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A08307 1598 Speculi Britan[n]iæ pars the description of Hartfordshire by Iohn Norden.; Speculum Britanniae. Part 2 Norden, John, 1548-1625?; Kip, William, engraver. 1598 (1598) STC 18637; ESTC S113233 22,744 43

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incelebre et Edenburgus primaria apud eos ciuitas incendio conflagrarent Richardus Leus eques aur atus me flammis ereptum ad Anglos perduxit Huius ego beneficij memor non nisi Regum liberos lauare solitus nunc meam operam etiam infimis Anglorum libenter condixi Leus victor sic voluit Anno Domini M. D. XLIIII Henrici octaui XXXVI In this Abbey church lyeth buried famous Sir Iohn Mandeuile liuely formed in a marble stone whose trauayles in forraine regions and rare reportes are at this time admired through the world There lie also many Nobles who lost their liues in the conflictes in and neere this towne betweene the houses of Lancaster and Yorke In the North-west ende of the towne was sometime a stately castle and called KINGSBERRIE which is as much as the Kinges house or castle for BERRYE castrum et castrametationem significat the ruines thereof doe yet somewhat appeare the place now supplied with a farme house The Abbot of that place in the time of K. Stephen made suite vnto the K. to ouerthrowe and supplant the same castle for that as he suggested Antiquis temporibus latebant quidam regales nequam homines Abbatis minus infesti et damnosi At whose instance the castle was forthwith ouerthrowne There was sometime a great Meere or stagne betweene this towne and olde Verolamium and many haue constantly but idlely affirmed that the Thames hath had issue that way and nauigable so farre a thing meerely fabulous though it be true that an ancker was sometime founde there It was indeede Stagnum maximum an ample and large fishpoole of the Kinges and belonged to his castle of Kingsberie before spoken of And the Kinge for his recreation and delight lying there did often passe by boate to and fro within the same according to the order of the noble men and gentlemen of Rome who did vsually make fayre fishpondes aboute their houses to recreate themselues therein and these with exceeding cost as Marcus Varro wryteth especially of the wonderfull large and costly fishpondes of Hortentius Hircius and Lucullus And of these and such other princely Romans did these Verlame Citizens take president for this great ponde which comming afterwardes to the king of the land he often tooke his repasle therein accompanyed commonly with no smalle troupe of his nobles and therefore the boates were prouided of large hull furnished with cable and ancer that at the kings pleasure the boate might be moared in any parte of the poole whereby how easie it is to loose an ancre in the meere reason may iudge and this was the occasion of the losse of the ancre doubtlesse that was found there and not ordinarie recourse of shippes as some vainely suppose And yet as Ouid sayth vetus inuenta est in montibus anchora summis This fish-poole continued in this pryde till the time of Alfric the seuenth Abbott of this Monastery who bought the same of the king and by industry and charge caused it to be drayned drie And the more to argue it to be but a fishpoole there remayneth yet one witnesse a streete in the towne lying towardes it called FISHPOOLESTREETE If any boates in former times came thither they came from Staenes and vp the Colne riuer to Rickmansworth to Watforde and so to S. Albans but in no sence to the place where the ancre was founde for that the fall of the water there was such as it coulde yeelde no accesse for shipping against the same There is indeede a feilde belowe S. Albans called key feyld and belowe Rickmansworth a place vpon the riuer called Westhythe which may in sort argue some such passage for boates but for the first it may bee aswell pascuum vaccinum a pastour for kye or kyne as a strande for fastening of boates or ships more like And Westhithe may be as wel taken for a house as for a harbour of ships And yet these simple probabilities might worke that conceite in Gildas who was the authour of this error In and about this towne haue beene sundry battelles conflictes and spoyles as in the time of Henrie 3. one Falcatius de Brent a notorious robber with a companie of wicked persons came too this towne by night spoyled the same and murthered many and would haue set the Abbey on fire But the Abbot feed him with 100 pound to depart This was a dangerous time when theeues and murtheres must be hyred for rewarde and not constrayned by iustice to desist from violence and bloud In the same yeare it was ransackt againe by the souldiees that went vnder the conduct of Earle Patric Sayre and others to remoue the seidge of Mount Sorrell Moreouer about the yeare 1455. Henrie 6. of the famelie of Lancaster with many of his nobles at this towne mett with Richard Duke of Yorke and his adnerentes where the king was taken and a great slaughter made vpon his men euen of best accoumpt But afterwardes within 4. yeares neere the same at a place called by the inhabitants BERNET FEYLD but I take it rather Brentes feild of the former Falcatius de Brent such as stood affected to the famely of Lancaster vnder the conduct of Margaret the Queene mightily preuayled against the complices of the house of Yorke to the infranchesing of the Captaiue king and ouerthrowe of many of the aduerse parte In the middle of this towne is a crosse verie stately erected about the yeare of Christ 1290. by Edward 1. as in many other places in memoriall of the death and dolefull carriage of his Queene from Herdbie nere Lincolne where shee dyed towardes Westminster where she was buryed At this place was executed that Libellor aud stirrer of the commons named Iohn Ball in the time of Richard the 2. The terme is sometime kept in the Abbey chutch where all places are orderly prouided for the same AMWELL h. 28. which signifieth fontem amnensem a well by the riuers side ANSTIE b. 30. At this place are the ruynes and deepe trenches of a stronge castle scituate aloft on a steepe hi●l and was called HANST-HYE castle depraecipitio I take it of the stepenesle of it ASPENDEN d. 24. so called eyther detremules of the Aspe trees or for that it hath beene cauerna viperina a place of venemous wormes ASTON f. 22. ASHWELL b. 20. fons inter fraxinos M. Camdtn taketh it to be that which Antoninus termth in his ltenerari MAGIOVINIVM And he prooueth it by the signification of the worde Magionirdum chaunging only n. for u. which then signifieth a nurserie for Ashes and so much doth the nature of the place fitly import ASHRIDGE i. 10. Iugum fraxinium at this place was an hermitage built by Edward Beanforde Earle of Cornewall wherein so it was esteemed Edward 1. kept a royall Christmas Wherein also our moste worthie and euer famous Queene Elizabeth lodged as in her
the historie of Albans martyrdome In the ruynous walles of this Citie groweth licoras There are within the walles at this day the ruynes of an olde church called S. Germans The cause why it was called of the Brytons CAIR WATTELINE was an auncient high way begun by Dunwallow and finished by Guitheline called as some thinke GVITHELINSSTREET corruptly WATTELINE-STREET which cam by this citie from Douer leading Northwards About 70. yeares paste this high way was founde at this place though mentioned in historie many years before 18. foote broad and 10. foote deepe now almost leuell with the feyldes as is also the Citie Tantum aeui longinqua valet mutare vetustas And as Plato sayth Aeuum cuncta rapit furtiuaque tempora mutant Naturam sortem nominaque faciem Alban was a citizen of this cittie and being hoste vnto Amphiball became conuerted from paganisme to the knowledge of Christ and for the same was condemned and suffered as is set downe before in S. Albans W. WALDT-DEN f. 16. called kinges Walden vallis siluestris the woody deane WALDT-DEN f. 18. called Walden S. Paul WATFORDE o. 16. cur non WATELINEFORDE for that the Watteline-streete crosseth the Colne nere this place and so coasteth to old Verlame as is sayd before This towne hath market on the tuesday well repleat with country necessaryes and hath two fayres in the yeere There is an almes house erected by the Ladie Bryget Countisse of Bedford WALK-HORNE c. 22. or Wake-hurne WALLINGTON c. 22. de aquarum scatebris WATTON f. 24. called Watton at stone WARE h. 26. or WAYRE de Cataractis of the wayres and water stoppes nere it rather then de Mercimonijs as some will haue it of wares or marchandize It was drowned in anno 1408. by the great inundation of waters that from the vpland passe by the town and since and before there was great prouision made by wayres and slcuces for the better preseruation of the town and the groūds belonging vnto the same It began to bee moste famous in king Iohns time in the furious broyles of the Barons for being then but a hamlet of small moment the high way towardes the North partes was laid through it by the meanes of the Lord de Wake and by little and little by that meanes increased and much obscured auncient Hartford Edward the first gaue first order and direction for the founding of it about anno 914. WAADESNELL g. 28. WALTHAM crosse m. 30 or WALDT-HAM de cruce of the crosse which Edward 1. erected in memoriall of his Queenes death and conveyance of her corpes from the place where she dyed to westminster WALSWORTH d. 16. WATTELINE-STREET See Verolamium WAYMORE Castle See Stortford WESTWIKE k. 14. vicus occidentalis in regard of Eastwike before mentioned WELBERIE k. 14. called also welles of the springe called Owghton head WESTON d. 20. WESTMILL d. 26. WHEATHAMSTED i. 18. locus frumentarius inde Ioannes de loco frumentario famous in the time of Henry 6. WILSTERNE k. 4. WIGGINGTON k. 6. VVHITEWELL i. 8. fons albus a hamlet that giueth name to the riuer that ryseth there and passeth by Welwine Digswell c. and so to the Lea. VVHORWELL a decayed hamlet in Kelshull parish furnished in time past with many howses VVYMLEY l. 18. or WIMONELEY magna where are the ruines and ditches of a castle which did sometime belong to the fitz-Taeces WYMLEY e. 18. or wimonly parua WILLION d. 18. WYDYALL c. 28. of some Wythiall of some Wiggell VVIDFORD g. 30. or-VVYDEFORD so rightly termed de vado spatioso Wood-greene l. 30. VVORMELEY k. 30. Y. YARDELEY d. 24. belonging to Paules An Aphabetical Table of the Houses and Anncient Beryes of name for the most part in Hartfordshire according to the vulgar names A. ANsaberie f. 18. Alsewike d. 28. Abbottes-berye a. 28. B. BEeche-woode h 12. Bournehall n. 16. Beamondes k. 18. Bibswell h 18. Broket-hall i 20. Bersted m. 10. Bedwell parke k. 24. Beachames c. 26. or Beauchampe Bigging b 28. Bartrames f. 28. Bace k. 30. called le Base Briggens h. 32. Bleakswayre g. 30. Beaches b. 32. C. CHandoys l. 12. Casio-berie n. 16. vide definitionem Centuria CAISHOW Corney-berye d. 26. Coken-hatche a. 28. Cassalberie f. 28. D. DArnells d 20. F. FRyers e. 28. G. GRoue n. 14. Gorehamberie k. 16. Gowr-ham or Guer-hambery A house raysed from the foundation by the right worthie Syr Nicholas Bacon knight deceased sometime Lord keeper of the great seale of England to our most mighty Queene Elizabeth who for his excellent vertues and rare wisedome liueth yet in honorable memory amongst the most honorable Gubhyns l 24. Saint Gyles l. 28. H. HIde k. 14. High ouer d. 16. Harpesfeyld-hall k. 20. Hatfeyld-wood-hall i. 22. Holmeley e. 22. An auncient decayed place sometime famous as appeareth by the ruynes Hide-hall c. 24. Holwell i. 24. Haley h. 28. Hetesham-hall c. 32. or Hetcham hall K. Kinges-wood-berie d. 22. An auncient place sometime dowble moated L. THe Lea. m. 16. Laomere h. 18. or Leamere A house very auncient standing not farre from the heade of famous Lea riuer it is corruptly called Lammer Ludwike hall i. 24. M. MIchelfeyldhall o. 12. Mayden crofte c. 16. Mereden h. 24. Minsing-berye a. 26. Mutforde c. 28. Mattockes g. 30. N. NEw-barne l. 18. New fells 3. 28. New-hall g. 28. New-place g. 32. O. ODdesey-graunge b. 22. Thereof doth Oddesey hundred take name Owles d. 28 P. PVtteridge f. 14. Penley k. 6. Pansanger h. 24. Popes k. 24. Potterells l. 24. Punsbourne k. 26. Pissoberie f. 36. Patmere hall d. 32. Q. QVickswood d. 22. Quenberye d. 28. R. ROse hall m. 12. Romerwike e. 14. Itlyeth within Bedfordshire but is of Hartfordshire Ricknesse g. 26. Reuells g. 26. Redgewells c. 28. The Rye i. 32. or le Ree S. SHandoyse vide Chandois Sincklees o. 18. Sopwell l. 18. Salsberie m. 20. The Seale h. 26. Lee seele Satrydge f. 28. Shingle hall f. 34. T. THibauldes l. 30. or Theobalde A most stately house erected from the firste foundation by the right honourable Syr William Cicill knight Lord Theasoror of England To speake of the state and beuty thereof at large as it deserueth for curious buildinges delightfull walkes and pleasant conceites within and without and other thinges very glorious and ellegant to be seene would challenge a great portion of this little treatise and therfore least I should come shorte of that due commendation that it deserueth I leaue it as indeed it is a princely seate Temple g. 26. Temple e. 16. Tittenhanger l. 20. Tannys d. 24 Tunwall g. 26. Tidnhamberie f. 34. V. VPhall c. 28. W. WElde m. 20. or Weldt Woodhall f. 24. Waterforde hall h. 26. Widborow-hill k. 28. White-barnes e. 30. Many other houses and beries there are within this Shire but for that they haue no known proper names but termed of the parishes wherein they are as Langley bery North hawe and such like I haue omitted the mencioning of them in this catalogue being easelie found by the table of parishes with reference to the places wherein they may be found in the mappe though without further name added vnto them then the name of the parish wherein they stand which doth sufficiently distinguish them The denomination of the Shire Vadum ceruinum Hartingfordberye Cattieuctani Situs Sometime annexed vnto Essex The Soyle The vayle of Ringtayle Parkes woods riuers Sheepe pastures Meadowes The soyle most generally barraine Thorrowfares the cause of good markets The ayre Berryes BERRY quid Berye often confounded Borrough Burye Berge quid Beryes why decayed The diuision of the Shire into hundreds Oddesey Edwinestree Brawghing Hartford Broadwater Caishoo Cassij Dacorum DACORVM clades Hitch Market townes Fayres Rickmansworth Watford Barkhamsted Tring S. Albans The Pree Hitch-end Bennington Hatfeild Hartford Baldocke Sabridgeworth Stortforde Wayre Hoddesdon Royston Bernet The Shire deuided into 3. parts Hartford the Prouinciall towne and most generall place of meeting S. Albans libertie Goole and gaole deliuerie for the libertie The Deanrie of S. Albans Brawghing Deanries belonging to the Sea of Lincoln Riuers Stort Stour Stowret Stowretford The Ree Lea. Ligean Boates to Hartford eamer Stour-mer Whitwell Marran Bene. Benefician Benge koo Redburne Sancta Maria de pratis Flamsted for Verlamsted fortè Colne Colney Colney-street Colnebrooke Caishoo Beacons Longit. lat Parishes in number Anno. 829. Dacorum clades Albans towne founded 790 or 793. Holmchurst Dours-waldt Capgraue The Kings auncient confirmation of charters The Monasterie enlarged The priuiledges of S. Albans Present Priuiledges of the town Gayle and gayle deliuerie Th'incorporation A Font brought out of Scotland Sir Iohn Maundeuile Nobles buried Kingsberie castle A graat Meere betweene Verlame and S. Albans The ponde bought of the king drained dry Fishpoole streete S. Albans spoyled The 2 spoile of S. Albans A batte'l at S. Albans The 2. battel neere S. Albans Iohn Ball executed Hanst-hye castle Magiouiniū 1291. 2. Elizabeth Berg quid hom quid stedt quid Barkhamsted castle The castle beseiged Rich. king of Almain died Ric. 3. borne A free schoole Berg-want Brentes-feyld Queene Margarets victorie Bene. Benefician Gow Hoo. idem cretacea casa Cassij Gades Cais Gaegs chestin Casa frigida Nemus aquilinium Eppalets was a good horseleach Verlamsted Graueley cum Chesfeyld Queene Elizabeth Vadum ceruinum The castle Roger de Clare Passage for Shippes The cause of Hartfords decay The corporation The terme Hitch wood Hurlock Baron of Hunsdon Kime riuer Richard 2. buried Edmond of Langley A Bourne Womere Malum omen Pulcher church A monumēt Pelham vndedicta 1089. The reliques of Amphiball 1366. Seca deuotio K. Ethelred Crux Roisiae Made a market Wheare tweluepéce the quarter A libertie A freeschole Lee veyle Waymore castle Conuictes prison Giuen by William the Conqueror Romane coyne Municipium quid The subuersion of Verlame Eldred searched the ruynes of Verlame Eadmere continued the search An argumēt of Verlams paganisme Pottes with ashes of the dead Licoras S. Germans Watteline streete Virgil. Plato Albana citizen of Verlame Wat telineforde wayre drow ned when it began to be famous Frst founded