have_v the_o happiness_n to_o see_v some_o of_o your_o composure_n and_o it_o be_v not_o without_o admiration_n that_o i_o consider_v they_o they_o be_v so_o neat_o exact_a that_o the_o severe_a critic_n may_v desire_v nothing_o more_o and_o we_o may_v with_o truth_n affirm_v that_o the_o progress_n you_o have_v make_v in_o learning_n be_v far_o above_o your_o year_n chap._n v._n the_o esteem_v man_n have_v have_v for_o valour_n appear_v by_o the_o name_n which_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n have_v give_v to_o it_o and_o also_o by_o that_o we_o have_v give_v it_o in_o our_o own_o language_n you_o have_v then_o observe_v sir_n that_o the_o latin_n by_o the_o word_n virtue_n particular_o understand_v valour_n as_o if_o they_o conceive_v valour_n be_v the_o only_a virtue_n or_o at_o least_o the_o virtue_n by_o way_n of_o excellency_n beside_o some_o have_v think_v probable_o enough_o that_o this_o word_n be_v derive_v from_o a_o name_n which_o signify_v man_n virtus_fw-la à _fw-la viro._n the_o like_a etymology_n be_v plain_o evident_a in_o the_o greek_a tongue_n which_o not_o only_o give_v the_o general_a name_n of_o virtue_n to_o valour_n in_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o they_o also_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o let_v we_o understand_v that_o in_o this_o a_o man_n may_v behold_v his_o true_a character_n and_o that_o he_o be_v unworthy_a to_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o a_o man_n who_o be_v defective_a in_o courage_n but_o neither_o the_o greek_n nor_o latin_n have_v dignify_v this_o virtue_n with_o so_o honourable_a a_o name_n as_o that_o by_o which_o we_o render_v it_o in_o our_o language_n be_v it_o not_o a_o remarkable_a thing_n that_o we_o have_v appropriate_v to_o it_o the_o very_a name_n by_o which_o we_o use_v to_o express_v the_o price_n or_o worth_n of_o thing_n as_o much_o as_o to_o let_v we_o understand_v that_o man_n be_v valuable_a more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o courage_n and_o that_o valour_n be_v the_o only_a fountain_n of_o merit_n chap._n vi_o
of_o the_o most_o sage_a philosopher_n in_o his_o ethic_n that_o there_o be_v more_o praise_n attribute_v to_o just_a and_o valiant_a man_n than_o to_o person_n eminent_a for_o other_o virtue_n he_o may_v have_v add_v as_o in_o effect_n he_o have_v observe_v in_o his_o problem_n that_o the_o valiant_a be_v more_o high_o applaud_v than_o the_o just_a in_o pursue_v this_o i_o shall_v not_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o those_o orator_n who_o in_o their_o declamation_n usual_o amplify_v the_o theme_n they_o have_v espouse_v and_o never_o fail_v to_o extol_v their_o present_a subject_n above_o all_o other_o we_o must_v not_o be_v partial_a as_o not_o for_o the_o man_n so_o neither_o for_o the_o virtue_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v justice_n be_v the_o principal_a of_o all_o and_o the_o answer_n of_o a_o certain_a prince_n both_o valiant_a and_o just_a be_v solid_a and_o fine_a when_o one_o demand_v of_o he_o whether_o valour_n or_o justice_n be_v the_o more_o reputable_a he_o make_v this_o reply_n if_o all_o the_o world_n will_v follow_v justice_n valour_n will_v be_v useless_a yet_o nevertheless_o we_o do_v here_o in_o the_o bestow_n our_o acclamation_n as_o prince_n sometime_o do_v in_o the_o dispensation_n of_o their_o kindness_n the_o measure_n of_o their_o favour_n be_v not_o regulate_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o person_n only_o they_o have_v other_o regard_v as_o service_n render_v or_o to_o be_v render_v the_o recommendation_n of_o great_a and_o necessary_a minister_n of_o state_n the_o effect_n that_o their_o largess_n may_v have_v as_o to_o the_o public_a and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a consideration_n farther_n although_o man_n general_o esteem_v justice_n more_o than_o valour_n yet_o they_o honour_v valour_n more_o than_o justice_n they_o have_v always_o add_v a_o great_a splendour_n to_o the_o reputation_n of_o this_o virtue_n than_o to_o that_o of_o other_o and_o they_o have_v take_v a_o extreme_a care_n in_o all_o age_n as_o to_o man_n that_o live_v and_o die_v in_o the_o war_n to_o render_v their_o life_n illustrious_a and_o their_o death_n honourable_a and_o it_o be_v not_o without_o good_a reason_n that_o they_o do_v so_o for_o the_o profession_n of_o war_n be_v the_o most_o penible_a in_o its_o performance_n and_o the_o most_o hazardous_a in_o its_o design_n peril_n be_v not_o amiable_a and_o lovely_a in_o themselves_o they_o must_v be_v recommend_v and_o embellish_v with_o glory_n and_o we_o may_v well_o say_v justice_n itself_o have_v advise_v man_n to_o maintain_v this_o conduct_n since_o it_o be_v but_o just_a that_o if_o valour_n hazard_v all_o for_o the_o defence_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o people_n on_o their_o side_n shall_v refuse_v nothing_o that_o may_v contribute_v to_o the_o renown_n of_o valour_n now_o all_o these_o reason_n be_v more_o eminent_o apparent_a in_o reference_n to_o prince_n we_o ordain_v triumph_n for_o they_o not_o only_o for_o have_v establish_v good_a law_n but_o for_o have_v make_v great_a conquest_n and_o not_o only_o the_o esteem_n but_o the_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n that_o people_n conceive_v for_o they_o be_v great_a when_o they_o return_v from_o a_o campaign_n full_a of_o fatigue_n and_o danger_n than_o when_o they_o see_v they_o mount_v the_o throne_n of_o justice_n because_o war_n be_v no_o less_o hazardous_a than_o it_o be_v painful_a and_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o valour_n the_o king_n expose_v his_o own_o life_n whereas_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n he_o bestow_v nothing_o but_o his_o time_n and_o labour_n chap._n xv._n valour_n be_v necessary_a to_o a_o prince_n for_o his_o own_o conservation_n though_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o consideration_n of_o honour_n to_o incite_v prince_n to_o valour_n one_o will_v think_v this_o be_v a_o effectual_a motive_n to_o royal_a soul_n but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a thing_n interest_n and_o self-preservation_n oblige_v they_o to_o be_v valiant_a though_o policy_n and_o morality_n be_v near_o found_v upon_o the_o same_o principle_n and_o be_v guide_v almost_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n yet_o it_o be_v less_o rare_a to_o find_v a_o just_a and_o generous_a morality_n among_o private_a person_n than_o a_o just_a and_o generous_a policy_n among_o state_n those_o who_o be_v manage_v by_o just_a and_o generous_a politic_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o commendable_a but_o yet_o the_o maxim_n i_o have_v propound_v do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v true_a for_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o world_n now_o as_o it_o be_v and_o as_o it_o always_o have_v be_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o monarchy_n and_o republic_n be_v in_o a_o continual_a defiance_n they_o be_v always_o in_o a_o state_n of_o war._n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o great_a river_n or_o a_o vast_a range_v of_o mountain_n that_o bound_v their_o dominion_n as_o a_o mutual_a and_o reciprocal_a fear_n they_o have_v one_o of_o another_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v precautioned_n to_o fortify_v themselves_o to_o have_v garrison_n man_v and_o army_n in_o pay_n and_o to_o retain_v the_o idea_n of_o war_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o profound_a peace_n valour_n be_v necessary_a where_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a suspicion_n of_o injustice_n and_o jealousy_n of_o injury_n to_o put_v one_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o repress_v violence_n and_o to_o oppose_v force_n with_o force_n when_o a_o valiant_a prince_n be_v set_v upon_o he_o often_o defend_v himself_o with_o success_n always_o with_o honour_n beside_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o think_v more_o than_o once_o before_o they_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v seldom_o reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o defend_v himself_o and_o in_o truth_n he_o have_v more_o of_o those_o that_o be_v secret_o jealous_a of_o he_o than_o of_o declare_a enemy_n it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o a_o single_a man_n have_v bring_v safety_n to_o a_o nation_n and_o victory_n to_o a_o army_n this_o great_a confidence_n proceed_v from_o the_o reputation_n of_o the_o general_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o politic_a government_n or_o military_a discipline_n there_o be_v a_o ancient_a say_v which_o be_v very_o common_a that_o a_o army_n of_o heart_n conduct_v by_o a_o lion_n shall_v be_v more_o formidable_a than_o a_o army_n of_o lion_n lead_v on_o by_o a_o hart._n after_o pyrrhus_n come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v beat_v the_o roman_n command_v by_o the_o consul_n albinus_n it_o be_v ordain_v at_o rome_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v vanquish_v by_o the_o epirote_n but_o that_o albinus_n have_v be_v worsted_n by_o pyrrhus_n we_o must_v needs_o high_o praise_v the_o conduct_n of_o eumenes_n who_o be_v to_o fight_v a_o battle_n against_o craterus_n and_o neoptolemus_n the_o former_a whereof_o have_v a_o great_a reputation_n and_o the_o other_o none_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o craterus_n be_v ready_a to_o fall_v on_o he_o he_o make_v his_o troop_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v neoptolemus_n so_o that_o they_o engage_v brisk_o in_o the_o battle_n and_o never_o know_v they_o have_v to_o do_v with_o craterus_n till_o they_o have_v rout_v his_o army_n and_o slay_v their_o general_n when_o alexander_n be_v go_v over_o into_o asia_n there_o be_v great_a reason_n of_o fear_n for_o macedonia_n almost_o all_o their_o force_n have_v follow_v the_o fortune_n of_o that_o prince_n yet_o neither_o the_o thracian_n illyrian_n nor_o grecian_n dare_v attack_v they_o or_o if_o they_o do_v it_o be_v with_o vain_a attempt_n as_o the_o lacedaemonian_n do_v with_o their_o king_n agis_n and_o it_o be_v often_o say_v that_o the_o advantage_n which_o the_o macedonian_n gain_v over_o they_o be_v rather_o the_o effect_n of_o alexander_n renown_n than_o antipater_n conduct_n and_o valour_n when_o henry_n the_o four_o have_v conquer_v his_o own_o kingdom_n spain_n think_v herself_o happy_a to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o he_o enjoy_v his_o own_o repose_n and_o cause_v france_n to_o enjoy_v she_o he_o establish_v himself_o without_o trouble_n in_o that_o kingdom_n which_o in_o the_o precede_a age_n have_v be_v the_o scene_n of_o so_o many_o outrageous_a broil_n and_o rebellion_n no_o person_n be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o set_v upon_o he_o but_o rather_o seek_v his_o alliance_n and_o we_o know_v that_o at_o the_o fatal_a time_n of_o his_o death_n when_o he_o have_v make_v vast_a preparation_n for_o war_n how_o he_o alarm_v all_o other_o state_n and_o put_v europe_n to_o a_o stand._n on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o a_o prince_n be_v defective_a in_o courage_n he_o be_v despise_v by_o all_o the_o world_n and_o sometime_o he_o be_v even_o abandon_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n the_o strange_a misfortune_n which_o happen_v to_o severus_n the_o emperor_n proceed_v from_o the_o mean_a opinion_n the_o soldier_n have_v of_o his_o valour_n
insomuch_o that_o god_n be_v in_o our_o soul_n he_o act_v immediate_o there_o and_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o to_o do_v that_o which_o he_o please_v they_o deceive_v themselves_o extreme_o who_o imagine_v that_o in_o make_v these_o reflection_n on_o the_o dependence_n of_o man_n valour_n it_o shall_v be_v capable_a to_o abate_v their_o courage_n rather_o than_o to_o add_v more_o assurance_n to_o it_o for_o as_o it_o be_v in_o civil_a society_n the_o power_n of_o our_o friend_n create_v in_o we_o rather_o confidence_n than_o fear_n so_o the_o divine_a omnipotence_n be_v so_o far_o from_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o those_o person_n that_o acknowledge_v and_o adore_v it_o that_o it_o elevate_v and_o confirm_v it_o and_o certain_o i_o believe_v that_o all_o the_o exhortation_n that_o ever_o have_v be_v make_v or_o ever_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o excite_v man_n to_o valour_n have_v not_o so_o much_o force_n as_o one_o sentence_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n allege_v by_o st._n paul_n if_o god_n be_v for_o we_o who_o can_v be_v against_o we_o and_o that_o other_o in_o the_o gospel_n fear_v not_o they_o that_o can_v kill_v the_o body_n but_o can_v destroy_v the_o soul_n chap._n xii_o what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o valiant_a action_n among_o the_o circumstance_n which_o attend_v action_n the_o most_o essential_a of_o all_o be_v the_o end_n what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o action_n of_o valour_n the_o pagan_n have_v propound_v glory_n for_o its_o end_n christian_n morality_n advance_v high_a and_o to_o conceive_v aright_o of_o the_o grandeur_n and_o solidity_n of_o the_o sentiment_n she_o inspire_v upon_o this_o subject_a it_o be_v needful_a for_o we_o to_o consider_v it_o be_v in_o valour_n as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o virtue_n and_o that_o military_a action_n ought_v to_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o good_a work_n to_o which_o the_o reward_n of_o heaven_n be_v promise_v there_o be_v in_o they_o this_o in_o particular_a that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o more_o painful_a and_o difficult_a than_o the_o other_o but_o they_o oftentimes_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o life_n of_o he_o that_o perform_v they_o and_o so_o he_o embrace_v death_n in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o virtue_n if_o a_o man_n close_v up_o his_o life_n stretch_v out_o his_o hand_n to_o assist_v the_o poor_a and_o in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o alms-deed_n and_o charity_n or_o if_o he_o render_v up_o his_o soul_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o altar_n whilst_o he_o be_v apply_v himself_o to_o the_o invocation_n and_o adoration_n of_o god_n such_o a_o death_n will_v with_o reason_n be_v account_v as_o a_o favour_n and_o will_v give_v we_o advantageous_a thought_n of_o the_o salvation_n of_o this_o man._n we_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o same_o opinion_n of_o a_o death_n which_o happen_v in_o military_a expedition_n and_o to_o make_v the_o reflection_n more_o agreeable_a to_o this_o notion_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o it_o must_v be_v a_o war_n wage_v against_o infidel_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o war_n be_v just_a and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o subject_n that_o they_o be_v command_v by_o their_o prince_n then_o we_o may_v say_v that_o death_n be_v a_o sacrifice_n and_o he_o that_o suffer_v it_o be_v a_o victim_n it_o will_v be_v object_v without_o doubt_n that_o this_o sacrifice_n may_v not_o be_v please_v to_o god_n because_o it_o may_v suffer_v that_o death_n and_o yet_o otherwise_o be_v in_o a_o ill_a state_n i_o agree_v it_o but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o case_n peculiar_a to_o valour_n only_o see_v that_o it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o he_o who_o die_v in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o almsgiving_n or_o of_o prayer_n yet_o may_v not_o die_v in_o a_o good_a disposition_n of_o conscience_n there_o be_v only_o one_o difference_n to_o be_v observe_v that_o almsgiving_n and_o prayer_n do_v not_o in_o themselves_o expose_v a_o man_n life_n to_o hazard_v but_o military_a action_n be_v accompany_v with_o danger_n and_o it_o be_v their_o very_a business_n to_o encounter_v they_o insomuch_o that_o we_o may_v sober_o conclude_v thereupon_o that_o a_o soldier_n be_v particular_o oblige_v to_o take_v care_n of_o his_o conscience_n and_o in_o that_o he_o be_v expose_v to_o death_n hourly_o he_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v well_o prepare_v to_o die_v daily_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o make_v a_o far_o research_v what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o valiant_a action_n it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o of_o other_o virtuous_a action_n valour_n propound_v no_o less_o a_o aim_n than_o the_o noble_a of_o all_o conquest_n that_o of_o heaven_n she_o propound_v a_o immortality_n that_o be_v not_o feign_v nor_o metaphorical_a as_o be_v that_o of_o fame_n but_o a_o life_n true_o eternal_a and_o true_o happy_a as_o to_o that_o other_o immortality_n such_o as_o it_o be_v i_o mean_v the_o glory_n which_o spring_v from_o valour_n we_o must_v see_v of_o what_o disposition_n christian_a prince_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o this_o respect_n i_o remember_v i_o have_v read_v a_o notion_n in_o the_o write_n of_o a_o ancient_a father_n which_o at_o the_o first_o surprise_v i_o but_o it_o be_v very_o solid_a and_o very_o necessary_a upon_o this_o occasion_n he_o preach_v to_o his_o people_n after_o this_o manner_n have_v a_o care_n of_o my_o reputation_n it_o be_v your_o interest_n rather_o than_o i_o so_o to_o do_v i_o have_v no_o need_n of_o it_o for_o myself_o but_o i_o have_v need_n of_o it_o for_o you_o so_o a_o prince_n stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o honour_n for_o himself_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v judge_v of_o god_n by_o his_o reputation_n but_o by_o his_o virtue_n he_o have_v only_o need_v of_o it_o for_o his_o people_n to_o maintain_v his_o subject_n in_o their_o duty_n to_o hinder_v his_o enemy_n from_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o and_o in_o a_o word_n for_o a_o thousand_o thing_n important_a to_o the_o public_a we_o can_v doubt_v then_o but_o that_o the_o reputation_n of_o king_n be_v capable_a of_o produce_v great_a effect_n be_v it_o either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n but_o all_o this_o have_v no_o far_a regard_n to_o a_o prince_n but_o during_o his_o life_n ought_v he_o then_o to_o neglect_v a_o reputation_n which_o shall_v endure_v after_o death_n no_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o neglect_v it_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o desire_v it_o not_o for_o himself_o but_o for_o other_o which_o be_v the_o motive_n we_o have_v former_o touch_v at_o and_o appear_v here_o to_o be_v manifest_o true_a indeed_o st._n lewis_n will_v not_o be_v ever_o the_o less_o happy_a in_o heaven_n though_o all_o the_o world_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o action_n he_o do_v on_o the_o earth_n and_o we_o never_o have_v know_v he_o be_v valiant_a or_o that_o he_o have_v make_v war_n in_o africa_n or_o have_v suffer_v death_n as_o a_o martyr_n it_o be_v not_o then_o a_o felicity_n to_o st._n lewis_n that_o history_n speak_v of_o he_o but_o it_o be_v a_o happiness_n for_o those_o who_o be_v now_o live_v it_o be_v a_o happiness_n in_o particular_a to_o you_o sir_n who_o be_v animate_v by_o this_o example_n and_o find_v in_o a_o stem_n of_o your_o august_n family_n the_o most_o perfect_a model_n that_o the_o church_n have_v propound_v for_o prince_n as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o that_o the_o glory_n of_o great_a king_n produce_v great_a effect_n which_o be_v not_o confine_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o day_n so_o we_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o they_o may_v propound_v to_o themselves_o to_o do_v such_o action_n which_o will_v never_o be_v forget_v and_o the_o memoires_n of_o their_o virtue_n will_v procure_v a_o continue_a and_o perpetual_a benefit_n to_o the_o world_n we_o shall_v be_v yet_o more_o convince_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o maxim_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o there_o be_v a_o proportion_n altogether_o equal_a between_o the_o time_n and_o place_n and_o as_o when_o a_o christian_a prince_n desire_v to_o be_v know_v out_o of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n it_o be_v to_o render_v himself_o profitable_a to_o stranger_n as_o well_o as_o to_o his_o subject_n in_o like_a manner_n when_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v fame_v after_o his_o death_n it_o be_v to_o this_o end_n that_o after_o have_v serve_v his_o own_o generation_n he_o will_v be_v yet_o far_a serviceable_a to_o posterity_n chap._n xiii_o valour_n ought_v to_o be_v accompany_v with_o generosity_n when_o one_o be_v animate_v from_o so_o noble_a a_o principle_n and_o have_v propound_v to_o himself_o so_o excellent_a a_o end_n he_o sometime_o prohibit_v himself_o the_o use_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v allowable_a it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o satisfy_v ourselves_o that_o we_o be_v far_o from_o be_v guide_v by_o unjust_a maxim_n but_o we_o
we_o love_v the_o image_n of_o valour_n in_o other_o creature_n which_o be_v hardy_a the_o lion_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o have_v true_a valour_n see_v that_o valour_n be_v a_o virtue_n and_o virtue_n belong_v only_o to_o reasonable_a creature_n yet_o valour_n be_v so_o amiable_a that_o we_o love_v its_o very_a image_n and_o appearance_n in_o the_o brute_n and_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o lion_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o awful_a esteem_n we_o attribute_v to_o he_o action_n of_o generosity_n we_o say_v he_o will_v not_o insult_v over_o a_o vanquish_a enemy_n that_o he_o will_v pardon_v they_o who_o he_o have_v bring_v under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o clutch_n we_o say_v when_o he_o see_v himself_o in_o danger_n to_o be_v overpower_a by_o a_o multitude_n he_o will_v not_o flee_v away_o in_o disorder_n but_o make_v seasonable_a halt_v and_o turn_v he_o retreat_v in_o state_n and_o as_o it_o be_v face_v his_o enemy_n when_o a_o man_n have_v distinguish_v himself_o by_o his_o bravery_n we_o bestow_v some_o title_n upon_o he_o in_o our_o usual_a language_n but_o when_o eloquence_n or_o poesy_n think_v to_o honour_v a_o hero_n it_o compare_v he_o to_o a_o lion_n france_n which_o have_v breed_v up_o many_o person_n who_o deserve_v that_o appellation_n do_v not_o bring_v forth_o lion_n but_o when_o we_o know_v they_o be_v bring_v over_o from_o those_o scorch_a climate_n where_o they_o be_v breed_v into_o our_o country_n we_o be_v curious_a to_o go_v and_o view_v they_o we_o consider_v they_o with_o attention_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o respect_n we_o take_v pleasure_n to_o see_v they_o extend_v their_o claw_n with_o which_o they_o can_v tear_v elephant_n in_o piece_n we_o love_v to_o hear_v his_o roar_a which_o have_v be_v the_o terror_n of_o a_o whole_a country_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o eagle_n we_o conceive_v lofty_a thought_n of_o he_o we_o consider_v he_o as_o a_o sovereign_n who_o exercise_v his_o dominion_n in_o the_o vast_a empire_n of_o the_o airy_a region_n and_o make_v his_o uninterrupted_a progress_n through_o immense_a space_n that_o which_o give_v we_o so_o noble_a a_o idea_n of_o he_o be_v that_o he_o excel_v all_o the_o feather_a creation_n in_o courage_n and_o his_o approach_n to_o they_o be_v terrible_a the_o word_n prince_n in_o the_o original_a signify_v no_o more_o than_o chief_a and_o this_o title_n carry_v a_o smooth_a and_o more_o acceptable_a sound_n to_o a_o newly-conquered_n people_n than_o all_o the_o other_o harsh_a name_n which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o mark_n of_o arbitrary_a sovereignty_n for_o this_o reason_n augustus_n as_o tacitus_n have_v well_o observe_v choose_v to_o govern_v the_o empire_n under_o no_o other_o title_n than_o that_o of_o prince_n dion_z to_o the_o same_o sense_n report_v of_o another_o emperor_n who_o use_v to_o say_v i_o be_o the_o master_n of_o my_o slave_n the_o general_n of_o my_o soldier_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o most_o graceful_a superiority_n be_v that_o which_o be_v found_v in_o the_o high_a perfection_n and_o we_o attribute_v this_o name_n to_o those_o who_o excel_v all_o other_o in_o their_o laudable_a profession_n we_o therefore_o call_v virgil_n the_o prince_n of_o poet_n and_o cicero_n the_o prince_n of_o orator_n of_o all_o those_o royal_a duty_n that_o god_n have_v annex_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o prince_n this_o title_n carry_v in_o it_o a_o eternal_a advertisement_n to_o those_o who_o be_v honour_v with_o it_o to_o surpass_v their_o subject_n in_o merit_n as_o well_o as_o power_n if_o ever_o they_o will_v be_v the_o chief_n and_o possess_v in_o all_o thing_n the_o high_a rank_n they_o be_v then_o oblige_v to_o acquire_v more_o glory_n than_o other_o man_n but_o they_o can_v have_v more_o glory_n if_o they_o have_v not_o more_o virtue_n and_o the_o most_o renown_a of_o all_o virtue_n be_v valour_n chap._n vii_o valour_n be_v the_o ornament_n of_o all_o age_n and_o of_o the_o female_a sex_n when_o it_o be_v find_v there_o without_o valour_n youth_n be_v despicable_a and_o with_o it_o old_a age_n be_v honourable_a what_o can_v be_v a_o more_o glorious_a spectacle_n than_o to_o behold_v antigonus_n in_o the_o grecian_a history_n and_o the_o constable_n of_o montmorency_n in_o that_o of_o our_o own_o who_o at_o the_o age_n of_o eighty_o year_n seek_v for_o death_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o battle_n and_o there_o they_o both_o find_v it_o homer_n have_v make_v we_o conceive_v a_o great_a esteem_n for_o nestor_n in_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o siege_n of_o troy_n than_o for_o the_o father_n of_o achilles_n or_o ulysses_n who_o he_o leave_v snore_v at_o home_n in_o their_o private_a house_n certain_a i_o be_o we_o regard_v the_o macedonian_a soldier_n call_v argyraspides_fw-la with_o admiration_n they_o be_v the_o flower_n of_o the_o militia_n of_o that_o kingdom_n they_o have_v serve_v not_o only_o in_o all_o the_o war_n of_o alexander_n but_o likewise_o in_o those_o of_o his_o father_n philip_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v seventy_o year_n of_o age_n and_o the_o young_a sixty_o it_o be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v niggard_n of_o their_o life_n that_o they_o last_v so_o long_o they_o be_v all_o cover_v with_o wound_n neither_o can_v they_o receive_v any_o new_a one_o but_o upon_o their_o old_a scar_n valour_n be_v also_o a_o ornament_n to_o the_o other_o sex_n when_o it_o be_v find_v there_o among_o all_o queen_n we_o most_o admire_v semiramis_n and_o zenobia_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o think_v of_o a_o name_n more_o take_v than_o that_o of_o a_o amazon_n chap._n viii_o cowardice_n be_v the_o great_a reproach_n to_o a_o man._n cowardice_n be_v the_o most_o stab_a reproach_n that_o can_v be_v put_v upon_o a_o man._n from_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v upbraid_v with_o it_o he_o take_v up_o a_o resolution_n either_o to_o perish_v himself_o or_o to_o avenge_v the_o affront_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o accuser_n it_o seem_v a_o less_o evil_a to_o he_o to_o kill_v or_o be_v kill_v than_o to_o suffer_v this_o ignominy_n and_o frequent_o through_o a_o blind_a fury_n he_o be_v transport_v to_o the_o height_n of_o revenge_n nay_o he_o have_v rather_o appear_v a_o perfect_a criminal_a and_o more_o real_o guilty_a of_o other_o vice_n than_o so_o much_o as_o to_o seem_v reproachable_a for_o this_o when_o nature_n perceive_v that_o she_o have_v be_v unkind_a in_o not_o befriend_v a_o man_n with_o that_o courage_n which_o be_v proper_a for_o he_o she_o give_v he_o continual_a advice_n to_o hide_v his_o defect_n she_o will_v shift_v he_o away_o from_o all_o occasion_n where_o his_o weakness_n may_v be_v bring_v upon_o the_o stage_n she_o present_v to_o his_o thought_n duty_n and_o honour_n that_o so_o she_o may_v lead_v he_o to_o do_v that_o upon_o consideration_n which_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o do_v upon_o his_o first_o thought_n and_o if_o she_o find_v all_o this_o unprofitable_a than_o she_o sometime_o inspire_v he_o with_o despair_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o pass_v for_o stoutness_n and_o valour_n in_o short_a we_o may_v affirm_v there_o be_v no_o such_o rigorous_a and_o shameful_a slavery_n as_o servile_a fear_n when_o a_o man_n will_v always_o be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o security_n he_o never_o be_v nor_o do_v he_o deserve_v to_o be_v so_o the_o fear_n of_o danger_n either_o honourable_a or_o necessary_a be_v the_o lot_n of_o mean_a soul_n and_o they_o who_o life_n be_v least_o to_o be_v value_v be_v most_o afraid_a of_o lose_v they_o chap._n ix_o whether_o a_o man_n be_v courageous_a or_o fearful_a natural_o i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o a_o thought_n upon_o this_o subject_a which_o i_o know_v not_o if_o i_o can_v well_o express_v nature_n have_v impress_v the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n upon_o all_o creature_n inspire_v they_o sometime_o with_o very_o contrary_a sentiment_n for_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o it_o be_v from_o the_o same_o principle_n of_o self-preservation_n which_o render_v the_o lion_n so_o undaunted_a and_o the_o hart_n so_o fearful_a but_o if_o i_o may_v have_v leave_v to_o abstract_n humane_a reason_n and_o to_o consider_v man_n in_o the_o resemblance_n he_o may_v have_v with_o other_o creature_n i_o believe_v nature_n have_v not_o place_v he_o in_o the_o rank_n of_o those_o who_o be_v fearful_a but_o of_o the_o courageous_a this_o appear_v not_o only_o from_o the_o rash_a and_o hardy_a action_n which_o man_n sometime_o commit_v against_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n but_o also_o from_o the_o savage_a nation_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o live_v who_o be_v perpetual_o wage_n war_n one_o against_o another_o and_o seldom_o cease_v till_o their_o eager_a and_o bold_a assault_n ferment_n into_o fury_n and_o ferocity_n but_o coward_n which_o ought_v to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o
to_o they_o as_o nature_n they_o will_v have_v leave_v nothing_o for_o their_o successor_n to_o do_v now_o but_o may_v have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o misfortune_n of_o king_n john_n oblige_v charles_n his_o son_n not_o to_o hazard_v a_o second_o disgrace_n but_o that_o prince_n who_o in_o this_o than_o show_v his_o prudence_n have_v before_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o courage_n lewis_n the_o eleven_o who_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o day_n have_v abandon_v his_o soul_n to_o the_o melancholy_a terror_n and_o apprehension_n of_o death_n never_o give_v testimony_n of_o such_o terrify_a fear_n in_o all_o his_o war_n and_o one_o may_v have_v see_v he_o give_v personal_a proof_n of_o his_o valour_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o montlheri_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v win_v three_o victory_n before_o he_o be_v king_n which_o give_v we_o to_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v his_o slothfulness_n and_o not_o his_o cowardice_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o unhappy_a reign_n he_o fear_v not_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n but_o he_o dread_v the_o labour_n of_o it_o he_o have_v be_v well_o satisfy_v to_o have_v fight_v every_o year_n a_o battle_n provide_v that_o after_o the_o fight_n be_v over_o he_o may_v have_v be_v permit_v to_o spend_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n in_o idleness_n these_o be_v they_o who_o calumny_n may_v take_v occasion_n to_o asperse_v and_o yet_o they_o be_v free_a from_o this_o fault_n of_o cowardice_n the_o rest_n claim_v our_o eulogy_n rather_o than_o need_v our_o apology_n prosperity_n sometime_o fail_v they_o in_o the_o event_n and_o prudence_n be_v sometime_o want_v in_o the_o enterprise_n but_o their_o courage_n never_o fail_v neither_o in_o the_o enterprise_n nor_o in_o the_o event_n there_o be_v no_o adventure_n happen_v to_o they_o wherein_o their_o valour_n be_v not_o show_v forth_o king_n be_v not_o make_v prisoner_n of_o war_n so_o long_o as_o they_o remain_v in_o their_o palace_n but_o if_o any_o of_o they_o in_o command_v their_o army_n do_v fall_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o enemy_n who_o manage_v the_o war_n by_o their_o lieutenant_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o be_v vanquish_v they_o have_v appear_v more_o courageous_a than_o their_o conqueror_n such_o have_v be_v the_o prince_n from_o who_o some_o be_v descend_v who_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o blush_v for_o their_o ancestor_n nor_o themselves_o in_o read_v their_o history_n they_o be_v find_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n when_o seat_v on_o their_o throne_n and_o that_o they_o be_v altogether_o worthy_a of_o proceed_v their_o successor_n who_o have_v since_o have_v better_a fortune_n who_o destiny_n may_v raise_v in_o we_o a_o compassion_n for_o they_o but_o will_v never_o cause_v we_o to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o they_o chap._n xix_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n be_v soon_o expire_v as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o and_o as_o some_o king_n have_v be_v always_o valiant_a so_o have_v their_o subject_n never_o base_o degenerate_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o courage_n so_o that_o we_o need_v not_o wonder_n that_o monarchy_n have_v preserve_v itself_o during_o the_o course_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o that_o she_o promise_v herself_o a_o duration_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o universe_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o empire_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n do_v not_o long_o subsist_v because_o cyrus_n have_v those_o for_o his_o successor_n which_o be_v not_o worthy_a of_o he_o they_o have_v more_o of_o vanity_n than_o valour_n they_o move_v indeed_o with_o innumerable_a army_n they_o pour_v forth_o soldier_n by_o the_o million_o and_o with_o a_o ridiculous_a arrogance_n vaunt_a that_o they_o will_v shovel_n mountain_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o lay_v fetter_n upon_o the_o ocean_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o these_o dreadful_a crack_n they_o be_v beat_v sink_v and_o chase_v by_o the_o little_a republic_n of_o greece_n however_o we_o may_v say_v that_o darius_n in_o who_o this_o empire_n expire_v be_v not_o defective_a in_o courage_n but_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o his_o enemy_n see_v that_o though_o he_o be_v far_o strong_a than_o he_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v surmount_v by_o he_o when_o his_o famous_a conqueror_n be_v dead_a without_o child_n the_o principal_a of_o his_o captain_n become_v king_n one_o have_v macedonia_n for_o his_o part_n another_o syria_n a_o three_o egypt_n but_o all_o these_o blaze_a sovereignty_n not_o fall_v into_o hand_n strong_a enough_o to_o sustain_v they_o be_v soon_o extinguish_v perseus_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o macedonian_n be_v but_o the_o seven_o in_o succession_n from_o antigonus_n the_o seleucides_n which_o have_v syria_n continue_v no_o long_a time_n and_o the_o ptolemey_n who_o kingdom_n be_v the_o last_o which_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o province_n hold_v not_o egypt_n above_o two_o age_n their_o misfortune_n come_v from_o a_o defect_n of_o valour_n perseus_n of_o who_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v instead_o of_o show_v the_o courage_n of_o a_o king_n after_o his_o defeat_n carry_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o baseness_n that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v ashamed_a of_o he_o when_o he_o come_v from_o the_o battle_n apprehend_v that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v any_o glory_n for_o he_o to_o conquer_v such_o a_o man._n and_o when_o he_o see_v he_o prostrate_v himself_o unworthy_o at_o his_o foot_n ah_o say_v he_o do_v not_o dishonour_v my_o victory_n and_o yet_o this_o carriage_n be_v less_o to_o be_v blame_v if_o possible_a than_o that_o of_o antiochus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o seleucides_n to_o who_o the_o roman_n send_v popilius_n to_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o a_o country_n whereinto_o he_o have_v enter_v with_o his_o main_a army_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o see_v the_o ambassador_n afar_o off_o go_v over_o his_o camp_n he_o humble_o salute_v he_o the_o ambassador_n with_o a_o fierceness_n not_o to_o be_v endure_v come_v up_o to_o he_o without_o return_v he_o any_o salute_v and_o deliver_v he_o a_o letter_n from_o the_o senate_n antiochus_n after_o he_o have_v read_v it_o tell_v he_o he_o will_v deliberate_v upon_o whas_fw-ge be_v to_o be_v do_v popilius_z present_o make_v a_o circle_n about_o this_o prince_n with_o a_o wand_n that_o he_o then_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n say_v to_o he_o deliberate_a if_o you_o will_v but_o before_o you_o go_v out_o of_o this_o circle_n i_o expect_v your_o answer_n here_o you_o may_v behold_v a_o perfect_a coward_n a_o king_n who_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o army_n have_v receive_v such_o unworthy_a carriage_n from_o a_o envoy_n instead_o of_o be_v inspire_v with_o a_o just_a indignation_n consult_v only_o his_o own_o fear_n and_o answer_v he_o will_v do_v what_o the_o roman_n shall_v desire_v of_o he_o as_o for_o ptolemy_n can_v any_o one_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o more_o sordid_a and_o treacherous_a action_n than_o he_o when_o he_o sacrifice_v the_o great_a infortunate_a to_o his_o infamous_a politic_n and_o the_o better_a to_o make_v his_o court_n to_o caesar_n make_v he_o a_o present_a of_o the_o head_n of_o pompey_n all_o these_o prince_n so_o little_a worthy_a of_o their_o sovereignty_n do_v but_o possess_v part_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o alexander_n what_o become_v of_o persia_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o great_a monarch_n there_o be_v but_o two_o division_n make_v of_o those_o great_a conquest_n one_o by_o perdiccas_n and_o the_o other_o by_o antipater_n it_o be_v in_o the_o second_o division_n that_o babylon_n fall_v to_o seleucus_n he_o afterward_o gain_v the_o army_n of_o nicanor_n governor_n of_o media_n and_o be_v also_o assure_v of_o persia_n it_o be_v the_o best_a division_n see_v that_o his_o empire_n extend_v itself_o from_o the_o egean_a sea_n even_o to_o the_o indies_n but_o at_o last_o all_o these_o successor_n of_o alexander_n and_o their_o descendant_n not_o know_v how_o to_o agree_v among_o themselves_o nor_o how_o to_o conquer_v one_o another_o it_o happen_v that_o during_o their_o dissension_n a_o valiant_a parthian_a name_v arsaces_n mount_v the_o throne_n and_o become_v the_o founder_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o puissant_a and_o illustrious_a family_n that_o history_n present_v to_o our_o remembrance_n this_o noble_a family_n be_v not_o eclipse_v as_o other_o be_v with_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o roman_a splendour_n she_o give_v king_n to_o the_o eastern_a nation_n and_o invest_v herself_o during_o so_o many_o age_n with_o sovereign_a power_n be_v never_o the_o subject_a but_o always_o the_o rival_n of_o that_o ambitious_a republic_n these_o be_v the_o prince_n call_v the_o arsacide_n from_o the_o name_n of_o their_o illustrious_a founder_n who_o create_v so_o much_o trouble_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o abate_v their_o pride_n by_o the_o
exploit_n in_o their_o other_o action_n but_o in_o many_o thing_n will_v discover_v that_o they_o be_v taint_v with_o the_o low_a opinion_n and_o error_n of_o vulgar_a soul_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o be_v raise_v not_o by_o their_o virtue_n but_o their_o fortune_n in_o short_a there_o will_v many_o occasion_n happen_v where_o their_o weakness_n will_v betray_v their_o dignity_n it_o be_v admiration_n and_o not_o pity_n that_o the_o grandeur_n of_o king_n call_v for_o nothing_o be_v more_o undecent_a than_o to_o shed_v tear_n upon_o a_o throne_n nothing_o be_v so_o contemptible_a as_o a_o pule_a sovereign_n monarch_n ought_v not_o to_o appear_v intimidate_v crest-fallen_a or_o surprise_v they_o shall_v settle_v their_o mind_n in_o such_o a_o fix_a state_n as_o not_o to_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o consolation_n or_o if_o they_o do_v need_v it_o they_o ought_v to_o seek_v for_o it_o as_o one_o once_o say_v in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o a_o prince_n be_v of_o this_o disposition_n he_o render_v his_o life_n true_o easy_a and_o find_v not_o only_o repose_v but_o joy_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o labour_n it_o sweeten_v the_o bitterness_n of_o adventure_n though_o never_o so_o vexatious_a it_o turn_v all_o the_o thorn_n of_o the_o crown_n into_o fragrant_a flower_n i_o think_v it_o my_o duty_n not_o to_o forget_v these_o reflection_n in_o this_o discourse_n although_o it_o be_v design_v particular_o to_o consider_v valour_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o profession_n of_o war_n wherein_o if_o i_o conform_v myself_o to_o our_o modern_a way_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o very_o far_o wander_v from_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o ancient_a moralist_n in_o short_a those_o who_o have_v handle_v valour_n in_o the_o large_a extent_n yet_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o inform_v we_o that_o military_a courage_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o it_o and_o that_o it_o shine_v bright_a above_o all_o in_o the_o occasion_n of_o war_n where_o the_o most_o apparent_a danger_n reign_v rampant_a and_o which_o be_v big_a with_o thing_n most_o capable_a to_o inspire_v fear_n so_o that_o valour_n above_o all_o relate_v to_o war_n as_o war_n do_v to_o fight_v which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o function_n of_o that_o discipline_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v never_o idle_a they_o undergo_v more_o pain_n than_o the_o most_o laborious_a mechanic_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o arrive_v at_o those_o great_a performance_n the_o memory_n and_o footstep_n whereof_o astonish_v we_o at_o this_o day_n but_o they_o labour_v as_o soldier_n not_o as_o mechanic_n and_o never_o quit_v the_o military_a character_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o corbulon_n be_v so_o severe_a that_o he_o punish_v a_o soldier_n with_o death_n because_o he_o be_v carry_v earth_n without_o have_v his_o sword_n on_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o fight_v never_o cease_v until_o the_o military_a oath_n be_v altogether_o break_v whereas_o before_o they_o may_v have_v be_v discharge_v from_o other_o obligation_n to_o understand_v this_o well_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o conge_n or_o dismission_n from_o the_o war_n one_o which_o they_o call_v missio_fw-la and_o that_o permit_v the_o soldier_n total_o to_o quit_v the_o war_n and_o to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o home_n the_o other_o they_o call_v exauctoratio_n which_o dispense_v with_o the_o soldier_n from_o their_o military_a employment_n but_o still_o they_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o the_o army_n those_o who_o have_v this_o sort_n of_o licence_n live_v out_o of_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o live_v after_o what_o manner_n they_o please_v so_o long_o as_o they_o have_v nothing_o actual_o to_o do_v against_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o occasion_n present_v itself_o they_o join_v with_o the_o other_o roman_a soldier_n who_o lodge_v in_o the_o camp_n and_o all_o engage_v together_o in_o the_o battle_n chap._n xxvi_o the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n be_v military_a pleasure_n it_o be_v from_o this_o relation_n that_o valour_n have_v to_o war_n and_o war_n to_o battle_n that_o the_o noble_a game_n have_v in_o all_o time_n be_v the_o representation_n of_o that_o profession_n and_o of_o this_o virtue_n there_o be_v never_o any_o thing_n so_o celebrate_v in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o olympian_a game_n there_o use_v to_o be_v a_o general_a concourse_n of_o all_o greece_n and_o he_o who_o win_v the_o prize_n not_o only_o make_v his_o entrance_n as_o it_o be_v in_o triumph_n into_o the_o town_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v but_o he_o have_v this_o far_a honour_n do_v he_o that_o the_o year_n of_o his_o victory_n bear_v his_o name_n for_o the_o annal_n be_v direct_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o year_n wherein_o such_o a_o one_o be_v victor_n in_o the_o olympic_a game_n it_o happen_v that_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o representation_n of_o valour_n and_o war_n be_v very_o lively_a in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o these_o game_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o after_o they_o be_v end_v there_o appear_v a_o war-horse_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o course_n one_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v observe_v that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o exercise_n of_o wrestle_a always_o go_v before_o that_o of_o run_v because_o wrestle_a represent_v the_o hot_a engagement_n of_o the_o fight_n as_o the_o race_n represent_v the_o pursuit_n the_o roman_n that_o their_o spectacula_fw-la might_n the_o better_o resemble_v war_n will_v have_v they_o all_o to_o be_v dangerous_a and_o bloody_a not_o only_o in_o the_o private_a combat_n of_o the_o gladiator_n but_o also_o in_o those_o they_o call_v the_o naumachy_n which_o be_v the_o representation_n of_o sea-fights_a the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o be_v that_o which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n they_o fill_v a_o immense_a space_n with_o water_n which_o represent_v the_o sea_n and_o cause_v a_o hundred_o ship_n to_o be_v float_v thereon_o which_o be_v man_v with_o twenty_o thousand_o malefactor_n or_o as_o one_o may_v say_v slave_n of_o torment_n this_o multitude_n thus_o condemn_v to_o kill_v one_o another_o may_v have_v be_v capable_a of_o act_v strange_a thing_n have_v they_o once_o turn_v their_o despair_n against_o the_o spectator_n but_o to_o prevent_v such_o a_o attempt_n this_o artificial_a lake_n be_v hem_v in_o with_o another_o army_n and_o over_o those_o troop_n range_v in_o battalion_n sit_v the_o emperor_n and_o his_o courtier_n in_o the_o high_a place_n of_o the_o amphitheatre_n then_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v and_o these_o hundred_o ship_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o fleet_n come_v to_o grapple_v and_o enter_v into_o a_o stiff_a and_o bloody_a engagement_n we_o must_v confess_v these_o sight_n be_v very_o inhuman_a the_o life_n of_o man_n be_v too_o precious_a to_o be_v sport_v away_o and_o to_o be_v sacrifice_v to_o a_o diversion_n prince_n have_v wise_o renounce_v these_o sort_n of_o pleasure_n and_o those_o which_o they_o have_v retain_v be_v pure_o military_a hunt_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o war_n the_o carousel_n tilt_n and_o tournament_n be_v the_o image_n of_o combat_n the_o show_v in_o the_o theatre_n have_v something_o of_o this_o and_o common_o act_v some_o hero_n who_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o valour_n beside_o in_o the_o most_o profound_a peace_n the_o prince_n appear_v in_o the_o equipage_n of_o war_n he_o be_v surround_v with_o his_o troop_n of_o guard_n those_o with_o who_o he_o frequent_o converse_v be_v the_o officer_n which_o command_v they_o they_o exercise_v their_o soldier_n before_o his_o face_n they_o every_o day_n demand_v the_o word_n of_o he_o they_o daily_o render_v he_o a_o account_n of_o their_o function_n and_o entertain_v he_o with_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o what_o relate_v to_o their_o own_o profession_n when_o he_o make_v a_o journey_n it_o be_v rather_o the_o march_n of_o a_o army_n than_o a_o progress_n the_o order_n they_o then_o observe_v be_v not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o military_a discipline_n the_o entry_n which_o he_o make_v into_o the_o town_n be_v like_a to_o the_o intradoe_n of_o a_o conqueror_n they_o salute_v he_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o canon_n and_o whole_a volley_n compliment_v his_o welcome_n they_o erect_v triumphal_a arch_n for_o he_o and_o strew_v his_o way_n with_o palm_n and_o laurel_n thus_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o prince_n continual_o advertise_v he_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v valiant_a insomuch_o that_o if_o he_o fail_v in_o this_o virtue_n he_o can_v take_v no_o pleasure_n in_o any_o thing_n about_o he_o and_o so_o not_o take_v any_o pleasure_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v miserable_a chap._n xxvii_o every_o virtue_n have_v a_o pleasure_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o it_o but_o this_o of_o valour_n be_v the_o most_o sensible_a of_o all_o but_o if_o he_o delight_v in_o the_o