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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A04285	Triplici nodo, triplex cuneus. Or An apologie for the Oath of allegiance against the two breues of Pope Paulus Quintus, and the late letter of Cardinal Bellarmine to G. Blackvvel the Arch-priest. Authoritate regiâ.	James I, King of England, 1566-1625.; Paul V, Pope, 1552-1621.; Bellarmino, Roberto Francesco Romolo, Saint, 1542-1621.	1607 (1607)	STC 14400; ESTC S121305	37,662	98

killed or allowed the slaughter of any Prince whatsoeuer whether he were an Heretike an Ethnike or Persecutor But first wherefore doth he here wilfully and of purpose omit the rest of the points mentioned in that Oath for deposing degrading stirring vp of Armes or Rebelling against them which are as well mentioned in that Oath as the killing of them As being all of one consequence against a King no Subiect being so scrupulous as that he will attempt the one and leaue the other vnperformed if he can And yet surely I cannot blame him for passing it ouer since he could not otherwise haue eschewed the direct belying of himselfe in tearmes which he now doeth but in substance and effect For a Bellar. de Rom. Pontif lib. 5. cap. 8. lib. 3 cap. 16. as for the Popes deposing and degrading of Kings hee maketh so braue vaunts and bragges of it in his former Bookes as he could neuer with ciuill honestie haue denyed it here But to returne to the Popes allowing of killing of Kings I know not with what face he can set so stout a denyall vpon it against his owne knowledge How many Emperors did the Pope raise warre against in their owne bowels Who as they were ouercome in battayle were subiect to haue bene killed therein which I hope the Pope could not but haue allowed when hee was so farre inraged at b Platina Cusp●●nus in vita Henrici 4. Henry the fifth for giuing buriall to his fathers dead corps after the Pope had stirred him vp to rebell against his father and procured his ruine But leauing these olde Histories to Bellarmines owne bookes that doe most authentically cite them as I haue already said let vs turne our eyes vpon our owne time and therein remember what a Panegyrik c See the Oration of Sixtus Quintus made in the Consistory vpon the death of Henry the 3. oration was made by the Pope in praise and approbation of the Frier and his fact that murthered King Henry the third of France who was so farre from either being Heretike Ethnike or Persecutor in their account that the said Popes owne wordes in that Oration are That a true Frier had killed a counterfeit Frier And besides that vehement Oration and congratulation for that fact how neere it scaped that the said Frier was not Canonized for that glorious Acte is better knowen to Bellarmine and his followers then to vs here But sure I am if some Cardinals had not beene more wise and circumspect in that errand then the Pope himselfe was the Popes owne Calender of his Saints would haue sufficiently proued Bellarmine a lyar in this case And to drawe yet neerer vnto our selues How many Practises and Attempts were made against the late Queene our Soueraignes life which were directly inioyned to those Traytors by their Confessors and plainly authorized by the Popes allowance For verification whereof there needes no more proofe then that neuer Pope either then or since called any Church-man in question for medling in those Treasonable conspiracies Nay the Cardinals owne S. Sanderus mentioned in his Letter coulde well verifie this trueth if he were aliue and who wil looke his books wil find them filled with no other Doctrine then this And what difference there is betweene the killing or allowing the slaughter of Kings and the stirring vp and approbation of practises to kill them I remit to Bellarmines owne iudgement It may then very clearely appeare how strangely this Authours passion hath made him forget himselfe by implicating himselfe in so strong a Contradiction against his owne knowledge and conscience against the the end that theeues might afterward take it from him l Ecllar de Pont. lib. 4. cap. 3. Peter did not loose that righteousnesse that was in his heart Contrary m Bellar. de Iust lib 2 cap 14. Peters sinne was deadly n Bellar. de Rom. Pontif. lib. 3. cap. 14. Antichrist shall be a Magitian and after the maner of other Magitians shall secretly worship the deuill o Ibid ex senten H●pol Cyrilli cap. 12 eiusd●m libri Contrary He shal not admit of idolatrie he shall hate idoles and reedifie the Temple By the words of p Bellar. lib. 1. de missa cap. 27. Consecration the true and solemne Oblation is made Contrary The q Bellar. de miss lib. 2 cap. 11. Oblation is not made by the wordes but doeth consist in the offering of the thing it selfe r Bellar de anim Christ lib. 4 cap 5 That the ende of the world cannot bee knowen ſ Bellar. de Pont. lib. 3 cap. 17. Contrary After the death of Antichrist there shall bee but fiue and fortie dayes till the end of the world t Bellar. de Pont. lib. 3 cap. 14. That the tenne Kings shal burne the scarlet whore that is Rome u Bellar. ibidem Contrary Antichrist shal hate Rome and fight against it and burne it x Bellar de Pont. lib. 2. cap. 31. The name of vniuersall Bishop may bee vnderstood two wayes One way that he which is said to be vniuersall Bishop may be thought to be the onely Bishop so that all other Bishops are but onely his Vicars Contrary All ordinarie y Bellar. de Pon. lib. 4. cap. 24. Iurisdiction of Bishops doth descend immediatly from the Pope Which few places I haue onely selected amongst many the like that the discreete and iudicious Reader may discerne Ex vngue Leonem For when euer hee is pressed with a weighty Obiection he neuer careth nor remembreth how his Solution and Answere to that may make him gainesay his owne Doctrine in some other places so it serue him for a shift to put off the present storme withall But now to returne to our matter againe Since Popes saith hee haue neuer at any time medled against Kings Wherefore I pray you should onely the King of England bee afraid of that whereof neuer Christian King is or was afraid Was neuer Christian Emperour or King afraid of the Popes How then were these miserable Emperours tost and turmoiled and in the end vtterly ruined by the Popes for proofe whereof I haue already cited Bellarmines owne bookes Was not the a Abbas Vspergen Lam. Scafen Anno 1077. Plat. in vit Greg. 7. Emperour afraid who waited barefooted in the frost snow three dayes at the Popes gate before he could get entrie Was not the b Alfons Ciacou in vit Alex. 3. Geneb Chronol Emperor also afraid who was driuen to lie agroofe on his belly and suffer another Pope to tread vpon his necke And was not another c Ranulph in Polychronicon lib. 7. Emperour afraid who was constrained in like maner to indure a third Pope to beate off from his head the Imperiall Crowne with his foote Was not d Abbas Vsperg Philip afraid being made Emperour against Pope Innocentius the thirds good liking when he brake out into these words Either the Pope

Christian Kingdomes it is altogether idle as all that haue any vnderstanding may easily perceiue For it was neuer heard of from the Churches infancie vntill this day that euer any Pope did command that any Prince though an Heretike though an Ethnike though a Persecuter should be murdered or did approue of the fact when it was done by any other And why I pray you doeth onely the King of England feare that which none of all other the Princes in Christendome either doeth feare or euer did feare But as I sayd these vaine pretexts are but the Trappes and Stratagemes of Sathan Of which kind I could produce not a few out of ancient Stories if I went about to write a booke and not an Epistle One only for example sake I will call to your memory S. Gregorius Nazianzenus in his first Oration against Iulian the Emperour reporteth That he the more easily to beguile the simple Christians did insert the Images of the false gods into the pictures of the Emperor which the Romanes did vse to bow downe vnto with a ciuill kind of reuerence so that no man could doe reuerence to the Emperours picture but withall he must adore the Images of the false gods Whereupon it came to passe that many were deceiued And if there were any that found out the Emperours craft and refused to worship his picture those were most grieuously punished as men that had contemned the Emperour in his Image Some such like thing me thinkes I see in the Oath that is offered to you which is so craftily composed that no man can detest Treason against the King and make profession of his Ciuill subiection but he must be constrayned perfidiously to denie the Primacie of the Apostolike Sea But the seruants of Christ and especially the chiefe Priests of the Lord ought to be so farre from taking an vnlawfull Oath where they may indamage their Faith that they ought to beware that ry the Great hath written in his 42. Epistle of his 11. booke Let not the Reuerence due to the Apostolique Sea bee troubled by any mans presumption for then the state of the members doeth remaine entire when the head of the faith is not bruised by any iniurie Therefore by S. Gregories testimonie when they are busie about disturbing or diminishing or taking away of the Primacie of the Apostolique Sea then are they busie about cutting off the very head of the faith and dissoluing of the state of the whole body and of all the members Which selfe same thing S. Leo doeth confirme in his third Sermon of his Assumption to the Pope-dome when he saith Our Lord had a speciall care of Peter and prayed properly for Peters faith as though the state of others were more stable when their Princes minde was not to be ouercome Whereupon himselfe in his Epistle to the Bishop of Vienna doth not doubt to affirme That he is not partaker of the Diuine Mysterie that dare depart from the soliditie of Peter who also saith That hee who thinketh the Primacie to bee denied to that Sea hee can in no sort lessen the Authoritie of it but by being puft vp with the spirit of pride doeth cast himselfe headlong into hell These and many other of this kinde I am very sure are most familiar to you who besides many other bookes haue diligently read ouer the visible Monarchie of your owne Saunders a most diligent writer and one who hath worthily deserued of the Church of England Neither can you be ignorant that most holy and learned men Iohn Bishop of Rochester and Thomas More within our memorie for this one most weightie head of doctrine ledde the way to Martyrdome to many others to the exceeding glory of the English Nation But I would put you in remembrance that you should take heart and considering the weightinesse of the cause not to trust too much to your owne iudgement neither be wise aboue that is meete to bee wise And if peraduenture your fall haue proceeded not vpon want of consideration but through humane infirmitie and for feare of punishment and imprisonment yet doe not preferre a temporall libertie to the libertie of the glory of the Sonnes of God neither for escaping a light and momentanie tribulation loose an eternall waight world to wonder with me at the committing of so grosse an Errour by so learned a man as that hee should haue pained himselfe to haue set downe so elaborate a Letter for the refutation of a quite mistaken Question For it appeareth that our English Fugitiues of whose inward societie with him he so greatly vaunteth haue so fast hammered in his head the Oath of Supremacie which hath euer bene so great a Scarre vnto them as hee thinking by his Letter to haue refuted the last Oath hath in place thereof onely payd the Oath of Supremacie which was most in his head As a man that being earnestly caried in his thoughts vpon another matter then hee is presently in doing will often name the matter or person hee is thinking of in place of the other thing hee hath at that time in hand For as the Oath of Supremacy was deuised for putting a difference betweene Papists and them of our profession So was this Oath which hee would seeme to impugne The difference betweene the Oath of Supremacie and this of Allegiance ordained for making a difference betweene the Ciuilly obedient Papists and the peruerse Disciples of the Powder-Treason Yet doth all his Letter runne vpon an Inuectiue against the compulsion of Catholikes to denie the authoritie of Saint Peters successors and in place thereof to acknowledge the successors of King Henry the eight For in King Henry the eights time was the Oath of Supremacie first made By him were Thomas Moore and Roffensis put to death partly for refusing of it From his time till now haue all our Princes professing this Religion successiuely in effect mainteined the same And in that Oath only is conteined the Kings absolute power to bee Iudge ouer all persons aswell Ciuill as Ecclesiasticall excluding all forreigne Powers and Potentates to be Iudges within his Dominions Whereas this last made Oath containeth no such matter onely medling with the Ciuill Obedience of Subiects to their Soueraigne in meere Temporall causes And that it may the better appeare that whereas by name hee seemeth to condemne the last Oath yet indeede his whole letter runneth vpon nothing but vpon the some other authority of the Church and Sea of Rome yet by other meanes with others helpe he may depose our King That the Pope may dispose of his Maiesties Kingdomes and Dominions That the Pope may giue authoritie to some Forrein Prince to inuade his Maiesties Dominions That the Pope may discharge his Subiects of their Allegiance and Obedience to his Maiestie That the Pope may giue Licence to one or more of his Maiesties Subiects to beare Armes against his Maiestie That the Pope may giue leaue to the King his Subiects to offer violence

against a vanishing shadow It cannot be denied in deede that many seruants of CHRIST as well Priests as others haue endured constantly all sortes of Torments and Death for the profession of CHRIST And therefore to all such his examples as he bringeth in for verifying the same I neede not to giue him any other answere saue onely to remember him that he playeth the part of a Sophister in all these his Examples of the constancie of Martyrs euer taking Controuer sum pro confesso as if this our case were of the same nature But yet that the Reader may the better discouer not only how vnaptly his Similitudes are applied but likewise how dishonestly he vseth himselfe in all his citations I haue thought good to set downe the very places themselues cited by him together with a short deduction of the true state of those particular Cases whereby how little these Examples can touch our Case nay by the contrary how rightly their true sense may bee vsed as our owne weapons to be throwen backe vpon him that alleadgeth them shall easily appeare And first for a 2. Macchabees cap. 6. vers 18. Eleazar If the Arch-priest his ground of refusing his Maiesties Oath were as good as Eleazars was to forbeare to eate the Swines An answere to the Cardinals example of Eleazar flesh it might not vnfitly be applied by the Cardinall to this purpose For as Eleazar was a principall Scribe so is he a principall Priest As Eleazars example had a great force in it to animate the yonger Scribes to keepe the Lawe or in his colourable eating it to haue taught them to dissemble So hath the Arch-priests either to make the inferiour Priests to take the Oath or to refuse it but the ground fayling the building cannot stand For what example is there in all the Scripture in which disobedience to the Oath of the King or want of allegiance is allowed If the Cardinall would remember that when the Church maketh a law suppose to forbid flesh on certaine daies he that refuseth to obey it in curreth the iust censure of the Church If a man then ought to dye rather then to breake the least of Gods Ceremoniall Laws and to pine and starue his body rather then to violate the Church his positiue law Will hee not giue leaue to a man to redeeme his soule from sinne and to keepe his body from punishment by keeping the Kings politique lawe and by giuing good example in his person raise vp a good opinion in his Maiestie of like Allegiance in the inferiours of his order This application as I take it would haue better fitted this example But let mee remember the Cardinall of another a 1. Sam. 14. 24. Oath inioyned by a King to his people wherby he indangered his owne life and hazarded the safety of the whole armie when he made the people sweare in the morning not to taste of any meate vntill night which oath hee exacted so strictly That his eldest sonne and heire apparant Ionathan for breaking of it by taking a litle honie though he heard not when the King gaue it had well nigh died for it And shall an oath giuen vpon so vrgent an occasion as this was for the apparant safetie of the King and his posterity forbidding his people to drinke so deepely in the bitter cup of Antichristian fornications but that they may keepe so much hony in their hearts as may argue them still espoused to their Soueraigne in the maine knot of true allegiance Shal this law I say by him bee condemned to hell for a stratageme of Sathan I say no more but Gods lot in that oath of Sauls and his verdict vpon this Oath of our Kings seeme not to be cast out of one lap Now to his example of b Theodoret lib. 4. cap. 19. Basill which is as hee saith so fit for his purpose First I must obserue that if the Cardinall would An answere to the Card. example of S. Basil leaue a common and ordinarie tricke of his in all his citations which is to take what makes for him and leaue out what makes against him and cite the authours sense as well as his sentence wee should not be so much troubled with answering the Ancients which he alleadgeth To instance it in this very place If he had continued his allegation one line further hee should haue found this place out of Theodoret of more force to haue mooued Blackwell to take the Oath then to haue disswaded him from it For in the very next words it followeth Imperatoris quidem amicitiam magni se pendere cum pietate quâ remotâ perniciosum esse dicere But that it may appeare whether of vs haue greatest right to this place I will in few wordes shew the authors drift The Emperour Valens being an Arrian at the perswasion of his wife when hee had depriued all the Churches of their Pastors came to Caesarea where Saint a Theodoret lib. 4. cap. 19. Basill was then Bishop who as the Story reporteth was accounted the Light of the world Before he came he sent his a Modestus as Nazian vpon the death of Basill cals him in his Orat. Deputie to worke it that Saint Basill should hold fellowship with Eudoxius which b Looke cap. 12. ciusdem libri Eudoxius was Bishop of Constantinople and the principall of the Arrian Faction or if he would not that hee should put him to banishment Now when the Emperours Deputie came to Caesarea he sent for Basill intreated him honourably spake pleasingly vnto him desired he would giue way to the time neither that he would hazard the good of so many Churches tenui exquisitione Dogmatis promised him the Emperours fauour and himselfe to be Mediator for his good But Saint Basill answered These intising speeches were fit to be vsed to children that vse to gape after such things But for them that were throughly instructed in Gods word they could neuer suffer any syllable thereof to be corrupted Nay if neede required they would for the maintenance thereof refuse no kinde of death Indeede the loue of the Emperour ought to be greatly esteemed with Pietie But Pietie taken away it was pernicious This is the trueth of the Story Now compare the case of Basill with the Arch-priests For otherwise so Orthodoxe a King ought not to be compared with so Arrian an Heretike Basill was solicited to become an Arrian The Arch-priest not once touched for any Article of Faith Basill would haue obeyed the Emperour but that the word of GOD forbade him This man is willed to obey because the word of GOD commandeth him Basill highly esteemed the Emperours fauour if it might haue stood with pietie The Arch-priest is exhorted to reiect it though it stand with true godlinesse in deede to embrace it But that hee may The Card. assimilating of the Archpr. case to S. Peters and Marcellinus considered lay load vpon the Arch-priest it is not

in all matters appertaining to Faith and Religion that if they shall continue in a fault against Christian Religion after one or two admonitions obstinately for that cause they may and ought to bee deposed by the Bishops from all the Authority they hold amongst Christians f Ibidem Bishops are set ouer Imperiall Kingdomes if those Kingdomes do submit themselues to the Faith of CHRIST We doe constantly g Sand. de clau Dauid lib. 5. cap. 2. affirme That all Secular power whether Regall or any other is of Men. The h Ibidem Anoynting which is powred vpon the head of the King by the Priest doeth declare that he is inferiour to the Priest It is altogether against the will of i Sand. de clau Dauid lib. 5. cap. 4. CHRIST that Christian Kings should haue Supremacy in the Church And whereas for the Crowne and conclusion of all his examples he reckoneth his The Card. paire of Martyrs weighed two English Martyrs Moore and Roffensis who died for that one most weightie head of Doctrine as he alleadgeth refusing the Oath of Supremacie I must tell him that he hath not bene well informed in some materiall points which doe very neerely concerne his two said Martyrs For it is cleare and apparantly to be proued by diuers Records That they were both of them committed to the Tower about a yeere before either of them was called in question vpon their liues for the Popes Supremacy And that partly for their backwardnesse in the point of the establishment of the Kings Succession whereunto the whole Realme had subscribed and partly for that one of them to wit Fisher had had his hand in the matter of the holy a Called Anna Burton See the Act of Parliament maid of Kent he being for his concealement of that false Prophets abuse found guilty of Misprision of Treason And as these were the principall causes of their Imprisonment the King resting secure of his Supremacy as the Realme stood then affected but especially troubled for setling the Crowne vpon the Issue of his second Marriage So was it easily to be conceiued that being thereupon discontented their humors were thereby made apt to drawe them by degrees to further opposition against the King and his Authority as indeed it fell out For in the time of their being in prison the Kings lawfull Authoritie in cases Ecclesiasticall being published and promulged as well by a generall Decree of the Clergie in their Synode as by an Acte of Parliament made thereupon they behaued themselues so peeuishly therein as the old coales of the Kings anger being thereby raked vp of new they were againe brought in question as well for this one most weightie head of Doctrine of the Pope his Supremacie as for the matter of the Kings marriage and Succession as by the confession of one of themselues euen Thomas Moore is euident For being condemned hee vsed these words at the Barre before the Lords Non ignoro cur me morti adiudicaueritis videlicet ob id quod nunquam voluerim assentire in Hist aliquot Martyrum nostri seculi Anno 1550. negotio Matrimonij Regis That is I am not ignorant why you haue adiudged me to death to wit for that I would neuer consent in the businesse of the new marriage of the King By which his owne confession it is plaine that this great Martyr himselfe tooke the cause of his owne death to be onely for his being refractary to the King in this said matter of Marriage and Succession which is but a very fleshly cause of Martyrdom as I conceiue And as for Roffensis his fellow Martyr who could haue bene content to haue taken the oath of the Kings Supremacy with a certaine modification which Moore refused as his imprisonment was neither only nor principally for the cause of Supremacy so dyed he but a halting and a singular Martyr or witnes for that most waightie head of doctrine the whole Church of England going at that time in one current and streame as it were against him in that Argument diuers of them being of farre greater reputation for learning and sound iudgement then euer he was So as in this point we may well arme our selues with the Cardinals owne reason where he giueth amongst other notes of the true Church Vniuersality for one we hauing the generall and Catholike conclusion of the whole Church of England on our side in this case as appeareth by their booke set out by the whole Conuocation of England called The Institution of a Christian man the same matter being likewise very learnedly handled by diuers particular learned men of our Church as by Steuen Gardiner in his booke De vera Obedientia with a Preface of Bishop Boners adioyned to it De summo absoluto Regis imperio published by Master Bekinsaw De vera differentia Regiae Potestatis Ecclesiae Bishop Tonstals Sermon Bishop Longlands Sermon the letter of Tonstall to Cardinall Poole and diuers other both in English and Latine And if the bitternesse of Fishers discontentment had not bin fed with his daily ambitious expectation of the Cardinals hat which came so neere as Calis before he lost his head to fill it with I haue great reason to doubt if hee would haue constantly perseuered in induring his Martyrdome for that one most waightie head of doctrine And surely these two Captaines and ringleaders to Martyrdome were but ill followed by the rest of their countrymen for I can neuer reade of any after them being of any great account and that not many that euer sealed that waightie head of doctrine with their blood in England So as the true causes of their first falling in trouble whereof I haue already made mention being rightly considered vpon the one part and vpon the other the scant number of witnesses that with their blood sealed a point so greatly accounted of by our Cardinall there can but small glory redound thereby to our English Nation these only two Enoch and Elias seruing for witnesses against our Antichristian doctrine And I am sure the Supremacy of Kings The supremacie of Kings sufficiently warranted by the Scriptures may and will euer be better maintained by the word of God which must euer be the true rule to discerne all waightie heads of doctrine by to be the true and proper office of Christian Kings in their owne Dominions then he will be euer able to maintaine his annihilating Kings and their Authorities together with his base and vnreuerend speeches of them wherewith both his former great Volumes and his late Bookes against Venice are filled In the old Testament Kings were directly a 2. Chron. 19. 4. Gouernours ouer the Church within their Dominions b 2. Sam. 5. 6. purged their corruptions reformed their abuses brought the c 1. Chron. 13. 12. Arke to her resting place the King e 2. Sam. 6. 16 dauncing before it f 1. Chro. 28. 6. built the