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A38399
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Englands grievances in times of popery drawn out of the canon law, decretal epistles and histories of those times : with reasons why all sober Protestants may expect no better dealing from the Roman-Catholicks, should God for their sins suffer them to fall under the Popes tyranny again / collected for the information and satisfaction of the English nation at this time.
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1679
(1679)
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Wing E2975; ESTC R16317
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37,708
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46
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c significavit nobis sanctitas vestra per venerabilem Patrem A. Covâ—ntrensem Litchfeldensem Episcopum dilectum fidelem nostrum P. Saracenum Civem Romanum quod gratum habereâ—is acceptum si venerabilis Pater P. Wintoniensis Episcopus cum gratia nostra reverti posset in Angliam sicut ad ejus spectat officium curam securus genere pastoralem super hoc ex parte sinceritatis vâ—strae nos rogaverunt Ad quod Sanctae Patern tati vestrae duximus respondendum Quod cum idem Episcopus Regnum nostrum ultimo exivit gratis moâ—u ductus proprio potius quam nostram vel alterius compulsionem Et etiamsi bene recolitis ad preces vestras nobâ—s specialiter inde directas sedem adiâ—t Apostolicam Vnde si memoratus Episcopus voluntatem habuerit revertendi in Regno nostro commorand bene placet nobis ipsus adventus Nec erit qui ipsum super hoc aliquatenus impediat aut cum redierit tranquilitatem ipsius perturbet licet etiam graviter versus ipsum moveremur ad Instantiam vestram conceptum rancorem siquis esset penitus et remitteremus parati et expositi tanquam filius Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae devotissimus in hiis aliis vestris inhaerere Conciliis voluntatis vestra pro viribus nostris bene placitum ad implere Teste Rege 40 die Martii Anno c. XIX The King wrote after the like manner unto the Bishop Others and those very often were called to Rome to answer Complaints or Private Mens Suits by which occasion the King lost the use of their Service and a great part of the Wealth and Substance of this Realm was spent in the Court of Rome SECT 13. â—â—vestiture into Bishopricks and the Kings assent in choice of Bishops taken from him 13. It is well known that the King hath special Interest in the Choice and Investitures of Prelates unto Bishopricks both because a great part of the good Government of his People dependeth upon the good Government of that State and also because in those times he furnished himself with Counsellours taken out of the Number and employed others in places of weighty and most necessary Services of the Realm Wherefore the Kings of England were ever by the Ancient Customs and Laws of the Land allowed their Assent and Directions in all Elections of Persons unto those places This right hath been strangely oppugned by divers Popes some of them disturbing Elections made by the Consent of the King and others bestowing Bishopricks at Pleasure without Election at all and against the Kings will The first that stirred that Quarrel in England was Anselm Arch-bishop of Canterbury For when the Kings of England needy of Moneys borrowed of the Clergy great Loans never to pay again he to exempt himself from Subjection to the King laboured to make his Archbishoprick to depend meerly on the Pope not on the King although he had acquired it by the Concession and free Gift of the King Anselm then being promoted in the year 1092 to the Archbishoprick by King William Rufus the King having franckly bestowed that rich Bishoprick upon him soon after would extort from him a great Sum of Money for the exigence of his Affairs as claiming some recompence for his Gift Anselm refused to give it and stealing away privately out of England went to Pope Vrban the second who at that time was Violently Prosecuting against the Emperour Henry IV the Quarrel of Investiture begun by his Predecessours Gregory VII This Vrban liking the Prudence and Dexterity of Anselm gave ear â—o his Counsel and gave him the Archbishops Pall thereby voiding â—he Investiture which he had received from King William Du Moulin contr Card du Perron l. 1. 7. cap. 11. and obliâ—ing him there-after to depend upon him This Anselm did so behaâ—ing himself ever after as holding his Arch-bishoprick by the Popes Ordination not by the King's Concession The King being herewith incensed Prohibited Anselm to enter inâ—o his Kingdom confiscated the Lands and Estate of the Arcbishoâ—rick and by an express Edict declared That the Bishops held their â—laces and Estates meerly from him and were not subject unto the Pope for the same And that he had the same rights in his Kingdom â—s the Emperour had in the Empire At length it was determined â—hat all the Abbots and Bishops of England should be called togeâ—her to judge of this Controversie Bp. Godwins Catal. of Bps. They met at Rockingham-Caâ—tle and the Matter being proposed by the King for fear or â—lattery saith Bishop Godwin they all assented unto him and â—orsook their Archbishop All the Bishops of England subscribed except only Gondulphus Bishop of Rochester By the Intervention of Friends Anselm made his Peace but afâ—er his return from Rome holding a strict league with the Pope â—e began again soon after to disswade the Clergy from receiving â—nvestitures from the King wherefore he was constrained to fly the second time out of the Kingdom and his Estate was again seized upon and conficated to which he was restored at his return He came then to Pope Vrban who received him honourably as a Confessor suffering for the Cause of Christ The year after Vrban kept a Council at Clermont in Avergne whereby he granted full Pardon of Sins to all that should contribute to the expedition into the Holy Land c. In the same Council he decreed that thence-forth it should not be lawful for any Prelate or Ecclesiastical Man to receive the Investiture or Collation of a Benefice or Church-dignity from the hand of any Lay Person But the Princes derided these Decrees and retained the Possession or these Investitures In the year 1099 King William and Pope Vrban died Henry the First succeeded William who sought to be reconciled with Anselm and called him home again But Anselm being obliged by an Oath to the Pope prevailed with the King that a Council should be gathered at London where he declared the Order he had from the Pope That no Lay Man should have the Power to confer any Investiture and began to degrade the Bishops promoted by the Kings Nomination refusing to consecrate some Bishops named by the King King Henry being highly displeased banished him out of England presently and confiscated his Goods Whilst these things passed in England Pope Paschal prosecuted the Quarrel of his Predecessors against the Emperor Henry IV. He caused the Emperors own Son to rebel against his Father who soon after dying with Grief was so forsaken that Pope Paschal would not suffer him to be buried for his Carcass lay five years at Spire rotting without any Christian Burial The new Emperor Henry V past presently into Italy after the Death of his Father where the Pope hoping to be recompensed for helping him in his Conspiracy against his Father found himself deceived for when he press'd him to renounce the Rights of Investitures which his Ancestors as
Sigebert saith had enjoyed above three hundred years the Emperor grew very Angry and laying hold of this Pope Paschal committed him to close Prison Neither would he release him till he had renounced his claim to the Investitures and Collations of Benefices saying to him in in scorn that which Jacob said to the Angel wrestling with him I will not let thee go before thou hast given me thy Blessing Then Paschal to redeem himself out of Captivity granted to Henry that both he and the Popes after him should leave unto the Emperors the peaceable enjoying of the Investitures of Ecclesiastical Dignities by the Ring and the Staff Also that none should be Consecrated Bishop without an Investiture from the Emperor The Pope and the Emperor reciprocally bound themselves by Oath upon the Host of the Mass which they received together But because that Oath was extorted the Pope thought not himself obliged to keep it So he brake that Agreement and excommunicated Henry and all Princes usurping Investitures This accident confirmed Henry the First King of England in a resolution to retain the Investitures of his Kingdom And that Order was held in England for a long time Only the Popes that they might not be injurious to their pretences by a long Prescription would send the Pall to some Prelats invested by the King confirming that which they could not alter and giving an Approbation which was not sought from them And further as to Elections of Bishops the great Troubles that were in the Reign of King John grew upon no other occasion than because the King refused Stephen Langton whom the Pope would have thrust into the See of Canterbury Mat. Paris fol. 299. notwithstanding that there had passed a former Election of another with the Kings assent and that the King justly alledged he might not trust Langâ—on in his Realm because he had a long time been on the part of his Enemies The King menaced the Pope and his Creatures seized the Temporalities of the Archbishop banished him his Paâ—ents and Kindred with the Monks of Canterbury as Traitors By his and the Prelats Treachery confederating with him the Kingdom was interdicted the King excommunicated his Subjects absolved from their Allegiance he and his deprived of the Crown given to the French King enforced to resign his Kingdom to the Pope become his sworn Tributary Vassal and Homager to renounce the ancient Rights of his Crown to receive Stephen and his Confederats to favour to restore them to their Bishopricks with the Profits and Damages sustained by their Exile before the King could be absolved The King is forced to humble himself before him and swear to him before he would absolve him He instigates the Nobles against the King threatens to excommunicate him and revive the interdicts if he proceeded by Arms against them He was very severe against the Clergy-men who adhered faithfully to King John He excites the Barons to take up Arms against the King for their Liberties extorts the Great Charter from him with new additional Clauses wresteth a new Charter for the Election of Bishops and Abbots from him and of the Patronage and Royalties of the Bishoprick of Rochester as absolutely as the King enjoyed them To requite which he surrendered the Castle and Ammunition of Rochester to the Barons He refuseth to execute the Popes Excommunication though oft pressed to it by the Legat and others He is aecused and suspended in the Council at Rome for confederating with the Barons against the King A just retaliation At length his Suspension is token off but he not to return into England till Peace made betwixt the King and his Barons Ralph N. v l Bishop of Chichester and Chancellour of England being chosen Archbishop by the Monks of Canterbury was approved by the King and put in Possession of the Temporalties by and by The Monks of Canterbury thereupon pressing the Pope to confirm his Election Anno 123â— the Pope made diligent enquiry of Simon Langton Brother to Stephen elected but rejected by King John and the Pope too at his request to be Archbishop of York concerning Ralphs Person and Disposition Simon told the Pope that he was an hot Fellow Stout Subtle an old Courtier and very gracious with the King and therefore that he would make variance betwixt him and the King and cause him to deny the payment of that Tribute granted unto him by King John This was enough so without any more ado he dissolved the Election never alledging any matter of Exception against him but willed the Monks to chose another Then the Monks chose one John their Sub-prior He being called to Rome and first charged with insufficiency but sufficiently cleared thereof by the testimony of certain Cardinals to whose Examination he was referred he was yet in the end compelled to give over his right to that See And after some other several Elections of Archbishops to that See Mat. Paris fol. 502 515. made with the Kings Allowance they were all one after another declared void by the Pope In the Reign of King Edward the Second Anno 1313 after the Death of Robert Winchelsey Archbishop of Canterbury the Monks of Canterbury elected for his Successour one Thomas Cobham Dean of Salisbury and Prebend of York a Man of such Vertue and Learning that he was commonly called by the Name of the Good Clerk but the Pope bestowed that place upon Walter Reynolds SECT 14. Patronages disturbed and Benefices bestowed upon Aliens 14. In other Promotions and Ecclesiastical Livings the Popes usurped a larger liberty of bestowing them at their will upon such as they made choice of or upon themselves without regard of any Mans right to present or whether the Persons upon whom those Livings were bestowed were the Natural Subjects of the Realm or not Whereupon ensued many Mischiefs one was that a great part of the Wealth of this Realm was bestowed and spent in Forreign Parts Another that many Aliens flocking into the Realm to occupy these Promotions their presence here was dangerous to the State and the King unfurnished of fit Persons being his Liege-Subjects to imploy in necessary and secret Services of this Realm Thirdly That the Natural Subject was discouraged and sought not to make himself fit for any place of Service by diligence in Study seeing that the Rewards of Learning were carried away by Strangers Of these are many Examples in our Histories and the wrong complained of from time to time In the Reign of King Henry the Third Pope Gregory before his Death to carry on his Wars and Designs against the Emperor Frederick and throw him out of the Empire Anno 1240 intended by way of Provision to confer all the Benefices in England especially of the Clergy and Religious Persons on the Sons of Romans and other Forreigners sending his Bulls to three Bishops â—iz to Edmond Archbishop of York the Bishops of Lincoln and Saâ—um to confer no less than 300 of the next Benefices that