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A56069 A prospect of Hungary, and Transylvania with a catalogue of the kings of the one, and the princes of the other; together with an account of the qualities of the inhabitants, the commodites of the countries, the chiefest cities, towns, and strong-holds, rivers, and mountains. Whereunto is added an historical narrative of the bloody wars amongst themselves, and with the Turks; continued to this present year 1664. As also a brief description of Bohemia, Austria, Bavaria, Steirmark, Croatia, Dalmatia, Moravia, Silesia, Carinthia, Carniola, and some other adjacent countries contained in a mapp affixed hereunto: in which mapp all the places that are in the power of the Turk have a crescent, or half moon over them; and those in the possession of the Christians have a cross. 1664 (1664) Wing P3808; ESTC R222509 39,973 58

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time Rakoczi besieged and took in Tyrnaw where He prospers at the request of the Protestant Preacher he used much clemency to the Popishs Bishop and Noblemer Peace made But at last a Peace was concluded betwixt him and the Emperor wherein seven Lordships in Hungary were setled upon Rakoczi ninety Churches were restored to the Protestants and the rest of their Priviledges were confirmed to them Anno Christi 1646 Ferdinand 4th King of Hunga y. His death Ferdinand the fourth in his Fathers life time was crowned King of Hungary and in the year 1648 Prince Rakoczi died and was succeeded by his young Son George Rakoczi and in the year 1653 King Ferdinand the fourth died having been Crowned King of the Romans being but two and twenty years old leaving all his Dignities and Dominions to his Brother Leopold Ignatius Anno Christi 1656 the King of Sweden Charolus Adolphus having invaded Poland and Conquered much of it invited Prince Rakoczi to his Assistance Rakoczi goes into Poland who entring into Confederacy with him raised a great Army with which he entred into Poland where he made great spoils beating down the Images in Churches out of an hatred to the Romish Religion At last he joyned with the Swede and both of them besiged Cracovia which after a short defence was surrendred to them they destroyed most of the City of Casimer which stood on the other side of the Weysel and in Lituania they took in the strong City of Biscea But the King of Denmark at this time falling into some of the Swedes Countries and the Duke of Brandenburg also renouncing the Kings Interest the King of Sweden was faign to retreat out of Poland to look to his own home and thereby Rakoczi was left in the lurch He is deserted The King of Poland in the mean time by his Ambassador at Constantinople having bribed some of the Chief Officers procured a Command from the Great Turk to Rakoczi to return into his own Country He had also made a League with the Emperor who sent him sixteen thousand men to assist him against the Transylvanian These considerations moved Rakoczi to send to the King of Poland for Peace but he returned delatory answers till they had hemmed in the Transylvanians that there was no possibility for their escape but by fighting their way through them which accordingly they did His return and so retired into their own Country This same year 1657 died the Emperor Ferdinand the third Ignatius Leopold made Emperor leaving two Sons behind him Ignatius Leopoldus and Charles Joseph the Elder succeeded in the Empire though with much regreat because he was but seventeen years old and by their Golden Bull and Custome none should be chosen under eighteen Rakoczi opposed by the Turk Prince Rakoczi being returned into his own Country a Chiaux from the Great Turk met him and commanded him to resign his Principality to one Radus but he delayed to do it and sought to strengthen himself by the help of Neighbour Princes who yet forsook him all but the Princes of Moldovia and Walachia But the Turk meeting with troubles at home suffered him to be quiet for the present yet the next year he sent an Army against him through Walachia against which the Vayvod opposing himself was totally routed by the Turks and forced with rich Presents and large promise of Hostility against Rakoczi to make his Peace Soon after the Bassa of Buda was commanded upon the same service who marching into Transylvania attempted the taking of Arad but the Transylvanian and Hungarian Forces being neer took advantage of some confusion amongst the Turks at their first coming set upon them and with their great Guns so shatered them that they were forced to fly and leave their Camp many of them perishing in the River Mur. Here were taken some of their Chief Officers which so incensed the Great Turk that he threatened to flea the Bassa of Buda unless he presently brought him the Head of Rakoczi Anno Christi 1660 the Turk sent greater Forces into Transylvania and Prince Rakoczi encountered them at Hermanstadt and he behaved himself very Valiantly killing seventeen men with his own hands whereupon the Turks were routed and left the Victory to the Transylvanians about seven Thousand of them being slain upon the Place and Prince Rakoczi in their pursuit received five wounds and five days after being brought to Great Waradin Rakoczi dies he there died His death gave great advantage and encouragment to the Turks who with renewed forces so pressed upon the Transylvanians that they were forced to betake themselves to their strong holds whereupon General Souches had order from Vienna to march into Transylvania and defend it against the Turks This he did and possessed himself of some strong places In July this year the Turk with one hundred thousand men besieged Great Waradin Waradine besieged which was bravely defended by the Governour Collonel Gaude a Scotchman but in August that Gallant man was slain by an unhappy shot which so discouraged the City that being without hope of relief they surrendred it upon Tearms being a passage into Transylvania Hungary and Poland Rakoczi being dead Radus Prince of Transylvania and his Cousin Radus disliked by the Turk there was one Barckay that made himself Prince of Transylvania and was assisted by the Turk by which means he took in some places pretending that he would resign them to the Emperor though it proved otherwise About this time there appeared a Comet with the Head towards Transylvania A Comet and the tail towards Dalmatia which seemed to Portend the great evils and mischiefes that did ensue The right successor of Rakoczi was Remini Janos who was owned by many of the Transylvanians but strongly opposed by Barckay and the Turks Yet Anno Christi 1661 he fought with them at Thassabat and made a great slaughter of them but at last being oppressed with numbers he was forced to leave the Country The Emperor perceiving that the Turks had a design upon Hungary he raised an Army sending part of it into Transylvania and at that time Count Nicholas Serini raised a strong Fort over against Canisia or Chanischa naming it Serinswar Serinswar built which so provoked the Turk that he demanded that the Fort should be demolished that Serini should be punished and Transylvania left to him This made the Christians to understand his meaning and to look to themselves The preparations of the Turk In the mean time the Turk raised a mighty Army and provided an answerable proportion of Victuals Ammunition and Artillery and the Emperor had in Hungary an Army of thirty eight thousand Germans whom the Hungarians favored not by reason of their difference in Religion so that by October The Emperors Army moulders away through want of accommodations and by surfeits which they took through immoderate drinking of Wine eating of Fruits it mouldred
Language is most used The soil in Hungary is wonderful fruitful Their commodities yielding Corn and Fruits in great abundance The Grass in some places as in the Isle of Comora exceeds the heigth of a man which doth breed such a number of Cattel that this Country alone is thought to be able to serve all Europe with flesh they yearly send into Germany and Sclavonia eight thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridge Pheasant in such superfluity that any man that will may kill them The other commodities of the Country are store of Silver Copper Iron Steel Tin Lead Vitrial which they send into divers Countries Yea and Gold which they not onely find in Mines but also in the Sand of some of their Rivers There are also great store of Sheep Stags Fallow Deer Goates Hares wild Boars Wolves Bears and such like beasts Besides Goshawkes and many other Birds There is scarce any other Country that hath more and greater Rivers than Hungary nor more Navigable The Rivers nor better stored with Fish There is the Danow which rising out of Nigra Sylva or the Schwartzen-Wald as the Germans call it at a little Village of Schwaben about two Dutch Miles from the Shoars of the Rhine passeth through Schwaben Bavaria Austria Hungary c. and runs by the Cities of Ulm Regensberg Passaw Vienna Rab Buda c Belgrade beyond which it beginneth to be called Ister and receiving into its channel from the long Tracts of the Alps the Sarmatian and Carpathian Mountains above sixty Navigable Rivers besides lesser Brooks disgorgeth his full stomach out of seven Mouths into the lap of the Euxine Sea the whole length of his course being fifteen hundred Miles Whence a modern Poet said Cedere Danubius se tibi Nile negat O seven-mouth'd Nile I plainly see Danow will scare give place to thee 2. Savus which rising in Carniola falls into Danow 3. Dravus which rises in Carinthia and falls into Danow 4. Tibuscus or the Tisse which rises in Maramufia under the high tops of the Carpathian Mountains and abounds more with Fish than any other of the Rivers of Hungary for they find in it great store of Surgeons Pikes which sometimes have Livers of an Ell long Carps c. whence they use to say that in this River two parts are water and the third Fish There are also many other Rivers wherein are great store of Trouts Salmons Perches Lampries Barbels c. A famous Lake There is also a famous Lake called Balatan by the Dutch Platse which is in length forty Italian Miles but of breadth unequal In some places it s ten Miles broad in others but three The Rarities of Hungary There be also many Medicinal waters and more hot Baths than any one country hath in Europe Some waters their be of a strange nature whereof some falling upon the ground are turned into Stone Others about the Town of Smolnice which falling into Ditches make a kind of mud out of which being tried and melted they make very good Copper and some again which flow in Winter and freeze in Summer And neer unto Bistrice or Mensol there is a Spring or Fountain out of which comes a green Water whereof they make Solder for their Gold This Country also abounds in Mineral Salt at Maromarusia and other places which they cut like unto a stone There are also hot waters whose Fish being taken out and put into cold water dies presently The waters of the County of Liptove neer unto the Village of St John are good against Scabs In the Territory of Zepus there are waters in which Wood is turned into Stone and neer unto St Martins Church in the same place there is a water which seems to boil the which turns into stone both above and under ground and this Stone is almost like unto the Pumeise In the Country of Zolie there is a Gulf or breach in the ground which casts forth such a deadly stink as it kills the Birds that fly over it Neer unto Javerin upon the Banks of the River Danow towards the East are to be seen some remainders of Trajans Bridge Trajans Bridge built upon that River in Moesia an admirable and memorable work consisting of twenty Arches of square stone which Arches were a hundred and fifty foot high besides the foundation and sixty foot broad and each Arch was seventy foot wide It s a thing to be admired by what means force or Art they could build these several Pillars in this deep and violent stream and lay the foundations of so great a burden the bottom of the River being so deep of mud and there being no means to turn the course of the Water he Arches above the Water were demolished by the command of Adrian the Emperor but the Piles stand still for a Testimony ●o Posterity that there was nothing impossible to the power and wealth of the Roman Empire The Principal Mountains of this Country are 1. Carpatus The Mountains the Sarmatian or Carpathian Mountains spoken of before 2. Matzan neer to the City of Agria whereon grow brave Trees in abundance 3. Erdol the highest of all the rest The Christian Faith was first planted here in the time of King Steven surnamed the Saint They receive the Christian Faith being invited and perswaded thereunto by the Emperor Henry the second who upon this condition gave to this Steven in marriage his Sister Gilla and it was effected by the preaching and industry of Albert Arch-Bishop of Prague Anno Christi 1016 or thereabouts Since which time Christianity hath continued here without interruption having been defended gallantly and bravely against the Turks for a long time But now Mahumatism is much spread over a great part of it by reason of those many places which the Turks hold in it As for the Christians some pertinaciously adhere to the Church of Rome Some follow the Doctrine of Luther and some that of Calvin Their Divisions Besides which there are Arians Anabaptists and other Hereticks crept in amongst them Yet all these different parties agree in this to punish Adultery and Fornication with Death The Father forcing his Daughter the Husband his Wife the Brother his Sister to the place of Execution The worthiest Schollar that ever this Kingdom produced was St Jerome The best Scholars and Captains a worthy Father of the Latine Church who was born in Stridon and of later years Steven Kis surnamed Zegedine from the place of his birth and the most worthy of their Souldiers were John Huniades who so valiantly resisted and repelled the incursions of the Turks and slew of them fifty thousand at the Battel of Maxon and after him was Matthias Corvinus his Son King of Hungary of whom a Poet writes thus Patriae decus unica stirpis Gloria Pannonicae caedis fortissimus ult●r His Countries pride the Glory of his Race Revenger of th' Hungarians late disgrace Their Government The King of Hungary Governs