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A47601 A medium betwixt two extremes wherein it is proved that the whole first Adam was condemned and the whole second Adam justified : being a sermon lately preached on Rom. 8:1 and now published to prevent the further controversy (in one main point) about justification : to which are added reflections on some passages in Mr. Clark's new book called Scripture-Justification / by Benjamin Keach. Keach, Benjamin, 1640-1704.; Clark, Samuel, 1626-1701. Scripture justification. 1698 (1698) Wing K77; ESTC R29062 30,374 54

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Shew you why such who are in Jesus Christ shall not cannot come into a state of Condemnation IV. Shew you what kind of Persons they are which are in Christ Jesus V. Apply it I. The first Proposition is this viz. That all Mankind even the Elect as well as others are under Condemnation before their actual Vnion with Jesus Christ 1. This I shall prove 2. Apply First Because the Elect as 〈◊〉 as others fell in the first Adam and by virtue of the fall they were brought under Condemnation Therefore as by the Offence of one Judgment came upon all Men to Condemnation even so c. not one Soul of all his Posterity escaped the Sentence Judgment and Condemnation past not upon Adam for his first Sin as a single Person but as he was a common Head a publick Person or the Representative of all Mankind that proceed from his loins that Sentence that past upon Adam unto Condemnation as he was a publick Person passed upon all Men in him even the Elect as well as others but the Sentence passed upon Adam unto Condemnation as he was a publick Person therefore that Sentence passed upon all Men in him even upon the Elect as well as others Secondly All Men even the Elect as well as others before Faith or their actual Union with Jesus Christ are under Sin and horrid Guilt they are all gone out of the way they are together become unprofitable there is none that doeth good no not one Mind what the Apostle affirms ver 9. For we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles that they are all under Sin that is under the Power Guilt and Condemnation of Sin I am my Brethren but a doing of that which Paul laboured to do But further to prove and demonstrate that this is so 1st Evident it is that all are born in Sin all come into the World with the stain and guilt of Original Sin upon them Behold I was shapen in Iniquity and in Sin did my Mother conceive me Moreover how doth Paul aggravate this Sin and bewail himself for it this is beloved the Fountain and Root of all Sin our corrupt Nature proceedeth from Original Sin the first transgression Can Man be clean that is born of a Woman Adam begat a Son in his own likeness i.e. a sinful Creature like guilty and unclean as himself not in God's likeness having his Image resembling him no but contrariwise was more like unto Satan and resembling him than God There are three things in this Sin as it is noted by a worthy Writer 1. A particular Act which he did namely the breaking the Law of the first Covenant 2. The legal Guilt that flowed from that Act both upon his own Person and upon all his Posterity by Imputation 3. That Natural pravity and corruption of our whole Nature in Soul and Body the whole Man being defiled And from hence comes Wrath and Condemnation upon all Men. Now Brethren let me here add one thing to your consideration viz. tho Adam fell by this Sin in his own Person under Condemnation as well as we in him yet afterwards when he believed and received by Faith the free promise of God in the Seed of the Woman he came into a Justified State Adam no doubt was an Elect Person the promise of Christ being directly made to him who was also a Figure of him that was to come But now it would follow that if the Elect were never under the Sentence of Wrath and Condemnation then Adam notwithstanding what I have said was not and if Adam was not in his own Person under it for his first Sin then none of his Seed or Posterity were But how absurd and contrary such a Notion is to Truth I leave to all Mens Consideration 2ly As all Men are under Sin and Guilt by Original Transgression so they are also by their own actual Sins the Wages of Sin is Death yea eternal Death for there is no difference for all have sinned and come short of the Glory of God Originally there is no difference in respect of Sin and Guilt nor actually neither between Jews and Gentiles the Elect and Reprobates in respect of their State before Grace 3ly This also further appears because the Elect before they are in Christ are by Nature the Children of Wrath as well as others Our sinful Nature is the proper object of God's Wrath every one having a natural aversness to God in them yea an antipathy to him and enmity in their Carnal Minds against him and hence also it is said that God hates and is angry with all the Workers of Iniquity Thirdly All Men before Grace and Union with Jesus Christ are in a State of Condemnation because they are all under the Covenant of Works and if all Unbelievers are under the Covenant of Works then they are under Guilt and Wrath. Now we know that whatsoever the Law saith it saith to them who are under Law that every mouth might be stopped and all the World may become guilty before God that is obnoxious to God's just Judgment and Condemnation Christ is the end of the Law to every one that believeth Not to any other not to any one that believeth not If Believers only are in the new Covenant or Covenant of Grace then all that are in a state of Unbelief are in the Covenant of Works and so under the Curse and Condemnation of the Law For all must be in one or the other Covenant and in the first or second Adam Brethren the Sentence of the Law lies upon the Elect before they are in Christ tho Christ hath received their Discharge for them yet in their own Persons they are not acquitted Sirs Christ came only to redeem them that were under the Law and the Curse thereof And now if the Elect were not under the Law and the Curse who were they that he came to redeem it appears they were not the Elect by this strange Notion nor indeed if it be as some hint the Elect had no need of Redemption for if not under Guilt Wrath and Condemnation what Redemption did they need But when the fulness of time came God sent forth his Son made of a Woman made under the Law to redeem them that were under the Law that we might receive the adoption of Sons Fourthly That the Elect as well as others before Union c. are under the Curse of the Law and Condemnation appears because Christ bore the Curse of the Law and was condemned for them or in their stead if they were not under the Curse of the Law Why did God lay Jesus Christ our Surety under the Curse thereof Christ hath redeemed us from the Curse of the Law being made a Curse for us How redeemed from that which we were never under Now there is a twofold Curse of the Law 1. An Original Curse in Adam this
Nations when he was not then the Father of one Isaac God saw us in the first Adam condemned and in the second Adam justified at one and the same time even from Eternity but will it follow from thence that we were both actually condemned and actually justified from Eternity yet as our Annotators note concerning Abraham he was the Father of many Nations in God's sight or before him who as Paul adds quickneth the dead and that calleth things that are not as if they were Will any say as to matter of Fact that thing is when God's Word says it is not now they affirm this because it was so to God or before him who beholds things long before they are or do exist or have a being So then my Brethren the Controversy if there be any lies not in the case of Justification in respect had to what a sight God hath of it or how matters are before his eyes before whom or in whose sight all things were done from Eternity which were not actually done until things and persons in time did or do actually exist But it lies in this viz. when or at what time a Sinner is pronounced a righteous Person being actually pardoned acquitted and discharged from Condemnation or personally justified as to matter of Fact 3. Brethren that Righteousness by which we are justified is call'd a Gift Do we receive the Righteousness of Christ before we received Christ himself Moreover certainly no Man receives Christ till he receives the Spirit of Christ Now the Apostle declares expresly that when we receive Grace at leastwise in the Seed then also we receive the Gift of Righteousness They that receive abundance of Grace and the Gift of Righteousness c. From the whole it is evident that until we do receive Christ and have Union with him we receive not his Righteousness or are not personally justified but are under the Condemnation of the Law Seventhly Moreover this further will appear because Justification of our Persons makes a relative Change tho not a real Change a relative Change is a Change of the State of the Person viz. He that was dead dead in Law is brought into a State of Life there is my Brethren the Life of Justification and the Life of Sanctification I mean the former viz. the Life of Justification This thy Brother was dead and is alive again and was lost and is found He that was a child of Wrath is now become a Child of God Such who were not God's People are now his People He that was condemned is now actually justified But if we were delivered from Condemnation before we were in Christ Jesus and so personally justified this Act of Justification makes no such relative change for then it will follow that the Elect were never dead in Law but alive and in a good State when Unbelievers and gross Sinners Swearers Drunkards Whoremongers Thieves and what not for such were some of you And not the Children of Wrath before but the Children of God and not condemned but justified not under the Law but under Grace Or else this Absurdity will follow viz. that a Man may be dead and alive a Child of Wrath and yet a Child of God be actually condemned and yet be actually justified at one and the same time Obj. The Elect we say are not justified in their own Consciences or have not the evidence of it until they believe They were acquitted and justified before but they did not know it Ans This will not help nor alter the case in the least the purport of this is i.e. my state was good but I did not know it I was alive a Child of God and Justified but did not know it or had not the feeling or sensible comfort and evidence of it in my own Soul I had a personal Right and Title to the eternal Inheritance but the Deeds and Evidence were not in my own sight Brethren it is one thing to have a thing in my own actual Possession and another thing to know I have it I am not a speaking of what a sight God might have of Men or how he sees or how things are before him before whom or in whose sight the World was from eternity but of things that actually be or do actually exist and take hold of Persons c. the Decree and Purpose of God without the execution of it brings nothing actually to be or to exist tho his Decree doth render the thing certain to be in time I deny not that fundamental and representative Justification of the Elect in Christ their Head or as a common Person which is before Faith which lies in Christ making full Satisfaction for all their Sins and meriting Faith for them I also grant a federal Union of the Elect with Christ as our Surety and blessed Sponsor from Eternity who also then received a grant of a discharge for them from Condemnation upon his holy Compact and Covenant with the Father on the account of what he was to do and suffer which made Justification and Salvation sure for them all see 2 Tim. 1.9 Tit. 1.2 I say it was sure for them 1. By God's eternal and unchangable Decree and Purpose 2. By virtue of that Covenant made between the Father and the Son in behalf of the Elect from eternity 3. And also by the Death and Resurrection of Christ for Christ was actually justified when he rose from the dead Now we grant that he was not justified as a single but as a publick Person viz. as the Head and Representative of all the Elect. See what a Reverend Author says For this was a legal acquittance given to Christ for all our Sins and so to us also considered as in him his Death was but the Satisfaction and Payment but this is the first Act of absolution yea and it is the Original Act which is upon record between God and Christ and our Justification and Atonement when we are justified by Faith in Christ is but a copy fetch'd from this Roll and Court-Sentence then pronounced But notwithstanding this I say tho Christ was thus justified and we virtually in him when he arose from the Dead and he received for us an actual discharge as our Surety yet the Elect do not receive an actual discharge or are not in their own Persons acquitted or pronounced justified and righteous Persons until they have actual Union with Christ and such as call this a contradiction do but betray their own Ignorance Take the said Doctor again in what he farther says viz. saith he Lest there be a mistake let me add this that it is necessary that we be justified in our own Persons by Faith notwithstanding this former Act thus legally passed whereby we lay hold upon what God did thus before for us in Christ to the end that God upon our believing may according to his own Rules justify his justifying of us unto all