Selected quad for the lemma: death_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	edward_n	king_n	richard_n	4,511	5	9.3432	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33627	Certain select cases in law reported by Sir Edward Coke, Knight, late Lord Chief Justice of England ... ; translated out of a manuscript written with his own hand, never before published ; with two exact tables, the one of the cases, and the other of the principal matters therein contained.; Reports. Part 13. English	Coke, Edward, Sir, 1552-1634.	1659 (1659)	Wing C4909; ESTC R1290	92,700	80

tree_n and_o clay_n etc._n etc._n which_o he_o have_v not_o but_o as_o thing_n annex_v to_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v not_o have_v they_o when_o he_o have_v depart_v with_o his_o whole_a interest_n nor_o he_o can_v not_o take_v they_o either_o for_o reparation_n or_o otherwise_o but_o when_o tenant_n for_o life_n lease_v for_o year_n except_o the_o timber_n tree_n the_o same_o remain_v yet_o annex_v to_o his_o freehold_n and_o he_o may_v command_v the_o lessee_n to_o take_v they_o for_o necessary_a reparation_n of_o the_o house_n and_o in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o saunders_n a_o judgement_n be_v cite_v between_o foster_n and_o miles_n plaintiff_n and_o spencer_n and_o bourd_n defendant_n that_o where_o lessee_n for_o year_n assign_v over_o his_o term_n except_o the_o tree_n that_o waste_v in_o such_o case_n shall_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o assignee_n but_o in_o this_o case_n without_o question_n waste_n lie_v against_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n etc._n etc._n xxviii_o mich._n term_n 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n hulmes_n case_n the_o king_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n lord_n richard_n hulm_n seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o male_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lancaster_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n mesne_fw-la and_o robert_n male_a seize_v of_o land_n in_o male_a hold_v of_o the_o mesn_a as_o of_o his_o say_a manor_n by_o knight_n service_n tenant_n richard_n hulm_n die_v after_o who_o death_n 31_o hen._n the_o eight_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a menalty_n and_o that_o the_o same_o descend_v to_o edward_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o find_v the_o tenure_n aforesaid_a etc._n etc._n and_o during_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v within_o age_n robert_n male_a the_o tenant_n die_v after_o which_o in_o anno_fw-la 35_o h._n 8._o it_o be_v find_v by_o office_n that_o robert_n male_a die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a tenancy_n peravail_v and_o that_o the_o same_o descend_v to_o richard_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o that_o the_o say_a tenancy_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o say_a duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o same_o be_v hold_v of_o edward_n hulm_n then_o in_o ward_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o menalty_n for_o which_o the_o king_n seize_v the_o ward_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o afterward_o anno_fw-la quarto_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la that_o now_o be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o richard_n male_a who_o be_v lineal_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v robert_n male_a by_o another_o office_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o say_v richard_n die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a tenancy_n and_o hold_v the_o same_o of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o duchy_n by_o knight_n service_n his_o heir_n within_o age_n whereupon_o richard_n hulm_n cousin_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n hulm_n have_v prefer_v a_o bill_n to_o be_v admit_v to_o his_o traverse_n of_o the_o say_a office_n find_v in_o quarto_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o office_n find_v in_o 35_o h._n 8._o be_v any_o estoppel_n to_o the_o say_v hulm_n to_o traverse_v the_o say_v last_o office_n or_o if_o that_o the_o say_v hulm_n shall_v be_v drive_v first_o to_o traverse_v the_o office_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o ought_v first_o to_o traverse_v the_o office_n of_o 35_o h._n 8._o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 26_o e._n 3._o 65._o that_o if_o two_o fine_n be_v levy_v of_o land_n in_o ancient_a demesn_a the_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v aught_o to_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n to_o reverse_v the_o first_o fine_a and_o in_o that_o the_o second_o fine_a shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n and_o that_o the_o first_o office_n shall_v stand_v as_o long_o as_o the_o same_o remain_v in_o force_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n and_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n that_o the_o find_n of_o a_o office_n be_v not_o any_o estoppel_n for_o that_o be_v but_o a_o enquest_n of_o office_n and_o the_o party_n grieve_v shall_v have_v a_o traverse_v to_o it_o as_o it_o have_v be_v confess_v and_o therefore_o without_o question_n the_o same_o be_v no_o estoppel_n but_o when_o a_o office_n be_v find_v false_o that_o land_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o socage_n if_o the_o heir_n sue_v a_o general_a livery_n now_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o 46_o e._n 3._o 12._o by_o mowbray_n and_o persey_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o after_o add_v that_o the_o land_n be_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n but_o that_o be_v not_o any_o estoppel_n to_o the_o heir_n himself_o who_o sue_v the_o livery_n and_o shall_v not_o conclude_v his_o heir_n for_o so_o say_v mowbray_n himself_o express_o in_o 44_o assis_n pl._n 35._o that_o a_o estoppel_n by_o sue_v of_o livery_n shall_v estop_v only_o himself_o the_o heir_n during_o his_o life_n and_o in_o 1_o h._n 4._o 6._o b._n there_o the_o case_n be_v put_v of_o express_a confession_n and_o sue_n of_o livery_n by_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n upon_o a_o false_a office_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o juror_n upon_o a_o new_a diem_fw-la clausit_fw-la extremum_fw-la after_o the_o death_n of_o such_o special_a heir_n be_v at_o large_a according_a to_o their_o conscience_n to_o find_v that_o the_o land_n be_v not_o hold_v etc._n etc._n for_o they_o be_v swear_v ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la dicendum_fw-la and_o their_o find_n be_v call_v veredictum_fw-la quasi_fw-la dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la which_o reason_n also_o shall_v serve_v when_o the_o heir_n in_o fee-simple_n sue_v livery_n upon_o a_o false_a office_n and_o the_o juror_n after_o his_o death_n ought_v to_o find_v according_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o it_o be_v say_v 33_o h._n 6._o 7._o by_o laicon_n that_o if_o two_o sister_n be_v find_v heir_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v a_o bastard_n if_o they_o join_v in_o a_o suit_n of_o livery_n she_o which_o join_v with_o the_o bastard_n in_o the_o livery_n shall_v not_o allege_v bastardy_n in_o the_o other_o but_o there_o be_v no_o book_n that_o say_v that_o the_o estoppel_n shall_v endure_v long_o then_o during_o his_o life_n and_o when_o livery_n be_v sue_v by_o a_o special_a heir_n the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o livery_n be_v execute_v and_o determine_v by_o his_o death_n and_o by_o that_o the_o estoppel_n be_v expire_v with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o heir_n but_o that_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v of_o a_o general_a livery_n but_o a_o special_a livery_n shall_v not_o conclude_v one_o but_o as_o it_o be_v express_v the_o word_n of_o a_o general_a livery_n be_v when_o the_o heir_n be_v find_v of_o full_a age_n rex_fw-la escheatori_fw-la etc._n etc._n scias_n quod_fw-la cepimus_fw-la homigium_fw-la i._o silij_fw-la &_o haeredis_fw-la b._n defuncti_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la quae_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la suus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenement_n illa_fw-la reddidimus_fw-la ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o ward_n at_o his_o full_a age_n the_o writ_n of_o livery_n shall_v say_v rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la i._o filius_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la b._n defuncti_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenuit_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la aetatem_fw-la svam_fw-la coram_fw-la te_fw-la sufficienter_fw-la probavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ceperimus_fw-la homagium_fw-la ipsius_fw-la i._o de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la quae_fw-la idem_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la suus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o tenement_n illa_fw-la reddidimus_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o writ_n be_v the_o suit_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o therefore_o although_o that_o all_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n as_o all_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n be_v and_o although_o that_o the_o livery_n be_v general_a de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la de_fw-la quibus_fw-la b._n pater_fw-la i._o tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la obiit_fw-la without_o direct_a affirmation_n that_o any_o manor_n in_o particular_a be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o same_o be_v not_o at_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o no_o judgement_n upon_o it_o yet_o because_o the_o general_a livery_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o office_n and_o by_o the_o office_n it_o be_v find_v that_o divers_a land_n or_o

of_o they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o the_o term_n of_o his_o life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o to_o such_o a_o woman_n which_o he_o shall_v marry_v and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o son_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v and_o after_o the_o son_n take_v a_o wife_n and_o die_v if_o the_o wife_n shall_v take_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o the_o doubt_n be_v because_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o son_n be_v not_o within_o the_o consideration_n and_o the_o use_n be_v limit_v to_o one_o who_o be_v capable_a scil_n the_o son_n and_o to_o another_o who_o be_v not_o capable_a and_o therefore_o the_o son_n shall_v take_v a_o estate_n in_o tail_n execute_v but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o say_v two_o chief_a justice_n and_o chief_a baron_n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v take_v well_o enough_o and_o as_o to_o the_o first_o reason_n they_o resolve_v that_o the_o wife_n be_v within_o the_o consideration_n for_o the_o consideration_n be_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o posterity_n and_o without_o a_o wife_n the_o son_n can_v have_v posterity_n also_o when_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o son_n be_v sure_a of_o a_o jointure_n the_o same_o be_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o son_n for_o thereby_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o better_a marriage_n and_o as_o to_o the_o second_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o son_n shall_v support_v the_o use_n to_o the_o defendant_n and_o when_o the_o contingent_a happen_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o son_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o limitation_n scil_n to_o the_o son_n and_o the_o woman_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o son_n and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o whole_a court_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n eliz._n in_o sheffields_n case_n for_o both_o point_n xviii_o trinit_fw-la 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n sparies_n case_n john_n spary_n seize_v in_o fee_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n of_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o crown_n by_o knight_n service_n have_v issue_n by_o she_o and_o 22_o decemb._n anno_fw-la 9_o eliz._n alien_v to_o edward_n lord_n stafford_n the_o wife_n die_v the_o issue_n of_o full_a age_n the_o land_n continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o alienee_n or_o his_o assign_v and_o ten_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o father_n and_o twelve_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o mother_n office_n be_v find_v 7_o jacobi_n find_v all_o the_o special_a matter_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o mean_a profit_n be_v to_o be_v answer_v to_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o say_v two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o mean_a profit_n because_o that_o the_o alienee_n be_v in_o by_o title_n and_o until_o entry_n the_o heir_n have_v no_o remedy_n for_o the_o mean_a profit_n but_o that_o the_o king_n may_v seize_v and_o make_v livery_n because_o that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o heir_n be_v lawful_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o xix_o trinit_fw-la 7_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n it_o be_v find_v by_o force_n of_o a_o mandamus_fw-la at_o kendal_n in_o the_o county_n of_o westmoreland_n the_o 21_o of_o december_n 6_o jacobi_n regis_fw-la that_o george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n long_o before_o his_o death_n be_v seize_v in_o tail_n to_o he_o and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o browham_n appleby_n etc._n etc._n the_o remainder_n to_o sir_n ingram_n clifford_n with_o divers_a remainder_n over_o in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n father_n of_o the_o say_v george_n and_o that_o the_o say_v george_n earl_n so_o seize_v by_o fine_a and_o recovery_n convey_v they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o margaret_n his_o wife_n for_o their_o life_n for_o the_o jointure_n of_o the_o say_v margaret_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o francis_n now_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n beget_v and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v george_n and_o afterward_o by_o another_o indenture_n convey_v the_o fee-simple_n to_o francis_n earl_n by_o force_n of_o which_o and_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o use_n they_o be_v seize_v according_o and_o afterward_o 30_o octob._n anno_fw-la 3_o jacobi_n the_o say_a george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n die_v without_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n lawful_o beget_v and_o further_o find_v that_o margaret_n countess_z of_o cumberland_n that_o now_o be_v be_v alive_a and_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o premise_n from_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n until_o the_o take_n of_o that_o inquisition_n and_o further_o find_v the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o first_o it_o be_v object_v that_o here_o be_v no_o die_v seize_v find_v by_o office_n and_o therefore_o the_o office_n shall_v be_v insufficient_a but_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v answerod_v and_o resolve_v that_o by_o this_o office_n the_o king_n be_v not_o entitle_v by_o the_o common_a law_n for_o then_o a_o die_v seize_v or_o at_o first_o a_o die_a the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n be_v necessary_a but_o this_o office_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o and_o 34_o h._n 8._o by_o force_n of_o which_o no_o die_a seize_v be_v requisite_a but_o rather_o the_o contrary_a scil_n if_o the_o land_n be_v as_o this_o case_n be_v convey_v to_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o vincents_n case_n anno_fw-la 23_o eliz._n where_o all_o the_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la be_v convey_v to_o the_o young_a son_n and_o yet_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v in_o ward_n notwithstanding_o that_o nothing_o descend_v the_o second_o objection_n be_v it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o wife_n continue_v in_o she_o until_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n for_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n have_v alien_v the_o same_o to_o another_o and_o then_o no_o primer_n seisin_n shall_v be_v as_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o binghams_n case_n as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o the_o office_n be_v sufficient_a prima_fw-la fancy_n for_o the_o king_n because_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n collateral_a and_o no_o point_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o if_o any_o such_o alienation_n be_v which_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v then_o the_o same_o shall_v come_v in_o of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o alienee_n by_o a_o monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr and_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v a_o strong_a case_n because_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o say_a countess_n take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o premise_n from_o the_o death_n of_o george_n the_o earl_n until_o the_o find_n of_o the_o office_n xx._n trinity_n term_n 7_o jacobi_n in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n will_n case_n henry_n will_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o wryland_n in_o the_o county_n of_o devon_n hold_v of_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o socage-tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o say_v four_o part_v enfeoff_v zachary_n irish_a and_o other_o and_o their_o heir_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v henry_n for_o the_o term_n of_o his_o life_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o use_n of_o thomas_n will_v his_o second_o son_n in_o tail_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o use_n of_o richard_n will_v his_o young_a son_n in_o tail_n and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o say_v henry_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a henry_n so_o seize_v as_o abovesaid_a dye_v thereof_o seize_v william_n will_n be_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o full_a age_n thomas_n the_o second_o son_n enter_v as_o into_o his_o remainder_n all_o this_o matter_n be_v find_v by_o office_n and_o the_o question_n be_v if_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o have_v primer_n seisin_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o livery_n or_o ouster_n le_fw-fr main_fw-fr shall_v be_v sue_v in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o and_o 34_o h._n 8._o and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o chief_a baron_n that_o not_o if_o in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o common_a law_n no_o livery_n or_o ouster_n le_fw-fr main_fw-fr shall_v be_v sue_v and_o that_o be_v agree_v by_o they_o all_o by_o the_o experience_n and_o course_n of_o the_o

lease_n be_v make_v to_o one_o for_o the_o life_n of_o j._n s._n and_o j._n n._n there_o the_o freehold_n do_v not_o determine_v by_o the_o death_n of_o one_o of_o they_o for_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_v give_v in_o the_o case_n of_o brudnel_n in_o the_o five_o part_n of_o my_o report_n fol._n 9_o which_o case_n be_v affirm_v to_o be_v good_a law_n by_o the_o whole_a court_n xxxiii_o easter_n term_n anno_fw-la 8_o jacobi_n in_o the_o common-plea_n heydon_n and_o smith_n case_n richard_n heydon_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o michael_n smith_n and_o other_o of_o break_v of_o his_o close_a call_v the_o moor_n in_o ugley_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n the_o 25_o day_n of_o june_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o the_o king_n &_o quendam_fw-la arborem_fw-la suum_fw-la ad_fw-la valentiam_fw-la 40_o s._n ibidem_fw-la nuper_fw-la crescen_n succiderunt_fw-la the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o close_a be_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trespass_n be_v the_o freehold_a of_o sir_n john_n leventhrop_n knight_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o say_a oak_n be_v a_o timber_n tree_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o thirty_o year_n and_o more_o and_o justify_v the_o cut_n down_o of_o the_o tree_n by_o his_o commandment_n the_o plaintiff_n repli_v and_o say_v that_o the_o say_v close_o and_o a_o house_n and_o 28_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o ugley_n be_v copyhold_n and_o parcel_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o ugley_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o manor_n edward_n leventhrop_n esquire_n father_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n leventhrop_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n and_o grant_v the_o say_a house_n land_n and_o close_a to_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n and_o his_o heir_n by_o the_o rod_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o that_o within_o the_o say_a manor_n there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n quod_fw-la quilibet_fw-la tenens_fw-la customar_n ejusdem_fw-la manerii_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ad_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la domini_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o toto_fw-la tempore_fw-la supradicto_fw-la usus_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o consuevit_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la libitum_fw-la amputare_fw-la ramos_fw-la omnimodum_fw-la arborum_fw-la call_v pollingers_n or_o husbord_n super_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenem_fw-la suis_fw-fr customar_n crescen_n pro_fw-la ligno_fw-la combustibili_fw-la ad_fw-la like_o libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la applicand_a &_o in_o praedicto_fw-la messuagio_fw-it comburend_fw-mi and_o also_o to_o cut_v down_o and_o take_v at_o their_o pleasure_n all_o manner_n of_o tree_n call_v pollenger_n or_o husbord_n and_o all_o other_o timber_n tree_n super_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la custumariis_fw-la suis_fw-la crescen_n for_o the_o reparation_n of_o their_o house_n build_v upon_o the_o say_a land_n and_o customary_a tenement_n and_o also_o for_o ploughbote_n and_o cartbote_n and_o that_o all_o tree_n call_v pollenger_n or_o husbord_n and_o all_o other_o tree_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trespass_n aforesaid_a or_o hitherto_o grow_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a land_n and_o tenement_n customary_a of_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n be_v not_o sufficient_a nor_o do_v serve_v for_o the_o necessary_a use_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v grant_v make_v unto_o he_o have_v maintain_v and_o preserve_v all_o tree_n etc._n etc._n grow_v upon_o the_o say_a land_n and_o tenement_n to_o he_o grant_v and_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v edward_n leventhrop_n the_o say_a manor_n descend_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n leventhorp_n and_o that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trespass_n the_o aforesaid_a message_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n heydon_n be_v in_o decay_n &_o egebat_fw-la necessariis_fw-la reparationibus_fw-la in_o maremio_n ejusdem_fw-la upon_o which_o the_o defendant_n do_v demur_v in_o law_n and_o this_o case_n be_v oftentimes_o argue_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o now_o this_o term_n it_o be_v argue_v at_o the_o bench_n by_o the_o justice_n and_o in_o this_o case_n these_o point_n be_v resolve_v 1._o that_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o custom_n be_v absurd_a and_o repugnant_a scil_n quod_fw-la quilibet_fw-la tenens_fw-la customarii_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la manerii_fw-la habens_fw-la &_o tenens_fw-la aliqua_fw-la terras_fw-la seu_fw-la tenementa_fw-la custom_n etc._n etc._n usus_fw-la fuit_fw-la amputare_fw-la ramos_fw-la omnimodum_fw-la arborum_fw-la vocat_fw-la pollingers_n etc._n etc._n pro_fw-la ligno_fw-la combustabili_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o praedicto_fw-la messuagio_fw-it comburend_fw-mi which_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o message_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o no_o other_o message_n be_v mention_v before_o which_o be_v absurd_a and_o repugnant_a that_o every_o customary_a tenant_n shall_v burn_v his_o fuel_n in_o the_o plaintiff_n house_n but_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o extend_v unto_o this_o case_n for_o the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o custom_n which_o concern_v the_o cut_n down_o of_o the_o tree_n concern_v the_o point_n in_o question_n and_o so_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o material_a it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o plead_n that_o the_o message_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v in_o decay_n &_o egebat_fw-la necessariis_fw-la reparationibus_fw-la in_o maremio_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la be_v too_o general_a for_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o have_v show_v in_o particular_a in_o what_o the_o message_n be_v in_o decay_n as_o the_o book_n be_v in_o 10_o e._n 4._o 3._o he_o who_o justifi_v for_o housebote_n etc._n etc._n aught_o to_o show_v that_o the_o house_n have_v cause_n to_o be_v repair_v etc._n etc._n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o coke_n chief_a justice_n that_o the_o say_a book_n prove_v the_o plead_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n be_v certain_a enough_o scil_n quod_fw-la messuagium_fw-la praed_fw-we egebat_fw-la necessariis_fw-la reparationibus_fw-la in_o maremio_fw-la without_o show_v the_o precise_a certainty_n and_o therewith_o agree_v 7_o h._n 6._o 38._o and_o 34_o h._n 6._o 17._o 2._o it_o be_v also_o answer_v and_o resolve_v that_o in_o this_o case_n without_o question_n it_o need_v not_o to_o allege_v more_o certainty_n for_o here_o the_o copyholder_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o take_v it_o but_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n do_v cut_v down_o the_o tree_n and_o carry_v it_o away_o where_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o sufficient_a and_o so_o prevent_v the_o copyholder_n of_o his_o benefit_n and_o therefore_o he_o need_v not_o to_o show_v any_o decay_n at_o all_o but_o only_o for_o increase_v of_o the_o damage_n for_o the_o lord_n do_v the_o wrong_n when_o he_o cut_v down_o the_o tree_n which_o shall_v serve_v for_o reparation_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v 3._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o of_o common_a right_n as_o a_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o grant_v the_o copyholder_n may_v take_v housebote_n hedgbote_fw-ge and_o plowbote_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n quia_fw-la concesso_fw-la uno_fw-la conceduntur_fw-la omne_fw-la sine_fw-la quibus_fw-la id_fw-la consistere_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la et_fw-la quando_fw-la aliquis_fw-la aliquid_fw-la concedit_fw-la concedere_fw-la videtur_fw-la &_o id_fw-la sine_fw-la quo_fw-la res_fw-la ipsa_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la and_o therewith_o agree_v 9_o h._n 4._o waste_v 59_o but_o the_o same_o may_v be_v restrain_v by_o custom_n scil_n that_o the_o copyholder_n shall_v not_o take_v it_o unless_o by_o assignment_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o bailiff_n etc._n etc._n 4._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o lord_n can_v take_v all_o the_o timber_n tree_n but_o he_o ought_v to_o leave_v sufficient_a for_o the_o reparation_n of_o the_o customary_a house_n and_o for_o ploughbote_n etc._n etc._n for_o otherwise_o great_a depopulation_n will_v follow_v scil_n ruin_n of_o the_o house_n and_o decay_v of_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o bote_n be_v a_o ancient_a saxon_a word_n have_v two_o signification_n the_o one_o compensatio_fw-la criminis_fw-la as_o frithbote_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v to_o be_v discharge_v from_o give_v amends_o for_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n manbote_n to_o be_v discharge_v of_o amends_o for_o the_o death_n of_o man_n and_o second_o in_o the_o latter_a signification_n scil_n for_o reparation_n as_o be_v bridgbote_n burghbote_fw-ge castlebote_fw-ge parkbote_fw-ge etc._n etc._n scil_n reparation_n of_o a_o bridge_n of_o a_o borough_n of_o a_o castle_n of_o a_o park_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o boat_n and_o estover_n be_v all_o one_o estover_n be_v derive_v of_o this_o french_a word_n estover_n i._n e._n fovere_fw-la i._n e._n to_o keep_v warm_a to_o cherish_v to_o sustain_v to_o defend_v and_o there_o be_v four_o kind_n of_o estover_n scil_n ardendi_fw-la arandi_fw-la construendi_fw-la &_o claudendi_fw-la scil_n firebote_fw-ge housebote_fw-ge ploughbote_fw-ge and_o hedgbote_n 5._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o copyholder_n shall_v have_v a_o general_a action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o lord_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la &_o arborem_fw-la