and_o suspicion_n soon_o break_v out_o between_o leicester_n and_o the_o state_n partly_o from_o the_o jealousy_n of_o his_o affect_v a_o absolute_a dominion_n and_o arbitrary_a disposal_n of_o all_o office_n but_o chief_o of_o the_o queen_n intention_n to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o spain_n and_o the_o easy_a loss_n of_o some_o of_o their_o town_n by_o governor_n place_v in_o they_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n increase_v their_o discontent_n notwithstanding_o this_o ill_a intercourse_n the_o queen_n re-assures_a they_o in_o both_o those_o point_n disapprove_v some_o of_o leicester_n proceed_n receive_v franc_fw-la and_o hearty_a assistance_n from_o they_o in_o her_o naval_a preparation_n against_o the_o spaniard_n and_o at_o length_n upon_o the_o disorder_v increase_a between_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o the_o state_n command_v he_o to_o resign_v his_o government_n and_o release_v the_o state_n of_o the_o oath_n they_o have_v take_v to_o obey_v he_o and_o after_o all_o 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invincible_a armada_n have_v end_v in_o smoke_n those_o upon_o france_n in_o event_n the_o most_o contrary_a to_o what_o he_o have_v propose_v and_o instead_o of_o master_v the_o liberty_n and_o break_v the_o stomach_n of_o his_o low-country_n subject_n he_o have_v lose_v seven_o of_o his_o province_n and_o hold_v the_o rest_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o a_o war_n that_o cost_v he_o more_o than_o they_o be_v worth_a he_o have_v make_v late_o a_o peace_n with_o england_n and_o desire_v it_o with_o france_n and_o though_o he_o scorn_v it_o with_o his_o revolt_a subject_n in_o his_o own_o name_n yet_o he_o wish_v it_o in_o another_o and_o be_v unwilling_a to_o entail_v a_o quarrel_n upon_o his_o son_n which_o have_v cross_v his_o fortune_n and_o busy_v his_o thought_n all_o the_o course_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o commit_v these_o two_o design_n to_o the_o management_n of_o archduke_n albert_n with_o the_o stile_n of_o governor_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o low-countries_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o he_o can_v reduce_v the_o province_n to_o their_o old_a subjection_n he_o shall_v govern_v they_o as_o spanish_a dominion_n if_o that_o be_v once_o more_o in_o vain_a attempt_v he_o shall_v by_o a_o marriage_n with_o clara_n isabel_n eugenia_n king_n philip_n belove_a daughter_n receive_v those_o province_n as_o a_o dowry_n and_o become_v the_o prince_n of_o they_o with_o a_o condition_n only_o of_o their_o return_v to_o spain_n in_o case_n of_o isabella_n die_v without_o issue_n king_n philip_n believe_v that_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o natural_a prince_n among_o his_o subject_n that_o the_o birth_n and_o custom_n of_o archduke_n albert_n be_v a_o german_a the_o generous_a and_o oblige_a disposition_n of_o isabel_n may_v gain_v further_o upon_o this_o stubborn_a people_n than_o all_o the_o force_n and_o rigour_n of_o his_o former_a counsel_n and_o at_o the_o worst_a that_o they_o may_v make_v a_o peace_n if_o they_o can_v not_o a_o war_n and_o without_o interess_v the_o honour_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o spanish_a crown_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o determination_n like_o a_o wise_a king_n while_o he_o intend_v nothing_o but_o peace_n he_o make_v preparation_n as_o if_o he_o design_v nothing_o but_o war_n know_v that_o his_o own_o desire_n of_o peace_n will_v signify_v nothing_o unless_o he_o can_v force_v his_o enemy_n to_o desire_v it_o too_o he_o therefore_o send_v the_o archduke_n into_o flanders_n at_o the_o head_n of_o such_o a_o army_n that_o believe_v the_o peace_n with_o france_n must_v be_v the_o first_o in_o order_n and_o make_v way_n for_o either_o the_o war_n or_o peace_n afterward_o in_o the_o low-countries_n he_o march_v into_o france_n and_o take_v amiens_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o picardy_n and_o thereby_o give_v such_o a_o alarm_n to_o the_o french_a court_n as_o they_o little_o expect_v and_o have_v never_o receive_v in_o the_o
with_o commission_n and_o instruction_n from_o the_o duchess_n she_o immediate_o desire_v leave_v of_o the_o king_n to_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o low-countries_n this_o be_v easy_o obtain_v and_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n invest_v in_o the_o government_n with_o power_n never_o give_v before_o to_o any_o governor_n a_o council_n of_o twelve_o be_v erect_v for_o trial_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v against_o the_o king_n authority_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o people_n the_o council_n of_o blood_n great_a number_n be_v condemn_v and_o execute_v by_o sentence_n of_o this_o council_n upon_o account_n of_o the_o late_a insurrection_n more_o by_o that_o of_o the_o inquisition_n against_o the_o parting-advice_n of_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n and_o the_o exclamation_n of_o the_o people_n at_o those_o illegal_a court_n the_o town_n stomach_v the_o breach_n of_o their_o charter_n the_o people_n of_o their_o liberty_n the_o knight_n of_o the_o golden-fleece_n the_o charter_n of_o their_o order_n by_o these_o new_a and_o odious_a court_n of_o judicature_n all_o complain_v of_o the_o disuse_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o introduction_n of_o army_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a the_o king_n be_v constant_a to_o what_o he_o have_v determine_v alva_n be_v in_o his_o nature_n cruel_a and_o inexorable_a the_o new_a army_n be_v fierce_a and_o brave_a and_o desirous_a of_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o a_o rebellion_n in_o the_o country_n the_o people_n be_v enrage_v but_o awe_v and_o unheaded_a all_o be_v seizure_n and_o process_n confiscation_n and_o imprisonment_n blood_n and_o horror_n insolence_n and_o dejection_n punishment_n execute_v and_o meditate_a revenge_n the_o small_a branch_n be_v lop_v off_o apace_o the_o great_a one_o be_v long_o a_o hew_v down_o count_n egmont_n and_o horn_n last_v several_a month_n but_o at_o length_n in_o spite_n of_o all_o their_o service_n to_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o to_o philip_n as_o well_o as_o of_o their_o new_a merit_n in_o the_o quiet_v of_o the_o province_n and_o of_o so_o great_a supplication_n and_o intercession_n as_o be_v make_v in_o their_o favour_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o in_o flanders_n they_o be_v public_o behead_v at_o brussels_n which_o seem_v to_o break_v all_o patience_n in_o the_o people_n and_o by_o their_o end_n to_o give_v those_o commotion_n a_o beginning_n which_o cost_n europe_n so_o much_o blood_n and_o spain_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o low-countrey-province_n after_o the_o process_n of_o egmont_n and_o horn_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n who_o be_v retire_v into_o germany_n be_v summon_v to_o his_o trial_n for_o the_o same_o crime_n of_o which_o the_o other_o have_v be_v accuse_v and_o upon_o his_o not_o appear_v be_v condemn_v proclaim_a traitor_n and_o his_o whole_a estate_n which_o be_v very_o great_a in_o the_o province_n and_o in_o burgundy_n seize_v upon_o as_o forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n the_o prince_n treat_v in_o this_o manner_n while_o he_o be_v quiet_a and_o unarm_v in_o 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fidelity_n of_o the_o province_n he_o be_v at_o length_n force_v to_o break_v up_o his_o army_n and_o to_o retire_v into_o germany_n hereupon_o alva_n return_v in_o triumph_n to_o brussels_n and_o as_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o conquest_n instead_o of_o a_o defence_n cause_v out_o of_o the_o cannon_n take_v from_o lewis_n of_o nassau_n his_o statue_n to_o be_v cast_v in_o brass_n tread_v and_o insult_v upon_o two_o small_a statue_n that_o represent_v the_o two_o estate_n of_o the_o low-countries_n and_o this_o to_o be_v erect_v in_o the_o citadel_n he_o have_v build_v at_o antwerp_n for_o the_o absolute_a subject_n of_o that_o rich_a populous_a and_o mutinous_a town_n nothing_o have_v raise_v great_a indignation_n among_o the_o fleming_n than_o the_o public_a sight_n and_o ostentation_n of_o this_o statue_n and_o the_o more_o because_o they_o know_v the_o boast_n to_o be_v true_a find_v their_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n the_o inheritance_n of_o so_o many_o age_n or_o bounty_n of_o so_o many_o prince_n all_o now_o prostrate_a before_o this_o one_o man_n sword_n and_o will_n who_o from_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o have_v ever_o be_v esteem_v a_o enemy_n of_o their_o nation_n and_o author_n of_o all_o the_o counsel_n for_o the_o absolute_a subdue_a their_o country_n but_o alva_n move_v with_o no_o rumour_n terrify_v with_o no_o threat_n from_o a_o break_a and_o unarmed_a people_n and_o think_v no_o measure_n nor_o form_n be_v any_o more_o necessary_a to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o low-countries_n pretend_v great_a sum_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o pay_n and_o reward_n of_o his_o victorious_a troop_n than_o be_v annual_o grant_v upon_o the_o king_n request_n by_o the_o state_n of_o the_o province_n and_o therefore_o demand_v a_o general_a tax_n of_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o every_o man_n estate_n in_o the_o low-countries_n to_o be_v raise_v at_o once_o and_o for_o the_o future_a the_o twenty_o of_o all_o immovables_n and_o the_o ten_o of_o all_o that_o be_v sold._n the_o state_n with_o much_o reluctancy_n consent_n to_o the_o first_o as_o a_o thing_n that_o end_v at_o once_o but_o refuse_v the_o other_o two_o allege_v the_o poverty_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o trade_n upon_o the_o duke_n persist_v they_o petition_v the_o king_n by_o messenger_n into_o spain_n but_o without_o redress_n draw_v out_o the_o year_n in_o contest_v sometime_o stomachful_a sometime_o humble_a with_o the_o governor_n till_o the_o duke_n impatient_a of_o further_a delay_n cause_v the_o edict_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n to_o be_v publish_v at_o brussels_n the_o people_n refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n begin_v to_o levy_v by_o force_n the_o townsman_n all_o shut_v up_o their_o shop_n the_o people_n in_o the_o country_n forbear_v the_o market_n so_o as_o not_o so_o much_o as_o bread_n or_o meat_n be_v to_o be_v buy_v in_o the_o town_n the_o duke_n be_v enrage_v and_o call_v the_o soldier_n to_o arm_n and_o command_v several_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o refuse_v the_o payment_n to_o be_v hang_v that_o very_a night_n upon_o their_o sign-post_n which_o nothing_o move_v the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o people_n and_o now_o the_o officer_n and_o the_o guard_n be_v ready_a to_o begin_v the_o execution_n when_o news_n come_v to_o town_n of_o the_o take_n of_o the_o briel_n by_o the_o geuss_n and_o of_o the_o expectation_n that_o have_v give_v of_o a_o sudden_a revolt_n in_o the_o province_n of_o holland_n this_o unexpected_a blow_n strike_v the_o duke_n of_o alva_n and_o foresee_v the_o consequence_n of_o it_o because_o he_o know_v the_o stubble_n be_v dry_a and_o now_o he_o find_v the_o fire_n be_v fall_v in_o he_o think_v it_o a_o ill_a time_n to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o tragedy_n in_o brabant_n whilst_o a_o new_a scene_n be_v ready_a in_o holland_n and_o so_o give_v over_o for_o the_o present_a his_o tax_n and_o execution_n apply_v his_o thought_n to_o the_o suppression_n of_o this_o new_a enemy_n that_o break_v in_o upon_o he_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o bottom_n and_o reach_v of_o the_o design_n as_o well_o as_o the_o nature_n and_o strength_n of_o their_o force_n be_v to_o the_o duke_n the_o less_o know_v and_o the_o more_o suspect_v now_o because_o this_o seizure_n of_o the_o briel_n begin_v the_o second_o great_a commotion_n of_o the_o low-countries_n in_o 1570_o and_o that_o which_o indeed_o never_o end_v but_o in_o the_o loss_n of_o those_o province_n where_o the_o death_n of_o the_o spanish_a and_o royal_a government_n give_v life_n to_o a_o new_a commonwealth_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o know_v what_o sort_n of_o man_n and_o by_o what_o accident_n unite_v and_o by_o what_o fear_n or_o hope_n embolden_v be_v the_o first_o author_n of_o this_o adventure_n upon_o brederod_n deliver_v a_o petition_n to_o the_o
italy_n defend_v by_o marius_n under_o that_o of_o huns_n or_o lombard_n visigoth_n goth_n and_o vandal_n conquer_v the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n sack_v rome_n thrice_o in_o a_o small_a compass_n of_o year_n seat_v their_o kingdom_n in_o spain_n and_o africa_n as_o well_o as_o lombardy_n and_o under_o that_o of_o dane_n or_o norman_n possess_v themselves_o of_o england_n a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n and_o even_o of_o naples_n and_o sicily_n how_o i_o say_v these_o nation_n which_o seem_v to_o spawn_n in_o every_o age_n and_o at_o some_o interval_n of_o time_n discharge_v their_o own_o native_a country_n of_o so_o vast_a number_n and_o with_o such_o terror_n to_o the_o world_n shall_v about_o seven_o or_o eight_o hundred_o year_n ago_o leave_v off_o the_o use_n of_o these_o furious_a expedition_n as_o if_o on_o a_o sudden_a they_o shall_v have_v grow_v barren_a or_o tame_v or_o better_o content_v with_o their_o own_o ill_a climate_n but_o i_o suppose_v we_o owe_v this_o benefit_n whole_o to_o the_o growth_n and_o progress_n of_o christianity_n in_o the_o north_n by_o which_o early_a and_o undistinguished_a copulation_n or_o multitude_n of_o wife_n be_v either_o restrain_v or_o abrogate_a by_o the_o same_o mean_n learn_v and_o civility_n get_v foot_v among_o they_o in_o some_o degree_n and_o enclose_v certain_a circuit_n of_o those_o vast_a region_n by_o the_o distinction_n and_o bound_n of_o kingdom_n principality_n or_o commonalty_n man_n begin_v to_o leave_v their_o wild_a life_n spend_v without_o other_o care_n or_o pleasure_n than_o of_o food_n or_o of_o lust_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o ease_n and_o entertainment_n of_o society_n with_o order_n and_o labour_n riches_n begin_v and_o trade_n follow_v and_o these_o make_a way_n for_o luxury_n and_o that_o for_o many_o disease_n or_o ill_a habit_n of_o body_n which_o unknown_a to_o the_o former_a and_o simple_a age_n begin_v to_o shorten_v and_o weaken_v both_o life_n and_o 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in_o who_o all_o the_o seventeen_o province_n come_v to_o be_v unite_v by_o this_o great_a extent_n of_o a_o populous_a country_n and_o the_o mighty_a growth_n of_o trade_n in_o bruges_n gant_n and_o antwerp_n attribute_v by_o comines_n to_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o ease_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n both_o philip_n and_o his_o son_n charles_n the_o hardy_a find_v themselves_o a_o match_n for_o france_n then_o much_o weaken_v as_o well_o by_o the_o late_a war_n of_o england_n as_o the_o faction_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o in_o the_o war_n with_o france_n be_v the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n under_o charles_n and_o maximilian_n of_o austria_n who_o marry_v his_o daughter_n and_o heir_n and_o afterward_o under_o charles_n the_o five_o their_o grandchild_n almost_o constant_o engage_v the_o course_n success_n and_o revolution_n whereof_o be_v common_o know_v philip_n of_o burgundy_n who_o begin_v they_o be_v a_o good_a and_o wise_a prince_n love_v by_o his_o subject_n and_o esteem_v by_o his_o enemy_n and_o take_v his_o measure_n so_o well_o that_o upon_o the_o decline_a of_o the_o english_a greatness_n abroad_o by_o their_o dissension_n at_o home_n he_o end_v his_o quarrel_n in_o france_n by_o a_o peace_n with_o safety_n and_o honour_n so_o that_o he_o take_v no_o pretence_n from_o his_o greatness_n or_o his_o war_n to_o change_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o form_n of_o his_o government_n but_o charles_n the_o hardy_a engage_v more_o rash_o against_o france_n and_o the_o swisser_n begin_v to_o ask_v great_a and_o frequent_a contribution_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o gain_v at_o first_o by_o the_o credit_n of_o his_o father_n government_n and_o his_o own_o great_a design_n but_o spend_v in_o a_o unfortunate_a war_n make_v his_o people_n discontent_v and_o he_o disesteem_v till_o he_o end_v a_o unhappy_a life_n by_o a_o untimely_a death_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o nancy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o maximilian_n several_a german-troop_n be_v bring_v down_o into_o flanders_n for_o their_o defence_n against_o france_n and_o in_o that_o of_o charles_n the_o five_o much_o great_a force_n of_o spaniard_n and_o italian_n upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n a_o thing_n unknown_a to_o the_o low-countrey-man_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o former_a prince_n but_o through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o this_o emperor_n reign_n who_o be_v common_o on_o the_o fortunate_a hand_n his_o greatness_n and_o fame_n increase_a together_o either_o divert_v or_o suppress_v any_o discontent_n of_o his_o subject_n upon_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o payment_n or_o the_o grievance_n of_o so_o many_o foreign_a troop_n among_o they_o beside_o charles_n be_v of_o a_o gentle_a and_o a_o generous_a nature_n and_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v natural_o kind_a and_o easy_a to_o that_o people_n who_o custom_n and_o language_n he_o always_o use_v when_o he_o be_v among_o they_o and_o employ_v all_o their_o great_a man_n in_o the_o charge_n of_o his_o court_n his_o government_n or_o his_o army_n through_o the_o several_a part_n of_o his_o vast_a dominion_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o last_o great_a action_n of_o his_o life_n which_o be_v the_o resignation_n of_o his_o crown_n to_o his_o son_n and_o brother_n he_o leave_v to_o philip_n the_o second_o the_o seventeen_o province_n in_o a_o condition_n as_o peaceable_a and_o as_o loyal_a as_o either_o prince_n or_o subject_n can_v desire_v philip_n the_o second_o come_n to_o the_o possession_n of_o so_o many_o and_o great_a dominion_n about_o the_o year_n 1556_o after_o some_o trial_n of_o good_a and_o ill_a fortune_n in_o the_o war_n with_o france_n which_o be_v leave_v he_o by_o his_o father_n like_o a_o encumbrance_n upon_o a_o great_a estate_n restore_v by_o the_o peace_n of_o cambrey_n not_o only_o the_o quiet_a of_o his_o own_o country_n but_o in_o a_o manner_n of_o all_o christendom_n which_o be_v in_o some_o degree_n or_o other_o engage_v in_o the_o quarrel_n of_o these_o prince_n after_o this_o he_o resolve_v to_o return_v into_o spain_n and_o leave_v the_o low-countries_n under_o a_o subordinate_a government_n which_o have_v be_v till_o charles_n the_o five_o time_n the_o constant_a seat_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o share_v the_o presence_n of_o that_o great_a emperor_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o dominion_n but_o philip_n a_o spaniard_n bear_v receive_v from_o the_o climate_n or_o education_n of_o that_o country_n the_o severeness_n and_o gravity_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o the_o fleming_n call_v reservedness_n and_o pride_n confer_v the_o office_n of_o his_o house_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o council_n and_o confidence_n upon_o spaniard_n and_o thereby_o introduce_v their_o custom_n habit_n and_o language_n into_o the_o court_n of_o flanders_n continue_v after_o the_o peace_n those_o spanish_a and_o italian_a force_n and_o the_o demand_n of_o supply_n from_o the_o state_n which_o the_o war_n have_v make_v necessary_a and_o the_o easy_a support_v he_o soon_o leave_v off_o be_v love_v and_o begin_v to_o be_v fear_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o province_n but_o philip_n the_o second_o think_v it_o not_o agree_v with_o the_o pomp_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n already_o at_o the_o head_n of_o so_o mighty_a dominion_n nor_o with_o his_o design_n of_o a_o yet_o great_a empire_n to_o consider_v the_o discontent_n or_o grievance_n of_o so_o small_a a_o country_n nor_o to_o be_v limit_v by_o their_o ancient_a form_n of_o government_n and_o therefore_o at_o his_o departure_n for_o spain_n and_o substitution_n of_o his_o natural_a sister_n the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n for_o governess_n of_o the_o low-countries_n assist_v by_o the_o ministry_n of_o granvell_n he_o leave_v she_o instruct_v to_o continue_v the_o foreign_a troop_n and_o the_o demand_n of_o money_n from_o the_o state_n for_o their_o support_n which_o be_v now_o by_o a_o long_a course_n of_o war_n grow_v customary_a
that_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o subject_n of_o that_o conference_n and_o that_o soon_o after_o in_o the_o same_o year_n come_v letter_n from_o king_n philip_n to_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n disclaim_v the_o interpretation_n which_o have_v be_v give_v to_o his_o letter_n by_o count_n egmont_n declare_v his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o all_o heretic_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n without_o remission_n that_o the_o emperor_n edict_n and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n shall_v be_v publish_v and_o observe_v and_o command_v that_o the_o utmost_a assistance_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o inquisition_n when_o this_o be_v divulge_v at_o first_o the_o astonishment_n be_v great_a throughout_o their_o province_n but_o that_o soon_o give_v way_n to_o their_o rage_n which_o begin_v to_o appear_v in_o their_o look_n in_o their_o speech_n their_o bold_a meeting_n and_o libel_n and_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o miserable_a spectacle_n of_o so_o many_o execution_n upon_o account_n of_o religion_n the_o constancy_n of_o the_o sufferer_n and_o compassion_n of_o the_o beholder_n conspire_v general_o to_o lessen_v the_o opinion_n of_o gild_n or_o crime_n and_o heighten_v a_o detestation_n of_o the_o punishment_n and_o revenge_n against_o the_o author_n of_o that_o counsel_n of_o who_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n be_v esteem_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1566_o begin_v a_o open_a mutiny_n of_o the_o citizen_n in_o many_o town_n hinder_v execution_n and_o force_v prison_n and_o officer_n and_o this_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o confederacy_n of_o the_o lord_n never_o to_o suffer_v the_o inquisition_n in_o the_o low-countries_n as_o contrary_a to_o all_o law_n both_o sacred_a and_o profane_a and_o exceed_v the_o cruelty_n of_o all_o former_a tyranny_n upon_o which_o all_o resolution_n of_o force_n or_o rigour_n grow_v unsafe_a for_o the_o government_n now_o too_o weak_a for_o such_o a_o revolution_n of_o the_o people_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n brederode_n in_o confidence_n of_o the_o general_a favour_n come_v in_o the_o head_n of_o two_o hundred_o gentleman_n through_o the_o province_n to_o brussels_n and_o in_o bold_a term_n petition_v the_o governess_n for_o abolish_n the_o inquisition_n and_o edict_n about_o religion_n and_o that_o new_a one_o shall_v be_v frame_v by_o a_o convention_n of_o the_o state_n the_o governess_n be_v force_v to_o use_v gentle_a remedy_n to_o so_o violent_a a_o disease_n to_o receive_v the_o petition_n without_o show_n of_o the_o resentment_n she_o have_v at_o heart_n and_o to_o promise_v a_o representation_n of_o their_o desire_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v according_o do_v but_o though_o the_o king_n be_v startle_v with_o such_o consequence_n of_o his_o last_o command_n and_o at_o length_n induce_v to_o recall_v they_o yet_o whether_o by_o the_o slowness_n of_o his_o nature_n or_o the_o form_n of_o the_o spanish_a court_n the_o answer_n come_v too_o late_o and_o as_o all_o his_o former_a concession_n either_o by_o delay_n or_o testimony_n of_o ill-will_n or_o meaning_n in_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o good_a grace_n so_o this_o lose_v absolute_o the_o effect_n and_o come_v into_o the_o low-countries_n when_o all_o be_v in_o flame_n by_o a_o insurrection_n of_o the_o mean_a people_n through_o many_o great_a town_n of_o flanders_n holland_n and_o utrecht_n who_o fall_v violent_o upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o church_n and_o destruction_n of_o image_n with_o a_o thousand_o circumstance_n of_o barbarous_a and_o brutish_a fury_n which_o with_o the_o institution_n of_o consistory_n and_o magistrate_n in_o each_o town_n among_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a profession_n with_o public_a confederacy_n and_o distinction_n and_o private_a contribution_n agree_v upon_o for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o common_a cause_n give_v the_o first_o date_n in_o this_o year_n of_o 1566_o to_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o low-countries_n but_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o rich_a of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o city_n though_o unsatisfied_a with_o the_o government_n yet_o feel_v the_o effect_n and_o abhor_v the_o rage_n of_o popular_a tumult_n as_o the_o worst_a mischief_n that_o can_v befall_v any_o state_n and_o encourage_v by_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o king_n concession_n begin_v to_o unite_v their_o counsel_n and_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o governess_n and_o to_o employ_v themselves_o both_o with_o great_a vigour_n and_o loyalty_n for_o suppress_v the_o late_a insurrection_n that_o have_v seize_v upon_o many_o and_o shake_v most_o of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o count_n egmont_n be_v great_a instrument_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o great_a charge_n one_o be_v governor_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n and_o the_o other_o of_o flanders_n but_o more_o by_o the_o general_a love_n and_o confidence_n of_o the_o people_n till_o by_o the_o reduce_n valenciens_fw-fr maestricht_n and_o the_o burse_n by_o arm_n the_o submission_n of_o antwerp_n and_o other_o town_n the_o defection_n of_o count_n egmont_n from_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o confederate_a lord_n as_o they_o be_v call_v the_o retreat_z of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n into_o germany_n and_o the_o death_n of_o brederode_n with_o the_o news_n and_o preparation_n of_o king_n philip_n sudden_a journey_n into_o the_o low-countries_n as_o well_o as_o the_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n of_o the_o duchess_n in_o govern_v all_o these_o circumstance_n the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o province_n be_v perfect_o restore_v to_o its_o former_a peace_n obedience_n and_o at_o least_o appearance_n of_o loyalty_n king_n philip_n whether_o have_v never_o real_o decree_v his_o journey_n into_o flanders_n or_o divert_v by_o the_o pacification_n of_o the_o province_n and_o apprehension_n of_o the_o moor_n rebel_a in_o spain_n or_o a_o distrust_n of_o his_o son_n prince_n charles_n his_o violent_a passion_n and_o disposition_n or_o the_o expectation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v resolve_v at_o bayonne_n grow_v ripe_a for_o execution_n in_o france_n give_v over_o the_o discourse_n of_o see_v the_o low-countries_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v up_o the_o resolution_n for_o dispatch_v the_o duke_n of_o alva_n thither_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o veterane_n spanish_a and_o italian_a troop_n for_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o governess_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n the_o suppress_n and_o punishment_n of_o all_o who_o have_v be_v author_n or_o fomentor_n of_o the_o late_a sedition_n this_o result_n be_v put_v sudden_o in_o execution_n though_o whole_o against_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n in_o flanders_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o feria_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a minister_n in_o spain_n who_o think_v the_o present_a peace_n of_o the_o province_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v invade_v by_o new_a occasion_n nor_o the_o royal_a authority_n lessen_v by_o be_v make_v a_o party_n in_o a_o war_n upon_o his_o subject_n nor_o a_o minister_n employ_v where_o he_o be_v so_o profess_o both_o hate_v and_o hate_a as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n in_o the_o low-countries_n but_o the_o king_n be_v unmovable_a so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n 1567._o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n arrive_v there_o with_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o the_o best_a spanish_n and_o italian_a soldier_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o choice_a officer_n which_o the_o war_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o or_o philip_n the_o second_o have_v breed_v up_o in_o europe_n which_o with_o two_o thousand_o germane_a the_o duchess_n of_o parma_n have_v raise_v in_o the_o last_o tumult_n and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o so_o old_a and_o renown_a a_o general_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n make_v up_o a_o force_n which_o nothing_o in_o the_o low-countries_n can_v look_v in_o the_o face_n with_o other_o eye_n than_o of_o astonishment_n submission_n or_o despair_n upon_o the_o first_o report_n of_o this_o expedition_n the_o trading-people_n of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n begin_v in_o vast_a number_n to_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o province_n so_o as_o the_o duchess_n write_v to_o the_o king_n that_o in_o few_o day_n above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n have_v leave_v the_o country_n and_o withdraw_v both_o their_o money_n and_o good_n and_o more_o be_v follow_v every_o day_n so_o great_a antipathy_n there_o ever_o appear_v between_o merchant_n and_o soldier_n whilst_o one_o pretend_v to_o be_v safe_a under_o law_n which_o the_o other_o pretend_v shall_v be_v subject_a to_o his_o sword_n and_o his_o will._n and_o upon_o the_o first_o action_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n after_o his_o arrival_n which_o be_v the_o seize_v count_n egmont_n and_o horn_n as_o well_o as_o the_o suspect_a death_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o berghen_n and_o imprisonment_n of_o montigny_n in_o spain_n whither_o some_o month_n before_o they_o have_v be_v send_v
and_o bold_a army_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o torrent_n of_o a_o stubborn_a and_o enrage_a people_n which_o ever_o bear_v all_o down_o before_o it_o till_o it_o come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o different_a channel_n by_o art_n or_o by_o chance_n or_o till_o the_o spring_n which_o be_v the_o humour_n that_o feed_v it_o come_v to_o be_v spend_v or_o dry_v up_o of_o themselves_o the_o foreign_a force_n refuse_v to_o depart_v be_v declare_v rebel_n whereupon_o the_o spanish_a troop_n force_n and_o plunder_v several_a town_n and_o antwerp_n among_o the_o rest_n by_o advantage_n of_o the_o citadel_n with_o equal_a courage_n and_o avarice_n and_o defend_v themselves_o in_o several_a hold_n from_o the_o force_n of_o the_o state_n till_o don_n john_n arrival_n at_o luxenburgh_n the_o only_a town_n of_o the_o province_n where_o he_o think_v himself_o safe_a as_o not_o involve_v in_o the_o defection_n of_o the_o rest_n the_o estate_n refuse_v to_o admit_v he_o without_o his_o accept_n and_o confirm_v the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n which_o at_o length_n he_o do_v by_o leave_n from_o the_o king_n and_o enter_v upon_o the_o government_n with_o the_o dismission_n of_o all_o foreign_a troop_n which_o return_v into_o italy_n but_o soon_o after_o don_n john_n whether_o out_o of_o indignation_n to_o see_v himself_o but_o a_o precarious_a governor_n without_o force_n or_o dependence_n or_o desire_v new_a occasion_n of_o fame_n by_o a_o war_n or_o instruct_v from_o spain_n upon_o new_a counsel_n he_o take_v the_o occasion_n of_o complement_a queen_n margaret_n upon_o her_o journey_n out_o of_o france_n to_o the_o spa_n and_o on_o a_o sudden_a seize_v upon_o the_o castle_n of_o namur_n whereupon_o the_o province_n for_o the_o three_o time_n throw_v off_o their_o obedience_n call_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n to_o brussels_n where_o he_o be_v make_v protector_n of_o brabant_n by_o the_o state_n of_o that_o province_n and_o preparation_n be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n for_o the_o war_n while_o spain_n be_v busy_a to_o form_v new_a army_n and_o draw_v they_o together_o in_o namur_n and_o luxenburgh_n the_o only_a province_n obedient_a to_o that_o crown_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n agree_v to_o elect_v a_o governor_n of_o their_o own_o and_o send_v to_o mathias_n the_o emperor_n brother_n to_o offer_v he_o the_o charge_n at_o this_o time_n begin_v to_o be_v form_v the_o malecontent-party_n in_o the_o low-countries_n which_o though_o agree_n with_o the_o rest_n in_o their_o hatred_n to_o the_o spaniard_n and_o defence_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o law_n yet_o be_v not_o incline_v to_o shake_v off_o their_o allegiance_n to_o their_o prince_n nor_o change_v their_o old_a and_o establish_a religion_n and_o these_o be_v head_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o areschot_n and_o several_a great_a man_n the_o more_o averse_a from_o a_o general_a defection_n by_o emulation_n or_o envy_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n his_o greatness_n who_o be_v now_o grow_v to_o have_v all_o the_o influence_n and_o credit_n in_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o league_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o this_o party_n after_o don_n john_n sudden_a death_n the_o duke_n of_o parma_n succeed_v he_o gainded_z strength_n and_o reputation_n upon_o his_o come_n to_o the_o government_n and_o a_o entrance_n upon_o that_o great_a scene_n of_o glory_n and_o victory_n which_o make_v both_o his_o person_n so_o renown_v and_o the_o time_n of_o his_o government_n signallize_v by_o so_o many_o sieges_n and_o battle_n and_o the_o reduction_n of_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o province_n to_o the_o subjection_n of_o spain_n upon_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o party_n and_o for_o distinction_n from_o they_o who_o pursue_v a_o middle_a and_o dangerous_a council_n be_v at_o length_n to_o become_v a_o accession_n to_o one_o of_o the_o extreme_n the_o seven_o northern_a province_n meet_v by_o their_o deputy_n at_o utrecht_n in_o the_o year_n 1579_o frame_v that_o act_n or_o alliance_n which_o be_v ever_o after_o call_v the_o union_n of_o utrecht_n and_o be_v the_o original_a constitution_n and_o frame_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n which_o have_v since_o be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o the_o world_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n this_o union_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o spaniard_n breach_n of_o the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n and_o new_a invasion_n of_o some_o town_n in_o gelderland_n and_o be_v not_o pretend_v to_o divide_v these_o province_n from_o the_o generality_n nor_o from_o the_o say_a pacification_n but_o to_o strengthen_v and_o pursue_v the_o end_n of_o it_o by_o more_o vigorous_a and_o unite_a counsel_n and_o arms._n the_o chief_a force_n of_o this_o union_n consist_v in_o these_o point_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o instrument_n itself_o the_o seven_o province_n unite_v themselves_o so_o as_o if_o they_o be_v but_o one_o province_n and_o so_o as_o never_o to_o be_v divide_v by_o testament_n donation_n exchange_n sale_n or_o agreement_n reserve_v to_o each_o particular_a province_n and_o city_n all_o privilege_n right_n custom_n and_o statute_n in_o adjudge_v whereof_o or_o difference_n that_o shall_v arise_v between_o any_o of_o the_o province_n the_o rest_n shall_v not_o intermeddle_v further_o than_o to_o intercede_v towards_o a_o agreement_n they_o bind_v themselves_o to_o assist_v one_o another_o with_o life_n and_o fortune_n against_o all_o force_n and_o assault_v make_v upon_o any_o of_o they_o whether_o upon_o pretence_n of_o royal_a majesty_n of_o restore_a catholic_a religion_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o all_o frontier-town_n belong_v to_o the_o union_n if_o old_a to_o be_v fortify_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o province_n where_o they_o lie_v if_o new_a to_o be_v erect_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o generality_n all_o impost_n and_o custom_n from_o three_o month_n to_o three_o month_n to_o be_v offer_v to_o they_o that_o bid_v most_o and_o with_o the_o income_n of_o the_o royal_a majesty_n to_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o common_a defence_n all_o inhabitant_n to_o be_v list_a and_o train_v within_o a_o month_n from_o 18_o to_o 60_o year_n old_a peace_n and_o war_n not_o to_o be_v make_v without_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o province_n other_o case_n that_o concern_v the_o management_n of_o both_o by_o most_o voice_n difference_n that_o shall_v arise_v upon_o the_o first_o between_o the_o province_n to_o be_v submit_v to_o the_o stadtholder_n neighbouring-prince_n lord_n land_n and_o city_n to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o union_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o province_n for_o religion_n those_o of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n to_o act_v in_o it_o as_o seem_v good_a unto_o themselves_o the_o other_o province_n may_v regulate_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o tenor_n establish_v by_o mathias_n or_o else_o as_o they_o shall_v judge_n to_o be_v most_o for_o the_o peace_n and_o welfare_n of_o their_o particular_a province_n provide_v every_o one_o remain_v free_a in_o his_o religion_n and_o no_o man_n be_v examine_v or_o entrap_v for_o that_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o pacification_n of_o ghent_n in_o case_n of_o any_o dissension_n or_o difference_n between_o province_n if_o it_o concern_v one_o in_o particular_a it_o shall_v be_v accommodate_v by_o the_o other_o if_o it_o concern_v all_o in_o general_n by_o the_o stadtholder_n in_o both_o which_o case_n sentence_n to_o be_v pronounce_v within_o a_o month_n and_o without_o appeal_n or_o revision_n the_o state_n to_o be_v hold_v as_o have_v be_v former_o use_v and_o the_o mint_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o province_n interpretation_n of_o these_o article_n to_o remain_v in_o the_o state_n but_o in_o case_n of_o their_o difference_n in_o the_o stadtholder_n they_o bind_v themselves_o to_o fall_v upon_o and_o imprison_v any_o that_o shall_v act_v contrary_a to_o these_o article_n in_o which_o case_n no_o privilege_n nor_o exemption_n to_o be_v valid_a this_o act_n be_v sign_v by_o the_o deputy_n of_o gelderland_n zutphen_n holland_n zealand_n utrecht_n and_o the_o omland_n of_o freeze_v jan._n 23_o 1579_o but_o be_v not_o sign_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n till_o may_n follow_v and_o with_o this_o signification_n judge_v that_o by_o the_o same_o the_o superiority_n and_o authority_n of_o archduke_n mathias_n be_v not_o lessen_v in_o the_o same_o year_n this_o union_n be_v enter_v and_o sign_v by_o the_o city_n of_o ghent_n nimmegue_n arnhem_n leewarden_n with_o some_o particular_a noble_n of_o frizeland_n venlo_n yper_n antwerp_n breda_n and_o bruges_n and_o thus_o these_o province_n become_v a_o commonwealth_n but_o in_o so_o low_a and_o uncertain_a a_o state_n of_o affair_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a motion_n and_o affection_n of_o man_n mind_n the_o different_a end_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o several_a party_n especial_o in_o the_o other_o province_n and_o the_o mighty_a power_n and_o preparation_n of_o
demand_v to_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o right_n and_o power_n of_o they_o that_o give_v it_o be_v use_v by_o the_o first_o count_n only_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n and_o necessity_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n and_o austria_n grow_v to_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o course_n and_o annual_a as_o it_o be_v still_o in_o the_o spanish_a province_n the_o council_n of_o state_n dispose_v of_o all_o sum_n of_o money_n destine_v for_o all_o extraordinary_a affair_n and_o expedite_v the_o order_n for_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o state_n upon_o the_o resolution_n first_o take_v in_o the_o main_a by_o the_o states-general_n the_o order_n must_v be_v sign_v by_o three_o deputy_n of_o several_a province_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o treasurer-general_n and_o then_o register_v in_o the_o chamber_n of_o account_n before_o the_o receiver-general_n pay_v they_o which_o be_v then_o do_v without_o any_o difficulty_n charge_n or_o delay_n every_o province_n raise_v what_o money_n it_o please_v and_o by_o what_o way_n or_o mean_n send_v its_o quota_fw-la or_o share_v of_o the_o general_a charge_n to_o the_o receiver-general_n and_o convert_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o present_a use_n or_o reserve_v it_o for_o the_o future_a occasion_n of_o the_o province_n the_o chamber_n of_o account_n be_v erect_v about_o sixty_o year_n ago_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n to_o examine_v and_o state_n all_o account_n of_o all_o the_o several_a receiver_n to_o control_v and_o register_v the_o order_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n which_o dispose_v of_o the_o finance_n and_o this_o chamber_n be_v compose_v of_o two_o deputy_n from_o each_o province_n who_o be_v change_v every_o three_o year_n beside_o these_o college_n be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o admiralty_n who_o when_o the_o states-general_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n have_v destine_v a_o fleet_n of_o such_o a_o number_n and_o force_v to_o be_v set_v out_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposition_n of_o the_o marine_a affair_n as_o well_o in_o the_o choice_n and_o equipage_n of_o all_o the_o several_a ship_n as_o in_o issue_v the_o money_n allot_v for_o that_o service_n this_o college_n be_v subdivide_v into_o five_o of_o which_o three_o be_v in_o holland_n viz._n one_o in_o amsterdam_n another_o at_o rotterdam_n and_o the_o three_o at_o horn_n the_o four_o be_v at_o middlebourgh_n in_o zealand_n and_o the_o five_o at_o harlinguen_n in_o friezland_n each_o of_o these_o be_v compose_v of_o seven_o deputy_n four_o of_o that_o province_n where_o the_o college_n reside_v and_o three_o name_v by_o the_o other_o province_n the_o admiral_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o vice-admiral_n have_v session_n in_o all_o these_o college_n and_o preside_v when_o he_o be_v present_a they_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n judge_v all_o pirate_n that_o be_v take_v and_o all_o fraud_n or_o negligence_n in_o the_o payment_n or_o collection_n of_o the_o custom_n which_o be_v particular_o affect_v to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o appliable_a to_o no_o other_o use_n this_o fond_a be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o time_n of_o war_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o state_n with_o whatever_o more_o be_v necessary_a from_o other_o fond_n but_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n be_v little_o exhaust_v by_o other_o constant_a charge_n beside_o that_o of_o convoy_n to_o their_o several_a fleet_n of_o merchant_n in_o all_o part_n the_o remainder_n of_o this_o revenue_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o build_n of_o great_a ship_n of_o war_n and_o furnish_v the_o several_a arsenal_n and_o store_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n necessary_a for_o the_o building_n and_o rig_v of_o more_o ship_n than_o can_v be_v need_v by_o the_o course_n of_o a_o long_a war._n so_o soon_o as_o the_o number_n and_o force_v of_o the_o fleet_n design_v for_o any_o expedition_n be_v agree_v by_o the_o states-general_n and_o give_v out_o by_o the_o council_n of_o state_n to_o the_o admiralty_n each_o particular_a college_n furnish_v their_o own_o proportion_n which_o be_v know_v as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o several_a province_n in_o all_o money_n that_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v in_o all_o which_o the_o admiral_n have_v no_o other_o share_n or_o advantage_n beside_o his_o bare_a salary_n and_o his_o proportion_n in_o prize_n that_o be_v take_v the_o captain_n and_o superior_a officer_n of_o each_o squadron_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o several_a college_n the_o number_n of_o man_n appoint_v for_o every_o ship_n after_o which_o each_o captain_n use_v his_o best_a diligence_n and_o credit_n to_o fill_v his_o number_n with_o the_o best_a man_n he_o can_v get_v and_o take_v the_o whole_a care_n and_o charge_n of_o victual_v his_o own_o ship_n for_o the_o time_n intend_v for_o that_o expedition_n and_o signify_v to_o he_o by_o the_o admiralty_n and_o this_o at_o a_o certain_a rate_n of_o so_o much_o a_o man_n and_o by_o the_o good_a or_o ill_a discharge_n of_o his_o trust_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o provide_v surgeon_n medicine_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o health_n of_o the_o man_n each_o captain_n grow_v into_o good_a or_o ill_a credit_n with_o the_o seaman_n and_o by_o their_o report_n with_o the_o admiralty_n upon_o who_o opinion_n and_o esteem_n the_o fortune_n of_o all_o sea-officer_n depend_v so_o as_o in_o all_o their_o expedition_n there_o appear_v rather_o a_o emulation_n among_o the_o particular_a captain_n who_o shall_v treat_v his_o seaman_n best_o in_o these_o point_n and_o employ_v the_o money_n allot_v for_o their_o victual_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n than_o any_o little_a knavish_a practice_n of_o fill_v their_o own_o purse_n by_o keep_v their_o man_n bell_n empty_a or_o force_v they_o to_o corrupt_a unwholesome_a diet_n upon_o which_o and_o upon_o cleanliness_n in_o their_o ship_n the_o health_n of_o many_o people_n crowd_v up_o into_o so_o little_a room_n seem_v chief_o to_o depend_v the_o salary_n of_o all_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o this_o state_n be_v very_o small_a i_o have_v already_o mention_v that_o of_o a_o burgomaster_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o be_v about_o fifty_o pound_n sterling_a a_o year_n that_o of_o their_o vice-admiral_n for_o since_o the_o last_o prince_n of_o orange_n death_n to_o the_o year_n 1670_o there_o have_v be_v no_o admiral_n be_v five_o hundred_o and_o that_o of_o the_o pensioner_n of_o holland_n two_o hundred_o the_o greatness_n of_o this_o state_n seem_v much_o to_o consist_v in_o these_o order_n how_o confuse_v soever_o and_o of_o different_a piece_n they_o may_v seem_v but_o more_o in_o two_o main_a effect_n of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o good_a choice_n of_o the_o officer_n of_o chief_a trust_n in_o the_o city_n province_n and_o state_n and_o the_o great_a simplicity_n and_o modesty_n in_o the_o common_a port_n or_o live_n of_o their_o chief_a minister_n without_o which_o the_o absoluteness_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o each_o town_n and_o the_o immensity_n of_o tax_n throughout_o the_o whole_a state_n will_v never_o be_v endure_v by_o the_o people_n with_o any_o patience_n be_v both_o of_o they_o great_a than_o in_o many_o of_o those_o government_n which_o be_v esteem_v most_o arbitrary_a among_o their_o neighbour_n but_o in_o the_o assembly_n and_o debate_n of_o their_o senate_n every_o man_n ability_n be_v discover_v as_o their_o disposition_n be_v in_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o life_n and_o domestic_a among_o their_o fellow-citizen_n the_o observation_n of_o these_o either_o raise_v or_o suppress_v the_o credit_n of_o particular_a man_n both_o among_o the_o people_n and_o the_o senate_n of_o their_o town_n who_o to_o maintain_v their_o authority_n with_o less_o popular_a envy_n or_o discontent_n give_v much_o to_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o magistrate_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o though_o perhaps_o the_o nation_n general_o be_v not_o wise_a yet_o the_o government_n be_v because_o it_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o nation_n which_o may_v give_v it_o a_o advantage_n over_o many_o other_o where_o ability_n be_v of_o more_o common_a growth_n but_o of_o less_o use_n to_o the_o public_a if_o it_o happen_v that_o neither_o wisdom_n nor_o honesty_n be_v the_o quality_n which_o bring_v man_n to_o the_o management_n of_o state-affair_n as_o they_o usual_o do_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n beside_o though_o these_o people_n who_o be_v natural_o cold_a and_o heavy_a may_v not_o be_v ingenious_a enough_o to_o furnish_v a_o pleasant_a or_o agreeable_a conversation_n yet_o they_o want_v not_o plain_o downright_a sense_n to_o understand_v and_o do_v their_o business_n both_o public_a and_o private_a which_o be_v a_o talon_n very_o different_a from_o the_o other_o and_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o they_o often_o meet_v for_o the_o first_o proceed_v from_o heat_n of_o
another_o chapter_n and_o make_v the_o burgher_n of_o so_o little_a moment_n towards_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o town_n whereas_o in_o the_o famous_a sieges_n of_o harlem_n alemar_n and_o leyden_n they_o have_v make_v such_o brave_a and_o fierce_a defence_n as_o break_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o spanish_a army_n and_o the_o fortune_n of_o their_o affair_n next_o be_v the_o peace_n of_o munster_n which_o have_v leave_v they_o now_o for_o above_o twenty_o year_n too_o secure_a of_o all_o invasion_n or_o enemy_n at_o land_n and_o so_o turn_v their_o whole_a application_n to_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o force_n at_o sea_n which_o have_v be_v since_o exercise_v with_o two_o english_a war_n in_o that_o time_n and_o enliven_v with_o the_o small_a yearly_a expedition_n into_o the_o straits_n against_o the_o algerines_n and_o other_o corsair_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a another_o be_v their_o too_o great_a parsimony_n in_o reform_v so_o many_o of_o their_o best_a foreign_a officer_n and_o 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