Diatelesma The second part of the Moderne History of the VVorld containing this last Summers actions IN Languedock Italy Piemont Montferrat Lorrain the Dukedome of Burgundy the Franch County and generally in France Holland the West-Indies and Marine occurrences With some passages of Rome and Turkey brought downe to Novemb. 1637. Quicquid agunt homines nostri est ferrago libelli Iuven. LONDON Printed by T. Harper and are to be sold by Nathaniel Butter and Nicholas Bourne 1638. A Table of Contents CErbellone encampeth before Laucate Pag. 2 The Situation of Laucate ibid. Cerbellon gropeth the Governour ibid. And fayling of his end prepares to batter the Fort. 3 The Castle of Roqueford taken by Cerbellon ibid. The Garrison re-enforced 4 The Duke of Halewin prepares to relieve it ibid. Brings up his armie opportunely 5 Calleth a Councell of Warre 6 The resolution of the Councell ibid. Is put in practise 7 The Spanish scouts repulsed ibid. The French Generall seekes to be informed of the Spanish Fortifications ibid. The Fortifications discovered 8 Another Councell of Warre is called ibid. It being concluded to assault the Enemie in five places ibid. Labourerers are sent to open the way for the horse 9 And the French armie is divided into five bonds ibid. A reserve set apart 10 The battels joyne 11 The fight doubtfull the French horse come up and get the victorie ibid. The Spaniards flye 12 The French seize on the spoyle 13 The Spaniards losse ibid. The King gives thankes to God and rewards to his souldiers ibid. The Duke of Rohans march out of the Veltoline 15 D. Bernhard goeth into the field 16 Takes in the Castle of Romagne ibid. Which yeelds upon discretion 17 Some Peasants to secure their gold lose both money and lives ibid. Champlite surrendred to D. Bernh 18 Mercy with seventeeene Regiments opposeth the D. passage over Soan ibid. Duke Bernh encounters him 19 And gets the victorie ibid. Giz yeelded upon discretion 20 The Commander in Saint Loup hanged up ibid. The issue and effect of the battell ibid. Mercye againe defeated by the Rhinegrave 21 Mountbeliard blocked up by Putler is freed by Schavelitzky ibid. Altkirk taken pillaged and burnt by Schavelitzky ibid. Montbeliard re-victualled by D. Bernhard ibid. Six Companies of Lorrain horsmen defeated by D. Bernhard 22 Boyseys Regiment defeated and himselfe slain ibid. Mommartin and Veson taken in the Duke marcheth towards the Rhine 23 Many of the Lorrainers submit to the French King voluntarily  Le Pont de Horde ibid. Besieged ibid. And taken by the Count of Medovie Governour of Montbeliard 24 The Governour hanged ibid. The death of Ponico D. Bernhards bosome friend 25 A strange tempest at Tours ibid. Buffara a Weaver naiseth a commotion in Perigot 26 By an ill woven speech to the Peasants 27 The people assenting take up Armes 28 Are beaten in the field by the Duke de Valette ibid. Their Captaine broke upon the wheele 29 A black-Smith raiseth a new commotion in Querey ibid. Taketh Fons ibid. Is re-enforced by three thousand fresh men ibid. Summons Pigear 30 Is deluded by the Citizens ibid. Taken and delivered to the hands of Iustice 31 The Marquesse of Constans raised by the Duke of Langueville 32 The Castle of Courlaon besieged by the D. 33 Surrendred upon composition ibid. The towne of Lyon de Saulnier besieged by the French 34. The Castle holds out ibid. Two other Castles taken by the Duke Longueville 35 Montaigne taken by the Count De Guebriant ibid. The Castle of Lyon de Saulniere surrendred upon composition 36 Divers Forts and Castles taken by the D. de Longueville 37 The Castle of Sovigny ayred before the French enter 38 The Duke of Longueville by suffering the Camptois to take their Crop relieves his Army ibid. Orgelet yielded to the French with other Forts 39 The Count of Soyssons gives evidence of his loyaltie to the King 40 Sundry Castles taken by Guebriant in the French Countie ibid. S. Lawrence la Roche the Towne surprized by the French 41 Burned by the Spaniards which slie into the Castle 42 Where they are besieged and forced to yield ibid. Bleteran in danger of a siege 43 The Burgesses prepare to flie ibid. Guebriant way-layes them and they not comming abroad addresseth a Stratagem to surprize the Garrison 44 That fayling he takes in Iosseau a Castle ibid. And the Fort de Loges 45 Addresseth a new stratagem for the Garrison of Bleterans ibid. And surprized a part of the Presidiaries ibid. Bleterans besieged 46 And described ibid. The Castle of Fontenay surrendred ibid. The Towne of Bleterans taken 47 The besieged flie to the Castle where they capitulate and surrender ibid. Troubles amongst the Grisons after Rohans departure 49 Leganez Governour of Millain goeth into the field 50 The Spanish Army is divided into three parts ibid. Gildas sent towards Nisse le Pagly ibid. Summoneth the Citie 51 Which by the treachery and seditious practice of the Inhabitants 52 Was surrendred ibid. In despight of the Governour and Garrison ibid. Agliano besieged by the Spaniard 53 The Commander endureth divers assaults ibid. Slaughters upon the Assailants ibid. Agliano taken by the Spaniard 54 The Duke of Savoy and the Marquesse of Leganez encampe neere each other 55 The Mà rquesse his Horses quartered without his Trenches are exposed to damage ibid. The Prince of Modena sent into Langues 56 Plundereth the Territorie ibid. Taketh in the Fort Santa Iulia 57 Where he encampeth and is raised by Senantes a Colonell of the Duke of Savoy ibid. A Fort Royall built by Leganez at Rocca ibid. Leganez discampeth 58 The French Army joynes with the Duke of Savoy who sends a part thereof against the Prince of Modena 58 Cairo besieged by Verrue 59 Leganez to divert him invades Veecelloia ibid. But his project takes not ibid. A Battell betwixt the Marquesse Ville and the Spanish Forces neere Cesia 60 Begun by a light Skirmish 61 Comes to a pitcht Battell which a while continued doubtfull ibid. Yet in the end the French get the victory ibid. La Rocca besieged by the French and Piemontains 62 A notable Exploit done by Dallot a French Colonell ibid. Leganez sendeth Don Martino to relieve la Rocca 62 The Spanish Vantguard surprized ibid. Leganez bringeth his whole Armie against the French and Piemontains ibid. A Battell without victorie 64 The siege of la Rocca raised ibid. The victory gotten by the Duke of Savoy at Monbaldon ibid. The death of the Duke of Savoy 66 The King of France causeth the Master of the Ceremonies ibid. To proclaime an Office for his soule ibid. The Proclamation concerning the Dukes titles c. 67 The manner of the service with all Ceremonies ibid. The first dayes service 68 The Office for the second day ibid. With all the particular ceremonies 69 Two Capuchins murdered by a Iew at Carriew 72 The murder discovered 73 The Iewes condemned and executed ibid. The Popes sicknesse and recovery 74 The death of
to his Majestie of France and the other Commanders to advise about the further proceedings of his Army A Councell was called neer the River Cesia and the Duke though known to be sage in Counsell both for warre and peace then seemed to out-strip himself when suddenly a Collick passion tooke him which first changing The death of the Duke of Savoy into a single Tertian and afterwards into a double accompanied with some malignity held him 11 days till nature being overcome by the disease there followed a separation of soule and body in the one and fiftieth yeer of his age A Prince hee was doubtlesse of a great spirit wise in policy valiant and painfull in warre and in demonstrance of his affection to the Crowne of France and his Duchesse a sister thereof made her protectresse of his Children and Regent of the State The Christian King as ill news hath swift wings had speedier notice of the death of his brother in Law than he had of the late victory and to shew that his love was permanent after his death according to the custome of The King of France causeth the Master of the Ceremonies the Roman Church gave order for a solemne Requiem and a Dirge to be held in the Cathedrall at Paris with all solemnity To this purpose Le Sieur de Sainct tot Master of the Ceremonies had order to command the Parliament and other Soveraigne Courts the Provost of the Merchants and Sheriffs the Rector and Scholars of the Vniversity of Paris to suffragate at the Prayers and Service which his Majesty had appointed in the Cathedrall of that City giving him a Commission to that purpose dated at Saint Germans October 14 24. The Master of the Ceremonies according to his warrant the 16 â—6 of the same moneth in the Robes of his Office To proclaime an Office for his soule with a square Cap upon his head clothed in a mourning Gown with a train of four ells long carried by foure Gentlemen accompanied with three Heralds of Arms bearing in their hands their staves of Office which were garnished with slowre de Luces then covered with Cypresle invested also in long black Robes upon which they had their ordinary Coats of Velvet embroydered with slowre de Luces and attended with 23 ordinary Cryers of Paris in mourning Gownes each carrying before and behind him an Escutchion of the Dukes Armes they made this Proclamation All Nobles and devout persons pray for the soul of the most excellent and most puissant Prince Victor Amady by the grace of God Duke of Savoy Chablais Augusta and Geneva Prince and perpetuall Vicar of the sacred Roman Empire Marquesse of Saleucesse Nizze The Proclamation containing the Dukes titles c. Romaut and Asti Banes and Favoigni Lord of Versellei of the Marquesate of Seva and Doviola late deceased for whose soul the King hath appointed Prayers and Service in the great Church of Paris at which place on Wednesday next in the afternoon shall be said the Vespers and Vigils for the dead to continue untill ten of the clock upon Thursday morning Wednesday the â—â— â—8 the Courts and incorporated bodies assembled in the said Church the train band of the City having worke enough to make way for them through the presse of people which was so great that the Church doores were forced to be kept shut for the space of an houre that time being spent to setch in the Kings order for those Vespers and Vigils which were said by the Deane Chanter and Canons in a dolefull tune agreeable to that mournfull action without sound of Musique in the Quire of the said Cathedrall The Quire was hung round with five severall rowes of The manner of the service with all Ceremonies black cloth and two of Velvet besides the benches seats chairs and pews which were covered as the high Altar and the ground spread with black cloth The body of the Church was so great that thousands of men there would have seemed but a small number yet that The first days service was hung round with two rowes of black cloth and one of Velvet to the great doore of the Church which was hanged double as was that also which led to the Archbishops Palace by a pair of winding staires which were covered with blacke as were the two Halls of the Palace both prepared for the receit of that company This was the first days work the next morning between eight and nine the same assembly met to attend the three yong Princes of Nemours the chief Mourners who expected them in the Palace Hall robed in black The office for the second day Gowns with long trains each of six els apiece born up by the Gentlemen The Master of the Ceremonies thence conducted them into the Quire having three Heralds going before him attended with their King at Armes before whom marched the 23 Cryers in the same habit as they had done the day before and among them 100 poore men in mourning Gowns and Hoods each carrying a lighted torch garnished with his deceased Highnesse his Armes and before all these the train band of the City having work enough to keepe off the multitude whose curiosity had drawne them thither in such troups that they pestered the way and hindred the Mourners who were to attend the Service and the Quire whither they came at last and there abode four houres together In a Gallery above them were placed the Officers of the Chamber of Accompts the Court of Aids and the Corporation of the City Opposite to them on the other side stood the prime President the Duke of Montbason the Counsellours of the Court and the Rector of the Vniversity attended with eight Beadles with their silver Maces covered with Cypresse which filled the lower end of the Quire The Queen was seated where she might see all and not be seen Madamosella and the princesse of Condy for their better conveniency were placed in the Archbishop's seat he being then absent The Popes Ordinary Nuncio was seated on a bench at the side of the Altar and the Venetian Embassadour by him the Embassador of Savoy being not able to attend by reason of the indisposition of his body many Bishops in their ordinary habits being seated on a bench at the great doore of the Quire and the rest of the space filled with people of all conditions and sexes The Office was performed by Routhiller coadjutor to the Archbishop of Tours who with de la Barde a With all the particular Ceremonies Canon of the Cathedrall which assisted him in black Velvet Copes garnished with the Armes of the deceased Duke celebrated Masse before the great Altar of the Quire which was adorned with many white wax tapers burning and garnished with double Escutchions of Or and Argent At the side of the said Altar a Cupboard was erected in forme of another Altar garnished with foure great Candlesticks one Crosse and the sacred Vessels required for that
the Dukes of Mirandula and Mantua ibid. The States purpose to warre 76 Breda besieged ibid. The description of the Towne ibid. The condition under severall Princes 77 The Avantguard under Henry Cassimire blocks it up ib. The Works begun 78 The Cardinall Infante seeks to releeve it ibid. Iohn de Nassau sent to descry the Princes posture ibid. Observing the Prince on his squadron he departeth 79 Henry Cassimire like to be surprized ibid. The Garrison sally out upon the Campe. ibid. The Princes order to keepe the Garrison in 80 Venlo taken by the Cardinall ib. Rouremond surrendred upon composition 81 The Articles of Breda 83 The Spanish designe upon the rode of S. Tropez failing 89 The Spanish Fleet surpriseth 10 Holland Ships bound for Genoa 91 The Genovesses seeke to have them restored but prevaile not Ib. The arrivall of Count Maurice at Pharnam-Boucq 92 His Victory at Porto Calvo Ib. The Gallies of Bisera pillaged the Sea-townes in the Kingdome of Naples 95 The Vizeroy of Naples provideth to serve them Ibid. Coriale pillaged by the pirates of Alger 96 The Bendetty in the Kingdome of Naples executed Ib. Diatelesma The second Part of these Summers Actions 1637 brought down and published as it was promised The Victory atchieved by the French in Languedock CHAP. I. A Private man is happy in a mediocrity of Fortune if he can content himselfe with having what is necessary and sufficient A Prince by seeking to enlarge his Territories not seldome draineth his Exchequer always increaseth his cares often his owne and his peoples sorrows The Catholike King might seeme to thrive the yeer past by his invasion of Picardie yet now should it come to an Audit his losses in France would it seemsâ— surmount his gain August â—â— â—â— the Count Cerbellon encamped before Laucate with an army as the French affirme of 16000 Cerbellonâ— encampeth before Laucate foot and 1800 horse an artillery of 70 peeces of Canon a great number of wagons loaden with amunition armes and other necessary instruments all which had been in preparing the space of two years with a purpose to surprizâ— some places of strength in Languedock the Spaniards themselves having seriously given it out that the King in person was to command that army The town is sited in the south of Languedock called by Caesar Gallia Narbonensis in a Peninsula about 15 English miles in circumference of a triangular forme bounded with rocks on the one side a salt Lake called Salses by the French on the second and the Mediterranean Sea on the third where there is a good Road for Gallies and Ships of a reasonable burden The situation The situation of Laucate of the place they adjudging that it would much advantage their incursions into Languedock caused Cerbellon to bring his Spanish troops before the Fort who first sounded the Governour the Lord de Baâ—ry offering him in hand as is written by some 50000 Crownes and promising him a yeerly pension of 6000 to betray it and in fine finding his loyalty to the Christian King his Master his constancy being revived by memory of the glorious death of his father formerly Governour Cerbellon gropeth the Goâ— of the same place who being taken by the Spaniard preferred the conservation of the Fort for the King his Masters service before his own life proceeded from treaty to violence to try if the walls could abide the thunder of his Ordnance and remayne as firme as the Governours heart which hee had found many a thousand double Pistolet proofe Like a wise Commander the Spanish Generall provided And failing of his end prepares to batter the Fort. first for his own security before hee attempted any offensive way against his Enemy ten days he spent in entrenching himself upon a lane of fifteene perches long the place being no way else accessible by reason of the salt Lake on the one side and a steep Rock-plum-down on the other side where because there was little store of earth he covered his trenches with a wall of stone and clay raised eight foot where the ground was highest and fourteen or fifteen where it was lower with a Ditch before it and a Mount behind it for the more convenient lodging of his Musquetiers Within his trenches he raised two Forts one called after his own name Cerbellon of four bastions another in a place called Franquie to which the lesser shipping and Gallies might arrive besides hee made many redoubts upon which he planted all his Canons except 14 peeces bearing bullets of 40 pounds weight which he drew neerer the Fort and divided into three batteries the first at Gran of six peeces the second of four Canons right against the only spring of sweet waters in the Peninsula many of his souldiers being compelled thither to relieve their necessities lost their lives in time of the siege and a third of the same number of Guns with the second raised neere the Bridge which is layed over the narrower chanell by which the salt Lake emptieth it self into the Mediterranean His batteries began with his entrenching but they were like the gentle distillations of some few drops of rain before a violent storm or the noyse of the gliding purling rivolets at the Spring-head compared to the roaring falls of Nilus in respect of what ensued after The Castle of Roqueford taken by Cerbellon His works being perfected he first seised of the Castle of Roquefort which hee garrisoned and fortified to command that passage and impeach the French forces which might be brought by the way of Narbonne and Defferecavall and next of the town of La Palme and so blockt up the way from Bordeaux and then played from all his batteries upon the besieged Citadell incessantly the besieged in the space of 30 days which the Spanish forces lay before the place having taken precise notice upon an exact account of 17000 Canon shot in the mean time making the best use he could of his Morteren and Grenadoes which did the defendants farre more harme then his Ordnance The Governour had set up his rest resolved to die before hee would surrender a piece of such importance to his Masters the Kings enemies and with the assistance of 300 men the number of his souldiers being increased to The Garrison re-enforced that height by the accesse of two Companies which were sent unto him by the Duke of Halewin Lievtenant Governour of that Province maintained the place bravely till the siege was raised and then affirmed that he should have been able to have holden out three weeks longer if the succours had not come in as they did so maturely Hee hid not but secured himselfe by the strength of the Fort from the assailants violence But there is no cause of confidence in bulwarks and walls of stone Famine will scale them in the end though the Enemies Ordnance cannot bore them the Duke of Hale-win held this position for an Aphorisme and employed all care summoned up
the whole adjoyning territory It was well manned according to the proportion of its capacity 120 souldiers and thirty peasants being layd into it and better victualled and this was the first place where hee imployed his forces Tupadell his Generall Major was sent before with the avantguard of his Army to surround it the Duke imagining that such an apparition would be so terrible to the defendants as to make them prepare for a capitulation The issue was otherwise the besieged saw but a small number of Enemies and by the benefit of the Fort thought themselves strong enough to grapple with them they imagined that the Duke was confined to a day and place elsewhere and would not stay to bring the body of his Army thither and in this confidence scoffed at the Generall Major as if he had undertaken a businesse which he could not accomplish But se Mâ—cque qui cloque they had no cause to scorne him the avantguard which presented it selfe before the Fort was but as a flash of lightning before a thunder-clap two days after the Duke himselfe came downe in person Which yiel upon discretion with the mayn body of his army spent 100 great shot against the Castle forced the Garrison to yield upon discretion made all the souldiers prisoners of warre with their Captain Tournon Major of Gray and an Alfieres which commanded them The peasants were dismissed and might have passed freely had they not been discovered to have concealed some Pistolets which Some peasants to secure their gold losâ— both mony and lives were given to the souldiers as lawful pillage Like those Iews when Hierusalem was besieged by Titus Vespatian they had shrined up some gold in their bowels and that treasure which should have served for their livelihood was the cause of death to some of them the souldiers apprehending them and ripping up their bellies to find that Mine and had been to all if the Duke had not interposed and restrained them from proceeding so cruelly Champlete another Fort which much endamaged the Kings Country stood next in his way and this hee first summoned by a trumpet Iune 1â— â—0 and the day following by six Canons which forced the Garrison to surrender and redeeme their baggage with a good and Champlite surrendred to D. Bernh proportionable ransome and then the way being cleered and these Castle committed to French presidiaries a part of our Army marched directly towards the River of Soaneâ— with order to encampe about the towne of Briot till the day following which time he himselfe came to them with the troops which attended him It is the souldiers glory to encounter with difficulties and the Duke of Weymar met with much opposition on his march but never shunned it The Colonel Mercy in behalfe of Charles Duke of Lorrain with 13 Regiments of horse and four of foot though not compleat Mercy with 17 Regiments opposeth the D. passage over â—â—an ones had planted himselfe on the East side of the River to hinder the Almain Duke and his French retinew from passing it Tydings of the Lorrainers designe were brought him by the Vantcurriers of his Army and he immediatly put his men into battalia and marched directly towards the River point blanke against the place a Village where the Enemies Army lay on the other side of the water The sight of the foe standing to dispute his passage with arguments of steel raysed his bloud not to an unadvised anger which should make him neglect counsell and without respect of danger cause him to go on desperatly but to a well regulated emulation and that expressed in action his valiant heart being therby inflamed to make strong and speedy resistance against such a daring Antagonist At once he both drew out a Squadron of horse and ordered them to assay the passage and beat off the Lorraiuers Dragoons which lay intrenched beyond the flood and planting eight Canons upon an hill neere the Village levelled them against the Lorrainers Camp which Duke Bernh encounters him making some slaughter of his men the Cavallary sent to that purpose having happily passed the stream twice discharging upon the Dragoons being seconded by some Musquetiers which waded up to the arm-holes to succour their friends cleered the passage D. Charles his Dragoons perceiving almost 100 of their companions slain upon the place amongst which was their prime Commander the Generall Major of that Regiment 100 wounded and some taken prisoners retyring to an hill for their better safety But the change of ground could not secure them from the devouring sword which pursued them the whole body of the French Cavallary without delay made over to their Companions and Colonell Rosa Lievtenant of the Alman Dukes life-guard having found a more fordeable cut brought that off Regiment of 800 men through the stream to those who had passed it before which flankerd or side-ways assaulted the Lorrainers forces whilest the French Cavallary them in fronâ— neere the Village d' Arralogne The battaile might have proved doubtfull if all Duke Charles his men had been sonnes of one mother if all had but the like courage to three Almayn Regiments which stood to it stoutly maintained the sight valiantly alone by the space of an hour And gets the victory after the rest were sled But the tergiversation of those fugitives lost the day the Germans in the end too were compelled to give ground by an orderly retreat from one Hill to another keeping their ranks unbroken and themselves from the Massacre till being brought to a straight passage and roughly assaulted they disbanded in great confusion exposing themselves their friends to the sword or captivity and their baggage for a prize to their Enemy The summe of all was thus The Lorrainers and Burgundians the other part of D. Charles his Army sled to the neighbour Towns and Castles to save themselves but to the great damage of their entertainers the town of Giz whither the major part of Giz yielded upon discretion them fled for shelter was surrounded immediatly by the German Duke who Iune 15 25 constrained both it and some other small Castles where hee found good store of viands to yield upon discretion only the Fort of The Commander in St. Loup hanged up Saint Loup held out two days longer to the paine of the Governour who then yielding upon such conditions as the victor should prescribe him after the surrendry justice over-ruling mercy was hanged according to the Law of Armes for his sawcinesse in presuming to hold a place so weakly fortified against so puissant an army All the three German Regiments 50 persons only The issue and effect of the battell excepted were slain or brought into captivity 500 dead corpses of them being found upon the place and 900 known to be taken prisoners besides such as were kept secret by the souldiers for their ransoms and 3000 horses gained by this victory The prisoners of note were these First the
Braggart He which before might have had any honourable conditions granted him if hee would have desired them now began to beg for his And taken by the Count of Medovy Governour of Montbeliard life and baggage and that being denied by the Leaguer which would not then being so farre advanced be tied to Covenants and thus distressed fearing to be surprized in the Fury the issue wherof is fatall hee submitted without articling to the assiegeants mercy The wheele of fortune turns in a moment the spoake that erst was highest is presently lowest The Sunne but two houres since saw this Governour commanding like a petit Prince out-braving his Enemy and returning words of defiance to the others admonition and now sees him a Captive The Governour hanged a slave marked for death manacled and led to execution the Count of Medovy so adjudging it that because the Garrison expected the Canon and had done many out-rages with execrable cruelty in the vicinage the Governour should be hanged before the Castle gate the Souldiers be made prisoners of Warre if they would not serve under his Colours which they did to recover their libertie were transmitted to Duke Beruhards Army and dispersed into severall Regiments that being severed they might not consult to run away The Castle was not great of building but of some importance the prize therof secured the harvest of that territory as far as to Neufchastell and opened the way for the French Garrisons to make an inroad into the Mountain of Burgundy It is but folly for man amongst the multitudes of so many vanities as attend mortality to expect perpetuall felicity Some molestations are still calling us to their embraces and sorrowes will intervene to season our merriments The German Duke was not so much joyed in his atchievements as dejected by the death of his bosome friend Ponica a man whom above all other he had The death of Ponica D Bernhards bosome friend chosen out to participate of his secrets being both wise in counsell and valiant in action He was taken from him by a violent feaver in the midst of July and his embalmed body was reserved in the Camp till the Duke went to the Rhine and then it was honourably interred at Basill Nor was the Christian King without his Crosse though his forces abroad on the thriving hand an insurrection at home by the Croquans in Pirigort and the miserable devastation of Towres the Metropolis of Turena upon the Loire by a strange sudden tempest much disturbed him The dammage at Tours was unevitable it proceeded A strange tempest at Tours not from the hostile Armes of an open enemy nor the mutinies of rebels but permission of the divine power against which there is not a thought of contestation to be entertained The thing was full of admiration progresse and period It was a great calme with a little raine when sodainly two dark clowds met together which belched out a winde intermingled with fire and raised such a tempest as hath not been known in the memory of man It was first perceived neere the wood S. Cosme where it tore up the trees by the roots and as in a moment drive them to divers places and thence extending it selfe to the City overturned the most part of the houses in the towne and suburbs particularly that of La Rich which had not a chimney left standing nor a piece of the roofe to couer it not sparing the Churches S. Julians besides the shattered windowes having one of the steeples laid flat to the earth and the other broke off in the middle two of Saint Gratians Pyramids being blowne downe with the windowes of S. Peter du Boyle the Dormitory and chimneys of Marmonstiâ—r a pannell of the wall in the Carmelites cloyster with so much more losse as cannot well be repaired with one hundred thousand French crownes This was the progresse yet the end was more wonderfull both in its time of duration and the bounds of the tempest It was supposed to be raised by some damned Sorcerer who by the assistance of the Prince of the ayre had caused this outrage The instrument of this desolation was limited both to time place and persons the time lasted not above halfe a quarter of an houre the Hericano so we may call it though the true one was never seene in Europe did not dilate it selfe beyond the City and the Southerne banks of the Loyre where it rent up some few trees nor killed any save only two men which in a kinde of diffidence in the divine providence were going to shelter themselves in the Tower S. Hugon their eyes having beheld that strong place cast down by the violence of the storme before their deaths the supreame Majesty reading a lecture to us all by their destruction when they sought for preservation that the assured meanes of temporall safety are not in our election and that it is meere vanity to oppose his omnipotency His Majesties troubles by the mutinous rebels were Buffara a Weaver raiseth a commotion in Perigot within his power to remedy The heads of such intestine commotions are commonly base fellowes neither fit for counsell in peace nor command in warre Jack Straw Cade and Wat Tylâ—r in England were formerly knowne the ringleaders in such insurrections and now Buffara a Weaver in Perigot overshooting his shuttle would be a stickler in state businesse and convoking some peasants men of desperate fortunes and more desperate mindes by an heape of words ill couched but plausibly uttered spake thus unto them Is there any difference betwixt the King and us we By an ill woven speech to the Peasants have the shape of men as well as he His greatnesse is supported by us whose shoulders must beare the heavy weight of all his impositions if we will continue in subjection to that too grievous a burden There is scarse one of us but may know the sweetnesse of liberty wee have bin apprentices or hired servants and then feeling the scourge of our masters over us we desired to be our owne men the expiration of some few yeares delivered us from that servitude and we rejoyced in that liberty But what got we thereby A slavery far above the former while we lived with our Masters their purses bore our charges we neither cared for house-rent nor parish duties we did our worke tooke our ordinary repasts and rest not caring for the morrow Now we are Masters but worse slaues then formerly we carke and labour sit up late and rise early and hardly can maintaine our families yet must be taxed with such burthens as we cannot support to maintaine a warre undertaken for pleasure not profit to the Kingdome The King hath provoked an enemy with whom hee might have had peace and Wee must suffer for it We see the Frontiers of this Kingdome invaded the Spaniard hath got some footing in Guyenne Languedock Province and Picardie it is to be thought he will goe on and
with the Christian children in the street the next morning told how Macabe had assassinated two Franciscans hid their carcasses The words of the child caused this truth to be suspected amongst the inhabitants who seeing the Friers go into the Iews house and not hearing of their return came together forced open his gates searched for their bodies and found them as the child had told and therupon apprehended the whole Family the child only excepted and the Actors by sentence The Iews condemned and executed of the Senate at Turin were all burned alive Octob. 2. 12 their goods consiscate the one part to the use of the Duchesse Regent and the other to the child which revealed the murder and turned Christian and received Baptisme The Fabrick of the State of Italy did seeme to totter this last Summer the great Bishop was twice struck The Popes sicknesse and recovery with a palsie and the Cardinall Barberino his Nephew by his appointment governed as a Vice-pope during his weaknesse to the grievance of the whole Conclave The Cardinall of Savoy Comprotector of Spain and de Medicis supposing his sicknesse mortall laboured to promote the Cardinall Sansisto to the Papacy but Vrban recovered was informed of each particular which had hapned assembled the Conclave created eleven new Cardinals and yet liveth Sansisto which was designed for his successor being dead before him The Family of the Dukes de Mirandola is quite extinguished their was but one lest of that name and he an illegitimate who having obtained by the intercession of his The death of the Dukes of Mirandula and Mantua Friends the investiture of that Duchy is dead since without issue The Duke of Mantua hath yielded to Fate CHAP. IV. The Actions and Occurrences in the Netherlands WArre if once begun spreadeth like a Canker A Prince engaged in armes hath commonly a troubled State and restlesse head his Enemy waits all opportunities and unlesse providence guide him hee can finde security no where The Cardinall Infant stood like a common bounder between two Enemies the French upon the South and East of the Provinces under his care made an invasion upon him the Vnited States upon the North did the like and now to fortisie himself first he caused the City of Hulst to double their Palisadoes and renew their Fortifications and then the Garrisons of Mechlen Lyre Breda and the other places in Flanders and Brabant where his old souldiers were wintered he drew out such Forces and Amunition as was thought fit to withstand them The beginning of Iune the Princes Rendevouz was appointed 80 Boates were The States proparation for warre sent from Bergenapzohm to Ramekens the Enginers were sent to Nimminghem the Frizelanders met at Emerick the Cardinall Infant fortifying in the interim Stivensworth Gennep and other places and sending the Avantguard of his Horse from Antwerp towards Flanders His Highnesse the Prince of Orange kept his designe secret some thought it had bin for Brugez others for Hulst but none imagined nor could tell certainly whither they tended About the end of Iune his Forces met together were shipped at Gorcum and though the winde blew hard and caused some tempest arrived Iuly the seventh new stile at the Keel Free Camp was then published about the Rhine all Excizes taken off the Army then assembling together to attend his Highnes Breda besieged pleasure Some time he staid upon the Vlack before Ramekens and till the 19 of Iuly no man had any particular knowledge of his meaning then it was first discovered to Prince Henry Cassimere of Nassaw who with the Vantguard of his Army led on towards Breda The name of the Town is dignified with the honour of a Baronry is situate in the Country of Kempen which is on part of the Province of Brabant between The description of the Towne Lyre Antwerp Bergenapzohm Tourn-hoult Hogstraten Stievenbergen and Gertrudenberg seven leagues from each of the two first places five from the third foure from the fourth three from the fifth and two from the last and hath under it seventeene Villages besides the Towns of Stiven-berg Rosendendall and Osterhoult It was the ordinary residence of the Princes of the house of Nassaw to whom it fell in the yeer 1404 by the inter-marriage of Englebert a Prince of that Family with Iane the Inheritrix of that Territory It s condition under severall Princes The Princes of that Race held it peaceably till the yeer 1567 at which time William of Nassaw was constrained by the Duke of Alva to leave it till the yeer 1577 at which time he was newly possessed of it and kept it four yeers till that Iune 15 25 1585 when driven out by violence he again left it to the Spaniards who kept it till the fourth of March 1590 at which time Captain Heranger surprized it by a Turf-boat which covered some force of men underneath Grobendonk in the yeer 1599 laboured to surprize it but failed yet the Marquesse Spinola took it by Famine in the yeer 1625 Iuly the fifth new stile after a siege of ten moneths 22 days since which time the Spaniards have kept it with a strong Garrison which troubling the whole adjoyning Territory and hindring all trade by the neighbouring Rivers the Prince of Orange now resolved to besiege it This was the motive which impelled him to this Enterprize for prosequution wherof he used this method The Prince Henry Cassimere of Nassaw was sent before with the Vantguard of his Army consisting of 44 Cornets of horse and 80 Companies of Foot to begirt it round which hee did Iuly 13 â—â— driving away all the cattell that fed in the medows neer it his Highnesse in person the next day comming before the Towne with The Avantguard under Prince Henry Cassimire blocks it up the body of his Army consisting of 40 Cornets of horse more and 230 Companies of Foot and above 100 pieces of canon having before given order for 8 ships men of warre to guard the Chanell from Gertrudenberg to Stieven-bergen that he might have a sure passage to victuall his Army by that River he began with prayers and caused supplication to be made through all the Provinces of the Vnited States for an happy happy issue of that designe Their devotions once over he fell to work drew out the lines of his trenches following the Marquesse Spinola his plot-forme imployed 8000 Boores in the work and appointed their quarters to the Colonels The works begun taking his own at Ginniken assigning the Count William of Nassaw to the Village of the Hague Colonell Morgan to lie upon the way towards Autwerpe betwixt his owne quarter and the Count Williams Count Henry Cassimere Governour of Vriesland being enquartered at the Heyde and the Duke of Bovillon at Tetringen and Heusenheut The Spanish Cardinall by this had notice of what the Prince intended and loth to lose so fair a Gem as Breda with an Army of 14000
free The Camp-master sent with speed to the Generall to informe him of what had been done who the same day hee received his intelligence July 15 25 marched thither with the Vicount d' Arpajoux viewed the place notwithstanding three Faulcons shot discharged against him planted the Regiment of Normandie under Where they are besieged forced to yield the town wall from whence they made their daily approches to the Castle being supported and relieved by the other Regiments of the army successively Sixteen days siege the Castle held out and then wanting water and afflicted with postilence yielded upon this condition that the souldiers 48 in number the remaynder which had escaped the Sword and Pestilence should depart with one Captain and one Serjeant and their wives the Drum beating and without baggage and so be convayed to Bleterans It was granted them they were dismissed with a Convoy of 100 Musquetiers and 50 horse to Bleterant the inhabitants being made prisoners of warre An unexperienced Navigator to avoid Scylla falls into Charybdis one extremity drives unadvised soules into a worse like the fish which to avoid the frying pan leaps into the fire the true Hierogly phicke of these poore soules which by leaving Saint Lawrence de la Roche thought themselves secured in the choice of Bleterans whither they had a safe convoy safe as for the way not as for a sure shelter that being the next place of note and strength which the Duke meant to engirt with his Forces Criticall prognosticks of the issue preceded the Fate of that City the French omitted to do nothing which might be for their advantage and the inhabitants admitted all things which conduced to their own prejudice Bleteran in danger of a siege the hearts of the inhabitants fayled them the best and wealthiest Citizens tooke up a resolution to save their persons and best goods in Dole and yet changed their counsell presently fearing what they had just cause to suspect to be surprized by the way though they were to be conducted by a Convoy The Count of Guebriant Field-marshall to the Duke of Rohan had notice of their first intention by Letters intercepted from a peasant who was intrusted with that portage to Dole leaving the Campeat Chilly August 1 11 went to way-lay them An ambuscado hee prepared upon the way expecting The Burgesses prepare to slie each minute the waggons which were to carry their wealth listned after the Bels and the Carters whistles sent out his Scouts to descry them yet neither could the eyes of his Spies nor his own diligent harkening bring him any assurance of his hope They neither did nor intended to stirre at that time perplexed knotty doubts had staggered their resolve something they meant to do to that purpose but neither knew nor could conclude Guebriant way lays them and they not comming abroad of the How or the When to do it securely Guebriant would no longer attend the Citizens but by a devise thought to inveagle the Garrison and draw the military men into the trap which hee had laid for the Burgesses his party consisted of 200 light horse and 100 Dragoons ten of his Cavaliers hee sent abroad to surprize the Peasants which by night were imployed Addresseth a stratagem to surprize the Garrison That failing he takes in Iosseau a Castle to bring home the crop of the Earth thinking by this means to make the souldiers issue out for their succour and so to entangle them the French horsmen did their part surprized thirty peasants when they had loaden their horses with corn and by bright day light deeming that the presidiaries would come abroad to relieve and release the Captives marched with these prisoners hard by the Counter-scarpe All this would not do the Garrison sent some Cannon-shot after them but would not pursue them The Count thus frustrated of his expectation rose from his ambush and marched directly to the Castle of Iousseau which he reached by noon being but three leagues from Bleteran and though it was a place of good strength rounded with a Moate foure perches broad eight foot deep of water flanked with four good towres and fortified by a countermure had it surrendred unto him at his first appearing upon discretion Where Valour and Counsell leads Fortune attends and crownes the designe with a prosperous issue Jousseau by the change of the Lord had some alteration of its Lawes a French Garrison was presently put into it which must stand in opposition to the townes with which the Castle lately had commerce and correspondence and that done the Field-marshall went to Loges another Fort within half a league of the And the Fort de Loges former which he summoned took in and then prepared for his speedy returne to the Army But one raw morsell the fayling of his first project at Bleterans was not yet digested hee still concluded that hee had done nothing worthy himselfe in that expedition if he did no Addresseth a new stratagem for the Garrison of Bleterans more to allure the presidiaries in Bleterans out of the town hee marched in their open sight with his army towards the Camp leaving five or six Dragoons behind him with instructions that when it might be imagined that the mayn body of his Forces were marched a two houres journey they should arise from the place where they lay hid drive away all the cattle which were grasing neer the City and if the Garrison did pursue them they should with a secure but not over-hasty pace go on to such a place where hee would lay some Carabins to save them and surprize the pursuing Enemy The actions of his men and the Event answered his directions The Dragoons turned Drovers and the Garrison seeing the cattle which were their maintenance driven away by that maniple of men sent out 40 horse and 50 Musquetiers to recover them the Dragoons at the first drave on faire and gently till they saw the bait had taken and then mending their pace And surprised a part of the presidiaries but observing such a distance as might keep them out of the reach of the Enemies Musquets and give the purfuers hope to over-take them led them on to their Fate the wood where Vilette lurked with his Carabins which sodainly and roundly fell upon them and at the first charge cut them all in pieces but 15 who begged quarter and obtained it and five Cavallieres whose Steeds stood them in more stead then their swords and by their speed saved their Riders and themselves in Bleterans This atchievement satisfied him for the present he was well provided to give an account to the Generall of his doings and now returned to the Campe then at Ruffey where before his comming in the Duke of Bleterans besieged Longueville being re-enforced with 12 fresh Companies of the Regiment de Castel-moron had concluded to besiege Bleterans and had sent Vandy the Camp-master and Marsin a new Colonell
raised to that honour by the death of the Liegois Blâ—queroy which died of the plague at Chalon with 60 Musquetiers and 200 men at armes to burn down the Milâ— upon the River and described which they did accordingly The town is situated in the County of Burgundie in figure square consisting of 600 Families with one fair street which extends it selfe from the East end to the West and many lesser streets and lanes abutting upon it A four-square Castle guarded with a double ditch four great towres at the foure corners and foure others upon the firme land betwixt the two Moats stands like a Bulwarke at one Angle of the City which being strong by nature built in the middle of a Moorasse whither the Cannon could not have been drawn had not the drought paved the ground must now entertain these new guests which came to visit it it stood alone for the Spaniard the neighbouring Forts and places of The Castle of Fontenay surrendred strength had submitted to the Christian King Fontenay honoured still by the birth of S. Bernhard which held out last being taken in by Guebriant after three Cannons shot against it Some days were spent in intrenching the Army raising of batteries making of Gabeonnadoes and approches Aug. 16 26 was the first day when the platforme of the siege was drawn and Aug. 21 â—1 the Duke having spent 600 Cannon-shot in the foure preceding days against the walls and made a breach of 25 paces in length first summoned the City and the Garrison at first demanding three dayes respite to acquaint the Lievtenant Generall of Burgundy with the particulars of their estate and upon the Generals deniall of The town of Bleterans taken their request telling him plainly that they were able to guard the breach and would not yield he concluded to assault it and did so the same day and carried it by force maugre the resistance of 300 Alman Souldiers which lay therin in whom the inhabitants put a strange considence for their valour shewed at Saverne and in the fury put 200 men of the inhabitants whom he found in armes to the sword but preserved the lives and honours of 300 women which implored his grace inclosing them in a Sanctuary till the violence of the raging tempest was over The Castle served as a place of retreat to the Garrison and held out till Sept. 2. new stile when the Defendants The besieged slie to the Castle where they capitulate and surrender desired to capitulate sent out an hostage to that effect the Master of their Ordnance received another from the Campe Mico Lievtenant of the Regiment of Anguien and after much scruple and many difficulties obtained these conditions I. THat the Souldiers should have liberty to depart with their armes baggage one Dum beating bullet in mouth and lighted matches II. That they might carry with them two field-peeces such as should be assigned them by the Duke of Longueville III. That they should be furnished with waggons to transport their baggage sicke and wounded men IV. That they should have a Convoy with security to Dole Lastly that the inhabitants which had retired into the Castle should freely go whither they pleased and as many as would stay in the town should take an oath of allegeance to the Christian King All which were accepted and the Garrison having stayed two dayes to pack up their trinkets marched out Sept. 5 new stile 300 in all the most Almans which took service under the French and the other Comtois who according to the treaty were conducted to Dole by 150 French Cavalliers The Actions and Occurrences in Piemont Montferrat Millanois and generally throughout Italy THe departure of the Duke de Rohan from the Valtoliue not only promoted the Spanish designes among the Grisons and Valteliuers the Grisons challenging Troubles amongst the Grisons after Rohans departure a jurisdiction over the Valteliners which they deny and the Marquesse of Leganez Governour of Millain fishing in those troubled waters interposing as a stickler in that controversie which is not yet agreed of but strengthened the Marquesses hands against the Duke of Savoy in the Principality of Piemont and Montferrat his united forces of 20000 foot and 5000 horse because there was no Enemy to flank him being brought down against the Duke before the French succours under the command of Crequy could be brought in to his assistance The Dukes Army which should make head against the Spanish hoast was but a small one 5000 foot and 1500 horse yet so well disposed and ordered that with this small number hee guarded his Dominions from that universall devastation which threatned them Leganez Governour of Millain goeth into the field though with losse of some places till the French came in to relieve him Leganez appearing in field at Novarra Iune 6 new stile Grequy not reaching the Duke till Iune 14 â—4 eighteen days after when hee arrived opportunely at Cassall the Spanish Marquesse before the French came in having threatned to besiege it At Novarra the Marquesse divided his Army into three parts one was to stay with him here the second was sent into the Lomeline and the third under Gildas towards Nisse de la Paille which was the first place The Spanish Army is divided into three parts he aimed at the victory there being prepared for him before his comming by the trechery of the inhabitants who by private intelligences had invited him to come before it and promised to surrender it in despight of the Governour and the Garrison A traitor in a State is like a Serpent in the bosome fatall if fostered and unremoved The Duke of Savoy knew not the secret practice betwixt those Rebels and his Enemies but regarded them as subjects and was carefull for their preservation Vpon the first bruit of Gildas his comming downe he dispatcht thither wards two companies of light horse one consisting of 80 and the other of 40 Cavalliers who came into the town May 31 June 10 before day and receiving intelligence that the Spaniards were then at Ancisa a place fast by sent out some Vant-curriers to discover their number and posture who returning with an answer that the Army consisted of 4000 foot 1200 horse and some Dragoons these Cavallieres resolved to visit them and skirmished Gildas sent towards Nisse le pâ—glâ— with them all that day being secured from much damage by the Canons of the towne which played advantageously upon the Campe and at night were received into the City by the Governour who disposed them into their severall places to defend the City The night nursing mother of those deeds of darknesse first caused the evill affection of the Citizens towards the Duke their lawfull Prince to be suspected when Gildas assaulting an half-moon neer the Cloyster of the Capuchins carried it by the slacknesse of the defendants who inclining to his party did as good as surrender it without opposing him and suffered his Cavallary