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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	england_n	france_n	king_n	7,486	5	4.2511	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A10985	A treatise of the interest of the princes and states of Christendome. Written in French by the most noble and illustrious Prince, the Duke of Rohan. Translated into English by H.H.; De l'interest des princes. English	Rohan, Henri, duc de, 1579-1638.; Hunt, Henry, 17th/18th cent.	1640 (1640)	STC 21253; ESTC S119221	39,359	136

perpetuated and because shee would not be violently incountred hereafter shee has essayed to put downe those who had lawfull right to interrupt that course endeauoring likewise to lift vp her selfe by abolishing the lawes of the Empire and by vsurping the principall States and Townes thereof The first euident occasion that has manifested in our time this designe was vpon the succession of Cleues and Iulliers which happened in the beginning of March the yeare 1609. occasioned by the death of Iohn William who hauing noe children of his owne left this goodly heritage to his foure sisters married to the Elector of Brandebourg to the Duke of Neubourg to the Duke of Deu ponts and to the Marquesse of Turgaw The first of these laied claime to the succession entire as indiuisible hauing married the eldest The second makes the same claime because the eldest sister died before the brother and his wife was the eldest of the sisters liuing The two other say that it ought to be equally parted betwixt them all foure Moreouer the Electour of Saxonie reuiued an old title and also the Duke of Neuers another Brandebourg and Neubourg enter in possession the Emperour becomes offended thereat pretending that the whole heritage ought to be sequestred into his hands and each of them to vndergoe his ordinance He sends thither Leopold a Prince of hie owne House who seiseth on Iulliers the principall fortresse of the Country The Princes that were in possession seeing such an obstacle judged well that this sequestration tended to an vsurpation and not thinking themselues able enough to resist in regard of the neighbourhood of Flanders and of the best forces of Spaine who in an occasion so aduantageous for the House of Austria would not faile to helpe her kinseman they haue recourse to those who were principally interessed to impeach the amplification of the said House They rallie to their defence France England and the Low-countries with the most part of the Protestant Princes of Germanie who made such a mightie warlike prouision to recouer Iulliers seised by the said Leopold that notwithstanding the vnexpected death of Henry which happened before the execution yet the designe was happily accomplished Spaine not daring to oppose it One may see in this affaire euery one 's true interest That of the Emperour was to make vse of the occasion to catch hold of such an Estate in Germanie That of the King of Spaine to assist him therein as well for the principall end which is the aduancement of the whole House as for the neighbourhood of the said State to Flanders That of the lawfull successours was to maintaine their owne right That of the Germaine Princes not to suffer that Power whereof they were jealous to be strengthened by their owne weakening And the interests of France England and Holland were not to permit the amplifying of all the House of Austria Hitherto euery one played his game aright but Marie for to support the interests of Spaine that promised her to maintaine hers euen to the end abandonneth those of France and againe secondeth the trouble about this succession The occasion was offred by the imprudence of the Princes that held the possession which caused the King of Spaine to reattempt the businesse The sonnes of Brandebourg and Newbourg did joyntly gouerne this faire Estate The forteresses were guarded by equall garrisons they dwelt in the same Pallace and managed their affaires with one common hand But this lasted not long it being no easie matter to gouerne a State long time after this manner without dissension especially between two Princes of diuerse houses where there is also diuersitie of Religion They beganne to enter into jealousie one of another Those that were friends to them both and interessed in their subsistence perceiuing the same and fearing least their misintelligence should increase perswaded them to make an alliance together Newbourg agrees thereto goes to the Electour Brandebourg and requires of him his daughter in marriage But as the best meates being corrupted turne into the strongest poison so in the most wholesome counsell giuen to these Princes to confirme their amitie there was found occasion of a most implacable hatred which caused the ruine of them both in the said succession For whil'st they were in the deboshes of their feastes the Electour vpon some discourse that did not please him offended Newbourg so farre euen in his owne house and at the table as to giue him a boxe on the eare for which he would not afterward make him any teasonable satisfaction In such wise that in stead of a wife he carries backe an offence so engrauen in his heart as he admitteth noe other counsell but that of reuenge This spirit thus exasperated being vpon returne to Cleue-land it was easie for the Spaniards to gaine him to them They made meanes to marrie him with the sister of the Duke of Bauaria perswaded him to turne Catholike for to make all the Catholike league of Germanie to be on his side they take him into protection and giue him a pension The vnited States seeing how prejudiciall this change would be to them they supported Brandebourg These Princes from suspicions doe come to attempts Newbourg seiseth on Dusseldorp Brandebourg on Iulliers from whence the King of Spaine takes a pretexte to stirre and armeth powerfully to recouer the same The States on the other side prepare to defend it They furnish it with men and munition fitt to sustaine a great siege The true interests of France being forsaken they had nothing from thence but words and Embassages England seeing France had giuen off was contented to doe the like in sending her Embassadours The Princes of Germanie seeing themselues forsaken of these two Crownes and diuided amongst themselues both by Religion and by the different affections that they bore to those two Princes they therefore stirre not at all Spaine finding now noe other opposition but onely from the vnited States prosecuteth her intentions and whilst shee amuseth the Ambassadours of these two Kings shee sends Spinola into the country with a puissāt Armie who in stead of setting vpon Iulliers which was then but a rude entreprise he goes to inuade the States he passeth the Rhine assaults and takes wezel within foure dayes Maurice seeing this exploit he delayes no longer leaues the Ambassadours in their negociation takes Rez and Emerik and at length a thing neuer before seene these two Armies seize vpon this heritage without impeachment one of another without breaking the Truce and also without making any skirmish at all For when one of these Captaines had possessed a place the other still retired not pretending any thing there So as he that was most diligent made the most progression The reason of this gentle dealing was because Spinola knew well the Armie of Maurice to be better then his owne Maurice likewise well vnderstood that the safeguard of the States consisted in the subsistence of his Armie So as he beleeued he

himselfe without him resolued to graunt that which he could not hinder and to acknowledge him for King it being à maxime of Rome to gouerne according to euents to the end that shee loose not that reuerence and respect which Shee endeauours throughly to preserue and without which her autoritie would be but a small matter Philip fallen from such an hope continues his assistance neuerthelesse to the residue of the Leaguers Besides he inciteth Emanuel Duke of Sauoy at that time his sonne-in-law to set vpon Prouence thereby to diuert him from the pursuite of his claime to the Dutchie of Milaine in right of his wife's dowrie Henry seeing this obstinacie declares himselfe openly and denounceth warre against Philip. The successe thereof was various and yet after the recouerie of Amiens by Henry Philip seeing himselfe very neere his graue his Sonne yong and Henry in the vigour of his age he resolued on a peace which was concluded at Veruins the yeare 1597. wherein he restoreth all that he held of France and then died It behooueth now to consider the interest of the Princes inueloped in this affaire what faultes they therein committed and what were the euents thereof Henry the third whose interest consisted in not suffering diuerse factions in his Kingdome in preseruing the Princes of the blood since he had noe children of his owne and in keeping vnder those which lifted vp themselues to the prejudice of his Royall authoritie yet he did quite contrarie For he fomented the said factions in stead of extinguishing them and euen joined with the one to destroy the other He made continuall warre vpon the Princes of the blood at the persuasion of those who desired to see their ruine for to raise themselues in their places and he authorized in the commaund of his armies those that aspired to the vsurpation of his Kingdome He did yet worse for when he beganne to perceiue their plot he would preuent it by a remedie which wrought his owne destruction to wit by casting himselfe into an affected and vnusuall deuotion not stirring from the Cloisters of Monkes thinking by this meanes to take from the Duke of Guise the credit that he had gotten amongst the Catholickes who held him for their Chief But there arriued the contrarie for he became contemptible to his people who chased him from his capitall citie of Paris and all the great Townes of his Kingdome reuolted from him they also reduced him to such a pitifull case that in the end a Monke had the boldnesse to kill him which was the fruite of his negligence and ill conduct Henry Duke of Guise succeeding a Father and and Vnkle both great personages and who had had in the precedent Reignes great part in the commaund of Armies in the conduct of affaires and he thinking himselfe no whit inferiour to them neither in courage nor in vertue conceiues the most haughtie designe that a man borne the Subiect of a Prince could vndertake that is to vsurpe the place of his Souueraigne The occasion seemes most fauourable to him He has already this aduantage of gaining by the labour of his Father it being a thing most difficult that the life of one man alone should be able to worke such a change He incountereth a King without children and of the humour of those vnder whom such projects might be attempted He findeth a Kingdome rent by factions and assaulted with the most dangerous of all Ciuill warres which was for the difference of Religion He sees the first Princes of the blood in the weakest faction the King of Spaine readie to assist all those that trouble France and the Popes interessed euery way to persecute the Protestants The matter standing thus he full of hopes neglecteth nothing to accomplish his designe He was a goodly man gracefull courteous liberall and valiant He imployes all these gifts of nature to insinuate himselfe amongst the Nobilitie Gentrie and Commonaltie He shewes himselfe very zealous of the Catholike Religion not by haunting the Cloisters and walking thorough the streets in Procession but by persecuting the Protestants and declaring himselfe their mortall Ennemie He maintaines his intelligences at Rome and in Spaine allwaies vnder the pretence of Religion He workes the Preachers to set him in veneration amongst the People and to make the King be declared a fauorour of Heretickes hypocriticall vicious and idle So as by such meanes he had eleuated his designe euen to the last step when vpon the very point of execution he was grossely wanting both to his interest and to his owne selfe which was in this that after hauing chased his King from his chiefe Citie leuied armes against him made publike declarations thereof and then made peace with him as with his equall yet euen then he intrusted his life to him when he would haue made him be deposed his businesse being not of that sort as it might be permitted to faile twice Henry the fourth had two parts to act For whilst he was onely King of Nauarre first Prince of the blood and Protectour of the Protestants of France his interest was to imploy all his industrie and credit both within and without the Kingdome to defend the said Protestants to the end that they might defend him For which purpose he did what he could to hinder the Duke of Guise from seising the Crowne whereunto he had interest as presumptiue heire thereof and to make himselfe knowne to Henry the third not onely in qualitie of Chief of the Protestants but also as first Prince of the blood to whom the interest of preseruing the Kings personne and Estate was as deere to him as himselfe to the end that at his need he should make noe scruple to haue recourse vnto him Which succeeded so well with him that after the Duke of Guise his death and the reuolt of his Kingdome he had not a more assured refuge then to put himselfe into his hands When he was King of France there behooued a great dexteritie to demeane himselfe discreetly both towards the Catholikes and the Protestants incensed one against the other by so long and bloody Ciuill warres These gloried in hauing a King of their Religion but those could not endure the same and threatned to abandon him if he did not turne to theirs His businesse now was to preserue his old friends and not to loose the new He promises the one not to refuse instruction and continues with the other in the exercise of his Religion In the meane while he serues his owne turne of both together to fight against his ennemies In the tediousnesse of these warres euery man was wearied Many of the Leaguers like not a Spanish King but yet they would not haue a Protestant King The Catholikes that serued Henry growing impatient to see him continue in this Religiō presse him to embrace theirs and come so farre as to make a third part against him These considerations made him resolue at length to turne his Religion And by this

DISCOVRSE VPON THE AFFAIRE of the League VNDER the Raignes of Francis the second and Charles the ninth France was exceedingly molested with ciuill warres the youth of these two Princes was the principall cause thereof Each would haue the managing of affaires A contestation was betwixt Queene Catherine their mother and the Princes of the blood and vnder them the houses wich had most power were those of Guise and Montmorancy which had quietly ruled Henry the second their Father Francis of Lorraine Duke of Guise bore the partie of Catherine Annas Duke of Montmorancy tooke part with the Princes of the blood Likewise there was amongst them difference of Religion The warres about Religion were great and bloodie and lasted euen to the death of Charles the ninth and his brother Henry the third succeeded him He was of age capable to gouerne he had goodly qualities and gaue hopes of a happy Reigne At his comming to the Crowne Henry testified a desire to lead a peaceable life but it was rather for to plunge himselfe in idlenesse and pleasures then to reigne well Henry Duke of Guise sonne of Francis a Prince endowed with great qualities and full of loftie thoughts seeing the King and his Brother without children and the first Princes of the blood to make profession of the Protestant Religion is bold to aspire vnto the Royaltie and to gett thither makes himselfe Protecteur of the Catholikes and the Persecutour of the Protestāts against whom he stirred vp diuers warres Henry of Bourbon King of Nauarre first Prince of the blood Chief of the Protestant partie and a Prince adorned with an heroïque vertue successfully waged diuers warres in fauour of the Protestants Here be three Henry's Chiefs of three seueral parties in France who haue euery one their interest The King to maintaine his lawfull authoritie The Duke of Guise to possesse the Kings place and the King of Nauarre to hinder the King of France his ruine which was indeed his owne and of his partie which made him subsist in reputation The first of these through weakenesse lets himselfe be induced to make warre vpon the King of Nauarre The second makes himselfe Head of the Catholike partie The third becomes Protectour of the Protestāts So that as he who ought to haue commaunded others is very happie to haue place onely in the partie of the Duke of Guise who therein came so farre with him that when he was kill'd in the yeare 1588. he was vpon the point to make him be declared to the States of the Realme incapable to reigne and the Princes of the blood to succeed him Philipp King of Spaine who had allwaies an eye open to his great designe foments this businesse fauours the Duke of Guise at Rome helps him with money in France le ts him not want for any thing and euen after his death continues his assistance to his Brother Charles Duke of Mayne The King seeing himselfe abandonn'd of all the great Townes of his Realme and of the most part of his Nobilitie casts himselfe into the armes of the King of Nauarre who by his assistance retireth him almost from the hands of his enemies which held him besieged within Tours he brings him as triumphant before his Capitall Cittie of Paris where by the stab of a knife he dyed and left the Kingdome to the King of Nauarre in the yeare 1589. This Prince seeing himselfe eleuated to so high a dignitie was inuited by the change of his condition to make change of his interest and quitting that which he had held euen till then he embraced that of France He had great oppositions caused by Philip as well by his practises at Rome as by his assistance to the League of France allwaies vnder pretext of his great zeale for the Catholike Religion During the time that Henry is a Protestant Philip maintaines that he cannot reigne causeth him to be excommunicated his Subjects to be dispensed from the oath of allegeance setteth his kingdome in prey that by this meanes he might gett it as easily as Ferdinand got the Kingdome of Nauarre from his Predecessour When he giues hope to turne Catholike Philip declareth that he is an Hypocrite and that hauing beene relapsed he can neuer lawfully reigne he aideth his enemies with money and armes sufficient to weaken both parties but not to ruine the one in such sort as that the other might subsist without him willing to wearie them whom he maintained to the end that they should be constrained to giue themselues vp to him Henry on his part shewes vnto Queene ELIZABETH and the Vnited Prouinces with the Protestants of Germanie and the Swisses what interest they had all in the cause He receiued great assistance from them all and euen secretly from Ferdinand great Duke of Tuscanie a Prince of great vnderstanding and who judged that the acquisition of France to the King of Spaine was to subject all the other Princes But the Republike of Venice onely amongst all the Catholike States did without delay acknowledge him King of France after the death of his Predecessour So wellas with all these aides and his owne valour he resisted in the very beginning and afterwards hauing obtained diuers victories and his affaires beginning to prosper he was considered as a great Prince From thence forward the People wearie of their miseries beganne to disabuse themselues and to giue no more such credence as they had done to their Preachers the Nobilitie to thinke vpon the side that prosper'd the Gouernours of Townes to assure their affaires with the strongest and the Principalls of the partie to conserue what dignitie soeuer they had beene raised vnto All these commotions caused the Leaguers to assemble the States Philip takes occasion from such an extremitie for to perswade them that the onely remedie to restablish their affaires was to choose a King and offers his daughter to him whom they chose This was the apple of discord The Duke of Mayne principall Commaunder could not pretend to haue her he being allreadie married nor would suffer that another should lest himselfe from being Master should become a Seruant His Nephew the Duke of Guise was inticed with this daintie bit The Duke of Nemours his Vnkle had as good an appetite as he The Duke of Mercueur pretended the Dutchie of Britanie to belong to him by his Wife The eldest sonne of the Duke of Lorraine as head of the familie was also mentioned So that Philip thought by this discord to draw them to make choice of him While these things were a doing Henry turnes Catholike This change made some of the principall Townes and Gouernours to declare themselues on his parte and the other beganne to treate in the Court of Rome Philip neglects nothing no more then the chiefest Leaguers for to impeache that Henry be not acknowledged a good Catholike and a long time hindered his Ambassadour from hauing Audience At the length Clement VIII then Pope seeing well that he was establishing