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A35762 A discription of Tangier, the country and people adjoyning with an account of the person and government of Gayland, the present usurper of the kingdome of Fez, and a short narrative of the proceedings of the English in those parts : whereunto is added, the copy of a letter from the King of Fez to the King of England, for assistance against his rebellious subjects, and another from Grayland to His Sacred Majesty Charles the Second : with divers letters and passages worthy of note / translated from the Spanish into English, and published by authority. Charles I, King of England, 1600-1649.; Charles II, King of England, 1630-1685.; Ghaylān, Aḥmad al-Khāḍir ibn ʻAlī, d. 1673.; Teviot, Andrew Rutherford, Earl of, d. 1664. 1664 (1664) Wing D1151; ESTC R12756 46,144 89

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the waters until he finds a Promontory or an Head of Land hanging out to the Sea this he called presently The Cape of Good Hope yet he fails at once the Love and Grief of that Coast Jo. the 2d seconds him and under the Conduct of Degola 1500. gets in to the Princes Island takes Angola I mean the City so called and with the assistance of Bartholomew Diaz gets in to Quilon Mosambique and Melinde with the King of the last whereof he made a League and with his help and direction found Port Caliculo and that way to the East-Indies but he dyeth too and his Enterprize with him A Vasquez had the honour to begin this discovery and a Vasquez hath the honour likewise to compleat it He therefore Almeda and Albu-quierque finding their way clear to the Indies but not safe through the Streights as long as those Moors Possessed the Maritime Forts they destroy Hamar ruine Bazre take Arzilla and after much expence of Bloud and Treasure under Alphonso the 5th win Tangier hard it was to win this Town which was the very strength of Fez. the Mistress of the Sea the Key of the Inland-Countrey the Sanctuary of all Male-contents and Enemies Sometimes we have 60000 sometimes 80000 sometimes an 10000 yea sometimes 200000 before it Besides the noblest Voluntiers Once there the two Kings of Morocco and Fez. the Princes of Ezhagger Asgarre Benj. Jessen Alcazaer 3000 Nobles 6000 well Horsed Gentry all in Gold and Silver and that we may see the Christians Care was not less to keep than the Infidels were to regain it Sebastian King of Portugall draws out 80000 Foot 20000 Horse to which Stukely a Prince at least in Conceit who had 6000 men given him to reduce Ireland to the obedience of the Pope the King of Spain and was Created by his Holyness to that purpose no less than Marquess of Lempster Earl of Weaford Lord Rosse added his Fortunes and in one day all four Princes viz. Sebastian Stukely Mahomet and Abdemelech fell therewith no less than 126000 men Upon Sebastians death the Spaniards had the place with the Kingdome of Portugall untill the Revolt 1640. when this City with that Kingdome returned to its wonted obedience Tangier say the Inhabitants was by Seddei the Son of Had compassed about with walls of Brass and the roofs of them covered with Gold for the building whereof he exacted great tributes of the Cities of the World believe it who can It s distance from the Streights of Gibralter is 30 miles and from the City of Fez. 150. it hath been alwayes a Civill Famous and well-peopled Town and very stately and sumptuously built the Field thereto belonging not very Fertill or apt for health howbeit not farr off are certain vallies continually watred with Fountains which furnish the said City with all sorts of Fruits in abundance without the City also grows certain Vines albeit upon a sandy soil The Country was well inhabited untill such time as Arzilla was surprised by the Portugals for then the Inhabitants being dismayed with Rumors of Wars took up their bag and baggage and fled unto Fez. Whereupon the King of Portugall his Deputy at Arzilla sent one of his Captains thither who kept it so long under the obedience of the King till the King of Fez. sent one of his Kinsmen also to defend a Region of great Importance near unto the Mountains of Gum●ra being Enemy to the Christians Twenty five years before the Portugal King wan this City he sent forth an Armada against it hoping that the City being destitute of aid while the King of Fez. was in Wars against the Rebels of Mecnase would soon yeild it self But contrary to the Portugals Expectation the Fessan King concluding a suddain Truce with them of Mecnase sent his Counseller with an Army who encountring the Portugals made a great Slaughter of them and among the rest slew their General whom he caused to be carried in a Case or Sack unto new Fez. and there to be set upon an high place where all men might behold him Afterward the King of Portugal sent a new supply who suddenly assailing the City in the night were most of them slain and the residue enforced to flee But that which the Portugal King could not bring to pass with those two Armadas he atchieved at length as is aforesaid with small Forces and little disadvantage In my time Mahomet King of Fez. left no means unattempted for the recovery of this City but so great alwayes was the valour of the Portugals that he had ever ill success These things were done in the Hegeira 917. which was in the year of our Lord 1508. Some 12 miles from Tangier was Casor and Ezzagor in an open and pleasant place over against the Coast of Granada but surprized by the Portugez And notwithstanding many attempts by the King of Fez what with money which is the first offer they alwayes make and what with men to recover it it is utterly lost and ruin'd Within 13 mile of Tangier is Tettuan called so from Tet teguin or one Eye because of the one Eyed Woman that had the command over it under the Goths fourscore and fifteen years It was desolate after the Portugals first Invasion until it was rebuilt by Almandaly who fortified it with a Wall and a Ditch from whence he cruelly molested Septa Casor and Tangier upon the Coasts whereof he made dayly Incursions and Inroads putting all Christians he took to work in his Forts by Day and lye in Sackcloath and Fetters within the deepest Dungeon in the Night Some 40 miles off is Arzitta a fair Town between which and Tangier if that correspondence could be kept which was designed by Pedro Navarro the Trade and Government of that place would lye at our mercy the Portugals having shewed us an example how we might surprize their Forts as they did that of Narangia by a stratagem 1486. take their Isles as they did Getria with a Fleet 1463. demolish their Cities as they did Bafra and Homari Round about Tangier are the wild but fruitful Mountains Chebal Rahina Beni-how Beni-Chestev whither the Moors fled and seated themselves since the Portugez took Tangia or Tangier from whence they made such Invasions even into those Mountains that the Infidels were hardly able to live there till of late by the neglect of the Portugez they have been able to build Forts and strong holds in those high places from whence they infest us at pleasure having two advantages whereof the first is their Warlikeness and the second their Woods 1. This place stands very convenient to secure and advance the Indian commerce as far as those places where there are more riches than were ever yet discovered unto the World 2. It commands the Barbarians within who could never look the Portugez in the Face til of late 2. And all Nations without who must ask its leave to pass to and fro the Streights to the great
he cannot help himself These discontented Forlornes offer him their service his necessity accepts it they tye him up and gain to themselves the Military Power Now one General is set up and when he falls anon another Gayland shewing not himself but as an eminent Souldier without whom the Kingdom could not subsist He foments the former Jealousies prolongeth the War frustrateth all Treaties until at last there were two Parties in the Army one for Peace another for War Now was his time to gratifie the Warriours to caress the Souldiers to whom his Valour and Conduct had endeared him Here is the Case in short the Army must stand by him or be disbanded hereupon they choose him General he modelleth them At last they Remonstrate That the King must be laid aside as who had betrayed his Country to Foreigners Yet he kept this close until he overcame the Enemy shut up the Christians in their Garrison and then he turned upon his own Masters cut off some of his Senate for ill advising and at last shut him up as at this hour within a strong City Sure there was an evil Star this last Age that looked upon the World That all Men of all Religions were unanimously disposed to Innovate Reform as we call it and Disturb the World A Description of the Person and Government of Gayland the present Vsurper of the Kingdom of Fez. THis Gayland since his success hath his Pedigree derived from Mahomet as Cromwel had his from the Welch Kings His Person looks handsomer than his Condition his Look is fat and plain but his Nature close and reserved He is plump yet melancholy valiant yet sly boysterous yet of few words watchful and lustful careful and intemperate a contradiction in Nature Although he hath a sadness and a heaviness by Nature that becometh a Priest yet he hath gained a complaizance by Art that becomes a Prince He hath two Qualities that may do any thing 1. Perfidiousness and 2. Cruelty When he swears most solemnly then you may be sure he lyeth so treacherous he is and when fawns most basely then you must look for mischief so bloody he is You shall have him 8. times a day at his Devotion and as many with his Concubines whom he never toucheth after sixteen having his Ministers of pleasure to annoint him and his Ladies to that purpose So prodigions is their Lust there that they take pleasure in haughtiness when they cannot be naught themselves You may be preferred and poysoned there in a day to speak cunningly to act daringly to have many strong Relations a great Estate or one handsome Wife is reason enough to send a man into another world Gaylands Calling is a Butcher and a Priest for they have all Trades there He is setling a new way of Religion which he calls The Antient One His Council are all Trades-men that understand business very well and his Judges the like His Brethren are his Favourites who yet are Gelded and so not dangerous He hath little or no strength at Sea only his tampering under-hand with them of Tunis and Tripoli He hath divided the Country among his Followers who must be true to him or they will not be so to themselves the old and loyal possessors being transplanted When he is courted to a Peace he saith It is in uain for him to think of Peace until he hath made himself terrible His Ports are strong his Speech alwayes dubious and knowingly intangled His Interest obliging him to a reserve for he dares neither clearly own his thoughts nor totally disclaim them the one way endangering his Design the other his Person so that the skill of his Port lyeth in this neither to be mistaken by his Friends nor understood by his Enemies By this middle course he gaineth time to remove Obstacles and ripen Occasions which to improve and follow is his peculiar Talent He is a Slave to his Ambition and knoweth no other measure of good and bad but as things stand in this or that relation to his end Honour Faith and Conscience weighing nothing in that Country further than they subserve to Interest He is one that will hazard very little if either Money or Wiles may do his work He hath his Renegadoes from whom he hath learned all his skill in Fortifications and Guns Gaylands Revenue HE receiveth from his Tributary Vassals the Tenths and first-Fruits of their Corn and Cattel For the first-Fruits he taketh no more than one for twenty and the whole being above twenty and demandeth no more than two though it amount to an hundred For every dayes Tilth of Ground he hath a Ducket and a quarter and so much likewise for every House as also he hath after the same rate of every Person above fifteen years old Male or Female and when need requireth a greater summ And to the end that the people may the more chearfully pay that which is imposed upon them he alwayes demands half as much more as he is to receive Most true it is that on the Mountains there inhabit certain fierce and untamed People who by reason of the steep craggy and inexpugnable situation of their Country cannot be forced to Tributes that which is gotten of them is the Tenth of their Corn and Fruits only that they may be permitted to have recourse in the Plains Besides these Revenues the King hath the Tolls and Customes of Fez and of other Cities for at the entring of their Goods the natural Citizen payeth two in the hundred and the Stranger ten Amongst many other things he hath the Revenues of Mills which yield him little less than half a Royal of Plate for every Hanega of Corn that is ground in Fez where as I told you there are four hundred Mills The Moschea of Caruven had fourscore thousand Duckets of Rent The Colledges and Hospitalls of Fez had also many thousands All which the King hath at this present And further He is Heir to all the Alcaydes and them that have Pension of him and at their Death he possesseth their Horses Armour Garments and all their Goods Howbeit if the Deceased leave any Sons apt for the service of the Wars he granteth them their Fathers Provision but if they be but young he bringeth up the Male Children to years of service and the Daughters till they be Married And therefore that he may have Interest in the Goods of Rich men he bestoweth upon them some Government or Charge with Provision Wherefore for fear of Confiscation after death every one coveteth to hide his wealth or to remove far from the Court and the Kings sight For which cause the City of Fez cometh far short of her antient glory Besides His Revenues have been augmented of late years by mighty summs of Gold which he fetcheth from Tombuto and Gago in the Land of Negros which Gold according to the report of Fame may yearly amount to three Millions of Duckets His Forces and Military Strength HE hath not any Fortresses