by_o imprisonment_n during_o life_n forfeit_v of_o good_n and_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n during_o life_n for_o this_o crime_n the_o earl_n of_o morton_n be_v execute_v by_o king_n james_n 6._o for_o have_v conceal_v the_o design_v death_n of_o king_n henry_n his_o father_n and_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o conceal_v be_v treason_n where_o the_o king_n be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o repress_v or_o punish_v the_o treason_n that_o be_v intend_v for_o there_o the_o end_n of_o reveal_v seem_v to_o cease_v which_o be_v information_n in_o order_n to_o resistance_n it_o have_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v whether_o the_o not_o reveal_v treason_n be_v punishable_a where_o the_o treason_n be_v design_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o queen_n but_o since_o they_o be_v likewise_o subject_n and_o may_v commit_v treason_n therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v treason_n in_o any_o other_o to_o conceal_v their_o treasonable_a design_n fourteen_o the_o eleven_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o flee_v from_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n which_o be_v not_o extend_v only_o to_o such_o as_o be_v swear_v to_o colour_n but_o even_o to_o such_o as_o be_v warn_v to_o and_o do_v attend_v the_o king_n host_n vid._n tit_n the_o jurisdiction_n over_o soldier_n xv._n the_o twelve_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o deny_v his_o majesty_n have_v the_o only_a power_n of_o call_v and_o dissolve_v of_o parliament_n act_n 3.1_o parl._n ch._n 2._o xvi_o by_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v treason_n to_o kill_v any_o of_o the_o prince_n counsellor_n because_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o prince_n own_o body_n l._n quisquis_fw-la c._n h._n t._n but_o with_o we_o the_o pursue_v or_o invade_v any_o of_o the_o session_n secret_a council_n or_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n officer_n for_o do_v his_o majesty_n service_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o death_n but_o not_o as_o treason_n act_n 4._o parl._n 16._o ja._n 6._o by_o officer_n here_o be_v mean_v only_a officer_n of_o state_n else_o it_o may_v be_v extend_v to_o messenger_n and_o i_o hear_v it_o resolve_v that_o this_o act_n extend_v not_o to_o such_o as_o invade_v the_o lyon_n and_o these_o word_n any_o of_o the_o session_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o advocat_n clerk_n macer_n or_o any_o else_o beside_o the_o lord_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o act._n but_o i_o think_v the_o quality_n adject_v that_o they_o be_v invade_v for_o do_v his_o majesty_n service_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o circumstance_n and_o presumption_n as_o if_o a_o pursuer_fw-mi who_o have_v lose_v a_o cause_n shall_v invade_v the_o next_o day_n a_o lord_n who_o have_v vote_v against_o he_o and_o the_o word_n this_o be_v verify_v and_o try_v import_v so_o much_o but_o the_o stat._n edward_n 3._o be_v much_o more_o clear_a make_v it_o treason_n to_o kill_v the_o officer_n therein_o mention_v only_o viz._n chancellor_n thesaurer_n chief_a justice_n of_o either_o bench_n or_o any_o judge_n of_o either_o bench_n sit_v in_o judgement_n only_o and_o from_o this_o statute_n of_o our_o neighbour_a nation_n we_o may_v argue_v that_o the_o kill_a none_o below_o a_o lord_n of_o session_n shall_v infer_v the_o punishment_n of_o this_o act._n the_o kill_v a_o member_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o in_o england_n treason_n though_o the_o parliament_n be_v a_o high_a judicatory_a than_o any_o express_v in_o the_o act._n and_o cook_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o allow_v not_o argumentum_fw-la à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la to_o infer_v crime_n and_o with_o we_o the_o kill_a a_o member_n of_o parliament_n will_v not_o infer_v death_n by_o this_o act_n since_o they_o fall_v under_o no_o qualification_n therein_o specify_v in_o england_n kill_v officer_n fall_v only_o under_o the_o statute_n but_o with_o we_o invade_v or_o pursue_v they_o be_v death_n though_o it_o take_v no_o effect_n quaritur_fw-la if_o to_o invade_v they_o when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n will_v fall_v under_o the_o statute_n since_o they_o be_v not_o under_o that_o character_n elsewhere_o or_o if_o he_o who_o invade_v they_o during_o their_o be_v suspend_v will_v fall_v under_o this_o act_n since_o during_o that_o time_n they_o retain_v the_o character_n and_o the_o exercise_n be_v only_o suspend_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o doctor_n that_o a_o statute_n punish_v such_o as_o invade_v magistrate_n be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o such_o magistrate_n as_o be_v once_o admit_v but_o not_o to_o such_o as_o be_v only_o name_v or_o elect_v for_o such_o statute_n be_v extend_v in_o gratiosis_fw-la yet_o they_o be_v restrict_v in_o such_o odious_a point_n as_o their_o cabal_n case_z 148._o treasonable_a word_n vid._n t._n injury_n and_o libel_n xvii_o the_o three_o branch_n of_o the_o division_n be_v statutory_a treason_n which_o comprehend_v under_o it_o several_a other_o point_n of_o treason_n which_o because_o they_o relate_v to_o other_o crime_n therefore_o i_o shall_v also_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o these_o title_n wherein_o these_o crime_n be_v principal_o treat_v of_o but_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o these_o act_n that_o these_o crime_n be_v not_o declare_v to_o be_v treason_n but_o only_o to_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n and_o therefore_o these_o statutory_a treason_n have_v not_o at_o all_o the_o other_o privilege_n competent_a to_o treason_n as_o that_o they_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o woman_n &_o alios_fw-la testes_fw-la inhabiles_fw-la or_o that_o he_o who_o accuse_v in_o these_o will_v commit_v treason_n if_o he_o prove_v not_o his_o accusation_n thus_o wilful_a fire_n raise_v be_v treason_n ja._n 5._o parl._n 3._o cap._n ultimo_fw-la theft_n in_o landed-man_n be_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o cap._n 50._o vid._n tit_n theft_n murder_n under_o trust_n be_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o cap._n 51._o vid._n tit_n murder_n sayer_n of_o mass_n jesuit_n traffic_v papist_n and_o their_o resetter_n commit_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 12._o cap._n 120._o vid._n tit_n heresy_n to_o buy_v or_o bring_v home_o poison_n be_v treason_n ja._n 2._o parl._n 7._o c._n 31._o vid._n poison_n thief_n who_o take_v leill_n man_n upon_o bond_n to_o re-enter_v they_o commit_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 1._o cap._n 21._o but_o though_o this_o act_n speak_v general_o of_o the_o take_n of_o any_o scottish-man_n yet_o it_o may_v clear_o appear_v by_o the_o narrative_a and_o the_o whole_a strain_n of_o the_o act_n that_o the_o same_o strike_v only_o against_o such_o thief_n as_o keep_v correspondence_n with_o the_o english_a and_o take_v scottish-man_n prisoner_n into_o england_n but_o custom_n have_v interpret_v this_o otherwise_o for_o duncan_n macgrigor_n be_v 15._o july_n 1643._o convict_v and_o hang_v as_o a_o traitor_n for_o art_n and_o part_n of_o take_v james_n anderson_n and_o john_n mackie_n and_o the_o take_n of_o captain_n cairn_n find_v relevant_a as_o a_o article_n of_o treason_n against_o assint_fw-la to_o usurp_v any_o prelate_n place_n after_o his_o decease_n be_v likewise_o treason_n ja._n 5._o parl._n 7._o cap._n 125._o xviii_o this_o crime_n have_v in_o it_o many_o specialty_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o other_o crime_n as_o first_o he_o who_o accuse_v any_o man_n for_o treason_n do_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o treason_n if_o the_o defender_n be_v acquit_v which_o be_v occasion_v as_o the_o act_n bear_v because_o of_o the_o odiousness_n of_o treason_n but_o since_o the_o the_o act_n say_v express_o that_o this_o shall_v take_v place_n where_o the_o party_n calumniat_fw-la be_v call_v accuse_v and_o quit_v of_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n therefore_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi raise_v summons_n of_o treason_n and_o shall_v pass_v from_o the_o same_o before_o the_o panel_n go_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n be_v punish_v poena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la yet_o he_o can_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o traitor_n it_o may_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v if_o this_o hold_v in_o statutory_a treason_n as_o theft_n in_o land_a man_n etc._n etc._n and_o since_o the_o reason_n inductive_a of_o that_o act_n be_v the_o odiousness_n of_o treason_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o rigid_a law_n shall_v not_o take_v place_n in_o these_o point_n of_o treason_n which_o be_v not_o so_o odious_a of_o their_o own_o nature_n another_o speciality_n in_o treason_n be_v that_o it_o can_v only_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n reg._n maj._n lib._n 1._o e._n 1._o v._n 1._o and_o that_o because_o of_o the_o king_n immediate_a interest_n since_o it_o be_v not_o presumable_a that_o the_o fiscal_n in_o inferior_a court_n will_v be_v as_o careful_a as_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n who_o can_v appear_v there_o and_o because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n and_o great_a consequence_n of_o that_o crime_n but_o it_o may_v be_v
not_o punish_v except_o they_o be_v know_v to_o have_v enmity_n against_o the_o person_n kill_v or_o that_o fraud_n be_v other_o way_n presumable_a quo_fw-la casu_fw-la they_o may_v be_v punish_v extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la farin_n quest_n 82._o vii_o such_o as_o be_v drink_v be_v sometime_o for_o want_n of_o dole_n and_o malice_n more_o meek_o punish_v than_o other_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v cheat_v upon_o design_n into_o that_o condition_n by_o other_o and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n distinguish_v inter_fw-la ebrios_fw-la who_o be_v rare_o drink_v &_o â—briosos_n who_o be_v habitual_o drink_v for_o these_o last_o shall_v be_v most_o severe_o punish_v both_o for_o their_o drunkenness_n and_o for_o the_o crime_n occasion_v by_o it_o but_o such_o as_o make_v themselves_o drink_v upon_o design_n to_o excuse_v or_o lessen_v thereby_o the_o guilt_n they_o be_v to_o commit_v merit_v no_o favour_n and_o such_o as_o know_v they_o be_v subject_a to_o extravagancy_n in_o their_o drink_n merit_v as_o little_a cabal_n case_z 297_o i_o have_v not_o in_o our_o law_n find_v drunkenness_n to_o defend_v in_o either_o case_n and_o it_o be_v repel_v in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o murder_n pursue_v against_o the_o laird_n of_o spot_n and_o douglas_n for_o kill_a hoom_n of_o eccles._n anno._n 1667._o yet_o i_o think_v that_o in_o some_o circumstantiat_fw-la case_n the_o council_n may_v mitigat_n the_o sentence_n upon_o this_o account_n but_o it_o be_v never_o a_o defence_n against_o the_o relevancie_n such_o as_o be_v furious_a be_v not_o in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n capable_a to_o commit_v a_o crime_n stat._n 2._o rob._n 2._o for_o the_o law_n compare_v they_o to_o infant_n or_o to_o dead_a man_n lege_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr acquirend_n haered_a to_o such_o as_o be_v absent_a l._n sed_fw-la si_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr injuriis_fw-la and_o make_v they_o to_o be_v no_o more_o guilty_a because_o of_o the_o crime_n they_o commit_v than_o a_o stone_n from_o a_o house_n or_o a_o beast_n be_v to_o be_v repute_n guilty_a and_o punishable_a for_o the_o wrong_n they_o do_v quam_fw-la si_fw-la pauperiem_fw-la pecus_fw-la dederit_fw-la aut_fw-la tegula_fw-la ceciderit_fw-la l._n 5._o ff_n ad_fw-la l._n aquil_a and_o the_o law_n commiserats_n so_o far_o their_o condition_n that_o it_o expostulat_v with_o such_o as_o will_v pursue_v they_o for_o a_o crime_n &_o non_fw-la exigas_fw-la poenas_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la quem_fw-la fati_fw-la in_o felicitas_fw-la excusat_fw-la quiabque_fw-la furore_fw-la ipso_fw-la satis_fw-la punitur_fw-la l._n infans_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la l._n corn._n the_o sicar_n they_o be_v excuse_v by_o their_o own_o misfortune_n and_o abundant_o punish_v by_o their_o own_o fury_n but_o since_o the_o law_n protect_v furious_a person_n from_o punishment_n because_o they_o want_v all_o judgement_n l._n 14._o ff_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la praesid_v it_o follow_v natural_o that_o this_o privilege_n shall_v be_v only_o extend_v to_o such_o as_o be_v absolute_o furious_a 2._o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o since_o the_o law_n grant_v a_o total_a impunity_n to_o such_o as_o be_v absolute_o furious_a that_o therefore_o it_o shall_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o proportion_n lessen_v and_o moderate_a the_o punishment_n of_o such_o as_o though_o they_o be_v not_o absolute_o mad_a yet_o be_v hypochondric_n and_o melancholy_a to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o it_o cloud_n their_o reason_n qui_fw-la sensum_fw-la aliquem_fw-la habent_fw-la sed_fw-la diminutum_fw-la which_o lawyer_n call_v insania_fw-la and_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3._o that_o such_o as_o show_v any_o act_n of_o resentment_n or_o revenge_n in_o the_o wrong_n they_o do_v may_v be_v punish_v with_o some_o degree_n of_o severity_n since_o they_o show_v some_o degree_n of_o judgement_n but_o yet_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n be_v just_o condemn_v by_o all_o lawyer_n for_o have_v cause_v execute_v a_o mad_a man_n who_o have_v kill_v one_o that_o have_v strike_v 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though_o every_o man_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v sound_a in_o his_o judgement_n till_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v quia_fw-la qualitas_fw-la quae_fw-la inesse_fw-la debet_fw-la inesse_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la alciat_fw-la praesump_n 1._o yet_o when_o a_o man_n be_v once_o prove_v to_o have_v be_v furious_a the_o law_n presume_v that_o he_o still_o continue_v furious_a till_o the_o contrair_n be_v prove_v for_o madness_n be_v but_o too_o stick_v a_o disease_n and_o be_v seldom_o or_o ever_o cure_v and_o this_o presumption_n shall_v rather_o hold_v in_o the_o commit_n of_o crime_n then_o in_o any_o thing_n else_o for_o the_o commit_n of_o a_o crime_n look_v like_a the_o madness_n than_o the_o lucid_a interval_n and_o yet_o if_o my_o opinion_n be_v of_o authority_n enough_o i_o will_v limit_v this_o rule_n in_o two_o case_n 1._o if_o the_o madness_n have_v fix_v to_o a_o ordinary_a interval_n as_o the_o height_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o lunatic_n i_o will_v presume_v that_o if_o the_o 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but_o leave_v some_o weakness_n and_o make_v a_o man_n a_o unfit_a judge_n of_o what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v est_fw-la tantum_fw-la adumbrata_fw-la quies_fw-la intermissio_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la resipiscentia_fw-la integra_fw-la and_o as_o our_o proverb_n well_o observe_v once_o wood_n â—ay_v the_o worse_o it_o be_v statute_n by_o the_o 24._o chap._n stat._n 2._o rob._n 2._o that_o a_o mad_a person_n shall_v be_v keep_v by_o his_o friend_n and_o if_o he_o commit_v any_o wrong_n it_o shall_v be_v impute_v to_o his_o friend_n and_o keeper_n but_o though_o these_o may_v be_v make_v liable_a civility_n for_o any_o damnage_n the_o furious_a man_n do_v as_o a_o master_n be_v in_o law_n liable_a for_o the_o prejudice_n do_v by_o a_o wild_a beast_n which_o he_o keep_v yet_o it_o be_v too_o severe_a to_o punish_v they_o corporal_o for_o the_o murder_n and_o other_o crymes_n which_o he_o commit_v except_o where_o they_o be_v command_v by_o the_o judge_n to_o keep_v he_o exact_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v against_o such_o as_o be_v only_o his_o curator_n or_o near_a of_o kin_n bartol_n ad_fw-la l._n divus_o ff_n de_fw-mi off_o praesid_v it_o be_v general_o agree_v to_o by_o lawyer_n that_o furious_a person_n commit_v a_o crime_n in_o their_o fury_n can_v be_v punish_v for_o it_o though_o thereafter_o they_o return_v to_o themselves_o for_o in_o punish_v crymes_n the_o time_n of_o the_o commission_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v though_o jason_n tiraquel_n and_o some_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v very_o atrocious_a the_o mad_a man_n recover_v may_v be_v punish_v and_o for_o this_o they_o instance_n the_o queen_n of_o castille_n who_o punish_v with_o death_n a_o man_n who_o have_v in_o his_o fury_n wound_v her_o husband_n king_n ferdinand_n and_o they_o cite_v l._n 14._o ff_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la praesidis_fw-la but_o the_o instance_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o passion_n of_o a_o woman_n and_o that_o law_n
be_v probable_a 3_o the_o nature_n and_o punishment_n of_o it_o in_o scotland_n 4_o baratry_n ecclesiastic_a 5_o baratry_n civil_a simony_n be_v the_o sell_v or_o buy_v any_o church_n office_n cupiditas_fw-la emendi_fw-la aut_fw-la vendendi_fw-la aliquid_fw-la spiritual_fw-la aut_fw-la spirituali_fw-la annexum_fw-la so_o call_v from_o simon_n magus_n who_o offer_v to_o buy_v the_o grace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o canonist_n teach_v that_o it_o be_v simony_n to_o paction_n for_o any_o advantage_n in_o administrate_v the_o sacrament_n but_o not_o to_o take_v reward_n after_o they_o have_v administrate_n they_o ii_o in_o this_o crime_n infamous_a person_n whoor_n and_o other_o witness_n who_o be_v not_o habiles_fw-la or_o at_o least_o who_o be_v not_o omni_n exceptione_n majores_fw-la be_v here_o receivable_a cap._n sicut_fw-la de_fw-fr simon_n because_o it_o be_v ordinary_o carry_v on_o with_o much_o privacy_n and_o clandestine_v deal_v for_o which_o reason_n likewise_o lawyer_n conclude_v that_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o presumption_n it_o be_v crimen_fw-la mere_a ecclesiasticum_fw-la and_o can_v be_v punish_v by_o laic_n the_o punishment_n be_v depravation_n iii_o with_o we_o simony_n be_v once_o mention_v and_o that_o be_v act_n 1_o par._n 21._o ja._n 6._o wherein_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o if_o the_o archbishop_n or_o bishop_n deprehend_v that_o the_o person_n who_o be_v present_v have_v make_v any_o simonaical_a paction_n with_o the_o patron_n whereby_o he_o have_v so_o hurt_v the_o benefice_n as_o that_o he_o have_v not_o reserve_v a_o sufficient_a maintenance_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o successor_n suitable_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o benefice_n that_o the_o bishop_n may_v refuse_v the_o presentation_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v judge_n to_o any_o debate_n arise_v betwixt_o the_o bishop_n patron_n and_o person_n upon_o that_o account_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o it_o be_v employ_v and_o tacit_o acknowledge_v that_o simony_n be_v a_o crime_n by_o our_o law_n see_v this_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o branch_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o what_o ever_o be_v punish_v as_o simony_n by_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v punishable_a with_o we_o and_o that_o a_o minister_n or_o other_o beneficed_a person_n who_o bargain_n or_o transact_v with_o any_o to_o get_v they_o a_o church_n or_o benefice_n and_o give_v or_o promise_v money_n therefore_o be_v punishable_a even_o by_o our_o law_n 2._o that_o by_o this_o act_n a_o paction_n whereby_o the_o incumbent_n reserve_v to_o himself_o a_o competency_n suitable_a to_o the_o benefice_n be_v not_o simony_n and_o what_o this_o conpetencie_n be_v be_v leave_v arbitrary_a to_o the_o judge_n because_o it_o be_v not_o determine_v 3._o that_o this_o crime_n be_v probable_a with_o we_o by_o oath_n because_o of_o its_o clandestine_v convoyance_n as_o say_v be_v by_o the_o stat._n eliz._n 31._o the_o person_n commit_v simony_n be_v declare_v uncapable_a to_o enjoy_v that_o ecclesiastic_a office_n iv._o baratry_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o simony_n socinus_n reg_fw-la 55._o bald._n part_n 5._o consil._n 21._o which_o with_o we_o be_v commit_v by_o these_o who_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o buy_v benefice_n without_o licence_n from_o the_o chancellor_n or_o their_o ordinar_n i._o 1._o p._n 7._o cap._n 106._o the_o pain_n of_o it_o be_v banishment_n and_o never_o to_o bruik_v honour_n or_o employment_n for_o the_o future_a within_o the_o kingdom_n this_o word_n come_v from_o the_o italian_a word_n baratry_n which_o signify_v corrupt_v of_o judge_n for_o our_o law_n presume_v that_o these_o who_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o get_v a_o benefice_n design_v to_o get_v it_o by_o corruption_n but_o though_o barater_n be_v call_v canpone_n beneficiorum_fw-la by_o the_o doctor_n as_o craig_n observe_v pag._n 371._o yet_o our_o king_n be_v of_o old_a very_o submissive_a to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n dare_v not_o direct_o at_o first_o forbid_v application_n to_o rome_n but_o do_v only_o forbid_v the_o carry_v abroad_o money_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n know_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v do_v there_o without_o money_n but_o thereafter_o this_o crime_n grow_v great_a the_o parliament_n do_v by_o the_o 84._o cap._n p._n 6._o i._o 3._o forbid_v express_o the_o go_n to_o rome_n to_o purchase_v benefice_n or_o to_o be_v its_o collector_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o be_v demean_v as_o traitor_n and_o never_o to_o bruik_v benefice_n or_o use_v worship_n which_o be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 53._o act_n 5._o p._n i._n 4._o but_o though_o the_o punishment_n be_v that_o of_o treason_n by_o these_o act_n yet_o by_o the_o 2._o act_n 1_o p._n i._n 6._o the_o punishment_n of_o baratry_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v prescription_n banishment_n and_o never_o to_o bruik_v honour_n nor_o office_n within_o the_o kingdom_n and_o all_o application_n to_o rome_n be_v punishable_a as_o baratry_n this_o act_n be_v after_o the_o reformation_n and_o by_o this_o last_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o baratry_n may_v be_v punish_v either_o by_o the_o justice_n or_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o upon_o this_o act_n james_n archbishop_n of_o glasgow_n be_v exauctorate_v after_o the_o reformation_n for_o go_v to_o rome_n v._o the_o son_n of_o noble_a man_n and_o other_o pass_v to_o school_n beyond_o sea_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n be_v also_o say_v to_o commit_v baratry_a i._n 6._o p._n 6._o cap._n 71._o and_o the_o council_n use_v to_o ordain_v noble_a man_n who_o breed_v their_o child_n abroad_o in_o popish_a school_n to_o bring_v they_o home_o under_o a_o great_a fine_a as_o they_o do_v late_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o mordingtoun_n and_o semple_n in_o anno_fw-la 1668._o before_o which_o act_n also_o all_o laic_n go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n or_o licence_n from_o the_o chancellor_n commit_v baratry_n i._o 4._o p._n 5._o cap._n 53._o and_o though_o craig_n debate_v pag._n 371._o whether_o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o be_v the_o same_o with_o treason_n because_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n cap._n 84._o pa._n 6._o i._o 3._o yet_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o this_o punishment_n be_v restrict_v by_o the_o act_n 2._o p._n 1._o i._o 1._o to_o the_o be_v declare_v incapable_a of_o trust_n and_o banishment_n this_o prohibition_n of_o laic_n go_v abroad_o be_v first_o at_o carthage_n and_o be_v now_o in_o vigour_n at_o naples_n and_o many_o other_o place_n and_o though_o it_o be_v now_o in_o desuetude_n at_o least_o be_v not_o punish_v except_o in_o privy_a counsellor_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o any_o shall_v say_v that_o this_o crime_n take_v only_a place_n in_o vassal_n hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o act_n be_v general_a and_o yet_o merchant_n be_v warrant_v by_o divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n to_o traffic_n abroad_o and_o so_o fall_v not_o under_o this_o prohibition_n title_n vi_o treason_n laesa_fw-la majestas_fw-la 1_o treason_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o perduellion_n and_o laese-majestie_n 2_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o perduellion_n and_o laese-majestie_n 3_o treason_n with_o we_o may_v be_v divide_v in_o perduellion_n laese-majestie_n and_o statutory_a treason_n 4_o the_o nature_n of_o perduellion_n or_o rise_v in_o arm_n which_o be_v the_o first_o species_n of_o treason_n 5_o the_o second_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v commit_v against_o the_o king_n person_n 6_o the_o three_o be_v the_o recept_v such_o as_o have_v commit_v treason_n 7_o the_o four_o be_v to_o hold_v out_o house_n against_o the_o king_n 8_o the_o five_o be_v to_o assail_v castle_n where_o the_o king_n reside_v 9_o the_o six_o be_v to_o raise_v a_o fray_n in_o the_o king_n host._n 10_o the_o seven_o be_v to_o trouble_v any_o who_o kill_v a_o declare_a traitor_n 11_o the_o eight_o be_v to_o impugn_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n 12_o the_o nine_o be_v to_o decline_v the_o king_n or_o council_n authority_n 13_o the_o ten_o be_v to_o conceal_v and_o not_o reveal_v treason_n 14_o the_o eleven_o be_v to_o desert_n the_o king_n host._n 15_o the_o twelve_o be_v to_o deny_v the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n in_o call_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n 16_o how_o the_o kill_a counsellor_n be_v punishable_a 17_o the_o several_a branch_n of_o statutory_a treason_n 18_o to_o accuse_v any_o man_n for_o treason_n if_o the_o accuse_v be_v assoilzy_v be_v treason_n 19_o treason_n be_v not_o baleable_a 20_o summons_n of_o treason_n ought_v to_o be_v execute_v by_o herald_n 21_o whether_o less_o probation_n be_v sufficient_a in_o treason_n then_o in_o other_o crime_n 22_o treason_n may_v be_v pursue_v after_o the_o committer_n death_n 23_o traitor_n may_v be_v forefault_v in_o absence_n 24_o how_o disobey_v the_o king_n be_v punishable_a 25_o the_o punishment_n of_o treason_n in_o general_n unhappy_a
man_n retain_v in_o nothing_o so_o much_o a_o desire_n to_o be_v like_o his_o maker_n as_o in_o that_o he_o will_v be_v supreme_a and_o no_o wonder_n that_o this_o crime_n shall_v be_v incident_a to_o he_o in_o this_o lapse_v condition_n when_o his_o will_n be_v crooked_a and_o his_o judgement_n blind_a since_o the_o very_a angel_n in_o their_o purity_n and_o man_n in_o his_o innocence_n be_v tempt_v by_o it_o so_o that_o since_o man_n have_v subject_v themselves_o to_o government_n we_o may_v easy_o conclude_v they_o find_v a_o great_a convenience_n in_o this_o submission_n else_o they_o have_v never_o offer_v so_o much_o violence_n to_o their_o own_o inclination_n to_o society_n and_o law_n we_o owe_v every_o moment_n the_o preservation_n of_o our_o life_n and_o fortune_n which_o nothing_o but_o discipline_n do_v secure_a and_o without_o a_o entire_a submission_n these_o society_n will_v be_v but_o company_n of_o robber_n and_o law_n but_o mere_a toy_n how_o many_o danger_n do_v governor_n incur_v and_o by_o how_o many_o care_n and_o fear_n be_v they_o disquiet_v wherefore_o it_o be_v most_o just_a that_o those_o who_o govern_v shall_v be_v more_o secure_a against_o their_o subject_n then_o against_o their_o enemy_n since_o they_o may_v be_v most_o easy_o wrong_v by_o those_o who_o live_v in_o their_o own_o bosom_n and_o who_o have_v easy_a and_o open_a access_n to_o they_o in_o other_o crime_n one_o or_o at_o most_o few_o be_v wrong_v whereas_o in_o rebellion_n and_o laese_n majesty_n the_o whole_a society_n be_v offend_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o just_a that_o those_o who_o design_n the_o ruin_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o the_o supreme_a governor_n which_o crime_n we_o call_v treason_n shall_v of_o all_o other_o be_v most_o severe_o punish_v and_o the_o basilick_n l._n 1._o h._n 1._o observe_v well_o that_o treason_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o sacrilege_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._o treason_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n divide_v in_o perduellionem_fw-la &_o laesam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la perduellion_n be_v that_o treason_n which_o be_v commit_v against_o the_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n immediate_o adversus_fw-la populum_fw-la romanum_fw-la vel_fw-la securitatem_fw-la ejus_fw-la laese_n majesty_n as_o oppose_v to_o perduellion_n be_v commit_v by_o speak_v against_o the_o prince_n reveal_v his_o secret_n etc._n etc._n this_o crime_n be_v punish_v per_fw-la legem_fw-la juliam_fw-la the_o branch_n whereof_o be_v the_o raise_n of_o arm_n against_o the_o state_n the_o be_v in_o accession_n to_o the_o flight_n of_o such_o as_o be_v hostage_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o to_o the_o kill_n of_o any_o magistrate_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o keep_a correspondence_n with_o the_o enemy_n the_o continue_v to_o govern_v a_o province_n after_o a_o a_o successor_n be_v name_v the_o levy_v of_o a_o army_n and_o run_v in_o to_o the_o enemy_n all_o which_o be_v express_o enumerat_a ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul._n majestat_fw-la ii_o betwixt_o these_o two_o hottoman_n assign_v these_o four_o difference_n 1._o that_o perduellion_n be_v that_o whereby_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o general_n wrong_v qui_fw-la summam_fw-la rei_fw-la publicae_fw-la lube_fw-la factare_fw-la conati_fw-la sunt_fw-la laesa_fw-la majestas_fw-la be_v that_o whereby_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v only_o wrong_v in_o a_o part_n or_o by_o consequence_n as_o to_o suffer_v the_o enemy_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o escape_v or_o to_o conceal_v they_o etc._n etc._n the_o 2._o be_v the_o crime_n of_o laese_n majesty_n may_v have_v be_v pursue_v before_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n in_o foro_fw-la but_o perduellion_n can_v not_o be_v pursue_v but_o in_o the_o great_a meeting_n of_o the_o people_n à _fw-la populo_fw-la romano_n comitiis_fw-la centuriatis_fw-la in_o campo_fw-it martio_fw-la whence_o probable_o do_v arise_v the_o judge_a treason_n by_o parliament_n with_o we_o the_o 3._o be_v that_o the_o crime_n of_o ordinary_a laese_n majesty_n be_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n as_o perduellion_n be_v but_o with_o banishment_n the_o 4._o be_v that_o the_o ordinary_a laese_n majesty_n be_v punish_v by_o death_n but_o perduellion_n be_v punishable_a after_o death_n iii_o treason_n may_v be_v with_o we_o divide_v in_o perduellion_n which_o we_o call_v high_a treason_n call_v by_o the_o english_a law_n alta_fw-la proditio_fw-la or_o rebellion_n which_o be_v only_o with_o we_o a_o rise_n in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n and_o in_o ordinary_a treason_n and_o laese_n majesty_n such_o as_o to_o conceal_v and_o not_o reveal_v treason_n and_o in_o statutory_a treason_n which_o be_v not_o treason_n proper_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n but_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v so_o by_o a_o particular_a statute_n as_o be_v that_o of_o murder_n under_o trust_n theft_n in_o landed-man_n etc._n etc._n iv._o perduellion_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v rebellion_n in_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o it_o be_v so_o call_v extravagan_a hen._n 7._o qui_fw-la sunt_fw-la rebel_n and_o there_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o rebel_n &_o infideles_fw-la imperii_fw-la qui_fw-la quom_fw-la docunque_fw-la aliquid_fw-la machinantur_fw-la contra_fw-la prosperitatem_fw-la imperii_fw-la but_o i_o find_v not_o the_o word_n rebellion_n use_v in_o the_o law_n before_o that_o time_n yet_o sometime_o rebellion_n be_v in_o our_o law_n take_v for_o that_o which_o be_v commit_v against_o the_o king_n person_n as_o in_o the_o 3._o act_n 1._o parl._n k._n ja._n 1._o where_o it_o be_v say_v no_o man_n shall_v rebel_v against_o the_o king_n person_n open_o nor_o notour_o but_o the_o adverb_n there_o use_v open_o and_o notour_o in_o that_o and_o the_o subsequent_a act_n interpret_v sufficient_o the_o word_n rise_v against_o the_o king_n person_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o that_o be_v call_v perduellion_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n viz._n siquis_fw-la hostili_fw-la animo_fw-la adversus_fw-la principem_fw-la vel_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la animatus_fw-la sit_fw-la to_o raise_v arm_n against_o the_o king_n then_o or_o to_o rise_v in_o open_a rebellion_n be_v the_o first_o and_o high_a degree_n of_o treason_n ja._n 2._o par._n 6._o act_n 25._o where_o it_o be_v call_v a_o raise_n in_o fear_n of_o war_n against_o the_o king_n which_o act_n comprehend_v all_o the_o kind_n of_o treason_n like_o lex_fw-la prima_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la l._n jul._n majest_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v follow_v that_o method_n and_o though_o it_o be_v add_v in_o that_o act_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v treason_n to_o rise_v in_o fear_n of_o war_n against_o his_o person_n or_o majesty_n of_o what_o ever_o age_n he_o be_v of_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n yet_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n will_v not_o defend_v the_o rise_n in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o argyle_n be_v pursue_v upon_o this_o act_n in_o anno_fw-la 1662._o for_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o marquis_n of_o montrose_n then_o the_o king_n commissioner_n for_o the_o analysis_n of_o that_o act_n must_v run_v run_v so_o as_o that_o these_o word_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n can_v be_v add_v to_o all_o the_o former_a treason_n commit_v against_o the_o king_n person_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o that_o act_n for_o many_o thing_n in_o that_o act_n can_v not_o be_v justify_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n for_o else_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o not_o the_o king_n will_v be_v sovereign_a for_o they_o only_o be_v sovereign_a against_o who_o treason_n can_v be_v commit_v but_o these_o word_n must_v only_o be_v take_v as_o add_v to_o the_o last_o crime_n prohibit_v which_o be_v the_o assail_a of_o the_o castle_n or_o house_n where_o the_o king_n person_n be_v which_o may_v be_v lawful_o do_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n for_o if_o the_o king_n be_v very_o young_a be_v take_v prisoner_n as_o our_o king_n ofttimes_o be_v in_o their_o minority_n it_o have_v be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o these_o who_o go_v to_o assail_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n that_o castle_n where_o the_o king_n person_n be_v shall_v be_v punish_v as_o traitor_n because_o of_o their_o obedience_n but_o to_o suppress_v all_o pretext_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o that_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o 5_o act_n 1_o parl._n 1_o sess._n ch._n 2._o that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o only_a power_n of_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v treason_n for_o any_o number_n of_o man_n less_o or_o more_o upon_o any_o ground_n or_o pretext_n whatsoever_o to_o rise_v or_o continue_v in_o arm_n to_o maintain_v any_o fort_n strength_n or_o garrison_n or_o to_o make_v league_n or_o treaty_n among_o themselves_o or_o with_o foreign_a prince_n without_o his_o majesty_n authority_n and_o approbation_n first_o interpon_v thereto_o or_o to_o attempt_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n under_o
the_o pain_n of_o treason_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v the_o rise_n in_o arm_n or_o make_v league_n see_v that_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v his_o majesty_n prerogative_n 2._o that_o the_o rise_n in_o defensive_a arm_n be_v treason_n by_o these_o word_n upon_o what_o pretext_n soever_o 3._o that_o nudus_fw-la conatus_fw-la be_v in_o this_o case_n treason_n by_o these_o word_n to_o attempt_v by_o the_o english_a law_n the_o conspire_v to_o raise_v a_o war_n be_v not_o treason_n except_o it_o be_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la raise_v and_o with_o they_o if_o three_o or_o four_o rise_v to_o throw_v down_o private_a house_n or_o for_o any_o private_a cause_n it_o be_v but_o a_o riot_n but_o if_o these_o three_o or_o four_o rise_v to_o reform_v law_n or_o religion_n or_o upon_o any_o public_a account_n than_o it_o be_v account_v the_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n cook_n hoc_fw-la tit_n pag._n 9_o who_o likewise_o tell_v we_o that_o if_o three_o conspire_v to_o levy_v a_o war_n it_o be_v treason_n if_o in_o the_o mere_a conspirer_n if_o the_o rest_n thereafter_o levy_v actual_o a_o war_n though_o he_o be_v not_o present_a and_o in_o that_o sense_n only_o i_o will_v interpret_v the_o severe_a l._n 19_o basil._n h._n t._n propter_fw-la cogitationem_fw-la dignus_fw-la est_fw-la poena_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o english_a law_n require_v still_o owert_a fait_fw-fr a_o open_a deed_n this_o rise_n in_o arm_n be_v likewise_o call_v seditio_fw-la regni_fw-la vel_fw-la exercitus_fw-la reg._n majest_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 1._o &_o cap._n 11._o ibid._n ad_fw-la tit_n sedit_fw-la the_o second_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o commit_v treason_n against_o the_o king_n person_n and_o i_o find_v that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o kind_n of_o treason_n express_v in_o the_o former_a act_n 25._o parl._n 6._o ja._n 2._o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v treason_n to_o lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o person_n violent_o what_o ever_o age_n he_o be_v of_o which_o word_n be_v add_v to_o clear_v that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o rebel_v even_o against_o his_o authority_n before_o he_o be_v proclaim_v or_o crown_v for_o the_o be_v crown_v or_o proclaim_v be_v tantum_fw-la declaratoria_fw-la juris_fw-la sed_fw-la nihil_fw-la novi_fw-la juris_fw-la tribuit_fw-la it_o be_v the_o jus_o sanguinis_fw-la and_o succession_n of_o blood_n which_o make_v he_o king_n this_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v likewise_o declare_v act_n 3._o and_o 4._o parl._n 1_o ja._n 1._o and_o in_o their_o case_n affectus_fw-la sine_fw-la effectu_fw-la punitur_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o master_n of_o forbes_n be_v hurl_v through_o the_o calsey_n hang_v and_o quarter_v for_o imagine_v this_o be_v a_o english_a term_n which_o signify_v a_o design_n to_o shoot_v k._n james_n the_o 5_o 17._o july_n 1537._o and_o the_o countess_n of_o glames_z be_v burn_v for_o imagine_v to_o poison_v the_o say_a king_n james_n the_o five_o 17._o july_n 1537._o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v not_o treason_n to_o kill_v a_o king_n out_o of_o possession_n cook_n pag._n 9_o but_o this_o seem_v unjust_a if_o the_o king_n title_n be_v clear_a as_o our_o king_n be_v in_o exile_n though_o in_o dubious_a case_n such_o as_o betwixt_o the_o bruce_n and_o balliol_n possession_n may_v difference_n the_o case_n to_o kill_v the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n be_v with_o they_o treason_n 25._o stat._n edw._n 3._o the_o three_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v the_o reset_a any_o who_o have_v commit_v treason_n or_o that_o supply_v they_o in_o red_a help_n or_o counsel_n cujus_fw-la opera_fw-la dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la host_n populi_fw-la romani_fw-la pecunia_fw-la aliave_fw-la re_fw-la adjuti_fw-la erant_fw-la this_o be_v likewise_o discharge_v act._n 97._o parl._n 7._o ja._n 5._o where_o all_o the_o liedge_n be_v forbid_v to_o reset_v supply_n or_o maintain_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n rebel_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o if_o any_o disobey_v to_o enforce_v id_fw-la est_fw-la to_o second_v the_o king_n against_o notour_n rebel_n against_o his_o person_n when_o they_o be_v require_v and_o command_v they_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o king_n as_o favourer_n of_o such_o rebel_n except_o they_o have_v for_o they_o a_o reasonable_a excusation_n act_n 4._o parl._n 1_o ja._n 1._o from_o which_o act_n it_o may_v be_v debate_v the_o refuse_v to_o assist_v against_o rebel_n that_o be_v not_o notour_n or_o against_o rebel_n that_o have_v not_o commit_v any_o other_o treason_n than_o perduellion_n can_v infer_v with_o we_o the_o guilt_n of_o treason_n the_o doctor_n here_o debate_v whether_o a_o wife_n reset_a her_o own_o husband_n or_o a_o father_n his_o son_n commit_v treason_n and_o albeit_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o relation_n of_o sovereign_n and_o subject_a be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o other_o and_o so_o all_o other_o relation_n shall_v cede_fw-la to_o it_o and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o state_n lose_v all_o relation_n l._n post_fw-la liminium_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi capt_n &_o postlimin_n yet_o the_o ordinary_a distinction_n be_v that_o if_o any_o of_o these_o relation_n assist_v a_o rebel_n with_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o as_o a_o man_n as_o meat_n drink_z etc._n etc._n in_o that_o case_n they_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o treason_n but_o if_o they_o assist_v these_o relation_n with_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o they_o in_o their_o treason_n than_o they_o be_v guilty_a farin_n quest_n 113._o num_fw-la 280._o and_o matheus_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi cap._n 2._o num_fw-la 20._o for_o albeit_o rebel_n lose_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n yet_o they_o retain_v those_o privilege_n that_o flow_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o nature_n bartol_n ad_fw-la l._n amissum_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi capt_n &_o postlim_fw-la and_o thus_o caesar_n pardon_v pompey_n son_n and_o tiberius_n piso_n son_n albeit_o they_o follow_v their_o father_n after_o they_o be_v declare_v traitor_n but_o i_o find_v in_o our_o law_n many_o decision_n of_o this_o question_n as_o in_o july_n 1537._o where_o janet_n dowglas_n lady_n glames_z be_v convict_v and_o burn_v for_o fortify_v and_o assist_v the_o earl_n of_o angus_n and_o george_n dowglas_n her_o brethren_n traitor_n and_o rebel_n and_o 18._o july_n 1537._o the_o mr._n of_o glames_z be_v hang_v and_o draw_v for_o conceal_v and_o not_o reveal_v the_o treasonable_a design_n of_o his_o mother_n to_o poison_v the_o king_n but_o the_o countess_n of_o errol_n be_v pursue_v for_o assist_v the_o earl_n of_o bothwel_n at_o least_o for_o not_o reveal_v a_o letter_n she_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o bothwels_n lady_n desire_v assistance_n it_o be_v allege_v for_o the_o lady_n that_o the_o countess_n of_o bothwel_n be_v no_o rebel_n though_o her_o husband_n be_v and_o that_o she_o have_v not_o consent_v this_o be_v delay_v anno_fw-la 1596._o vii_o the_o four_o species_n or_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o stuff_v the_o house_n of_o they_o who_o be_v convict_v of_o treason_n and_o hold_v they_o against_o the_o king_n or_o that_o stuff_v any_o of_o their_o own_o house_n in_o further_a of_o the_o king_n rebel_n which_o be_v express_v also_o by_o the_o former_a act_n yet_o i_o think_v this_o rather_o exegetick_a of_o the_o former_a point_n than_o a_o separate_a point_n of_o treason_n for_o both_o these_o may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o help_n red_a or_o counsel_n robert_n stewart_n be_v hang_v for_o keep_v out_o his_o house_n against_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o orknay_n his_o father_n be_v hang_v for_o hound_v out_o his_o son_n the_o one_o the_o 5._o of_o january_n and_o the_o other_o the_o 1._o of_o february_n 1615._o and_o cunninghame_n of_o tourland_n be_v forefault_n and_o execute_v for_o assist_v his_o brother_n in_o keep_v out_o the_o house_n of_o cunninghame-head_n 15._o february_n 1601._o but_o yet_o when_o house_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v render_v be_v keep_v only_o for_o private_a cause_n under_o pain_n of_o treason_n though_o the_o party_n disobey_v yet_o if_o he_o thereafter_o yield_v that_o manner_n of_o keep_v out_o house_n will_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o treason_n but_o arbitrary_o as_o in_o burgy_n case_n 1668._o the_o 2._o of_o february_n 2674._o mackloud_o of_o assint_fw-la be_v pannele_v for_o have_v garrison_v his_o house_n of_o arbreak_n and_o convocate_a his_o majesty_n liedge_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 400._o man_n under_o pay_n and_o colour_n against_o which_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o assint_fw-la here_o only_o fortify_v his_o house_n and_o convocat_n his_o man_n to_o oppose_v the_o earl_n of_o seaforth_n but_o not_o the_o king_n nor_o do_v he_o pretend_v any_o quarrel_n against_o the_o government_n but_o against_o private_a oppression_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v
doubt_v whether_o lord_n of_o regality_n or_o subject_n have_v a_o justiciary_a be_v judge_n competent_a to_o treason_n and_o it_o seem_v not_o for_o the_o reason_n foresay_a xix_o the_o second_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o those_o who_o be_v pursue_v for_o treason_n shall_v be_v immediate_o commit_v to_o prison_n and_o their_o good_n shall_v be_v put_v under_o sick_a burrows_n id_fw-la est_fw-la caution_n under_o which_o they_o must_v remain_v ay_o and_o while_o they_o suffer_v a_o assize_n ja._n 2._o p._n 12._o c._n 49._o and_o reg._n maj._n lib._n 4._o c._n 1._o but_o it_o seem_v very_o hard_a in_o our_o law_n that_o there_o be_v no_o time_n prescribe_v for_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o insist_v but_o that_o the_o person_n suspect_v may_v be_v keep_v in_o prison_n for_o a_o long_a time_n though_o he_o be_v very_o innocent_a and_o offer_v himself_o to_o a_o trial_n whereby_o the_o most_o innocent_a of_o subject_n may_v be_v ruin_v in_o their_o fortune_n and_o family_n without_o any_o just_a cause_n and_o yet_o upon_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o be_v hard_o that_o traitor_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o go_v abroad_o because_o probation_n can_v be_v present_o have_v which_o it_o may_v be_v the_o traitor_n have_v abstract_v or_o that_o the_o king_n or_o state_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o discover_v too_o soon_o by_o a_o pursuit_n a_o treason_n which_o he_o be_v bind_v in_o policy_n to_o cover_v for_o some_o time_n and_o as_o in_o war_n so_o in_o treason_n which_o be_v as_o dangerous_a many_o thing_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v not_o otherwise_o regular_a the_o interest_n of_o all_o preponderate_v the_o interest_n of_o any_o one_o or_o a_o few_o xx._n the_o three_o speciality_n in_o treason_n be_v that_o all_o charge_n of_o treason_n shall_v be_v execute_v by_o herald_n and_o pursuivant_n bear_v coat_n of_o arm_n and_o by_o macer_n and_o that_o for_o the_o great_a solemnity_n else_o these_o charge_n be_v declare_v null_n ja._n 6._o p._n 12._o c._n 125._o likeas_n the_o ordinary_a custom_n be_v to_o execute_v summons_n of_o treason_n after_o that_o manner_n but_o it_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o 5._o of_o december_n 1666._o in_o the_o action_n intent_a at_o his_o majesty_n advocat_n instance_n against_o mackulloch_n and_o other_o that_o this_o act_n do_v only_o relate_v to_o summons_n of_o treason_n or_o any_o other_o charge_n wherein_o man_n be_v ordain_v to_o obey_v under_o pain_n of_o treason_n but_o that_o inditement_n of_o treason_n give_v to_o man_n who_o be_v in_o prison_n may_v be_v execute_v by_o ordinary_a messenger_n and_o yet_o the_o act_n say_v that_o all_o execution_n give_v otherwise_o then_o be_v appoint_v by_o that_o act_n shall_v be_v null_a xxi_o woman_n and_o other_o may_v be_v witness_n in_o this_o crime_n though_o in_o other_o crime_n they_o can_v and_o one_o witness_n be_v sufficient_a here_o and_o famosi_n &_o impuberes_fw-la of_o what_o ever_o age_n be_v receivable_a as_o witness_n by_o a_o express_a act_n of_o the_o sederunt_fw-la of_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o anno_fw-la 1591._o likeas_n cod._n fab_n hoc_fw-la tit_n def_n 4._o say_v est_fw-la privilegium_fw-la criminis_fw-la laese_n majestatis_fw-la ut_fw-la facilius_fw-la probetur_fw-la and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v per_fw-la famoso_n &_o socios_fw-la criminis_fw-la and_o that_o it_o be_v decide_v in_o savoy_n 1591._o vid._n pappon_n lib._n 24._o tit_n 2._o but_o the_o english_a do_v most_o just_o conclude_v that_o because_o the_o punishment_n be_v severe_a in_o treason_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o manifest_a and_o direct_a proof_n and_o not_o by_o presumption_n or_o strain_n of_o wit_n cook_n pag._n 12._o and_o that_o two_o witness_n be_v necessary_a for_o prove_v treason_n he_o prove_v most_o learned_o pag._n 26._o by_o the_o civil_a law_n famosi_fw-it &_o mulieres_fw-la be_v admit_v to_o accuse_v in_o this_o crime_n though_o not_o in_o any_o other_o crime_n l._n 7_o and_o 8._o ff_n ad_fw-la l._n jul_a maj_o but_o this_o last_o privilege_n shall_v only_o hold_v in_o perduellion_n mascard_v de_fw-fr prob_fw-la lib._n 1._o conclu_fw-la 462._o and_o not_o in_o statutory_a treason_n and_o that_o this_o shall_v hold_v in_o no_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v math._n opinion_n pa._n 372._o because_o per_fw-la l._n ult_n cod_n de_fw-fr prob_fw-la in_o capitalibus_fw-la causis_fw-la idoniis_fw-la testibus_fw-la atque_fw-la appertissimis_fw-la documentis_fw-la opus_fw-la esse_fw-la dicitur_fw-la nec_fw-la excipitur_fw-la crimen_fw-la majestatis_fw-la neither_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o because_o person_n who_o be_v not_o admit_v in_o other_o crime_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v accuser_n in_o this_o that_o therefore_o these_o who_o be_v unfit_a to_o be_v witness_n in_o other_o crime_n shall_v be_v admit_v in_o this_o for_o there_o be_v little_a hazard_n in_o a_o unfit_a accuser_n but_o there_o be_v great_a hazard_n in_o unfit_a witness_n and_o this_o i_o think_v much_o more_o suitable_a to_o reason_n then_o the_o former_a statute_n for_o the_o great_a the_o hazard_n be_v the_o probation_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o the_o clear_a and_o though_o testes_fw-la inhabiles_fw-la may_v be_v receive_v or_o one_o witness_n may_v prove_v sufficient_o for_o subject_v the_o panel_n to_o the_o torture_n which_o be_v all_o that_o can_v be_v infer_v from_o that_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la which_o say_v only_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v receive_v witness_n but_o say_v not_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v receive_v in_o all_o case_n yet_o it_o be_v against_o all_o reason_n that_o any_o condemnatory_a verdict_n or_o sentence_n can_v be_v found_v upon_o such_o probation_n i_o find_v also_o by_o the_o law_n of_o savoy_n that_o socii_fw-la criminis_fw-la &_o famosi_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v witness_n not_o in_o treason_n general_o but_o in_o perduellion_n and_o that_o act_n be_v by_o their_o lawyer_n restrict_v so_o that_o the_o panel_n can_v be_v condemn_v to_o death_n or_o forfeiture_n upon_o such_o deposition_n but_o only_o to_o torture_v nor_o will_v he_o be_v torture_v upon_o such_o deposition_n except_o the_o deponent_a be_v upon_o oath_n and_o abide_v the_o torture_n also_o at_o his_o deposition_n cod._a fab_n lib._n 9_o tit_n 5._o all_o which_o seem_v most_o reasonable_a but_o yet_o it_o seem_v that_o no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v repute_n socius_fw-la criminis_fw-la but_o he_o who_o be_v convict_v or_o have_v confess_v the_o crime_n and_o dilate_v other_o for_o else_o a_o man_n be_v accuse_v for_o treason_n can_v allege_v that_o the_o witness_n lead_v against_o he_o be_v socii_fw-la criminis_fw-la for_o that_o be_v to_o confess_v himself_o to_o be_v guilty_a for_o no_o man_n can_v be_v socius_fw-la criminis_fw-la to_o the_o panel_n except_o the_o panel_n be_v guilty_a himself_o and_o be_v socius_fw-la to_o the_o witness_n therein_o nam_fw-la relata_fw-la se_fw-la mutuo_fw-la ponunt_fw-la and_o this_o be_v so_o find_v in_o assint_n process_n but_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o though_o socius_fw-la criminis_fw-la can_v not_o be_v receive_v for_o the_o panel_n yet_o he_o can_v be_v receive_v against_o he_o and_o that_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o doctor_n who_o exclude_v socius_fw-la criminis_fw-la from_o be_v a_o witness_n in_o treason_n but_o as_o to_o this_o i_o doubt_v very_o much_o for_o if_o a_o person_n confess_v his_o accession_n it_o seem_v unjust_a that_o he_o can_v condemn_v other_o be_v infamous_a himself_o and_o yet_o in_o open_a treason_n as_o rise_v in_o arm_n it_o seem_v necessary_a to_o receive_v such_o as_o be_v in_o arm_n for_o none_o else_o can_v come_v near_o a_o army_n of_o rebel_n and_o so_o the_o crime_n must_v be_v prove_v by_o these_o or_o by_o none_o xxii_o the_o five_o privilege_n be_v that_o treason_n be_v not_o extinguish_v by_o death_n in_o all_o case_n as_o other_o crime_n be_v but_o that_o treason_n commit_v against_o the_o kâ—ngs_n person_n or_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v inquire_v into_o after_o death_n and_o the_o committer_n heir_n may_v be_v forefault_n therefore_o ja._n 5._o p._n 6._o c._n 69._o which_o act_n bear_v to_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n these_o general_a word_n contain_v in_o it_o against_o the_o king_n person_n or_o common-weal_n must_v only_o be_v extend_v against_o such_o treason_n as_o be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n account_v perduellion_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o necessary_a to_o know_v the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o case_n and_o what_o be_v therein_o call_v perduellion_n see_v albeit_o all_o treason_n may_v by_o a_o natural_a interpretation_n be_v say_v to_o be_v commit_v against_o the_o king_n person_n or_o commonwealth_n yet_o the_o civil_a law_n declare_v only_o that_o species_n of_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n which_o they_o call_v perduellion_n to_o be_v punishable_a after_o death_n l._n ult_n ff_n ad_fw-la l._n jul_a maj._n plane_n non_fw-la quisquis_fw-la legis_fw-la juliae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la
reus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la conditione_n sed_fw-la qui_fw-la perduellionis_fw-la reus_fw-la est_fw-la hostili_fw-la animo_fw-la adversus_fw-la rem_fw-la publicam_fw-la vel_fw-la principem_fw-la animatus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o infallible_a mark_n of_o perduellion_n be_v hostilis_fw-la animus_n a_o design_n of_o raise_v arms._n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o not_o only_o statutory_a treason_n be_v extinguish_v by_o death_n but_o that_o even_o simple_a conceal_n and_o not_o reveal_v or_o a_o malicious_a design_n to_o poison_v the_o king_n and_o such_o other_o treason_n as_o show_v not_o a_o desire_n of_o rise_v in_o arm_n be_v likewise_o extinguish_v by_o death_n and_o yet_o the_o basil._n l._n 12._o h._n t._n say_v that_o all_o the_o head_n of_o treason_n be_v extinguish_v by_o death_n excepto_fw-la capite_fw-la proditionis_fw-la &_o insidiarum_fw-la contra_fw-la principem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d albeit_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o defunct_a traitor_n be_v ordinary_o take_v up_o and_o bring_v to_o the_o panel_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o nature_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o laird_n of_o restalrig_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o the_o defunct_n near_o of_o kin_n be_v call_v as_o defender_n for_o their_o interest_n both_o because_o their_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o their_o forefaultur_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v defend_v the_o defunct_a and_o object_n both_o against_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o libel_n and_o the_o hability_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o therefore_o the_o basilick_n add_v very_o well_o that_o haereditas_fw-la publicatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la crimen_fw-la ab_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la purgetur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o since_o the_o forefault_a after_o death_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o that_o the_o former_a act_n bear_v express_o that_o these_o pursuit_n may_v be_v intend_v conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n if_o these_o pursuit_n shall_v not_o prescrive_v with_o we_o in_o five_o year_n as_o they_o do_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v they_o shall_v since_o these_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o quem_fw-la sequitur_fw-la commodum_fw-la eum_fw-la dâ—bet_fw-la sequi_fw-la incommodum_fw-la the_o six_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o the_o king_n advocate_n be_v to_o be_v the_o last_o speaker_n to_o the_o assize_n in_o perduellion_n though_o in_o other_o case_n the_o pannel_n advocat_n be_v to_o be_v last_o speaker_n and_o the_o last_o speaker_n have_v much_o advantage_n for_o he_o may_v answer_v all_o be_v allege_v by_o the_o opponent_n art_n 11._o regulation_n 1670._o xxiii_o the_o last_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o albeit_o of_o old_a no_o person_n can_v be_v condemn_v in_o absence_n by_o the_o justice_n yet_o the_o parliament_n still_o can_v have_v proceed_v against_o traitor_n in_o absence_n and_o now_o by_o a_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v find_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o perduellion_n and_o of_o treasonable_a rise_n in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o the_o receive_n of_o probation_n and_o pronounce_v of_o sentence_n even_o in_o absence_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v first_o propound_v as_o a_o querie_n to_o the_o council_n they_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o session_n to_o who_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n give_v in_o the_o follow_a reason_n and_o query_n upon_o the_o 15._o august_n 1667._o whether_o or_o not_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o the_o justice_n albeit_o they_o be_v absent_a and_o contumacious_a so_o that_o the_o justice_n upon_o citation_n and_o sufficient_a probation_n and_o evidence_n may_v pronounce_v sentence_n and_o doom_n of_o forefaultur_n if_o the_o ditty_n be_v prove_v the_o reason_n of_o scruple_n be_v that_o process_n of_o forefaultur_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a and_o that_o in_o other_o ordinary_a crime_n the_o defender_n if_o they_o do_v not_o appear_v be_v declare_v fugitive_n and_o that_o the_o follow_a reason_n appear_v to_o be_v strong_a and_o relevant_a for_o the_o affirmative_a 1._o by_o the_o common_a law_n albeit_o a_o party_n absent_a can_v be_v condemn_v for_o a_o crime_n yet_o in_o treason_n which_o be_v crimen_fw-la exceptum_fw-la this_o be_v a_o speciality_n that_o absent_v may_v be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v 2._o by_o the_o first_o act_n of_o king_n james_n the_o 5_o his_o 6._o parliament_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n have_v good_a cause_n and_o action_n to_o pursue_v all_o summons_n of_o treason_n commit_v against_o his_o person_n and_o commonwealth_n conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o good_a equity_n and_o reason_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v no_o special_a law_n act_n or_o provision_n make_v thereupon_o and_o therefore_o see_v by_o the_o common_a law_n person_n guilty_a of_o laese_n majesty_n may_v be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v though_o they_o be_v absent_a it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n why_o the_o justice_n shall_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_n person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n though_o absent_a and_o that_o he_o be_v sufficient_o warrant_v by_o the_o say_a act_n so_o to_o do_v 3._o it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o law_n equity_n and_o reason_n that_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o better_a case_n and_o his_o majesty_n in_o a_o worse_o by_o the_o contumacy_n of_o a_o traitor_n the_o same_o be_v a_o addition_n if_o any_o can_v be_v add_v to_o so_o high_a a_o crime_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v impunity_n and_o his_o majesty_n prejudge_v of_o the_o casuality_n arise_v to_o he_o by_o his_o forefaultur_n 4._o the_o parliament_n be_v in_o use_n to_o proceed_v and_o pronounce_v doom_n of_o forefaultur_n though_o the_o party_n be_v absent_a and_o in_o so_o do_v they_o do_v not_o proceed_v in_o and_o by_o a_o legislative_a power_n but_o as_o the_o supreme_a judge_n and_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n what_o be_v just_a before_o they_o be_v just_a and_o warrantable_a before_o other_o judicatories_n in_o the_o like_a case_n 5._o by_o the_o abovementioned_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v statute_n that_o summon_v and_o process_n of_o treason_n may_v be_v intent_a and_o pursue_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o delinquent_n either_o his_o memory_n or_o estate_n delate_v the_o one_o and_o forefault_v the_o other_o whereupon_o sentence_n may_v follow_v to_o the_o effect_n foresay_a and_o therefore_o see_v sentence_n may_v follow_v when_o the_o delinquent_n can_v be_v present_a and_o be_v not_o in_o be_v it_o be_v against_o all_o reason_n that_o when_o they_o be_v wilful_o and_o contumacious_o absent_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v if_o they_o be_v guilty_a and_o it_o be_v unjust_a that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v call_v a_o parliament_n for_o punish_v and_o forefault_v of_o person_n be_v absent_a or_o that_o he_o shall_v wait_v till_o they_o die_v especial_o see_v in_o the_o interim_n the_o probation_n may_v perish_v by_o decease_n of_o the_o witness_n follow_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n their_o opinion_n edinburgh_n the_o 26._o of_o february_n 1667._o the_o lord_n of_o council_n and_o session_n have_v consider_v the_o query_n above-written_a present_v to_o they_o by_o the_o lord_n bellenden_n his_o majesty_n thesaurer_n depute_v it_o be_v their_o opinion_n that_o upon_o the_o justice_n citation_n and_o sufficient_a probation_n take_v before_o they_o the_o judge_n and_o assize_n may_v proceed_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_n thereintil_o and_o forefaulter_v against_o the_o person_n guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n though_o they_o be_v absent_a and_o contumacious_a sic_fw-la subscribitur_fw-la io._n gilmore_n i._n p._n d._n upon_o this_o the_o parliament_n ratify_v the_o process_n lead_v against_o these_o person_n and_o by_o the_o 11._o act_n parl._n 2._o ch._n 2._o ses._n 1._o it_o be_v statute_v that_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o and_o judge_v by_o the_o justice_n but_o the_o parliament_n retain_v still_o a_o power_n cumulative_a with_o the_o justice_n and_o when_o process_n of_o treason_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o they_o may_v proceed_v as_o former_o and_o think_v this_o last_o act_n a_o great_a innovation_n of_o all_o our_o law_n nor_o be_v it_o imaginable_a but_o that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v safe_a that_o that_o privilege_n will_v have_v be_v grant_v to_o his_o majesty_n former_o and_o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a per_fw-la l._n 1._o &_o l._n penult_n ff_n de_fw-fr requirendis_fw-la eris_fw-la nam_fw-la annotabantur_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o si_fw-la reus_fw-la post_fw-la anum_fw-la non_fw-la comparuerit_fw-la &_o satis_fw-la dederit_fw-la de_fw-la stando_fw-la non_fw-la recuperabit_fw-la
bona_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la de_fw-fr delicto_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la confesso_fw-la divi_z fratres_fw-la rescripserunt_fw-la l._n 1._o ne_fw-la quis_fw-la absens_fw-la puniatur_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la jure_fw-la utimur_fw-la ne_fw-la absens_fw-la damnetur_fw-la and_o that_o no_o probation_n can_v be_v receive_v against_o absent_v in_o treason_n be_v clear_a by_o matheus_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi and_o albeit_o per_fw-mi extrav_fw-mi constitutionem_fw-la hen._n 7._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o probation_n may_v be_v receive_v in_o absence_n yet_o this_o be_v repute_v no_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o be_v follow_v by_o no_o nation_n and_o by_o that_o extravagant_a constitution_n this_o privilege_n be_v allow_v to_o all_o species_n of_o treason_n which_o we_o find_v to_o be_v unjust_a and_o albeit_o treason_n may_v be_v in_o some_o case_n punish_v after_o death_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v from_o that_o infer_v that_o it_o may_v be_v punish_v in_o absence_n since_o after_o death_n the_o malice_n of_o unjust_a pursuer_n ordinary_o cease_v and_o the_o hazard_n of_o death_n be_v then_o over_o so_o that_o the_o event_n of_o the_o pursuit_n be_v not_o so_o terrible_a nor_o dangerous_a and_o in_o these_o process_n the_o near_a of_o kin_n be_v call_v who_o may_v propound_v against_o both_o relevancy_n and_o probation_n whatever_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o defunct_a whereas_o when_o a_o person_n be_v pursue_v in_o absence_n for_o treason_n no_o man_n can_v in_o our_o law_n be_v admit_v to_o propound_v any_o thing_n in_o his_o defence_n and_o albeit_o it_o seem_v unreasonable_a that_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o better_a condition_n by_o his_o contumacy_n then_o if_o he_o compear_v to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o this_o will_v prove_v too_o much_o for_o this_o absurdity_n may_v be_v as_o well_o press_v in_o absent_v for_o all_o other_o crime_n and_o against_o such_o as_o be_v absent_v in_o all_o the_o several_a inditement_n of_o treason_n and_o yet_o the_o justice_n be_v never_o allow_v even_o by_o the_o late_a act_n to_o proceed_v to_o sentence_n against_o any_o but_o such_o as_o be_v pursue_v for_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n but_o the_o true_a answer_n to_o this_o seem_a absurdity_n be_v that_o the_o law_n be_v not_o so_o inhuman_a as_o to_o punish_v equal_o presume_v and_o real_a guilt_n what_o may_v be_v a_o crime_n as_o what_o be_v find_v one_o and_o it_o have_v be_v oft_o find_v that_o man_n have_v be_v absent_a rather_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o a_o prevail_a faction_n or_o corrupt_a witness_n or_o by_o inadvertence_n or_o not_o be_v true_o cite_v or_o by_o be_v violent_o detain_v then_o out_o of_o a_o consciousness_n of_o guilt_n yet_o since_o so_o judicious_a a_o person_n propose_v this_o overture_n and_o since_o council_n session_n and_o parliament_n have_v fortify_v it_o by_o their_o authority_n i_o submit_v my_o judgement_n to_o their_o determination_n xxiv_o it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o his_o majesty_n to_o command_v or_o forbid_v by_o private_a warrant_n under_o all_o high_a pain_n or_o as_o you_o shall_v be_v answerable_a to_o we_o and_o the_o certification_n here_o be_v indefinite_a it_o may_v be_v doubt_v what_o the_o punishment_n may_v be_v in_o case_n of_o contravention_n and_o 1._o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o contraveener_n can_v be_v punish_v as_o guilty_a of_o treason_n for_o only_a law_n can_v make_v traitor_n in_o this_o kingdom_n 2._o it_o seem_v that_o this_o be_v a_o contempt_n of_o the_o chief_a and_o supreme_a magistrate_n it_o may_v be_v punish_v arbitrary_o if_o the_o command_n be_v lawful_a and_o in_o case_n of_o importance_n since_o even_o inferior_a judge_n may_v punish_v such_o as_o contemn_v or_o disobey_v they_o in_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o jurisdiction_n likeas_n lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o in_o obediens_fw-la praecepto_fw-la superioris_fw-la sub_fw-la paena_fw-la indignationis_fw-la est_fw-la arbitrarie_a puniendus_fw-la cabal_n casu_fw-la 30._o bald._n in_o l._n legis_fw-la virtus_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr legib_n menoch_n case_z 365._o but_o in_o that_o case_n they_o determine_v that_o the_o arbitrary_a punishment_n can_v extend_v to_o death_n and_o though_o some_o doctor_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o commission_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v in_o this_o case_n more_o severe_o than_o omission_n yet_o i_o conceive_v some_o omission_n may_v infer_v great_a contempt_n and_o be_v more_o dangerous_a than_o commission_n nor_o allow_v i_o the_o distinction_n use_v by_o lucas_n de_fw-fr penna_fw-la ad_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n ut_fw-la dignit_fw-la ord_n servet_fw-la who_o say_v that_o if_o the_o contempt_n be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n as_o if_o one_o be_v command_v to_o take_v care_n of_o a_o castle_n or_o to_o stop_v the_o passage_n of_o a_o enemy_n that_o then_o the_o contempt_n be_v to_o be_v severe_o punish_v by_o death_n but_o if_o the_o contempt_n be_v of_o thing_n indifferent_a or_o mean_v than_o the_o contempt_n be_v only_o punishable_a arbitrary_o and_o yet_o he_o be_v too_o severe_a in_o make_v it_o to_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n except_o the_o person_n command_v be_v a_o soldier_n or_o one_o who_o be_v oblige_v by_o acceptation_n of_o his_o office_n to_o obey_v under_o that_o peril_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v rather_o distinguish_v betwixt_o such_o command_n as_o use_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n if_o contemn_v such_o as_o military_a command_n and_o in_o these_o the_o contempt_n may_v be_v punish_v by_o death_n for_o custom_n come_v in_o place_n of_o law_n &_o sibi_fw-la imputet_fw-la who_o have_v undertake_v such_o a_o employment_n as_o require_v such_o obedience_n but_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v command_v any_o country_n gentleman_n or_o lawyer_n to_o fortify_v or_o keep_v a_o castle_n under_o all_o high_a pain_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o their_o omission_n can_v not_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n and_o be_v only_o punishable_a by_o lose_v of_o the_o prince_n favour_n &_o quod_fw-la princeps_fw-la non_fw-la exhibebit_fw-la se_fw-la gratiosum_fw-la which_o bartol_n make_v the_o punishment_n of_o that_o disobedience_n in_o all_o case_n ad_fw-la extrav_fw-mi qui_fw-la sunt_fw-la rebel_n xxv_o the_o punishment_n of_o laese_n majesty_n be_v death_n l._n 5._o c._n h._n t._n animae_fw-la omissio_fw-la as_o justinian_n call_v it_o in_o his_o institution_n together_o with_o the_o confiscation_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n that_o lie_v within_o the_o territory_n of_o he_o against_o who_o the_o treason_n be_v commit_v but_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o his_o estate_n lie_v elsewhere_o c._n 2._o the_o constil_n in_o 6._o so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n commit_v treason_n against_o the_o king_n of_o britain_n his_o estate_n in_o france_n do_v not_o forfeit_a with_o we_o the_o punishment_n of_o treason_n be_v death_n and_o confiscation_n likewise_o of_o all_o the_o traitor_n estate_n whether_o heritable_a or_o movable_a feudal_n or_o allodial_a and_o the_o solemnity_n use_v in_o parliament_n at_o the_o pronounce_v of_o such_o sentence_n be_v that_o the_o panel_n receive_v his_o sentence_n kneel_v and_o that_o after_o the_o doom_n of_o the_o forefaulter_n be_v pronounce_v against_o he_o the_o lion_n and_o his_o brethren_n herald_n come_v in_o in_o their_o formality_n and_o tear_v his_o coat_n of_o arm_n at_o the_o throne_n and_o thereafter_o hang_v up_o his_o escurchion_n reverse_v upon_o the_o cross_n which_o have_v its_o rise_n from_o the_o old_a roman_a custom_n for_o as_o tacit_fw-la observe_v lib._n 5._o deterrere_fw-la omnes_fw-la à _fw-la simili_fw-la culpa_fw-la volebant_fw-la non_fw-la poenae_fw-la modo_fw-la sed_fw-la ignominiae_fw-la mâ—tu_fw-la ut_fw-la nomen_fw-la è_fw-la fastis_fw-la deleretur_fw-la &_o effigy_n tolleretur_fw-la which_o be_v likewise_o clear_a l._n 24._o ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o flanders_n be_v clear_a by_o perez_n h._n t._n moribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la insignia_fw-la gentilia_fw-la delentur_fw-la &_o destruuntur_fw-la but_o this_o i_o think_v shall_v only_o hold_v in_o the_o crime_n of_o perduellion_n but_o not_o in_o other_o treason_n perez_n ibid._n num_fw-la 19_o another_o speciality_n introduce_v in_o the_o punishment_n of_o perduellion_n by_o the_o common_a law_n be_v that_o memoria_fw-la damnabatur_fw-la and_o that_o his_o child_n be_v declare_v uncapable_a to_o bruik_v any_o estate_n or_o office_n which_o the_o emperor_n arcadius_n and_o honorius_n l._n 5._o c._n ad_fw-la l._n jul._n maj._n call_v a_o mitigation_n of_o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o child_n who_o as_o they_o say_v shall_v have_v die_v for_o their_o father_n crime_n but_o this_o be_v so_o unjust_a that_o no_o nation_n do_v now_o use_v it_o as_o matheus_n observe_v p._n 352._o and_o it_o be_v express_o against_o l._n crimen_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la and_o the_o scripture_n deut._n chap._n 24._o vers._n 16._o and_o the_o opinion_n of_o plato_n lib._n 9_o de_fw-la legibus_fw-la and_o therefore_o amazias_n 2_o king_n 14.5_o 6._o will_v not_o kill_v such_o
the_o king_n will_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o command_n of_o the_o magistrate_n do_v in_o thing_n belong_v to_o his_o office_n excuse_v the_o liedge_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v assert_v that_o the_o liedge_n rise_v in_o obedience_n to_o command_n of_o the_o sheriff_n or_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v not_o punishable_a except_o it_o be_v clear_o palpable_a to_o they_o that_o their_o insurrection_n be_v in_o contempt_n of_o his_o majesty_n authority_n which_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la contra_fw-la evidentissimam_fw-la jussionem_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o see_v the_o liedge_n be_v oblige_v to_o obey_v their_o magistrate_n and_o to_o rise_v when_o he_o call_v they_o as_o be_v evident_a by_o many_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o without_o this_o allowance_n his_o majesty_n can_v not_o be_v serve_v it_o be_v hard_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o that_o obedience_n which_o will_v be_v punishable_a if_o they_o refuse_v it_o iii_o the_o convocate_a the_o liedge_n in_o band_n of_o man_n of_o war_n for_o daily_o or_o monthly_a wage_n without_o special_a licence_n be_v declare_v likewise_o to_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n by_o the_o 75._o act_n 9_o parl._n q._n m._n which_o act_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 12._o act_n 10._o parl._n k._n ja._n 6._o and_o the_o make_n of_o all_o league_n and_o band_n among_o the_o liedge_n without_o his_o majesty_n consent_n be_v discharge_v and_o the_o contraveener_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v punishable_a as_o mover_n of_o sedition_n and_o unquietness_n to_o the_o trouble_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o realm_n therefore_o to_o be_v punish_v with_o all_o rigour_n to_o the_o example_n of_o other_o both_o which_o act_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 4._o act_n 1._o ses._n charl._n 2._o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v contend_v that_o such_o sedition_n as_o these_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n since_o the_o make_n of_o bond_n and_o league_n among_o the_o liedge_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o foresay_a 4._o act_n to_o be_v one_o of_o his_o majesty_n royal_a prerogative_n and_o sure_o it_o be_v treason_n for_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n liedge_n to_o usurp_v his_o royal_a prerogative_n but_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o to_o convocat_n the_o liedge_n simple_o without_o bond_n or_o league_n can_v no_o way_n be_v account_v treason_n much_o less_o the_o be_v present_a as_o such_o convocation_n though_o in_o arm_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o baxter_n who_o be_v pursue_v as_o guilty_a of_o the_o convocation_n raise_v against_o the_o customer_n in_o anno_fw-la 1665._o that_o naked_a assistance_n at_o such_o meeting_n per_fw-mi se_fw-mi be_v not_o relevant_a to_o infer_v death_n but_o only_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o 5._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 1._o whereby_o all_o man_n be_v forbid_v to_o travel_v with_o more_o not_o they_o can_v sustain_v and_o if_o they_o do_v they_o may_v be_v put_v under_o sick_a burrows_n till_o the_o king_n declare_v his_o will_n and_o by_o the_o 85._o act_n 6._o parl._n i._n 1._o elect_v of_o deacon_n be_v discharge_v as_o sedition_n convocation_n be_v allow_v in_o some_o case_n as_o for_o pursue_v of_o thief_n and_o sorner_n as_o ja._n 6._o parl._n 14._o cap._n 247._o this_o crime_n of_o simple_a convocation_n be_v ordinary_o pursue_v before_o the_o council_n and_o be_v seldom_o punish_v either_o by_o the_o council_n or_o justice_n court_n tanquum_fw-la crimen_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la but_o as_o the_o agradge_v quality_n of_o a_o riot_n or_o other_o crime_n title_n viii_o poison_n 1._o the_o punishment_n of_o poison_n by_o our_o law_n 2._o how_o far_o the_o give_v good_a drug_n irregular_o be_v punishable_a 3._o whether_o the_o poison_a jew_n or_o excommunicate_a person_n be_v punishable_a 4._o whether_o the_o poison_a beast_n or_o field_n be_v punishable_a by_o this_o statute_n 5._o whether_o endeavour_n to_o poison_n be_v punishable_a 6._o the_o aggravation_n of_o this_o crime_n 1._o poison_n be_v by_o our_o law_n declare_v to_o be_v punishable_a as_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n but_o it_o be_v not_o declare_v treason_n act_n 31.7_o parl._n ja._n 2._o by_o which_o all_o person_n be_v discharge_v to_o bring_v home_o poison_n for_o any_o use_n by_o which_o any_o christian_a man_n or_o woman_n may_v take_v bodily_a harm_n and_o that_o under_o the_o pain_n of_o treason_n and_o that_o be_v convict_v they_o shall_v forefault_v to_o the_o king_n life_n land_n and_o good_n but_o notwithstanding_o of_o these_o word_n for_o any_o manner_n or_o use_n apothecary_n and_o other_o do_v daily_o bring_v home_o poison_n but_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o they_o bring_v the_o same_o home_n not_o as_o poison_n but_o as_o drug_n and_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o liedge_n be_v in_o no_o hazard_n of_o that_o poison_n which_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o skilful_a man_n this_o be_v likewise_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n gothofr_v prax_fw-la criminal_a §_o venenum_fw-la but_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o buy_n or_o give_v of_o poison_n be_v declare_v treason_n by_o the_o law_n yet_o i_o find_v no_o instance_n in_o the_o journal_n book_n where_o any_o have_v be_v convict_v as_o traitor_n upon_o this_o account_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a john_n dick_n for_o poison_v his_o brother_n and_o sister_n be_v only_o ordain_v to_o be_v execute_v but_o be_v not_o forefault_n ult_n march_n 1649._o if_o any_o stranger_n bring_v home_o poison_n any_o manner_n of_o way_n it_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o 32._o act_n of_o that_o parliament_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v punish_v the_o same_o manner_n of_o way_n and_o that_o no_o remission_n or_o safe_a conduct_n shall_v be_v profitable_a to_o they_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o severity_n proceed_v from_o the_o abominableness_n of_o that_o crime_n plus_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la hominem_fw-la veneno_fw-la necare_fw-la quam_fw-la gladio_fw-la dicit_fw-la gloss_n in_fw-ge §_o ead_n lâ—ge_a just_a de_fw-fr publicis_fw-la judicibus_fw-la per_fw-la textum_fw-la l._n 1._o de_fw-fr mal_fw-fr &_o math._n for_o he_o to_o who_o poison_n be_v give_v can_v defend_v himself_o and_o poison_n be_v a_o way_n of_o death_n so_o much_o hate_v that_o though_o the_o law_n have_v allow_v execution_n by_o the_o sword_n yet_o it_o have_v never_o allow_v any_o execution_n by_o poison_n those_o who_o give_v poison_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n call_v venenarii_fw-la and_o they_o be_v only_o punish_v capital_o per_fw-la l._n corneliam_n de_fw-fr sicariis_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o 1._o adl_v cornel._n de_fw-fr sic_fw-la and_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o presumption_n clarus_n quest._n 4._o vers_fw-la fin_fw-fr but_o the_o body_n must_v in_o this_o case_n be_v sight_v by_o physician_n and_o the_o poisonous_a quality_n must_v be_v prove_v the_o buy_n of_o poison_n though_o with_o a_o design_n to_o kill_v thereby_o if_o murder_n do_v not_o actual_o ensue_v be_v not_o think_v capital_a by_o the_o doctor_n but_o only_o punishable_a paena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la gothofred_n prax_fw-la criminal_a §_o venenum_fw-la num_fw-la 21._o yet_o with_o we_o the_o very_a buy_n be_v by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n capital_a ii_o whether_o to_o give_v drug_n that_o be_v not_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n poisonable_a too_o frequent_o and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o disease_n be_v punishable_a by_o this_o law_n or_o as_o murder_v or_o be_v punishable_a at_o all_o be_v debate_v in_o kennedy_n case_n the_o 8._o of_o february_n 1676._o and_o that_o it_o be_v punishable_a be_v contend_v because_o venenum_fw-la or_o pharmacon_n be_v in_o law_n nomen_fw-la generis_fw-la and_o express_v good_a drug_n as_o well_o as_o ill_o l._n venenum_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr verb._n sig_n and_o the_o best_a of_o drug_n give_v in_o great_a excess_n be_v poison_n for_o poison_n consist_v in_o excess_n of_o quantity_n as_o well_o as_o quality_n and_o whatever_o overpower_n our_o nature_n be_v poisonable_a to_o we_o and_o since_o the_o one_o may_v kill_v as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o and_o that_o kill_v be_v that_o which_o be_v punish_v the_o law_n shall_v punish_v the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o and_o whatever_o may_v be_v say_v where_o the_o design_n be_v not_o know_v yet_o here_o the_o design_n of_o kill_v be_v communicate_v to_o kennedie_n and_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o he_o refuse_v to_o give_v mere_a poison_n leave_v the_o external_a mark_n after_o death_n shall_v discover_v that_o poison_n be_v give_v but_o that_o it_o be_v safe_a to_o give_v constant_a purgation_n to_o be_v throw_v in_o by_o his_o servant_n in_o his_o drink_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o that_o without_o his_o knowledge_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o disease_n he_o have_v a_o flux_n all_o which_o circumstance_n show_v a_o design_n to_o kill_v
punishable_a 9_o malefice_n where_o there_o be_v no_o conection_n betwixt_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o effect_n 10._o the_o use_v magic_a art_n for_o good_a end_n how_o punishable_a 11._o consult_v with_o witch_n how_o punish_v 12._o what_o the_o be_v defame_v by_o the_o witch_n import_v 13._o a_o witch_n confession_n not_o punishable_a except_o the_o thing_n confess_v be_v possible_a &_o de_fw-fr succubis_fw-la &_o incubis_fw-la 14._o whether_o the_o transportation_n confess_v be_v real_a and_o though_o real_a whether_o punishable_a 15._o whether_o a_o witch_n can_v cause_v any_o person_n be_v possess_v 16._o whether_o penetration_n be_v possible_a 17._o whether_o transformation_n be_v possible_a 18._o whether_o he_o can_v make_v bruit_n to_o speak_v or_o raise_v storm_n 19_o whether_o witch_n may_v transfer_v disease_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o seek_v their_o help_n for_o this_o 20._o whether_o witch_n may_v kill_v by_o their_o look_n 21._o whether_o they_o can_v procure_v love_n by_o their_o potion_n 22._o how_o they_o torment_v man_n by_o their_o image_n 23._o whether_o confession_n before_o kirk_n session_n be_v relevant_a 24._o who_o can_v be_v witness_n in_o this_o crime_n 25._o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o crime_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o we_o 26._o the_o punishment_n of_o it_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o there_o be_v witch_n divine_n can_v doubt_v since_o the_o word_n of_o god_n have_v ordain_v that_o no_o witch_n shall_v live_v nor_o lawyer_n in_o scotland_n see_v our_o law_n ordain_v it_o to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o though_o many_o lawyer_n in_o holland_n and_o elsewhere_o do_v think_v that_o albeit_o there_o be_v witch_n under_o the_o law_n yet_o there_o be_v none_o under_o the_o gospel_n the_o devil_n power_n have_v cease_v as_o to_o these_o as_o well_o as_o in_o his_o give_a response_n by_o oracle_n i._o wierus_n that_o great_a patron_n of_o witchcraft_n endeavour_n to_o maintain_v his_o opinion_n by_o these_o argument_n 1._o that_o such_o as_o be_v accuse_v of_o witchcraft_n be_v ordinary_o silly_a old_a woman_n who_o age_n and_o sex_n dispose_v they_o to_o melancholy_a and_o who_o melancholy_a dispose_v they_o to_o a_o madness_n which_o shall_v render_v their_o confession_n very_o suspect_v and_o in_o this_o crime_n there_o be_v seldom_o other_o prove_v whereas_o the_o thing_n confess_v be_v so_o horrid_a that_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v any_o reasonable_a creature_n will_v commit_v they_o 2._o god_n can_v only_o work_v the_o miracle_n ascribe_v to_o witch_n he_o who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n be_v only_o able_a to_o alter_v or_o divert_v its_o course_n and_o the_o devil_n do_v but_o delude_v the_o fancy_n of_o poor_a creature_n as_o fever_n and_o melancholy_a misrepresent_v object_n nor_o be_v such_o as_o be_v cheat_v in_o the_o one_o more_o guilty_a than_o they_o who_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o other_o and_o it_o be_v severe_a to_o burn_v man_n and_o woman_n for_o do_v that_o which_o be_v conclude_v impossible_a to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o 3._o it_o be_v unjust_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o do_v ill_o by_o charm_n except_o it_o can_v be_v first_o prove_v that_o these_o charm_n produce_v the_o effect_n that_o be_v punishable_a and_o lawyer_n shall_v argue_v thus_o those_o who_o kill_v or_o hurt_v man_n or_o beast_n by_o unlawful_a mean_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o witch_n and_o charmer_n kill_v man_n and_o beast_n by_o unlawful_a mean_n and_o therefore_o charmer_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n off_o which_o syllogism_n wierus_n deny_v the_o minor_a for_o it_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v that_o verse_n cross_n or_o lay_v flesh_n in_o the_o threshold_n etc._n etc._n can_v destroy_v man_n or_o beast_n these_o be_v cause_n very_o disproportionable_a to_o such_o effect_n there_o be_v no_o contract_n betwixt_o the_o agent_n and_o patient_n in_o these_o case_n 4._o these_o who_o execute_v the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v not_o punishable_a for_o that_o be_v their_o duty_n and_o so_o can_v be_v their_o crime_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o whatever_o the_o devil_n or_o witch_n do_v be_v decree_v by_o god_n either_o for_o trial_n or_o punishment_n express_o and_o without_o his_o permission_n nothing_o can_v be_v do_v and_o if_o the_o devil_n be_v not_o act_v here_o by_o obedience_n or_o be_v at_o liberty_n he_o will_v not_o leave_v any_o one_o man_n undestroy_v or_o any_o of_o god_n work_v undefaced_a but_o that_o there_o be_v witch_n and_o that_o they_o be_v punishable_a capital_o not_o only_a when_o they_o poison_v or_o murder_n but_o even_o for_o enchant_v and_o delude_v the_o world_n be_v clear_a by_o a_o express_a text_n exod._n 22._o vers._n 18._o thou_o shall_v not_o suffer_v a_o witch_n to_o live_v and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o same_o word_n which_o express_v a_o witch_n here_o be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v in_o exod._n 7._o to_o express_v those_o magician_n who_o delude_v only_o the_o people_n by_o transform_v a_o rod_n into_o a_o serpent_n as_o moses_n have_v do_v though_o no_o person_n be_v prejudge_v by_o their_o cheat_n and_o illusion_n likeas_n leu._n 29._o and_o 27._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o a_o man_n or_o a_o woman_n that_o have_v a_o familiar_a spirit_n or_o that_o be_v a_o wizard_n shall_v sure_o be_v put_v to_o death_n they_o shall_v stone_n they_o with_o stone_n their_o blood_n shall_v be_v upon_o they_o which_o law_n be_v in_o such_o observation_n among_o the_o jew_n that_o the_o witch_n of_o endor_n 1_o sam._n 28._o be_v afraid_a to_o use_v her_o sorcery_n before_o the_o king_n because_o the_o king_n have_v cut_v off_o those_o who_o have_v familiar_a spirit_n and_o wizard_n out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o great_a indignation_n do_v the_o eternal_a god_n bear_v to_o this_o sin_n that_o he_o do_v destroy_v the_o ten_o tribe_n of_o israel_n because_o they_o be_v addict_v to_o it_o not_o be_v the_o jew_n only_a enemy_n to_o this_o vice_n but_o even_o the_o henthen_n follow_v the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n punish_v witch_n as_o enemy_n to_o the_o author_n of_o it_o for_o the_o persian_n dash_v their_o head_n against_o stone_n as_o mince_v observe_v ad_fw-la §_o item_n lex_fw-la cornelia_n inst_n de_fw-fr pub_fw-la jud_v and_o tacitus_n lib._n 2._o annal._n tell_v we_o that_o publius_n marcius_n and_o pituanus_fw-la be_v execute_v for_o this_o crime_n for_o which_o likewise_o valerius_n maximus_n lib._n 6._o eap_n 3._o tell_v we_o that_o publicia_n and_o lucinia_n be_v with_o threescore_o and_o ten_o other_o roman_n hang_v but_o since_o it_o be_v express_o condemn_v in_o scripture_n and_o by_o many_o general_a council_n such_o as_o aurelian_a toledan_a and_o anaciritan_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o we_o to_o debate_v what_o the_o law_n have_v express_o condemn_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o we_o shall_v deny_v witch_n we_o must_v deny_v the_o truth_n of_o all_o history_n ecclesiastic_a and_o secular_a and_o plutarch_n lib._n 5._o sumps_n cap._n 7._o observe_n quodammodo_fw-la philosophiam_fw-la tollunt_fw-la qui_fw-la rebus_fw-la mirabilibus_fw-la fidem_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la opportet_fw-la autem_fw-la qua_fw-la ratione_fw-la aliquid_fw-la fiat_fw-la ratione_fw-la tractare_fw-la quod_fw-la vero_fw-la id_fw-la fiat_fw-la ex_fw-la ratione_fw-la est_fw-la sumendum_fw-la it_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o devil_n have_v the_o power_n and_o will_v to_o prejudge_v man_n can_v but_o be_v ready_a to_o execute_v all_o that_o be_v in_o witchcraft_n and_o it_o be_v as_o credible_a that_o god_n will_v suffer_v man_n to_o be_v convince_v by_o this_o mean_n that_o there_o be_v spirit_n and_o that_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o will_v give_v continue_v proof_n of_o his_o power_n in_o repress_v the_o devil_n and_o of_o the_o necessity_n that_o silly_a man_n have_v of_o depend_v upon_o his_o infinite_a power_n to_o the_o former_a argument_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o as_o to_o the_o first_o all_o sin_n and_o vice_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o delusion_n nor_o be_v witch_n more_o delude_v by_o melancholy_a than_o murderer_n be_v by_o rage_n or_o revenge_n and_o though_o it_o have_v never_o be_v see_v that_o person_n natural_o mad_a have_v be_v either_o guilty_a of_o or_o punish_v for_o this_o crime_n the_o devil_n design_v in_o this_o crime_n to_o gain_v only_o such_o as_o can_v damn_v themselves_o by_o give_v a_o free_a consent_n yet_o if_o madness_n can_v be_v prove_v or_o do_v appear_v it_o will_v certain_o defend_v both_o against_o the_o guilt_n and_o punishment_n and_o therefore_o such_o a_o series_n of_o clear_a circumstance_n shall_v concur_v before_o a_o person_n be_v find_v guilty_a of_o this_o crime_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o secure_v the_o panel_n and_o satisfy_v the_o judge_n full_o in_o the_o quaerie_n but_o since_o daily_a experience_n convince_v the_o world_n that_o there_o
prove_v design_n which_o be_v a_o secret_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n all_o kill_v be_v always_o punishable_a by_o death_n except_o some_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o chance_n self-defence_n etc._n etc._n be_v allege_v upon_o by_o the_o panel_n it_o may_v be_v here_o ask_v if_o by_o our_o law_n he_o who_o strike_v with_o his_o fist_n or_o a_o batton_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o no_o mortal_a weapon_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n though_o the_o party_n strike_v there_o by_o he_o die_v and_o it_o will_v seem_v hard_a that_o he_o shall_v see_v no_o design_n to_o kill_v can_v be_v here_o presume_v &_o maleficia_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o affectus_fw-la distinguunt_fw-la and_o by_o the_o 5._o cap._n wil._n reg._n num_fw-la 4._o it_o be_v say_v that_o si_fw-la quis_fw-la interficiat_fw-la cum_fw-la pugno_fw-la dabit_fw-la regi_fw-la 25._o vaccas_fw-la &_o satisfaciet_fw-la parentelae_fw-la defuncti_fw-la secundum_fw-la assisam_fw-la regni_fw-la by_o which_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o 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a_o gentleman_n who_o invite_v his_o neighbour_n to_o a_o feast_n and_o kill_v he_o and_o all_o his_o relation_n in_o his_o own_o house_n so_o that_o invitation_n be_v one_o branch_n of_o this_o trust_n 2._o assurance_n signify_v that_o when_o two_o person_n be_v at_o fead_z and_o the_o one_o have_v find_v borrow_v to_o one_o another_o act_n 97._o ja._n 1._o p._n 6.3_o where_o person_n at_o variance_n be_v under_o capitulation_n 4_o this_o act_n have_v be_v stretch_v to_o the_o conjugal_a trust_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n anno_fw-la 1627._o andrew_n row_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o process_n intent_a against_o swintoun_n for_o kill_v his_o wife_n anno_fw-la 1666._o it_o be_v object_v that_o this_o act_n extend_v not_o to_o such_o trust_v as_o this_o the_o pusurer_n restrict_v his_o libel_n to_o murder_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n anno._n 1665._o find_v that_o a_o son_n kill_v his_o own_o mother_n be_v not_o a_o murder_n under_o trust_n punishable_a by_o this_o act_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o both_o kill_n of_o wife_n and_o child_n fall_v under_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o act_n where_o the_o party_n be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o slayer_n this_o species_n of_o murder_n be_v by_o the_o civilian_n call_v proditio_fw-la which_o be_v design_v to_o be_v homicidium_fw-la sub_fw-la praetextu_fw-la amicitiae_fw-la v_o g._n dum_fw-la sederem_fw-la tecum_fw-la in_o mensa_fw-la vel_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la fingerem_fw-la which_o be_v punishable_a by_o a_o more_o severe_a death_n then_o ordinar_n murder_n and_o in_o spain_n the_o betrayer_n or_o proditor_n for_o even_o in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n murder_n under_o trust_n be_v treachery_n or_o treason_n trahitur_fw-la ad_fw-la caudam_fw-la equi_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la furca_fw-la suspenditur_fw-la gomez_n by_o that_o act_n likewise_o trial_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o a_o assize_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o though_o mr._n james_n oliphant_n have_v be_v guilty_a of_o kill_v his_o mother_n and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v treason_n yet_o his_o forefaulter_n can_v not_o fall_v to_o the_o king_n upon_o a_o simple_a denunciation_n for_o not_o appear_v to_o underly_a the_o law_n because_o a_o trial_n be_v requisite_a in_o this_o case_n and_o by_o the_o 137._o act_n 13_o par._n ja._n 6._o the_o kill_v any_o person_n in_o the_o parliament-house_n during_o the_o sit_v thereof_o or_o the_o inner_a tolbuith_n id_fw-la est_fw-la the_o inner_a house_n of_o the_o session_n during_o the_o sit_v thereof_o or_o the_o council-house_n whilst_o the_o lord_n sit_v or_o kill_v any_o in_o the_o king_n chamber_n cabinet_n or_o chamber_n of_o peace_n or_o in_o the_o king_n presence_n any_o where_o infer_v the_o pain_n of_o treason_n xvii_o what_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v art_n and_o part_n of_o murder_n can_v hardly_o be_v define_v for_o it_o do_v depend_v upon_o the_o assize_n a_o design_n to_o murder_n though_o no_o murder_n follow_v affectus_fw-la sine_fw-la effectu_fw-la punitur_fw-la capitaliter_fw-la l._n 1._o be_v qui_fw-la cum_fw-la telo_fw-la c._n ad_fw-la corn._n de_fw-fr sicar_n yet_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n the_o punishment_n now_o reach_v not_o life_n clar._n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi num_fw-la 74._o and_o i_o find_v that_o matthew_n stewart_n be_v pursue_v for_o contrive_v the_o death_n of_o thomas_n kennedie_n come_v in_o the_o king_n will_v and_o be_v only_o banish_v mart_n 1597._o as_o also_o i_o find_v that_o though_o lawson_n be_v cleanse_v of_o the_o murder_n of_o she_o own_o child_n yet_o she_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o justice_n because_o of_o the_o violent_a presumption_n adduce_v against_o she_o and_o that_o she_o herself_o have_v confess_v she_o bear_v a_o dead_a child_n the_o justice_n therefore_o do_v ordain_v she_o to_o be_v whip_v and_o banish_v 20_o august_n 1662._o and_o margaret_n ramsay_n have_v confess_v that_o she_o bear_v a_o dead_a child_n and_o be_v advise_v to_o cast_v it_o into_o the_o north-loch_n which_o she_o do_v not_o though_o without_o her_o knowledge_n it_o be_v do_v by_o other_o the_o justices_z though_o she_o be_v assoylzy_v by_o the_o inquest_n ordain_v she_o to_o be_v scourge_v and_o banish_v 1661._o xviii_o though_o such_o as_o kill_v in_o prosecution_n of_o law_n be_v not_o punishable_a as_o murderer_n yet_o if_o they_o exceed_v they_o be_v punishable_a not_o only_a quo_fw-la ad_fw-la excessum_fw-la arbitrary_o but_o even_o paena_fw-la ordinaria_fw-la as_o murderer_n a_o instance_n whereof_o be_v decide_v the_o 14._o of_o june_n 1672._o in_o the_o person_n of_o mr._n archibald_n beath_n who_o be_v pannel_v for_o kill_a allan_n gairdiner_n allege_v that_o the_o council_n have_v by_o their_o act_n and_o proclamation_n ordain_v all_o meal_n bring_v from_o ireland_n to_o be_v seize_v upon_o and_o the_o boat_n wherein_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o be_v sink_v in_o prosecution_n whereof_o gardiner_n meal_n be_v seize_v he_o break_v the_o seizure_n and_o be_v follow_v in_o a_o boat_n by_o the_o say_a mr._n archibald_n and_o other_o he_o be_v command_v to_o stay_v his_o boat_n but_o be_v so_o fare_v from_o obey_v though_o command_v in_o his_o majesty_n be_v name_n that_o he_o have_v run_v almost_o down_o the_o panel_n little_a boat_n who_o be_v thereupon_o force_v to_o shoot_v at_o they_o and_o though_o this_o act_n ex_fw-la post_fw-la facto_fw-la degenerate_a into_o a_o act_n of_o kill_v yet_o no_o kill_n be_v at_o first_o intend_v and_o the_o rise_v of_o all_o such_o action_n be_v to_o be_v first_o consider_v to_o which_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o this_o act_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v civiliter_fw-la and_o do_v only_o empower_v the_o liege_n to_o seize_v but_o not_o to_o kill_v and_o all_o mandate_n be_v to_o be_v so_o interpret_v as_o not_o to_o be_v extend_v ad_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la mandans_fw-la in_o specie_fw-la non_fw-la mandasset_fw-la or_o quae_fw-la solitus_fw-la est_fw-la mandare_fw-la si_fw-la aliquando_fw-la mandat_fw-la non_fw-la mandat_fw-la nisi_fw-la certa_fw-la forma_fw-la servata_fw-la but_o it_o can_v be_v subsume_v that_o the_o council_n will_v have_v allow_v the_o importer_n of_o such_o victual_n to_o be_v kill_v nor_o do_v they_o use_v to_o intrust_v the_o execution_n of_o such_o law_n to_o minister_n and_o if_o they_o have_v design_v that_o the_o execution_n of_o this_o prohibition_n shall_v reach_v death_n they_o will_v have_v express_o allow_v the_o seizer_n to_o kill_v as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v in_o such_o case_n to_o which_o it_o be_v duply_v that_o though_o the_o minister_n be_v not_o obliedge_v to_o concur_v because_o of_o his_o function_n yet_o concur_v as_o a_o subject_a he_o be_v not_o punishable_a therefore_o capital_o and_o if_o a_o minister_n shall_v concur_v when_o the_o hue_n and_o cry_n be_v raise_v after_o a_o night_n thief_n or_o if_o a_o minister_n do_v assist_v such_o as_o pursue_v rebel_n and_o shall_v kill_v in_o the_o pursuit_n it_o be_v absurd_a to_o conclude_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v
the_o judge_n make_v election_n of_o one_o of_o the_o pain_n can_v thereafter_o make_v use_n of_o the_o other_o l._n ff_o senatus_fw-la de_fw-la acusationibus_fw-la vid._n cabal_n resol_fw-it criminal_a cap._n 3._o where_o this_o general_a question_n be_v full_o handle_v and_o to_o the_o consideration_n there_o adduce_v by_o he_o i_o will_v add_v this_o that_o where_o there_o be_v several_a punishment_n appint_v by_o law_n whereof_o the_o one_o derogat_n not_o from_o the_o other_o that_o the_o judge_n shall_v follow_v that_o of_o the_o two_o which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n and_o therefore_o see_v confiscation_n of_o moveable_n and_o imprisonment_n be_v always_o use_v in_o this_o case_n that_o punishment_n shall_v be_v certain_o follow_v by_o the_o juge_n for_o since_o custom_n may_v antiquat_v law_n and_o be_v a_o warrant_n for_o a_o judge_n to_o proceed_v criminal_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n it_o shall_v much_o more_o determine_v betwixt_o two_o law_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v follow_v but_o there_o be_v the_o less_o difficulty_n in_o this_o case_n that_o none_o of_o the_o act_n make_v deforcement_n to_o be_v capital_a and_o these_o word_n that_o their_o life_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v do_v not_o infer_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la the_o pain_n of_o death_n as_o be_v elsewhere_o full_o debate_v but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o their_o person_n may_v not_o likewise_o be_v punishable_a see_v not_o only_a by_o the_o former_a act_n be_v their_o life_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v but_o likewise_o by_o the_o seven_o act_n 17._o parliament_n i._o 6._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o deforcement_n of_o officer_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o escheat_n of_o their_o movable_a good_n and_o punishment_n of_o their_o person_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o before_o so_o that_o there_o be_v geminatio_fw-la legum_fw-la which_o make_v the_o law_n much_o strong_a and_o i_o remember_v that_o some_o sea_n man_n in_o bruntisland_n have_v row_v off_o their_o boat_n when_o the_o customer_n officer_n be_v about_o to_o poynd_v some_o unfree_a good_n buy_v out_o of_o captain_n dewars_n ship_n by_o row_v off_o of_o which_o boat_n the_o messenger_n who_o be_v to_o poynd_n fall_v in_o the_o sea_n the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o thesaury_n do_v summary_o in_o july_n 1669._o ordain_v the_o seaman_n to_o be_v whip_v which_o be_v according_o do_v iii_o messenger_n have_v as_o the_o badge_n of_o their_o office_n a_o blazon_n bear_v the_o king_n arm_n and_o a_o wand_n of_o peace_n if_o they_o bear_v not_o the_o blazon_n it_o be_v believe_v and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o objection_n against_o the_o conception_n and_o relevancy_n of_o the_o lybel_n they_o may_v be_v deforce_v because_o by_o that_o act_n only_a people_n be_v obleidge_v to_o know_v that_o they_o be_v messenger_n and_o the_o wand_n of_o peace_n be_v that_o whereby_o they_o touch_v a_o rebel_n and_o declare_v he_o to_o be_v their_o prisoner_n and_o when_o they_o be_v deforce_v they_o use_v to_o break_v the_o wand_n of_o peace_n but_o though_o their_o libel_n bear_v always_o that_o the_o wand_n of_o peace_n be_v break_v yet_o if_o the_o trouble_v of_o the_o messenger_n be_v prove_v though_o this_o quality_n be_v not_o prove_v the_o assize_n will_v still_o find_v guilty_a as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o murray_n and_o french_a 13._o july_n 1669._o where_o it_o be_v likewise_o find_v that_o albeit_o ordinary_o the_o messenger_n who_o be_v deforce_v do_v give_v in_o with_o his_o libel_n a_o exemption_n of_o deforcement_n wherein_o after_o the_o ordinary_a form_n he_o relate_v how_o he_o execute_v the_o letter_n and_o how_o and_o by_o who_o he_o be_v deforce_v yet_o that_o execution_n be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o prove_v the_o deforcement_n but_o that_o the_o deforcement_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n for_o else_o there_o can_v be_v no_o deforcement_n if_o the_o messenger_n be_v kill_v so_o that_o he_o can_v make_v no_o execution_n or_o if_o he_o be_v bribe_v by_o the_o deforcer_n and_o so_o will_v give_v none_o but_o that_o a_o execution_n of_o deforcement_n be_v only_o necessary_a to_o the_o effect_n the_o letter_n may_v be_v repute_n as_o valid_o execute_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v real_o execute_v it_o use_v sometime_o to_o be_v allege_v against_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o libel_n in_o this_o crime_n that_o the_o libel_n be_v not_o relevant_a because_o it_o bear_v not_o that_o the_o messenger_n have_v the_o letter_n of_o caption_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o show_v they_o to_o the_o party_n who_o he_o apprehend_v be_v virtue_n of_o that_o caption_n for_o without_o see_v of_o the_o letter_n the_o party_n be_v not_o obliedge_v to_o obey_v and_o if_o it_o be_v otherways_o any_o man_n may_v take_v a_o free_a liege_n and_o keep_v he_o till_o he_o shall_v get_v a_o caption_n though_o he_o have_v none_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o execution_n but_o upon_o the_o 19_o of_o february_n 1672._o gordoun_n of_o braco_n be_v find_v guilty_a of_o deforcement_n though_o the_o messenger_n his_o have_v a_o caption_n be_v neither_o libel_v nor_o prove_v and_o that_o because_o the_o rebel_n do_v not_o crave_v to_o see_v a_o warrant_n and_o the_o messenger_n be_v answerable_a if_o he_o do_v execute_v without_o a_o warrant_n neither_o do_v the_o lord_n think_v that_o the_o messenger_n be_v bind_v to_o put_v the_o warrant_n in_o the_o rebel_n hand_n leave_v he_o shall_v destroy_v it_o but_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o show_v it_o to_o any_o disinterest_v person_n who_o be_v present_a in_o the_o same_o process_n it_o be_v likewise_o find_v that_o a_o messenger_n may_v execute_v a_o caption_n under_o silence_n of_o night_n though_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o this_o may_v give_v a_o colour_n to_o robber_n to_o enter_v in_o to_o honest_a man_n house_n under_o night_n upon_o pretext_n of_o execute_v of_o caption_n though_o poynding_n indeed_o can_v be_v execute_v after_o the_o sun_n be_v set_v because_o a_o poynd_n be_v a_o sentence_n and_o require_v formam_fw-la judicii_fw-la and_o no_o court_n can_v be_v keep_v under_o silence_n of_o night_n some_o judge_n ordain_v officer_n to_o take_v raes_n from_o a_o mast_n and_o arrest_v ship_n without_o a_o write_a order_n the_o haste_n of_o the_o execution_n so_o require_v and_o therefore_o i_o think_v that_o though_o such_o have_v not_o a_o write_a warrant_n they_o can_v lawful_o be_v oppose_v for_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o all_o good_a subject_n to_o inquire_v first_o if_o he_o who_o pretend_v to_o have_v authority_n have_v it_o already_o though_o he_o see_v no_o write_a warrant_n but_o not_o rash_o to_o oppose_v what_o may_v be_v lawful_a another_o ordinary_a objection_n against_o the_o libel_n be_v that_o the_o messenger_n and_o his_o assister_n do_v transgress_v their_o power_n and_o warrant_v and_o so_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o resist_v they_o and_o thus_o upon_o the_o 18._o of_o novemb_n 1667._o mr._n archibald_n borthwick_n be_v pursue_v for_o deforcement_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o he_o compear_v as_o procurator_n for_o the_o lord_n borthwick_n who_o have_v arrest_v sandiland_n and_o the_o tenant_n corn_n as_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o allege_v the_o messenger_n can_v not_o poynd_v the_o corn_n till_o the_o master_n be_v pay_v wherein_o the_o messenger_n do_v unjust_o and_o so_o he_o have_v good_a reason_n to_o stop_v the_o poynd_n this_o alledgiance_n be_v find_v relevant_a but_o if_o just_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v and_o lawyer_n be_v very_o positive_a that_o no_o man_n can_v stop_v any_o execution_n upon_o such_o pretence_n of_o unjustice_n where_o the_o unjustice_n can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o redress_v by_o appellation_n or_o otherwise_o which_o they_o call_v resistentia_fw-la licita_fw-la per_fw-la subsidium_fw-la menoch_n de_fw-fr recup_n possess_v reme_v 8._o num_fw-la 30._o &_o 31._o cabal_n resol_fw-it crim_n case_z 132._o and_o their_o opinion_n seem_v most_o just_a for_o it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o make_v private_a person_n and_o such_o also_o as_o be_v interest_v judge_n to_o the_o justice_n of_o what_o be_v do_v against_o themselves_o 2._o nunquam_fw-la recurrendum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la remedium_fw-la extraordinarium_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la locus_fw-la est_fw-la ordinario_fw-la but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o if_o a_o messenger_n do_v any_o wrong_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o office_n he_o be_v liable_a therefore_o ad_fw-la damnum_fw-la &_o interest_n and_o find_v caution_n for_o that_o effect_n to_o the_o lion_n at_o his_o entry_n 3._o messenger_n be_v judge_n in_o poynding_n and_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o resist_v judge_n upon_o pretence_n that_o they_o judge_v unjust_o and_o this_o suggest_v to_o i_o another_o distinction_n which_o be_v that_o either_o a_o messenger_n or_o executer_n do_v wrong_v the_o party_n interest_v via_fw-la juris_fw-la as_o in_o omit_v formality_n and_o repel_v
except_o the_o word_n infer_v so_o clear_o a_o injury_n that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o libel_v the_o design_n 3._o that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi who_o be_v injure_v do_v present_o resent_v the_o injury_n and_o take_v what_o be_v speak_v for_o a_o injury_n which_o the_o lawyer_n call_v revocatio_fw-la injuriae_fw-la ad_fw-la animum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o this_o dissatisfaction_n be_v signify_v either_o open_o and_o express_o or_o by_o some_o other_o act_n which_o testify_v discontent_a ex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la quis_fw-la injuriam_fw-la debet_fw-la ad_fw-la animum_fw-la revocare_fw-la alius_fw-la ex_fw-la intervallo_fw-la nihil_fw-la facit_fw-la sed_fw-la injuria_fw-la remissa_fw-la censetur_fw-la §_o ult_n just_a de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v because_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o verbal_a injury_n consist_v in_o dissatisfy_v the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v and_o word_n be_v only_a injury_n if_o they_o be_v so_o take_v and_o therefore_o if_o they_o be_v take_v at_o first_o to_o be_v no_o injury_n they_o be_v then_o no_o injury_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o then_o a_o injury_n they_o can_v not_o afterward_o become_v such_o since_o than_o injury_n be_v estimat_fw-la according_a to_o the_o design_n of_o the_o offender_n it_o follow_v natural_o that_o man_n who_o be_v fool_n idiot_n very_o young_a or_o very_o drink_v be_v not_o punishable_a for_o verbal_a injury_n except_o the_o offender_n do_v become_v drink_v upon_o design_n to_o offend_v si_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la impetu_fw-la deliquit_fw-la and_o great_a passion_n which_o break_v off_o all_o design_v justa_fw-la &_o non_fw-la affectata_fw-la ira_fw-la excuse_n also_o in_o this_o case_n as_o also_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o object_v true_a crime_n be_v no_o injury_n if_o the_o objecter_n design_v principal_o not_o to_o offend_v the_o person_n guilty_a but_o to_o inform_v the_o commonwealth_n or_o to_o defend_v the_o speaker_n own_o honour_n and_o upon_o the_o first_o account_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o detect_n what_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v not_o much_o concern_v in_o be_v a_o injury_n cravet_fw-la consil_n 145._o and_o upon_o the_o last_o account_n it_o be_v think_v that_o to_o give_v a_o man_n the_o lie_n be_v a_o injury_n but_o that_o it_o be_v no_o injury_n to_o say_v you_o speak_v not_o truth_n for_o in_o the_o one_o we_o defend_v our_o own_o honour_n but_o in_o the_o other_o we_o offend_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o speaker_n and_o custom_n have_v make_v the_o expression_n pass_v for_o a_o expression_n to_o be_v use_v when_o we_o design_v to_o offend_v the_o relate_v likewise_o what_o we_o hear_v from_o good_a author_n who_o design_v no_o prejudice_n be_v sufficient_a also_o to_o defend_v against_o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o injurer_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o court_n of_o savoy_n cod._n fab_n de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr def_n 5._o yet_o sometime_o injury_n be_v infer_v not_o only_o from_o express_a word_n but_o even_o from_o the_o presumptive_a meaning_n of_o the_o speaker_n as_o to_o look_v in_o a_o man_n face_n and_o to_o say_v i_o be_o not_o a_o liar_n as_o other_o be_v afflict_v §_o injuria_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr parjur_fw-fr firm_a or_o to_o say_v flaunt_o you_o be_v a_o fine_a churchman_n jacob_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la visu_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o num_fw-la 31._o iii_o real_a injury_n be_v commit_v by_o hinder_v a_o man_n to_o use_v what_o be_v his_o own_o by_o remove_v his_o seat_n out_o of_o its_o place_n in_o the_o church_n by_o give_v a_o man_n medicament_n which_o may_v affront_v he_o by_o arrest_v his_o stood_n unjust_o by_o wear_v in_o contempt_n what_o belong_v to_o another_o man_n as_o a_o mark_n of_o honour_n by_o raze_v shameful_o a_o man_n hair_n or_o beard_n by_o offer_v to_o strike_v he_o in_o public_a or_o by_o strike_v he_o or_o rive_v or_o abuse_v his_o clothes_n or_o his_o house_n and_o many_o other_o way_n relate_v by_o berlich_n conclus_fw-la 69._o vi_o according_a to_o our_o law_n verbal_a injury_n be_v punish_v only_o by_o the_o commissar_n who_o be_v judices_fw-la christianitatis_fw-la scandal_n be_v a_o church_n censure_n and_o the_o commissar_n do_v inflict_v pecuniary_a mulct_n and_o make_v the_o offender_n do_v penance_n at_o church_n door_n or_o otherways_o nor_o do_v ordinary_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n either_o advocate_n such_o action_n or_o modify_v their_o penalty_n the_o council_n do_v use_v to_o remit_v to_o the_o commissar_n such_o pursuit_n and_o refuse_v to_o try_v verbal_a injury_n do_v to_o private_a person_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o strauchan_n and_o straiton_n but_o if_o the_o verbal_a injury_n be_v do_v to_o a_o magistrate_n as_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v call_v he_o a_o knave_n or_o a_o fool_n than_o the_o council_n use_v to_o fine_a and_o to_o punish_v even_o verbal_a injury_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o george_n campbel_n and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o inverary_n 1666._o or_o to_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o mr._n alexander_n spotswood_n and_o the_o justice_n clerk_n and_o though_o verbal_a injury_n be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n if_o they_o be_v not_o pursue_v within_o a_o year_n or_o by_o posterior_n friendship_n for_o the_o law_n be_v most_o desirous_a to_o pass_v by_o such_o imaginary_a crime_n yet_o in_o george_n campbels_n case_n a_o subsequent_a reconciliation_n be_v not_o sustain_v as_o a_o relevant_a exception_n because_o it_o be_v not_o very_o express_v they_o punish_v also_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o criminal_a court_n likewise_o punish_v verbal_a injury_n if_o against_o magistrate_n but_o will_v not_o sustain_v a_o pursuit_n against_o private_a person_n for_o though_o ii_o of_o november_n 1672._o aikman_n against_o carnagy_n nor_o will_v they_o sustain_v a_o criminal_a pursuit_n for_o call_v a_o minister_n perjure_a with_fw-mi stock_n decis_fw-la 108._o where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v the_o present_a custom_n of_o brabant_n not_o to_o sustain_v criminal_a action_n for_o word_n except_o they_o be_v speak_v against_o magistrate_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o employment_n vid._n l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr priv_n delict_n real_a injury_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o the_o council_n or_o justice_n court_n and_o the_o punishment_n be_v arbitrary_a v._o infamous_a libel_n libelli_fw-la famosi_fw-la be_v the_o most_o permanent_a of_o all_o injury_n and_o therefore_o be_v most_o severe_o punish_v and_o in_o it_o the_o offender_n show_v more_o design_n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o guilty_a he_o who_o write_v dictate_v or_o affix_n infamous_a libel_n or_o cause_n write_v dictat_fw-la or_o affix_v they_o be_v punishable_a he_o who_o find_v a_o infamous_a libel_n and_o show_v it_o though_o to_o one_o only_a be_v punishable_a if_o malice_n or_o design_n can_v be_v prove_v else_o not_o for_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o ordinary_a nor_o more_o innocent_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n then_o to_o show_v such_o libel_n whether_o dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la &_o animus_n iniuriandi_fw-la a_o design_n to_o offend_v be_v presume_v in_o this_o delict_n or_o must_v be_v prove_v be_v much_o controvert_v bertaz_n consil_n 237._o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v presume_v farin_n quest_n 295._o affirm_v it_o be_v not_o presume_v but_o must_v be_v prove_v and_o i_o incline_v to_o this_o last_o opinion_n see_v infamous_a libel_n be_v not_o now_o so_o much_o resent_v as_o former_o custom_n have_v much_o allay_v the_o picque_n which_o use_v to_o ensue_v thereupon_o and_o that_o custom_n defend_v from_o all_o guilt_n in_o this_o case_n be_v most_o learned_o maintain_v by_o coler_n decis_fw-la 154._o where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o stationer_n be_v absolve_v though_o they_o sell_v infamous_a libel_n because_o all_o stationer_n use_n to_o sell_v such_o many_o thing_n do_v likewise_o in_o this_o case_n lessen_v the_o punishment_n as_o that_o the_o panel_n be_v a_o minor_a be_v provoke_v do_v tear_v it_o before_o it_o be_v full_o write_v or_o after_o it_o be_v affix_v or_o confess_v his_o fault_n and_o say_v he_o do_v it_o only_o out_o of_o passion_n or_o curiosity_n or_o if_o what_o be_v say_v be_v true_a berlich_n conclus_fw-la 67._o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o delict_n be_v of_o old_a arbitrary_a paul_n lib._n 5._o scent_n do_fw-mi 14._o but_o be_v make_v capital_a by_o the_o edict_n valentiniani_n &_o valentis_fw-la l._n unic_fw-la c._n the_o famous_a libel_n but_o clar._n make_v it_o arbitrary_a by_o the_o present_a custom_n of_o europe_n and_o so_o it_o be_v with_o we_o at_o present_a in_o scotland_n except_o where_o the_o prince_n be_v abuse_v or_o where_o a_o capital_a crime_n be_v allege_v against_o any_o man_n for_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la infamous_a libel_n be_v just_o punishable_a by_o death_n and_o thus_o fleeming_n be_v hang_v for_o say_v that_o he_o wish_v that_o the_o king_n will_v shoot_v to_o
therefore_o adviser_n may_v appear_v in_o our_o law_n to_o be_v punishable_a as_o the_o principal_a offender_n see_v art_n and_o part_n be_v punishable_a as_o the_o principal_a crime_n with_o we_o yet_o the_o council_n use_v to_o mitigat_n the_o punishment_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v not_o atrocius_fw-la and_o the_o judge_n shall_v here_o consider_v whether_o the_o adviser_n give_v the_o counsel_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o former_a malice_n conceive_v by_o himself_o or_o if_o it_o be_v only_o give_v in_o resentment_n of_o any_o wrong_n do_v to_o the_o committer_n and_o he_o be_v to_o be_v more_o severe_o punish_v in_o the_o first_o case_n then_o in_o the_o last_o 2._o in_o the_o case_n or_o advice_n the_o advisers_n age_n be_v much_o to_o be_v consider_v for_o though_o minor_n and_o these_o who_o be_v drink_v may_v be_v punish_v for_o murder_n yet_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o advice_n 3._o the_o word_n in_o which_o the_o advice_n be_v conceive_v shall_v still_o be_v interpret_v most_o favourable_a for_o the_o adviser_n for_o word_n be_v capable_a of_o several_a and_o distinct_a sense_n according_o as_o they_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o speaker_n and_o word_n do_v vary_v by_o the_o accent_n or_o punctation_n 4._o if_o the_o adviser_n retreat_v his_o opinion_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v if_o he_o thereafter_o dissuade_v the_o committer_n but_o some_o require_v that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o do_v intimate_fw-la to_o the_o person_n against_o who_o the_o advice_n be_v give_v what_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o for_o else_o the_o advice_n once_o give_v may_v occasion_v the_o murder_n though_o thereafter_o disow_v iv._o he_o who_o give_v order_n to_o commit_v a_o crime_n be_v in_o our_o law_n be_v and_o part_n of_o the_o crime_n commit_v as_o be_v find_v in_o john_n mackintosh_n case_n the_o 11._o of_o may_v 1673._o and_o be_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n punishable_a in_o the_o same_o way_n and_o manner_n with_o the_o principal_a party_n whether_o that_o principal_a or_o chief_a committer_n will_v have_v commit_v the_o crime_n or_o not_o without_o that_o mandat_fw-la nam_fw-la quando_fw-la mandatum_fw-la cadit_fw-la in_o delictum_fw-la non_fw-la queritur_fw-la a_o mandatorius_fw-la pierce_v commississet_fw-la gomes_n in_fw-ge §_o penale_n just_a de_fw-fr actionibus_fw-la and_o see_v this_o distinction_n hold_v not_o in_o mandato_fw-la i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v hold_v in_o confilio_fw-la not_o only_o if_o one_o give_v order_n to_o commit_v the_o crime_n be_v he_o liable_a as_o art_n and_o part_n but_o if_o he_o give_v order_n to_o do_v that_o which_o which_o be_v inseparable_o join_v to_o the_o commission_n of_o it_o and_o even_o if_o he_o give_v order_n to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v unlawful_a in_o it_o self_n may_v produce_v the_o crime_n and_o thus_o if_o one_o give_v order_n to_o wound_v a_o man_n it_o be_v think_v that_o if_o the_o person_n die_v of_o the_o wound_n he_o receive_v the_o giver_n of_o the_o mandat_fw-la be_v guilty_a of_o the_o murder_n except_o the_o order_n be_v restrict_v to_o wound_v with_o a_o stone_n club_n or_o some_o such_o weapon_n as_o be_v not_o mortal_a for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o committer_n be_v only_o punishable_a paena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la and_o by_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n not_o reach_v death_n clar._n quest_n 89._o num_fw-la 5._o what_o word_n will_v infer_v a_o command_n can_v be_v determine_v but_o it_o be_v find_v in_o mackintosh_n case_n that_o his_o desire_n to_o bring_v druchdarg_fw-mi who_o be_v kill_v dead_a or_o alive_a do_v not_o infer_v his_o be_v art_n or_o part_n of_o the_o murder_n for_o he_o have_v a_o caption_n against_o druchdarg_n he_o may_v desire_v the_o messenger_n or_o his_o son_n to_o pursue_v he_o if_o he_o resist_v the_o caption_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o word_n can_v import_v proper_o no_o other_o sense_n than_o such_o as_o will_v infer_v a_o crime_n the_o speak_n of_o they_o will_v infer_v art_n and_o part_n and_o thus_o frazeâ—_n of_o culhockie_n be_v pursue_v on_o the_o 9_o of_o july_n 1675._o for_o deforce_v a_o messenger_n he_o be_v find_v guilty_a because_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o after_o he_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o messenger_n he_o cry_v to_o his_o natural_a son_n to_o come_v up_o and_o help_v he_o and_o to_o give_v these_o man_n their_o reward_n whereupon_o his_o natural_a son_n do_v invade_v the_o messenger_n and_o he_o thereupon_o escape_v and_o in_o general_a i_o think_v word_n shall_v be_v very_o clear_a and_o speak_v too_o by_o a_o person_n who_o have_v previous_a malice_n else_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o infer_v death_n for_o word_n be_v oft_o speak_v in_o jest_n as_o when_o one_o of_o our_o king_n desire_v those_o of_o caithness_n to_o go_v and_o sup_v their_o bishop_n in_o broth._n it_o be_v determine_v also_o by_o the_o doctor_n that_o if_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o mandat_fw-la refer_v the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n to_o a_o three_o person_n and_o he_o to_o a_o four_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v by_o the_o three_o or_o four_o that_o all_o of_o they_o be_v punishable_a with_o the_o same_o punishment_n bald._n in_o l._n 1._o §_o nec_fw-la autem_fw-la c._n the_o cadâ—â—_n tollend_v but_o seem_v hard_a see_v the_o person_n be_v not_o kill_v in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o first_o committer_n and_o possible_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o first_o mandat_fw-la be_v give_v be_v consider_v to_o be_v such_o that_o he_o will_v not_o excuse_v the_o mandat_fw-la and_o many_o case_n may_v fall_v out_o whereby_o it_o may_v have_v be_v that_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o mandat_fw-la will_v not_o have_v give_v the_o mandat_fw-la to_o any_o other_o and_o therefore_o capoll_n gautela_n 39_o &_o menoch_n de_fw-fr arb_n caesu_fw-la 353._o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o if_o the_o murder_n be_v commit_v by_o any_o other_o than_o he_o to_o who_o the_o commission_n be_v grant_v that_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o mandat_fw-la be_v not_o liable_a in_o that_o case_n and_o general_o they_o conclude_v that_o if_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o mandat_fw-la do_v exceed_v his_o mandat_fw-la any_o manner_n of_o way_n that_o then_o if_o the_o crime_n which_o be_v order_v to_o be_v commit_v be_v a_o mean_a and_o small_a crime_n the_o giver_n of_o the_o mandat_fw-la be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v punish_v but_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v atrocious_a than_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o warrant_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v paena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la by_o a_o extraordinary_a punishment_n for_o he_o who_o give_v order_n to_o commit_v as_o atrocious_a crime_n incur_v a_o punishable_a guilt_n in_o the_o very_o give_v of_o the_o order_n menoch_n ibid._n num_fw-la 9_o they_o likewise_o determine_v from_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o command_v to_o kill_v a._n â—_o he_o be_v not_o kill_v but_o b._n be_v kill_v be_v punishable_a by_o a_o extraordinary_a punishment_n the_o like_a also_o hold_v if_o the_o command_n 〈◊〉_d mandat_fw-la do_v bear_v to_o commit_v the_o crime_n in_o one_o month_n and_o 〈◊〉_d be_v not_o commit_v in_o that_o month_n but_o many_o other_o menoch_n ibid._n num_fw-la 21._o though_o mandate_n in_o civil_a case_n be_v only_o probable_a scripto_fw-la vel_fw-la juramento_fw-la yet_o in_o crime_n they_o be_v probable_a by_o witness_n as_o all_o crime_n and_o art_n and_o part_n be_v v._o how_o far_o the_o mandat_fw-la warrant_v or_o command_v of_o our_o superior_n excuse_n be_v various_o debate_v by_o the_o doctor_n but_o their_o dictate_v may_v be_v resolve_v in_o these_o conclusion_n 1._o the_o command_n of_o the_o prince_n excuse_v altogether_o in_o lesser_a crime_n but_o in_o atrocious_a crime_n it_o excuse_v only_o from_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n metus_fw-la paenam_fw-la attenuat_fw-la none_o in_o totum_fw-la tollit_fw-la for_o the_o committer_n in_o this_o case_n do_v not_o commit_v the_o crime_n dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la &_o quicitra_fw-la dolum_fw-la deliquit_fw-la ordinaria_fw-la paena_fw-la non_fw-la punitur_fw-la &_o illi_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquid_fw-la adversus_fw-la svam_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la agit_fw-fr crimem_fw-la non_fw-la adscribitur_fw-la sed_fw-la cogenti_fw-la cap._n 1_o 2._o &_o cap._n 32._o quest_n 5._o the_o command_n of_o the_o magistrate_n act_v as_o a_o magistrate_n or_o a_o public_a person_n excuse_n or_o defend_v the_o committer_n from_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n in_o atrocious_a crime_n and_o from_o all_o punishment_n in_o lesser_a crime_n l._n quanquam_fw-la &_o l._n quod_fw-la principis_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr aqua_fw-la pluv_fw-la arcend_v a_o mandat_fw-la give_v by_o a_o master_n to_o his_o servant_n excuse_v he_o from_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n when_o the_o crime_n be_v atrocious_a and_o the_o master_n be_v know_v to_o be_v cruel_a and_o thus_o i_o have_v see_v the_o servant_n of_o one_o who_o be_v hang_v for_o robbery_n banish_v only_o because_o they_o know_v not_o that_o their_o master_n
without_o insert_v any_o part_n of_o the_o process_n in_o the_o journal_n book_n wherein_o also_o i_o find_v that_o malefactor_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v execute_v very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n for_o bestiality_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o confession_n of_o one_o who_o assert_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o commit_v that_o crime_n be_v a_o curiosity_n he_o contract_v at_o his_o see_v one_o execute_v for_o it_o and_o in_o such_o crime_n no_o man_n needs_o to_o be_v deter_v nor_o wâ—ll_n terror_n restrain_v he_o who_o nature_n can_v since_o than_o execution_n for_o some_o crime_n incite_v some_o to_o curiosity_n and_o vex_v other_o with_o horror_n and_o be_v necessary_a to_o none_o some_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o punish_v private_o then_o public_o and_o thus_o such_o person_n as_o be_v popular_a and_o be_v execute_v only_o for_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o people_n have_v a_o kindness_n will_v be_v more_o happy_o execute_v private_o then_o public_o because_o the_o person_n execute_v be_v by_o public_a execution_n obleidge_v to_o die_v rebellious_o and_o the_o people_n be_v confirm_v in_o their_o good_a opinion_n of_o they_o by_o their_o courage_n at_o death_n ii_o constantine_n do_v forbid_v that_o any_o malefactor_n shall_v be_v crucify_v and_o this_o he_o do_v because_o of_o his_o respect_n to_o the_o cross_n he_o likewise_o do_v forbid_v to_o stigmatize_v the_o face_n l._n 17._o c._n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la because_o the_o face_n be_v god_n image_n martyrus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o banishment_n be_v not_o lawful_a lest_o the_o person_n so_o punish_v shall_v be_v force_v to_o live_v among_o turk_n and_o other_o by_o who_o he_o may_v become_v more_o flagitious_a then_o former_o and_o i_o have_v oft_o think_v it_o inhuman_a to_o send_v our_o malefactor_n to_o our_o neighbour_n and_o imprudent_a because_o it_o will_v occasion_v the_o send_n of_o they_o from_o home_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v likewise_o trouble_v with_o such_o as_o they_o have_v banish_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o correction-house_n will_v be_v both_o safe_a and_o more_o advantageous_a for_o in_o these_o they_o may_v serve_v the_o public_a who_o they_o have_v offend_v but_o with_o we_o no_o judge_n can_v confine_v a_o man_n who_o he_o banish_v to_o any_o place_n without_o his_o jurisdiction_n because_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o other_o country_n and_o so_o can_v make_v any_o act_n nor_o pronounce_v any_o sentence_n relative_a to_o they_o torture_v punishment_n at_o death_n be_v also_o very_o inexcusable_a for_o they_o ofttimes_o occasion_v blasphemy_n in_o the_o die_a malefactor_n and_o so_o damn_v both_o soul_n and_o body_n whereas_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o leave_v quiet_o this_o earth_n and_o go_v in_o peace_n to_o the_o region_n of_o peace_n nor_o do_v these_o terrify_v other_o from_o the_o like_a offence_n for_o these_o who_o fear_v not_o death_n will_v fear_v nothing_o iii_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o the_o civilian_n that_o no_o man_n can_v obliedge_v himself_o to_o any_o thing_n under_o a_o corporal_a pain_n quia_fw-la nemo_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la suorum_fw-la membrorum_fw-la but_o with_o we_o it_o be_v most_o ordinary_a for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n to_o obliedge_v himself_o never_o to_o return_v to_o scotland_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n thus_o hamiltoun_n be_v hang_v anno_fw-la 1649._o for_o return_v to_o scotland_n after_o she_o haâ—_n enact_v herself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o her_o dittay_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o that_o contravention_n and_o certain_o contempt_n be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a guilt_n may_v make_v a_o crime_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a become_v so_o and_o this_o contravention_n imply_v in_o effect_n paenam_fw-la effracti_fw-la carceris_fw-la which_o be_v ofttimes_o capital_a so_o that_o though_o a_o person_n can_v bind_v himself_o when_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o no_o crime_n to_o perform_v any_o thing_n under_o pain_n of_o life_n or_o limb_n yet_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n he_o may_v consent_v and_o enact_v himself_o as_o say_v be_v iv._o whether_o when_o law_n allow_v a_o judge_n a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o punish_v that_o judge_n may_v inflict_v death_n in_o that_o case_n be_v much_o controvert_v chassan_n and_o socin_n think_v that_o he_o can_v and_o this_o seem_v clear_a 1.4_o qui_fw-la vexant_fw-la annonam_fw-la debent_fw-la puniri_fw-la extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la animae_fw-la amissione_n inst._n the_o publ_n ind_z and_o pappon_o relate_v a_o decision_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n find_v that_o it_o can_v not_o 2._o this_o will_v make_v judge_n very_o arbitrary_a and_o render_v the_o life_n and_o fortoun_n of_o the_o liege_n very_o unsecure_a 3._o see_v lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o without_o a_o express_a law_n it_o seem_v very_o consequential_a to_o this_o that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o upon_o so_o general_a a_o law_n 4._o by_o the_o 20._o act_n parl._n 1_o sess._n 1._o ch._n 2._o death_n and_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v oppose_v for_o these_o who_o have_v pass_v sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n beat_v or_o curse_v parent_n be_v ordain_v to_o die_v but_o if_o they_o be_v within_o sixteen_o and_o past_a pupilarity_n they_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v arbitrar_o punish_v whereas_o if_o arbitrary_a punishment_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n this_o difference_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a and_o the_o law_n thereby_o evacuat_a and_o by_o the_o 5._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 6._o the_o punishment_n of_o say_v and_o hear_v mess_n be_v escheat_v of_o their_o good_n and_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n of_o their_o person_n for_o the_o first_o fault_n banishment_n for_o the_o second_o and_o death_n for_o the_o three_o so_o that_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o less_o than_o death_n else_o the_o first_o fault_n shall_v be_v as_o seveer_o 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for_o this_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr priv_n delict_n &_o 16._o de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la but_o these_o law_n be_v ill_o cite_v as_o will_v appear_v by_o read_v they_o when_o the_o pain_n be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n arbitrary_a and_o the_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n he_o must_v present_o find_v caution_n to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n will_v betwixt_o and_o such_o a_o day_n this_o be_v the_o constant_a custom_n and_o be_v practise_v the_o 22._o of_o november_n 1600._o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la patrick_n mc._n creif_n and_o other_o but_o where_o the_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o a_o express_a and_o determinat_fw-la punishment_n there_o though_o a_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v receive_v and_o thus_o the_o marquis_n of_o argile_n be_v pursue_v before_o the_o parliament_n for_o treason_n offer_v to_o come_v in_o will_n but_o his_o submission_n be_v not_o accept_v v._o it_o be_v uncontravert_v with_o we_o if_o when_o any_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n the_o movable_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n though_o the_o act_n bear_v not_o that_o the_o crime_n shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o movable_n and_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n proscriptus_fw-la eratis_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la expressim_fw-la confiscabantur_fw-la damnatus_fw-la vero_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la tacit_a publicatio_fw-la enim_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sequebatur_fw-la tacit_a paenam_fw-la capitalem_fw-la matheus_n cap._n 2._o de_fw-la sicartis_fw-la num_fw-la 2._o and_o albeit_o the_o judge_n shall_v omit_v in_o his_o sentence_n the_o punishment_n due_a by_o law_n yet_o ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la there_o be_v by_o the_o damnation_n jus_o quaesitum_fw-la fisco_fw-la as_o be_v find_v after_o a_o large_a debate_n in_o the_o case_n of_o wauch_n who_o be_v a_o land_a man_n find_v guilty_a of_o theft_n though_o he_o be_v only_o fine_v by_o the_o sheriff_n in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n yet_o the_o donator_n to_o the_o escheat_n be_v find_v to_o have_v