rob_v of_o church_n rob_v of_o person_n in_o their_o house_n or_o upon_o the_o highway_n wilful_a burn_a of_o house_n or_o barn_n with_o corn_n or_o accessary_n before_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v from_o henceforth_o admit_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o clergy_n but_o suffer_v death_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v no_o clerk_n it_o seem_v all_o that_o be_v that_o be_v as_o many_o as_o the_o ordinary_a then_o esteem_v so_o clerk_n although_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n petty_a treason_n and_o felony_n suffer_v not_o death_n so_o great_a favour_n and_o immunity_n have_v they_o in_o those_o time_n for_o such_o bloody_a and_o cry_a sin_n so_o prevalent_a be_v the_o clergy_n and_o those_o within_o holy_a order_n in_o those_o day_n that_o this_o very_a act_n of_o parliament_n that_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o other_o that_o commit_v murder_n burglary_n and_o robbery_n and_o other_o offence_n beforenamed_n except_v all_o within_o holy_a order_n order_n from_o the_o same_o pain_n and_o danger_n other_o person_n must_v suffer_v for_o the_o same_o offence_n which_o freedom_n and_o indulgence_n continue_v to_o they_o in_o holy_a order_n as_o they_o call_v it_o until_o the_o 28_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o which_o provide_v that_o they_o within_o holy_a order_n as_o to_o such_o and_o other_o offence_n 1187._o shall_v be_v under_o the_o same_o pain_n and_o danger_n that_o other_o be_v now_o this_o statute_n make_v none_o of_o the_o former_a offence_n felony_n or_o murder_n that_o be_v not_o so_o before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n but_o only_o take_v from_o they_o that_o commit_v any_o of_o these_o offence_n the_o benefit_n of_o their_o clergy_n certain_o there_o want_v not_o those_o that_o commit_v wilful_a murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a as_o we_o now_o distinguish_v it_o before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o those_o that_o commit_v sacrilege_n rob_v person_n in_o their_o house_n and_o upon_o the_o highway_n wilful_o fire_v house_n and_o barn_n with_o corn_n and_o be_v abettor_n to_o the_o say_a offence_n so_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o this_o statute_n make_v no_o alteration_n as_o to_o the_o draw_v and_o pen_v of_o indictment_n of_o murder_n sacrilege_n robbery_n burglary_n etc._n etc._n but_o only_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o every_o person_n who_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n be_v after_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n for_o any_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a offence_n so_o that_o according_a as_o the_o indictment_n of_o murder_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n so_o must_v it_o be_v after_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n wilful_a murder_n in_o the_o statute_n 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o and_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 23._o of_o the_o same_o king_n comprehend_v as_o well_o that_o which_o we_o call_v manslaughter_n and_o every_o kill_a where_o the_o will_n of_o man_n be_v free_o engage_v as_o it_o do_v wilful_a murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a compare_v they_o together_o in_o the_o one_o you_o will_v find_v clergy_n take_v away_o for_o wilful_a murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a and_o sanctuary_n from_o wilful_a murder_n and_o general_o such_o offence_n as_o be_v prohibit_v sanctuary_n by_o former_a statute_n be_v now_o prohibit_v clergy_n by_o late_a statute_n the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la &_o murdravit_fw-la which_o now_o make_v all_o this_o contest_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n in_o any_o case_n of_o murder_n neither_o aggravate_v nor_o extenuate_v the_o offence_n make_v it_o neither_o more_o nor_o less_o penal_a but_o since_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n those_o word_n be_v make_v necessary_a in_o all_o indictment_n and_o conviction_n of_o murder_n and_o principal_o and_o only_o in_o case_n of_o wilful_a murder_n to_o be_v consider_v and_o weigh_v by_o the_o court_n and_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n upon_o hear_v and_o debate_v the_o matter_n with_o all_o its_o circumstance_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o on_o both_o side_n those_o word_n be_v matter_n of_o law_n mix_v with_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expunge_v by_o a_o grand_a jury_n because_o they_o can_v afterward_o be_v supply_v nor_o employ_v by_o the_o court_n and_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n after_o the_o arraignment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n shall_v there_o appear_v upon_o trial_n never_o so_o great_a cause_n yet_o felonicè_fw-la and_o some_o other_o word_n though_o material_a may_v be_v supply_v in_o a_o special_a verdict_n if_o upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o murder_n quod_fw-la felonicè_fw-la percussit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o jury_n find_v percussit_fw-la tantum_fw-la yet_o the_o verdict_n be_v good_a for_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n be_v to_o resolve_v upon_o the_o special_a matter_n whether_o it_o be_v felonicè_fw-la 69._o etc._n etc._n or_o not_o coke_n lib._n 9_o 69._o and_o if_o the_o court_n adjudge_v it_o murder_n than_o the_o juror_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o their_o verdict_n find_v he_o guilty_a of_o the_o murder_n contain_v in_o the_o indictment_n and_o to_o show_v the_o power_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o indeed_o shall_v have_v the_o full_a and_o high_a charge_n can_v be_v lay_v against_o the_o prisoner_n for_o the_o offence_n he_o be_v to_o be_v try_v if_o a._n be_v appeal_v or_o indict_v of_o murder_n viz._n that_o he_o of_o malice_n prepense_a kill_v b._n a_o plead_v that_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la yet_o the_o jury_n may_v find_v a_o guilty_a of_o manslaughter_n without_o malice_n prepense_a because_o the_o kill_n of_o a._n be_v the_o matter_n and_o malice_n prepense_a be_v but_o a_o circumstance_n 101_o blow_n com._n 101._o and_o general_o where_o modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la be_v not_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o issue_n but_o word_n of_o form_n there_o it_o suffice_v although_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o find_v the_o precise_a issue_n 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o 19_o the_o first_o statute_n that_o i_o find_v these_o word_n mention_v in_o of_o malice_n prepense_a 14._o be_v the_o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o where_o it_o be_v say_v if_o any_o person_n for_o any_o petty_a treason_n murder_n or_o felony_n have_v obtain_v the_o king_n pardon_n or_o be_v otherwise_o discharge_v out_o of_o sanctuary_n and_o afterward_o commit_v another_o petty_a treason_n felony_n or_o manslaughter_n by_o chance-medley_o and_o not_o murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a and_o afterward_o take_v sanctuary_n again_o for_o any_o such_o petty_a treason_n felony_n or_o manslaughter_n by_o chance-medley_o the_o same_o person_n shall_v enjoy_v a_o second_o privilege_n of_o sanctuary_n so_o that_o he_o that_o commit_v murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a can_v not_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o sanctuary_n a_o second_o time_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 3._o and_o remedy_n divers_a defect_n that_o be_v in_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o forasmuch_o as_o the_o say_a act_n extend_v only_o to_o such_o person_n as_o be_v find_v guilty_a after_o the_o due_a course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n divers_a and_o great_a robber_n murderer_n burglar_n and_o felon_n do_v commit_v those_o offence_n perceive_v and_o clear_o understand_v by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n unless_o they_o be_v find_v guilty_a after_o the_o due_a course_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o their_o arraignment_n of_o and_o upon_o the_o say_a murder_n and_o felony_n so_o by_o they_o do_v and_o commit_v by_o reason_n whereof_o divers_a of_o the_o say_a person_n upon_o their_o arraignment_n of_o the_o say_a offence_n and_o felony_n upon_o their_o indictment_n against_o they_o will_v stand_v mute_a and_o sometime_o challenge_v peremptory_o over_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o or_o else_o will_v not_o answer_v direct_o to_o the_o same_o indictment_n whereupon_o they_o be_v arraign_v according_a to_o law_n it_o be_v therefore_o provide_v by_o this_o statute_n that_o every_o person_n that_o hereafter_o shall_v he_o indict_v of_o petty_a treason_n wilful_a burn_a of_o house_n murder_n robbery_n or_o burglary_n or_o other_o felony_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n or_o meaning_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o and_o thereupon_o arraign_v and_o do_v stand_v mute_a of_o malice_n or_o froward_a mind_n or_o challenge_v peremptory_o above_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o or_o else_o will_v not_o or_o do_v not_o answer_v direct_o to_o the_o same_o indictment_n and_o felony_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o arraign_v shall_v lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o form_n as_o if_o he_o have_v direct_o plead_v to_o the_o same_o petty_a treason_n murder_n robbery_n or_o other_o
say_v he_o what_o a_o lamentable_a case_n it_o be_v to_o see_v so_o many_o christian_a man_n and_o woman_n strangle_v on_o that_o curse_a tree_n of_o the_o gallow_n plor_fw-la insomuch_o as_o if_o in_o a_o large_a field_n a_o man_n may_v see_v together_o all_o the_o christian_n that_o but_o in_o one_o year_n throughout_o england_n come_v to_o that_o untimely_a and_o ignominious_a death_n if_o there_o be_v any_o spark_n of_o grace_n or_o charity_n in_o he_o it_o will_v make_v his_o heart_n to_o bleed_v for_o pity_n and_o compassion_n i_o myself_o have_v know_v at_o one_o assize_n in_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n where_o one_o have_v have_v judgement_n to_o die_v for_o steal_v a_o horse_n and_o reprieve_v in_o order_n to_o procure_v his_o pardon_n another_o narrow_o acquit_v of_o a_o felony_n and_o make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o gaoler_n to_o be_v the_o common-hangman_n at_o the_o same_o assize_n that_o both_o these_o person_n the_o one_o break_v the_o goal_n the_o other_o have_v his_o liberty_n as_o be_v acquit_v be_v both_o take_v in_o one_o felony_n and_o burglary_n before_o the_o next_o assize_n commit_v to_o the_o goal_n and_o receive_v judgement_n of_o death_n and_o be_v both_o hang_v together_o so_o little_o do_v favour_n terror_n or_o example_n work_v a_o reformation_n upon_o those_o that_o be_v harden_v in_o their_o sin_n and_o want_v grace_n to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o they_o but_o it_o be_v think_v horrible_a and_o grievous_a that_o a_o man_n life_n the_o life_n of_o a_o christian_a or_o any_o of_o the_o member_n of_o his_o body_n shall_v be_v take_v away_o for_o so_o small_a a_o value_n as_o thirteen_o penny_n i_o take_v twelve_o penny_n to_o be_v but_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n for_o which_o he_o shall_v be_v whip_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o ed._n 1._o c._n 15._o 15._o declare_v what_o prisoner_n be_v mainprizable_a or_o barable_a say_v among_o other_o offence_n viz._n or_o for_o larceny_n which_o amount_v not_o above_o the_o value_n of_o twelve_o penny_n nay_o for_o less_o king_n aethelstanes_n law_n begin_v with_o thief_n and_o speak_v thus_o first_o that_o a_o man_n spare_v no_o thief_n who_o be_v in_o the_o manner_n have_v in_o his_o hand_n take_v above_o eight_o penny_n it_o seem_v eight_o penny_n then_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n a_o ram_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n be_v worth_a but_o four_o penny_n that_o which_o be_v heretofore_o sell_v for_o twelve_o penny_n will_v now_o be_v worth_a forty_o shilling_n in_o the_o assize_n of_o bread_n long_o after_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o 51th_o of_o h._n 3._o eight_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n be_v value_v but_o at_o twelve_o penny_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n be_v but_o ten_o penny_n a_o haymaker_n have_v but_o a_o penny_n a_o day_n reaper_n of_o corn_n two_o penny_n a_o acre_n to_o be_v mow_v for_o five_o penny_n thresh_v a_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n or_o rye_n but_o two_o penny_n a_o master-carpenter_n three_o penny_n a_o day_n and_o his_o man_n two_o penny_n a_o free_a mason_n four_o penny_n other_o three_o penny_n their_o boy_n one_o penny_n plasterer_n and_o their_o knave_n so_o name_v in_o the_o act_n the_o same_o manner_n and_o to_o find_v themselves_o meat_n and_o drink_n 3._o see_v the_o statute_n 25_o e._n 3._o c._n 1_o and_o 3._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v the_o 6_o of_o h._n 8._o of_o much_o late_a time_n the_o wage_n of_o a_o bailiff_n of_o husbandry_n be_v but_o sixteen_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n and_o for_o clothing_n he_o five_o shilling_n with_o meat_n and_o drink_n a_o chief_a hind_n or_o shepherd_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o for_o his_o clothing_n five_o shilling_n every_o common_a servant_n sixteen_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n for_o clothing_n four_o shilling_n no_o woman_n servant_n above_o ten_o shilling_n her_o clothing_n four_o shilling_n and_o no_o master_n may_v have_v give_v more_o and_o although_o twelve_o penny_n keep_v not_o the_o old_a rate_n but_o the_o modern_a yet_o thing_n be_v prize_v in_o trial_n of_o life_n far_o below_o their_o worth_n and_o no_o man_n lose_v his_o life_n in_o a_o single_a and_o simple_a felony_n but_o where_o the_o thing_n steal_v rise_v to_o more_o than_o many_o twelve_o pence_n especial_o after_o the_o old_a estimate_n but_o indeed_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o offender_n circumstance_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o of_o the_o time_n be_v main_o considerable_a in_o our_o law_n where_o any_o man_n life_n be_v take_v away_o in_o such_o a_o felony_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o proper_a subject_n and_o to_o manifest_v what_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v in_o case_n of_o blood_n not_o long_o after_o the_o conqueror_n and_o how_o tender_a a_o regard_n the_o law_n of_o england_n answerable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n have_v of_o the_o life_n of_o man_n 383._o by_o a_o canon_n of_o our_o old_a english_a church_n he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o public_a war_n though_o justifiable_a be_v enjoin_v a_o penance_n of_o forty_o day_n 8._o by_o the_o common_a law_n kill_v by_o misadventure_n unaware_o or_o in_o a_o man_n own_o defence_n be_v murder_n found_v upon_o the_o judicial_a law_n before_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n and_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o punishment_n of_o both_o be_v as_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n as_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n and_o gloucester_n the_o forfeiture_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n remain_v as_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n 52_o h._n 3._o 3._o be_v as_o follow_v murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v misfortune_n only_o which_o show_v before_o that_o statute_n though_o a_o man_n be_v kill_v by_o misfortune_n he_o have_v the_o same_o judgement_n in_o law_n as_o for_o murder_n so_o that_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n until_o the_o 6_o of_o edw._n 1._o 1._o writ_n be_v grant_v of_o course_n where_o there_o be_v a_o surmise_n that_o the_o man_n be_v kill_v by_o misfortune_n or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n where_o the_o kill_n be_v not_o felony_n and_o thereupon_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n or_o grace_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o party_n who_o only_o forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o by_o benefit_n of_o that_o pardon_n have_v only_o his_o liberty_n out_o of_o prison_n which_o without_o he_o can_v not_o have_v this_o way_n of_o mercy_n it_o seem_v do_v stretch_v too_o far_o and_o cover_v too_o many_o guilty_a person_n as_o i_o fear_v yet_o it_o do_v under_o her_o wing_n when_o as_o their_o several_a case_n be_v not_o judicial_o examine_v indict_v and_o try_v before_o hand_n by_o a_o grand_a jury_n and_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n before_o a_o learned_a judge_n as_o in_o ordinary_a trial_n of_o criminal_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o many_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n escape_v under_o the_o favourable_a surmise_n of_o a_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la as_o if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n and_o so_o come_v off_o from_o a_o foul_a murder_n by_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n now_o for_o remedy_n in_o this_o case_n come_v the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n the_o word_n of_o which_o statute_n be_v as_o follow_v 9_o the_o king_n command_v that_o no_o writ_n shall_v be_v grant_v out_o of_o chancery_n for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n to_o inquire_v whether_o a_o man_n do_v kill_v another_o by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n without_o felony_n but_o he_o shall_v be_v put_v in_o prison_n until_o the_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n assign_v to_o the_o gaol-delivery_n and_o shall_v put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n before_o they_o for_o good_a and_o evil_n that_o be_v for_o life_n or_o death_n if_o in_o case_n it_o be_v find_v by_o the_o country_n that_o he_o do_v it_o in_o his_o defence_n or_o by_o misfortune_n then_o by_o the_o report_n of_o the_o justice_n to_o the_o king_n the_o king_n shall_v take_v he_o to_o his_o grace_n if_o it_o please_v he_o the_o report_n to_o the_o king_n be_v to_o certify_v the_o record_n into_o the_o chancery_n where_o the_o king_n be_v always_o present_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v a_o pardon_n of_o course_n 15._o stamford_n foe_n 15._o whereas_o the_o king_n own_o hand_n and_o fiat_fw-la be_v to_o other_o pardon_n so_o that_o here_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o he_o that_o will_v be_v acquit_v and_o discharge_v out_o of_o prison_n for_o manslaughter_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la ex_fw-la gratia_n regis_fw-la must_v first_o put_v himself_o super_fw-la patriam_fw-la
upon_o the_o country_n de_fw-fr bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o act_n and_o that_o be_v upon_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o this_o he_o can_v do_v except_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v the_o bill_n of_o indictment_n murder_n or_o manslaughter_n let_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v what_o it_o will_v for_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n shall_v but_o find_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o evidence_n to_o they_o or_o from_o their_o own_o knowledge_n which_o be_v that_o which_o they_o now_o so_o much_o stand_v upon_o that_o be_v the_o very_a special_a matter_n that_o make_v it_o manslaughter_n by_o misfortune_n or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la the_o party_n can_v never_o come_v to_o be_v arraign_v upon_o such_o a_o indictment_n for_o that_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v charge_v with_o it_o the_o grand_a jury_n have_v only_o find_v the_o special_a matter_n in_o the_o indictment_n or_o inquisition_n the_o party_n must_v either_o plead_v guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a either_o confess_v and_o justify_v the_o fact_n or_o deny_v it_o if_o he_o confess_v he_o can_v justify_v it_o for_o man_n life_n be_v so_o precious_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n that_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n can_v be_v justify_v except_o in_o course_n of_o justice_n in_o a_o lawful_a war_n or_o in_o a_o just_a defence_n of_o a_o man_n life_n and_o property_n against_o such_o as_o will_v rob_v or_o design_o murder_v he_o the_o defendant_n in_o appeal_n can_v justify_v the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n at_o his_o own_o suit_n 122._o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la but_o must_v plead_v not_o guilty_a nay_o a_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n 302._o that_o a_o kill_v b_o se_fw-fr defendendo_fw-la or_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la 31._o be_v no_o good_a verdict_n the_o special_a matter_n must_v be_v set_v down_o in_o write_v by_o they_o that_o the_o court_n may_v judge_v the_o kill_v to_o be_v upon_o inevitable_a necessity_n neither_o grand_a jury_n that_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n nor_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n that_o hear_v both_o side_n be_v judge_n in_o this_o case_n 165._o for_o upon_o the_o special_a matter_n find_v by_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n if_o the_o court_n shall_v not_o adjudge_v that_o special_a matter_n good_a in_o law_n to_o acquit_v he_o of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n it_o may_v be_v either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n in_o he_o and_o the_o party_n may_v be_v hang_v notwithstanding_o such_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n how_o can_v the_o court_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o law_n when_o they_o hear_v not_o the_o matter_n in_o fact_n from_o the_o witness_n on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o party_n defence_n for_o himself_o which_o they_o can_v never_o do_v if_o the_o grand_a jury_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o presume_v they_o may_v to_o find_v the_o special_a matter_n themselves_o whereby_o the_o party_n can_v be_v arraign_v that_o so_o he_o may_v put_v himself_o de_fw-mi bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la as_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n beforementioned_a especial_o require_v if_o the_o party_n charge_v with_o such_o a_o indictment_n from_o the_o grand_a jury_n where_o they_o will_v find_v only_o the_o special_a matter_n shall_v confess_v it_o when_o he_o be_v charge_v with_o it_o as_o sure_o he_o may_v than_o the_o evidence_n can_v never_o be_v hear_v in_o court_n whereby_o the_o judge_n may_v determine_v the_o point_n in_o law_n whether_o the_o offence_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n be_v murder_n or_o manslaughter_n or_o as_o they_o find_v it_o and_o that_o be_v mere_a matter_n of_o law_n whether_o super_fw-la totam_fw-la materiam_fw-la of_o the_o evidence_n and_o that_o must_v be_v evidence_n on_o both_o side_n it_o be_v murder_n manslaughter_n in_o general_n manslaughter_n upon_o the_o statute_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la justifiable_a as_o against_o a_o thief_n or_o in_o loco_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la belli_fw-la and_o how_o exceed_o dangerous_a and_o inconvenient_a be_v it_o for_o grand_a juror_n so_o far_o to_o anticipate_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n and_o to_o take_v upon_o themselves_o upon_o the_o hear_n only_o of_o witness_n on_o one_o side_n and_o perhaps_o not_o all_o of_o they_o neither_o the_o sole_a judgement_n of_o law_n in_o all_o these_o case_n by_o not_o find_v the_o indictment_n which_o be_v but_o the_o king_n declaration_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v advise_v by_o the_o king_n council_n ingross_v swear_v in_o court_n and_o deliver_v to_o they_o especial_o for_o that_o be_v always_o intend_v where_o they_o have_v probable_a evidence_n for_o they_o need_v no_o more_o to_o prove_v such_o a_o person_n kill_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o person_n such_o a_o day_n year_n and_o place_n nay_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n they_o must_v either_o find_v the_o indictment_n in_o such_o a_o case_n murder_n for_o all_o indictment_n about_o the_o kill_n of_o a_o man_n be_v so_o before_o that_o statute_n and_o no_o law_n since_o to_o alter_v it_o or_o the_o party_n can_v never_o have_v a_o certiorari_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n for_o his_o pardon_n of_o course_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v discharge_v out_o of_o prison_n for_o by_o the_o strictness_n of_o law_n he_o ought_v to_o remain_v in_o prison_n without_o bail_n until_o his_o pardon_n be_v procure_v which_o pardon_n save_v not_o his_o good_n or_o personal_a estate_n but_o only_o pardon_v his_o offence_n his_o violation_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n which_o be_v violate_v in_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o subject_a according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n and_o procure_v his_o liberty_n and_o discharge_v out_o of_o prison_n the_o word_n contain_v in_o the_o writ_n of_o certiorari_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n in_o order_n to_o the_o obtain_n of_o a_o pardon_n of_o grace_n and_o remove_v the_o record_n into_o chancery_n that_o there_o the_o king_n may_v see_v by_o the_o record_n the_o truth_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n be_v well_o observe_v make_v it_o very_o plain_a that_o the_o special_a matter_n of_o fact_n must_v be_v find_v by_o the_o second_o jury_n the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o which_o be_v so_o suggest_v in_o chancery_n before_o the_o issue_v forth_o of_o such_o writ_n as_o by_o the_o writ_n more_o full_o appear_v chancery_n viz._n quia_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la quòd_fw-la a._n b._n indictatus_fw-la &_o per_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la patriae_fw-la compert_v extitisset_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la a_fw-la interfecit_fw-la predict_v c._n see_v def_n &_o non_fw-la per_fw-la feloniam_fw-la aut_fw-la malitiam_fw-la praecogitat_fw-la unde_fw-la dictus_fw-la a._n gaol_n nostr_n predict_v remiss_a est_fw-la ad_fw-la gratiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la jude_v expectand_v nos_fw-la ea_fw-la de_fw-la causa_fw-la super_fw-la tenor_n record_n &_o process_n inquisitionis_fw-la praed_fw-we certiorari_fw-la volentes_fw-la vobis_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la tunc_fw-la tenor_n record_n pro_fw-la process_n predict_v cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ea_fw-la tangent_fw-la in_o cancel_v nostram_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillis_fw-la vestris_fw-la distincte_n &_o aperte_fw-la mittatis_fw-la observe_v how_o this_o ancient_a writ_n comply_v with_o and_o explain_v the_o statute_n of_o glouc._n in_o this_o case_n here_o be_v in_o it_o indictatus_fw-la that_o be_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n and_o per_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la patriae_fw-la compert_v exâ—itisset_fw-la that_o be_v the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n for_o that_o be_v the_o only_a trial_n in_o our_o law_n by_o the_o country_n per_fw-la patriam_fw-la and_o whoever_o be_v try_v by_o that_o jury_n posuit_fw-la se_fw-la de_fw-fr bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la which_o must_v be_v for_o felony_n and_o murder_n the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o this_o jury_n be_v to_o find_v in_o their_o writ_n that_o it_o be_v se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la &_o non_fw-la per_fw-la fellow_n aut_fw-la malitiam_fw-la praecogitat_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o verdict_n and_o observe_v by_o the_o writ_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v discharge_v out_o of_o gaol_n before_o his_o pardon_n of_o course_n procure_v for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o writ_n gaol_n nostrae_fw-la praed_fw-we remiss_a est_fw-la it_o seem_v he_o be_v there_o before_o ad_fw-la gratiam_fw-la nostr_n inde_fw-la expectand_v etc._n etc._n and_o further_o observe_v the_o mandamus_fw-la in_o this_o writ_n si_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o offence_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o trial_n by_o two_o jury_n then_o certify_v the_o record_n otherwise_o not_o and_o what_o judge_n that_o do_v not_o true_o understand_v this_o si_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la which_o he_o can_v never_o true_o do_v from_o a_o grand_a jury_n will_v certify_v such_o a_o
record_n in_o chancery_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n by_o this_o it_o may_v appear_v to_o all_o that_o be_v rational_a and_o unprejudiced_a that_o have_v not_o former_o assert_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o therefore_o like_o the_o opiniator_n of_o this_o age_n will_v for_o no_o other_o reason_n maintain_v it_o that_o grand_a juror_n be_v not_o lest_o so_o free_a herein_o to_o find_v what_o they_o please_v or_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o strict_o according_a to_o their_o evidence_n as_o the_o gentleman_n of_o these_o latter_a time_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o do_v and_o even_o to_o stand_v upon_o it_o against_o the_o learned_a judge_n themselves_o and_o their_o direction_n and_o advice_n beside_o how_o great_o do_v they_o injure_v the_o party_n accuse_v for_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o no_o high_a a_o offence_n than_o manslaughter_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la and_o the_o grand_a jury_n will_v not_o find_v it_o murder_n whereby_o he_o may_v put_v himself_o as_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n direct_v de_fw-fr bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la he_o can_v never_o by_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n receive_v a_o total_a and_o final_a discharge_n from_o the_o say_a offence_n for_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v indict_v at_o any_o time_n again_o of_o murder_n for_o the_o death_n of_o that_o party_n as_o he_o may_v be_v at_o any_o time_n after_o during_o his_o life_n notwithstanding_o such_o pardon_n where_o it_o be_v not_o find_v murder_n or_o manslaughter_n at_o the_o first_o he_o can_v make_v no_o plea_n to_o such_o indictment_n in_o discharge_n of_o it_o he_o can_v plead_v auter_n foit_n acquit_v or_o convict_v or_o attaint_v of_o the_o same_o offence_n because_o he_o never_o put_v himself_o de_fw-mi bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la upon_o his_o country_n his_o life_n be_v never_o in_o hazard_n for_o it_o whereas_o if_o he_o have_v be_v once_o present_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n for_o murder_n and_o thereupon_o arraign_v receive_v a_o full_a trial_n and_o according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n have_v be_v acquit_v of_o the_o murder_n and_o the_o special_a matter_n of_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la find_v in_o their_o verdict_n which_o by_o the_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o find_v by_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n under_o their_o hand_n that_o the_o judge_n upon_o hear_v the_o whole_a matter_n may_v be_v satisfy_v it_o be_v find_v according_a to_o evidence_n give_v in_o court_n and_o thereupon_o adjudge_v what_o that_o offence_n be_v in_o law_n if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n that_o have_v receive_v such_o a_o full_a trial_n and_o have_v sue_v out_o a_o certiorari_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o that_o have_v have_v the_o special_a matter_n the_o whole_a record_n of_o proceed_n certify_v by_o the_o judge_n before_o who_o the_o record_n remain_v and_o thereupon_o have_v procure_v his_o pardon_n of_o course_n out_o of_o chancery_n such_o person_n can_v never_o be_v call_v in_o question_n again_o for_o the_o same_o offence_n but_o he_o may_v plead_v that_o record_n and_o verdict_n of_o acquittal_n from_o the_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n notwithstanding_o it_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v prove_v afterward_o either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n it_o shall_v discharge_v and_o acquit_v he_o for_o ever_o and_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n as_o in_o this_o case_n ought_v to_o find_v every_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la murder_n notwithstanding_o by_o the_o evidence_n it_o appear_v no_o more_o to_o they_o à _fw-la multo_fw-la fortiori_fw-la they_o ought_v to_o find_v every_o offence_n that_o appear_v to_o they_o upon_o evidence_n to_o be_v but_o manslaughter_n murder_n for_o the_o act._n bill_n of_o indictment_n as_o it_o come_v from_o their_o hand_n be_v but_o the_o king_n declaration_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o which_o the_o prisoner_n may_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o join_v issue_n with_o the_o king_n and_o have_v it_o try_v whether_o he_o be_v guilty_a or_o not_o modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la as_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n or_o may_v confess_v and_o justify_v as_o he_o shall_v find_v cause_n for_o this_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o the_o grand_a jury_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n against_o the_o prisoner_n set_v forth_o a_o act_n do_v vi_n &_o armis_fw-la against_o the_o king_n peace_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n all_o which_o be_v violate_v dishonour_a &_o weaken_v in_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o subject_a in_o the_o shed_n of_o innocent_a blood_n by_o which_o his_o land_n be_v defile_v and_o his_o law_n violate_v and_o this_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n prima_fw-la fancy_n may_v be_v murder_n and_o therefore_o ought_v as_o well_o as_o all_o declaration_n at_o law_n to_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o full_a circumstance_n of_o aggravation_n a_o fact_n of_o blood_n which_o far_o exceed_v all_o other_o fact_n will_v bear_v especial_o in_o lay_v the_o ground_n work_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o charge_n because_o it_o can_v heighten_v or_o increase_v but_o may_v lessen_v and_o decrease_v like_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o full_a to_o its_o low_a wane_n even_o to_o nothing_o upon_o a_o full_a examination_n and_o debate_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n by_o hear_v of_o party_n and_o witness_n on_o both_o side_n and_o receive_v in_o the_o face_n and_o audience_n of_o the_o court_n such_o a_o scrutiny_n and_o narrow_a search_n as_o blood_n require_v into_o all_o circumstance_n and_o aggravation_n of_o the_o offence_n that_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n by_o the_o learned_a judge_n who_o be_v of_o counsel_n as_o well_o for_o the_o prisoner_n as_o the_o king_n and_o must_v not_o let_v the_o prisoner_n suffer_v for_o want_v of_o counsel_n in_o law_n that_o a_o grand_a jury_n can_v possible_o do_v they_o hear_v but_o only_a witness_n on_o one_o side_n and_o not_o the_o prisoner_n beside_o their_o want_n of_o judgement_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n in_o all_o case_n of_o blood_n whereas_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o which_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v to_o put_v out_o of_o the_o indictment_n and_o declaration_n of_o the_o king_n the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la the_o only_a word_n that_o make_v it_o murder_n the_o court_n can_v never_o judicial_o examine_v the_o malice_n which_o be_v common_o a_o secret_a latent_fw-la thing_n carry_v on_o with_o a_o great_a privacy_n and_o cunning_a and_o appear_v not_o in_o all_o case_n of_o murder_n express_v and_o no_o evidence_n can_v prove_v further_o to_o a_o grand_a jury_n whereas_o the_o law_n in_o many_o case_n imply_v a_o malice_n to_o make_v it_o murder_v although_o the_o party_n never_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o each_o other_o before_o which_o lie_v not_o in_o proof_n of_o witness_n but_o arise_v as_o a_o point_n of_o law_n upon_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n which_o not_o a_o grand_a jury_n but_o the_o court_n be_v judge_n of_o be_v matter_n of_o law_n which_o judgement_n in_o law_n be_v whole_o frustrate_v and_o take_v from_o the_o court_n when_o the_o grand_a juror_n put_v out_o these_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la which_o only_o make_v it_o murder_n out_o of_o the_o indictment_n and_o by_o such_o favour_n indulgence_n or_o wilfulness_n in_o grand_a juror_n many_o time_n the_o great_a murder_n escape_v by_o a_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o at_o least_o by_o a_o manslaughter_n for_o if_o the_o grand_a juror_n shall_v only_o find_v it_o manslaughter_n the_o prisoner_n upon_o his_o arraignment_n present_o if_o he_o can_v but_o read_v get_v any_o one_o to_o help_v he_o or_o corrupt_v the_o ordinary_a no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o do_v confess_v the_o indictment_n and_o prevent_v all_o further_a trial_n upon_o that_o offence_n and_o so_o neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o court_n can_v ever_o come_v to_o understand_v although_o there_o be_v twenty_o witness_n against_o the_o prisoner_n what_o evidence_n the_o grand_a jury_n have_v to_o find_v it_o no_o high_o than_o manslaughter_n nor_o shall_v ever_o come_v judicial_o to_o examine_v the_o nature_n quality_n or_o malice_n if_o any_o be_v circumstance_n and_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n although_o in_o itself_o the_o foul_a murder_n that_o can_v be_v as_o my_o own_o above_o forty_o year_n experience_n attend_v the_o crown_n court_n in_o one_o circuit_n under_o many_o learned_a judge_n have_v too_o often_o experience_v together_o with_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o labour_v grand_a juror_n to_o such_o a_o presentment_n and_o contrive_v with_o the_o prisoner_n to_o confess_v the_o manslaughter_n lest_o the_o truth_n and_o foulness_n of_o the_o murder_n shall_v too_o clear_o manifest_v itself_o as_o truth_n ever_o will_v upon_o a_o judicial_a faithful_a
to_o find_v a_o bill_n and_o here_o i_o will_v leave_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o grand_a juror_n what_o i_o find_v in_o mr._n justice_n stamford'_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o which_o he_o himself_o observe_v out_o of_o bracton_n a_o very_a ancient_a and_o learned_a lawyer_n as_o bracton_n order_n in_o case_n of_o suspicion_n upon_o indictment_n of_o felon_n 97._o de_fw-fr secta_fw-la regum_fw-la the_o word_n be_v these_o nunc_fw-la autem_fw-la dicendum_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la indictamentis_fw-la per_fw-la famam_fw-la patriae_fw-la quum_fw-la praesumptionem_fw-la inducunt_fw-la &_o cui_fw-la standum_fw-la est_fw-la donec_fw-la indictatus_fw-la se_fw-la à _fw-la tali_fw-la suspicion_n purgaverit_fw-la ex_fw-la fama_fw-la quidem_fw-la oritur_fw-la suspicio_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la fama_fw-la &_o suspicion_n oritur_fw-la gravis_fw-la praesumptio_fw-la tamen_fw-la probationem_fw-la admittit_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la sive_fw-la purgationem_fw-la suspicio_fw-la quidem_fw-la 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no_o more_o beside_o it_o be_v always_o say_v in_o the_o record_n where_o such_o a_o jury_n find_v a_o verdict_n juratores_fw-la super_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la suum_fw-la dicunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o where_o the_o grand_a jury_n present_a
juratores_fw-la super_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la suum_fw-la praesentant_fw-la not_o dicunt_fw-la there_o be_v as_o much_o difference_n between_o praesentant_fw-la and_o dicunt_fw-la as_o betwixt_o a_o know_a truth_n and_o the_o report_n and_o fame_n of_o a_o fact_n do_v and_o this_o will_v the_o better_o appear_v if_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v what_o grand_a juror_n write_v or_o endorse_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o those_o bill_n they_o find_v for_o though_o they_o endorse_v such_o bill_n billa_z vera_fw-la yet_o they_o never_o endorse_v upon_o those_o bill_n they_o do_v not_o find_v billa_z falsa_fw-la as_o if_o one_o be_v true_a and_o the_o other_o false_a for_o shall_v they_o do_v so_o it_o will_v be_v like_o a_o accusation_n against_o the_o prosecutor_n that_o prefer_v the_o bill_n and_o a_o great_a discouragement_n to_o the_o king_n evidence_n but_o they_o modest_o write_v ignoramus_n which_o signify_v to_o the_o court_n they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o bill_n 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mistake_v happy_o it_o may_v be_v no_o felony_n but_o something_o do_v in_o jest_n or_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o trespass_n or_o a_o natural_a death_n instead_o of_o a_o murder_n or_o the_o witness_n of_o no_o credit_n or_o the_o like_a but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o truth_n in_o the_o bill_n prove_v to_o they_o to_o make_v a_o crime_n although_o not_o so_o full_o as_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o bill_n they_o must_v not_o in_o such_o case_n write_v ignoramus_n as_o if_o they_o know_v nothing_o of_o a_o crime_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o murder_n in_o the_o bill_n and_o the_o proof_n reach_v but_o to_o a_o infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o to_o any_o degree_n of_o unlawful_a kill_n they_o must_v not_o write_v ignoramus_n upon_o the_o bill_n or_o if_o burglary_n and_o the_o proof_n make_v it_o but_o a_o single_a felony_n and_o no_o burglary_n they_o must_v not_o endorse_v it_o ignoramus_n but_o in_o all_o such_o case_n where_o they_o be_v in_o any_o doubt_n the_o best_a way_n for_o they_o will_v be_v to_o advise_v with_o the_o learned_a judge_n to_o move_v the_o court_n for_o direction_n therein_o it_o be_v too_o great_a a_o scandal_n to_o a_o grand_a jury_n person_n in_o that_o quality_n high_o to_o be_v esteem_v to_o say_v that_o their_o ignoramus_n that_o be_v their_o ignorance_n be_v their_o verdict_n it_o be_v very_o safe_a for_o grand_a juror_n before_o they_o find_v a_o ignoramus_n to_o examine_v every_o witness_n produce_v but_o if_o they_o have_v many_o witness_n in_o murder_n or_o felony_n if_o any_o one_o witness_n induce_v a_o strong_a and_o pregnant_a presumption_n it_o be_v enough_o without_o perplex_v themselves_o in_o haste_n of_o business_n they_o need_v not_o examine_v any_o more_o but_z put_z billa_z vera_fw-la unto_o it_o if_o a_o grand_a jury_n find_v upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o murder_n that_o a._n kill_v b._n what_o be_v it_o to_o they_o as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o whether_o it_o be_v murder_n or_o manslaughter_n whether_o it_o be_v do_v exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la in_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la belli_fw-la or_o otherwise_o this_o be_v special_a matter_n and_o special_a matter_n ought_v to_o be_v find_v when_o it_o be_v at_o issue_n by_o another_o jury_n and_o must_v arise_v i_o mean_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o super_fw-la totam_fw-la materiam_fw-la of_o the_o evidence_n or_o proof_n on_o both_o side_n which_o can_v never_o be_v find_v and_o determine_v by_o a_o grand_a jury_n that_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n for_o very_o seldom_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n true_o state_v in_o a_o matter_n of_o difficulty_n by_o one_o side_n and_o therefore_o as_o before_o be_v say_v the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n provide_v that_o every_o manslaughter_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la shall_v be_v find_v per_fw-la patriam_fw-la after_o the_o prisoner_n have_v join_v issue_n with_o the_o king_n and_o put_v himself_o de_fw-mi bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la of_o good_a or_o evil_n that_o be_v either_o for_o his_o acquittal_n or_o conviction_n super_fw-la patriam_fw-la to_o be_v try_v by_o his_o country_n and_o the_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n themselves_o be_v not_o tie_v as_o not_o strict_o to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o indictment_n so_o not_o to_o the_o whole_a matter_n of_o it_o not_o to_o the_o form_n as_o it_o be_v well_o urge_v by_o sergeant_n montague_n reader_n at_o the_o arraignment_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o somerset_n for_o murder_n by_o poison_v of_o sr._n thomas_n overbury_n in_o the_o tower_n who_o tell_v the_o jury_n that_o they_o must_v not_o expect_v visible_a proof_n in_o a_o work_n of_o darkness_n that_o many_o thing_n be_v lay_v in_o a_o indictment_n only_o for_o form_n that_o they_o must_v not_o look_v that_o the_o proof_n shall_v follow_v that_o but_o only_o that_o which_o be_v substantial_a and_o the_o substance_n in_o that_o case_n must_v be_v this_o whether_o my_o lord_n of_o somerset_n procure_v or_o cause_v the_o poison_n of_o sr._n thomas_n overbury_n or_o not_o the_o lord_n coke_n than_o chief_a justice_n and_o other_o judge_n present_a at_o the_o trial_n stand_v up_o and_o say_v the_o law_n be_v clear_a in_o this_o point_n that_o the_o proof_n must_v follow_v the_o substance_n not_o the_o form_n that_o the_o law_n give_v form_n in_o indictment_n but_o substance_n in_o proof_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v speak_v to_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o be_v more_o careful_o to_o look_v into_o circumstance_n and_o form_n because_o their_o error_n be_v incurable_a if_o they_o convict_v a_o man_n to_o lose_v his_o life_n wrongful_o than_o grand_a juror_n be_v and_o i_o can_v but_o further_o observe_v in_o this_o case_n of_o sr._n thomas_n overbury_n that_o which_o i_o will_v have_v all_o grand_a juror_n and_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n observe_v as_o a_o instance_n to_o guide_v they_o in_o other_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n that_o although_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n that_o the_o nine_o of_o may_n anno_fw-la 11_o jac._n regis_fw-la richard_n weston_n who_o be_v procure_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o somerset_n give_v to_o the_o say_v sr._n thomas_n overbury_n a_o poison_n of_o green_a and_o yellow_a colour_n call_v rosacre_n in_o broth_n and_o the_o first_o of_o june_n anno_fw-la 11_o jac._n regis_fw-la supradict_v give_v he_o another_o poison_n call_v white_a arsenic_n and_o that_o the_o ten_o of_o june_n anno_fw-la 11._o supradict_v give_v to_o he_o a_o poison_n call_v mercury_n sublimate_n in_o tart_n and_o the_o fourteen_o day_n of_o september_n anno_fw-la 11._o supradict_v give_v he_o a_o glister_n mix_v with_o poison_n call_v mercury_n sublimate_n ut_fw-la predict_v thomam_fw-la overbury_n magis_fw-la celeriter_fw-la interficeret_fw-la &_o murdraret_n et_fw-la praedictus_fw-la thomas_n overbury_n de_fw-fr separalibus_fw-la venenis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la &_o operationibus_fw-la inde_fw-la a_o praedictis_fw-la separalibus_fw-la temporibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n graviter_fw-la languebat_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la 15._o diem_fw-la decembris_fw-la anno_fw-la 11._o supradict_v quo_fw-la die_fw-la dict_z thomas_n de_fw-fr predict_v separalibus_fw-la venenis_fw-la obiit_fw-la venenatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o albeit_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v or_o can_v appear_v of_o which_o of_o the_o say_a poison_n he_o die_v yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n that_o the_o indictment_n be_v good_a for_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o indictment_n be_v whether_o he_o be_v poison_v or_o not_o and_o it_o appear_v that_o weston_n within_o that_o time_n aforesaid_a have_v give_v unto_o sr._n thomas_n overbury_n divers_a other_o poison_n as_o namely_o the_o powder_n of_o diamond_n cantharides_n lapis_fw-la causticus_n and_o powder_n of_o spider_n and_o aquafortis_n in_o a_o glyster_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o say_a judge_n that_o albeit_o all_o
the_o say_a poison_n be_v not_o contain_v in_o the_o indictment_n yet_o the_o evidence_n of_o give_v they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o indictment_n for_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o indictment_n be_v as_o before_o be_v say_v whether_o he_o be_v poison_v or_o not_o and_o when_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o murder_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n to_o be_v poison_n no_o evidence_n can_v be_v give_v of_o another_o cause_n because_o they_o be_v distinct_a and_o other_o cause_n so_o if_o the_o murder_n be_v lay_v by_o one_o kind_n of_o weapon_n as_o by_o a_o sword_n dagger_n stiletto_n stick_v tobacco-pipe_n knife_n sheers_n or_o other_o like_a weapon_n it_o make_v no_o difference_n the_o evidence_n will_v be_v sufficient_a if_o the_o party_n be_v slay_v by_o any_o of_o these_o because_o they_o be_v all_o under_o one_o classis_fw-la or_o cause_n 67._o and_o afterward_o anne_n turner_n sr._n gervase_n elwys_n and_o richard_n francklyn_n a_o physician_n purveyor_n of_o the_o poison_n be_v indict_v as_o accessary_n before_o the_o fact_n do_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o say_a judge_n that_o either_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o poison_n contain_v in_o the_o indictment_n or_o of_o any_o other_o poison_n although_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o indictment_n be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v they_o accessary_n for_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o indictment_n against_o they_o as_o accessary_n be_v whether_o they_o do_v procure_v weston_n to_o poison_v sr._n thomas_n overbury_n or_o no_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v here_o what_o in_o the_o case_n above_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o lo._n coke_n that_o juror_n be_v not_o to_o expect_v a_o direct_a and_o precise_a proof_n in_o every_o point_n lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n show_v how_o impossible_a it_o be_v to_o convict_v a_o poisoner_n who_o use_v not_o to_o take_v any_o witness_n to_o the_o compose_n of_o his_o slibber-sauce_n neither_o do_v other_o murderer_n to_o the_o contrive_n of_o their_o malice_n and_o manner_n of_o kill_v another_o but_o keep_v the_o fire_n burn_v in_o their_o own_o bosom_n until_o it_o break_v out_o nor_o in_o all_o case_n of_o murder_n be_v it_o material_a that_o express_a malice_n be_v prove_v to_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n though_o they_o be_v to_o convict_v the_o prisoner_n much_o less_o or_o not_o at_o all_o be_v it_o material_a to_o prove_v it_o to_o the_o grand_a jury_n who_o be_v but_o to_o present_v it_o not_o to_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n in_o any_o case_n where_o the_o law_n only_o imply_v it_o for_o such_o proof_n be_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n and_o not_o in_o the_o jury_n which_o the_o jury_n must_v submit_v unto_o and_o be_v overrule_v in_o much_o less_o be_v this_o imply_v malice_n to_o be_v prove_v to_o the_o grand_a jury_n for_o it_o lie_v not_o in_o the_o proof_n of_o witness_n but_o in_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o yet_o the_o grand_a jury_n must_v find_v those_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o they_o be_v prove_v express_o unto_o they_o by_o witness_n or_o otherwise_o the_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n can_v inquire_v of_o the_o offence_n as_o 207._o murder_n and_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n in_o such_o a_o case_n must_v find_v those_o word_n express_o although_o they_o can_v be_v prove_v unto_o they_o but_o be_v only_o imply_v and_o supply_v by_o law_n or_o else_o the_o party_n accuse_v can_v never_o be_v convict_v of_o murder_n as_o may_v be_v instance_a in_o very_a many_o case_n take_v some_o for_o all_o viz._n one_o in_o prison_n kill_v his_o keeper_n and_o make_v a_o escape_n where_o no_o malice_n or_o fall_v out_o can_v be_v prove_v a_o stranger_n or_o other_o person_n kill_v a_o watchman_n constable_n or_o other_o officer_n that_o have_v good_a warrant_n to_o stay_v he_o though_o happy_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n for_o his_o stay_n be_v a_o innocent_a person_n or_o another_o person_n and_o not_o the_o same_o they_o intend_v here_o be_v no_o malice_n yet_o this_o be_v murder_n ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la etc._n etc._n one_o go_v into_o the_o street_n or_o highway_n and_o kill_v the_o first_o man_n he_o meet_v although_o he_o do_v never_o see_v he_o before_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n take_v their_o suck_a child_n and_o dash_v out_o the_o brain_n of_o it_o against_o the_o wall_n two_o person_n be_v fight_v a_o duel_n together_o upon_o cool_a blood_n upon_o premeditate_a malice_n and_o a_o three_o person_n come_v to_o part_v they_o and_o be_v kill_v by_o one_o of_o they_o this_o be_v murder_n ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la in_o he_o that_o kill_v he_o if_o not_o in_o both_o although_o neither_o of_o they_o ever_o see_v he_o before_o and_o yet_o no_o malice_n to_o this_o man_n 13._o one_o wilful_o kick_v or_o wound_v a_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n whereby_o the_o child_n be_v wound_v in_o she_o she_o be_v afterward_o safe_o deliver_v of_o the_o child_n the_o child_n alive_a the_o wound_n or_o bruise_v by_o the_o kick_n or_o blow_v appear_v upon_o the_o child_n mortal_o whereof_o afterward_o it_o die_v this_o be_v murder_n ex_fw-la malit_fw-la praecog_n and_o yet_o what_o malice_n have_v this_o man_n to_o the_o child_n he_o never_o do_v see_v divers_a person_n be_v unlawful_o hunt_v in_o a_o park_n one_o of_o they_o kill_v the_o keeper_n after_o the_o keeper_n have_v due_o according_a to_o his_o office_n admonish_v he_o to_o stand_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n although_o a_o mile_n off_o in_o the_o say_a park_n and_o out_o of_o sight_n be_v guilty_a of_o wilful_a murder_n of_o the_o keeper_n and_o yet_o nothing_o of_o malice_n can_v be_v express_o prove_v one_o be_v shoot_v at_o a_o cock_n or_o a_o hen_n and_o kill_v another_o person_n this_o be_v murder_n his_o act_n be_v unlawful_a one_o find_v a_o gun_n or_o pistol_n charge_v lie_v upon_o a_o table_n or_o other_o place_n take_v it_o up_o into_o his_o hand_n draw_v up_o the_o cock_n not_o think_v it_o to_o be_v charge_v and_o in_o a_o jest_a way_n give_v fire_n at_o one_o in_o the_o room_n the_o gun_n go_v off_o and_o kill_v he_o this_o be_v murder_n he_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o meddle_v with_o the_o gun_n it_o be_v out_o of_o his_o call_v and_o none_o of_o he_o he_o must_v jest_v at_o his_o peril_n a_o drunken-man_n get_v upon_o a_o horse_n which_o a_o sober_a person_n may_v ride_v quiet_o and_o in_o a_o fair_a or_o market_n occasion_n the_o horse_n to_o run_v over_o another_o person_n and_o kill_v he_o this_o be_v murder_n a_o gives_z b_o the_o lie_n with_o many_o other_o provoke_v word_n as_o coward_n thief_n murderer_n whereupon_o b_o strike_v a_o and_o kill_v he_o this_o be_v murder_n ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la etc._n etc._n word_n be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a provocation_n for_o one_o man_n to_o kill_v another_o if_o one_o kill_v another_o without_o any_o provocation_n actual_a of_o the_o part_n of_o he_o that_o be_v slay_v case_n this_o be_v murder_n the_o law_n imply_v malice_n if_o a_o man_n know_v that_o many_o people_n be_v come_v along_o the_o street_n from_o a_o sermon_n 57_o throw_v a_o stone_n over_o a_o wall_n or_o house_n intend_v only_o thereby_o to_o fear_v they_o and_o thereupon_o one_o be_v kill_v with_o the_o stone_n this_o be_v murder_n although_o he_o know_v not_o the_o party_n slay_v if_o a_o assault_n b_o to_z rob_fw-mi he_o and_o in_o resist_v a_o killeth_z b_o this_o be_v murder_n by_o malice_n imply_v although_o he_o never_o know_v he_o if_o one_o meaning_n to_o steal_v a_o deer_n in_o a_o park_n 56._o shoot_v at_o the_o deer_n and_o by_o glance_n of_o the_o arrow_n kill_v a_o boy_n that_o be_v hide_v in_o a_o bush_n this_o be_v murder_n the_o act_n be_v unlawful_a though_o here_o be_v no_o intent_n to_o hurt_v the_o boy_n know_v nothing_o of_o his_o be_v there_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v quick_a with_o child_n 263._o do_v wilful_o with_o a_o potion_n or_o otherwise_o intend_v the_o destruction_n of_o the_o child_n in_o her_o womb_n the_o child_n be_v bear_v alive_a die_v of_o the_o potion_n battery_n or_o other_o cause_n this_o be_v murder_n if_o one_o keep_v a_o mastiff-dog_n that_o be_v use_v to_o bite_v people_n near_o the_o common_a highway_n or_o a_o bull_n or_o beast_n that_o have_v hurt_v any_o one_o after_o notice_n they_o kill_v any_o one_o it_o will_v be_v murder_n in_o the_o owner_n although_o not_o present_a when_o the_o fact_n be_v do_v and_o yet_o in_o this_o and_o the_o other_o precedent_a case_n here_o be_v no_o express_a malice_n to_o be_v prove_v but_o what_o the_o law_n construe_v to_o be_v so_o which_o can_v in_o no_o
practice_n be_v or_o have_v be_v use_v to_o the_o contrary_n i_o conceive_v it_o fit_a to_o be_v better_o consider_v for_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o all_o case_n much_o less_o in_o this_o without_o or_o against_o a_o rule_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o justify_v practice_n by_o practice_n this_o happy_o in_o the_o end_n may_v prove_v a_o common_a thief_n to_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n beside_o observe_v the_o pen_n of_o other_o statute_n and_o that_o will_v give_v a_o clear_a light_n to_o the_o understanding_n of_o these_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 27_o of_o h._n 25._o 8._o c._n 25._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o person_n or_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o degree_n soever_o shall_v have_v power_n or_o authority_n to_o pardon_n or_o remit_v any_o treason_n murder_n manslaughter_n or_o felony_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v etc._n etc._n here_o you_o see_v the_o maker_n of_o this_o law_n mention_v the_o word_n and_o offence_n of_o manslaughter_n in_o terminis_fw-la and_o not_o leave_v it_o to_o be_v understand_v or_o to_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o word_n other_o felony_n though_o it_o be_v most_o comprehensive_o say_v or_o felony_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v so_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o ph._n 13._o &_o mar._n c._n 13._o that_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n one_o being_n of_o the_o quorum_fw-la when_o any_o prisoner_n be_v bring_v before_o they_o for_o any_o manslaughter_n or_o felony_n before_o any_o bailment_n or_o mainprize_n shall_v take_v the_o examination_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o information_n of_o the_o accuser_n and_o certify_v it_o at_o the_o next_o goal-delivery_n etc._n etc._n here_o you_o see_v manslaughter_n and_o felony_n both_o express_v as_o necessary_a several_a time_n in_o the_o act._n so_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 12._o 8._o c._n 12._o that_o direct_v the_o manner_n of_o punish_v of_o offence_n in_o the_o king_n palace_n or_o house_n say_z all_o treason_n misprision_n of_o treason_n murder_n manslaughter_n and_o other_o malicious_a striking_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o divers_a other_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o might_n be_v show_v that_o make_v or_o intend_v any_o provision_n against_o manslaughter_n do_v particular_o name_v the_o word_n manslaughter_n and_o never_o leave_v it_o to_o be_v intend_v or_o include_v in_o the_o word_n felony_n 98._o it_o be_v true_a that_o by_o a_o commission_n grant_v to_o certain_a person_n to_o inquire_v of_o all_o felony_n they_o may_v thereby_o take_v indictment_n of_o murder_n though_o a_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n will_v not_o avail_v he_o who_o have_v commit_v murder_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v 13_o r._n 2._o 1._o and_o the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n make_v to_o the_o judge_n every_o assize_n that_o enable_v they_o to_o inquire_v of_o all_o offence_n have_v these_o express_a word_n in_o it_o and_o of_o whatsoever_o murder_v felony_n manslaughter_n kill_n not_o leave_v manslaughter_n to_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o general_a word_n of_o felony_n or_o kill_n many_o more_o inconvenience_n may_v be_v show_v but_o these_o with_o what_o have_v be_v before_o show_v may_v be_v sufficient_a until_o better_a reason_n appear_v to_o satisfy_v any_o understanding_n grand_a juror_n to_o esteem_v it_o much_o the_o better_a way_n to_o find_v such_o bill_n murder_v rather_o than_o manslaughter_n there_o be_v every_o way_n less_o inconvenience_n in_o it_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n until_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o parliament_n they_o be_v alter_v and_o much_o more_o of_o satisfaction_n and_o safety_n to_o their_o own_o private_a conscience_n that_o stand_v so_o deep_o engage_v to_o discover_v blood-guilty_a person_n and_o to_o suppress_v and_o silence_v the_o cry_n of_o innocent_a blood_n that_o by_o our_o law_n in_o the_o first_o place_n cry_v to_o grand_a juror_n for_o vengeance_n against_o the_o murderer_n and_o manslayer_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o two_o objection_n be_v answer_v that_o happy_o to_o such_o as_o do_v not_o well_o weigh_v and_o consider_v they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v of_o some_o force_n against_o what_o have_v be_v herein_o say_v to_o the_o contrary_a the_o one_o be_v the_o general_a liberty_n and_o constant_a practice_n grand_a juror_n have_v take_v ever_o since_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 1._o 8._o c._n 1._o to_o find_v as_o they_o please_v either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n not_o as_o the_o indictment_n come_v to_o their_o hand_n from_o the_o king_n council_n but_o as_o they_o apprehend_v the_o evidence_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o they_o take_v upon_o themselves_o not_o only_o the_o sole_a judgement_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o what_o the_o law_n be_v that_o arise_v upon_o the_o say_a fact_n take_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n therein_o from_o the_o court_n although_o they_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n and_o put_v in_o and_o put_v out_o what_o they_o please_v in_o such_o indictment_n notwithstanding_o it_o appear_v to_o they_o the_o party_n indict_v be_v guilty_a of_o shed_v innocent_a blood_n vary_v the_o species_n of_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n as_o they_o please_v until_o after_o arraignment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n it_o be_v too_o late_o to_o amend_v it_o as_o i_o have_v often_o know_v the_o other_o objection_n be_v and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o some_o weight_n and_o authority_n in_o law_n against_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n viz._n that_o a_o grand_a jury_n may_v find_v the_o special_a matter_n in_o the_o indictment_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o prisoner_n kill_v the_o other_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o the_o party_n upon_o his_o arraignment_n may_v either_o confess_v or_o estrange_v himself_o from_o the_o fact_n and_o plead_v not_o guilty_a to_o the_o first_o objection_n as_o to_o the_o liberty_n and_o practice_n of_o grand_a juror_n to_o the_o contrary_a so_o long_o use_v i_o answer_v it_o have_v be_v before_o in_o this_o treatise_n sufficient_o make_v out_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o mischief_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n that_o be_v the_o consequence_n of_o such_o practice_n and_o that_o be_v grant_v as_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v i_o suppose_v no_o wise_a man_n will_v think_v that_o the_o long_a practice_n of_o such_o a_o error_n will_v justify_v it_o or_o encourage_v the_o long_a continuance_n of_o it_o in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n and_o in_o so_o high_a and_o tender_a a_o offence_n as_o the_o disquisition_n of_o blood_n be_v although_o in_o inferior_a county_n court_v where_o many_o time_n be_v ignorant_a judge_n and_o mean_a clerk_n and_o in_o ordinary_a offence_n this_o maxim_n may_v hold_v good_a that_o communis_fw-la error_n facit_fw-la jus_fw-la that_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o a_o error_n make_v it_o the_o law_n of_o the_o court_n and_o not_o convenient_a to_o be_v alter_v yet_o i_o have_v never_o observe_v that_o maxim_n to_o take_v place_n in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o kingdom_n before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n justice_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n justice_n of_o goal-delivery_n and_o justice_n of_o assize_n who_o sit_v not_o to_o practise_v but_o to_o correct_v and_o destroy_v error_n of_o all_o kind_n especial_o in_o trial_n of_o man_n life_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o whoever_o shall_v urge_v that_o maxim_n against_o what_o i_o have_v here_o say_v do_v by_o that_o sufficient_o grant_v what_o i_o have_v here_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v viz._n the_o error_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o such_o practice_n which_o ought_v no_o more_o to_o be_v continue_v than_o a_o long_a custom_n when_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v unreasonable_a but_o i_o shall_v never_o allow_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v prove_v that_o there_o have_v be_v in_o this_o kingdom_n such_o liberty_n and_o practice_n allow_v and_o indulge_v by_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a judge_n to_o grand_a juror_n to_o find_v and_o alter_v indictment_n bring_v unto_o they_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n as_o they_o themselves_o please_v and_o judge_v convenient_a they_o be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o not_o the_o judge_n nor_o the_o trier_n but_o presenter_n of_o a_o fact_n of_o blood_n fit_a for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o only_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o none_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v proper_a judge_n of_o any_o fact_n in_o controversy_n that_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n for_o grand_a juror_n hear_v no_o more_o and_o therefore_o ought_v in_o law_n reason_n and_o conscience_n where_o they_o find_v a_o guilty_a person_n that_o have_v have_v his_o hand_n in_o blood_n
and_o unjust_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o another_o person_n to_o leave_v it_o as_o a_o entire_a fact_n of_o murder_n to_o the_o trial_n and_o verdict_n of_o the_o second_o jury_n to_o find_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n upon_o hear_v of_o both_o side_n and_o receive_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n in_o what_o species_n or_o degree_n of_o murder_n it_o be_v which_o likewise_o if_o any_o doubt_n or_o point_n of_o law_n arise_v in_o the_o case_n as_o many_o time_n it_o do_v they_o may_v find_v it_o special_o which_o a_o grand_a jury_n can_v and_o thereupon_o receive_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n murder_n be_v the_o genus_fw-la of_o the_o several_a species_n and_o in_o common_a acceptation_n he_o be_v account_v a_o murderer_n that_o kill_v any_o man_n or_o reasonable_a creature_n unlawful_o and_o the_o commandment_n be_v thou_o shall_v do_v no_o murder_n which_o certain_o comprehend_v all_o unlawful_a kill_n otherwise_o that_o command_n be_v not_o well_o translate_v from_o the_o text_n non_fw-la occides_fw-la thou_o shall_v not_o kill_v and_o in_o my_o own_o experience_n for_o above_o forty_o and_o five_o year_n in_o one_o circuit_n i_o have_v very_o often_o know_v many_o learned_a judge_n such_o as_o mr._n justice_n doderidge_n the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n davenport_n mr._n justice_n jones_n mr._n justice_n whitlock_n and_o many_o other_o often_o rebuke_v and_o reject_v the_o presentment_n of_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o other_o felony_n where_o they_o have_v either_o vary_v from_o their_o evidence_n or_o from_o the_o law_n the_o judge_n before_o hand_n have_v receive_v some_o light_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o testimony_n of_o the_o fact_n from_o the_o information_n and_o examination_n therein_o deliver_v into_o the_o court_n by_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o coroner_n a_o very_a good_a rule_n for_o judge_n to_o observe_v and_o often_o either_o put_v it_o upon_o a_o open_a evidence_n in_o court_n which_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a or_o discharge_v they_o of_o such_o a_o bill_n and_o bind_v the_o witness_n over_o to_o the_o next_o assize_n which_o be_v also_o very_o inconvenient_a in_o regard_n witness_n may_v die_v or_o the_o prisoner_n may_v die_v and_o so_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v lose_v and_o the_o offence_n unpunished_a and_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n there_o will_v be_v too_o much_o opportunity_n give_v for_o compound_v and_o make_v a_o interest_n with_o the_o prosecutor_n and_o witness_n and_o in_o these_o modern_a time_n since_o the_o happy_a return_n of_o our_o most_o gracious_a sovereign_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o i_o have_v know_v several_a learned_a and_o pious_a judge_n some_o since_o dead_a other_o yet_o live_v and_o eminent_a upon_o the_o bench_n in_o oxfordshire_n circuit_n fine_a and_o imprison_v several_a grand_a juror_n for_o their_o miscarriage_n and_o misdemeanour_n in_o deliver_v in_o bill_n of_o manslaughter_n instead_o of_o bill_n of_o murder_n against_o the_o clear_a and_o positive_a direction_n of_o the_o court._n and_o this_o may_v serve_v for_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o objection_n from_o the_o liberty_n and_o affect_a practice_n of_o grand_a juror_n in_o find_v of_o bill_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n according_a to_o their_o own_o humour_n and_o apprehension_n to_o introduce_v a_o law_n that_o therefore_o they_o may_v find_v they_o as_o they_o please_v notwithstanding_o that_o the_o court_n advise_v and_o direct_v the_o draw_v of_o they_o murder_n to_o the_o second_o objection_n of_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n in_o the_o place_n before_o cite_v where_o he_o say_v that_o whereas_o the_o statute_n of_o glouc._n c._n 9_o say_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o put_v himself_o in_o a_o inquest_n de_fw-fr bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la this_o be_v only_o intend_v say_v he_o when_o he_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n and_o not_o where_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o indictment_n the_o special_a matter_n be_v find_v as_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n may_v find_v especial_a verdict_n of_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o answer_v to_o this_o objection_n certain_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n though_o a_o very_a learned_a man_n do_v well_o consider_v this_o matter_n and_o his_o opinion_n therein_o when_o he_o set_v it_o down_o for_o he_o inform_v you_o not_o what_o shall_v become_v of_o such_o a_o indictment_n where_o only_o the_o special_a matter_n be_v find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n whether_o the_o party_n may_v traverse_v it_o for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o trespass_n or_o confess_v it_o and_o so_o have_v his_o pardon_n of_o course_n upon_o such_o confession_n and_o then_o the_o judge_n that_o be_v to_o make_v the_o report_n or_o certificate_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n to_o the_o king_n in_o chancery_n must_v certify_v like_o blind_a and_o deaf_a man_n that_o never_o see_v or_o hear_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n nor_o understand_v any_o thing_n by_o evidence_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n like_o the_o lay-zealot_n must_v believe_v as_o the_o priest_n believe_v prefer_v obedience_n before_o truth_n but_o sure_o no_o prudent_a and_o pious_a judge_n will_v make_v such_o a_o blind_a certificate_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n beside_o whoever_o shall_v judicious_o and_o impartial_o compare_v and_o weigh_v the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n together_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n what_o mischief_n it_o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v and_o consider_v but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n will_v never_o be_v of_o his_o opinion_n in_o this_o particular_a there_o be_v so_o little_a of_o reason_n or_o true_a meaning_n of_o either_o of_o those_o statute_n in_o it_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebr_n be_v these_o murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v judge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v misfortune_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o statute_n it_o seem_v there_o be_v two_o jury_n the_o grand_a jury_n and_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n to_o present_v and_o try_v the_o offence_n of_o murder_n otherwise_o the_o justice_n can_v not_o judge_v of_o it_o they_o never_o pass_v judgement_n upon_o a_o grand_a jury_n presentment_n which_o by_o the_o way_n show_n that_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o judge_n not_o the_o grand_a jury_n upon_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o trial_n by_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o nature_n and_o circumstance_n of_o murder_n and_o of_o what_o species_n or_o degree_n it_o be_v this_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n do_v only_o declare_v a_o new_a law_n that_o where_o it_o be_v find_v per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la it_o shall_v not_o be_v felony_n and_o murder_n as_o it_o be_v before_o that_o statute_n but_o that_o the_o party_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v have_v upon_o certificate_n of_o the_o justice_n before_o who_o he_o be_v try_v his_o pardon_n of_o course_n happy_o then_o upon_o the_o presentment_n of_o the_o grand_a jury_n which_o may_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o erroneous_a opinion_n of_o this_o learned_a judge_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n as_o if_o the_o other_o have_v not_o be_v true_o understand_v or_o at_o least_o have_v not_o sufficient_o provide_v for_o offence_n of_o blood_n and_o in_o plain_a word_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v command_v that_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n without_o felony_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o prison_n until_o the_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n of_o goal-delivery_n and_o shall_v put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n for_o good_a and_o evil_n that_o be_v for_o life_n and_o death_n which_o can_v possible_o be_v understand_v where_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v it_o but_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o that_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o so_o can_v be_v arraign_v thereupon_o whereby_o to_o put_v himself_o the_o bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la so_o as_o to_o bring_v the_o matter_n to_o issue_n between_o he_o and_o the_o king_n nor_o can_v the_o judge_n in_o that_o case_n as_o be_v say_v before_o make_v a_o true_a and_o right_a certificate_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o must_v be_v special_o and_o true_o certify_v according_a to_o law_n whereby_o to_o procure_v a_o pardon_n as_o that_o statute_n express_o require_v and_o if_o the_o party_n shall_v plead_v not_o guilty_a to_o that_o special_a matter_n find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n what_o can_v that_o signify_v as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v for_o the_o jury_n that_o be_v charge_v with_o such_o indictment_n must_v either_o find_v the_o party_n guilty_a in_o special_a manner_n as_o it_o
abuse_v of_o it_o be_v better_o care_v take_v in_o return_n of_o juror_n 116._o i_o dare_v say_v the_o trial_n by_o twelve_o will_v not_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o excellent_a the_o excellency_n of_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o long_a constant_a and_o general_a use_n of_o it_o among_o the_o people_n of_o england_n this_o way_n of_o trial_n to_o have_v all_o their_o estate_n injury_n and_o live_v try_v by_o twelve_o man_n and_o those_o neighbour_n of_o our_o own_o degree_n and_o parity_n and_o without_o exception_n upon_o a_o lawful_a challenge_n certain_o nothing_o can_v be_v say_v more_o for_o the_o commendation_n of_o it_o than_o the_o constant_a practice_n and_o unanimous_a approbation_n of_o it_o in_o england_n to_o this_o day_n since_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o it_o the_o trial_n by_o twelve_o be_v very_o ancient_a though_o mr._n daniel_n and_o polydore_n virgil_n deny_v it_o to_o be_v ancient_a than_o the_o norman_a conquest_n but_o polydore_n as_o say_v the_o excellent_a sr._n h._n savil_n be_v a_o italian_a and_o a_o stranger_n in_o our_o commonwealth_n and_o so_o deceive_v 3._o it_o be_v of_o english_a saxon_a descent_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n etheldred_n cap._n 4._o thus_o in_o all_o hundred_o let_v assembly_n be_v and_o twelve_o freeman_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a together_o shall_v swear_v not_o to_o condemn_v the_o innocent_a nor_o absolve_v the_o guilty_a it_o be_v in_o use_n with_o the_o french_a in_o the_o age_n of_o charlemagne_n they_o that_o will_v see_v more_o of_o this_o let_v they_o read_v that_o learned_a and_o ancient_a book_n write_v by_o judge_n fortescue_n in_o commendation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v leave_v this_o subject_a have_v brief_o touch_v upon_o the_o happiness_n and_o liberty_n the_o subject_n of_o england_n enjoy_v to_o have_v their_o trial_n for_o their_o estate_n and_o life_n per_fw-la pares_fw-la by_o juries_n of_o twelve_o man_n what_o manner_n of_o person_n grand_a juror_n and_o those_o juror_n ought_v to_o be_v and_o of_o the_o excellency_n and_o antiquity_n of_o such_o trial_n in_o the_o next_o place_n after_o i_o have_v show_v the_o heinousness_n of_o murder_n both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n and_o make_v some_o little_a parallel_n therein_o i_o shall_v brief_o show_v that_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o all_o grand_a juror_n in_o all_o case_n of_o blood_n touch_v the_o death_n of_o any_o reasonable_a creature_n by_o violence_n or_o by_o the_o hand_n or_o act_n of_o any_o other_o reasonable_a creature_n where_o the_o bill_n of_o indictment_n be_v bring_v unto_o they_o for_o murder_n in_o case_n they_o find_v upon_o the_o evidence_n any_o probability_n that_o the_o person_n say_v to_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o indictment_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o person_n charge_v to_o do_v it_o in_o the_o indictment_n to_o put_v billa_z vera_fw-la to_o that_o indictment_n without_o foreclose_v the_o court_n by_o judge_v among_o themselves_o the_o point_n of_o law_n that_o may_v arise_v in_o that_o case_n as_o whether_o it_o be_v murder_n manslaughter_n at_o common_a law_n or_o upon_o the_o statute_n see_v def_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la justifiable_a or_o otherwise_o none_o of_o these_o special_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v find_v by_o they_o that_o be_v but_o inquisitor_n and_o accuser_n for_o the_o king_n not_o tryer_n of_o the_o offence_n hear_v but_o witness_n on_o one_o side_n and_o who_o presentment_n or_o verdict_n be_v not_o final_a but_o must_v be_v put_v to_o issue_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o party_n to_o be_v try_v by_o another_o jury_n whether_o there_o be_v truth_n in_o it_o or_o no_o whatever_o the_o practice_n of_o grand_a juror_n have_v be_v of_o late_a to_o the_o contrary_a this_o be_v the_o chief_a aim_n and_o design_n of_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v not_o meet_v with_o any_o among_o christian_n and_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v none_o among_o heathen_n or_o rational_a creature_n but_o believe_v whatever_o their_o practice_n be_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o shed_n of_o innocent_a blood_n be_v a_o great_a offence_n a_o cry_a sin_n to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o a_o plant_n be_v but_o the_o vigour_n in_o the_o juice_n and_o the_o life_n of_o a_o beast_n be_v but_o the_o vigour_n in_o the_o blood_n but_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n be_v a_o 4._o spirit_n and_o spiritual_a substance_n the_o breath_n of_o god_n breathe_v into_o he_o and_o not_o to_o be_v extinguish_v unjust_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n certain_o vox_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la est_fw-la vox_fw-la clamantis_fw-la it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o sin_n laborum_fw-la that_o the_o scripture_n call_v clamantia_fw-la peccata_fw-la cry_v sin_n that_o cry_v to_o god_n for_o vengeance_n even_o in_o this_o world_n upon_o the_o manslayer_n immediate_o after_o the_o flood_n god_n command_v that_o blood_n unjust_o shed_v shall_v be_v require_v by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o manquiller_n it_o be_v within_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o god_n himself_o and_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o heaven_n never_o to_o be_v repeal_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o that_o shed_v man_n blood_n by_o man_n shall_v his_o blood_n be_v shed_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o every_o man_n brother_n will_v i_o require_v the_o life_n of_o man_n say_v god_n himself_o villain_n god_n many_o time_n allow_v of_o restitution_n and_o other_o satisfaction_n in_o other_o felony_n but_o never_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n for_o who_o can_v make_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n the_o first_o murderer_n that_o we_o read_v of_o be_v the_o devil_n who_o the_o scripture_n say_v be_v a_o murderer_n from_o the_o beginning_n in_o quantum_fw-la traxit_fw-la in_o peccatum_fw-la in_o draw_v our_o first_o parent_n into_o sin_n and_o so_o to_o death_n the_o next_o that_o we_o read_v of_o for_o the_o devil_n will_v not_o be_v long_o before_o he_o have_v tempt_v more_o to_o his_o own_o sin_n be_v cain_n that_o kill_v his_o brother_n abel_n and_o it_o seem_v very_o desperate_o shed_v much_o of_o his_o blood_n in_o many_o part_n of_o his_o body_n for_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o plural_a number_n vox_fw-la sanguinum_fw-la the_o voice_n of_o his_o blood_n or_o because_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o future_a posterity_n of_o abel_n that_o he_o may_v have_v have_v be_v shed_v in_o he_o by_o the_o murder_n of_o cain_n it_o be_v true_a that_o cain_n blood_n be_v not_o shed_v by_o that_o law_n although_o he_o kill_v his_o brother_n the_o world_n be_v not_o then_o people_v nor_o that_o law_n then_o so_o positive_o give_v by_o god_n and_o the_o example_n and_o terror_n to_o other_o can_v not_o then_o be_v so_o great_a which_o be_v oft_o the_o great_a end_n of_o punishment_n ut_fw-la poena_fw-la ad_fw-la paucos_fw-la metus_fw-la ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la perveniat_fw-la and_o therefore_o cain_n be_v to_o survive_v by_o god_n special_a appointment_n not_o by_o any_o favour_n of_o god_n towards_o he_o but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v god_n mark_n as_o a_o murderer_n upon_o he_o to_o the_o terror_n of_o all_o other_o that_o shall_v see_v he_o what_o visible_a mark_n and_o distinction_n this_o be_v be_v but_o conjecture_v at_o some_o think_v it_o be_v a_o horrible_a shake_n over_o his_o whole_a body_n as_o the_o septuagint_n translate_v who_o for_o thou_o shall_v be_v a_o vagabond_n and_o runagate_n read_v he_o shall_v conscience_n sigh_v and_o tremble_v or_o a_o exceed_a shame_n and_o confusion_n in_o that_o he_o run_v from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o hide_v himself_o or_o some_o visible_a mark_n in_o his_o face_n as_o lyranus_fw-la think_v some_o hebrew_n think_v it_o be_v a_o horn_n in_o his_o forehead_n some_o a_o letter_n some_o that_o a_o dog_n lead_v he_o the_o scripture_n be_v plain_a that_o for_o this_o murder_n he_o be_v to_o be_v a_o fugitive_n and_o a_o vagabond_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n one_o as_o the_o text_n say_v that_o go_v from_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o who_o the_o earth_n be_v accurse_v and_o certain_o the_o guilt_n and_o shame_n he_o carry_v about_o he_o like_o the_o bloody_a jew_n that_o murder_a christ_n and_o be_v to_o this_o day_n vagabond_n over_o the_o earth_n or_o those_o bloody_a survive_a regicide_n that_o murder_v the_o best_a of_o king_n first_o yet_o live_v with_o that_o black_a mark_n of_o king-killing_a upon_o they_o be_v and_o be_v a_o judgement_n great_a than_o death_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o psalm_n 11._o slay_v they_o not_o lest_o my_o people_n forget_v it_o but_o scatter_v they_o abroad_o among_o the_o people_n and_o put_v they_o down_o o_o lord_n our_o defence_n and_o that_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o cain_n who_o before_o his_o natural_a death_n some_o say_v be_v kill_v by_o lamech_v who_o shoot_v in_o a_o bush_n at_o
and_o lay_v violent_a hand_n to_o take_v away_o his_o temporal_a life_n for_o who_o christ_n die_v to_o give_v eternal_a life_n a_o king_n a_o inferior_a god_n will_v take_v it_o ill_o to_o have_v his_o image_n his_o picture_n wilful_o stab_v through_o and_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o any_o because_o it_o be_v he_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o the_o judicial_n of_o god_n that_o where_o there_o be_v any_o wilful_a smite_v or_o strike_v though_o sudden_o and_o from_o a_o present_a passion_n occasion_v by_o a_o sudden_a provocation_n whereby_o death_n sollow_v in_o which_o the_o will_n fury_n which_o be_v a_o temporary_a madness_n assent_v or_o assault_v of_o the_o manslayer_n may_v appear_v there_o be_v no_o city_n of_o refuge_n or_o mercy_n by_o god_n law_n provide_v for_o it_o only_o what_o be_v do_v unaware_o and_o unforeseen_a as_o aforesaid_a find_v a_o city_n of_o refuge_n otherwise_o what_o can_v be_v mean_v by_o those_o word_n unaware_o and_o where_o he_o see_v he_o not_o and_o in_o these_o very_a case_n of_o kill_v another_o ex_fw-la improviso_fw-la unaware_o or_o by_o misfortune_n for_o who_o there_o be_v a_o city_n of_o refuge_n provide_v by_o god_n himself_o yet_o there_o the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n if_o he_o overtake_v the_o manslayer_n before_o he_o get_v to_o a_o city_n of_o refuge_n and_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v many_o mile_n to_o one_o of_o they_o he_o may_v justify_v the_o kill_n of_o he_o during_o the_o israelite_n sojourn_v in_o the_o desert_n the_o tabernacle_n where_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o altar_n be_v their_o refuge_n in_o such_o a_o case_n afterward_o in_o the_o land_n of_o moses_n canaan_n there_o be_v six_o city_n of_o refuge_n appoint_v three_o beyond_o jordan_n and_o three_o on_o this_o side_n three_o other_o 3._o city_n of_o like_a nature_n god_n promise_v the_o israelite_n upon_o condition_n of_o their_o obedience_n after_o their_o coast_n be_v enlarge_v but_o it_o seem_v their_o disobedience_n hinder_v the_o accomplishment_n thereof_o for_o scripture_n mention_v not_o the_o fulfil_n of_o it_o the_o manner_n of_o examination_n of_o one_o that_o flee_v to_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n be_v thus_o the_o consistory_n or_o bench_n of_o justice_n who_o live_v in_o that_o quarter_n where_o the_o murder_n be_v commit_v 6._o place_v the_o party_n be_v bring_v back_o from_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n in_o the_o court_n or_o judgement_n hall_n and_o diligent_o inquire_v and_o examine_v the_o cause_n who_o if_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o voluntary_a murder_n than_o be_v he_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v find_v casual_a than_o he_o be_v safe_o conduct_v back_o again_o to_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n where_o he_o enjoy_v his_o liberty_n not_o only_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n but_o within_o certain_a territory_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n within_o such_o limit_n until_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n that_o be_v in_o those_o day_n after_o who_o death_n he_o be_v at_o liberty_n 6._o josh_n 20._o 6._o by_o this_o mean_v the_o offender_n though_o he_o be_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o he_o live_v for_o the_o time_n although_o the_o offence_n be_v involuntary_a and_o praeter_fw-la intentionem_fw-la a_o kind_a of_o exile_n for_o his_o own_o humiliation_n and_o for_o the_o abatement_n of_o his_o wrath_n who_o be_v the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n 20._o the_o areopagita_n have_v a_o proceed_n against_o casual_a manslaughter_n not_o much_o unlike_a punish_v the_o offender_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o year_n banishment_n it_o be_v not_o agree_v among_o expositor_n why_o the_o time_n of_o this_o exilement_n be_v limit_v to_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n at_o that_o time_n but_o probable_o think_v that_o the_o offender_n be_v therefore_o confine_v within_o that_o city_n as_o within_o a_o prison_n during_o the_o high-priest_n life_n because_o the_o offence_n do_v most_o direct_o strike_v against_o he_o as_o be_v among_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ac_fw-la princeps_fw-la sanctitatis_fw-la the_o chief_a god_n on_o earth_n these_o place_n of_o refuge_n appoint_v by_o god_n differ_v from_o those_o of_o hercules_n and_o romulus_n and_o other_o heathen_n yea_o and_o christian_a king_n former_o of_o this_o nation_n because_o god_n allow_v safety_n only_o to_o those_o who_o be_v guiltless_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o intention_n but_o the_o other_o be_v common_a sanctuary_n 116._o as_o well_o for_o the_o guilty_a as_o the_o guiltless_a if_o any_o man_n do_v fortuitous_o or_o by_o chance_n kill_v another_o man_n in_o such_o a_o case_n a_o liberty_n be_v grant_v unto_o the_o offender_n to_o fly_v at_o first_o unto_o the_o altar_n for_o refuge_n as_o be_v imply_v by_o that_o text_n of_o scripture_n if_o any_o man_n come_v presumptuous_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n to_o slay_v he_o with_o guile_n thou_o shall_v take_v he_o from_o my_o altar_n exod._n 21._o 14._o away_o and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o temple_n as_o they_o be_v build_v have_v the_o like_a privilege_n as_o joab_n flee_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o lord_n appoint_v city_n of_o refuge_n be_v principal_o these_o first_o lest_o that_o the_o innocent_a party_n may_v be_v slay_v by_o the_o friend_n of_o he_o who_o he_o have_v kill_v before_o his_o cause_n be_v hear_v and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o slaughter_n determine_v by_o the_o judge_n second_o it_o be_v so_o appoint_v that_o he_o may_v stay_v there_o to_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n who_o be_v a_o type_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n by_o who_o precious_a death_n we_o be_v all_o set_v free_a three_o this_o be_v do_v ut_fw-la menti_fw-la eorum_fw-la hac_fw-la ratione_fw-la medeatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o heal_v and_o allay_v the_o mind_n and_o fury_n of_o those_o which_o otherwise_o will_v delight_v in_o murder_n for_o by_o his_o absence_n and_o continuance_n of_o time_n the_o rage_n of_o those_o that_o seek_v his_o life_n will_v be_v qualify_v and_o therefore_o god_n provide_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o still_o be_v provoke_v by_o the_o continual_a sight_n of_o he_o four_o and_o further_o by_o this_o that_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n unwitting_o be_v appoint_v to_o fly_v it_o be_v show_v quod_fw-la reus_fw-la poenae_fw-la efficitur_fw-la that_o yet_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o some_o punishment_n so_o that_o involuntary_a kill_n be_v punish_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o banishment_n among_o the_o israelite_n so_o likewise_o among_o the_o athenian_n such_o kind_n of_o manslaughter_n be_v censure_v with_o one_o year_n exile_n and_o so_o among_o the_o israelite_n he_o that_o escape_v from_o the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o escape_n be_v not_o to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o limit_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o kinsman_n of_o the_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v to_o kill_v he_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a distinction_n of_o voluntary_a and_o involuntary_a murder_n or_o kill_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n involuntary_a kill_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n there_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d chance_v unlooked_a for_o and_o sudden_a event_n as_o when_o one_o shoot_v a_o arrow_n upon_o a_o lawful_a account_n and_o kill_v one_o unawares_o as_o peleus_n kill_v his_o son_n be_v in_o hunt_v with_o he_o there_o be_v beside_o these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d error_n and_o oversight_n as_o the_o father_n beat_v his_o child_n purpose_v only_o to_o chastise_v he_o and_o do_v he_o good_a and_o he_o die_v of_o it_o there_o be_v likewise_o two_o kind_n of_o voluntary_a or_o wilful_a murder_n ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la of_o purpose_n &_o ex_fw-la impetu_fw-la animi_fw-la in_o heat_n or_o rage_n these_o kind_n of_o murder_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iniquity_n one_o may_v be_v slay_v ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la purposely_o per_fw-la insidias_fw-la by_o lie_v in_o wait_n when_o one_o watch_v for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n and_o take_v he_o at_o advantage_n as_o joab_n kill_v abner_n and_o afterward_o flee_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n which_o notwithstanding_o can_v not_o privilege_v he_o and_o afterward_o kill_v amasa_n they_o suspect_v no_o such_o thing_n so_o ishmael_n kill_v gedoliah_n or_o else_o per_fw-la industriam_fw-la when_o one_o of_o set_a purpose_n pick_v quarrel_n and_o seek_v occasion_n to_o provoke_v a_o man_n that_o he_o may_v kill_v he_o both_o these_o kind_n be_v touch_v here_o tostat_fw-la quaest_n 16._o than_o one_o may_v be_v kill_v in_o heat_n and_o rage_n when_o there_o be_v no_o purpose_n before_o as_o alexander_z the_o great_a kill_v clitus_n this_o kind_n though_o not_o so_o grievous_a as_o the_o other_o yet_o be_v a_o
notwithstanding_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o this_o king_n william_n post_fw-la acquisitionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la after_o he_o have_v obtain_v and_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n in_o peace_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n concilio_n nobilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o nobility_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v summon_v throughout_o england_n the_o noble_n wiseman_n and_o such_o as_o be_v skilful_a in_o the_o law_n right_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o elect_v twelve_o knight_n out_o of_o every_o county_n who_o be_v swear_v before_o the_o king_n to_o make_v a_o true_a collection_n of_o the_o say_a law_n and_o custom_n nihil_fw-la praetermittentes_fw-la nil_fw-la addentes_fw-la nil_fw-la praevaricando_fw-la mutantes_fw-la among_o these_o law_n we_o do_v not_o find_v murder_n punish_v with_o death_n it_o be_v so_o near_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o saxon_n it_o seem_v he_o make_v no_o violent_a alteration_n of_o their_o law_n but_o keep_v their_o custom_n of_o aestimatio_fw-la capitis_fw-la or_o corporal_a punishment_n we_o find_v among_o his_o law_n these_o word_n 126._o interdico_fw-la etiam_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la occidatur_fw-la vel_fw-la suspendatur_fw-la pro_fw-la aliqua_fw-la culpa_fw-la sed_fw-la eruantur_fw-la oculi_fw-la &_o abscindantur_fw-la testiculi_fw-la vel_fw-la pedes_fw-la vel_fw-la manus_fw-la itaquod_fw-la truncus_fw-la vivus_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o signum_fw-la proditionis_fw-la &_o nequitiae_fw-la suae_fw-la 5._o i_o command_v that_o none_o be_v kill_v or_o hang_v for_o any_o offence_n but_o that_o his_o eye_n be_v put_v out_o and_o his_o testicle_n or_o foot_n or_o hand_n be_v cut_v off_o so_o that_o the_o trunk_n of_o his_o body_n may_v remain_v alive_a in_o token_n of_o his_o treason_n and_o wickedness_n any_o punishment_n then_o but_o loss_n of_o life_n and_o banishment_n for_o it_o be_v say_v among_o his_o law_n prohibeo_fw-la ut_fw-la nullus_fw-la vendat_fw-la hominem_fw-la extra_fw-la patriam_fw-la i_o forbid_v that_o any_o person_n be_v sell_v out_o of_o his_o country_n now_o although_o that_o these_o kind_n of_o punishment_n be_v not_o commensurate_a to_o the_o offence_n or_o to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o case_n of_o murder_n there_o be_v not_o life_n for_o life_n yet_o who_o be_v there_o almost_o among_o the_o son_n of_o man_n that_o will_v not_o rather_o choose_v to_o be_v hang_v than_o to_o have_v his_o eye_n put_v out_o his_o testicle_n foot_n and_o hand_n cut_v off_o and_o to_o survive_v with_o such_o a_o brand_n of_o ignominy_n 17._o among_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n in_o the_o title_n lex_fw-la murdrorum_fw-la it_o be_v there_o find_v if_o any_o be_v find_v murder_v the_o village_n in_o who_o he_o be_v so_o find_v be_v within_o eight_o day_n to_o deliver_v the_o murderer_n justiciae_fw-la regis_fw-la if_o he_o be_v not_o find_v within_o one_o month_n and_o a_o day_n the_o village_n be_v to_o pay_v forty_o mark_n if_o the_o village_n be_v not_o able_a than_o the_o hundred_o be_v to_o pay_v it_o and_o this_o money_n be_v to_o be_v seal_v up_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o county_n and_o send_v into_o the_o exchequer_n there_o to_o remain_v a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o the_o hundred_o or_o village_n can_v within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n bring_v the_o body_n of_o the_o murderer_n to_o justice_n they_o shall_v have_v their_o money_n again_o if_o they_o can_v not_o within_o that_o time_n take_v he_o the_o parent_n of_o he_o that_o be_v murder_v shall_v have_v six_o mark_n and_o the_o king_n the_o rest_n if_o he_o have_v no_o parent_n than_o his_o lord_n or_o master_n shall_v have_v it_o if_o no_o lord_n or_o master_n than_o surety_n selagus_n ejus_fw-la i._n e._n fide_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la ligatus_fw-la that_o be_v his_o pledge_n or_o surety_n if_o he_o have_v none_o of_o these_o than_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o forty_o mark_n which_o be_v as_o much_o then_o as_o five_o hundred_o pound_n now_o sub_fw-la cujus_fw-la protectione_n &_o pace_fw-la degunt_fw-la universi_fw-la if_o the_o murderer_n be_v find_v and_o will_v not_o defend_v his_o innocency_n judicio_fw-la dei_fw-la scilicet_fw-la aqua_fw-la vel_fw-la ferro_fw-la that_o be_v stand_v in_o hot_a scalding-water_n or_o pass_v barefoot_a over_o hot-bar_n of_o iron_n fieret_fw-la de_fw-la eo_fw-la justitia_fw-la let_v justice_n be_v execute_v up_o on_o he_o but_o what_o this_o justice_n be_v or_o what_o punishment_n he_o shall_v suffer_v some_o doubt_n there_o be_v 344._o some_o say_v it_o be_v ad_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la regis_fw-la or_o the_o usual_a way_n of_o aestimatio_fw-la capitis_fw-la or_o corporal_a punishment_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v death_n because_o as_o before_o be_v observe_v there_o be_v find_v among_o those_o law_n ne_fw-fr quis_fw-la occidatur_fw-la vel_fw-la suspendatur_fw-la pro_fw-la aliqua_fw-la culpa_fw-la though_o other_o be_v of_o another_o judgement_n that_o it_o be_v capital_a if_o the_o king_n please_v whatever_o the_o punishment_n be_v you_o shall_v not_o read_v of_o any_o insurrection_n or_o rebellion_n before_o the_o conquest_n when_o the_o view_n of_o frankpledge_a and_o other_o ancient_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v in_o their_o right_a use_n there_o be_v many_o that_o be_v full_a of_o sr._n moor_n be_v kindness_n and_o think_v it_o too_o much_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v lose_v his_o life_n for_o crime_n under_o murder_n as_o for_o theft_n etc._n etc._n but_o none_o so_o kind_a to_o a_o murderer_n for_o which_o ancient_o a_o loss_n of_o a_o hand_n eye_n leg_n or_o other_o member_n be_v in_o use_n yet_o the_o party_n take_v in_o the_o manner_n hand_n habend_n have_v the_o steal_a thing_n in_o his_o hand_n in_o his_o possession_n may_v be_v kill_v among_o the_o saxon_n he_o can_v not_o buy_v his_o crime_n out_o and_o the_o spanish_a condemn_v to_o the_o galley_n be_v think_v by_o some_o the_o only_a way_n mr._n daniel_n will_v have_v it_o that_o as_o yet_o write_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_v time_n they_o come_v not_o so_o far_o as_o blood_n which_o be_v not_o so_o for_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o aethelst_n abrogate_a the_o were-gild_a by_o which_o a_o man_n may_v have_v buy_v out_o his_o offence_n make_v a_o law_n say_v hoveden_n ut_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o furto_fw-la vel_fw-la latrocinio_fw-la deprehensus_fw-la fuisset_fw-la suspenderetur_fw-la to_o hang_v the_o thief_n with_o who_o vigorniensis_n and_o rad._n niger_n agree_v and_o the_o lo._n coke_n observe_v in_o the_o three_o institutes_n that_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o judgement_n for_o felony_n be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o but_z king_n henry_n the_o first_o ordain_v by_o parliament_n that_o the_o judgement_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n shall_v be_v 1._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v hang_v by_o the_o neck_n until_o he_o be_v dead_a 1005._o after_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o we_o find_v a_o thief_n who_o have_v steal_v twelve_o ox_n behead_v capital_a punishment_n have_v not_o only_o be_v in_o use_n against_o homicide_n and_o felony_n but_o other_o transgressor_n also_o and_o among_o those_o who_o worship_v god_n right_o as_o be_v well_o observe_v we_o meet_v with_o no_o divine_a precept_n before_o judah_n which_o make_v whoredom_n worthy_a of_o death_n yea_o when_o he_o be_v tell_v tamar_n thy_o daughter_n in_o law_n have_v play_v the_o harlot_n he_o answer_v bring_v she_o forth_o and_o let_v she_o be_v burn_v annis_fw-la among_o the_o britain_n if_o the_o wife_n kill_v her_o husband_n she_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v so_o be_v the_o english_a law_n to_o this_o day_n we_o may_v proceed_v say_v grotius_n by_o conjecture_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n with_o the_o help_n of_o natural_a reason_n from_o like_a to_o like_v and_o that_o which_o be_v a_o law_n against_o felony_n and_o murder_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o other_o as_o dangerous_o mischievous_a it_o be_v a_o hard_a dispute_n whether_o there_o be_v more_o mercy_n in_o death_n or_o put_v out_o of_o eye_n cut_v off_o leg_n arm_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o the_o galley_n it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o boldness_n and_o number_n of_o malefactor_n beget_v the_o law_n of_o death_n and_o those_o who_o death_n with_o so_o much_o infamy_n so_o often_o reiterated_a before_o their_o eye_n can_v fright_v will_v never_o think_v any_o torment_n whatsoever_o where_o life_n be_v leave_v they_o though_o with_o more_o misery_n than_o can_v be_v speak_v terrible_a it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o the_o lo._n coke_n epilog_n that_o videbis_fw-la ea_fw-la saepe_fw-la committi_fw-la quae_fw-la saepe_fw-la vindicantur_fw-la those_o offence_n be_v often_o commit_v that_o be_v often_o punish_v and_o he_o give_v his_o reason_n for_o it_o that_o the_o frequency_n of_o the_o punishment_n make_v it_o so_o familiar_a as_o it_o be_v not_o fear_v for_o example_n
felony_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o arraign_v not_o guilty_a and_o thereupon_o have_v be_v find_v guilty_a after_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n upon_o the_o pen_n of_o this_o act_n it_o seem_v clear_a that_o all_o indictment_n for_o the_o unlawful_a or_o wilful_a kill_n of_o any_o person_n aught_o to_o be_v make_v murder_n as_o they_o be_v former_o before_o this_o act._n for_o if_o the_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v arraign_v upon_o a_o indictment_n only_o of_o manslaughter_n according_a to_o the_o now_o distinction_n of_o manslaughter_n and_o upon_o his_o arraignment_n shall_v stand_v mute_a not_o answer_v direct_o or_o challenge_v peremptory_o whereby_o he_o can_v have_v no_o trial_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a question_n whether_o he_o can_v have_v judgement_n upon_o this_o act_n the_o word_n be_v petty_a treason_n wilful_a burn_a of_o house_n murder_n robbery_n burglary_n or_o other_o felony_n for_o as_o it_o be_v not_o name_v here_o by_o the_o term_n manslaughter_n so_o it_o can_v with_o any_o congruity_n be_v comprehend_v under_o any_o of_o those_o head_n not_o under_o the_o general_a head_n of_o other_o felony_n after_o the_o commemoration_n of_o so_o many_o several_a felony_n next_o before_o as_o burn_v of_o house_n robbery_n burglary_n and_o other_o felony_n must_v needs_o be_v intend_v of_o such_o like_a felony_n or_o theft_n and_o what_o judge_n in_o case_n of_o life_n and_o death_n will_v proceed_v upon_o such_o a_o moot_v point_n or_o rather_o a_o clear_a case_n to_o the_o contrary_a to_o give_v judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o death_n upon_o any_o by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 28_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o 1._o and_o rehearse_v all_o these_o former_a statute_n viz._n 22_o h._n 8._o 23_o h._n 8._o and_o the_o 25_o h._n 8._o and_o continue_v they_o all_o until_o the_o next_o parliament_n and_o provide_v further_a that_o such_o as_o be_v within_o holy_a order_n shall_v be_v under_o the_o same_o pain_n and_o danger_n that_o other_o be_v all_o within_o holy_a order_n be_v by_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o except_v in_o case_n of_o murder_n petty_a treason_n and_o felony_n from_o the_o pain_n and_o danger_n that_o lay_v person_n suffer_v for_o such_o offence_n it_o seem_v those_o in_o holy_a order_n than_o begin_v to_o lose_v their_o esteem_n as_o appear_v more_o full_o in_o the_o ensue_a act_n which_o perpetuate_v the_o former_a acts._n then_o come_v the_o statute_n make_v in_o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 3._o and_o rehearse_v the_o same_o act_n again_o and_o make_v they_o perpetual_a and_o enact_n that_o all_o person_n within_o holy_a order_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n ought_v or_o may_v have_v their_o clergy_n for_o any_o felony_n and_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v burn_v in_o the_o hand_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o lay_v clerk_n in_o such_o case_n and_o shall_v suffer_v all_o such_o pain_n danger_n and_o forfeiture_n as_o lay_v person_n in_o like_a case_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 1_o ed._n 6._o 12._o and_o after_o it_o have_v declare_v what_o act_n shall_v be_v treason_n declare_v what_o offence_n shall_v be_v out_v of_o clergy_n viz._n such_o person_n as_o in_o due_a form_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v attaint_v or_o convict_v of_o murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a of_o poison_v of_o malice_n prepense_a of_o break_v of_o any_o house_n by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n any_o person_n be_v put_v in_o fear_n rob_v any_o person_n in_o or_o near_o the_o highway_n felonious_a steal_v of_o horse_n gelding_n or_o mare_n or_o for_o felonious_a take_n of_o any_o good_n out_o of_o any_o parish_n church_n or_o other_o church_n or_o chapel_n all_o offender_n in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n shall_v be_v exclude_v of_o the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n whether_o they_o be_v convict_v by_o verdict_n confession_n or_o stand_v mute_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o in_o all_o other_o case_n of_o felony_n clergy_n may_v be_v allow_v here_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o petty_a treason_n burn_v of_o house_n and_o barn_n with_o corn_n and_o accessary_n before_o to_o be_v out_v of_o clergy_n as_o be_v in_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o so_o that_o it_o seem_v after_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n they_o may_v have_v have_v their_o clergy_n the_o new_a offence_n add_v to_o this_o act_n to_o be_v out_v of_o clergy_n that_o be_v not_o in_o that_o act_n of_o 23_o h._n 8._o be_v only_o steal_v of_o horse_n gelding_n and_o mare_n and_o by_o this_o act_n poison_v be_v make_v murder_n prove_v although_o no_o malice_n be_v prove_v and_o clergy_n take_v away_o then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o 2_o ed._n 6._o 24._o and_o this_o statute_n give_v remedy_n in_o several_a case_n of_o murder_n and_o felony_n where_o there_o be_v none_o before_o at_o common_a law_n as_o first_o where_o one_o be_v felonious_o strike_v in_o one_o county_n and_o die_v thereof_o in_o another_o second_o where_o one_o be_v accessary_a in_o one_o county_n to_o a_o murder_n or_o felony_n in_o another_o county_n before_o this_o statute_n no_o sufficient_a indictment_n in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n can_v be_v take_v in_o either_o of_o the_o say_a county_n for_o that_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o juror_n of_o the_o county_n where_o such_o party_n die_v of_o such_o stroke_n will_v take_v no_o knowledge_n of_o the_o say_a stroke_n be_v matter_n of_o fact_n in_o a_o foreign_a county_n although_o the_o say_a county_n and_o place_n adjoin_v very_o near_o together_o nor_o the_o juror_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o stroke_n be_v give_v can_v take_v knowledge_n of_o the_o death_n in_o another_o county_n although_o such_o death_n most_o apparent_o come_v of_o such_o stroke_n so_o that_o such_o offence_n and_o the_o other_o offence_n before_o mention_v for_o the_o like_a reason_n remain_v unpunished_a and_o such_o murder_n can_v not_o be_v proceed_v against_o either_o by_o way_n of_o indictment_n or_o appeal_n now_o this_o statute_n provide_v that_o a_o indictment_n find_v by_o the_o juror_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o death_n shall_v happen_v whether_o it_o be_v find_v before_o the_o coroner_n upon_o sight_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n or_o other_o justice_n that_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o inquire_v of_o such_o offence_n shall_v be_v as_o good_a and_o effectual_a in_o law_n as_o if_o the_o stroke_n and_o poison_v have_v be_v commit_v and_o do_v in_o the_o same_o county_n where_o the_o party_n shall_v die_v or_o where_o such_o indictment_n shall_v be_v find_v and_o likewise_o provide_v that_o such_o party_n to_o who_o appeal_v of_o murder_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o the_o law_n may_v commence_v take_v and_o sue_v appeal_n of_o murder_n in_o the_o same_o county_n where_o the_o same_o person_n so_o felonious_o strike_v or_o poison_a shall_v die_v as_o well_o against_o the_o principal_n as_o against_o every_o accessary_a to_o the_o same_o offence_n in_o whatsoever_o county_n or_o place_n the_o accessary_a or_o accessary_n shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o same_o and_o do_v further_a provide_v that_o where_o any_o murder_n or_o felony_n shall_v be_v do_v in_o one_o county_n and_o another_o person_n or_o more_o shall_v be_v accessary_a or_o accessary_n in_o any_o manner_n of_o wise_a to_o any_o such_o murder_n or_o felony_n in_o any_o other_o county_n that_o then_o a_o indictment_n find_v or_o take_v against_o such_o accessary_a or_o accessary_n upon_o the_o circumstance_n of_o such_o matter_n before_o the_o justice_n etc._n etc._n where_o such_o offence_n of_o accessary_a shall_v be_v commit_v shall_v be_v as_o good_a in_o law_n as_o if_o the_o principal_a offence_n have_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o same_o county_n where_o the_o same_o indictment_n against_o such_o accessary_a shall_v be_v find_v 117._o here_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o appeal_v give_v by_o this_o statute_n to_o the_o party_n where_o one_o be_v wound_v or_o poison_v in_o one_o county_n and_o die_v thereof_o in_o another_o must_v be_v a_o appeal_n of_o murder_n otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v either_o against_o principal_n or_o accessary_a by_o the_o word_n of_o this_o statute_n so_o in_o case_n of_o a_o indictment_n where_o it_o be_v say_v in_o this_o statute_n where_o any_o murder_n or_o felony_n shall_v be_v commit_v in_o one_o county_n and_o the_o accessary_a be_v in_o another_o county_n here_o the_o word_n murder_n must_v be_v one_o species_n and_o felony_n that_o be_v th_a another_o viz._n carry_v of_o steal_a good_n into_o another_o county_n so_o that_o the_o indictment_n in_o this_o case_n against_o the_o principal_n must_v be_v murder_n or_o the_o accessary_a thereto_o be_v not_o tryable_a in_o another_o county_n and_o there_o must_v be_v a_o certificate_n of_o such_o conviction_n or_o attainder_n of_o the_o
be_v find_v before_o by_o the_o grand_a jury_n and_o that_o make_v too_o special_o verdict_n or_o else_o general_o not_o guilty_a if_o they_o find_v he_o guilty_a of_o the_o special_a matter_n as_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v before_o they_o and_o the_o judge_n and_o court_n shall_v afterward_o adjudge_v as_o they_o may_v have_v hear_v the_o evidence_n that_o super_fw-la totam_fw-la materiam_fw-la it_o be_v either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n then_o no_o judgement_n of_o death_n or_o clergy_n can_v be_v give_v upon_o that_o indictment_n or_o verdict_n but_o all_o must_v be_v try_v over_o again_o and_o a_o new_a circuit_n of_o business_n upon_o a_o second_o indictment_n of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n and_o how_o dilatory_a and_o idle_a will_v this_o be_v at_o a_o assize_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n and_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n if_o judge_n stamford_n be_v alive_a again_o although_o a_o person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o judgement_n he_o will_v sure_o with_o some_o other_o error_n in_o that_o book_n recant_v this_o neither_o be_v it_o of_o any_o advantage_n to_o the_o prisoner_n to_o have_v it_o find_v special_o by_o the_o grand_a jury_n for_o he_o can_v never_o plead_v either_o such_o a_o acquittal_n or_o conviction_n in_o bar_n to_o a_o indictment_n of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n in_o the_o same_o case_n as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o whoever_o shall_v read_v and_o well_o consider_v this_o seven_o chapter_n write_v by_o judge_n stamford_n in_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n wherein_o this_o opinion_n be_v especial_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o it_o when_o he_o come_v to_o observe_v the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n and_o how_o the_o certificate_n of_o such_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n shall_v be_v obtain_v must_v of_o necessity_n hold_v his_o first_o opinion_n in_o that_o chapter_n for_o the_o special_a matter_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o indictment_n to_o be_v very_o inconsiderate_o express_v for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a and_o why_o may_v not_o this_o learned_a judge_n for_o humanum_fw-la est_fw-la errare_fw-la mistake_v in_o this_o as_o in_o some_o other_o opinion_n in_o that_o book_n of_o his_o style_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o which_o he_o be_v detect_v by_o the_o lo._n coke_n and_o other_o that_o follow_v he_o who_o stand_v upon_o his_o shoulder_n must_v needs_o see_v far_o than_o he_o do_v or_o can_v as_o to_o instance_n in_o some_o few_o as_o first_o 6._o that_o respite_n of_o execution_n where_o a_o woman_n be_v priviment_n enfent_n where_o a_o woman_n after_o judgement_n plead_v her_o belly_n shall_v be_v grant_v only_o say_v he_o in_o felony_n whereas_o it_o be_v grantable_a both_o in_o high_a treason_n and_o petit_fw-la treason_n 18._o a_o second_o be_v 52._o that_o the_o year_n and_o the_o day_n after_o the_o murder_n and_o homicide_n commit_v shall_v be_v account_v after_o the_o blow_n give_v or_o poison_v administer_v whereas_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v account_v after_o the_o death_n 53._o for_o then_o the_o party_n be_v murder_v and_o not_o after_o the_o stroke_n or_o poison_v give_v coke_n lib._n 4._o fol._n 41_o 42._o in_o heydon_n case_n a_o three_o observe_v by_o the_o lord_n coke_n write_v upon_o the_o statute_n 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 12._o which_o make_v it_o felony_n to_o steal_v away_o record_n upon_o these_o word_n in_o the_o say_a statute_n their_o procurer_n counsellor_n and_o abettor_n say_v this_o act_n express_o extend_v to_o accessary_n before_o and_o leave_v accessary_n after_o to_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n rep._n yet_o there_o may_v be_v accessary_n after_o the_o fact_n for_o whensoever_o a_o offence_n be_v make_v a_o felony_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n there_o shall_v be_v accessary_n to_o it_o both_o before_o and_o after_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o felony_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o though_o this_o act_n express_v only_a accessary_n before_o yet_o it_o take_v not_o away_o accessary_n after_o but_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o law_n contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o mr._n 160._o justice_n stamford_n and_o again_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 8_o h._n 29._o 6._o c._n 29._o insufficiency_n or_o want_n of_o freehold_n be_v no_o cause_n of_o challenge_n to_o alien_n who_o be_v impanel_v with_o alien_n notwithstanding_o mr._n 160._o justice_n stamford_n opinion_n pl._n coron_n 160._o for_o this_o statute_n say_v that_o the_o statute_n 2_o h._n 3._o 5._o c._n 3._o shall_v extend_v only_o to_o inquest_n betwixt_o denizen_n and_o denizen_n but_o enough_o and_o perhaps_o too_o much_o have_v be_v say_v in_o mention_v the_o mistake_n of_o that_o reverend_n and_o learned_a judge_n sr._n pleas._n william_n stamford_n in_o that_o book_n of_o his_o term_a placita_fw-la coronae_fw-la plea_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o title_n of_o it_o have_v be_v correct_v amend_v and_o enlarge_v since_o the_o first_o impression_n of_o it_o which_o i_o have_v not_o urge_v in_o the_o least_o to_o detract_v from_o the_o learning_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o great_a and_o learned_a judge_n or_o from_o the_o value_n of_o that_o book_n which_o notwithstanding_o there_o may_v be_v a_o few_o mistake_v find_v in_o it_o yet_o be_v of_o as_o high_a esteem_n as_o any_o book_n of_o the_o law_n extant_a upon_o that_o subject_a but_o principal_o to_o show_v that_o he_o may_v as_o well_o err_v in_o his_o opinion_n concern_v grand_a juror_n find_v the_o special_a matter_n as_o in_o those_o mention_v and_o that_o no_o human_a author_n in_o the_o law_n or_o any_o other_o science_n be_v infallible_a and_o that_o we_o must_v be_v very_o careful_a how_o we_o ground_n any_o law_n upon_o the_o bare_a opinion_n of_o any_o one_o or_o two_o person_n though_o of_o never_o so_o great_a part_n or_o esteem_n whereby_o to_o justify_v or_o maintain_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o practice_n especial_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v finis_fw-la duellum_fw-la quasi_fw-la duorum_fw-la bellum_fw-la do_v without_o authority_n be_v a_o war_n against_o authority_n that_o which_o the_o victor_n think_v to_o be_v his_o honour_n prove_v his_o dishonour_n his_o life_n his_o land_n and_o good_n be_v by_o law_n forfeit_v and_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v infoelix_fw-la pugna_fw-la ubi_fw-la majus_fw-la periculum_fw-la incumbit_fw-la victori_fw-la quam_fw-la victo_fw-la victo_fw-la the_o oath_n of_o a_o grand_a juror_n stamf._n fol._n 36._o 27._o lib._n ass_n murdrum_n de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la non_fw-la adjudicetur_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciar_fw-la ubi_fw-la infortunium_fw-la tantummodo_fw-la adjudicatum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la locum_fw-la habeat_fw-la murdrum_n de_fw-la interfectis_fw-la per_fw-la feloniam_fw-la tantum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la aliter_fw-la statut._n de_fw-fr marlebridge_n 52_o h._n 3._o c._n 26._o 26._o utramque_fw-la partem_fw-la ni_fw-fr audias_fw-la ne_fw-la judices_fw-la qui_fw-la judicat_fw-la aliquid_fw-la parte_fw-la inaudita_fw-la altera_fw-la licet_fw-la aequum_fw-la judicaret_fw-la haud_fw-la aequus_fw-la est_fw-la yet_o grand_a juror_n take_v themselves_o to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o fact_n fact_n if_o he_o have_v council_n he_o must_v pray_v it_o before_o he_o plead_v not_o guilty_a he_o can_v after_o 3._o inst_n fol._n 129._o 129._o and_o that_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o regular_o he_o can_v have_v council_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v the_o court_n ought_v to_o see_v the_o indictment_n trial_n and_o other_o proceed_n good_a in_o law_n lest_o by_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n they_o attaint_v the_o prisoner_n 3._o inst._n 137._o fol._n 29._o secta_fw-la pacis_fw-la be_v by_o indictment_n which_o be_v the_o king_n suit_n and_o as_o it_o be_v his_o declaration_n the_o king_n former_o do_v not_o pardon_v homicidium_fw-la but_o sectam_fw-la pacis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la pertinet_fw-la de_fw-la homicidiis_fw-la 3._o inst_n fol._n 235._o 235._o 25_o e._n 3._o 4._o 5_o e._n 3._o 9_o 42_o e._n 3._o 3_o vit._n abbot_n st._n alban_n 143._o 143._o 37_o e._n 3._o 18._o 18._o cook_n 3._o inst_n tit._n indict_v 136._o 136._o except_o by_o utlawry_n utlawry_n no_o peer_n or_o subject_a can_v be_v convict_v by_o verdict_n but_o the_o offence_n must_v be_v find_v by_o twenty_o four_o four_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o they_o dwell_v in_o the_o county_n but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o neighbourhood_n nay_o le_fw-fr plus_fw-fr procheines_fw-fr to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fact_n as_o by_o artic._n super_fw-la cap._n 9_o it_o be_v appoint_v they_o must_v he_o most_o near_o most_o sufficient_a and_o least_o suspicious_a ibid._n ibid._n the_o king_n jury_n jury_n jus_fw-la à _fw-la jovis_n nomine_fw-la jus_fw-la qu._n jovis_n os_fw-la omne_fw-la enim_fw-la jus_fw-la &_o justitia_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la est_fw-la est_fw-la v_o statut._n 3_o ed._n 1._o c._n 11._o forasmuch_o as_o many_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n and_o culpable_a of_o the_o same_o by_o favourable_a inquest_n take_v by_o the_o sheriff_n and_o by_o the_o king_n
principal_a under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o justice_n before_o who_o such_o principal_a be_v convict_v or_o attaint_v before_o such_o accessary_a can_v be_v try_v and_o that_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o enable_v the_o justice_n to_o try_v the_o accessary_a in_o murder_n or_o felony_n in_o another_o county_n and_o although_o the_o word_n manslaughter_n be_v mention_v in_o this_o statute_n as_o thus_o within_o the_o year_n and_o day_n after_o such_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n commit_v it_o be_v not_o here_o mention_v as_o any_o species_n of_o murder_n but_o only_o as_o the_o genus_fw-la call_v in_o this_o place_n only_a murder_n and_o manslaughter_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 5_o ed._n 6._o 9_o and_o resolve_v three_o several_a doubt_n or_o question_n move_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o murder_n the_o first_o doubt_n be_v whether_o clergy_n be_v take_v away_o by_o that_o statute_n unless_o the_o very_a felony_n and_o robbery_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o very_a chamber_n or_o place_n where_o the_o owner_n dweller_n his_o child_n or_o servant_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v although_o they_o be_v in_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o house_n the_o second_o doubt_n be_v if_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o chamber_n and_o the_o party_n there_o asleep_a and_o so_o not_o put_v in_o fear_n the_o three_o doubt_n be_v where_o such_o robbery_n or_o felony_n be_v commit_v in_o a_o booth_n or_o tent_n in_o any_o fair_a or_o market_n the_o owner_n child_n or_o servant_n be_v then_o put_v in_o fear_n whether_o clergy_n shall_v be_v take_v away_o by_o that_o statute_n in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n for_o the_o clear_n of_o these_o three_o doubt_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o person_n be_v convict_v for_o rob_v any_o in_o any_o part_n of_o their_o dwell_a house_n or_o dwell_v place_n the_o owner_n his_o child_n or_o servant_n be_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o say_a house_n or_o precinct_n thereof_o whether_o sleep_a or_o wake_v such_o offender_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o his_o clergy_n and_o so_o he_o that_o rob_v any_o tent_n or_o booth_n in_o fair_a or_o market_n whether_o the_o owner_n his_o wife_n child_n or_o servant_n be_v sleep_v or_o wake_v in_o the_o same_o shall_v lose_v his_o clergy_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 5._o 6._o of_o ed._n 6._o and_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o those_o that_o commit_v burglary_n or_o robbery_n in_o one_o county_n and_o carry_v the_o good_n into_o another_o county_n and_o be_v there_o legal_o convict_v this_o statute_n likewise_o declare_v the_o statute_n make_v the_o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 3._o shall_v stand_v in_o force_n notwithstanding_o a_o clause_n comprise_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 12._o 12._o which_o make_v void_a a_o clause_n in_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o it_o in_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o such_o as_o commit_v robbery_n and_o burglary_n in_o one_o county_n and_o be_v convict_v of_o the_o felony_n for_o bring_v the_o steal_a good_n into_o another_o county_n for_o whereas_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 12._o declare_v that_o such_o as_o be_v convict_v or_o attaint_v of_o murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a or_o of_o poison_v of_o malice_n prepense_a or_o of_o break_v any_o house_n by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n any_o person_n there_o be_v put_v in_o fear_n or_o rob_v any_o person_n in_o or_o near_o the_o highway_n or_o for_o steal_v horse_n gelding_n or_o mare_n or_o felonious_a take_v any_o good_n out_o of_o any_o parish_n church_n or_o other_o church_n or_o chappel_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n and_o that_o in_o all_o other_o case_n of_o felony_n other_o than_o such_o as_o before_o be_v mention_v clergy_n shall_v be_v allow_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o may_v have_v be_v before_o the_o 29_o day_n of_o april_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o by_o reason_n of_o which_o article_n or_o clause_n the_o say_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o 25_o h._n 8._o which_o do_v put_v such_o felon_n and_o burglaror_n from_o their_o clergy_n that_o do_v such_o offence_n in_o one_o county_n and_o after_o be_v take_v with_o the_o good_n steal_v in_o another_o county_n and_o there_o arraign_v and_o find_v guilty_a be_v make_v void_a to_o the_o great_a bolden_v and_o comfort_n of_o such_o offender_n it_o be_v by_o this_o act_n enact_v that_o the_o say_a act_n make_v in_o the_o say_v 25_o year_n touch_v the_o put_n of_o such_o offender_n from_o their_o clergy_n 31._o and_o every_o article_n clause_n and_o sentence_n contain_v in_o the_o same_o touch_v clergy_n shall_v from_o thenceforth_o touch_v such_o offence_n stand_v and_o be_v in_o force_n then_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o &_o 3_o of_o p._n 17._o &_o m._n c._n 17._o take_v away_o the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n only_o from_o bennet_n smith_n for_o be_v accessary_a to_o the_o murder_n of_o giles_n rufford_n before_o the_o murder_n commit_v and_o for_o procure_v of_o the_o same_o afterward_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 4_o &_o 5_o of_o p._n 4._o &_o m._n c._n 4._o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o every_o person_n that_o shall_v malicious_o command_v hire_n or_o counsel_v any_o person_n or_o person_n to_o commit_v any_o petty_a treason_n wilful_a murder_n robbery_n in_o any_o dwell_a house_n or_o house_n 35._o robbery_n in_o or_o near_o the_o highway_n or_o wilful_o to_o burn_v any_o dwell_a house_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o or_o any_o barn_n have_v corn_n or_o grain_n in_o the_o same_o here_o i_o have_v think_v to_o have_v proceed_v and_o to_o have_v mention_v in_o order_n of_o time_n all_o such_o statute_n as_o be_v make_v in_o any_o king_n reign_n to_o take_v away_o clergy_n in_o any_o case_n of_o felony_n but_o that_o will_v be_v too_o much_o to_o assume_v another_o subject_n than_o what_o principal_o be_v here_o intend_a have_v make_v too_o great_a a_o digression_n already_o yet_o not_o altogether_o unuseful_a herein_o then_o the_o statute_n make_v 1_o jac._n c._n 8._o 8._o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o he_o that_o shall_v stab_v another_o that_o have_v not_o first_o strike_v nor_o have_v a_o weapon_n draw_v if_o he_o die_v thereof_o in_o six_o month_n although_o no_o malice_n can_v be_v prove_v except_o it_o be_v do_v se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o by_o misfortune_n in_o keep_v the_o peace_n or_o correct_v his_o servant_n or_o child_n this_o without_o all_o question_n be_v murder_n by_o malice_n employ_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n and_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o kill_v be_v adjudge_v murder_n at_o this_o day_n that_o be_v where_o one_o shall_v wilful_o kill_v another_o by_o any_o weapon_n without_o provocation_n from_o he_o in_o deed_n for_o no_o provocation_n in_o word_n only_a will_v make_v it_o manslaughter_n or_o less_o than_o murder_n and_o in_o my_o judgement_n it_o be_v a_o error_n in_o practice_n of_o this_o indictment_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o stab_v to_o leave_v out_o the_o word_n ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la in_o the_o indictment_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v although_o no_o malice_n can_v be_v prove_v then_o sure_a the_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v as_o in_o other_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v employ_v and_o in_o all_o indictment_n where_o malice_n be_v only_o employ_v and_o can_v express_o be_v prove_v those_o word_n ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la etc._n etc._n must_v be_v put_v into_o the_o indictment_n to_o make_v it_o murder_n and_o to_o take_v away_o clergy_n and_o by_o such_o word_n the_o indictment_n will_v be_v good_a both_o upon_o the_o statute_n and_o at_o common_a law_n and_o so_o be_v the_o indictment_n make_v against_o lewd_a woman_n that_o kill_v their_o bastard_n child_n upon_o the_o 21_o jac._n cap._n 27._o 27._o although_o the_o special_a matter_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v put_v into_o the_o indictment_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v a_o bastard_n child_n and_o bear_v of_o her_o body_n alive_a yet_o the_o word_n ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la be_v always_o put_v into_o the_o indictment_n which_o malice_n the_o law_n imply_v although_o none_o can_v prove_v the_o child_n bear_v alive_a and_o none_o can_v be_v presume_v to_o bear_v malice_n to_o a_o dead_a child_n and_o haply_o it_o may_v be_v bear_v dead_a or_o die_v after_o it_o be_v bear_v against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o mother_n of_o she_o throw_v and_o strive_n to_o be_v deliver_v without_o help_n it_o be_v not_o the_o bury_n of_o the_o child_n or_o hide_v of_o it_o that_o make_v it_o murder_n upon_o the_o statute_n as_o some_o have_v conceive_v for_o if_o the_o child_n be_v find_v dead_a in_o bed_n by_o her_o side_n or_o in_o her_o bosom_n yet_o it_o be_v
murder_n for_o the_o word_n conceal_v in_o the_o statute_n relate_v not_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o infant_n but_o the_o death_n of_o it_o the_o word_n be_v these_o shall_v so_o conceal_v the_o death_n thereof_o that_o it_o may_v not_o come_v to_o light_v that_o be_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o one_o witness_v at_o least_o whether_o it_o be_v bear_v alive_a or_o not_o but_o be_v conceal_v she_o shall_v suffer_v death_n as_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n if_o she_o can_v prove_v by_o one_o witness_v it_o be_v bear_v dead_a than_o her_o hide_v or_o bury_v it_o afterward_o will_v not_o be_v evidence_n against_o she_o to_o take_v away_o her_o life_n upon_o that_o statute_n these_o two_o statute_n create_v no_o new_a offence_n that_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o murder_n before_o 27._o but_o only_o take_v away_o clergy_n in_o those_o two_o case_n the_o one_o of_o sudden_a and_o desperate_a stab_a then_o frequent_o in_o use_n the_o other_o of_o lewd_a whore_n who_o have_v commit_v one_o sin_n to_o avoid_v their_o shame_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o bastard_n will_v commit_v a_o great_a by_o trust_v to_o their_o own_o strength_n in_o their_o delivery_n that_o they_o may_v more_o private_o destroy_v the_o infant_n and_o yet_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n because_o in_o that_o case_n none_o for_o the_o king_n can_v prove_v the_o child_n bear_v alive_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o indict_v and_o convict_v she_o at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o murder_n although_o real_o and_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v so_o this_o statute_n make_v the_o supposition_n good_a for_o the_o king_n to_o the_o grand_a jury_n and_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o point_n of_o law_n that_o the_o child_n suppose_v to_o be_v murder_v be_v bear_v forswear_v alive_a and_o by_o she_o murder_v in_o regard_n she_o be_v a_o lewd_a woman_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o honest_a and_o innocent_a woman_n who_o always_o desire_v help_n in_o their_o labour_n choose_v to_o be_v deliver_v alone_o this_o statute_n put_v the_o proof_n upon_o she_o if_o she_o will_v avoid_v so_o strong_a a_o presumption_n of_o murder_n to_o be_v sure_a to_o have_v one_o witness_v to_o prove_v the_o child_n be_v bear_v dead_a it_o be_v likewise_o strong_o presume_v that_o a_o woman_n without_o help_n of_o some_o other_o can_v be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n at_o full_a growth_n dead_a in_o the_o womb._n two_o remarkable_a case_n i_o have_v know_v in_o my_o time_n upon_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o 1_o jac._n in_o oxfordshire_n circuit_n the_o one_o in_o mr._n justice_n jones_n his_o time_n a_o learned_a judge_n that_o go_v sixteen_o year_n together_o that_o circuit_n where_o the_o case_n be_v a_o cunning_a desperate_a fellow_n have_v a_o intention_n to_o stab_v another_o person_n and_o yet_o to_o avoid_v come_v within_o the_o danger_n of_o that_o statute_n have_v to_o that_o purpose_n provide_v himself_o of_o a_o dagger_n naked_a in_o his_o pocket_n he_o be_v never_o know_v to_o wear_v any_o before_o come_v into_o a_o alehouse_n where_o the_o party_n be_v he_o intend_v to_o stab_v and_o at_o first_o come_v use_v very_o friendly_a language_n unto_o he_o but_o afterward_o all_o the_o provoke_a language_n he_o can_v to_o make_v the_o other_o strike_v he_o which_o the_o other_o no_o soon_o hold_v up_o his_o stick_n to_o have_v do_v but_o he_o stab_v he_o into_o the_o body_n with_o his_o dagger_n whereof_o he_o die_v no_o malice_n can_v be_v prove_v yet_o so_o much_o of_o his_o intention_n by_o his_o preparation_n and_o circumstance_n appear_v to_o design_n the_o stab_a of_o the_o other_o that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v within_o the_o meaning_n though_o not_o within_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n davenport_n be_v the_o other_o judge_n of_o that_o circuit_n and_o he_o be_v deny_v his_o clergy_n and_o after_o judgement_n be_v execute_v it_o be_v then_o observe_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o immediate_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n many_o desperate_a fellow_n that_o can_v read_v as_o clark_n to_o those_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o quarrel_v withal_o will_v use_v all_o mean_n to_o make_v they_o strike_v first_o and_o then_o sudden_o stab_v they_o and_o by_o this_o way_n avoid_v the_o say_a statute_n and_o become_v guilty_a only_o of_o a_o manslaughter_n at_o common_a law_n and_o so_o receive_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n which_o the_o statute_n take_v away_o the_o other_o case_n be_v in_o the_o same_o circuit_n very_o late_o before_o mr._n justice_n pleas._n windham_n at_o the_o assize_n at_o worcester_n a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n where_o a_o father_n correct_v his_o son_n for_o some_o undutifulness_n he_o conceive_v in_o he_o have_v a_o knife_n in_o his_o hand_n be_v eat_v his_o dinner_n strike_v his_o son_n over_o the_o back_n with_o his_o knife_n and_o give_v he_o a_o stab_n whereof_o he_o die_v the_o judge_n apprehend_v this_o offence_n to_o be_v within_o the_o statute_n notwithstanding_o that_o exception_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o a_o father_n correct_v or_o chastise_v his_o child_n or_o servant_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a way_n and_o mean_n of_o correction_n whereupon_o he_o reprieve_v the_o father_n for_o some_o short_a time_n and_o advise_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n at_o sergeant_n inn_n and_o after_o he_o have_v their_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v within_o the_o statute_n he_o forthwith_o send_v down_o a_o warrant_n to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o do_v execution_n have_v receive_v judgement_n of_o death_n at_o the_o assize_n and_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n be_v although_o his_o son_n or_o servant_n die_v of_o such_o correction_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v within_o the_o say_a act_n observe_v here_o how_o necessary_a it_o be_v that_o all_o the_o circumstance_n that_o can_v be_v in_o a_o offence_n of_o blood_n be_v put_v into_o a_o indictment_n and_o be_v so_o find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n as_o it_o be_v advise_v by_o the_o king_n counsel_n where_o there_o be_v innocent_a blood_n shed_v by_o the_o party_n indict_v that_o every_o part_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n with_o all_o its_o aggravation_n may_v come_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o weigh_v by_o the_o court_n which_o otherwise_o can_v be_v as_o in_o this_o case_n of_o the_o father_n kill_v his_o son_n if_o the_o indictment_n have_v not_o be_v draw_v upon_o the_o statute_n but_o at_o common_a law_n in_o regard_n of_o that_o exception_n in_o the_o statute_n as_o the_o grand_a jury_n than_o will_v have_v have_v it_o the_o party_n have_v be_v capable_a of_o clergy_n and_o so_o may_v have_v escape_v that_o judgement_n of_o death_n if_o such_o difficulty_n appear_v to_o the_o learned_a judge_n upon_o due_a consideration_n of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o all_o circumstance_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n how_o much_o more_o will_v it_o prove_v difficult_a to_o grand_a juror_n and_o how_o little_a reason_n have_v they_o to_o expunge_v alter_v and_o obliterate_v circumstance_n of_o aggravation_n in_o such_o a_o indictment_n upon_o hear_v only_o of_o one_o side_n as_o they_o please_v and_o so_o prevent_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n therein_o take_v from_o they_o the_o power_n even_o to_o examine_v such_o a_o circumstance_n as_o may_v if_o true_o state_v and_o examine_v rule_v the_o whole_a case_n as_o before_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o the_o offence_n former_o mention_v where_o clergy_n be_v take_v away_o by_o those_o statute_n there_o be_v no_o new_a offence_n of_o felony_n or_o murder_n make_v that_o be_v not_o so_o before_o the_o make_n of_o those_o law_n as_o may_v be_v instance_a in_o murder_n robbery_n burglary_n sacrilege_n cut_v of_o purse_n steal_v of_o horse_n rape_n and_o the_o like_a but_o only_a clergy_n take_v away_o from_o the_o offender_n which_o be_v no_o more_o but_o the_o abusive_a bloody_a liberty_n of_o clerk_n in_o those_o time_n restrain_v as_o wilful_a murder_n where_o malice_n appear_v and_o other_o mix_v and_o simple_a felony_n which_o be_v then_o most_o rage_a and_o reign_v offence_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o cry_v out_o for_o a_o great_a remedy_n a_o strict_a law_n to_o be_v make_v against_o they_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o preamble_n of_o those_o statute_n that_o take_v away_o clergy_n in_o those_o special_a case_n that_o be_v murder_n and_o felony_n at_o the_o common_a law_n before_o from_o whence_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o form_n of_o indictment_n of_o felony_n or_o so_o murder_n be_v no_o way_n direct_v to_o be_v alter_v by_o those_o statute_n that_o take_v away_o clergy_n but_o be_v to_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o form_n as_o they_o do_v before_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o i_o