deceased 1303. 7. Catharine to Otho Duke of Bavaria deceased 1285. And 8. Euphemia a profess'd Nun in the Austrian Covent at Tolne Of the Male Issue only three liv'd to be Men viz. 1. Albert the First Archduke of Austria born July 29. 1242. of whom more in the next Section 2. Hartmanus a Prince of excellent Endowments but lost in passing the Rhine as he was going to meet his Father in the 18th Year of his Aâ—e An. 1280. 3. Rudolph the Second Duke of Schwaben who married Agnes Daughter of Ottocar King of Bohemia on whom he begot a posthumous Son named John who proved afterwards the Murderer of his Uncle Albert the Emperour for which he was thrust into a Monastery where he died in 1313. § III. Thus we see how Albert the First surnam'd Monoculus from his having but one Eye the other being lost by Poison in his youth was the only Propagator of the Austrian Race who having vanquish'd the Emperour Adolph of Nassau set the Imperial Diadem on his own Head He had likewise good success in his Wars with the Electors of the Rhine His Empress was Elizabeth the Duke of Carinthia and Earl of Tyrol and Goritia's Daughter who bore him one and twenty Children Nevertheless he came to an unnatural Death in the heighth of his Felicity being kill'd by his Nephew John May 1. 1308. His Issue that survived were 1. Agnes married to Andrew the third King of Hungary 1296. deceased 1364. 2. Elizabeth married to Fredereck the third Duke of Lorrain in 1312. deceased 1353. being the Mother of six and twenty Children 3. Anne married to Hermannus Marquess of Brandenburg and after his decease to Henry the sixth Duke of Breslaw She died 1361. 4. Catharine espoused by the Emperour Henry of Luxenburg but he being poisoned in Iraly by a Monk she was afterwards married to Charles Duke of Calabria Heir apparent to the Kingdom of Naples and departed this life in 1324. 5. Gutta married to Lewis the seventh Earl of Oetingen in Schwaben deceased 1328. 6. Rudolph elected King of Bohemia but died an untimely death and without Issue An. 1307. 7. Frederick the Fair elected Emperour in 1314. and Crown'd by the Elector of Cologne Nevertheless making War upon Lewis of Bavaria who pretended to the same Dignity he was defeated An. 1324. and imprison'd by him for the space of three Years and then not set at liberty but on condition he should renounce all Pretensions to the Imperial Authority retaining only the Title He departed this life without Male Issue in the Year 1330. 8. Leopold the First Duke of Schwaben Landtgrave of Alsace Earl of Tyrol c. He attempted his Brother Frederick's releasment by Magick but in vain He began a War with the Swiss but was likewise unsuccessful in that His Dutchess was Isabel Daughter to Amadeus Duke of Savoy by whom he had only Daughters 9. Henry surnamed The Mild deceased without Issue Male in the Year 1327. having in this the same fate with Frederick and Leopold 10. Otho Duke of Stiria styled The Delight of his Subjects who had two Wives and by them two Sons but both died in their Infancy And 11. Albert surnamed The Wise in whose Issue alone the Austrian Family was preserv'd § IV. This Albert quitting his Cloyster married the Lady Joan sole Heiress to the Earldom of Pfirte He likewise founded St. Stephen's Church at Vienna and departed this life in the Year 1338. leaving Issue 1. Margaret married to Mienhard Earl of Tyrol and after his decease to Otho Marquess of Brandenburg 2. Agnes to Henry the second Duke of Silesia 3. Catharine profess'd a Nun. 4. Frederick the Second kill'd by a chance Shot a Hunting An. 1362. 5. Rudolph the Fourth deceased likewise without Issue 6. Albert the Third and last of all 7. Leopold the Second of whom more in the next Section Albert the Third in the Division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother Leopold had Austria Stiria and Carinthia for his Lot in which he was succeeded by his Son Albert the Fourth surnam'd The Patient who by Joan Daughter of Albert Duke of Bavaria had Albert he Fifth a very fortunate Prince who not to mention his excellent Endowments of Mind was in the space of one Year inaugurated in the Bohemian Hungarian and Imperial Crowns An. 1438. before which the Marquisate of Moravia had been given him in Dowry with his Wife Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperour Sigismund whom he succeeded in the Empire by the Name of Albert the Second He was imbroil'd in a War with the Hussites Moreover he undertook an Expedition against the Turks to put a stop to their Inroads into Hungary but was prevented by Death which seized him in his Camp and lies buried at Alba Regalis After his death the Empress was brought to bed of a posthumous Son named Uladislaus who succeed him in the Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary but died likewise an untimely Death in 1457. in the seventeenth Year of his Age. § V. Look we back therefore to Leopold the Second who in the division of Lands above-mention'd 'twixt his Brother and him obtain'd Schwaben and Alsace He had sharp Wars with the Swiss by whom his Army was routed and himself slain at the Battel of Sempach An. 1386. His four Sons were 1. William a Prince of great Courage deceased Childless 1406. 2. Leopold the Third who had the same fate with his Brother though married to Carathine Daughter of Philip the Bald Duke of Burgundy 3. Frederick the Third who labour'd under many Hardships by reason of Pope John the Two and twentieth Upon whose account he was excommunicated by the Council of Constance and proscribed and outed of all his Territories by the Emperour Sigismund Nevertheless being again received to Grace he was re-invested in the Counties of Tyrol and Alsace but cou'd never recover Schwaben His first Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of the Emperour Rupert by whom he had only a Daughter of its Mother's Name which died in its Infancy But on his second Dutchess which was Anne Daughter of Frederick Duke of Brunswick he begat a Son named Sigismund a great Lover of Letters thence styled The Meâ—oenas of learned Men Twice married yet deceased without Issue 4. Ernestus Ferreus or Ironside the only Propagater of the Austrian Race married first to Margaret Daughter of Boleslaus Duke of Pomerania and then to Cimburg Daughter to the Duke of Mosovie which last bore him nine Children whereof four at least liv'd to be of Age namely margaret married to Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony Catharine to Charles Marquess of Baden Frederick the Fourth And Albert the Sixth surnam'd The Prodigal excommunicated and proscribed as Author of several Tumults and Seditions He died 1463. § VI. Frederick the Fourth but third Emperour of that Name was elected Emperour in 1440. Crown'd at Aix la Chapelle in 1442. and ten Years after at Rome by Pope Nicholas the Fitch He had Vienna taken from him by
Massacre at Paris This Prince had Poets in great esteem and sometimes wrote Verses himself He composed a Poem on Stag-Hunting to which Recreation he was given to a fault Of all his Sanctions that is most remarkable which he publish'd for reforming the Computation of the Year For whereas all other Nations began their Year from the Feast of the Circumcision the French alone commenced theirs from Easter which was alter'd by this King He departed this Life 1574. in the flower of his Age after a long and painful Sickness His Queen was Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperour Maximilian II. who bore him only a Daughter nam'd Mary Elizabeth born 1572. deceased 1578. 6. Henry III. born Sept. 19. 1551. elected King of Poland 1573. Crown'd King of France 1574. murdered by James Clement a Dominican Friar Aug. 2. 1589. leaving no Issue 7. Francis Duke of Alençon and Brabant born 1554. deceased a Batchellor 1584. 8. Margaret married in 1572. to Henry IV. King of Navarre and afterwards of France divorc'd from him 1600. deceased 1615. 9. Victoria and Twins born and dead the same Year viz. 1556. 10. Joan Twins born and dead the same Year viz. 1556. Of the Line of Bourbon § XIII MAtter 's being thus far clear'd and discuss'd we shall now bring Robert V. Son of Lewis IX once more on the Stage having been already mention'd in Sect. 4. Numb 7. His eldest Son's Name was Lewis Count de Clermont and Duke of Bourbon and his Grandson's James de Bourbon Count de la Marche and Ponthieu Constable of France who died in the Year 1362. being Father of John Count de la Marche who succeeded him and begat 1. James II. Count de la Marche King of Naples who died 1438 having had by Beatrix Daughter of Charles III. King of Navarre only a Daughter that surviv'd him namely Eleanor married to Bernhard d'Armanac Count de Pardiac 2. Lewis de Bourbon Count de Vendôme of whom a little below 3. Anne married to John de Berry Count de Montpensier and after his decease to Lewis Barbatus Duke of Bavaria 4. Mary to John de Beine Baron de Croix 5. Charlotte to John King of Cyprus she died 1487. 6. John de Bourbon Baron de Carency whose Posterity became extinct in John de Bourbon Baron de Carency much about the Year 1493. As for Lewis the second Son he begat John de Bourbon Count de Vendôme who was Father of Francis de Bourbon Count de Vendôme born 1470 and Lewis de Bourbon Prince de la Roche sur Yâ—n which Branch of the Family fail'd in Henry de Bourbon Duke of Montpellier An. 1608. Francis the elder Brother departed this Life 1493. having begat Charles Duke de Vendôme born 1489. deceased 1534. This Charles had many Children by Frances d'Alençon Dutchess of Beaumont Francis Duke of Longueville's Widow whereof ten whose Names follow liv'd to be Men and Women viz. 1. Margaret born 1516. married to Francis Duke of Cleves 1538. 2. Anthony Duke de Vendòme and King of Navarre of whom in the next Section 3. Francis Count d'Enghien born 1519. deceased without Issue 1546. 4. Magdalen Lady Abbess of Poictiers 5. Charles born 1523 and promoted to the Cardinalate in 1566. He was likewise made Bishop of Roan and died May 9. 1590. 6. Catharine and Lady Abbesses of Secession and Chelles 7. Renata Lady Abbesses of Secession and Chelles 8. John Duke d'Enghien born 1528. deceased 1557. 9. Lewis Prince de Conde of whose most Noble Progeny we shall speak in the XV. Section of this Chapter 10. Eleaner born 1535. deceased 1611. § XIV We now return to Anthony Duke of Vendôme Son of Charles Duke of Vendôme as is objected just above He was born in the Year 1518. and performed many Noble and great Actions in the Service and under the Auspices of Francis I. and Henry II. Kings of France After the death of his Father in-Law Henry II. King of Navarre whose only Daughter and Heiress Joan d'Albret he had married he possess'd himself of that Kingdom and the Principality of Bern or at least as much of â—em as the Spamards had left him He was more than once in great danger of his Life from the Guisian Faction yet died a natural death in 1562. leaving Issue a Son and a Daughter namely 1. Catharine married to Henry Duke of Lorrain Jan. 30. 1599. deceased 1604. And 2. Henry IV. surnam'd The Great King of France and Navarre born 1553. The Greatness of whose Actions has totally eclipsed the Glory of the most famous Monarch that ever Rul'd in France In the Fifteenth Year of his Age he was Head of the Protestants in France At Nineteen he went to the French Court at Paris being invited to be present at those tragick Nuptials infamous through the whole World for the treacherous and bloody Massacre of so many thousand Innocent and Noble Persons In the same Year he took on him the Title of King of Navarre upon the death of his Mother the Queen He thrice extorted Peace from the King's Party and by the Battel of Courtray 1581. Henry III. being yet alive dissolv'd the League entered into by the Pope the King of Spain and the Guisian Faction for the Confusion of the Protestants After the death of Henry III. he was Crown'd King of France but not 'till 1594. having first profess'd himself a Papist On May 4. 1610. O. S. he was assassinated and stabb'd in Paris by that infamous Villain Francis Ravillac His first Queen was Margaret de Valois Daughter of Henry II. King of France whom he divorc'd After which he married Mary de Medices Daughter of Francis Great Duke of Tuscany deceased 1642. by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Lewis XIII of whom more in the next Section 2. Elizabeth married to Philip IV. King of Spain 1615. deceased 1644. 3. Christina to Victor Amadeus I. Duke of Savoy she died 1663. 4. Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans born 1608. who was twice married his first Dutchess being Mary of Bourbon Daughter of Henry Duke of Montpensier deceased 1627. His second Margaret of Lorrain Daughter of Francis Count de Vaudemont deceased 1672. By these he had four Daughters viz. 1. Anne Mary Dutchess of Montpensier born 1627. now alive and unmarried 2. Margaret Louise born 1645. and married 1661. to Cosmus III. Great Duke of Tuscany 3. Isabella born 1646. and married to Joseph Lewis Duke of Guise in 1667. She is now a Widow 4. Frances Magdalen born 1648. married to Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy 1663. deceased May 11. 1665. 5. Henrietta Maria born 1609. married to Charles I. King of England May 1. 1625. O. S. deceased July 31. 1669. aged Sixty § XV. Lewis XIII born Sept. 27. 1601. succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France Octob. 18. 1610. An excellent Prince had he not given too much way to the Counsels of those two famous Ministers of State Richlieu and Mazarine He never fought but where he conquer'd In
ended the Government of the Danes in England To him succeeded his Brother by the Mother's side Edward surnamed The Confessor the Son of Ethelred by Emma the Mother of Hardicanute as before He had been preserv'd from Canute by Richard II. Duke of Normandy his Uncle and upon the death of Hardicanute was recall'd from Normandy and Crown'd King in the Year 1042 and Fortieth of his Age. He first brought into the Royal Family the Gift of curing The King 's Evil Reigned Twenty four Years and died without Issue 1065. Upon this Harold II. Son of Earl Godwin by Guitha Sifter of Swaine King of Denmark by the assistance of Edwin and Morcar Earls of York and Chester was preferred to the Crown but enjoy'd it not long for he was slain in Battel Octob. 14. 1066. by § II. William I. Duke of Normandy surnamed The Conquerour first of the Normans that was King of England Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy by Arletta an obscure Woman who under pretence that Edward the Confessor had by his last Will and Testament transferred the Kingdom to him made a Descent into England and having slain Harold as before was by the unanimous Consent of the Peerage of England Crown'd King 1067. He had a sharp War with Philip I. King of France and after Twenty one Years Reign died at Roan in Normandy Septemb. 9. 1087. He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Baldwin V. Earl of Flanders by whom he had six Daughters and four Sons 1. Cecilie Abbess of Caen in Normandy 2. Constance married to the Earl of Britain 3. Adela to Stephen Earl of Blois Father of King Stephen of whom in his turn 4. Gundred to William Warren first Earl of Surry 5. Ela both died young 6. Margaret both died young His Sons were 1. Robert to whom he bequeathed the Dutchy of Normandy 2. Richard kill'd by a Stagg in New Forest in his Father's Life-time 3. William surnamed Rufus who succeeded his Father in the Kingdom 4. Henry I. surnamed Beauclerk to whom he left his Treasure and a yearly Pension of whom more in the next Section II. William II. born in Normandy 1057. his Brother Robert being in Normandy at the time of his Father's death what by pretext of his Father's Will and the contrivance of Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury was Crown'd Octob. 5. following He had War with the Scots brought Wales under his Obedience but what with that and to secure his Possession against the Claim and Arms of his elder Brother Robert he was necessitated to many a dishonourable Shift whereby to get Money and at last strook dead with an Arrow shot by Sir Walter Tyrel a Norman his Bow-Bearer as they were Hunting in New Forest but whether by accident or otherwise is uncertain Aug. 2. 1100. being the Eleventh Year of his Reign and Forty third of his Age but never married III. Henry I. youngest Son of the Conqueror born in England 1070. his eldest Brother Robert still living but in favour of Henry given out to be chosen King of Jerusalem succeeded his Brother William and was Crown'd in four Days after his death He had long Wars with his Brother Robert upon his return from the Holy War 'till at last having taken him Prisoner he put out his Eyes and threw him in Prison where he died but left no Issue He call'd the first Parliament after the Conquest at Salisbury in 1115. and died of a Surfeit in Normandy Decemb. 2. 1136. in the Sixty seventh Year of his Age and Thirty fifth of his Reign His first Wife was Matilda or Maud Daughter of Malcolm III. King of Scotland by Margaret the Sister of Edgar Atheling right Heir of Edward the Confessor as being descended from Edmond Ironside of whom before by which means the Saxon Line was restor'd in her Issue 1. William born 1102. he married Matilda or Maud Daughter of Foulk Earl of Anjon who with several others were cast away Nov. 26. 1119. 2. Maud the only legitimate Issue that surviv'd him born 1104. she was first married to the Emper our Henry IV. 1110. and after his death to Jeoffry Plantaganet Earl of Anjou 1124. so called from a Sprig of Broom which he wore in his Cap or Bonnet by whom she had King Henry II. His second Wife was Adeliza Daughter of Jeoffry Duke of Lorrain by whom he had no Issue He had seven Natural Sons 1. Robert Earl of Gloucester a Person of great Direction and indefatigable Industry as appear'd by the valiant Assistance he gave his said Sister Maud against King Stephen 2. Richard drown'd with his Brother William 1117. 3. Reinald Earl of Cornwal and Baron of Castle-Combe Nor is there any particular mention of the other Four And as many Natural Daughters Of whom it is only said they were all of them honourably bestowed in Marriage § III. William only Son of Henry I. being lost as before and himself not having Issue by his second Wife he now began to think of setling the Succession and to that purpose call'd another Paaliament 1133. in which all the Lords of the Land took an Oath to be true to his Daughter Maud the Empress and her Heirs and acknowledge them as right Inheritors of the Crown And amongst them IV. Stephen born 1107. Earl of Belogne and Montague Son of Stephen Earl of Blois by Adela third Daughter of the Conquerour was one yet by the working of Henry his Brother Bishop of Winchester the Pope's Legate a Man acceptable to the Nobility at that time altogether govern'd by the Clergy he was set up to the Crown against the undoubted Right of the said Empress and Crown'd on St. Stephen's Day 1135. His first War was with the Scots but during most of his Reign under various Fortune with the said Empress 'till his Children being dead he secur'd the Succession to her Son Henry He died Octob. 25. 1154. in the Forty ninth Year of his Age and Nineteenth of his Reign and had to Wife Maud Daughter and Heir of Eustace Earl of Bologne by whom he had 1. Eustace who died in the Eighteenth Year of his Age. 2. William who died younger His Natural Issue 1. William Earl of Norfolk 2. Gervais Abbot of Westminster who died 1160. V. § IV. To him succeeded Henry II. surnamed Fitz Empress first of the Line of Plantagenet born at Mentz in Normandy 1131. Crown'd King Decemb. 7. 1155. He sought to abate the Power of the Clergy the Effects of which he had felt in the Exclusion of his Mother and advancement of King Stephen but it wrought him great Troubles particularly with Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury touching the Exemption of Clerks from the Secular Power and the Consequence of it stuck to his Family for Sixty Years after He Crown'd his Son Henry King June 14. 1170. in the Seventeenth Year of his Age Sent Strongbow Earl of Chcapstow into Ireland in the same Year who planted the first Colony of English in Wexford went over thither in 1172. Conquer'd
Richard Duke of York King Edward's Son by his Face Gesture and other Lineaments of his Body King Henry during this time was not â—sleep but sent over several Spies under the â—otion of Fugitives by which means he got into Perkin's Councils and came to the knowledge of his Confederates of whom some took sanctuary others were put to death 1493 and amongst them the said Sir William Stanly whom he had made Lord High Chamberlain and that only for saying If he knew the Young-man was the Son of King Edward IV. he would not draw his Sword against him Of which being convicted he was beheaded Feb. 16. 1494. However Perkin deeming he had Force enough yet left put to Sea and attempted to land in Kent but being repuls'd made back to Flanders and thence into Ireland which answering not his Expectation he sail'd for Scotland where he made his Tale so well that James IV. at that time King not only own'd him as Duke of York but married him to the Lady Catharine Gourdon Daughter of Alexander Earl of Huntley his near Kinsman 1495. and the Year following invaded England with Fire and Sword and in a manner wasted Northumberland On which Perkin beseeching him to spare his Subjects the King disgustingly bade him first see if they were his Subjects or not and finding few or none come in to him return'd for Scotland King Henry on this resolving a Revenge on Scotland the Parliament granted him a Subsidy of 120000 l. against the Payment of which Cornwal rebells and under the Conduct of one Flammock a Lawyer came into Somersetshire where they were headed by the Lord Audley 1496. The King of Scots lays hold on the Occasion and invading England again besieges Norham Castle which Fox Bishop of Durham Lord thereof had fortified But being not able to take it suddenly and hearing the Earl of Surrey was on his march near him return'd for Scotland and was follow'd by the Earl when by the Mediation of the Ambassadour of Spain Commissioners whereof the said Bishop was one are appointed to treat between both Kings at Jedard in Sctoland which ended in a Truce With this Condition nevertheless That though the King of Scots could not be persuaded to deliver up Perkin that yet he should discharge him his Protection and Dominions which was accorded and accordingly done 1497. The Cornish men in this time had gotten within four Miles of London where after a great Slaughter their Leaders were taken and executed Yet were not the Rabble so absolutely cut off but that upon their coming home hearing Perkin was gotten into Ireland they sent to him to come and head them which he slack'd not to do and being proclaim'd King by the Name of Richard IV. laid siege to Exeter but hearing the King was marching against him sent his Wife to the Mount in Cornwal whence she was taken and deliver'd to the King and flying away by night himself took sanctuary at Beaudly in Hampshire but finding no possibility of escaping and withal tempted with the promise of pardon he voluntarily submitted himself to 〈◊〉 King's Pleasure who set him in the Stocks upon a Scaffold in the most publick Places of London and Westminster where he confess'd the Impostor and having after that attempted an escape he was arraign'd and convicted Novemb 16. 1499. and on the 23d of the same Month drawn and hang'd at Tyburn And the said Earl of Warwick upon his Arraignment before his Peers as consenting to the same having confess'd the Indictment and throwing himself upon the King's Mercy had Judgment thereupon and was beheaded on Tower-Hill the 28th following And so after fifteen Years imprisonment ended this poor Earl and with him the Name of Plantagenet While matters went thus at home the King of Scots writes to the Bishop That because he had several things touching the Peace of both Crowns which he would communicate with himself only he desir'd him to come into Scotland which with King Henry's approbation he accordingly did and from one thing to another so wrought it that a Match was concluded between the said King of Scots and the Lady Margaret eldest Daughter of King Henry 1501. contracted Jan. 25. 1502. and took effect 1503. the Queen her Mother having died Feb. 11. before Nor had this Match been sooner concluded than the King married his eldest Son Arthur Prince of Wales to the Lady Catharine Daughter of Ferdinand King of Spain Novemb. 14. 1501. After which the Prince not living above five Months his younger Brother Henry afterwards King Henry VIII was created Prince of Wales Feb. 18. 1503. After which besides filling his Coffers the King did little saving the getting into his hands Edmond de la Pool Son of John de la Pool Duke of Suffolk by Elizabeth Sister of King Edward IV. who as pretending to the Crown had not long before fled into Flanders upon the King's Promise nevertheless That he would not put him to death which he observ'd but left it to his Son and died April 22. 1509. in the Fifty second Year of his Age and Twenty third of his Reign A wise politick Prince who having the Three Titles of Lancaster Conquest and his Wife Elizabeth eldest Daughter of King Edward IV. could never be brought to declare by which of them he claim'd He had Issue by her 1. Margaret Tudor born Nov. 29. 1489. of whom before Grandmother of Mary Queen of Scots the Mother of James VI. King of Scots in whom the Kingdoms of England and Scotland were united 2. Elizabeth Tudor born July 2. 1492. died Sept. 14 1495. 3. Mary Tudor born 1498. promised to Charles Prince of Castile afterwards Emperour but upon the death of her Father married to Lewis XII King of France 4. Catharine Tudor born Feb. 2. 1503. but died young His Sons 1. Arthur Tudor Prince of Wales born Septemb 20. 1487. died in his Father's life-time April 2. 1502. 2. Henry Tudor Duke of York born June 22. 1492. and succeeded his Father 3. Edmond Tudor born Feb. 21. 1498. and died the Year following XX. Upon the death of King Henry VII his only surviving Son Henry was the day following proclaim'd King by the Name of King Henry VIII His Father's Funerals and his own Marriage with the Princess Catharine Widow of his Brother Arthur by the Dispensation of Pope Julius II. being over his next business was their Coronation which was perform'd June 24. 1509. and quieting the Clamours of the People touching the matter of Sir Richard Empsom and Edmond Dudley Esq Persons employ'd by Henry VII for compounding the Forfeitures upon Penal Statutes which they had manag'd so ill that being thereof severally convicted they were attainted in Parliament of High Treason and thereupon beheaded Aug. 18. 1510. Howbeit John Dudley Son and Heir of the said Edmond was restor'd in Blood by the same Parliament and towards the latter end of the King made Viscount Lisle and Lord High Admiral of England The New-years day following the
Quarter'd the Arms thereof Henry V. Conquer'd most of the Kingdom Henry VI. was Crown'd King of France in Paris 1432. James VI. King of Scotland made an Accesion of that Crown to England 1603. and first Quarter'd the Arms of England and Ireland â—ith those of Scotland Beside which the English have superadded several Plantations in America as Virginia 1584. the Bermudaes 1591. Barbadoes Nowingland 1606. Mary-land about 1632. Jamaica 1656. Besides Nova Scotia one half of 〈◊〉 Christopher's Hudson's Bay Now-York Carclina Pensylvania Several other Places of Trade also in the East-India's and Tangier in Africa 1668. but demolish'd in as not worth the charge 〈◊〉 keeping it Of its Decreasings § IX THe greatest Loss it receiv'd has been from France for whereas about the Year 1432. what by Hereditary Right what by Marriages what by Conquest and Submission of the People it had in a manner the whole Kingdom It lost in 1450. not only its New Acquests but Hereditary Provinces to Charles VII King of France who by means of the Civil Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster so forc'd the English out of France that they retain'd only Callice which also was lost by Queen Mary 1558. However it yet continues the Title and Arms of France other than which it makes no Pretensions nor have those been set on foot for near 150 Years last past CHAP. IV. Of the House of Denmark § I. THere is nothing more certain than that the Danes have had their peculiar Kings for many Ages past whom Historians generally distinguish by eight Periods See Pontanus's Danish History lib. 7. and Beckman's Civil History c. 5 Sect. 6. The Seventh of these Periods is that of the Suenonidae or English-Danes so called from Sueno or Swain-Ethrick whose Ancestors according to Saxo the Grammarian in the 10th Book of his Danish History had a Bear for their first Progenitors For he says That Ulso who was Sueno's Father had one Ursus or Biorno for his Grandfather begot by the monstrous Copulation of a Wild Beast with a young Virgin About the Year 1346. Woldemar the Third descended of this Family was King of Denmark who after a Peace made with Schmeek Magnus King of Sueden brought the Country of Scandinavia under his Jurisdiction in the Year 1360. afterwards in 1363. he obtained Gotland also upon another Peace then concluded with King Albert. He had also Wars with the Hans-Town and dyed 1375. leaving only a Daughter named Margaret whom he gave in Marriage to Haquin second Son of Erick King of Sweden by whom she had Issue Olaus the Sixth who upon his Father Haquin's Decease which happened in 1380. succeeded both to Denmark and Sweden as well as Norway but dyed an untimely Death seven Years after viz. 1387. Whereupon the Government by the consent of the Nobility of Denmark and Norway return'd to Queen Margaret but the Swedes elected Albertus Duke of Mecklenburgh to be their King with whom Queen Margaret was soon engag'd in a War being provoked thereunto by him wherein proving Victorious and taking him Prisoner caused her self to be elected Queen An. 1396. She adopted for her Successor Prince Erick Son of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania and Grandson of her Sister Ingeburg Wife of Henry the Second Duke of Mecklenburg by her Daughter Mary who at a Convention of the States held at Calmar in 1397. was elected King of the Three Northern Crowns an Hereditary Union being then made by which it was Enacted that for the future the Three Northern Kingdoms should be Govern'd by one and the same Scepter As for Queen Margaret the Danish Semiramis for so she is often stiled she departed this Life in the Year 1412. After which King Erick not so well acquainted with the Arts of Governing as she had been soon drew upon himself the Odium of his People insomuch that in the Year 1439. he was depos'd by 'em and had his Crowns taken from him chiefly on pretence that he had not observ'd his Promises nor kept his Coronation Oath but rather on the contrary opposed a Free Election by naming Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania to succeed him In his room they substituted Prince Christopher his Sister Sophia's Son by her Husband John Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Bavaria which Christopher died without Issue 1448. notwithstanding he had Married Dorothy Daughter of John Marquess of Brandenburg and by this means put an end to the ancient Royal Family of Denmark § II. In this state of Affairs they Elected Adolph Earl of Holstein to be King but he modestly declined the Crown when offered either out of a consideration of the Infirmity of his great Age or else doubtful what might be the success of the Danish Affairs But withal earnestly recommended to their choice Christian Count Oldenburg his Sister's Son who was thereupon Elected and Crowned King by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility as we shall show more at large in the following § 'T will here be expected we should give some account of the Original of this Family of Oldenburg but indeed it is so hid in the Clouds if we may so say by reason of its great Antiquity that little of certainty can be picked out For altho' it be the common Tradition that it is deriv'd from the Posterity of Witikin the Saxon and namely from the Counts of Ringelheim yet Reinerus Renneccius and others think it most advisable to leave things as they find 'em and affirm nothing in so doubtful a matter However they say that towards the end of the Tenth Century one Otho was Earl of Oldenburg who had a certain wonderful Horn given him by a Spirit or Apparition which is to be seen to this day in the Castle of Oldenburg and that he was Father of John Conrade and Rixa That John begat Huno the Glorious Father of Frederick who in the end became a Monk and left a Will by which he made his Cozen Elimar his Heir which Elimar was Son to his great Aunt Rixa by her Husband Hoio Lord of Friezland in Pottenburg and Memmenburg whose Pedigree they also derive from the above-named Witikin That Elimar by Virtue of this Will possess'd himself of the Earldom notwithstanding all the opposition of Milo Count Alvensleb Grand-son of the above-named Conrade and so became the first Count of Oldenburg of his Line Amongst this Princess's Children we find mention made of Elimar the Second who begat Christian the Warlike Father of Maurice by his Wife Cunigund Countess of Locken which Maurice after manifest proofs of his Courage on all occasions retired to a Monastery and was succeeded in the County by his Son Christian the Second Christian the Second had Issue 1. John the First of whom by and by again 2. Otho the Third who by his Charter erected the Town of Delmenhorstan into a City and Founded the Cathedral there An. 1265. 3. Theodorick or Diderick Elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia An. 1335. in the 80th Year of
John of Holstein was Philip Propagator of the Branch of Glucksburg whose Wife Sophia Hedewig of Sax-Lawenburg bore him Eleven Children whereof Five were short-liv'd the rest being 1. Christian born 1627. who lives in the Castle of Glucksburg with his Three Sons Philip Ernestus born 1673. Joachim Adolph 1679. And Christian Augustus 1681. 2. Mary Elizabeth born 1628. married to George Albert Marquess of Brandenburg-Culmbach 1651. deceased 1604. 3. Sophia Hedewig married to Maurice Duke of Saxon-Zeitz She died 1652. 4. Augusta espoused by her Cousin-Germain Ernestus Gunther of Augsburg 1651. 5. Christina born 1634. and married to Christian Duke of Sax Mersburg 1650. And 6. Dorothy married first to Christian Lewis Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg and after his decease to Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg An. 1668. She died 1689. Of the Branch of Ploen § XV. IT remains we now speak of the Branch of Ploen which was propagated by Joachim Ernestus Duke John's Fourth Son who died in the Eightieth Year of his Age An. 1671. The Issue of his Body now living are 1. John Adolph born 1634. the Husband of Dorothy Sophia Daughter of Rudolph Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he has had Three Sons namely Adolph Augustus born 1680. Joachim Ernestus 1681. deceased the same Year And John Ulrick 1684. 2. Augustus born 1636. sometime Administrator of Magduburg Father of Two Sons by his Wife the Princess Charlotte Elizabeth of Anhalt whose names are Joachim Frederick born 1668. and Christian Charles born 1674. 3 Joachim Ernestus born 1637. General of the Foreign Horse in the Service of the Spanish Netherlands Of the Ducal Line of Sleswick § XVI 'T Is now time to treat of the Ducal Line of Sleswick the Author whereof was Adolph youngest Son of King Frederick the First born 1526. who by the assistance of his Nephew King Frederick the Second overthrew the Rebels of Dietmarsh and made them subject to his Government and thro' the whole course of his Life highly approved his Courage on many other occasions Moreover he was Consecrated Bishop of Slewick and Hildesheim At his Death he was succeeded in his Dutchy by his Son John Adolph who had been Arch-Bishop of Bremen and Bishop of Lubeck ever since the Year 1585. which Provinces however he made over to his Brother John Frederick upon his coming to be Duke In 1603. he had Homage done him by the Hamburgers as Duke of Horstein His Sons were 1. Adolph Slain at the Battel of Leipsick 1631. 2. John Consecrated Bishop of Lubeck deceased 1655. leaving only one Son named John Augustus who being weak in his Intellects lives under the Wardship of his Cousin-Germain the present Bishop of Lubeck And 3. Frederick eldest of the Three tho' last named who succeeded his Father Anno 1616. This Prince very much inlarged the publick Library and built the City Frederickstadt Moreover he sent an Embassie to the Courts of Muscovy and Persia and in 1658. took off the Feudatory Obligation which till then lay on the Dutchy of Sleswick to the Crown of Denmark He departed this Life in the Year 1659. having had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John George the first Elector of Saxony who died 1684. and by her this following Issue 1. Magdalen Sibilla born 1631. and married to Gustavus Adolphus Duke of Meckleburg Gustrow 2. Hedewig Eleanor born 1636. the now Relict of Charles Gustavus late King of Sweden 3. Anne Dorothy born 1640. as yet unmarried 4. Augusta Maria given in Marriage to Frederick Magnus Marquess of Baden Durlach An. 1670. 5. Christian Albert the present Duke born Feb. the 3d. 1641. who succeeded his Father and in 1665. opened an University at Kiel In 1676. he lost the whole Dutchy of Sleswick but the difference being some Years after amicably made up 'twixt him and the King of Denmark 't was again restored him by His Majesty An. 1689. His Dutchess is Fredâ—rica Amalia Sister to the present K. of Dermark by whom he has Issue Sophia Amalia 1670. Frederick 1671. Christian Augustus 1673 And Mary Elizabeth 1678. 6. Augustus Frederick the present Bishop of Laiveck who has taken to Wife Christina Daughter of Augustus late Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Magdeburg but in all appearance like to have no Issue by her CHAP. V. Of the House of Sweden § I. ABout the beginning of the last Century the Nobility of Sweden grown weary of the Tyranny of Christian the Second King of Denmark elected Gustavus Son of Erick of Wasa à Grypsholm first Governour then Duke and last of all in the Year 1523. King of Sweden Gothland and the Vandals at which time he had a sharp War with the Danes as also with the Russe tho' afterwards he had Peace with the first He had also a dispute with the City Lubeck in Saxony and departed this Life in the Year 1660. His Queens were Mary Daughter of Erick Abraham of Laholm and Catharine Daughter of Gustavus Governour of West-Gothland by which Ladies he had Issue Three Sons Erick John and Charles Erick the Fourteenth of the Name succeeding his Father in the Throne was Crown'd in the Year 1561. and had Wars with the Panes and Pole He committed his Brother John to Custody and marrying Catharine a Woman of a base Birth and his Concubine before caused her to he Crown'd Queen at Stockholm An. 1568. upon which falling into the contempt and hatred of his Brethren he was the Year following seized and Imprisoned together with his new Concubine Queen in the very Castle of Stockholm Hereupon the Government descended to John the Third second Son of Gustavus by his Wife Mary of Laholm This Prince in 1570. concluded the Peace of Stetin with the Danes as also with the City Lubeck but continued the War with the Czar His Son Sigismund by Catharine Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland was Crown'd King of Poland Dec. 17. 1587. Himself died 1592. having first secured the Succession of Sweden to his Son Sigismund who was accordingly Crown'd Feb. 19. 1594. tho' the Swedish Nobility renounc'd their Allegiance five Years after viz 1699. and deprived him of the Kingly Dignity substituting in his place his Uncle Charles the Ninth Third Son of the above named Gustavus and Brother by the same Mother to the late King John the Third under whom a War immediately broke out with the Poles for Liffland which afterwards gave rise to another bloody One with the Danes There was surviving at this time another Son of John the Third's by his Wife Gunilla Daughter of John Bielk whose name was also John He was created Duke of Finland and East-Gothland and died without Issue 1618. notwithstanding he had married Mary Elizabeth Daughter to his Uncle Charles the Ninth § II. Upon which Charles and his Posterity of both Sexes the Crown was settled Sigismund and his Race being excluded for ever He was Crown'd in the Year 1607. having been Governour of the Common-wealth now more than seven Years His
an Earldom together with his natural Daughter Theresia to Wife nevertheless with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoak and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be Proclaimed King of Portugal about the Year 1139. And departed this Life 1185. leaving for his Successor Sanctius the First Father of Alphonso the Second who died in the Year 1223. and was succeeded by Sanctius the Second who dying without Issue in the Year 1246. the Crown fell to his Brother Alphonso the Third This Alphonso had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile and was Father of Denys of whose eminent Vertues and great Actions the Pertuguese to this day relate Wonders It was he that Founded the University of Coimbra and died in the Year 1325. His Son was Alphonso the Fourth who begat Peter or Pedro Father of Ferdinand King of Portugal who after many bloody Engagements with the Moors ended his days without Issue in the Year 1333. § II. Hereupon followed an Interregnum of almost two Years continuance when by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility John the Bastard natural Son of Peter mentioned in the precedent Section was Proclaim'd King and had Issue 1. Henry born 1401. 2. Peter Duke of Coimbra put to death by his Nephew King Alphonso the Fifth in the Year 1449. 3. Ferdinand taken Prisoner by those of Barbary and carried into Africk where he died 1443. 4. Henry who first discovered the Madera Island in 1420. and died 1460. 5. Alphonso the Bastard Duke of Braganza a natural Son deceased 1461. Edward the Eldest who succeeded in the Throne married Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand King of Castile and died of the Plague in the Year 1438. leaving Issue Two Sons 1. Alphonso the Fifth born 1432. And 2. Ferdinand Infant of Portugal and Duke of Visco deceased 1470. Alphonso the Fifth at his Father's death ascended the Throne and had sharp and frequent Wars with the Moors as also with Ferdinand the Catholick King of Castile His Death bears date 1481. at which time he was succeeded by his Son 1. John the Second who notwithstanding he had taken his Cousin-Germain the Lady Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand Duke of Visco to be his Queen yet had he no Issue that out-liv'd him his only Son Alphonso coming to an accidental Death in the Year 1491. whereas himself Surviv'd till 1495. Look we back therefore to Ferdinand Duke of Visco and his Posterity whose Male Issue were 1. James Duke of Visco put to death in the Year 1484. by his Cousin-Germain King John the Second 2. Emanuel 1469. § III. This Emanuel after the Death of King John the Second was Crowned King of Portugal in the Year 1495. He expelled the Moors out of his Countries and obliged the Jews to profess the Christian Faith He subdued great part of the East-Indies and planted Brasil with Colonies from Portugal His first Queen was Isabel Daughter to his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain His second Mary Isabella's Sister And his last Eleanor Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain married afterwards to Francis the First King of France By the first Lady he had Issue only one Son Prince Michael who had he liv'd wou'd have Heired all the Spanish Territories But by the second and third Venture 1. John the Third the no less happy Successor of a Fortunate Father born 1502. married to Catharine Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain by whom he had Issue John Infant of Portugal deceased before his Father who died not till the Year 1557. At which time there was surviving of the Body of John Infant of Portugal by Joan his Wife Daughter of Charles the Fifth Emperour and King of Spain Prince Sebastian a Child about Three Years of Age born 1554. who succeeded his Grand-Father John the Third in the Kingdom of Portugal This unfortunate Prince some Years after making a descent upon Africk perished there with his whole Army Aug. the 4th 1578. 2. Isabella born 1503. married to Charles the Fifth Emperor and King of Spain 1526. deceased 1593. 3. Henry born 1512 promoted to a Red-Hat 1546. And afterwards upon the most unhappy death of his Nephew Sebastian to be King of Portugal but died 1580. 4. Edward Infant of Portugal born 1515. deceased 1540. whose Wife was Isabel Daughter of James Duke of Braganza by whom he had Issue Catharine married to John Duke of Braganza whose Grandson became afterwards possessed of the Crown of Portugal as will appear in the next Section 5. Lewis Infant of Portugal deceased 1555. leaving only a natural Son called Antonio who upon the death of his Uncle Henry was elected King 15 But being in the same Year beat out of his Country by Philip the Second King of Spain fled into France and ended his days at Paris An. 1595. § IV. Thus fell the Government into the hands of the Spaniards for Philip the Second partly because he was Son of Isabella Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal and partly because he had married Mary Daughter of John the Third on these Pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom by force of Arms in the Year 1580. Nevertheless 't was again lost by his Grandson in the Year 1640. for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoak elected John Duke of Braganza to be their King This Prince born March 19. 1604. was descended of the Posterity of Alphonso the first Duke of Braganza who was natural Son of John the First King of Portugal as you may see by looking back to the second Section Numb 5. And his Grand-mother was Catharine Daughter of Edward Infant of Portugal mention'd by us in the precedent Section Numb 4. He governed the State of Portugal from 1640. till 1656. in which Year he departed this Life Nov. 6. His Queen was Donna Lucia Daughter of John Emanuel Perez de Gusman Duke of Medina Sidonia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Theodosius Infant of Portugal deceased 1653. 2. Catharine born at Villa Vicosa Nov. 15. O. S. 1638. and espoused at Portsmouth by His late Majesty King Charles the Second in the Month of May 1662. 3. Alphonso the Sixth born 1643. who under the Regency of his Mother had sharp Wars with the Spaniards with whom at length he concluded a Peace in the Year 1668. In 1667. he took to Wife the Lady Mary Frances Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Amadeus de Savoy Duke of Nemours who after sixteen Months living with him procured a Divorce and retired to a Cloyster In 1668. he was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or the Government and sent the Year following to the Tercera Island where he ended his days 1683. 4. Peter born 1648. who upon his Brother Alphonso's being Deposed in 1668. was made first Regent and after his death King of Portugal By a
turns of Fortune in the Year 1568. His first Wife was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Wurtenburg deceased 1541. after whose Death he married Sophia Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland deceased 1575. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Charles Victor born 1521. slain at the Battel of Sivershuse July 19. 1553. 2. Philip Magnus born 1522. and slain in the same Fight 3. Julius born 1528. of whom in the next Section 4. John all short liv'd 5. Henry all short liv'd 6. Joachim And all short liv'd 7. Andrew all short liv'd 8. Catharine married to John Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1537. deceased 1574. 9. Margaret given in Marriage to John Duke of Monsterberg 1561. deceased 1565. 10. Clara who quitting the Cloyster married Philip Duke of Brunswick Grubenhagen mentioned by us towards the latter end of the third Section and died 1595. And 11. Mary Lady Abbess of Gandersheim deceased 1595. § IX Julius succeeding his Father was of a different Opinion to him in matters of Religion and therefore abolished the Popish Superstition commanding the Julian Body of Divinity to be followed throughout his Dominions He likewise opened an University at Helmstadt Oct. 14. 1576. and departed this Life 1589. In 1560. he took to Wife Hedewig Daughter of Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue Male and Female as follow viz. 1. Sophia Hedewig born 1561. married to Ernest Lewis Duke of Pomerania 1577. deceased 1631. 2. Henry Julius born Oct. 15. 1564. of whom we shall soon speak again 3. Mary born 1566. she was married to Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg and died 1626. 4. Elizabeth born 1567. and married after the decease of her first Husband Adolph Count Schaumburg An. 1604. to Christopher Duke of Brunswick-Zell She died 1618. 5. Philip Sigismund Bishop of Ferden and Osnabrug born July 1. 1568. deceased 1623. 6. Margaret born 1571. and deceased in her Infancy 7. Joachim Charles Provost of Strasburg born Ap. 23. 1573. deceased Oct. 9. 1615. 8. Sabina Catharine born 1674. deceased 1590. 9. Dorothy Augusta Lady Abbess of Gandersheim born 1577. deceased 1611. 10. Julius Augustus Abbot of St. Michael in the City of Lunenburg born Feb. 4. 1578. deceased 1617. And 11. Hedewig born 1580. married to Otho the Sixteenth Duke of Brunswick-Zell deceased 1641. We now return to Henry Julius who succeeded his Father Julius in the Dutchy and upon the death of Philip of Grubenhagen pretended to the sole right of succeeding to him also but that being opposed by the other Relations of the said Philip and an unhappy Division like to arise among 'em thereupon it was agreed by all Parties to refer the matter to the decision of the Law and so Henry at last let his Claim fall He departed this Life at Prague An. 1613. In 1585. he took Dorothy Daughter of Augustus Elector of Saxony to his first Wife but she dying two Years after he in 1590. married Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark By these he had Issue 1. Dorothy Hedewig born Feb. 4. 1587. married to Rudolph Prince of Anhalt 1605. deceased 1608. 2. Frederick Ulrick born Ap. 5. 1591. This Prince succeeded his Father and had much ado with the City of Brunswick but in the end brought it to such terms as forced it to submit and do him Homage An. 1616. He departed this Life 1634. and that without Issue by his Wife who was Anne Sophia Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg and so put an end to this Line 3. Sophia Hedewig the Wife of Ernest Casimire Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg born Feb. 20. 1592. deceased 1642. 4. Elizabeth born 1593. married first to Augustus An. 1612. and after his decease to John Philip Dukes of Saxony the One of the now Electoral the Other of the Ernestine Line She died 1650. 5. Hedewig born Feb. 19. 1595. married to Ulrick Duke of Pomerania 1619. deceased 1622. 6. Dorothy born June 8. 1596. married to Christian William Administrator of Magdeburg and Marquess of Brandenburg 1615. deceased 1649. 7. Christian the Second born Sept. 10. 1599. elected Bishop of Halberstadt 1616. deceased 1626. This Prince took part with Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia but was put to Flight by the Imperialists in a Battel fought not far from Hochst Nevertheless he had afterwards better Success against the Spaniard whose Forces he defeated under their Leader Don Francisco Gonsalvo de Corduba 8. Rudolph born 1602. and designed for Bishop of Halberstadt but prevented by Death 1616. 9. Henry Charles born 1609. deceased at Helmstadi 1615. And 10. Anne Augusta born May 19. 1612. and married to George Lewis Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Of the Line of Lunenburg or Zell § X. MAtter 's thus far cleared we now return to Bernhard mentioned by us above in the fifth Section Numb 2. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother Henry had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and died 1434. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony and by her Two Sons and a Daughter viz. 1. Otho the Twelfth surnamed Von der Heyde who succeeded him and married Elizabeth of Eberstein yet died without Issue 1445. 2. Frederick the Third surnamed The Religious of whom immediately And 3. Catharine married to Casimire Duke of Pomerland-stetin Frederick succeeded Otho his Brother and built the Franciscan Monastery at Zell whereunto he retired having given up the Government to his Sons by whose untimely Deaths he was once more forced from thence to return to the Administration of the Publick over which he afterwards presided Seven Years and died 1478. His Wife was Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Children by her as follow viz. 1. Bernhard the Second Administrator of the Arch Bishoprick of Hildesheim which Dignity he resigned after six Years enjoying it and had the Government of Lunenburg put into his hands by his Father upon his retiring from secular Affairs yet died before him and that without Issue notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumberg 2. Otho the Thirteenth surnamed The Victorious a Valiant and Just Prince who succeeded his Brother but yet died before his Father An. 1471. leaving Anne of Nassau a Widow and by her an only Son named Henry the Ninth born 1468. of whom more in the next Section And 3. Margaret married to Henry the Third Duke of Meckleburg § XI Henry the Ninth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy was brought up under the Tuition of his Mother and Grandfather and after he came to the Management of Affairs himself had many Wars He departed this Life at Paris An. 1532. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Ernestus the First Elector of Saxony and by her Issue as followeth namely 1. Elizabeth married to Charles Duke of Guelderland 1518. deceased 1572. 2. Otho the Fourteenth born Aug. 24. 1495. who
that other of Rotelen by the disposition of his Father liv'd at Durlach was a Lutheran and in great request for his Prudence with the Emperor Maximilian the First He dy'd Feb. 6. 1553. and besides Seven Daughters left Three Sons 1. Bernhard the Fifth born 1517. dy'd the same Year with his Father 2. Charles the Third born July 24. 1529. 3. Albert the Second a Valiant Warrior but dy'd without Children 1642. Of these Charles the Third succeeded his Father and dy'd March 23. 1577. His first Wife was Cunigund Daughter of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg who dying 1558. He married Anne Daughter of Rupert Palatine of Veldentz who dy'd March 30. 1586. and left him 1. Dorothy Ursula born 1559. married to Lewis the Fifth of Wirtenburg and dy'd 1583. 2. Ernest Frederick his Successor born 1560. who as has been said Section 5. had a Dispute with his Kinsmen the Sons of Edward the Fortunate touching the Upper Marquisate or Baden of Baden He was a smart Defender of Lutheranism Founded a famous School at Durlach and dy'd April 14. 1604. but left no Issue tho' married to Anne Daughter of Etzhard Earl of Ostfrise Son of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine 3. James the Third born May 26. 1562. dy'd Aug. 15. 1590. And by Elizabeth Daughter of Florence Earl of Cullenburg left Anne born 1587. who was married to Wolrad of Waldeck and brought him the Earldom of Cullenburg and dy'd 1648. And one Posthumous Son James Ernestus who liv'd not long 4. George Frederick born Jan. 10. 1573. § VII This George succeeded his Brothers and suffer'd much by means of the Palatine Frederick the Fifth whose Party he adher'd to He dy'd at Geneva Sept 14. 1638. and had to Wife Juliana Ursula of Raugrave who dy'd 1614. and after that Agatha of the House of Erpace by whom he had Seventeen Children of which Eleven dy'd untimely The rest were 1. Catharine Ursula born Jan. 19. 1593. married to Otto of Hesse-Cassel 1613. dy'd Dec. 21. 1616. 2. Frederick the Second of whom presently 3. Anna Amalia born 1595. marry'd to William of Nassau in Saarbrucken 1615. dy'd 1652. 4. Charles the Fifth born 1598. dy'd in his Travel through France July 27. 1625. 5. Christopher the Fourth born March 16. 1603. Slain at the Siege of Ingolstadt Apr. 30. 1632. 6. Sibilla Magdalena born July 21. 1605. married June 7. 1629. to John of Nassau in Saarbrucken Frederick the Second born July 6. 1594. succeeded his Father He was a Prince of a general Learning took part with the King of Sweden which occasion'd him divers Troubles which he in a manner got out of by the Treaty of Osenburg dy'd Sept. 8. 1659. and had by Five Wives Eleven Children Six of which dy'd Infants The rest were 1. Frederick the Third born Nov. 6. 1617. of whom in the next Section 2. Sibilla born Feb. 5. 1620. dy'd unmarried Aug. 20. 1679. 3. Charles Magnus born March 17. 1621. he did the King of Sweden good Services and by that means came to be Lieutenant General of his Army dy'd Nov. 19. 1658. and left one Son Charles Frederick born 1651. He was a Knight of Malta and dy'd without Issue 1677. 4. Johanna born 1623. married to John Barnim Camp-Marshal of Sweden and after his Death to Henry Count of Thun 1648. and has been dead some Years 5. Gustavus Adolphus Abbot of Fulda in Germany and Cardinal He dy'd Dâ—â— 24. 1677. § VIII Frederick the Third succeeded his Father He was a Prince so great a Master of all the Arts of Peace and War that he wâ—â— General to the Emperor in the last War against the French and discharg'd it with Honour but having recover'd Philipsburg to the Empire dy'd 1677. in the Sixty Sixth Year of his Age His Wife was Christiana Magdalena Daughter of John Casimier Palatine of Bipont whom he married at Stockboim 1642. and had by her 1. Frederick Casimier born 1643. dy'd 1644. 2. Christiana born 1645. married 1665. to Albert Marquess of Brandenburg Ansbach and after his death to John Frederick Duke of Saxon-Gotham 1681. 3. Eleanora Catharina born and dy'd 1646. 4. Fredericus Magnus born Sept. 27. 1646. the now Reigning Prince He married Augusta Maria Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick May 15. 1670. by whom he had Ten Children of which Four dy'd Infants The rest now living are 1. Catharine born Oct. 10. 1676. 2. Carolus Wilhelmus born Jan. 17. 1679. 3. Johanna Elizabetha born Oct. 3. 1680. 4. Alberta Frederica born July 3. 1682. 5. Christopher born Sept. 28. 1684. 6. Charlotte Sophia born March 1. 1686. 5. Carolus Gustavus born Sept. 27. 1648. a Warlike Prince and had to Wife Anna Sophia Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg married to him 1677. who brought him 1. Christiana Juliana born Sept. 12. 1678. 2. Charles born and dy'd 1680. 3. Frederick Rodolph born 1681. dy'd 1682. 4. Charles Anthony born Jan. 29. 1683. 6. Catharina Barbara born 1650. yet unmarried 7 Johanna Elizabetha born 1651. married to John Frederick Marquess of Brandendurg Ansbach dy'd Sept. 8. 1680. 8. Eleanora Frederica born and dy'd 1658. But the aforesaid Frederick's Wife dying he had Two natural Sons by a Private Gentlewoman her Father tho' a Colonel of Horse to wit Frederick and Bernhard call'd the Barons of Muntzenheim which Fief being possest by the Baron Hoffart and Escheated to him he conferr'd on them Of the Augmentations of this Family § IX HOw this Family got the Marquisate of Baden we have already shown After that Herman the Fourth had Durlach Heildesheim and Etlingen with his Wife the Daughter of Henry Count Palatine of Guelffe In the Year 1246. Herman the Fifth obtained the Dutchy of Austria and Stiria in right of his Wife In 1415. the County of Hochberg was further added A great part of Sponheim in 1437. and at the same time Mahlberg and Lobra in Ortenaw In 1444. Christopher hook'd in Baden-Weiler and Welschberg and after that Rodemachern Herspringen and Ufeldingen And upon the death of his Kinsman Philip the Landtgraviate of Sansenberg and the Seigniory of Rotelen fell in to the rest And lastly the Family of the Earls of Eberstein being extinct the greatest part of that County was added to that Family Of its Decreasings § X. THis Family suffer'd a loss about the middle of the Thirteenth Century at what time Ottocar King of Bohemia took Austria and Stiria from Frederick the rightful Heir But in the Last and this present French War both the Lines of this Family have suffer'd and do yet suffer And moreover has a pretence to the Principality of Geroltzeck CHAP. XV. Of the Family of Anhalt and Saxon-Lawenburg § I. THo' this Family be for Antiquity past all Memory yet it was known in the Year 524. by the Name of the Counts of Ascania and Ballenstedt After which Albert the Sixth of that House was by the Emperor Henry the Second created Marquess of Soltquel and died 1005. But when under Conrade the
§ I. THo' the Dukes of Savoy may not improperly be referred to Germany and contained in the Upper-Circle of the Rhine yet because they are possessed of all Piemont in Italy as also many places in France we thought more convenient to treat of 'em in this place Now this Family is justly to be numbred amongst those of the greatest Antiquity since little that is certain can be spoke of its Original by reason thereof This nevertheless is without Dispute That Beraldus Marquess of Italy Earl of Savoy and Maurienne flourish'd in the beginning of the Eleventh Century and died about the Year 1023. His Son was Humbert the First surnamed Albimanus Earl of Savoy and Maurienne Lord of Chabais and Valois who departed this Life in the Year 1048. being succeeded by his Son Otho Earl of Savoy and Maurienne Lord of Chablais Valois and Aouste Marquess of Italy and Susa and Duke of Turin who died in 1091. This Otho was succeeded by his Brother Amadeus the Second for his Elder Brother Caudatus died before his Father who begat Humbert the Second Earl of Savoy Maurienne and Piemont Lord of Chablais Aouste and Tarento Marquess of Susa and Italy which Humbert departed this Life on Nov. 18. 1103. and left the Government of his Provinces to his Eldest Son Amadeus the Third who died at Nicâ—sia in an Expedition to the Holy Land on Apr. 1. 1149. Amadeus the Third was followed by his Son Humbert the Third surnamed The Saint who died March 4. 1186. Humbert's Son and Successor was Thomas the First Earl of Savoy c. and Vicar-General of the Empire in Lombardy and Piemont born May 20. 1177. deceased Jan. 20. 1233. This Prince lest many Children whereof we shall mention only Three and as serviceable to present purpose namely Amadeus the Fourth Thomas the Second and Philip. Amadeus the Eldest of the Three succeeded his Father and begat Boniface surnamed Roland which Boniface died without Issue in 1263. and was succeeded by his Uncle Philip who likewise had the same Fate Nov. 17. 1285. § II. Return we therefore to Thomas who departed this Life in the Year 1259. leaving Mac Three Sons whose Names were 1. Thomas of Savoy the Third of that Name born 1248. deceased 1282. whose Son Philip obtained all Piemont except the Marquisate of Susa upon the death of his Great Uncle Duke Philip without Issue where his Posterity ruled till the Year 1418. at which time it became extinct in Prince Lewis of Savoy 2. Amadeus the Fifth who in the division of Duke Philip's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Nephew Philip had the County of Savoy c. for his Lot Of this Prince more below 3. Lewis of Savoy Baron of Vaud whose Posterity failed in another Lewis An. 1350. Amadeus the Fifth by reason of his great Exploits surnamed The Great was born in 1249. and died Oct. 16. 1323. In 1310. he was created a Prince of the Empire by the Emperor Henry the Sixth The Children that survived him were 1. Edward born 1284. who succeeded him but died without Issue 1329. And 2. Aymon surnamed Pacificus or Peace-maker born Dec. 15. 1291. who succeeded his Brother Edward and died June 1343. leaving the Government to his Son Amadeus the Sixth who died in the Year 1383. and was succeeded by his Son Amadeus the Seventh surnamed The Red who begat Amadeus the Eighth of whom in the next Section § III. Amadeus the Eighth was born Sept. 4. 1383. and created Duke of Savoy by the Emperor Sigismund on Feb. 19. 1416. In 1418. Piemont in Italy c. fell to him upon the death of his Cousin Lewis without Issue In 1434. he gave up the Government to his Son Lewis betaking himself to an Ecclesiastick Life and died in the Year 1451. Lewis who succeeded him was born 1402. married Anne Lusignan Daughter to Jean King of Cyprus An. 1432. and died 1465. Amongst the Children that survived we find 1. Amadeus the Ninth who succeeded him and died 1472. being succeeded himself by his Son Charles the Second Duke of Savoy who died 1490. leaving his Son Charles John Amadeus Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus born 1448. to succeed him This Charles John died Childless An. 1496. 2. Philip surnamed Sans Terrae or Lack-land born Feb. 5 1438. nevertheless in the extremity of his Age he came to be Duke and Heir to a farthing to all the Lands and Estates of his Grand-Nephew Duke Charles John Amadeus above-mentioned He departed this Life on Nov. 7. 1497. and left the Government to his Son 1. Philibert the Second born 1480. deceased without Issue Sept. 10. 1504. whereupon the Government fell to his Brother 2. Charles the Third born 1486. deceased 1553. whose Son was Emanuel Philibert of whom in the next Section § IV. Emanuel Philibert was born July 1 1428. and from his very Youth proved himself an excellent Souldier in the Service of the Emperour Charles V. On July 9. 1559. he married Margaret Daughter to Francis I. King of France and died Aug. 30. 1580. leaving only a Son Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus born Jan. 12. 1562. a Prince to use the Words of the Learned Im. Hoff in his Geneal Gall. of sublime Parts and happy Memory excellently well read in all sorts of Learning especially Mathematicks He had a very sharp War with the French but with bad success On March 11. 1685. he married Catharina Michaelis of the House of Austria Daughter to Philip II. King of Spain and died July 26. 1630. leaving Issue 1. Philip Emanuel Prince of Piemont born 1586. deceased 1605. 2. Victor Amadeus of whom in the next § 3. Emanuel Philibert Knight of Jerusalem Prince of Oneglia and Vice Roy of Sicily born 1588. deceased at Palermo 1624. 4. Margaret born April 28. 1589. married to Francis Gonzaga Duke of Mantua 1608. deceased June 26. 1655. 5. Isabel born March 11. 1591. and married to Alphonsus of Este Duke of Modena She died 1626. 6. Maurice Cardinal of S.R. E. born Jan. 10. 1593. but afterwards coming to be Prince of Oneglia he married Aboisia Mary his Brother Amadeus's Daughter yet died without Issue Oct. 4. 1657. 7. Mary a profess'd Nun she died 1656. 8. Frances Catharine she was likewise profess'd and died 1641. 9. Thomas Francis Prince of Carignan Dec. 21. 1596. of whom in the last § 10 Joan born and deceased the same Year viz. 1597. § V. 'T is now time Victor Amadeus again appear He was born May 3. 1587. and succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Savoy This Prince was a great Lover of Peace nevertheless a new War breaking out 'twixt France and Spain he declared for the first which involv'd him in so many Difficulties that being oppress'd by 'em he fell into a Fever whereof he died in a few Days Oct. 7. 1637. His Dutchess was Daughter to King Henry IV. of France by whom he had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Aloisia Mary Christina born July 27. 1629. and married to
which he took to Wife Isabel d' Este Daughter to Francis Duke of Modena who likewise is since dead As far as we can hear he has but one Son viz. Odoardus the Third lately married as is reported to Hedewig Elizabeth Amalia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine CHAP. XXII Of the House of Modena § I. THe Dukes of Modena are descended from the Ancient Marquesses of Este whose common Father was Hugo Lord of Padua and Marquess of Este Amongst the Descendants of this Lord we find one Borsus who was created Duke of Modena by the Emperor Frederick the Third and of Ferrara by Pope Paul the Second He was succeeded by his Brother Hercules the First who died in 1505. being succeeded by his Son Alphonso the First who by his Wife Lucretia Daughter to Pope Alexander the Sixth had Hercules the Second Duke of Mantua and Ferrara to whom the Government fell upon the death of his Father in 1534. His Son and Successor was Alphonso the Second who died without Issue in the Year 1597. § II. Now there was surviving at this time Caesar d' Este Son of Alphonso Marquess of Monte Casso natural Son to Alphonso the First Duke of Modena by Laura Eustachia a Woman of obscure Birth who afterwards got the name of Labella Ferratarina Duke Alphonso dying without Issue left this Caesar his Heir by the consent of the Emperors Maximilian the Second and Rodolph the Second But the Pope seized on Ferrara as a Fee Farm of the Church vacant by the death of the last Duke However he was Invested in that of Modena in the Year 1598. and was succeeded therein by his Son Francis the First who died 1656. leaving Issue 1. Alphonsus the Third who succeeded him and in 1655. married Laurentia Cardinal Mazarine's Niece by his Sister of which Match came Alphonso the Fourteenth the present Duke who was born 1656. and married a Princess out of the Family of the Barberini 2. Almerick Prince of Modena where he is at present we cannot so well say 3. Isabel married to Rainulius the Second Duke of Parma c. but some time since dead 4. Mary Eleanor Beatrix married in 73. to James the Second King of Great Brittain the now lives in France CHAP. XXIII Of the Family of the Dukes of Curland THe Dukes of Curland are Originally of Westphalia for Gothard the First Son to Gothard Redlar a Westphalian Knight and Grand Master of the Teutonick Order was created Duke of Curland and Semigallan by Sigismund King of Poland and begat James who succeeded in that Dukedom Duke James in 1645. married Charlotte the Daughter of George William Elector of Brandenburg who died in 76. having born him the following Issue 1. Frederick Casimier the present Duke who married Sophia Amalia of Nassau-Siegen on Dec. 25. 1688. by whom he has hitherto had only Two Daughters 2. Ferdinand a Noble and Valiant Prince Lieutenant-General in the Elector of Brandenburg's Army 3. Alexander Wounded with a Cannon-Ball at the Siege of Buda and died in his way towards Vienna 4. Lovise Elizabeth married to Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse of the Line of Hamburg 1671. 5. Mary Amalia married May 21. 1673. to Charles Landtgrave of Hesse of the Line of Cassel 6. Charlotte who as yet lives unmarried in the King of Sweden's Court. 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Matthias King of Hungary In his Reign PRINTING was first found out the League of Schwaben confirm'd and Constantinople taken by the Turks His Empress was Eleanor Daughter to Edward King of Portugal who bore him five Children whereof Christopher John and Helena died in their Infancy The two that surviv'd were Cunigunda given in Marriage to Albert the Fourth Duke of Bavaria and Maximilian the First in whom the House of Austria was preserv'd was born at Naples in the Year 1459. From his Infancy he pronounc'd his Words with so much difficulty that he was judged by most little better than dumb which Imperfection he so far master'd in the end that he became famous for his Eloquence He was of a generous Disposition and a great Lover of learned Men. He was often under very dangerous Circumstances but always surmounted 'em happily in the end In 1486. he was elected King of the Romans his Father Frederick being yet alive He refus'd to be Crown'd by the Pope but pretended to the Papal Dignity himself In short he magnified Justice loved Humility exercised Clemency and took much pains in searching out the Original of his Family In his Reign the Reformation was set on foot by Luther the Imperial Chamber instituted the Empire divided into Circles Vienna restor'd to the House of Austria and Burgundy and the Provinces of the Low Countries annexed to the same Family The Consorts of his Bed and Fortunes were Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Charles Duke of Burgundy and after her Blanche Mary Daughter of Galeazzo Duke of Milan By the first he had Issue Margaret who after many turns of Fortune was in the end made Governess of the Netherlands and died 1530. And Philip a Prince worthy the noblest Character of whom more immediately in the next Section As for Maximilian being full of Days and Content he piously and peaceably departed this Life on the Twelfth of Jan. 1519. § VII Philip the First styled The Delight of Mankind first saw the Light in 1478. At three Years old he was installed Knight of the Golden Fleece At seventeen his Father gave him the Government of the Low Countries and Burgundy In 1496. he married the Princess Johanna eldest Daughter and Heiress of his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain in whose Right he became immediately possess'd of the Kingdoms of Arragon and Castile But he was not long to preside over so many and so great Provinces being taken off by an untimely death in the Year 1506. and the 28th of his Age nevertheless having first seen himself Father of a fair Issue by his most beloved Consort Queen Joan. The Daughters were 1. Eleanor married first to Emanuel King of Portugal and after his decease to Francis the First King of France 2. Isabella married to Christianus the Second King of Denmark which prov'd a very unhappy Match She died in the Low-Countries An. 1525. 3. Margaret married to Lewis the Infant King of Hungary and after his unhappy death made Governess of the Netherlands 4. Catharine born after her Father's decease betrothed to John Frederick Elector of Saxony but afterwards married to John the Third King of Portugal His Sons were Charles the Fifth and Ferdinand the First betwixt which two Princes there was a Division of the Provinces whence the House of Austria became likewise divided into the Spanish and German Lines And first for the Spanish Of the Spanish Line § VIII THe Author whereof was Charles the Fifth born at Gaunt in Flanders in 1500. At fourteen Years old he had the Government of the Netherlands given him at sixteen he was Crown'd King of Spain at nineteen elected Emperour and Crown'd the Year following at Aix la Chapelle In 1521. he held his first Dyet at Wormes He had very great Wars with Francis the First King of France whom he defeated and made Prisoner in the Year 1525. He likewife seized Rome and besieged the Pope in his Castle there and annexed the Dutchy of Milan for ever to his House In 1532. at a Dyet then held at Ratisbonne the Protestaut Confession of Faith was exhibited and publickly read before him Some Years after he had Wars with the Protestants wherein he took John Frederick Elector of Saxony Prisoner in 1545. and thereupon transferred the Electoral Dignity from him to Maurice Duke of Saxony He likewise caused Philip Landtgrave of Hesse to be put in custody yet in the end concluded the Peace of Passaw with those of that Religion in 1552. Three Years after he abdicated the Government leaving the Empire to his Brother Ferdinand and the Kingdom of Spain with the Low-Countries and its other Dependencies to his Son Philip. After his Abdication he retired to a Cloyster in St. Justus's Monastery in Spain where having spent about two or three Years he piously and peaceably ended his days 1558. leaving Issue by Isabel Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal one Son and two Daughters viz. Mary married to the Emperour Maximilian the Second Joanna to John Infant of Portugal and Philip the Second of whom more in the next Section Besides these he had one natural Daughter named Margaret begotten on Madamoiselle de Plumbes and married to Alexander de Medices Duke of Urbin and after his decease to Octavio Farnesse Duke of Parma As also a Son by Madamoselle de Blomberg namely the most Valiant and Renowned Hero Don John of Austria § IX But to return into our way The only Heir of Charles the Fifth was Philip the Second born 1527. made King of Sicily and Naples 1543. King of England and Ireland in right of his Wife 1554. Lord of the Low-Countries and Duke of Milan 1555. and last of all King of Spain 1556. He obtain'd the famous Victory of St. Quintin over the French but soon after lost Calice to them He was Author of the Spanish Inquisition Moreover he lost seven of the Low-Country Provinces as also the famour Armada sent against the English In 1580. he overcame the Kingdom of Portugal and by force of Arms caused himself to be Crown'd King thereof His first Queen was Mary Daughter to John the Third King of Portugal his second another Mary Daughter to Henry the Eighth King of England and then Queen of that Kingdom his third Isabella or Elizabeth a Daughter of Henry the Second's King of France and his fourth Anne Daughter of the Emperour Maximilian the Second By the first he had Prince Charles born 1565. deceased in Prison 1568. By the third Isabella Clara Eugenia born 1566. married to Albert the Seventh of Austria deceased 1633. and Catharine born 1567. and married to Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy on the Eleventh of March 1585. By the last a Son of his own Name viz. Philip the Third born 1578. in whose Issue the Spanish Line was continued He succeeded his Father in his Kingdoms in 1598. And in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors and Jews out of Spain His death bears date 1621. His Queen was Margaret Daughter
of the Dutchy of Luxenburg as well as of the City of the same Name In 1686. the Principality of Swibuse together with the City of that Name was by an amicable Accommodation deliver'd up to the Elector of Brandenburg Last of all the French King breaking the Truce took Philipsburg on the Rhine from this Family Nov. 1. 1688. O. S. Of its Pretensions § XIX THe Pretensions of the House of Austria are 1. To the Dutchy of Burgundy which appertain'd of right to Maximilian I. as having married Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Burgundy but the then King of France refus'd to invest him on pretence of the Salique Law 2. To Transylvania Moldavia Walachia and Bulgaria as Dependencies of the Kingdom of Hungary 3. To the Counties of Habsburg Baden and Kiburg 4. To the City of Schaffbuse 5. To the Kingdom of Portugal as having actually revolted from that of Spain 6. To the Dutchy of Luxenburg And lastly To the City and Castle of Philipsburg CHAP. II. Of the House of France § I. TO find out the Rise of the present House of France we are to look back as far as Hugh the Great Duke of France Burgundy and Aquitain Marquess of Orleans and Earl of Paris deceased 956. His eldest Son was Hugh Capet Duke of France Marquess of Orleans and Count of Paris who upon the death of Lewis the Slothful last King of France of the Race of Charlemaigne was by the unanimous Consent of the Peers of France inaugurated King of that Kingdom An. 987. And his Son Robert being in the same Year declared his Successor united the aforesaid Provinces to the Crown His Queen was Aloisia Daughter of William Duke of Aquitain by whom he had Issue Robert aforesaid from his great Piety surnamed The Saint who succeeded in the Throne of France upon the death of his Father in the Year 998. He was also Heir to the Dutchy of Burgundy upon his Uncle Henry's decease and departed this Life himself in 1031. having had two Queens viz. Bertha Daughter of Conrade King of Burgundy and Constance Daughter of William Count of Arles and Provence And by then two Sons namely 1. Henry of whom more in the next Section And 2. Robert Propagator of the Line of Burgundy the which became extinct in Philip Duke of Burgundy An. 1361. And whereas it had spread it self into two lesser Branches viz. that of Montaigue and that of Vienne or Dauphiné yet the first fail'd in Claudius de Montaigue An. 1468. the other in Humbert II. 1358. who seeing himself destitute of Issue made over Dauphiné to Philip of Valois King of France for 40000 Florins and on condition That for the future the eldest Son of France should be styled The Dauphin § II. Return we now to Henry I. Crown'd King of France 1031. The beginning of whose Reign was made uneasie by his Mother for she being desirous to advance his Brother Robert to the Throne stirred up many of the Nobility against him But the Business being decided by a Battel the Victory fell to the juster side His Death bears date 1060. And his Issue by Agnes Daughter of Basilius King of Russia were 1. Philip I. And 2. Hugh Count de Vermandois de Valois de Chaumont and d'Amiens whose Posterity fail'd in Rudolph II. Count de Vermandois c. An. 1158. Philip succeeded his Father at the age of nine Years and was Crown'd King of France An. 1060. His first Queen was Bertha Daughter of Florence I. Earl of Holland whom he divorc'd in 1093. and married Bertrada Daughter to Simon Earl of Montfort By the first be had 1. Lewis VI. but first of this Line surnam'd The Gross born 1081. 2. Henry deceased an Infant 3. Constance married to Hugh Earl of Champaigne and after his decease to Boemund Prince of Antioch By the second 1. Philip Count de Mans who married Elizabeth Daughter of Guy the second Baron of Mont le Herry but died without Issue 2. Florus Father of Elizabeth of Nantes 3. Caecilia married first to Tancred Prince of Antioch and after his decease to Pontius of Tholouse Count of Tripoli in Syria And 4. Eustachia espoused to John Count d'Estampes Of these Lewis succeeded his Father at his decease and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1108. His Queen's Name was Adelain Daughter of Humbert II. Duke of Savoy who bore him this following Issue 1. Philip deceased sixteen Years old 2. Lewis VII born 1119. of whom in the next Section 3. Henry Archbishop of Reims 4. Robert III. Count de Dreux whose Posterity became extinct in John An. 1590. 5 Philip Archdeacon of Paris deceased 1164. 6 Peter Baron or Lord of Courtnay whose Posterity fail'd in Stephen de Raviers An. 1383. 7. Hugh deceased in his Infancy And 8. Constance married to Raymund Earl of Tholouse § III. Lewis VII surnam'd The Younger was born in 1119. and Crown'd King of France 1131. His first Queen was Eleanor Daughter and Heiress of William Duke of Aquitain whom he divorc'd in 1152. After which she was married to Henry Duke of Normandy who coming afterwards to be King of England did grievously annoy the French King His second was Constance Daughter to Alphonso VIII King of Castile who died in 1159. And his third Alice Daughter of Theobald Earl of Chambagne whom he married in 1161. She died 1205. By the first he had Issue 1. Mary married to Henry Count de Champagne She died 1179. And 2. Alice married to Theobald Earl of Chartres and Blois By the second only a Daughter named Margaret married to Henry eldest Son of Henry II. King of England and after his decease to Bela III. King of Hungary whom she likewise out-liv'd and went in Pilgrimage to the Holy Land in the City of Acres An. 1198. By by the third 1. Philip II. surnamed Augustus born Aug. 22. 1166. 2. Alice married to William Count de Ponthieu And 3. Agnes given in marriage to Comenius Alexius Emperour of Constantinople 1180. and after his death to Theodore Branas Lord of Adrianople Philip II.'s Inauguration to the Crown of France was Nov. 1. 1179. This Prince very much enlarged both the Power and Patrimony of the Crown of France for having overcome John sans Terre or Lack-land King of England he brought Normandy Bretagne Anjon Touraine Poictiers Clermont and part of Aquitain under his Jurisdiction His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of Baldwin IV. Earl of Haynault after whose decease he married Ingeburg Daughter of Waldemar King of Denmark but being afterwards divorc'd from her proceeded to a third Choice which was the Lady Agnes Daughter of Berthold Duke of By the first he had Issue only Lewis VIII born 1187. of whom in the next Section But by the third 1. Philip Earl of Bologne Clermont c. who by Maud Daughter of Reginald Earl of Dammarlin had Issue a Daughter named Joan and married to Scaevola de Châtillon 2. Mary after the decease of her first Husband Philip of Haynault Earl of
Namur re-married to Henry IV. Duke of Brabant She died 1238. § IV. Lewis VIII was Crown'd King of France in 1224. having before this been elected and had Fealty solemnly sworn him as King of England by the Nobility of that Kingdom at London An. 1216. But the English upon the death of King John changed their Minds and return'd to their Allegiance to the young King Henry III. Whereupon despising the Natural INCONSTANCY of that Nation he return'd for France Nor was he long to govern that Realm being taken off by an untimely death in the Year 1226. His Queen's Name was Blanche Daughter of Alphonso IX King of Castile by whom he had nine Children whereof five died young The four that out-liv'd him were 1. Lewis IX surnam'd The Saint born April 25. 1215. 2. Robert Earl of Artois which Branch of the Family wither'd in Charles d'Artois Count d'Eu in the Year 1472. 3. Charles Earl of Anjou and Main born 1220 Crown'd King of both the Sicily's in 1266. or 63. and Titular King of Jerusalem ten Years after His Posterity reign'd in the Kingdom of Naples 'till 1435. in Hungary 'till 1325. and in Poland 'till 1400. 4. Alphonso married indeed yet deceased without Issue As for Queen Isabella their Mother she ended her Life in a Cloyster where she retired after the King her Husband's death Lewis IX was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1226. and very much improv'd the Demesnes of the Crown He took upon him the Croisade and made an Expedition to the Holy Land in which War he was taken Prisoner by the Sarazens after the City of Damieta had surrender'd to him But being ransom'd by his Subjects return'd home After this he ventur'd on a second Expedition but died of the Plague at the Siege of Tunis An. 1270. His Queen was margaret Daughter of Reimund Berengarius Earl of Provence who departed this life 1285. having born him this following Issue 1. Isabella born 1241. married to Theobald II. King of Navarr deceased 1275. 2. Lewis who took to Wife Berengaria Daughter of Alphonso X. King of Castile yet died without Issue 1275. 3. Philip III. surnam'd the Bold born 1245. of whom in the next Section 4. John Earl of Nevers and Valois deceased without Issue 1270. 5. Blanche married to Ferdinand Prince of Castile deceased 1320. 6. Peter Count d'Alençon and Chartres deceased Issueless 1283. 7. Robert V. Count de Clermont and Lord of Bourbon of whom more beneath in the Line of Bourbon Sect. XII as Ancestor in a direct Line of the present French King § V. Philip III. surnam'd the Bold was Crown'd King of France in 1271. A Prince very deficient in most of chose Vertues that should adorn a King given to drink and easily led by those that were about him Surnam'd The Bold not from any true Courage that was eminent in him but because in that fostness of Mind he would yet brutishly expose himself to the greatest Dangers in time of Action His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of James I. King of Arragon who died in 1271. after which he married Mary Daughter to Henry III. Duke of Brabant and departed this Life 1285. The Issue that survived were 1. Philip IV. surnam'd The Fair born 1268. 2. Charles Earl of Valois Anjou c. of whom in the next Section as Author and Propagator of the Line of Valois 3. Lewis Count d'Eureux whose Posterity became extinct in Charles III. King of Navarr An. 1416. 4. Margaret married to Edward I. King of England in 1300. or 1. And 5. Blanche to Rudolph of Austria in the same Year She died 1305. Of these Philip the Fair succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1286. He join'd the Kingdom of Navarr to that of France which Kingdom was brought him in Marriage by his Wife Joan together with the County of Aquitain and Territory of Brigen He had a sharp War with the Flemings by whom his Forces were utterly defeated at the famous Battel of Courtray He had also several Contests with the Pope to whom he return'd the famous Answer of Sciat tua Magna Fatuitas Nos in Temporalibus nemini subesse upon his Holiness's pretending to command and direct him in some secular Affairs Moreover the Order of Knights Templars was first abolish'd by his Example and Interest throughout Christendom in the Year 1311. or 7. His Issue necessary to be here mention'd were 1. Lewis X. surnam'd Hutin King of France and Navarr born 1280. Crown'd 1315 or 14. deceased and that without Issue Male 1316. 2. Philip V. surnam'd The Long King of France and Navarr born 1292. Crown'd 1317. or 6. deceased likewise without Issue Male 1321. or 2. 3. Charles IV. surnam'd The Fair King of France and Navarr who had the same fate with his Brethren for he died in 1327 8. leaving his Wife with Child which likewise prov'd a Daughter 4. Isabella married at twelve Years old to Edward II. King of England Jan. 28. 1307. O. S. deceased 1375. Of the Line of Valois § VI. WE now return to Charles Count de Valois d'Anjou du Main d'Alençon and du Perche second Son to Philip the Bold He was thrice married his first Wife being Margaret Daughter of Charles II. King of Sicily His second Catharine de Courtney Daughter of the Emperour of Constantinople And his third Maud Daughter of Guy de Châtillon Count de St. Paul who died 1358. By these he had Issue as followeth 1. Isabella married to John III. Duke of Bretagne deceased 1309. 2. Joan the Wife of William the Good Earl of Haynault Holland and Zealand She died in the Year 1400. 3. Philip VI. of whom in the next Section 4. Charles Count d'Alençon and de Chartres whose Posterity became extinct in Charles Duke d'Alençon in the Year 1512. 5. Margarct married to Guy de Châtillon Earl of Blois 6. Catharine to Charles of Sicily Earl of Tarento 7. Joan to Robert of Artois Earl of Beaumont She died 1363. 8. Lewis Earl of Chartres deceased without Issue An. 1328. 9. Isabella Lady Abbess of Fonteverard 10. Mary married to Charles of Sicily Duke of Calabria 11. Another Isabel married to Peter I. Duke of Bourbon And 12. Blanche to the Emperour Charles IV. She died 1345. § VII Wherefore after the decease of the three Brethren Lewis Hutin Philip the Long and Charles the Fair without Issue Male the Government was setled on Philip de Valois their Cousin-Germain notwithstanding the Claim of Edward III. King of England Son to Isabel eldest Sister of the three last Kings whose Pretensions as the French said were cut off by the Salique Law Nevertheless it was soon after the occasion of a bloody War 'twixt him and King Philip Whose two Wives were Joan Daughter of Robert II. Duke of Burgundy deceased 1348. and Blanche Daughter of Philip King of Navarr who died 1398. By theâ—â— he had Issue 1. John I. surnam'd The Good 2. Philip Duke of Orleans deceased without
King Edward's Assistance recovers it and does him Homage and swears Fealty for it 1333. And now there happening some disgust between him and Philip de Valois King of France he bethinks himself of his Title to thâ— Crown in right of Isabel his Mother 〈◊〉 which the Banishment of Robert de Artois by King Philip his Brother who fled for safety to him gave him a fair Opportunity Nor was he wanting to it for he not only receiv'd him joyâ—ully but made him Earl of Richmend and of his Council 1336. which he liv'd not long to enjoy for after six years serving him in France he was wounded at the Siege of Vanner and brought to England where he died 1342. The Year following he instituted the Order of the Garter and created his eldest Son Edward Prince of Wales In July 1346. he enters Normandy with a mighty Army and takes the Prince with him who not full Sixteen fought the Battel of Cressy in Picardy on St. Bartholomew's Day the same Year and obtain'd so great a Victory that Callice was forthwith besieg'd and surrender'd Aug. 3. 1347. On which the King took the Title and Arms of France and return'd for England where the Prince Electors signifie to him That they had chosen him King of the Romans which he refused In the Year 1356. the Prince goes over again fights the Battel of Poictiers in Poictou and takes John the French King Prisoner Septemb 19. the same Year Returns for England brings the said King with him whence he was not deliver'd 'till 1360. at what time an Accord had been made on his behalf at Britigny near Chartres During this Cessation with France the Prince of Wales accompanied with his Brother John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster relieves Peter King of Castile and Leon expuls'd by his Bastard-Brother Henry and restor'd him 1367. But little of the Accord with France being perform'd the King upon his return sends the Prince into Acquitain and in a short time the said Duke John and his younger Brother Edmond Earl of Cambridge to aid him to whom his Health failing him he left the profecution of the War and return'd himself 1371. Nor did his Brother John much after him save that coming for England he by reason of the Prince's sickness wholly manag'd his aged Father which being taken notice of by some of the Prince's Friends he is banâ—â—â—'d the Court Not long after which the Prince died 1375 being the Forty ninth of his Father's Reign and Forty sixth of his Age. His Wise was Joan Daughter of Edmond Earl of Kent his Father's Brother by whom he had 1. Edward born at Angoulesm and died young 2. Richard born at Bourdeaux who succeeded his Grandfather As also two Natural Sons 1. Sir John Sounder 2. Sir Reger Clarendon put to death by Henry IV. for endeavouring the Restauration of his said Brother Richard 1402. And now after the Prince's death the Duke of Lancaster came in play again and openly favour'd John Wickliffe to the great disturbance of the State and therefore lest he might do by Richard of Bâ—urdeaux as Earl John had done by his Nephew Arthur the King providently setled the Succession in Parliament upon the said Richard creating him first Earl of Cheste and Câ—rnwal and then Prince of Wales and died June 21. 1377. in the Sixty fourth Year of his Age and Fiftieth of his Reign He had to Wise Philippa of Haynault who bore him Have Daughters 1. Isabel married to Ingelram Lord of Coueâ— Earl of Sâ—â—â—â—â—ns and Bedford afterwards Archduke of Austria 2. Joan to Alphonso II. of Castile by Proxy but die before it was consummated 3. Mary to John Menserd Duke of Bretagne 4. Margaret to John Hastings Earl of Pembrâ—â—â— but died without Issae 5. Also another Daughter Blanch who died young And seven Sons 1. Edward surnamed The Black Prince of whom before 2. William surnamed Of Hatfield the Place of his Birth He died young 3. Lionel born at Antwerp 1338. made Earl of Ulster in Ireland in right of his Wise Elizabeth Daughter of William Burgh Earl of Ulster with whom also he had the Honour of Clare in the County of Thoumond in that Kingdom and thence created Dake of Clarence She brought him one Daughter only Philippa married to Edmond Mortimer Eail of March Mother of Reger Earl of March Father of Anne Countess of Cambridge Grandmother of King Edward IV. 4 John surnamed Of Gaunt where he was hom 1342. Created Duke of Lancaster 1352. He had three Wives 1. Blanch Daughter and Heir of Henry Earl of Lancaster Son of Edmond Crouch back youngest Son of King Henry III. as before by whom he had Henry of Bullenbrook Earl of Derby who usurp'd upon Richard II. and was the first of the Lancastrian Kings His second Wise was Constance eldest Daughter of Peter King of Castile and Leon in whose Right he bore the same Title and had by her Catharine whose Posterity became Kings of Spain in her Right His third Wife was Catharine Widow of Sir Hugh Swinford an English Knight eldest Daughter and Co heir of Pain Red Guien King at Arms her younger Sifter married Sir Jeoffry Chaucer the English Laureat He had by her before Marriage several Children surnamed De Beaufort from a Castle of his in France of that Name where they were born In regard of which they gave a Portcullis for their Cognisance and were all of them legitimated in Parliament 1397. with this Clause nevertheless Excepting the Reg Dignity As 1. John first Knighted and afterwards created Earl of Somerset 1398. 2. Henry afterwards Bishop of Winchester Cardinal of St. Eusebius and Chancellor of England 3. Thomas first created Earl of Dorset 1398. and afterwards Duke of Exeter 1414. 4. And one Daughter Joan first married to Ralph Nevil Baron of Wemm created afterwards the first Earl of West mâ—rland And after him to Robert Ferrers Lord of Owseley 5. Edmond of Langley born 1342. created Earl of Cambridge 1362. Duke of York 1386. He was the first that gave the White Rose and died 1402. His Wife was Isabella youngest Daughter of the said Peter King of Castile by whom he had Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cambridge married to Anne Mortimer Daughter of Roger Earl of March by whom he had Richard Duke of York slain at the Battel of Wakefield 1460. Father of 1. Edward Duke of York who recover'd the Crown from King Henry VI. 2. George Duke of Clarence 3. Richard Duke of Gloucester afterwards King 6. William of Windsor who died young 7. Thomas of Woodstock a Man valiant and wise He was created Earl of Buckingham 1376. then Duke of Gloucester by Richard II. and at last treacherously made away some say strangled at Callice 1397. XII Richard II. born at Bourdeaux 1367. succeeded his Grandfather and was Crown'd July 16. 1377. in the 11th Year of his Age. The Care of him was first committed to certain Bishops and Earls and lastly to Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick 1379. In the Year 1382.
1421. and being not above nine Months old at the death of his Father was proclaimed King of England and France Aug. 30. 1422. and committed to the Custody of Thomas Duke of Exeter and Henry de Beaufort Bishop of Winchester his Uncles John Duke of Bâ—dford and Humphrey Duke of Gloucester having been appointed the former Regent of France the other Protector of England And now Charles VI. of France being also dead the Dauphin his Son cansed himself to be proclaim'd King by the Name of Charles VII On which many of the French Nohility revoked to him Nor was the Regent idle during this time but took several Places of Strength from him gave him a defeat at Cravant in Buâ—goigne 1423 recover'd Campeigne and Crâ—tâ—te beat him a second time at the Battel of Vernoile 1424. and follow'd it with success 'till Montacute Earl of Salisbury being slain by a Great-shot in the Castle of Orleans 1428. the Fortune of the English began to be at a stand For at this Siege it was that the Maid of Orleans or Jean d'Arcque was brought to the said Charles as a Person inspired by God for the delivery of her Country and that Miracles might be expected from her Conduct However it were it so wrought on the Superstition of the People that she may be said to have turn'd again the Fate of France And Charles VII took that heart upon it that he forthwith came before Rheims which was yielded to him and himself Crown'd there 1428. The Year following King Henry went over in Person and was Crown'd in Paris Decemb. 17. 1431. and after a Year's stay there return'd for England Not long after viz Septemb. 14. 1435. the Duke of Bedford died and Richard Duke of York was made Regent but remov'd 1439. and the Earl of Warwick substituted in his room Upon whose death the Duke of York was again made Regent 1441. And upon a Treaty of Peace between the two Kings 1444. William de la Pâ—â—l Earl of Suffolk and others are appointed Commissioners for the King of England But finding nothing like to come of it he proposes a Match between the King and Margaret Daughter of Reiner Duke of Anjou Titular King of Sicily Naples and Jerusalem which however opposed by the Duke of Gloucester Protector of the Realm took that effect that they were married May 18. 1445. And the Duke of York again removed and the Queen and Suffâ—lk by this time made Duke prevail upon the King's Mildness and govern all things at their pleasure This and the like so disgusted the Duke of York that he began to tamper about his Title to the Crown to which the death of the Cardinal of VVinchester 1448. the Exorbitances of Suffolk and the Duke of Gloucester's the main Prop of the House of Lancaster having been discharg'd from the Protectorship imprison'd and sound dead in his Bed the Year before gave no small encouragement All which being turn'd upon Suffolk he is erclaim'd at by the Commons impeach'd by the Lords and thereupon fled for France but taken in his way had his Head struck off against the side of a Cock boat 1450. To him succeeded in equal Favour of the Queen and Hatred of the People Edmond Duke of Somerset And therefore York having gotten to his Party the two Nevils Father and Son the one Earl of Salisbury the other of VVarwick he rais'd Forces under pretext of removing divers Counsellors from about the King and after several Transactions forward and backward worsted the King at the Battel of St. Albany May 23. 1455. where the Duke of Somerset was slain the King taken Prisoner a Parliament call'd the Duke of York declar'd Protector of the Realm and the Earl of VVarwick Captain of Callice All which was again overturn'd by the Queen and her Party the Year following and the Duke of York and his Friends having gotten into Ireland were attainted in Parliament 1459. Notwithstanding which they return again and being headed by Edward Earl of March fight the King at Northampton and take him Prisoner July 9. 1460. On this the Duke of York Father of the said Edward enter'd the House of Lords the Parliament then sitting seated himself in the Throne To whom said he it of right belongeth The Parliament on this openly declar'd for his Title but in regard Henry had been taken as King for Thirty eight Years it was condescended That he should hold the Title and Name of King and have the Possession of the Realm during his natural Life but if he either died resign'd or forfeited the same by breaking or going against any Point of that Accord that then the said Crown and Regal Authority should be immediately devolved and come to the Duke of York if he were then living Or in case he died to the next Heir of his Lineage And that the Duke of York should from thenceforth be Protector and Regent of the Land All which being sworn to by both Parties and enacted in Parliament Novemb. 1. 1461. Richard Duke of York on the Saturday next ensuing was proclaimed Heir Apparent to the Crown and Protector of the Realm During this time the Queen a Lady of a Courage beyond her Sex had rais'd an Army to rescue the King met the Protector at VVakefield the Christmas following where he was routed and slain and King Henry gotten into her hands again The Earl of March on the other hand now Duke of York by the death of his Father lay with Forces in Gloucestershire and upon hearing of this Defeat made to the Queen and worsted her first at Mortimer's Cross near Hereford the Candlemas-day after and on the 17th of the same Month gave her a total defeat near St. Alban's In which yet the most remarkable Man slain was Sir John Gray On which King Henry with the Queen and Prince Edward their Son got into the North and the Duke of York was proclaim'd King in the head of the Army After which King Henry liv'd somewhat more than Ten Years but generally unfortunate as shall be shown in the next Paragraph and at last died in the Tower some say of Grief or as others murder'd by Richard Duke of Gloucester May 23. 1471. in the Fifty second Year of his Age having reigned of that Thirty eight Years His Wife was Margaret Daughter of Reiner Duke of Anjou c. of whom before by whom he had Edward Prince of Wales born at Westminster Octob. 13. 1453. taken at the Battel of Teuxbury of which in the next Paragraph May 4. 1471. and the same day kill'd in cold Blood by George Duke of Clarence and the said Duke of Gloucester XVI And now Edward IV. having taken upon him the Covernment he was as well by Right of Inheritance as the Accord before mentioned proclaimâ—d King throughout London March 4. 1401. Nor was he searce warm in his Seat ere the comoved King Henry return'd out of the North with a mighty Force but was overthrown by King Edward at Tow ton Field
further praying That she might have leave to unfold the Injuries she had receiv'd and answer the Crimes objected in her presence withal alledging It was but reasonable that the Queen should hear her and restore her to her Kingdom against those whom when they liv'd in exile for their Offences against her she had fully restor'd at the Queen's Intercession but to her own undoing if not prevented in time Lastly beseeching her That she might have admittance to her and assistance from her or depart out of the Kingdom with her leave to crave aid elsewhere forasmuch as she came into it of her own accord as relying upon her Love so often honourably promis'd by Letters Messages and Tokens Upon this the Queen commiserating her Condition could have found in her Heart to have restor'd her had the Council thought it stood with the Queen's security And therefore the Question was What should be done with her To detain her in England it was to be fear'd those that favour'd her Title to the Crown would leave nothing unattempted to set it on her Head And moreover the Trust of Keepers was very uncertain To send her for France the Guises her Kindred were too powerful and to return her into Scotland those that favour'd the English would be put from their Places the French advanc'd the young King expos'd to danger the Religion chang'd Ireland invaded by the Highlanders and Queen Elizabeth in hazard at home And therefore it was thought best to detain her 'till she had given satisfaction for usurping the Title and Arms of England and anser'd for the Death of the Lord Darnly a Native Subject of the Queen's Yet it had this effect That the Queen sent to Murray and his Confederates to come and answer the Queen of Scots's Complaints and give sufficient Reasons why they had depriv'd her or that she would restore her On which Murray with seven others came to York the Place appointed and were the same Day met by the Duke of Norfolk and two others Commissioners for Queen Elizabeth But the Queen of Scots disdaining to be heard by her Subjects or any thing less than the Queen her self nothing came of it but Words And Murray return'd to his Regency but riding through Lithquo was shot dead by a Hamilton 1569. In whose room was elected by the Lords of Scotland the before-mention'd Matthew Earl of Lenox the young King's Grandfather And now frequent applications having been made to Queen Elizabeth by the Ambassadours of France and Spain for the Delivery of the Queen of Scots but without effect she was Excommunicated by Pope Pius V. Feb. 24. the same Year which occasion'd her many Troubles and at last the death of the Queen of Scots who after an Eighteen Years imprisonment was arraign'd tried and sentenc'd by ' special Commission at Fotheringham-Castle for that pretending a Title to the Crown of England she was privy and consenting to several Treasons tending to the Invasion of England and the Hurt Death and Destruction of the Queen Octob. 25. 1586. And thereupon Infesto Regibus Exemplo as says her Epitaph securi percutitur Feb. 8. following and Forty sixth Year of her Age albeit the King of France and more particularly the King of Scots her Son and several others made strong Intercessions to have sav'd her However the Queen seems troubled at her Death and lays it to the Inconsiderateness of her Secretary Davyson and to that purpose sent a Letter in excuse of it written with her own Hand by Sir Robert Cary whom the King refus'd to set foot in Scotland and with much ado receiving his Letter re call'd his Ambassadour and breath'd nothing but Revenge And yet the Queen gave not over but sending him the Sentence of the Star Chamber against Davyson and an Instrument signed by all the Judges in which they averr That the Sentence against the Queen of Scott could in no wise prejudice his Right in the Succession it so mollified that he made a Vertue of Necessity and chose rather to wait with Patience thâ—n hazard all by an uncertain War with England And now come that Climacterical Year of the World as Astrologers call'd it to wit 1588 at what time there being an actual Treaty then on foot between the Crowns of England and Spain and Commissioners on both sides then sitting upon it near Ostend but made use of by the Prince of Parma only to trifle away time 'till the Spanish Armada came upon the English Coast Philip II. King of Spain makes an attempt upon England with 130 Ships whereof 72 were Galeasses and Galleons in which were 19290 Soldiers besides Mariners and Gally-Slaves to have been join'd by the Prince of Parma with 50000 Veterans But where ever lay the Miscarriage abroad every hand was so at work at home that enobling our Coasts with their mighty Spoils those few of them that escap'd return'd with more Confasion than they set forth with Expectation After which the King of Scots by her Ambassidour Sir Robert Sidney let the Queen know That he had over-pass'd all Injuries and desired a sincere and perfect Amity with her And as an instance of it not only married Anne Daughter of Frederick II. King of Denmark with the Queen 's good liking 1589. But when O Rork having rebell'd against her in Ireland was driven into Scotland he was upon the Queen's Request deliver'd back into Ireland 1590. Nor was there after that any Solemnity of an Embassie ever pass'd between them but as occasion offer'd it was constantly dispatch'd by a private Messenger 'till the day of her death which the Scots had a long time impatiently expected but believ'd never would be while there was an Old Woman alive in England tho' at last it came to pass March 24. 1602. in the 69th year of her Age and 45th of her Reign But never married XXIV § VIII To her succeeded James VI. Kiug of Scotland Grandchild of James IV. King of Scotland by Margaret eldest Daughter of Henry VII King of England who the Male Line being extinct had the indisputable Title to the Crowns of England and Ireland and was thereupon proclaim'd King of England Scotland and Ireland the same Day that the Queen died Of which he had first notice by an unsent Messenger the before-mention'd Sir Robert Cary whom upon his coming into England he some Years after made Baron Leppington And upon a more solemn Address from the Lords of the Council came for England and was together with his Queen Crown'd July 25. 1603. being St. James's Day A little before which there having been several Embassies made to Congratulate their Access to the Crown the King created a Standing Officer for the Reception and Introduction of Ambassadours by the Name of Master of the Ceremonies with the yearly Fee of 200 l. of whom the first was Sir Lewis Lakenor Nor had the King been scarce warm in his Throne when the Lord Cobham and others were arraign'd and convicted of High-Treason for a
Conspiracy to kill the King raise a Rebellion alter Religion subvert the State and procure an Invasion of which Sir Walter Raleigh a mortal Enemy to Spain and no Friend of the Scots was one and after a Fourteen Years reprieval by the means of the Spanish Lieger Gundomar had his Head taken off upon the former Judgment though there wanted not those that thought it was Jure Injuria And now came on the Business of Spain As King of Scotland the King was in Amity with Spain as King of England at War with it And therefore finding himself under that double Circumstance he first call'd in all Letters of Mart against the Spaniard and not long after concluded a Peace with them to the Confirmation of which Albertus and Isabella Archdukes of Austria were sworn And thus in Peace with all Christendom the King created his Second Son Charles Duke of Albany then Four Years old Duke of York Jan. 2. 1604. with the yearly Fee of 40 l. payable by the Sheriff of York out of the Issues c. of that County The Year following was discover'd the Gun-Powder Treason Plot which ended in the Attainder and Death of the Conspirators and was particularly congratulated by the King of Spain and Archdukes of Austria In the Year 1610. the King having had an Aid of his Subjects to make his Son a Knight created Prince Henry now Seventeen Years of Age Prince of Wales but he liv'd not long to enjoy it for during the Treaty of a Marriage between Frederick Prince Palatine of the Rhine with the Lady Elizabeth the King 's only Daughter he sell sick and died Novemb. 6. 1612. However the Marriage took effect and was consummated on St. Valentine's Day following And Prince Charles created Prince of Wales 1615. But hear the time the King had created his Son Henry Prince of Wales he created a new Patent-Honour of descendible Knighthood by the Name of Knights Baronets The occasion thus In the beginning of the King's Reign Charles Lord Montjoy Lord Deputy of Ireland return'd for England and brought over with him Hugh O Neal Earl of Tyrone who Queen Elizabeth yet living had submitted himself to the Queen's Mercy and whom the King pardon'd and made proclamation That he should be treated with Respect and Honour And yet in 1609. he goes off into Ireland and with Tyrconnel and others gets beyond-Sea and sollicites a new Assistance from foreign Princes but having left several forfeited Lands behind them in the Counties of Colerain Tyrone and Donegal the King comes to Articles with the City of London for the planting and building the same Which being accepted the King by his Charter 1611. erects the Ville of Derry into a City and the Town of Colerain into a Mayor-Town and together with the said forfeited Lands consolidates the whole into one County by the Name of the County of London-Derry And having by the same Charter created a Body Politick of Twenty four Persons Twelve of them to be annually elected out of the Twelve First Companies of London for the Government of the same by the Name of The Society of the Governour and Assistants London of the New Plantation of Ulster in the Realm of Ireland grants the said City Town County and forfeited Lands to the said Society and their Successors in perpetuity under the yearly Rent of 205 l. And now to give Countenance to it and put 200000 l. in his Pocket without being beholden to his Subjects he erected this new Honour and for him his Heirs and Successors covenanted with each of them respectively That they and the Heirs Males of their Body should take Place next the youngest Sons of Barons That by way of augmentation to their own Arms they should bear a part of O Neal's Arms viz. in a Canton or Escutcheon Argent a hand Dextre couped Gules And lastly stinted their Number to Two hundred Persons whose Issue as they chanc'd to fail should not be supplied with new Persons but the Order to run out In which last Clause yet the King covenanted for himself only and left out his Heirs and Successors tho' if the printed Lists be true Himself made Two hundred and One. In consideration of which each of them was to maintain Thirty Foot-Soldiers in Ireland for Three Years after the rate of Eight-pence a Day and for the payment of the Monies strike a Tally in the Exchequer for 1000 l. The King also some time after erected a like Order of Baronets of Nova Scotia who instead of the said Hand dextre couped should wear an Orange-colour'd Ribbon athwart their Shoulders as Knights of the Bath their Red Ribbon with a Medal on which the Arms of Scotland were enamell'd and a Pear-Pearl at the end of it with this Motto Faxment is honestae Gloria But whether besides the advantage of another Plantation he got as much by the one as he did by the other does not appear Though this may be said of both All Parties were well satisfied Nor happen'd there during this time any thing much remarkable saving the breaking one Favourites Neck to make way for another the placing and displacing of Great Officers the frequent Creations of Nobility which though it added to their Number may perhaps be thought to have taken from their Grandeur and the Death of Queen Anne which happen'd March 2. 1619. The Palsgrave Frederick thus strengthen'd with the Alliance of England was in the Year 1621. elected King of Bohemia Nor was he sooner invested in the Crown than the Imperial Bann issued against him which was so seconded with a longer Sword that having lost the Battel of Prague and with it his New Crown and his own Patrimony of the Upper and Lower Palatinate he was forc ' to retire into Holland On this King James though he never could be brought to own his Son-in-Law as a King had that care of his Daughter that he sent an Embassie to the Emperour to sollicite the Restitution of the Palatinate which returning without success he consults Gundomar what to do in the matter who advises him to make a Marriage with the Prince his Son and the Infanta of Spain Which said he would be easily effected if the Prince might have leave to make a Journey into Spain Which was accordingly done and the Prince receiv'd with all the Kindness and Magnificence imaginable Where having been spun out for eight Months together to no purpose contrary to the Expectation of most Men he return'd safe into England Whereupon the King taking new measures it was first resolv'd to recover the Palatinate by Arms in which the Parliament promised him a liberal Assistance and next to provide the Prince a Wife elsewhere For which purpose an Embassie was sent into France to treat of a Marriage with Henrietta Maria younger Daughter of King Henry IV. and Sister of Lewis XIII King of France which took effect but was not consummated 'till after the Death of King James which happen'd March 27. 1625. in the
1648. in the Forty eighth Year of his Age and Twenty fourth of his Reign And thus fell this oppress'd King than whom many have worn a Crown longer no one left it with so much Resolution His Queen and Relict was Henrietta Maria as hath been before said by whom he had Four Sons and as many Daughters 1. Charles Stuart born Christen'd and died the same Day March 18. 1628. 2. Charles Stuart Prince of Wales born May 29. 1630. who after a Twelve Years subversion of the Government was restor'd 1660. 3. James Stuart Duke of York born Octob. 14. 1633. who his Brother dying without Issue succeeded him in the Crown 4. Henry Stuart Duke of Gloucester born July 8. 1640. died after the Restauration Septemb. 13. 1660. His Daughters 1. Mary Stuart born Novemb. 4. 1631. married to William of Nassau Prince of Orange May 2. 1641. by whom she had one Son Henry William born nine Days after the Death of his Father Crown'd King of England April 11. 1689. She died Decemb 24. 1660. 2. Elizabeth Stuart born Decemb. 28. 1635. died Septemb. 8. 1650. 3. Anne Stuart born March 17. 1636. died Decemb. 8. 1640. 4. Henrietta Maria Stuart born June 16. 1644 at Exeter from whence she was convey'd into France and married to Philip Duke of Orleans Brother to Lewis XIV the present King of France She died 1670. King Charles I. being thus dead and that whatever it were of a Parliament according to the known Laws of England thereby dissolv'd they that had kill'd the Father knew they could not be secure 'till they had done as much by the Son and therefore immediately abolish the Monarchy and turn the Name Style Title and Test of the King into that of The Keepers of the Liberty of England by Authority of Parliament and make it High-Treason to proclaim or any ways to promote Charles Stuart commonly call'd Prince of Wales or any other Person to be King c. Yet this hindred not but that several printed Declarations in the Name of the Nobility Judges Gentry and other the Freemen of England were scattered about London thereby recognizing the Prince's Hereditary Birth-right to the Crown c. and their Resolutions of defending it to the last Man Dated Feb. 1. in the First Year of the Reign of King Charles II. XXVI The House of Lords was yet sitting and sent to the Commons for a Conference touching these matters who instead of vouchsafing them an Answer by their Votes Feb. 6. declare the Kingly Office to be unnecessary and burthensome and the Lords House dangerous and useless and therefore to be laid aside Against these Proceedings the Lords protest and the Army set a Guard upon their House to prevent their assembling And the Commons wholly took it away and their Privilege of Peerage with it unless being duly Qualified they shall be elected to sit in Parliament And thereupon enacted themselves The Supreme Authority of the Nation A Commonwealth and Free State without any King or House of Lords And committed the Executive Part of the Government to A Council of State erected by them of whom Forty were principal Officers in the Army And having obliterated the very Prints of Monarchy they proceeded to the Sale of King's Queen's Prince's Bishops Dean and Chapters and Delinquents Lands of which themselves were for the most part Purchasers and that at easie Rates During this time the Parliament of Scotland that they might at least seem not wanting to their Duty recognize the King's undoubted Right of Succession to the Crowns of these Kingdoms But with this Clause in it That he be not admitted to the Exercise of it 'till he had given Satisfaction to the Kingdom touching the Security of Religion and the Unity betwixt the Kingdoms according to the National Covenant and the Solemn League and Covenant Middleton on the other hand and several of the Scots Nobility that were for having the King admitted without previous Conditions take Arms in the Highlands but were dispers'd before the Marquess of Montross who with Men and Arms was just landed in the Isles of Orkney could come up to join them However this nothing daunted his Magnanimity but that with the Assistance of some few that came in to him he successfully made good the King's Interest against the Covenanters as he had formerly done his Royal Father's in 1645. And now they at home finding no great danger to be yet fear'd from Scotland cast an eye upon Ireland where the Irish had generally submitted to the King's Authority and with the Assistance of several of the English that had serv'd his Father had in a manner reduc'd the whole Kingdom excepting Dublin and the more remote parts of Ulster And having laid a new Tax of 90000 l. a Month for the maintenance of the Army they order Seven Regiments of Foot Four of Horse and One of Dragoons to be sent thither and appoint Cromwel General and his Son Ireton Lieutenant-General for the Expedition who with all the haste that could be transported their Forces and landed in Dublin Aug. 5. 1649. whence after a little refreshment Cromwel marches them for Drogedah and after several repulses takes it by storm puts all to the sword with out respecting either Age Sex or Condition and in less than a Year subdues the most part of the Kingdom to the Power of the New Commonwealth and returns for England leaving Iretan to finish the rest which he liv'd not to effect but died of the Plague at Limerick and was succeeded by Ludiour While things went thus in Ireland the Estates of Scotland had spun out a lingering Treaty with the King at Breda during which the Kirk-Party having surpriz'd Mentrosa defeated his Forces and gotten himself betray'd into their hands they bring him to Edinburgh hang him on a Gallows Thirty Foot high and quarter him May 21. 1650. at what time yet his Resolution was so great and his Deportment so winning that he won more from them by his manner of Dying than he could have vanquish'd in the Field by Arms. However the Treaty took effect at last and the King lands in Scotland and was proclaim'd at Edinburgh July 15. And now the Men at Westminster better known by the Name of The Rump think it high time to look about them and form an Army to be sent thither Fairfax should have commanded it but whether it were that the Covenant had bewitch'd him or Cromwel out-witted him he declin'd the Charge and Cromwel is made Generalissimo and with 16000 effective Men enters Scotland and has a Fleet on the Coasts to attend his motions Nor was it long ere he engag'd the Scots Army and gave them 6000 Horse and Dragoons and 15000 Foot a Defeat at Musleburgh and a total Rout at Dunbar Septemb. 3. the same Year On which they quit Edinburgh and retiring to St. Johnsteun for new Recruits Crown the King at Scoon Jan. 1. following Nor was Cromwel idle all this time but having Edinburgh-Castle surrender'd
Death bears date 1611. in the sixty first Year of his Age. The first Wife he married was Anne Mary Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine by whom he had a Daughter named Catharine living at his Death married to John Casimire Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts and by that match Grandmother of the present King His second Wife's name was Christina Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein who bore him Two Sons and as many Daughters viz. 1. Christina deceased in her Infancy 2. Gustavus Adolphus of whom more in the next Sect. 3. Mary Elizabeth married to John Duke of Finland And 4. Charles Philip Duke of Sudermanland deceased 1622. § III. Gustavus Adolphus who succeeded his Father was born in the Year 1594. and Crowned King of Sweden 1617. Two years after his Father's Death he made Peace with the Danes An 1613. and with the Muscovites the same Year he was Crown'd He continued the War with the Poles and reduced all Liffland in the Year 1625. making Prussia Regal the seat of War In 1630. he made an Expedition into Germany for suppressing the Enemies of the Reformed Religion where he was slain at the Battel of Lutzen Nov. 16. 1632. leaving Issue by Mary Eleanor Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg only a Daughter the Princess Christina who under the Regency of her Mother carried on the War in Germany by her General Charles Gustavus of Deux-Ponts her Father's Sister 's Son In the mean time the Danish War broke out a fresh till a Peace was again concluded with 'em in the Year 1645. As also with the Emperour and his Confederates In 1648. she changed her Religion and turned Catholick and taking her way thro' France went for Rome where she continued till the day of her Death which was in the Year 1689. on April 9. Old Stile § IV. Hereupon the Government fell to Charles Gustavus as next of Blood being Son to Catharine Gustavus Adolphus's Sister as hath been already said He was Crown'd King of Sweden June 16. 1654. and immediately ingaged in a War with the Pole wherein by the assistance of his Ally Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg he made himself Master of almost all Poland and Prussia In the mean time the Muscovites make an Incursion into Liffland and the Danes invade Bremen both which he opposed with good success He departed this Life Feb. 13. 1660. leaving by Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick Charles the Eleventh the present King at the Age of five Years to succeed him Who being educated under the Government of his Mother and the Nohility by the Mediation of the French King concluded the Peace of St. Olives in the first Year of his Reign 1660. with the Emperor the King of Poland and his Serene Highness the Elector of Brandenburg Afterwards making an Alliance with the French he had a fresh War with the Danes as also the Elector of Brandenburg and his Allies especially with the Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg till Peace was once more restored by the Treaty of Nimeguen In 1680. he settled the Monarchy and revoked all Grants of the Crown Demeans made to this or that Family by any of his Ancestors and the same Year married Ulrica Eleanora Princess of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. Hedewig Sophia born June 26. 1681. 2. Charles Prince Royal born June 17. 1682. 3. Ulrick Eleanor Jan. 21. 1688. as for Gustavus Ulrick and Charles Gustavus they were both short liv'd § V. It remains we say something of Sigismund the Third King of Poland who left Two Sons 1. Uladislaus the Fourth his Successor in that Kingdom who brought the Muscovites to such terms as made 'em Surrender to the Poles whatever they had taken from them till that time nevertheless died without Issue May 20. 1648. And 2. John Casimire Jesuit and Cardinal who upon his Brother's decease was by a dispensation from the Pope Elected and Crowned King on the 17th of January in the same Year yet afterwards abdidicated the Government and resumed his Monastick Habit being the last of the Swedish Race in Poland Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. IT has been already observ'd how Gustavus of Wasa was the first of the present Royal Family of Sweden He was Crowned in 1523. and at the same time had Sweden properly so called put into his Possession together with Nord-Land Gothland Finland and whatever else appertained at that time to the Kingdom of Sweden In 1578. the Soldiers of Liffland put themselves with their Families and Effects under the Protection of Erick King of Sweden which was afterwards confirmed by the Peace concluded at the Monastry of St. Olives in Dantzick by which Peace all Livonia beyond the Dwina was adjudged to the Swede for ever Article the 4th Sect. 1. In 1618. Gustavus Adolphus by the Peace then made with the Muscovite gained the Russian Carelia and Ingermanlands In 1648. the hither Pomerania with the Isle of Rugen c. were yielded up to the Swedes as were also the City of Weismar Dutchy of Bremen and Principality of Ferden by the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg Art 10. By the Peace of Roschild concluded with the Danes 1658. there was an Accession to this Crown of Halland Schenen and Bleking together with the Government and Citadel of Babuys all which was ratified by the Treaty of Nimeguen Of its Decrease § VII THere is scarce any Instance to be given in this Family of any diminution suffered by It unless the Inhabitants of Ingermanland's leaving their Native Country and retiring into Muscovy with their Families and Effects be looked upon as One and therefore can have no Claims were it not that the present King of Sweden has a just pretension to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts taken from his Family by the French King CHAP. VI. Of the House of Portugal § I. HOw Portugal then called Lusitania together with all Spain became first subject to the Roman Government how the Goths beat out the Romans and established themselves there how afterwards about the Year 714. the Moors and Saracens after a total defeat given Roderick the last King of the Goths made themselves Masters in a manner of the whole Country the brevity of our design will not permit us to discourse at large If any are desirous to be acquainted with the particulars of these Transactions let 'em consult the famous Pufendorf and those other Authors mentioned by Beckman in the first Chapter and first Section of his Civil History 'T is sufficient for us to know that towards the latter end of the Eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of his Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of
dispensation from his Holiness he married the Princess Mary Frances Elizabeth his Brother's Wife who departing this Life Dec. 27. 1683. he in 1687. took to Wife the Lady Mary Sophia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine He has a Daughter by the first Venture now living viz. Mary Elizabeth born 1669. and in 1689. Contracted to John William eldest Son of Philip William Elector Palatine As for the present Queen she was brought to Bed Aug. 30. 1688. of a young Prince whose date of Life was very short for it died the third of Sept. in the same Year However there is just now arrived an Express whilst we were writing this with the happy news of the Birth of a second Prince born this present October 1689. to whom God grant long Life and happy Success His name is John Of the Augmentation of This House § V. BY what has been already said it plainly appears how Alphonso the First made Himself King of Portugal Afterwards Alphonso the Third obtained the Kingdom of Algarve by way of Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile In 1415. John the Bastard possessed himself of the City of Ceuta in Africk His Son Henry discovered the Madera and subdu'd the Fortunate Islands and put his Country-men in Possession of them An. 1620. Alphonso the Fifth took Tangier Arcilla and Alcassar in Africa Emanuel by his General Albuquerque made himself Master of the Cities of Ormus Malaca Cochin and Goa in the East-Indies In Africk he subdued great part of Barbary Guinee Congo the Isle of St. Thomas Mosambique Melinda Mombaza and Zefala as also Brasil in America Moreover the Portuguese hold the City of Maoco situate in an Island not far from China as also the Azores Islands the chiefest of which is Tercera Of its Decrease § VI. THo' Portugal for some considerable time acknowledged the Spanish Government yet it was restored to it self in the Fortieth Year of this Century Since which time little or no Encroachments have been made on it by any King or State except the Hollanders whose East-India Company have by little and little wrested from the Portuguese in a manner all they were possessed of in those Parts some few Places excepted From all which it is plain that This Family has Pretensions to no other Places but those taken from it by the Dutch CHAP. VII Of the Palatine and Bavarian Family § I. HEnry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony of whom we shall make farther mention when we come to treat of the House of Brunswick and Lunenburg being Proscribed and Outed of all his Territories by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa Otho Earl of Wittelsbach and Scyre was created Duke of Bavaria by the said Emperor in the Year 1180. This Otho begat Lewis Father of Otho the Second Otho the Second married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress of Henry the Younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperor Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. His death bears date 1253. And his Issue were 1. Lewis the Severe born Ap. 13. 1229. of whom more in the next Section 2. Elizabeth married after the decease of the Emperor Conrade the Fourth her first Husband to Meinhard Earl of Goritia and Tyrole deceased 1270. 3. Sophia the Wife of Albert Count d' Albersberg And 4. Henry born 1235. who had the Lower Bavaria for his Patrimony and married the Daughter of Bela the Fourth King of Hungary by whom he had Issue Three Sons 1. Otho his Successor in Bavaria elected also King of Hungary in opposition to Charles Martel An. 1305. but afterwards taken Prisoner by the Veywode of Transilvania and died 1312. having first regained his liberty and leaving Issue an only Son who was named Henry and taken off by a suddain and accidental death 2. Lewis deceased without Issue 1296. And 3. Stephen Duke of the Lower Bavaria deceased 1â—11 leaving Issue 1st Otho deceased Issueless 2dly Henry who begat John which John took to Wife his Cousin Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria but dying without Issue his Father-in-law the Emperor seized on the Lower Bavaria notwithstanding the Pretensions and Protestations of Adolph Elector Palatine the nearer Kinsman 3dly Beatrix married to Henry Earl of Goritia 4thly Elizabeth given in Marriage to Otho of Austria Fifth Son to the Emperor Albert the First And 5thly Agnes who was veiled a Nun. § II. We now return to Lewis the Severe Count and Elector Palatine who elected Rudolph the First Emperor but was afterwards Proscribed himself by Adolph of Nassau the succeeding Emperor yet upon making his Innocency appear was receiv'd again into favour and ended his days at Heidelberg An. 1294. This Prince had Three Wives the first of which was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Brabant beheaded by him out of Jealousie Feb. 1. 1256. The second Anne Daughter of Conrade Duke of Glogow deceased 1268. And the third Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Rudolph the First deceased Decemb. 23. 1304. His Issue by these Ladies were 1. Lewis the Second deceased before his Father An. 1290. being accidentally but mortally wounded at a Tournament 2. Rudolph born 1274. of whom more in the next Section 3. Another Lewis of whom we shall treat in the 18th Section as Author of the Bavarian Line 4. Anne married to Henry Landtgrave of Hesse And 5. Mechtilda or Maud to Otho Duke of Lunenburg Of the Palatine Line in particular § III. RUdolph succeeded his Father Lewis in the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity and was Author of the Rudolphine Line whereof mention is made in the Fourth Art of the Instrument of the Peace of Osnaburg This Prince opposed himself to the Designs of the Emperor Albert the First which created him much mischief Nor cou'd he ever agree with his Brother Lewis who reduced him in the end to such extremities as forced him to take Refuge in England where he died in Exile An. 1319. He had to his first Wife Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Adolph of Nassau deceased 1315. And to his second an English Princess of the same name By the first Venture he had Issue that out-liv'd him 1. Adolph the First born 1300. deceased 1327. of whom more in the next Section 2. Rudolph the Second made Elector after his Brother Adolph's decease and being reconciled to his Uncle Lewis of Bavaria the Emperour had the whole Palatinate put into his hands He departed this Life 1353. leaving Issue by his Wife Anne Daughter of Otho Duke of Carinthia only one Daughter of her Mother's name and afterwards married to the Emperor Charles the Fourth 3. Rupert the First who opened the University of Heidelberg in the Year 1346. and after his Brother Rudolph's decease succeeded in the Electoral Dignity He made an Expedition ' gainst the Impostor of Brandenburg who pretended to be Waldomar the late deceased Marquess of that
Elizabeth born 1540. married to John Frederick Duke of Saxony 1558. deceased 1594. 4. Herman Lewis drowned in France 1556. 5. John Casimire born March 7. 1543. who by his Wife Elizabeth as others Anne Daughter of Augustus Elector of Saxony had an only Daughter named Dorothy born 1580. married to John George Prince of Anhault Dessau 1598 or 95 deceased 1618. or 1610. 6. Susanna Dorothy born Nov. 19. 1544. married to John William Duke of Saxony 1560. deceased March 4. 1592. 7. Albert deceased an Infant An. 1546. 8. Anne Elizabeth born 1545. and married in 67. to Philip the Second Landtgrave of Hesse and again in 1599. to John Augustus Count Palatine in Deux Ponts she died 1609. 9. Charles deceased in his Infancy 1552. 10. Cunigunda Jacobaea born 1556. espoused to John Count Nassau in Dillenburg deceased 1586. 11. Christopher born June 13. 1551 sent by his Father to the Wars in Flanders and there Slain at the Battel of Mockerheiden 1574. Lewis the Sixth was his Father's Successor and wholly addicted to Luther's way of Worship as also a constant Reader of the Holy Scriptures Moreover he subscribed the Book of Concord being a very Peaceable Prince never medling with other Mens matters His first Princess was Elizabeth Daughter of Philip Landtgrave of Hesse who deceasing in 1582. he took to Wife Anne Daughter of Ezhard Earl of East-Friseland By the first Lady he had Issue Eleven Children whereof only Two were living at his Death which happened in the Year 1583. namely Frederick the Fourth and Mary Anne born 1561. who was married to Charles Duke of Sudermanland afterwards King of Sweden and died 1580. § X. Frederick the Fourth was born March 5. 1547. and brought up a Protestant In 1606. he built Manheim and began to fortifie the same He likewise very much enlarged the University of Heidelberg and took no less care for the Improvement of the whole Province His Death bears date Sept. 9. 1610. His Princess being Lovise Juliana Daughter of William Prince of Orange and his Issue by her as followeth 1. Lovise Juliana born June 16. 1594. married to John the Second Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts 1612. deceased 1640. or 1637. 2. Frederick the Fifth Prince Elector born Aug. 16. 1596. 3. Elizabeth Charlotte born Nov. 7. 1597. married to George William Elector of Brandenburg 1616. deceased 1657. or 1660. 4. Lewis Philip born Nov. 23. 1602. who being Ship'd in the same bottom was obliged to run the same Risque with his Brother Frederick Nevertheless he had the Palatinate of Simmeren restored him by the Instrument of the Feace of Osenburg and died afterwards at Berlin An. 1654. His Princess was Mary Eleanor Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue 1. Herman Maurice Francis born Oct. 1. 1640. in whom the Branch of Simmeren withered and became extinct by his dying without Issue An. 1673. And 2. Elizabeth Charlotte Mary born Oct. 24. 1638. and affianced to George Duke of Lignitz she departed this Life 1664. Frederick the Fifth succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was Elected and Crown'd King of Bohemia also in opposition to Ferdinand the Second Nov. 4. 1619. but being defeated the Year following by the Emperor's Forces in a great Battel Fought in a place called the White Hill not far from Prague was forced to fly into Holland whereupon he was forthwith Proscribed deposed from his Electoral Dignity and beat out of all his Dominions notwithstanding the great distast shown thereat by the Electors of Saxony and Brandenburg and many other Princes Nevertheless the greater part of the Palatinate being recovered after the Battel of Leipsick by Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden Frederick after ten Years Exile came to Frankfort in the Year 1632. and continued in those Parts for some time But this was only a Mockery of Fortune for he died at Mentz on Nov. 19. in the same Year O. S. not many Months after the Death of His Swedish Majesty who was Slain at the Battel of Lutz leaving the Princess Elizabeth Daughter of James the First King of Great Britain a disconsolate Widow and by her this following Issue 1. Frederick Henry born Jan. 1. 1614. and drowned in Harlem Meer on the 7th of the same Month An. 1629. and the 15th of his Age. 2. Charles Lewis born Dec. 22 12. 1617. of whom more in the next Section 3. Elizabeth born Dec. 26. 1618. she was made Lady Abbess of Hervorden in Germany being mightily addicted to the Muses and study of Philosophy especially Des Cartes's or the new and departed this Life on Jan. 8. 1680. 4. Rupert the Eleventh born Dec. 17. 1619. at Prague in Bohemia but brought up in Holland At the Battel of Lemgow he was taken and sent Prisoner to the Emperor at Vienna From whence being set at liberty he came for England where in 1642. he opposed with good Success the Rebellious Forces of the Parliament raised against the Government of King Charles the First In 1650. he left England and went for Portugal and from thence into Germany to his Brother After the Restauration of Charles the Second King of England he returned into that Country where he was made Admiral and at length died a Batchellor on the 19th of Nov. 1682. 5. Maurice born Dec. 27 17. 1620. Perished by Shipwrack in the Atlantick Ocean An. 1654. 6. Lovise Hollandina born 1622. and brought up a Protestant but she changed her Religion and went into France where she became Lady Abbess of Maubuison and died July 5. 1684. 7. Lewis born 1623. deceased two Years after 8. Edward born Oct. 6. 1624. who sought his Fortunes in France where in short he married Anne Gonzaga Daughter of Charles Duke of Nevers turn'd Catholick and died March 13. 1663. leaving Issue Three Daughters 1. Mary Lovise married to Charles Oths Count de Solmes deceased Mar. 11. 1679. 2. Anne born July 23. 1647. married to Henry Julius de Bourbon Duke d' Enghien Dec. 11. 1663. deceased And 3. Benedicta Henrietta Philippina born 1648. and married in 1668. to Frederick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg She is now a Widow and lives at Paris 9. Henrietta Maria born 1626. she was married to Sigismund Prince of Transilvania and died Sept. 18. 1651. 10. Philip born Sept. 16 26. 1627. and Slain at the Battel near St. Stephens Dec. 15. 1650. 11. Sophia born Octob. 13. 1630. and married in 1658. to Ernest Augustus Bishop of Osenburg and Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 12. Gustavus born Jan. 14. 1632. deceased in the same Month 1641. And 13. Charlotte deceased an Infant 1631. but born 1628. and should have been mentioned next Prince Philip. § XI We now return to Charles Lewis who during his Father's Exile was brought up in Holland where he made great Proficiency in the Study of Languages and other Sciences By the Peace of Prague there was only an Allowance settled on him and his Brethren suitable to their Quality but at length by that of
Munster and Osenburg in 1648. He had the Lower Palatinate and Bergstrasse restored him and was constituted the Eighth Elector and Chief Treasurer of the Empire At the same time was the University of Heidelberg restored Liberty of Conscience granted the Protestants Measures taken for restoring Peace to the Church and Manheim repaired Upon the Decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third there was a Dispute betwixt him and the Elector of Bavaria touching their right to the Vicarship of the Empire during the Inter-regnum He had also several Contests for the Wildtangiate In 1650. he took to Wife Charlotte Daughter of William the Fifth Landtgrave of Hesse who afterwards was parted from him and returned home upon some Discontents that arose between ' em Nevertheless he had Issue by her Charlotte Elizabeth born 1652. and married in 71. to Philip Duke of Orleans the present French King's only Brother and Charles born March 31. 1651. who indeed succeeded him but out-liv'd him only five Years deceasing May 16. 1685. and that without Issue notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Wilhelmina Ernestina Daughter of Frederick the Third late King of Denmark and Sister to Christian the Fifth the present King Moreover 't is to be noted of Prince Charles Lewis the Father that besides the Princess of Hesse his lawful Wife he super-induced another whose name was Lovise Degenfeld by whom he had this Issue living at his Death 1. Charles Lewis the Rhinegrave born 1658. 2. Charlotte born 1659. and married to Meinhard Count Schomberg 1683. 3. Lovise born Jan. 15. 1661. 4. Aemilia Elizabeth born March 22. 1663. 5. Charles Edward born May 9. 1668. 6. Charles Maurice Dec. 30. 1670. 7. Charles Auguste Oct. 9. 1672. And 8. Charles Casimire Apr. 22. 1675. § XII 'T is now time that Lewis surnamed The Black mentioned by us in the seventh Section Numb 3. be brought once more on the Stage In the division of the Hereditary Provinces 'twixt him and his Brother Frederick he obtain'd the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts and County of Veldentz for his Patrimony wherein he was succeeded at his death An. 1489. by his Son Alexander who marrying the Lady Margaret Daughter of Crato Earl of Hohenloh had Issue Lewis the Second born 1502. George Canon of Cologne and Triers and Rupert who became possessed of the Counties of Lautereck and Veldentz by the grant of his Nephew Wolfgang of Newburg and was succeeded in the same by his Son George John who by the donation of his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector became possessed of the County of Lutzelstein also and departed this Life 1592. leaving Issue by Anne Mary Daughter of Gustavus King of Sweden as followeth 1. George Gustavus born Feb. 6. 1564. 2. Anne Margaret married to Richard Count Palatine in Simmeren An. 1591. 3. Ursula born 1573. married to Lewis Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Mompelgart 1585. deceased 1636. 4. John Augustus born 1575. deceased without Issue Sept. 18. 1611. 5. Lewis Philip born 1577. and Slain at Heidelberg by accident in a Tournament An. 1601. 6. Joan Elizabeth born 1579. deceased 1599. 7. George John born 1586. whose Wife was the Lady Daughter of Otho Henry Count Palatine in Sultzbach by whom he had four Children but none of them out-liv'd him Wherefore George Gustavus who departed this Life 1634. was the only Propagator of the Branch of Veldentz having had by his Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John the First Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts this following Issue namely 1. Anne Magdalen born 1602. and married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg she died 1630. 2. John Frederick Colonel of the Swedish Regiment deceased 1632. 3. Charles Lewis who likewise serv'd under His Swedish Majesty and died of his Wounds at Wolmerstadt July 17. 1631. 4. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 24. 1622. deceased 1631. 5. Mary Sibilla who was an Abbess and died 1649. 6. Leopold Lewis born Feb. 1. 1625. By the Peace of Osenbrug he recovered the County of Veldentz and in 1654. he became possessed of that of Lutzelstein also by right of Inheritance Nevertheless in the last French War he was beat out of all and has ever since liv'd in Exile His Children by the Princess Agatha Christina Daughter to Philip Wolfgang Count of Hanaw are 1. Anne Sophia born 1650. 2. Gustavus Philip born 1651. deceased 1679. 3. Elizabeth Joan born 1653. and married to John Rhinegrave in Mortchingen 4. Christina born 1654. deceased the Year following 5. Christian Lewis born 1656. deceased 1658. 6. Dorothy born 1658. 7. Leopold Lewis 1659. deceased 1660. 8. Charles George born May 27. 1660. and Slain at the Storming of Buda 1686. 9. Agatha Eleanor born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Augustus Leopold born 1663. and Slain at the Siege of Mentz 1689. § XIII We must now look back to Lewis the Second of whom we made mention in the beginning of the last Section He succeeded his Father Lewis the Black and had the Dutchy of Dexu Ponts settled on him as also the Counties of Veldentz and Sponheim out of all which Provinces he totally extirpated the Romish Religion and embraced Luther's Faith He departed this Life in the Year 1532. and was succeeded by his Son Wolfgang born 1526. This Wolfgang had Newburg on the Danube and Sultzbach afterwards given him by his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector Whereupon he made over the Counties of Veldentz and Lautereck to his Uncle Rupert Afterwards he order'd by his Will that his Posterity should Branch themselves into two Lines viz. Deux-Ponts and Newburg and that in both the Right to Succession by Birth-right should be observ'd to Newburg he subjected Sultzbach as Birkenfeld to Deux-Ponts His Death fell in the Year 1569. at which time he had Four Sons surviving by his Wife the Princess Anne Daughter of Philip the Stout Landtgrave of Hesse whose names were Philip Lewis born Oct. 1. 1547. John the First born May 18. 1550. Otho Henry July 22. 1556. deceased 1604. and Charles Propagator of the Branch of Birkenfeld Sept. 4. 1560. Of the Line of Newburg § XIV PHilip Lewis in whom this Line began was a Prince famous for his great Prudence in the Government of his Family as also for his Zeal to Religion He departed this Life in the Year 1614. leaving Issue by Anne Daughter of William Duke of Cleve 1. Anne Mary born Aug. 12. 1575. married to Frederick William the first Duke of Sax-Altenburg deceased Feb. 1. 1643. 2. Dorothy Sabina born 1576. deceased 1598. 3. Wolfgang William born Oct. 28. or 29. 1587. 4. Otho Henry born 1580. deceased 1587. or 1598. 5. Augustus Author of the Branch of Sultzbach born Oct. 2. 1582. of whom and his Posterity we shall say more in the next Section when we come to treat of that Branch 6. Aemilia Hedewig born 1584. deceased 1607. And 7. John Frederick born Aug. 23. 1587. deceased 1647. His Wife was Sophia Agnes Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt by whom he had Six Children yet not one of them survived
was Sophia Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wurtenburg who dying in 1592. he took to his Second Wife the Lady Anne Mary Daughter of Philip Lewis Prince Palatine of Newburg deceased 1643. By these he had a numerous Off-spring whereof we shall mention only Seven the other Five dying Young Their names were 1. Dorothy Sophia Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1587. deceased 1645. 2. John Philip born 1597. deceased 1639. leaving Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick an only Daughter Elizabeth Sophia born Oct. 10. 1619. married to Ernestus Duke of Sax Gotha deceased 1680. 3. Anne Sophia born 1598. married to Charles Frederick Duke of Munsterberg deceased 1641. 4. Frederick born 1599. and Slain in 1215. at a Battel fought not far from Nyenburg on the Weser 5. John William the Second born 1600. deceased 1632. 6. Dorothy born June 16. 1601. married to her Cousin-Germain Albert Duke of Sax-Eysenach deceased 1675. 7. Frederick William the Second born Feb. 12. 1603. deceased 1669. having had Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of Christian William of Brandenburg who departed this Life An. 1650. to his first Wife and Magdalen Sibil Daughter of John George the First Elector of Saxony deceased 1668. to his Second By the last he had Issue 1. Christianus born 1654. deceased 1663. 2. Joan Magdalen born 1656. married to John Adolph Duke of Saxon-Weissenfeld 1671. deceased 1686. And 3. Frederick William the Third born 1657. who indeed succeeded his Father but did not long survive him for he died in 1672. and the fifteenth of his Age. 2. John born 1570. of whom more in the next Section as Propagator of the Branch of Weimar 3. Mary Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1571. deceased 1610. § VI. John the Second had the Principality of Weimar assigned him for his Inheritance and died Oct. 31. 1605. His Wife was Dorothy Mary Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt who departed this Life 1617. having born him this following Issue 1. John Erneste the Fourth born Feb. 21. 1594. an excellent Prince and perfectly skill'd in Martial Affairs He died in Hungary Dec. 4. 1626. having given signal proofs of his Courage on all occasions 2. John William deceased an Insant 3. Frederick the Seventh born March 1. 1596. and Slain at the Battel fought in Brabant 'twixt Don Gonsalvo de Corduba the Austrian General and Christian Duke of Brunswick and his Ally the Count de Mansfeldt An. 1622. 4. John born 1597. deceased 1604. 5. William the Second born Ap. 2. 1598. of whom in the next 6. Anonymus the time of whose Nativity is uncertain 7. Albert the Third born July 27. 1599. whose Residence was at Eysenach after the decease of his Kinsman the Duke of that Place where himself also died on the 20th of Sept. 1644. leaving no Issue by his Wife Dorothy of Altemburg 8. John Frederick the Fourth born Sept. 19. 1600. deceased Oct. 17. 1628. 9. Ernestus the Third born Dec. 25. 1601. of whom more in the Eighth Section as Propagator of the Branch of Gotha 10. Frederick William the Fourth born Feb. 7. 1602. deceased Aug. 16. 1619. 11. Bernhard born Aug. 6. 1604. This Prince filled the whole Earth with his Fame and for Courage and Conduct was looked upon as one of the greatest Generals of the Age. By his sole Bravery the Victory was obtained in the Battel of Lutz after the King of Sweden fell The same Year viz. 1632. he possessed himself of Bamberg Cronach and Hochstadt Moreover he was created Duke of Franconia in the name of his Swedish Majesty Raised the Siege of Mentz took Brisac in 1638. and last of all departed this Life at Newburg July 8. 1639. His Body was kept at Brisac till 1655. when it was remov'd from thence by his Brethren and reposed in the Monument of his Ancestor with great Solemnity Of the Branch of Weimar § VII REturn we now to William the Second Author and Propagator of the Branch of Weimar a Prince no less acquainted with the Arts of War than Peace He took upon him the Government of this Principality upon the decease of his Elder Brother John Erneste and departed this Life on the 20th of May 1662. His Wife was Eleanor Dorothy Daughter of John George Prince of Anhalt who died in the Year 1664. having born him this following Issue 1. William born and dead the same Year viz. 1626. 2. John Erneste the Fifth born Sept. 11. 1627. of whom a little below 3. John William the Third born Aug. 16. 1630. deceased May 16. 1639. 4. Adolph William born May 15. 1632. who had Eysenach assigned him for his Appennage where he died without Issue Nov. 21. 1668. notwithstanding he had had Five Sons who all died Young by Mary Elizabeth Daughter of Augustus Duke of Brunswick 5. John George born July 11. 1634. at first he kept his Court at Marckful but after the death of his Brother John Adolph of Eysenach succeeding to that Principality remov'd it thither In 1661. he married the Lady Johannetta Daughter of Ernestus Count de Seyne by whom he had 1. Eleanor Erdmuth Lovise born Ap. 13. 1662. married to John Frederick Marquess of Brandenburg Ansbach Nov. 4 1681. now a Widow 2. Frederick August born Oct. 29. 1663. deceased at Presburg Sept. 31. 1684 of a Wound received at the Siege of Buda 3. John George born July 25. 1665. 4. Maximilian Henry Twins born Oct. 17. 1666. the first of which died July 22. 1668. the other is still living And 5. John William Twins born Oct. 17. 1666. the first of which died July 22. 1668. the other is still living 6. Lovise born Ap. 18. 1668. deceased 1669. 7. Frederica Elizabeth born May 5. 1669. 8. Ernestus Gustavus born and dead the same Year viz. 1672. 6. Wilhelmina Eleanor born June 7. 1636. deceased Ap. 1. 1653. 7. Bernhard the Second born Feb. 21. 1638. who kept his Court at Jena where he departed this Life May 3. 1678. leaving Issue by Mary de Tremouville 1. Charlotte Mary born 1669. and married in 1683. to William Erneste Duke of Saxon Weimar And 2. John William born March 28. 1675. 8. Frederick the Eighth born 1640. deceased 1656. 9. Dorothy Mary born 1641. married to Maurice Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg 1656. deceased July 11. 1675. Of these John Erneste succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Saxon-Weimar and kept his Court in the Castle of Wilbelmsburg so called from his Father William On the 14th of Aug. 1656. he took to Wife the Lady Christina Elizabeth Daughter of John Christian Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg who departed this Life June 7. 1679. as did himself on the 25th of May four Years after His Issue were 1. Anne Dorothy born Nov. 12. 1657. made Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg 1685. 2. VVilhelmina Christina born Nov. 26. 1658. and married to Christian VVilliam Count Schwartzburg 1684. 3. Eleanor Sophia born March 22. 1660. married July 9. 1684. to Philip Prince of Mersburg 4. VVilliam Erneste the present
Francis Duke of the Lower Saxony In 1638. he took to Wife the Princess Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Christian the First Marquess of Brandenburg-Culembach deceased 1687. whereas himself died at Freiburg Aug. 22. 1680. leaving Issue 1. Sibil Mary born 1642. deceased 1643. 2. Erdmuth Sophia born Feb. 15. 1644. married to Christian Erneste Marquess of Brandenburg-Bareith 1662. deceased 1670. and an only Son viz. 3. John George the Third His present Highness born June 20. 1647. who entred on the Government of the Electorate after the decease of his Father of ever blessed Memory which he has since managed with much Prudence and Moderation We need not here mention the many Negotiations he has underwent for the publick safety nor his other Illustrious and Immortal Actions since they are so visible to all Good Men. On Oct. 9. 1666. he with great Solemnity espoused the Princess Anne Sophia Daughter of Frederick late King of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. John George the Fourth Heir Apparent born Oct. 17. 1668. And 2. Frederick Augustus born May 12. 1670. § XIII Return we now to Augustus Administrator of Magdeburg who died An. 1680. having had Two Wives and by them a numerous Off-spring The first of these was Anne Mary Daughter of Adolph Frederick Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin married to him 1646. or 47. deceased 1669. having born him Twelve Children The Other was Joan Walpurg Daughter of George William Count de Leining by whom he had twice Issue This last Lady died a Widow in the Year 1689. The Male Issue were 1. John Adolph Duke of Saxony in Weissenfeld or Sax-Weissenfeld born Nov. 2. 1649. and married Oct. 25. 1671. to Joan Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the Second Duke of Sax-Altenburg who died in the Year 1686. having born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 3. 1673. 2. Augustus Frederick born 1674. deceased 1675. 3. John Adolph born and dead the same Year viz. 1676. 4. John George born July 13. 1677. 5. Anonymus 1678. 6. Joanna Wilhelmina born Jan. 20. 1682. 7. Frederick William born 1681. deceased 1683. 8. Christian born Feb. 23. 1682. And 9. Anne Mary June 17. 1683. 2. Augustus the Younger born Dec. 3. 165â— and chosen Provost of Magdeburg by the Chapter thereof An. 1661. This Prince serv'd in the King of Sweden's Army as also under the Elector of Cologne but died an untimely Death in 1674 the very next Year after his Marriage with Charlotte Daughter of Frederick Prince of Hesse in Eschwegen whom he left a Widow but since married to John Adolph Count de Tecklenburg 3. Christian born June 25. 1655. who all along behav'd himself with great Bravery in His Electoral Highness of Saxony's Service upon which account he was made Field Marshal Lieutenant Nevertheless this Courageous Prince lost his Life at the Siege of Mentz in August 1689. 4. Henry born Sept. 29. 1657. who succeeded his Brother Augustus in the Provostry of Magdeburg and is also a Colonel in the Elector of Brandenburg's Forces In 1689. he espoused Henrica Agnes Daughter of John George the Second Prince of Anhalt-Dessaw 5. Albert born Ap. 14. 1659. who turn'd Catholick and married a great Fortune on the Rhine 6. Frederick born Nov. 20. 1673. And 7. Maurice born Jan. 5. 1676 The Daughters were all by the first Venture and thus named 1. Magdalen Sibil born 1648. married to Frederick Duke of Sax-Gotha 1669. deceased Jan. 20. 1681. 2. Anne Mary born 1653. deceased 1671. 3. Sophia born June 23. 1654. and married to Charles William Prince of Anhalt-Servest An. 1676. 4. Catharine born 1655. deceased 1663. 5. Christina born 1656. and married June 21. 1676. to Augustus Frederick Duke of Holstein and Bishop of Lubeck 6. Elizabeth born 1660. deceased 1663. And 7. Dorothy born 1662. deceased the Year following § XIV Now follows Christian Administrator of the Bishoprick of Mersburg third Son of John George the First Elector of Saxony mention'd by us above in the eleventh Section Numb 7. born Oct. 27. and married Nov. 19. 1650. to Christina Daughter of Philip Duke oâ— Holstein-Glucksburg with whom he now liveth having had Issue by her as followeth 1. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 19. 1651 deceased 1675. 2. John George born 1652. deceased 1654. 3. Christian born Nov. 19. 1653. In 1679 he took to Wife Erdmuth Eleanor his Uncle Maurice of Naumburg's Daughter and has Issue 1. Christian born Nov. 7. 1680. 2. Maurice William born Oct. 11. 168â— And 3. Augustus Frederick born March 10. 1684. 4. Augustus born Feb. 15. 1655. and married in August 1688. to one of Gustavâ—â— Adolphus Duke of Meckleburg Gustrowâ—â— Daughters 5. Philip born Oct. 26. 1657. who took tâ— Wife Eleanor Sophia Daughter of Job Ernestus Duke of Sax-Weimar on July 9. 1684. 6. Christiana born 1659. married to Christanus Duke of Sax-Eisenberg 1677. deceased March 13. 1679. 7. Sophia Hedewig born June 4. 1660. anâ— married in 1680. to John Ernestus Dukâ— of Sax-Gotha in Salfeld 8. Henry born Sept. 2. 1661. who not lonâ— since espoused the Lady Lovise Elizabetâ— Daughter of Christian Ulrick Duke 〈◊〉 Wurtenburg of the Branch of Bernstadt 〈◊〉 Silesia by his first Wife 9. Maurice born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Sibil Mary born Oct. 28. 1667. the second Wife of Christian Ulrick Duke of Wurtenburg and Osne of the Branch of Bernstadt to whom she was married Oct. 27. 1683. § XV. It now remains we say somewhat of Maurice Administrator of the Bishopricks of Naumburg and Ceitz Youngest Son of his Electoral Highness John George the First who departed this Life Dec. 4. 1681. having had Three Wives whose names were Sophia Hedewig Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg deceased 1652. Dorothy Mary Daughter of William Duke of Sax-Weimar who died July 11. 1675. And Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of Philip Lewis Duke of Holstein-Sunderburg now a Widow The Children by the first and second Venture were 1. John Philip born 1651. deceased 1652. 2. Maurice born 1652. deceased the Year following 3. Eleanor Magdalen born 1658. deceased 1661. 4. Erdmuth Dorothy born 1661. and married in 1679. to Christian Prince of Mersburg 5. Maurice William Administrator of Naumburg who drew his first Breath March 12. 1664. and has taken to Wife Mary Amalia Daughter of Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg Charles Prince of Meckleburg-Gustrow's Widow whom he married on the 26th of June 1689. O. S. 6. John George born 1665. deceased 1666. 7. Christian August born Oct. 9. 1666. 8. Frederick Henry born July 21. 1668. 9. Mary Sophia born 1670. deceased the Year following 10. Magdalen Sibil born and dead the same Year viz. 1672. And 11. Wilhelmina Sibilla born 1675. Of the Augmentation of the Saxon Family § XVI WE have already declared how Frederick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Landtgrave of Thuringe obtained of the Emperour Sigismund the Investiture of the Electoral Dignity together with the Palatinate of Saxony and Burgraviate of Magdeburg An. 1425. The same Prince is supposed by
then in possession of it died without Heirs He departed this Life in the Castle of Kopen An. 1571. being Poysoned by a Jew His first Princess was Magdalen Daughter of George Duke of Saxony of the Albertine Line who dying in 1534. he the next Year married Hedewig Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland deceased 1573. By these Ladies he had Issue 1. John George born Sept. 11. 1525. of whom in the next Section 2. Barbara born 1527. given in Marriage to George Duke of Lignitz 1545. deceased 1595. 3. Elizabeth born 1528. deceased the Year following 4. Frederick the Fifth born Dec. 12. 1530. elected Bishop of Havelberg 1548. Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1551. and Bishop of Halberstadt 1552. yet after all died an untimely death in the same Year 5. Albert and Twins both which deceased in their Infancy 6. George Twins both which deceased in their Infancy 7. Paul born 1534. deceased immediately after 8. Elizabeth Magdalen the Wife of Francis Otho Duke of Lunenburg born 1537. deceased a Widow 1595. 9. Sigismund the Second born 1538. elected Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1554. and a little afterwards Bishop of Halberstadt also He died Sept. 13. 1566. 10. Hedewig born 1540. married to Julius Duke of Brunswick 1560. deceased Oct. 22. 1602. 11. Sophia born 1541. married to William de Rosenberg Burgrave of the Crown of Bohemia An. 1561. deceased 1564. § VI. 'T is now time to speak of John George the First who succeeded his Father in the Electoral Dignity and revenged his death by the Execution of the aforesaid Leopold the Jew and the Expulsion of his Nation out of the Marquisate An. 1572. He maintained a strict Friendship with Augustus Elector of Saxony thro' the whole course of his Life and renewed the Act of mutual Succession with that House and Hesse An. 1587. He procured the form of Concord to be drawn up and subscrib'd the same himself His death bears date 1598. and his first Wife was Sophia Daughter of Frederick the Second Duke of Lignitz who dying of her first Child a Year after her Marriage viz. 1546. he the next Year espoused Sabina Daughter of George the Confessor Marquess of Brandenburg But she likewise deceasing in 1575. he in 1577. took Elizabeth Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt to his third and last Wife which Lady departed this Life a Widow 1607. His Children were as follow 1. Joachim Frederick born Jan. 27. 1546. 2. George Albert born 1555. deceased 1557. Twins 3. John 4. Albert 5. Magdalen Sabina 6. Magdalen 7. Hedewig 8. Margaret And 9. Mary all died Infants 10. Erdmuth 1561. married 1577. to John Frederick Duke of Pomerania deceased 1628. 11. Anne Mary born 1567. espoused by Barnim Duke of Pomerania 1582. deceased Nov. 4. 1618. 12. Sophia born June 6. 1568. married to Christian the First Elector of Saxony 1582. deceased Dec. 7. 1622. 13. Christian the First born June 30. 1581. of whom see more in the Franconian Line 14. Magdalen born Jan. 7. 1582. married to Lewis Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt 1597. deceased May 4. 1616. 15. Joachim Ernestus born 1583. of whom likewise more in the Franconian Line 16. Agnes born 1584. married to Philip Julius Duke of Pomerania 1604. and after his decease to Francis Charles of Sax-Lawenburg An. 1628. and died the Year following 17. Frederick the Seventh born March 22. 1588. constituted Great Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in Sonnenburg An. 1610. deceased May 19. 1611. 18. Elizabeth Sophia born July 4. 1589. and married after the decease of Janowitz de Ratzeville in Lithuania her first Husband to Julius Henry Duke of Sax-Lawenburg She died 1629. 19. Dorethy Sibil born 1690. given in Marriage to John Christian of Lignitz 16 deceased 1625. 20. George Albert the First born 1591. who after his Brother Frederick's decease was made Grand Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenberg An. 1614. which Honour he enjoy'd not long for he died the Year following 21. Sigismund Governour of the Dutchy of Cleves born 1592. deceased without Issue 1640. 22. John the Fifth born 1597. deceased without Issue 1627. having highly approved his Courage on all Occasions And 23. John George the Second born after his Father's decease Aug. 4. 1598. who had the same Fate with his Brother John deceasing without Issue An. 1637. § VII We now return to Joachim Frederick who succeeded his Father John George He was elected Bishop of Havelberg in 1553. of Lebuss in 1555. and Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1566. In 1598. he took upon him the Electoral Dignity upon his Father's decease In 1606. he commanded a Jubilee to be Celebrated at Francfort in commemoration of the first opening the University there and Founded the great School or College called Jochimsthal the Year after In 1608. he died suddenly in his way to Kopne He had to his first Wife Catharine Daughter of John Marquess of Brandenburg Custrin and after her decease Eleanor Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia to his Second By both Ladies he had Ten Children whom we shall set down in the following Order viz. 1. John Sigismund born Nov. 8. 1572. of whom more in the next Section 2. Anne Catharine born 1575. married to Christian the Fourth King of Denmark 1597. deceased March 29. 1612. 3. John George the Third born Dec. 16. 1577. elected Bishop of Strasburg An. 1592. which Election was nevertheless the occasion of many Commotions In 1606. his Father gave him the Dutchy of Carnovia or Jaggerndorff Ten Years after he was elected Grand Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg In 1621. he was proscribed by the Emperor Ferdinand the Second for taking part with Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia and died two Years after in Hungary having had to Wife Eve Christina Daughter of Frederick the Sixth Duke of Wurtenburg and by her this following Issue 1. Catharine Sibil born 1611. deceased the Year following 2. George born 1613. deceased 1614. 3. Albert 1614. deceased 1620. 4. Catharine Sibil born and deceased 1615. And 5. Ernestus the Second born Jan. 18. 1617. who liv'd to be a Man and was made Governour of the Marck but died without Issue 1642. 4. Augustus born 1580. deceased 1601. 5. Albert Frederick born 1582. deceased 1600. 6. Joachim the Third Twins born 1583. And 7. Ernest the First Twins born 1583. Joachim died 1600. but Ernest liv'd to be made Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg An. 1611. where he died soon after 8. Barbara Sophia born Nov. 16. 1584. married to John Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg 1609. deceased 1636. 9. Christian William born 1587. made Administrator of the Arch-Bishoprick of Magdeburg 1608. proscribed by the Emperor 1628. and made Prisoner at the taking of Magdeburg May 10. 1631. afterwards he turned Catholick and died at Cinna 1665. In 1615. he espoused Dorothy Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick deceased 1649. After which he took Barbara Elizabeth Daughter of Jaroslaus de Martinitz Burgrave of Crossen in
I. THis Family tho' it may be reckon'd among the most ancient and took its rise from the Counts of Beutelsbach of old-time yet it got no higher than Counts till Eberhard surnamed The Great born 1445. who in the Year 1495. was declared Prince of the Empire and Duke of Wirtenburg after he had Founded an University at Tubingen 1477. This excellent Prince dy'd without Issue and was succeeded by his Father's Brother Ulrick the Fourteenth Earl but First Duke of that Name And had Issue Eberhard the Second who succeeded his Father but dy'd without Issue Feb. 17. 1504. And Henry the Third who dy'd Apr. 16. 1519. and left 1. Ulrick the Second born Feb. 8. 1487. he succeeded his Father suffer'd much upon the account of Religion and was in a manner hated by his Subjects for exacting on them He was thrown out of his Dutchy by the League of Schwaben and Banish'd by the Diet at Worms At length he was restor'd in the Year 1534. by Philip Landtgrave of Hesse the King of France furnishing the Money But so That the Dutchy should for the future become a Fee of the House of Austria In 1547. he was remov'd again and restor'd upon very hard Terms He dyed 1550. and left Christopher his Successor who had many Daughters and but one Son Lewis the Third born 1568. who Founded a famous College at Tubingen 1592. and dy'd Aug. 8. 1593. but left no Issue 2. George born 1498. he took Mompelgart 1553. where was born to him Frederick the Magnanimous § II. This Frederick the Sixth born Oct. 25. 1557. upon the death of the before-mentioned Lewis the Third recover'd the Dutchy of Wirtenburg and struck off the Dominion of the House of Austria but not without a round Summ of Money He dy'd Jan. 29. 1608. and had to Wife Sibilla Daughter of Joachim Ernestus of Anbalt whom he married May 22. 1581. and had by her 1. John Frederick born May 5. 1582. of whom in the next Section 2. George Frederick born 1583. dy'd 1591. 3. Sibilla Elizabeth born 1584. married to John George first Elector of Saxony dy'd Jan. 20. 1606. 4. Elizabeth born 1585. dy'd the same Year 5. Lewis Frederick born Jan. 29. 1586 of whom in the Line of Mompelgart 6. John Frederick born and dead 1587. 7. Julius Frederick born June 3. 1588. He was Pensin'd and dwelt in the Castle of Weildingen where he became Father of Silvius Nimrod of whom hereafter in the Silesian Oelsen Line And of Manfred who after the death of his Father liv'd in Weilden and there dy'd May 15. 1662. And by Julia the Daughter of Anthony Earl of Oldenburg yet living left 1. Frederick Ferdinand born Oct. 6. 1654. 2. Augustus born Nov. 5. 1656. 3. Manfred the Second born Sept. 15. 1658. 8. Philip Frederick born and dead 1589. 9. Eva Christiana born May 6. 1590. married to John George Marquess of Brandenburg and Duke of Carnovia 1610. dy'd 1657. 10. Frederick Achilles born Apr. 25. 1591. dy'd without Issue Dec. 20. 1631. 11. Agnes born May 7. 1592. married May 14. 1620. to Frances Julius Duke of Sax-Lawenburg dy'd Nov. 25. 1629. 12. Barbara born Dec. 4. 1593. married Dec. 20. 1616. to Frederick Marquess of Baden Durlach dy'd 1627. 13. Magnus born Dec. 2. 1594. a Valiant Prince Slain in Battel near Wimpsen Apr. 26. 1622. 14. Augustus born Jan. 24. 1596. dy'd Apr. 21. 15. Anne born March 15. 1597. dy'd unmarried 1650. Of the Line Regent of Stutgard § III. WE return to John Frederick eldest Son and Successor of Frederick the Magnanimous who dy'd July 18. 1628. and by Barbara Sophia Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg had 1. Henrica born 1610. dy'd Feb. 18. 1623. 2. Frederick born and dy'd 1612. 3. Antonia born March 24. 1613. dy'd unmarried Oct. 1. 1679. 4. Eberhard the Third born Dec. 16. 1614. of whom shortly 5. Frederick the Seventh or as some the Second born Dec. 19. 1615. who after several Travels and singular Proofs of Courage sate down at last at Newstadt and there dy'd March 24. 1682. His Wife was Clara Augusta Daughter of Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he had a numerous Issue Eight of which dy'd Infants The rest are 1. Frederick Augustus born March 12. 1654. now living at Newstadt 2. Albertus born 1657. a hopeful Prince but dy'd Nov 21. 1670. 3. Sophia Dorethea born 1658. married to Lewis Christian Count Stolberg 1680. dy'd July 23. 1681. 4. Ferdinand William born Sept. 12. 1659. a Prudent Prince and well experienc'd Soldier Lieutenant-General to the King of Denmark He sail'd for Scotland with the Danish Auxiliaries from the Port of Hull 1689. 5. Charles Rodolphus born 1667. now in the Emperor's Service 6. Ulrick the Third born May 15 1617. a Prince that deferves as much as Vertue and Courage may be capable of He dy'd Dec. 4. 1671. and left one Daughter Anna Ignatia born Dec. 27. 1652. but unmarried 7. Anna Johanna born March 13. 1619 who also dy'd unmarried March 5 1679. 8. Sibilla born Dec. 4. 1620. married Nov. 22. 1647. to Leopold Frederick a Kinsman of the House of Mompelgard now a Widow 9. Ebethal born Sept. 4. 1623. dy'd Jan 9. 1624. § IV. Of all these Eberhard the Third succeeded his Father John Frederick an extraordinary Prince but one that suffer'd much by the Imperialists in that Thirty Years German War till at last all was quieted 1648. He dy'd July 2. 1674. He married Anne Catharine Daughter of John Casimire the Rhinegrave 1637. And after her Death Mary Dorothy Sophia Daughter of Ernestus Oetingen 1656. He had by his first Wife 1. John Frederick II born Sept. 9. 1637. died at London in England 1669. aged 22 Years 2. Lewis Frederick born 1638. died 1639. 3 Christina Eberhard born 1639. died 1640. 4. Eberhard born 1640. died Feb. 24. 1641. 5. Sophia Louisa born Feb. 18. 1642. married Jan. 19. 1671. to Christian Ernestus Marquess of Brandenburg Bareith 6. Dorothea Amalia born 1643. died 1650. 7. Christina Frederica born Feb. 28. 1644. match'd May 25. 1655. to Albert Ernestus of Oetingen died Octob. 30. 1674. 8. Christina Charlotta born Octob. 21. 1645. married May 4. 1662. to George Christian Prince of East-Friesland now a Widow 9. William Lewis born Jan. 7. 1647. he succeeded his Father and died three Years after in 1677. leaving by Magdalen Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt now a Widow 1. Eberhardine Louisa born Octob. 11. 1675. 2. Eberhard Lewis born Sept. 18. 1676 the now Prince Regent under the Guardianship of his Mother and his Uncle 3 Magdalena Wilhelmina born after the death of her Father Nov. 7. 1677. 10 Anna Catharina born Nov. 27. 1648. as yet unmarried 11. Charles Christopher born and died Jan. 28. 1650. 12. Eberhardine Catharine born April 12. 1651. married into the House of Octingen 1652. died Aug. 19. 1683. 13. Frederick Charles born Sept. 12. 1652. Governour of the Dutchy of Wirtenberg He married Eleanora Juliana Daughter of
to the King of Denmark which yet by an amicable Composition was restor'd again in August 1689. Yet the Family of Anhalt makes Pretension to the Dutchy of Lower Saxony vulgarly call'd Sachsen or Saxon-Lawenburg by the death of Julius Franciscus in 1689. the last Duke of Lower Saxony and of that Lineage CHAP. XVI Of the Family of Nassau and Orange § I. OF this Family there are some things to be enlarg'd on in regard the now King of England William Henry is descended from it But not to perplex our selves too much in searching out its Original which certain it is flourish'd in the IX Century it sufficeth at present if we take notice That from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnamed The Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Saraepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine our selves singly to that This Otto in the Division of the Patrimony had to his share the Counties of Dillenburg and Bielstien and left one Son Henry Father of Otto II. who married Adelheid Daughter of Godfrey Earl of Viand by whom he had John Father of Engelbert and Adolphus who died without Issue But Engelbert married very advantageously with Joan of Poland Daughter and Heir of Philip Baron of Leck and Breda who brought him John II. born Aug. 1. 1410. who by his Wife Mary Countess of Lohen and Heinsburg had Engelbert II. who died without Issue and John III. who by Elizabeth of the House of Hesse had two Sons Henry and William the Elder of whom and of his Posterity we shall speak Sect. III. § II. Henry born Aune 12. 1483. His first Wife Frances the Daughter of James Earl of being dead he took Claudia Daughter of John Cabillonius Prince of Orange 1515. who also dying 1521. he married Mencia Mendora Daughter of Radericus Marquess of Genett afterwards Duke of Calabria He had Issue by Claudia only to wit Renatus whom his Uncle Philibert Prince of Orange having no Issue of his own adopted and left him Heir of the Principality 1530. Renatus also dying without Children 1544. he bequeathed all to his Cousin-German William who being content with what he had in the Low-Countries and Orange gave up all beyond the Rhine to his Brother John and was a Prince worthy of all Memory His first Son was Henry Philip William who died without Issue 1618. by which means the Principality came to his Brother maurice a well-experienc'd Prince either for Peace or War He died April 23. 1625. but unmarried whereby having no legitimate Issue he was succeeded by his Brother Henry Frederick third Son of William the Younger whom after the death of the said Maurice the States of the United Provinces of the Low Countries made Stadt-Holder which he manag'd with a surpassing Courage and Conduct He died 1647. and by Amalia Countess of Solms who died in 1675. left Four Daughters 1. Louisa married Decemb. 7. 1646. to Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg died June 6. 1667. 2. Henrica Aemilia born Oct. 26. 1628. married 1648. to William Frederick Prince of Nassau and Hereditary Governour of Friesland now a Widow 3. Henrica Catharina born 1637. married 1658. to John George II. Prince of Anhalt 4. Mary born 1641. married to Lewis Herman Maurice Francis Palatine of Simmeren died in March 1678. by whom he had two Sons William and Lewis who died an Infant The former a magnanimous Prince how unfortunately soever he died Nov. 6. 1650. He was married in the Fifteenth Year of his Age to Mary eldest Daughter of Charles I. King of Great Britain who died Decemb. 24. 1660. From which Marriage but born after the death of his Father came William Henry born Novemb. 4. 1650. He was restored to the Dignity of his Ancestors in the Stadt-Holdership of the United Provinces 1672. and as born to greater was elected and proclaimed King of England Feb. 13. 1688. and thereupon Crown'd April 10. following and not long after declar'd King of Scotland He married Mary eldest Daughter of James Duke of York second Son of Charles I. and after the death of his elder Brother Charles II King of England with whom he now lives § III. We now now to John III. Son of William the Elder and Brother of William Prince of Orange He dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had 25 Children of which 4 only are chiefly to be remembred in this place viz. John George Ernestus Casimier and John Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand III. in the Diet of Ratisbonne March 3. 1654. conferr'd the Honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire Of the Line of Siegen § IV. THe Beginner of this Line was John surnamed Medius Son of John III. who had 23 Children by two Wives but we shall first mention those of the Second Marriage 1. John Mauritius surnamed Americanus a Prince the most remarkable of our time He was Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem Vicegerent of the Dutchy of Cleves and the Principality of Mindane c. Died Decemb. 20. 1679. in the 75th Year of his Age. 2. George Frederick he commanded the Prince of Orange's Regiment of Horse-Guards and died without Issue 1674. 3. Henry Governour of the City of Huy in Flanders and died first of his Brothers He had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John Ernestus Earl of Limburg who died 1653. and by her 1. Frederick who in the Leagure of Maestricht got the Bloody Flux of which he died at Ruremond in Septemb. 1676. 2. William Maurice He was Colonel of a Regiment of Switz and General for the States of the United Provinces in the Low Countries He married Ernesta Charlotta Daughter of Adolphus Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Jan. 6. 1678. by whom he had one Son born Feb. 20. 1680. whose Name yet has not occurr'd to us 3. Sophia Amalia married to Frederick Casimier Duke of Courland She died Dec. 25. 1688. By his first Marriage he had two Sons John the Younger and William born of Magdalen Countess of Waldeck William was married to Christian Countess of Erpach but left no Son by her and died 1642. John went off to the Church of Rome and by Ernestina of Arenburg and after his death which was in 1638. left One Son and Two Daughters 1. John Francis Desideratus who serv'd the King of Spain and was by him made Knight of the Golden Fleece and in 1680. Governour of Gelderland in Lower Germany He was twice married First to Johanna Claudia Countess of Conigseck who died 1664. next to Maria Eleanora Sophia Daughter of Herman Fortunatus Marquiss of Baden who died 1668. From both which these only that I find got up to years 1. Mary Leopoldina married to Maurice Henry a Kinsman by the Father's side of the Line of Hademar She died
OBSERVATIONS Historical and Genealogical IN WHICH The Originals of the EMPEROR KINGS ELECTORS And other the Sovereign Princes of Europe WITH A Series of their Births Matches more Remarkable Actions and Deaths AS ALSO The Augmentations Decreasings and Pretences of each Family are drawn down to the Year MDCXC Written in Latin by Anthony William Schowart History-Professor at Francfort And now made English with some Enlargements relating to ENGLAND LONDON Printed for J. Walthoe in Vine Court Middle-Temple adjoyning to the Cloisters MDCXCIII To the much Honoured EDWARD SAYER Of the Middle-Temple Esq SIR A Dedication from its frequent usage is now grown as it were so absolutely necessary that a Book without One may be said to be much in the same Circumstances as a Child without a Parent to own it or at least a Godfather to answer for it A Prescription for it may be pleaded beyond the Aera of Printing even from the first use of Letters and the very Infancy of Learning This may Warrant it in general but my own many Obligations exact this publick way in particular of expressing my grateful acknowledgments to you which I must confess nevertheless are at best but a very unsuitable and indifferent Retribution I shall say little here in relation to this Alien which I have ventur'd to Naturalize nor of you whom I have chose to Patronize it I am sensible a true Gentleman bates a nauseous piece of Flattery and would not much care for a Recital even of those modest Encomium's he is known to deserve If he may merit your Esteem and the Book 's Commendations may balance its Errors it will be a sufficient Recompence and Satisfaction to the Translator Such as it is I have ventur'd to submit it to Censure requesting your Protection and Patronage which favour will strictly engage me to be in the highest regard Honoured Sir Your most Obliged and most Humble Servant C. B. Feb. 6. 169â— THE PREFACE MEeting sometime since with this Book in Latin I thought it well worth my Money did it but answer its Title Page and finding my self upon the Perusal not much disappointed I resolved to turn it into English for the benefit of such as might not perhaps understand the Latin and yet be no less curious than my self to be Inform'd of the Matters contained therein Since by being Instructed in the Genealogies the Matches the Increments and the Decrements of all the Families in Europe together with the many Pretences that arise from thence which is chiefly the Subject of the ensuing Discourse they will in all probability be the better enabled to judge of the different Interests which have engaged almost all the Princes of Europe in a War the Event whereof so much concerns this Nation and consequently is the general Topick of Discourse I shall not here pretend to give an Account of the many Advantages which may be drawn from the Knowledge of History and how necessary a Qualification 't is for a Gentleman since to say all One ought on that subject would swell this Preface to a Bulk disproportionate to the Treatise it self which pretends to no more than a Compendium Yet since 't is probable the Reader would gladly know somewhat of the Author thereof the best account that can be given of him is from Himself and Book In order to which he lets you know in his Epistle Dedicatory That he is a Professor in the University at Franckfort and that the Book was the first Fruits of his Office It having been read as Lectures or a Compendious Introduction to the Genealogy and History of the present Princes of Europe for the benefit of the Students there and since Printed to be rendred more publickly useful The Method he has taken herein is Easie and Plain the Genealogical Observations are exact and the Historical as full of Matter as the nature of his design would bear Not but that having laboured in a Soyl capable of mighty Improvements as to the last if this first Impression find that kind Reception as may be expected it may incourage the Translator or some Other to resume the Work and by engrafting on his Stock bring the Growth to a greater Perfection an Essay whereof you already have in the English House In the mean time the Book as it now stands is of good Use and may merit a favourable Reception as well from the most Learned as from the Ignorant For altho' the former may be supposed to be already acquainted with what is contained herein yet it will always serve them as a Summary or Common Place And tho' the latter will not be rendered thorough-paced Historians hereby yet will it give them a general Insight into the modern Story of Europe together with a curiosity of being farther Informed There is one thing more I thought fit to acquaint the Reader withal which is That in the Latin Copy amongst King James the Second's Children there is one mentioned and called The Prince of Wales but the late Licenser Mr. Bohun having expunged Him the Translator could not by the Warrant of the Latin Original presume to insert Him A Series of the several Families contained in this BOOK CHAP I. OF the House of Austria Pag. 1 Of the Spanish Line Pag. 12 Of the German Line Pag. 16 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 27 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 29 Of its Pretensions Pag. 31 CHAP. II. Of the House of France Pag. 32 Of the Line of Valois Pag. 40 Of the Line of Bourbon Pag. 53 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 62 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 64 Of its Pretensions Pag. 66 CHAP. III. Of the House of England Pag. 67 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 191 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 192 CHAP. IV. Of the House of Denmark Pag. 193 Of the Augmentations or Increasings of the Line Royal Pag. 206 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 207 Of its Pretensions Pag. 209 Of the Ducal Line of Holstein Pag. ibid. Of the Branch of Sunderburg Pag. ibid. Of the Branch of Nordburg Pag. 211 Of the Branch of Glucksburg Pag. 212 Of the Branch of Ploen Pag. 213 Of the Ducal Line of Sleswick Pag. 214 CHAP. V. Of the House of Sweden Pag. 216 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 221 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 222 CHAP. VI. Of the House of Portugal Pag. 223 Of is Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 229 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 230 CHAP. VII Of the Palatine-Bavarian House Pag. 231 Of the Palatine Line in particular Pag. 233 Of the Line of Neuburg Pag. 255 Of the Branch of Sutzbach Pag. 259 Of the Line of Deux-Ponts or Zweybrucken Pag. 260 Of the Branch of Birkenfeldt Pag. 264 Of the Bavarian Line Pag. 266 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 279 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 281 Of its Pretensions Pag. 282 CHAP. VIII Of the House of Saxony both Electoral and Ducal Pag. 283 Of the Ernestine Line Pag. 286 Of the Branch
to Charles Archduke of Austria who bore him eight Children whereof three died in their Infancy The rest were 1. Anna Maria Mauritia married to Lewis the Thirteenth King of France 1615. deceased July 3. 1640. 2. Mary Anne married to the Emperour Ferdinand the Third 1631. deceased May 13. 1646. 3. Charles a Prince of the Noblest Vertues but taken off by a too untimely Fate 4. Ferdinand Cardinal and Governour of the Netherlands deceased 1641. And 5. Philip the Fourth surnamed Dominicus Victor succeeded his Father in 1621. and took on him the Government at the Age of sixteen He lost the American Plate-Fleet He enter'd into a perpetual Alliance with the States of Holland He concluded the Pyrenaean Peace with the French And in short was an unfortunate Prince during the whole course of his Reign He had two Wives Elizabeth Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France who bore him seven Children but all of 'em either died young or in their Infancy except Maria Theresia married to Lewis the Fourteenth the present French King in 1660. since deceased July 30. 1683. His second Match was with Mary Anne Daughter to the Emperour Ferdinand the Third by whom he had Issue 1. Margaret Theresia married to Leopold the present Emperour in 1666. deceased March 20. 1673. And 2. Charles the Second the present King of Spain born Nov. 6. 1661. who succeeded in that Kingdom at the death of his Father Philip in the Year 1665. In 1679. he took to Wife Mary Louise Daughter of Philip Duke of Orleans who dying without Issue in 1689. he the same Year married Mariae Anna Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine the present Queen All which being thus fully explain'd we now come to the German Line Of the German Line § X. PRoceed we therefore to speak of the other Son of Philip the First as Authose of the German Line His Name was Ferdinand born in Spain 1503. Crown'd King of Hungary and Bohemia in right of his Wife 1527. Elected King of the Romans 1531. and Emperour in 1556. He had great Wars with the Turks as also with the Protestants He permitted the Bohemians to Communicate under both kinds His Empress was Anne Daughter to Uladislaus King of Hungary Sister to Lewis the Infant The day of his death happen'd in the Year 1653. and sixtieth of his Age after he had had this following Issue 1. Elizabeth born 1526. married to Sigismund King of Poland 1545. 2. maximilian born Aug. 1. 1527. 3. Anne born 1528. married to Albert the Fifth Duke of Bavaria deceased Octob. 18. 1587. 4. Mary born May 15. 1530. married to William Duke of Juliers 1546. deceased 1584 5. Magdalen profess'd a Nun. 6. Catharine born Sept. 25. 1533. and married to Francis Duke of Mantua and after his decease to Sigismund Augustus King of Poland She died 1572. 7. Ferdinand II. Archduke of Austria born 1534. 8. Eleanor born Nov. 2. 1534. She was married to William Duke of Mantua and died 1604. 9. Margaret another Nun deceased 1566. 10. John born 1538. deceased the Year after 11. Barbara born 1539. married to Alphonso II. Duke of Ferrara 1565. deceased 1572. 12. Charles born June 3. 1540. 13. Ursula deceased an Infant 14. Helena who went into a Nunnery And 15. Joanna born 1547. married to Francis Duke of Florence 1565. deceased 1578. As for the three Sons Maximilian Ferdinand and Charles they had their Father's Territories divided amongst 'em by which division Maximilian obtain'd Hungary Bohemia and Austria Ferdinand had Tyrol and Alsace and Charles Stiria and Carinthia Of these we shall speak a-part in their proper places § XI Maximilian II. was crown'd King of Bohemia Sept. 20. 1562. and of Hungary on Sept. 8. in the following Year He was likewise elected King of the Romans in the aforesaid Year 1562. and Emperour in 64. He was a pious just peaceable Prince and no great Enemy to the Protestants He had Wars with Solyman Emperour of the Turks brought Gunbrachius and his Complices to condign punishment and did by no means approve of the Massacre at Paris He departed this Life at Ratisbonne having had fifteen Children by his Empress Mary Daughter to Charles V. whereof six died young The rest were 1. Anne born 1549. married to Philip II. King of Spain 1570. deceased 1580. 2. Rudolph II. born June 18. 1552. who succeeded his Father in the Empire Octob. 12 1576. and carried on the War with the Port. In 1595. he lost Raab but it was recover'd three Years after by Rudolph Count Swartzburg In 1569. he lost Erla also Kanisa in 1600. and Gran in 1605. He died a Batchellor at Prague Jan. 10. 1612 and left a vast Treasure behind him 3. Ernestus II. born June 15. 1553. And made Governour of the Low-Countries by the King of Spain 1594. which Dignity he scarce enjoy'd a full Year by reason of his death which fell out soon after 4. Elizabeth born 1554 married to Charles IX King of France 1570. deceased June 2 1592. 5. Matthias born 1557. who succeeded his Brother Rudolph in the Empire being elected at Francfort June 13. 1612. On Decemb 4. 1611. he married Anne Daughter to his Uncle Ferdinand Archduke of Austria nevertheless died without Issue 1619. 6. Maximilian III born Octob. 12. 1558. In 1587. he was Crown'd King of Poland but being afterwards defeated and imprisoned by the contrary Faction was forced to quit his Pretensions to that Crown to obtain his Liberty In 1596. he fought a Battel with the Turks not far from Erla where he was routed with his whole Army He was also Grand Master of the Teutonick Order and died in 1620. 7. Albert VII born Nov. 13. 1559. and created Cardinal of the Holy Cross but quitting his Orders was afterwards made Governour of the Netherlands by the King of Spain and married Isabella Clara Eugenia Daughter of Philip II. nevertheless died without Issue July 13. 1621. 8. Wenceslaus Knight of Malta born 1561. deceased Nov. 7. 1578. 9. Margaret a profess'd Nun deceased 1633. aged sixty six § XII The second Son of Ferdinand I. Emperour was Ferdinand II. as was already observ'd a Prince eminent for his Courage who notwithstanding he had many advantageous Matches offer'd him refus'd 'em all and married the Lady Philippina Welseriana Daughter of Free Baron of Xinnenberg by whom he had Issue 1. Andrew Bishop of Brescia and Cardinal deceased Nov. 11. 1600. 2. Charles Marquess of Burgovia deceased without Issue 1618. notwithstanding he had married the Princess Sibilla of Juliers 3. Anne married to the Emperour Matthias at Vienna Decemb. 4. 1611. deceased Decemb. 14. 1618. 4. Anne Catharine a Nun. He had three Children more but they died in their Infancy § XIII Matters thus clear'd we now proceed to speak of Charles third Son of the Emperour Ferdinand I. in whose Issue the Austrian Family in Germany was preserv'd In the division of the Hereditary Provinces aforesaid he had Stiria Carinthia and Carniola for his Patrimony and took to
born Feb. 11. 1466. design'd Wife to George Nevil Duke of Bedford promised afterwards to the Dauphin courted by her Uncle King Richard III. but at last married to King Henry VII 2. Cecilia to the Viscount VVells and after his decease to Kyme of Lincolnshire 3. Anne to Thomas Lord Howard afterwards Earl of Surrey and Duke of Norfolk 4. Bridget born Novemb. 10. 1480. profess'd in the Nunnery of Dartford 5. Mary promised in Marriage to the King of Denmark but died before its Consummation 6. Margaret born April 19. 1472. died in her Infancy 7. Catharine married to the Lord VVilliam Courtney Son to the Earl of Devonshire His Sons 1. Edward Prince of VVales born Nov. 4. 1470. 2. Richard Duke of York and Norfolk Earl of Nottingham and VVarren both murder'd by the procurement of the Duke of Gloucester their Uncle 1483. 3. George Duke of Bedford died an Infant His Natural Issue Arthur to whom he gave the Name of Plantagenet created Viscount Lisle by King Henry VIII 1523. and died 1542. As also one Daughter Elizabeth Plantagenet married to the Lord Lumley XVII Edward V. succeeded his Father in Title though not in the Crown for being not above Thirteen Years of Age at the death of his Father Sir Anthony VVoodvile Lord Rivers his Mother's Brother was appointed Governour to him and with Richard Gray Marquess of Dorset his Half-brother by the Mother sent to conduct him from Ludlow where he then was to London And on this the Duke of Gloucester his Uncle lays the Foundation of his design'd Usurpation and in order to it there having been some secret Grudge between Edward Duke of Buckingham his Creature and VVilliam Lord Hastings then Lord Chamberlain both Enemies of the Queen's he first reconciles them and then rells them how unreasonable it was that the young King their Master should be in the hands of his Mother's Kinred a new Nobility a thing neither Honourable to his Majesty nor them Whereupon it is agreed That they be remov'd as Enemies On this Gloucester and Buckingham meet the King with all Obedience at Stony Stratford and having secur'd the Lord Rivers and Dorset whom they shortly after beheaded at Powfret bring him to London May 4. 1483. the Queen upon hearing what had pass'd having with her younger Son and Daughters taken sanctuary at Westminster On which the Duke of Gloucester is made Protector of the Realm The next device was how to get the young Duke out of his Mother's hands which she as suspecting the design will by no means consent to However at last what with the Assurance of several of the Privy Council for his safety and Threats of forcing the Sanctuary for him he is deliver'd to the Protector who with all seeming joy brings him to the King his Brother into the Bishop of London's Palace at St. Paul's and thence honourably through the City for the King's security as was given out until his Coronation The Protector all along had made his residence near the Tower and having so tangled Buckingham that he could not safely get off he comes to the point with him on which it is agreed between them That the Protector should have the Duke's aid to make him King and that the Protector 's Son should marry the Duke's Daughter with a Grant to himself of the Earldom of Hereford which he claimed as his Inheritance but could never obtain it in King Edward's time Whereupon Buckingham undertakes for the City with whom he was not the least popular The King now having his Court in the Tower the Council meet there for ordering the Solemnity of his Coronation which was carried on with such forwardness and the Day appointed for it so near at hand that all Mistrust was visibly set aside 'till the Protector having pump'd the Lord Chamberlain by his Friend Catesby and finding no good to be done on him came into the Council June 13. and knitting his Brows arrested him as a Traitor for that he with his Brother's Wife the Queen had attempted his Life by Sorcery And therewith giving a knock a Guard came in who by the Protector 's Command forthwith carried him out and struck off his Head and severally secur'd the rest of the Council Whereupon sending for some of the Chief of the City he made them a fair Tale How himself and the Duke of Buckingham were to have been destroy'd in Council by a Conspiracy of the Lord Chamberlain's And returns them with an Herauld and a Proclamation in the King's Name to satisfie the People There was at that time one Sir Edmond Shaw Lord Mayor of London who upon promise of advancement had been made to their Party as also one Doctor John Shaw Brother to the Mayor and Doctor John Penker Provincial of the Augustine Friars both noted Preachers but of more Fame than either Vertue or Learning And these are the Men must make that Gospel to the People which Catesby had undertaken for Law to the Kingdom And having receiv'd their Instructions accordingly Shaw begins at St. Paul's Cross the Sunday after where upon that Text Spuria Vitulamina c The Bastard-Slips shall not take root he signify'd to the People That not only King Edward IV. and his Brother George Duke of Clarence were not the very Sons of Richard Duke of York but begotten in Adultery on the Dutchess their Mother But that the now King Edward and his Brother Richard Duke of York were both Bastards inasmuch as their Father King Edward IV. at the time that he married the Lady Elizabeth Gray their Mother was precontracted to the Lady Elizabeth Lucy who was his lawful Wife before God Then turning his Discourse to the Protector and his Title render'd him the express Image of the Noble Duke his Father and the very Right Heir of his Body begotten Yet all this took so little with the People that Penker was reserv'd 'till after the Coronation at which time he so lost his Voice that he was forc't to come down in the midst of his Sermon The Tuesday following the Mayor Aldermen and Commoners being assembled in the Guild-Hall the Duke of Buckingham came among them and having rak'd together whatever could be thought of against King Edward IV. and his Government he recapitulated Shaw's Sermon magnified the Protector and his Title to them and concluded from the whole Vae Regno c. Wo to that Realm that hath a Child to its King Neither had this also any effect upon them 'till a pack'd Company at the other end of the Hall throwing up their Bonnets and crying King Richard King Richard the Mayor took it by the end and said it was so goodly and joyful to hear so full a Cry and no one gainsaying it that he would represent it to the Protector the next Morning which accompanied with all the Aldermen and Chief Commoners of the City in their Formalities and conducted by the Duke of Buckingham he accordingly did And the Protector Good Man so utterly refus'd that
Queen was brought to bed of a Prince named Henry who died Feb. 22. following And now the Magnificence of the Court being somewhat allay'd the King resolv'd of a Royal Expedition into France to which the Parliament gave largely but not thinking it safe to leave the before-mention'd Edmond de la Pool behind him he took off his Head April 30. 1512. and having created Sir Charles Brandon Son of Sir William Brandon Standard-Bearer to Henry VII at Bosworth-Field and there slain Viscount Liste he landed at Callice June 30. 1513. and taking the Field laid siege to Terwin where the Emperour Maximilian taking pay under him wore the Cross of St. George as the King's Soldier To relieve this Place came the French with a powerful Army Aug. 16. but were so put to flight that in memory thereof it was call'd The Battel of Spurrs and the Town surrendred in two days after From thence he advanced to the City of Tournay took it and return'd for England Septemb. 24. To divert the King from this pursuit in France James IV. of Scotland had invaded England and besieged Norham Castle but was encounter'd by the Lord Thomas Howard Earl of Surrey Lieutenant of the North in the King's absence at Flodden Field where the said King lost his Army and Life together Septemb. 9. the same Year On which the King created the said Earl Duke of Norfolk with an augmentation to his Coat of a Demi-Lion shot in the Mouth within a Countre Treasure Flowrie three Parts of the Arms of Scotland Sir Charles Brandon Viscount Lisle Duke of Suffolk Feb. 2. 1514. and Thomas Woolsey his Almoner Bishop of Lincoln the March after Lewis XII King of France now stricken in Years began to be weary of War and finding that the design'd Marriage between the Prince of Castile and the Lady Mary Sister of K. Henry was broken sent over Ambassadors to treat of a Peace and amongst other things of a Match in particular between this Lady and himself with Offers of a large Dowry and Security for the same which by the management of Woolsey was so contriv'd that both took effect with this Condition That if the French King died then the Lady if it stood with her Pleasure might return into England again with all her Dowry and Riches Which being consented to a Peace was proclaim'd Aug. 7. the Marriage consummated Octob. 9. the Queen Crown'd Novemb. 5 1515. and came to Paris the next day where after several solemn Justs the English left her and the King her Husband died Jan. 1. following Not long after which Cardinal Benbrike Archbishop of York King Henry's Ambassadour at Rome dying Woolsey is made Archbishop thereof and upon the Archbishop of Canterbury Warham's giving up the Seal the next Year Lord Chancellor and Cardinal Upon the death of King Lewis Francis I. succeeded him to whom and the Queen his Sister King Henry having made the usual Compliments and being advertis'd of her Inclination to return into England he sent the Duke of Suffolk to receive her which was honourably condescended to and the Queen deliver'd to him who pleas'd her so well that she married him at Callice and return'd with him for England 1516. The King seems offended at it but is quickly reconcil'd However the Cardinal now Legate à Latere disobliges him and not him only but the Prime Nobility of England particularly Edward Stafford Duke of Buckingham the last hereditary High Constable of England whose Head also he brought to the Block May 17. 1521. and with that and his other Exorbitances the general Hatred of the Commons upon himself But what hasten'd his Ruine may seem to be this Charles V. Emperour and King of Spain had refused him the Archbishoprick of Toledo to be reveng'd of this he procured a Friendship between King Henry and the King of France to the end That if probably a Divorce could be made between the King and Queen Aunt to the said Emperour that the King might have married the Dutchess of Alençon the French King's Sister However it were the King after a Twenty Years Marriage makes it a Scruple of Conscience Whether she could be his lawful Wife as having been the Widow of his elder Brother Prince Arthur and endeavours a Divorce from which the Queen appeal'd to the Pope The Cardinal on the other hand finding the King had an eye on the Lady Anne Bullen Daughter of Sir Thomas Bulen Treasurer of his Houshold whom he had created Viscount Rochfort June 18. 1525. and Earl of Wilis Decemb. 1529. and notwithstanding his Endeavours to the contrary would marry her if the Divorce to which the Pope was utterly averse took place so shuffled the matter between the Pope and the King that he fell into the King's displeasure which wanting no aggravation of his Enemies for Friends he had few or none the Great Seal was taken from him Nov. 17. 1529. and Sir Thomas Moore Speaker of the House of Commons made Lord Chancellor the 24th of the same Month and a Writ of Praemunire issued against him in which upon his Confession he had Judgment to forfeit all his Lands Tenements Goods and Chattels c of which he made a large Inventory and sending it to the King by Sir William Gascoigne his Treasurer retired into the Country Howbeit the Bishopricks of York and Winchester were not taken from him nor Plate and Houshold-stuff sufficient for his Degree His Power thus clipp'd one would have thought it sufficient but alas he had a Head yet left and who knew but the King might not have quite forgotten him therefore to make sure Work and him a terrible Example for those are the Words there were Forty three Articles signed by the said Chancellor and by Fourteen Lords of the Privy-Council and the Two Chief Justices exhibited to the King against him Decemb. 1. 1530. which being brought down from the Lords to the Commons Thomas Cromwel his Secretary a Member of the House made so honest a Defence of his Master that the King took him into his Service After which the Lord Chancellor Mocre as little fond of having the King marry the Lady Bullen as had been the Cardinal foreseeing the Cloud that was gathering against him after long suit made to be discharged of his Office gave up the Seal May 7. 1532. and was beheaded for denying the King's Supremacy July 6. 1535. or rather because that he had not put on his Wedding-Garment for the Lady Bullen whom he made Marchioness of Pembroke Septemb. 1. married her Jan. 25. following in the presence of Cranmer his late Ambassadour at Rome whom not long after he made Archbishop of Canterbury Whereupon it was enacted That Queen Catharine should no more be called Queen but Princess Dowager And the Archbishop not to be wanting on his part divorc'd her from the King and by a Publick Sentence declar'd the Marriage to be void and of none effect May 23. 1533. On which Queen Anne was Crown'd June 1. delivered of a
Daughter Elizabeth who afterwards was Queen Septemb 10. following And lastly after a like Divorce beheaded with a Sword May 19. 1536. Three days after whose death some say sooner he married the Lady Jane Seimour Daughter of Sir John Seimour who brought him a Son Prince Edward who succeeded him October the 12th 1537. and died two days after During this â—ime the Cardinal with the King's leave was on his Journey for York but arrested of High-Treason by the way and died at Leicester Abbey Nov. 30. 1530. ere he could reach London To him succeeded in Favour and Power his Servant Cromwell the occasion thus The Cardinal had by the Pope's License suppress'd some small Religious Houses for the Endowment of his Colleges of Christ's Church in Oxford and Ipswich which the King made use of as a Wimble to let in the greater Augre and Cromwell his Instrument for suppressing the rest If they voluntarily surrender'd they went off with Pensions if otherwise and that they defended their Possessions they ran Whiting the Abbot of Glastenbury's Fate to be hang'd for taking Arms against the King From which Beginnings there were first and last dissolved Monasteries 645. whereof 26 had Place and Voice among the Peers Colleges 90. Chauntries and Free-Chappels 2374. Hospitals 110. Nor was the King wanting to give him a Figure suitable to the Undertaking for in the compass of three Years he made him Master of the Jewel-House a Privy Councellor Secretary Master of the Rolls Lord Privy-Seal and Baron Cromwell July 10. 1536. Vicegerent in Spiritualibus the 18th of the same Month Knight of the Garter April 23. 1538. Earl of Essex and Lord High Chamberlain of England April 18. 1540. And his Son Gregory Baron of Okeham which Title remain'd in his Family 'till by the death of Vere Cromwell late Earl of Ardglas in Ireland without Issue Male it was extinct 1686. The King had now been a Widower two Years when Cromwell thinking to rivet himself in the King's Favour by a Queen of his making negotiated a Match for him with Anne Sister of William Duke of Cleve c. who was married to him Jan 6. 1540. But the King not liking her they were divorc'd by Act of Parliament upon her own Consent she renouncing the Title of Queen for that of the King 's adopted Sister And with this Match fell Cromwell for it brought him into the King's disfavour Nor wanted he Enemies to load him by whose procurement he was committed to the Tower July 9. 1540. and the King having No More need of him attainted in Parliament of High Treason and Heresie without so much as being call'd to answer and thereupon beheaded the 19th of the same Month. His FIFTH Wife was the Lady Catharine Howard Daughter of Edmond third Son of Thomas first Duke of Norfolk whom also he attainted in Parliament and beheaded Feb. 13. 1541. The Year following the Title of Lord of Ireland was by the respective Parliaments of both Kingdoms alter'd into that of King of Ireland And to encourage such of the Irish Nobility as came in to him he created O Brian Earl of Thoumond June 3. 1543. And Mac-William a-Burgh Earl of Clanricart July 1. following and 12th of the same Month married the Lady Catharine Parr Widow of the Lord Latimer who had the luck to survive him and was afterwards married to the Lord Admiral Seimour Nor had he after that Year the opportunity of doing much saving that he landed an Army in Scotland under the Conduct of the Lord Admiral Dudley who burnt Lieth to the ground forc'd Edinburgh and having fir'd it as also Thirty other Towns and Villages came back for England by Berwick 1544. And to close the last Scene of his Life he made a Royal Voyage into France and besieg'd Boloigne which by the Personal Courage and Conduct of the said Lord Admiral was surrender'd and the King rode triumphantly into it Sept. 8. the same Year and made him Governour thereof For the recovery of this the French made several attempts but all unsuccessful Whereupon it was at last concluded between the two Kings That if the King of France paid the King of England 800000 Crowns in eight Years he should have Boloigne restor'd to him and that in the mean time it should remain in the King of England's hands as a Security for the Money June 7. 1547. After which falling into a Dropsie he died Jan. 28. following being the Fifty fifth Year of his Age and Thirty seventh of his Reign He had the Soul of a Prince Magnificent and Liberal and whatever may be said of King-Craft understood what it was to be a King Nor were the Popes Julius II. and Leo X. less sensible of it which made them so forward to have engag'd him to their Interest For the former having by a Decree of the Council of Lateran depriv'd the King of France of the Title of Christianissimus transferr'd it to him but died before the Bull was sent over 1514. and the latter granted to him Poster is suis the Title of Defensor Fidei 1521. His Wives as hath been said were SIX but he had Issue only by the Three first viz. By Queen Catharine 1. Henry Tudor born Jan. 1. 1509. and died Feb. 22. following 2. Another not Named born 1514. but liv'd not long 3. Mary Tudor born Feb. 18. 1518. and afterwards came to be Queen of England By Queen Anne Bullen 1. Elizabeth Tudor born Septemb. 10. 1533. who succeeded her Half Sister Mary in the Crown 2. A Male-Child still-born Feb. 29. 1535. By Queen Jane Edward born as before made Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal and Earl of Chester Octob. 18. 1537. His Natural Issue Henry surnam'd Fitz Roy begotten on the Lady Elizabeth Talbois Daughter of Sir John Blount Kt. and Widow of Sir Gilbert Talbois created Earl of Nottingham June 18. 1525. and the same day Duke of Richmond and Somerset Died without Issue his Father living 1536. XXI To his Father succeeded his only Son Prince Edward VI. a Protestant to whom being yet but Nine Years of Age his Mother's Brother Sir Edward Seimour created Viscount Beauchamp 1536. Earl of Hertford 1538. was appointed Governour proclaimed Lord Protector Feb. 1. 1547. and made Duke of Somerset the 17th of the same Month At which time also his younger Brother Sir Thomas Seimour was made Lord Sudley and High Admiral of England the late Lord Admiral Dudley Earl of Warwick the Lord Chancellor Wriothsley Earl of Southampton and the King Crown'd the 25th following Whereupon the REFORMATION began but the Lord Chancellor seeming averse to it was remov'd from the Privy-Council discharg'd of all his Offices and Sir William Pawlett Lord St. John made Chancellor in his room In which Year the Parliament having given the King Free-Chappels c. he set out the Free-Chappel of St. Stephen founded by King Stephen for a place of Sitting for the House of Commons which before that time had been in the Chapter House of the
him Wolfgang William who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Newburg An. 1614. turned Papist the same Year and by that means was very uneasie to his Mother and Brethren He was embroiled in the Low-Country Wars for the Succession to the Dutchy of Juliers and departed this Life 1653. having had three Wives the first being Magdalen Daughter of William Duke of Bavaria deceased 1628. The second Catharine Charlotte Daughter of John the Second Dake of Deux Ponts deceased March 21. 1651. and the third Mary Frances Daughter of Francis Egon Earl of Furstenburg who died the same Yeat she was married viz. May 7. 1652. By the first of these Ladies he was Father of Philip William the present Duke born Nov. 24. 1615. who succeeded him at his Death An. 1643. In 1666. the difference 'twixt him and the Elector of Brandenburg touching their Right of Succession to the Dutchies of Cleves and Juliers was fairly accommodated after several sharp Disputes which at length ended in Blows After the decease of Charles Elector Palatine which hapned as hath already been said in 1685. He became possessed of the Electorate by Virtue of the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg Art 5. Nevertheless he has been since thrown Out contrary to all Law and Equity by the French King An. 1688. And altho' he had recovered many Places in It in the Year 1689. by the assistance of the Confederates yet he continues as yet at Newburg In 1642. he took to Wife the Princess Anne Catharine Constance Daughter of Sigismund the third King of Poland After whose decease An. 1651. he most happily contracted himself a second time in the Year 1653. to the Princess Elizabeth Amalia Daughter of George Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt his present Dutchess by whom he is Father of a fair Race of Princes their Names as follow 1. Eleanor Magdalen Theresia born at Dusseldorp Jan. 6. 1655. married Jan. 6. 1677. or Dec. 14. 1676. at Passau to the present Emperor Leopold the First 2. Mary Adelheid Anne born Jan. 6. 1656. deceased Dec. 23. in the Year following 3. Sophia Elizabeth born 1657. deceased 1658. 4. John William Joseph Prince Hereditary born at Dusseldorp Ap. 19. 1658. and married at Newstadt in Austria on Oct. 25. New-Stile 1678. to the Princess Mary Anne Joseph Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third by Eleanor of Mantua his third Wife In 1683 she was brought to Bed of a Boy but Still born In 1686. she Miscarried a second time after which she never had her Health well but died within three Years after at Vienne viz. Ap. 17 7. 1689. 5. George Wolfgang born 1659. and designed for Bishop of Breslaw but died June 3. 1683. 6. Lewis Anthony Grand Master of the Teutonick Order born at Dusseldorp July 9. 1660. 7. Charles Philip born Nov. 4. 1661. and married at Berlin on July 24. 1688. to Lovise Charlotte de Ratzeville Lewis Marquess of Brandenburg's Widow 8. Alexander Sigismund Dean of Augsburg and President of the Chapter of Constance born at Newburg Ap. 16. 1663. 9. Francis Lewis born at Newburg July 24. 1664. and elected Bishop of Breslaw Jan. 30. 1683. 10. Frederick William born at Dusseldorp July 20. 1665. 11. Mary Sophia Elizabeth born Aug. 6. 1666. and married in 1687. to Peter King of Portugal 12. Mary Anne born at Dusseldorp Oct. 28. 1667. and affianced to Charles the Second King of Spain Aug. 28. 1689 to which Prince she is now going to be sent 13. Philip William Augustus born Nov. 18. 1668. 14. Dorothy Sophia July 12. 1670. 15. Hedewig Elizabeth Amalia July 18. 1673 16. John deceased 1675. 17. Leopoldina Eleanor Sophia born May 27. 1679. Of the Branch of Sultzbach § XV. 'T Is now time that Augustus Propagator of this Branch again appear having been already mention'd by us in the beginning of the last Section Numb 5. His Wife was Hedewig Daughter of John Adolph Duke of Holstein who bore him 1. Anne Sophia married to Joachim Erneste Count Ettingen deceased 1675. 2. Christian Augustus born July 16. 1622. a Prince of as many and as great both natural and acquired Accomplishments as humane Nature is capable of His Princess was Amalia of Nassau who departed this Life 1669. having born him Issue as followeth 1. Hedewig Augusta born 1650. married to Julius Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg deceased 1681. 2. Amalia Sophia a Professed Nun born 1651. 3. Julianus Augustus born 1654. deceased 1657. 4. Christian Ferdinand born 1656. deceased 1658. And 5. Theodore born Feb. 14. 1659. the Joy and Hopes of his aged Parent 3. Adolph Frederick decease 1624. 4. Augusta Sophia born 1624. she was married to Wenceslaus Duke de Lobkowitz and died 1682. 5. John Lewis deceased 1649. And 6. Philip born Jan. 19. 1630. whose Courage and Conduct in Military Affairs is sufficiently known to all Europe He has hitherto lived a Batchellor Of the Line of Deux-Ponts § XVI PRince John second Son of Wolfgang Duke of Newburg and Deux Ponts of whom we spoke in the thirteenth Section was Author of the new Line of Deux-Ponts his Wife being Magdalen Daughter of William Duke of Cleve Juliers and Mons by whom he had seven Children which we shall set down in the following Order 1. Lewis William born 1580. deceased 1581. 2. Mary Elizabeth born 1581. married to George Gustavus Count Palatine of Veldentz and Lautereck deceased 1637. 3. Anne Jacobea born 1582. deceased the Year following 4. Anne Magdalen deceased in her Infancy 5. John the Second born 1584. of whom again a little below 6. Frederick Casimire born 1585. whose usual Residence was at Landsberg where he left an only Son surviving at his death which happened in 1645. born him by his Wife the Princess Amalia Daughter to William Prince of Orange An. 1619. and named 1. Frederick which Frederick succeeded in 1661. by Right of Inheritance to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts upon the decease of his Cousin Frederick without Issue Male as you will see below Nevertheless he lost it again in the last French War and departed this Life April 1. 1681. leaving only two Daughters notwithstanding the numerous Issue he had born him by his Wife the Princess Juliana Magdalen of Deux-Ponts his Cousin-Germain Their names are 1. Charlotte Amalia born 1653. and affianced to John Philip Count Isenburg And 2. Elizabeth Christina born 1656. and married in 1678. to Emico Count de Leiningen 7. John Casimire born 1589. of whom more below We now return to John the Second who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts This Prince obtained of the Emperor a Power to Sit and Vote in the Diets of the Empire and dyed in the Year 1635. having had to his first Wife Catharine Daughter of Renatus Count Roven deceased 1607. and by her a Daughter named Magdalen Catharine who was married to Christian the First of Birckenfeldt and died 1648. His second Dutchess was Lovise Juliana Daughter of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine deceased 1640. or 1637. by which last Lady
he had Issue as followeth 1. Elizabeth Lovise Lady Abbess of Hervorden born 1613. 2. Frederick born Ap. 5. 1614. deceased 1661. His Princess was Anne Juliana of Nassan by whom he had Issue only Daughters namely 1. Elizabeth born 1642. married to Victor Amadeus Prince of Anhult 1667. deceased Ap. 17. 1677. 2. Sophia Amalia born 1646. and married in 1678. to Sigfrid Count de Hobenlâ—â— 3. Charlotte Frederica born 1653. and espoused to William Lewis Count Wherefore Frederick dying without Issue Male the Succession to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts fell to his Consin-Germain Frederick of Landsberg mentioned by us a little above 3. Catharine Charlotte born 1615. married to Wolfgang William Duke of Newburg 1631. deceased March 20. or 21. 1651. 4. Anne Sibilla born 1617. deceased 1641. 5. John Lewis born 1619. deceased 1647. 6. Juliana Magdalen born 1621. affianced to Frederick Lewis Count Palatine in Landsbery in 1644. deceased Marchs 5. 1672 7. Mary Aemilia born 1622. deceased 1641. Now follows John Casimire youngest Son of Duke John the First who Travelled into Sweden where he performed many notable Services for Charles the Ninth King of that Country both against the Poles and Denes In 1615. he married the Princess Catharine Daughter of the said King and died 1652. leaving Issue 1. Christina Magdalen born 1616. married to Frederick the Third Marquess of Baden Durlach deceased 1662. 2. Charles Gustavus born Nov. 8. 1622. to whom Queen Christina gave up the whole Kingdom of Sweden with all its Claims and Dependencies His Queen was Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick now a Widow by whom he had Issue Charles the Eleventh the present King of whom and his Issue see more above in the Swedish Family 3. Mary Euphrosyna born Feb. 4. 1625. espoused by Magnus Gabriel Count de la Gardie Arch-Drozet of Sweden deceased in Decemb. 1687. 4. Eleanor Catharine the late Relict of Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse in Eschwegen born May 17. 1626. deceased 16 5. Adolph John born Oct. 11. 1629. deceased Oct. 14. 1689. possessed of a very large Estate in Sweden where he married two Wives the first being Elizabeth Beata Daughter of Peter Brahe Earl of Wisenburg deceased 1653. The other Elizabeth Daughter of Nicholas Brahe Erick Count Oxenstern late Lord Chancellor of Sweden's Widow deceased also last March 1689. His Children now living are two Sons and as many Daughters namely Adolph John born Aug. 13. 1666. Gustavus Samuel born Ap. 2. 1670. Catharine An. 1661. And Mary Elizabeth 1663. Of the Branch of Birckenfeld § XVII WE are now come to mention Charles youngest Son of Wolfgang Duke of Newburg and Deux-Ponts who propagated the Branch of Birckenfeld by a Marriage with the Princess Dorothy of Lunenburg of the Line of Zell who bore him a Daughter named Sophia married to Crato Earl of Hohenloh deceased Nov. 6. 1676. And Three Sons 1. George William 2. Christian And 3. Frederick born 1594. deceased a Bachellor 1626. In the Issue of the Two first the Branch of Birckenfeld subdivided it self into two lesser Branches that of Birckenfeld properly so called and that of Bischweiler The first began in George William born 1593. who had the Territory of Birckenfeld for his Portion and took the Lady Dorothy of Solms to his first Wife who dying in the Year 1625. he was re-married to the Rhinegrave Juliana from whom he was afterwards divorced and thereupon espoused the Lady Anne Elizabeth of Ettingen his third and last Wife His Death bears date 1669. And his Children by the first Venture were 1. Anne Sophia born Ap. 2. 1619. deceased 1680. she was Lady Abbess of Quedlingburg 2. Juliana and deceased both in their Infancy 3. Elizabeth deceased both in their Infancy 4. Charles Otho a Valiant Champion of the Gospels deceased 1672. whose Wife was Hedewig Crato Count Holenloh's Daughter by whom he had Issue Charles William deceased an Infant 1660. Charlotte Sophia Elizabeth born 1661. And Hedewig Eleanor Dorothy in 1663. 5. Mary Magdalen born 1622. and married to Anthony Gunther Count Swartzburg An. 1644. Return we now to Christian of Bischweiler born 1598. deceased Aug. 10. 1654. whos 's two Wives were Magdalen Catharine Daughter of John the Second Duke of Deux Ponts and Mary Joan of Helfenstein By the first of which he had Issue 1. Dorothy Catharine born July 3. 1634. and married to John Lewis Count Nassau in Otweiler 2. Lovise Sophia born 1635. as yet unmarried 3. Christian the Second born June 22. 1637. In 1667. he married the Lady Catharine Agatha Daughter of John James the last Earl of Rappolstein deceased 1683. by whom he has Issue now living Magdalen Claudia born 1668. Charlotte Wilhelmina 1672. And Christian the Third Nov. 7. 1674. 4. John Charles born Oct. 17. 1638. a Prince of great Experience in Military Affairs In 1685. he took to Wife Sophia Amalia Daughter of Frederick Duke of Deux-Ponts Sigfrid Count Hohenloh's Widow brought to Bed of a Daughter Feb. 1. 1686. 5. Anne Magdalen born 1640. and married to John Rheinhard Earl of Hanâ—â—lt Oct. 18. 1659. Of the Bavarian Line § XVIII IT has already been observed in the second Section of this Chapter that Lewis the Third was third Son of Elector Lewis the First He was Born 1277. carefully brought up by his Mother at Vienna in Austria had the Upper Bavaria for his Patrimony and was elected Emperor 1314. After the decease of his Cousin John Duke of the Lower Bavaria who had married his Daughter he entered on the Possession of the greatest part of his Inheritance He likewise seized on the Electorate of Brandenburg upon the death of Woldemar Marquess thereof bestowing the same on his own Son Lewis Moreover he had War with Frederick the Fair Arch-Duke of Austria whom he took Prisoner in the end An. 1324. and was likewise at variance with the Pope who plagued him very much In 1347. he died of an Apoplexy occasioned by his Bodies being grievously bruised by a fall from his Horse as he was hunting the Bear having had to his first Wife the Lady Beatrix of Glogaâ—â— and William Earl of Holland and Zealand's Daughter to his Second His Issue by the first were 1. Lewis the Fourth who had the Marquisate of Brandenburg given him by his Father An. 1319. which he defended against the pretended Woldemar and his adherents He deceased in the Year 1361. having had to Wife Margaret Maultaschen Daughter of Henry Duke of Carinthia and Stiria Earl of Tirole c. And by her an only Son named 1. Mainhard who followed his Father by a too hasty Fate An. 1363. 2. Mechtildis or Maud married to Frederick Landtgrave of Thuringe and Marquess of Misnia deceased 1346. 3. Beatrix affianced to Charles Martel King of Hangary deceased 1315. 4. Stephen surnamed Fibularus of whom in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 5. Anne or as others Agnes deceased 1353. Children of the Emperor Lewis by his second Wife 1. Lewis surnamed The Roman who had the
Marck assigned him by his Brother Lewis but died without Issue 1366. or 69. 2. William who had the Government of Holland and Zealand in the Netherlands settled on him by his Mother but fell distracted and died so 1377. 3. Anne affianced to Gunther Count Swartzburg 4. Elizabeth remarried after the decease of her first Husband John Duke of the Lower Bavaria to Ulrick Count Wirtenberg and again after his decease to Scaliger Duke of Verona 5. Otho Henry his Brother's Successor in the Marck which nevertheless he Sold for 200000 Florins to Wenceslaus Son to the Emperor Charles the Fourth and died 1379. 6. Albert the First who succeeded his Brother William in the Government of Holland and Zealand and left the same to his Son William the Second He departed this Life 1404. or according to Others 1405. having had Margaret Daughter of Lewis Duke of Brieg in Silesia to his first Wife and another Margaret Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleve to his second His Issue by these Ladies were 1. William the Second who succeeded his Father in the Counties of Holland Zealand and Haynalt and died 1417 having had Mary Daughter of Charles the Fifth King of France to his first Wife and after her decease Margaret Daughter of Philip the Bold Duke of Burgundy by which last he had Issue an only Daughter named Jaqueline married to the Dauphin of France and after his untimely Death to John of Burgundy Duke of Brabant by which Match the Provinces aforesaid were passed over to the House of Burgundy This Lady Jaqueline after many turns of Fortune departed this Life Oct. 8. 1436. 2. Albert the Second who liv'd at Stranbingen in Bavaria where he likewise deceased An. 1399. 3. John elected Bishop of Liege An. 1400. with the Inhabitants of which City he had afterwards much ado Nevertheless upon his Brother's decease he quitted both Orders and Bishoprick taking to Wife Elizabeth of Lutzelburg yet departed this Life without Issue An. 1424. but not without suspicion of Poyson 4. Margaret married to John the Bold Duke of Burgundy An. 1385. deceased 1426. 5. Joan affianced to Albert the Fourth of Austria deceased 1390. 6. Catharine to Edward Duke of Guelderland And 7. Anne to Wenceslaus afterwards Emperor An. 1377. she died 1388. § XIX Return we therefore to Stephen in whose Issue this Line was continued He departed this Life 1375. having had Elizabeth Daughter of Lewis King of Sicily and Hungary to his first Wife and another Elizabeth Daughter of John the Second Burgrave of Norimberg to his Second His Issue by the first Venture were 1. Stephen the Second who had Ingolstadt and the Lands belonging thereunto for his Patrimony a Prince renown'd for his Piety and Courage and very dear to his Subjects on that account He departed this Life in the Year 1413. having been twice married first to Thaddaea the Vice-Count of Milan's Daughter and after her decease to Margaret Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves By the first he had Issue 1. Isabel married to Charles the Sixth King of France 1385. deceased 1435. 2. John Bishop of Ratisbonn◠deceased 1409. 3. Lewis Barbatus or Long-beard a Prince of an uneasie Temper impatient either of an Equal or Superior He had Wars with his Son Lewis the Crooked whom he would have disinherited in favour of his natural Son in which he was taken Captive by his Son and Imprisoned at Newburg From thence he was Sold to Albert Achilles Elector of Brandenburg and by him a second time to Henry Duke of Bavaria in Landshut for two and thirty thousand Florins in whose Custody he died at Burchausen An. 1447. His Wives were two French Ladies Anne of Bounbon and Catharine Daughter of Peter Count d' Alençon By the first he had Issue 1. Lewis the Crooked deceased before his Father An. 1445. and without Issue notwithstanding he had married Margaret Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Brandenburg 2. Elizabeth married to Otho of Austria An. 1312. 3. Frederick who had Landshut and the Lands belonging thereunto assigned him for his Patrimony of whose Posterity we shall immediately treat And 4. John of whom more in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line Now Frederick was surnamed The Wise and very happy in making People Friends when at difference He departed this Life at Landshut Dec. 4. 1393. leaving Issue by Magdalen Daughter of Bernabovius Vice-Count of Milan his Second Wife for by Anne Daughter of the Earl of Neyffen his first he had never any as followeth 1. Magdalen given in Marriage to John Meinhard Count of Goritia 2. Elizabeth espoused by Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg deceased 1443. 3. Margaret by Mark Vice-Count of Milan 4. Henry who being left an Orphan by his Parents in his tender Years had his Estate ruin'd in a manner by the ill management of Guardians yet afterwards by the more prudent Conduct of a certain Priest very well acquainted with the methods of House-keeping and improving an Estate not only redeem'd all things that had been any ways Imbezel'd or Mortgaged but being given to Parcimony laid up such great Treasures that in short he obtain'd the name of Rich. He departed this Life in the Year 1450. having had to Wife Anne Daughter of Albert the Fourth of Austria His Children by her necessary to be here mention'd were Joan and Elizabeth the one married to Otho Count Palatine in Mosbach The other to Ulrick Count Wirtenburg and died 1478. As also 1. Lewis a very dutiful Son who was likewise his Successor and had many Wars In 1450. he banished the Jews confiscating their Estates and Effects to his Exchequer and departed this Life 1479. At which time he left Issue by Amalia Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Sax. who died 1502. Margaret married to Philip Elector Palatine An. 1474. decased 1501. And 1. George surnamed the Rich who Founded the University at Ingolstadt and took to Wife Hedewig Daughter of Casimire King of Poland by whom he had Issue surviving at his death which happened in 1503. Elizabeth whom he married to Rupert the Tenth Count Palatine leaving her also his Heiress by Will which gave rise to a very bloody War 'twixt the Palatine and Bavarian Lines Margaret professed a Nun Lewis the Ninth deceased before his Father And Rupert in his Infancy § XX. Matters thus far cleared return we now to John youngest Son of Stephen the First who in the division of the Hereditary Teritories had Munchen for his Patrimony where he deceased 1397. His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Meinhard Earl of Goritia deceased 1391. who bore him Issue 1. William the Third a great defender of the Council of Basil who died 1463. leaving Issue by Margaret of Cleves Adolph and William both short-liv'd 2. Sophia married in 1389. to the Emperor Wenceslaus deceased 1428. And 3. Erneste deceased 1438. leaving Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Bernabovius Vice-Count of Milan Elizabeth married to Adolph Duke of Bergen An. 1434. and after
to the present great Duke of Tuscany Of the Augmentation of the Palatine-Bavarian Family § XXIII AFter that Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony and Bavaria had been Proscribed and Outed of all his Territories by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa Otho the First Earl of Witelsbach had both the Bavaria's as well Upper as Lower granted him for ever by the said Emperor To which also belonged at that time the Counties of Scherding and Newburg together with the Lordship of Burchausen Moreover he purchased the Counties of Dachow and Ritenburg as also the Lordships of Rotenburg and Rheningen This Prince's Grandson Otho the Second by a Marriage with the sole Daughter and Heiress of Henry Count Palatine obtain'd by Permission of the then Emperor the Palatinate of the Rhine being invested also at the same time with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. After this he bought the Castle of Lindenfeld and City of Nusloch in Cregovia An. 1256. and had Waldorf with the City of Wiselach given him by the Emperor Henry In 1281. Rodulph the First Emperor gave the County of Mosburg to Lewis the First Elector Palatine The same Prince became possessed of Ferden Landberg Wilswiburg Chagen Landau Mumuro Elbrecht-Kirchen and Libenau by right of Inheritance Afterwards upon Conradine Duke of Schwaben's being Beheaded there was an Accession of Lawgingen Hochstadt Schongau Swabeck Tussen Moringen Neumark and Amberg with some other Places to his other Territories Moreover he bought Schreisheim with the Castle of Stralenberg as also the City of Bretten in Cregovia In 1392. Rupert had half the County of Sponbeim in Dowry with his Wife the other half whereof together with the City Pfortzheim fell likewise to this Family in the time of the Elector Frederick the First At the same time that Rupert the Son became possessed of half Sponheim Rupert the Emperor his Father had the County of Simmeren Mortgaged to him which was afterwards wholly assigned over to this Family Moreover he bought the County of Deux-Ponts for 25000. Florins In 1404. Lewis â—â— Elector second Son to the said Emperor â—nd Eâ—pingon in Cregovia Sold him by the then Muquess of Eaden Much about the same time he was put in possession of the County of Kirchberg also In 1410. Stephen the First in Right or his Wife had the County of Veldentz settled on him In 1441. Frederick the First Outed the Earls of Lowenstein and seized on their Lands to which there was Accession of Lutzeilstein not many Years after The same Frederick had Bergstrasse Mortgag'd to him by the Arch-Bishop of Mentz Maximilian of Bavaria took Donawert 1607. bought the County of Middlebeim in Schwaben 1618. and succeeded to the Landtgraviate of Leuchtenberg some Years after by right of Confraternity or Act of Agreement to a mutual Succession The same Prince had an Eighth Electorship confirmed on him by the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg An. 1648. In 1654. Charles Gustavus of Deux-Ponts was Crowned King of Sweden whose Brother Adolph John has also acquired very large Possessions in the said Kingdom In 1666. Philip William Duke of Newburg since Elector Palume obtained the Dutchies of Julters and Mons together with the County of Ravenstein by an amicable agreement 'twixt his Serene Highness and the Elector of Brandenburg Of its Decrease § XXIV THe greatest Losses suffered by the Palatine-Bavarian Family have been in our Age for by the Fourth Article of the Peace of Osenburg Maximilian Duke of Bavaria was obliged to Cancel the Mortgage he had on the Upper Austria as also to restore Bergstrasse to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz by the same Pacification In the next French War the King of France without a Blush made himself Master of the Dutchy of Deux Ponts and County of Veldentz together with many Cities on pretence they were Dependants of Alsace In 1689. upon pretence of some other sham Title he made no scruple to possess himself of the Counries of Sponbeim Simmeren and Lautereck Nay he invaded the very Palatinate of the Rhine putting the same under Contributions and utterly ruining the Inhabitants by his Exactions What will be the future State of these Provinces time must show Of its Pretensions § XXV FRom these Encroachments some Pretensions must needs arise And indeed the King of Sweden has the fairest Title in the World to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts as next Heir Male. And then the present Elector Palatine Philip William demands not only Restoration of the Provinces taken from him by the French King but likewise satisfaction for the Damages done him in those that are left Moreover the Count Palatine in Veldeniz has lost his whole Earldom which likewise demands to be restored CHAP. IX Of the Family of Saxony as well Electoral as Ducal § I. ALbert the Third Elector of Saxony descended of the Family of Anhalt of whose Ancestors we shall â—â—y more when we come to treat of that Family coming to an unexpected and accidenâ—al end as also without Issue An. 1422 Freâ—â—rick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Landtgrave of Thuringe Son of Frederick the Strong was invested in the Electoral Dignity by the Emperor Sigismund An. 1425. whence â—he Marquesses of Misnia were descended the â—revity of our design will not permit us â—o discourse in this place Those that are deâ—â—rous may be informed in that matter by consulting the Learned Spener's Sylloge Genealogica 〈◊〉 Familiâ Witekindeâ Saxonicâ Now Frederick â—â—d opened an University at Leipsick some Years before he was made Elector viz. 1209. â—â—is Prince had also many Wars during his Government as namely in Franconia with the Poles in Bornsia with the Counts of Schwartzâ—urg Heldrungen and Hohenstein in Thuringia Moreover with the Elector of Brandenburg and lastly with the Bohemians or Hussites by whom his Forces were defeated with a very great Slaughter An. 1426. His Death bears date two Years after and his Dutchess was Catharine Daughter of Henry Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg who bore him this following Issue viz. 1. Frederick born Aug. 24. 1412. of whom in the next Section 2. Sigismund Bishop of Wurtzburg born 1416. deceased of a Dropsie 1457. 3. Henry born 1422. deceased 1435. 4. Anne married to Lewis the Third Landtgrave of Hesse deceased 1463. 5. Catharine married in 1441. to Frederick the Second Elector of Brandenburg And 6. William born 1425. who had the Landtgraveship of Thuringe assigned him for his Patrimony At first he had Wars with his Brother but in the end they were reconciled and agreed very well In short he refused the Crown of Bohemia when offer'd Took particular care for suppressing the notorious Insolencies of the Robbers that then infested his Countries And after the decease of Anne of Austria Daughter of Albert the Third his first Wife An. 1462. took the Lady Catharine de Brandenstein to his Second By the first of which he had Issue Two Daughters 1. Anne born 1453. betrothed to Henry Duke of Munsterberg but died before the Marriage was consummated And 2. Margaret
to Wife Agnes Daughter of Barnim the Eighth Duke of Pomerania of whom Two Daughters surviv'd Magdalen born 145 and married to Eitelfrederick the Fourth of Hoben Zollern and Agnes to George the Younger of Anhalt 5. Elizabeth born 1402. she was married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1418. and died 1450. 6. Cecily married to William the Viciortous Duke of Brunswick 1423. deceased 1449. 7. Margaret married to Lewis the Crooked Duke of Bavaria An. 1438. deceased 1465 8. Magdalen affianced to Frederick the Pious Duke of Lunenburg An. 1430. deceased 1480. 9. Dorothy born Feb. 9. 1420. married to Henry the Gross Duke of Meckleburg deceased 1477. And 10. Sophia who died in her Infancy and is by some omitted § III. Thus came the Government into the hands of Albert the First who by reason of the many Battels he had been in was stiled the German Achilles He was of such Authority in the Empire as the Emperor would undertake nothing without him so that it became a common saying That Albert Governed the Empire by Frederick the Emperor He confirm'd the Act of mutual Succession with the Families of Saxony and Hesse and had a very sharp War with Lewis the Rich Elector of Bavaria as also afterwards with the City of Nuremberg He departed this Life An. 1486. during the Session of that Dyet wherein Maximilian the First was elected King of the Romans having some Ten Years before given up the Administration of Affairs to his Son John and seated himself in Franconia from whence as from an advanced Ground he might the better observe his Actions In 1446 he took to Wife Margaret Daughter of James Marquess of Baden who dying in 1457. He the next Year married Anne Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony who died 1512. By these Ladies he had a numerous Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Frederick deceased in their Infancy 2. Wolfgang deceased in their Infancy 3. Ursula born Sept. 24. 1450. married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg Feb. 10. 1467. deceased 1503. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 29. 1451. married to Eberhard the Second Duke of Wurtenburg June 3. 1465. deceased Ap. 15. 1524. 5. Margaret Lady Abbess of St. Clare in the City Hoff born Ap. 18. 1453. deceased 1509. 6. John the Second born Aug. 2. 1455. of whom in the next Section 7. Frederick the Fourth born May 2. 1460. of whom below as Author of the Franconian Line 8. Aemilia born Oct. 1. 1461. and married after the decease of her first Husband Lewis Elector Palatine who died 1478. to Gaspar Palatine of Deux-Ponts she died 1481. 9. Anne deceased an Infant 1462. 10. Barbara born May 30. 1464. married in the 9th Year of her Age July 30. 1473. to Henry the last Duke of Glogaw and Crossen deceased a Widow 1510. 11. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1464. 12. Sibil born May 31. 1467. married to William Duke of Juliers and Mons ' July 8. 1480. deceased 1510. as others 1511. 13. Sigismund the First born Sept. 28. 1468. he serv'd the Emperor Maximilian the First in his Wars and came to an untimely death Feb. 26. 1495. 14. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1470. 15. Dorothy Lady Abbess of St. Clare in Bamberg born 1471. deceased 1529. 16. George born 1473. deceased in his Infancy 17. Elizabeth born 1474. married to Herman Count Henneberg deceased Ap. 25. 1507. 18. Magdalen born 1476. deceased an Infant And 19. Anastasia born 1478. married to William Count Henneberg of the Line of Sleusing 1500. deceased July 4. 1534. Of the Line Electoral § IV. MAtter 's thus far cleared return we now to John surnam'd Cicero who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was very fortunate in reconciling Princes when at difference yet had Wars himself with John Duke of Sagan He departed this Life Jan. 9. 1499 having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of William Duke of Saxony and by her this following Issue 1. Wolfgang born and dead the same Year viz. 1480. 2. Joachim the First born Feb. 21. 1484 of whom more a little below 3. Elizabeth born and deceased 1486. 4. Anne born 1487. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein afterwards King of Denmark deceased 1521. 5. Ursela born 1488. given in Marriage to Henry the Fourth Duke of Meckleburg 1506. deceased 1511. And 6. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop and Elector of Mentz as also Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg born June 28. 1490. deceased 1545. Joachim the First succeeded his Father at the Age of Fifteen and was a Prince well read in several sorts of Learning He opened an University at Francfort upon the Oder Ap. 27. 1506. In 1509. the Hamburghers put themselves under his Protection In 1500. he caused Thirty Eight Jews and a Christian to be Executed The Christian for selling the Host The Jews for Sacrificing it His death bears date 1535. and his Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of John King of Denmark who suffered much for her Religion which was the Protestant and died a Widow 1555. His Issue by her were 1. Joachim the Second born Jan. 9. 1505. of whom in the next Section 2. Anne born 1507. married to Albert the Seventh Duke of Meckleburg 1524. deceased 1567. 3. Elizabeth born 1510. and married to Erick the Elder Duke of Brunswick and after his decease to Poppo Count de Henneberg She died 1558. 4. Margaret born 1511. and married to George Duke of Pomerania Jan. 8. 1530. after whose decease she was affianced to John the Fourth Prince of Anhalt An. 1533. And 5. John surnamed The Prudent born Aug. 3. 1513. who had the new Marck with the Dutchy of Crossen assigned him by his Father and was stiled the Eye and Counseller of the Empire He was very well skill'd in the Oeconomicks Always Loyal to the Emperor yet would not admit of the Interimistick Form in his Jurisdiction He built the Castle and Fortification of Custrin and at length ended his days An. 1571. leaving Issue by Catharine Daughter of Henry the Tenth Duke of Brunswick whom he Married An. 1537. only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Elizabeth who was married to her Kinsman George Frederick of the Line of Franconia and died 1578. And 2. Catharine given in Marriage to another Kinsman namely Joachim Frederick the Elector She died 1602. § V. We now return to Joachim the Second who succeeded his Father and performed many notable Services for the Emperor more especially in repelling the Forces of the Turks He made publick profession of the Reformed Religion and began to settle the same in his Provinces causing in order thereunto the Ecclesiastick Ordination written by George Bucholtzer to be published An. 1545. In 1542. he was declared General of the Imperial Army against the Turks Moreover he raised the Fortifications at Spandaw and obtain'd of the Emperor Ferdinand the First the absolute and independant Soveraignty of the Dutchy of Crossen And of Sigismund Augustus King of Poland a grant of Succession to the Dutchy of Prussia provided his Kinsmen
Bohemia deceased 1656. to his Second Wife and then Maximiliana of Solms Maximilian Count Wallestein's Widow to his last and third By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Sophia Elizabeth born Jan. 2. 1616. married to Frederick William the Second Duke of Sax-Aldenburg 1638. deceased March 6. 1650. 10. Mary Eleanor born 1607. married to Lewis Philip Count Palatine of the Rhine in Simmeren An. 1630. deceased 1675. § VIII Of these John Sigismund succeeded his Father in the Dignity of Elector An. 1608. He had several Disputes which at length ended in a War for the Dutchies of Cleves and Mens He obtained Prussia of the Poles but with a great Incumbrance He made publick Profession of the Reformed Religion 1614. and departed this Life Dec. 13. 1619. His Princess was Anne Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. George William born Nov. 3. 1595. of whom see more a little below 2. Anne Sophia born March 17. 1598. married to Frederick Ulrick Duke of Brunswick 1614. deceased 1650. 3. Mary Eleanor born Nov. 11. 1599. affianced to Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden 1620. deceased 1655. 4. Catharine born 1602. and given in Marriage to Bethlem Gabor Prince of Transilvania An. 1626. and after his decease to Francis Charles Duke of Sax-Lawenburg 5. Joachim Sigismund Great Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg born 1607. deceased Feb. 23. 1625. 6. Agnes born 1606. deceased 1607. 7. John Frederick born 1607. deceased 1608. And 8. Albert born and deceased the same Year viz. 1609. George William succeeded his Father An. 1619. and in the beginning of the Triennial War took part with Gustavus Adolphus But afterwards made an Expedition against the Swedes An. 1639. partly for Pomerania and partly because they yet held many places in Prussia in which Country he died the Year following viz. 1640. His Wife was Elizabeth Charlotte Daughter of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine which Match gave Birth to this following Issue 1. Lovise Charlotte born Sept. 3. 1617. married to James Duke of Curland 1645. deceased Aug. 18. 1676. 2. Frederick William the Great born Feb. 6. 1620. of whom more in the next Section 3. Hedewig Sophia born at Six in the Evening July 4. 1623. married to Lewis the Sixth Landtgrave of Hesse 1649. deceased June 26. 1683. And 4. John born and dead the same Year viz. 1624. § IX We now return to Frederick William the Great who succeeded his Father in 1640. a Prince of as many Heroick Virtues as Humane Nature is capable of Who by reason of his great Authority in the Empire and vast Knowledge in Publick Affairs was look'd upon whilst he liv'd as common Father of the German Nation In him center'd all that might be said of any of his Ancestors In relation to Religion Devout to his Publick Actions Great to the many Battels he Fought Victorious to the extent of his Dominions August to his more peculiar Virtues Valiant Just Merciful By whom was he not esteemed the German Achilles By whom not regarded as the Pillar on which the safety of the whole Empire in a manner was sustain'd 'T is not for me to give a just Character of the greatest Hero of our Age Nor indeed were I able had I an hundred Tongues 'T is sufficient that his Heroick Actions are fresh in the Memory of all Men and that the Injury of time can never deface them This best of Princes departed this Life at Nine in the Morning on the 29th of April 1688. O. S. having Presided over his Provinces near Fifty Years We still kiss his Ashes and Consecrate his Sacred Memory to Eternity On the 7th of Dec. 1646. this Great Prince espoused the Princess Lovise Henrietta Daughter of Henry Frederick Prince of Orange his first Wife who dying June 6. 1667. he the Year following married his Second which was Dorothy Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein Glucksburg Christian Lewis Duke of Brunswick's Widow who departed this Life in the Caroline-Bath Aug. 6. 1689. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. William Henry born at Cleves May 11. 1648. deceased at Wesel Oct. 20. 1649. 2. Charles Emilius born at Nine in the Morning on Feb. 6. 1655. the hopes of his Parents and all the Brandenburg-Provinces which nevertheless were blasted by his untimely death at Strasburg Nov. 27. 1674. but reviv'd by the Birth of 3. Frederick the Third born at Nine in the Morning July 1. 1657. of whom in the next Section Twins born 1664. 4. Henry died the same Year And 5. Amalia Jan. 22. 1665. 6. Lewis born June 28. 1666. at Four in the Afternoon A Prince of the noblest Character and worthy so great a Father On Dec. 28. 1680. he took to Wife Lovise Charlotte de Ratzeville yet died this excellent Prince without Issue An. 1687. being much lamented by all good Men. Children of Frederick William the Great by his second Wife 1. Philip William born in May 1669. who gave signal proofs of his Courage in the Compagn against the French 1689. 2. Mary Amalia born Nov. 16. 1670. and married in 1687. to Charles Eldest Son and Heir Apparent of the present Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow and after his decease which happened March 15. 1688. to Maurice William Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg June 26. 1689. 3. Albert Frederick born Jan. 14. 1672. 4. Charles Philip Dec. 26. 1672. 5. Elizabeth Sophia March 26. 1674. 6. Dorothy 1675. deceased the Year following And 7. Charles Lewis at Four in the Afternoon on May 17. 1677. § X. 'T is now time that Frederick the Third appear the no less happy Son and Successor of a most Fortunate Father to whom we may justly apply this of the Poet. Egregia Insignisque nota est de Sanguine nasci Conspicuo priscas Majerum ostendere Ceras Fortibus eduntur Fortes Patriumque jubatis Robur Equis Bebus inest nec Dama Leonem Nec celeres Aquilae generant sine selle Columbam Eenic Meimbom in Vitâ Henrici Leonis For he doth not content himself with the only Glory of being descended from so great a Hero but has already made it sufficiently appear himself by the greatness of his Actions what the Christian World and True Church of God are still to expect from him May God protect this Mighty Prince May he cherish him in his Bosom and set him as a Bracelet on his Arm that he may eternally be blessed before him that he may live take root and flourish with all his Illustrious Family and there be never wanting One therein who may happily sway the Scepter of Brandenburg On the 23d of Aug. 1679. he married Elizabeth Henrica Daughter of William late Landt-grave of Fiesse after whose decease which happened on June 27. 1683. he most happily made choice of the Princess Sophia Charlotte Daughter of Ernestus Augustus the present Bishop of Osenburg and Duke of Brunswick for his Second Wife on Oct. 6. in the following Year By the first Venture he
Christian Ernestus the present Prince born July 24. 1644. and brought up for the most part during his Minority under the Tuition of Frederick William the Great Joachim Frederick de Bluhmenthal having in the mean time the Government of his Provinces In 1661. he took on him the Government himself since which he has given Singular Proofs both of his Courage and great Prudence on all Occasions In 1663. he was present at the Diet then held at Ratisbone and Chosen General for the Circle of Franconia in the same Year Also in the same Year he founded a famous School or College in the City Bareith called from his Name the Christian-Ernestine School See more of the Life of this Prince in Rentsch in Brandenburg Cederschein pag. 722. and Seqq. His first Wife was Erdmuth Sophia Daughter of John George the Second Elector of Saxony whom he married An. 1662. but she dying June 12. 1670. he the next Year took to Wife Sophia Lovise Daughter of Eberhard the Third Duke of Wurtenburg which last Match has given Birth to this following Issue viz. 1. Christiana Eberhardina born at six in the Evening Dec. 19. 1671. 2. Eleanor Magdalen born at seven in the Morning Jan. 14. 1673. 3. Claudia Eleanora Sophia born 1675. deceased Feb. 1. 1676. 4. Charlotte Emilia born 1677. deceased Feb. 5. 1678. 5. George William Prince Hereditary of Bareith born at nine in the Morning Nov. 16. 1678. 6. Charles Lewis born Nov. 11. 1679. deceased March 28. 1680. § XIII We now return to George Albert younger Brother of Erdman Augustus and his Posterity who had his Seat at Culembach and took to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg An. 1651. After whose decease he married Sophia Mary of Solms An. 1665. and departed this Life on Sept. 17. in the following Year viz. 1666. having had Seven Children whereof Three died young The other Four were 1. Erdman Philip born May 1. 1659. who came to a violent and untimely death by an accidental Wound on his Head Aug. 26. 1678. 2. Christian Henry born July 17. 1661. at five in the Afternoon and now Lieutenant-General of the Militia Light Horse belonging to the Circle of Franconia 3. Charles Augustus Canon of Magdeburg born at three in the Afternoon on the 18th of March 1663. And 4. George Albert born of the second Venture Nov. 27. 1666. § XIV Having now done with Christian the First mentioned by us both in the sixth and thirteenth Section and his Posterity 't is time we say somewhat of his Brother Joachim Ernestus and his Issue This Prince had the Lower part of the Principality in Franconia and so became Author of the Branch of Anspach In 1595. he was elected Master of the Order of St. John in Sonnenburg and departed this Life Feb. 25. 1625. having had to Wife Sophia of Solms of the Line of Labach and by her this following Issue 1. Sophia born May 31. 1614. married to Erdman Augustus Marquess of Bareith 1641. deceased Nov. 23. 1646. 2. Frederick the Eighth born Ap. 20. 1616. and Slain at the Battle of Nordlingen 1634. 3. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1617. 4. Albert the Fifth born Sept. 18. 1620. of whom more immediately And 5. Christian born 1623. deceased 1633. Wherefore Albert succeeded his Father and thro' the whole course of his Life and Government was a Fortunate Prince He departed this Life Oct. 22. 1667. having had Henrietta Lovise Daughter of Lewis Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Monpelgart deceased 1650. to his first Wife Sophia Margaret of Octingen who died 1664. to his Second And then Christina Daughter of Frederick the Third Marquess of Baden of the Line of Durlach to his Third which last Lady out-lived him and was afterwards married to Frederick Duke of Sax-Gotha By the second Venture he had Issue that surviv'd him namely 1. John Frederick born Oct. 8. 1654. 2. Albert Ernestus born Oct. 10. 1659. deceased Oct. 20. 1674. 3. Dorothy Charlotte born Nov. 19. 1661. and married to Ernestus Lewis the present Prince Regent of Hesse-Darmstadt Dec. 10. 1687. And 4. Eleanora Juliana born Oct. 12. 1663. and given in Marriage to Frederick Charles Duke of Wurtenburg and Administrator of that Dutchy during the Minority of his Nephew Eberhard Lewis An. 1682. John Frederick succeeded his Father and was stiled the Delight of his Subjects and indeed of all others who had the happiness to know him On Jan. 26. 1673. he took to Wife Joan Elizabeth of Durlach his Mother-in-law Christina's Sister who departing this Life 1680. he the next Year married Eleanor Erdmuth Daughter of John George Duke of Sax-Eysenach and died 1686. By the first Lady he had Issue 1. Leopold Frederick born and deceased the same Year 2. Christian Albert born Sept. 8. 1675. 3. Dorothy Frederica Aug. 12. 1676. 4. George Frederick Ap. 25. 1678. And 5. Charlotte born 1679. deceased 1680. By the other 1. Wilhelmina Charlotte born March 1. 1683. 2. Frederick Augustus born 1684. deceased 1685. And 3. William Frederick born Dec. 29. 1685. Of the Augmentation of the Family of Brandenburg § XVI 'T Was observ'd above how Conrade Count Zollern obtained the Burgraviate of Norimberg to which Frederick the Third added Bareith in Right of his Wife together with the Castle of Cadolkburg being part of the Dutchy of Mera The fame Frederick had the City of Creussen settled on him An. 1251. by the Emperor Conrade the Fourth In 1258. he bought Birnsherg and Eginhausen of the Barons of Vaenheim In 1261. he obtained the Government or Chastellany of Aurach That of Munchsteinach An. 1265. Those of Ekelsdorf Wendelstein Dchnepsenreuth and Sniklingen An. 1273. Those of Burckburnheim and Dachsbach An. 1280. Reustadt on the Culm An. 1282. Lenckershetm Eilbach and Bruck in the same Year and Reustadt on the Aisch An. 1285. In 1290. the Castle of Swermtz was bought by this Family which till then belonged to the Counts of Orlamund And the Right of Heilbran Monastry seems also to have fallen to it much about the same time In 1292. the Burgraves Conrade and Frederick bought Roth Rothstal and Winshath Burgrave John about the Year 1317. became possessed of Pegnik Erlougen Blcck Lindenhart Brichsenstadt and some other Places which till then were under the Jurisdiction of the King of Bohemia The same John had Ihirsheim Thirstein Markleuthen Berneck Golderonach Mirsherg and Trebgast with some other Places made over to him by the Marquesses of Misnia In 1321. Frederick the Fourth added Mohnstedel to his other Territories In 1326. he bought Grundlach Bruck and Hochstedt Staust and Ensfelden Two Years after And Ansbach with all its dependencies An. 1331. The same Frederick siding with Lewis of Bavaria the Emperor against the Anti Caesar Frederick the Fair took many of the Austrian Nobility Prisoners in the War whom indeed he dismissed without Ransom yet conditionally that for the future they and their Heirs should hold their Possessions in Fee of him and his for
Rhine Is all mine Nevertheless falling into Disgrace with the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa he was Proscribed by him and so lost all his Dominions except the Districts of Brunswick and Lunenburg and departed this Life An. 1195. This Prince therefore may be properly looked on as common Father of all the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg which have flourished from that down to the present Times He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Henry the Second King of England and by her Three Sons and Two Daughters viz. 1. Henry the Younger who in his Father's Life-time became possessed of the Palatinate of the Rhine in Right of his Wife Agnes Daughter and sole Heiress of Conrade last Count of that Palatinate nevertheless for want of Heirs Male he was succeeded therein by Otho Count Witelsbach Duke of Bavaria who married his only Daughter Agnes as we observed above in the Palatine-Bavarian Family 2. Otho chosen Emperor 1208. deceased without Issue 1218. 3. Ingeburg married to Woldemar the Second King of Denmark 4. Maud to Geoffrey Count de Perch And 5. William Propagator of the Family by being Father of Otho the First born 1204. § II. This Otho was created the first Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by the Emperor Frederick the Second An. 1235. and had Issue by Maud Daughter of Albert Elector of Brandenburg as followeth viz. 1. Albert of whom below in the next Section 2. John the First who had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and departed this Life 1276. or as others 1277. leaving Issue Otho the Fourth surnamed The Strong whose Wife was Maud Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine who bore him 1. Otho the Sixth Dake of Lunenburg succeeded for want of Issue Male by his Brother 2. William the Third who likewise died An. 1368. leaving Issue only Daughters 3. Conrade the First Bishop of Ferden deceased Oct. 15. 1303. 4. Otho the Second Bishop of Hildesheim deceased July 4. 1279. 5. Helena married to Albert the First Elector of Saxony deceased 1272. 6. Adelheid given in Marriage to Henry the first Landtgrave of Hesse 1239. deceased 1255. 7. Agnes the Wife of Wenceslaus Prince of Rugen 8. Maud espoused by Henry the First Prince of Anbalt And 9. Elizabeth by William Earl of Holland 1251. deceased 1266. § III. We now return to Albert surnamed The Great who upon his Father's decease succeeded to the Principality of Brunswick and died himself in 1279. having performed many Noble Actions and obtained several remarkable Victories His Children were 1. Henry surnamed Mirabilis or The Wonderful who had Grubenhagen assigned him by his Father's Will and departed this Life 1322. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Albert Landtgrave of Thuringia as followeth viz. 1. Henry who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Eisfeld and Duderstadt for his Patrimony in which he was succeeded by his Son 1. Otho the Seventh who Mortgaged the said Provinces to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz and was created Duke of Tarento and afterwards King of both the Sicilies but died without Issue An. 1387. 2. John Provost of Eimbeck And 3. Ernestus who by Agnes of Eberstein had 1. Frederick the First who died 1404. leaving Issue only a Son named Otho the Ninth deceased without Issue An. 1411. 2. Albert. And 3. Ernestus Provost of Eimbeck who died 1422. But Albert begot Erick the First who died 1449. and had Issue Two Sons 1. Henry the Fifth who died 1469. leaving only a Son named Henry the Seventh deceased Issueless An. 1526. And 2. Albert the Sixth who departed this Life 1486. and was succeeded by his Son Philip whose Brother Erick was Elected Bishop of Osenburg and Munster and died 1532. but Philip lived till 1555. settled the Reformed Religion in his Provinces and left Issue 1. Erneste the Sixth born Ap. 2. 1518. deceased 1567. 2. Albert the Seventh 3. John the Sixth 4. Wolfgang And 5. Philip the Second All which died without Issue Male so that Philip who departed this Life 1596. was the last of this Line 2. Albert the Second surnamed The Gross of whom in the next Section 3. William who had the District of Wolfembuttel for his Appennage and died an untimely Death An. 1292. Knights of the Order of St. John 4. Luder And 5. Conrade And 6. Otho the Third a Knight Templar § IV. We now return to Albert the Gross who at first had only the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen but upon his Brother William's Decease laid claim to his Country and beat out his Brother Henry who had seiz'd it An. 1292. He departed this Life 1318. leaving Issue as followeth viz. 1. Otho the Fifth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Brunswick and died 1334. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Conrade Marquess of Brandenburg only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Agnes married to Barnim the Third Duke of Pomerania deceased 1371. And 2. Judith the Wife of Henry surnamed Ferreus or Ironside Landtgrave of Hesse 2. Ernestus whose Patrimony was the Lordship of Gottingen and Principality of Calenberg where he had Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Henry the Fourth Duke of Glogaw a Son and a Daughter namely 1. Elizabeth or as others Anne married to William the First Count de Henneberg An. 1414. 2. Otho the Eighth who succeeded him and died 1394. having had to Wife Margaret Countess of Bergen and by her an only Son Otho the Tenth surnamed Monoculus from his having but one Eye in whom the Branch of Gottingen became extinct An. 1463. 3. Magnus of whom more in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 4. Albert the Third Bishop of Halberstadt deceased 1358. 5. Henry the Third Bishop of Hildesheim deceased Feb. 6. 1363. 6. Maud elected Lady Abbess of Gandersheim An. 1305. And 7. Ludger Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia § V. We now return to Magnus Son of Albert the Gross who at first kept his Court at Sangerhuse but after his Brother Otho's Decease obtained the Principality of Brunswick An. 1334. and died himself 1368. having had Issue by Sophia Daughter of Henry Marquess of Landsberg as followeth viz. 1. Lewis the Second deceased without Issue 1358. notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of William Duke of Lunenburg of whom we made mention in the second Section Numb 2. 2. Otho deceased in Italy 3. Magnus Torquatus of whom below 4. John the Fifth whom some make Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg yet omitted by others 5. Albert the Fifth Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1395. 6. Sophia who died a Maid 7. Maud the Wife of Bernhard the Third Prince of Anhalt 8. Helena married to Otho And 9. Agnes to Erick Count de Hoye Wherefore Magnus was the only Preserver of this Family and succeeded his Cousin William in the Principality of Lunenburg An. 1368. his Father being yet living after whose decease he obtained that of Brunswick also in the same Year His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Woldemar Elector of Brandenburg by
had his Seat at Harburg where he had Issue by the Lady Metta de Rampen Otho the Fifteenth born Sept. 25. 1528. which Otho had Two Wives namely Margaret of Swartzburg and Hedewig Daughter of Emico Earl of East-Friesland and by them a numerous Off-spring whose Names were 1. Elizabeth born 1553. and married to Erick de Brabe Earl of Wisenburg in Sweden 1582. 2. Otho Henry born 1555. deceased 1591. 3. John Frederick born 1557. deceased 1619. 4. William the Eighth who succeeded his Father in the District of Marburg but died without Issue An. 1642. 5. Enno born 1565. deceased in his Infancy 6. Anne Margaret Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1567. deceased 1643. 7. Henry born and dead 1568. 8. Hedewig born 1569. deceased an Infant 1620. 9. Christopher the Second born Aug. 21. 1570. deceased July 7. 1606. having had to Wife Elizabeth Daughter of Julius Duke of Brunswick but by her no Issue 10. Otho the Sixteenth born March 20. 1572. deceased also without Issue 1641. notwithstanding he had married Hedewig another Daughter of the said Julius Duke of Brunswick 11. John the Seventh born 1573. deceased 1625. 12. Elizabeth born 1574. deceased in her Infancy 13. Catharine Sophia born 1577. and married to Herman Count Schaumberg 1619. 14. Frederick the Sixth born Dec. 6. 1578. who served Charles King of Sweden in his Liffland Wars and died Sept. 17. 1605. And 15. Frederick Augustus born and dead the same Year viz. 1580. 3. Erneste the Seventh Preserver of the Family born June 26. 1497. of whom in the next Section 4. Apollonia born 1499. deceased 1571. whose Epitaph is still to be seen in the Cathedral Church at Ultzen 5. Anne born 1502. married to Bernim Duke of Pomerania 1523. deceased 1568. And 6. Francis the First born Nov. 23. 1508. who kept his Court in Giffhorn-Castle where he likewise died An. 1540. having had to Wife Clara Daughter of Magnus Duke of Sax-Lawenburg and by her Two Daughters that out-liv'd her namely 1. Catharine born 1534. married to Henry of Ruthen Burgrave of Meissen deceased 1565. And 2. Clara to Bernhard of Anhalt and after his decease in 1572. to Bugislaus Duke of Pomerania She died 1578. The above-named Henry is likewise said to have had Two other Sons and a Daughter but being their Names are no where to be found 't is not to be doubted but that they died Infants § XII We are now come to speak of Erneste the Seventh which Prince settled the Reformed formed Religion in his Provinces and subscribed the Augustane Confession Moreover he defeated the Tumultuous Boors with their Adherents As also the Anabaptists by the Assistance of the Bishop of Munster and departed this Life in the Year 1546. and 49th of his Age. He had to Wife Sophia Daughter of Henry surnamed The Peace-Maker Duke of Meckleburg whom he married An. 1520. and by her a numerous Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Francis Otho born June 20. 1530. deceased Ap. 25. 1559. just after his Marriage with Elizabeth Magdalen Daughter of Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg 2. Frederick the Fifth born 1532. and Slain at the Battle of Sivershuse July 9. 1553. 3. Henry the Eleventh born June 4. 1533. who designing to live a Batchellor was content with the Counties of Danneberg and Wittenburg and resigned the Principality of Lunenburg to his younger Brother William yet afterwards altering his Mind married Ursula Daughter of Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg An. 1569. and died Jan. 17. leaving Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. Julius Ernestus born March 11. 1571. who succeeded him in his Possessions and took to Wife Mary Daughter of Emico Earl of East-Friesland after whose death An. 1616. he married Sibil Daughter of William Duke of Brunswick-Hanouer who survived him and liv'd till 1652. whereas himself died 1636. leaving Issue only a Daughter and that by his first Wife namely Mary Catharine born 1616. married to Adolph Frederick Duke of Meckleburg Swerin 1635. deceased 1665. 2. Francis the Third Canon of Strasburg and Cologne born June 6. 1572. and lost in the River not far from Strasburg 3. Sibil Elizabeth born 1576. and married in 1601. to Anthony Count Oldenburg 4. Sidonia born 1577. deceased a Maid 1645. 5. Augustus of whom more in the next Section as Author of the new Line of Brunswick 4. Margaret born June 10. 1534. and married to John Count Mansfeldt 5. William the Seventh born July 4. 1535. of whom more in the fourteenth Section as Propagator of the Line of Lunenburg 6. Ursula born 1536. deceased 1538. 7. Catharine born 1537. deceased in her Infancy 8. Elizabeth Ursula born 1539. married to Otho Count Schaumburg 1558. deceased 1586. 9. Magdalen born 1540. married to Arnold Count Benthem 1561. deceased 1586. And 10. Sophia born 1541. given in marriage to Poppo Count Henneberg 1562. Of the New Line of Brunswick or Wolfembuttel § XIII WE now return to Augustus the Second born Ap. 10. 1579. who at first kept his Court at Hitzgar but upon the decease of Frederick Ulrick in 1634. the last of the Old Line of Brunswick and his own Brother Julius Ernestus dying likewise soon after he succeeded 'em both in their Dominions yet so as that the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen were to return to the Line of Zell He was a Just Religious Merciful Prince well read in all sorts of Learning He was elected Head of the Fruitful Society The whole course of his Government was exceeding happy to the very day of his Death which was Sept. 17. 1666. and the Eighty Eighth of his Age. His first Wife was Clara Maria Daughter of Bugislaus Duke of Pomerland stetin Sigismund Augustus Duke of Meckleburg's Widow deceased 1623. His second Dorothy of Rudolph Prince of Anhalt Servestan who died Sept. 26. 1634. And his third Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of John Albert Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow married to him in 1635. whom he left a Widow By the second and third Ladies he had a fair Issue whose Names were and are as follow viz. 1. Henry Augustus born Ap. 28. 1625. deceased Sept. 30. 1627. 2. Rudolph Augustus born May 16. 1628. who succeeded his Father and by the Assistance of the other Princes of his Family subdued the City Brunswick which for some Ages had withdrawn its Allegiance from its lawful Prince where he caused a House of Correction to be built and restored the great Fair call'd Die Messe In 1650. he married the Lady Christina Elizabeth Daughter of Adolph Frederick the last Count de Barbien deceased 1681. having born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. Dorothy Sophia born Jan. 28. 1653. and married to John Adolph Duke of Holstein-Plonen 1673. 2. Christina Sophia born Ap. 3. 1654. and affianced to her Cousin-Germain Prince Augustus William 1681. And 3. Eleanor Sophia born 1655. deceased the Year following 3. Sibilla Ursula born 1629. married to Christian Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg deceased 1671. 4. Anonyma deceased as soon as born 1631. 5. Clara Augusta born
June 25. 1632. and married to Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Stugart 1653. whose Widow she now is 6. Anthony Ulrick born Oct. 4. 1633. who now lives with his Brother Rudolph in joynt Authority of the Government setting a singular Example to the World of Brotherly Affection On the 17th of Aug. 1656. he took to Wife Elizabeth Julian Daughter of Frederick Duke of Holstein-Nordburg by whom he has had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Frederick Augustus born 1657. and Slain at the Taking of Philipsburg 1676. 2. Elizabeth Eleanor born 1658. married to John George Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin 1675. and after his Death in the same Year to Bernhard Duke of Sax-Meinungen of the Branch of Gotha 3. Anne Sophia born Oct. 28. 1659. and affianced in 1677. to Charles Gustavus Marquess of Baden-Durlach 4. Leopold Augustus born 1661. deceased the Year following 5. Augustus William Prince Hereditary of Brunswick born March 8. 1662. who on the 24th of June 1681. took to Wife Christina Sophia his Uncle Rudolph's Daughter but as yet has no Issue by her 6. Augustus Henry born Aug. 14. 1663. deceased Feb. 24. 1664. 7. Augustus Charles born and dead the same Year viz. 1664. 8. Augustus Francis born 1665. deceased the Year following 9. Augusta Dorothy born Dec. 16. 1666. and married to Anthony Gunther Count Swartzburg 1684. 10. Amalia Antonia born and deceased 1668. 11. Henrietta Christina born Sept. 19. 1669. 12. Lewis Rudolph born July 22. 1671. and solemnly Installed Knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem at Sonnenberg in December 1689. And 13. Sibil Ursula born 1672. deceased 1673. 7. Ferdinand Albert Eldest Son by the third Venture born May 22. 1636. who lived in Bevern-Castle where he also died An. 1687. having had to Wife the Lady Christina Daughter of Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse in Eschwegen and by her Issue as followeth viz. 1. Leopold Charles born and dead the same Year viz. 1670. 2. Frederick Albert born 1672. deceased 1673. 3. Sophia Eleanor born 1674. 4. Claudia Eleanora born 1675. deceased the Year following 5. Augustus Ferdinand born 1677. 6. Ferdinand Albert born 1680. 7. Ferdinand Christian And Twins born Mar. 4. 1682. 8. Ernestus Ferdinand Twins born Mar. 4. 1682. 8. Mary Elizabeth born Jan. 6. 1638. married to Adolph William Duke of Saxon-Eysenach 1663. and after his Decease to Albert Duke of Sax Coburg 9. Christian Francis born and dead the same Year viz. 1639. Of the Line of Zell and Hanouer § XIV MAtter 's thus far cleared 't is now time that William the Seventh Son of Erneste the Seventh appear This Prince succeeded his Father in the Principality of Lunenburg and died Aug. 20. 1592. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Christian the Third King of Denmark and by her a noble Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Sophia born Oct. 3. 1563. married to George Frederick Marquess of Brandenburg 1579. deceased Jan. 14. 1639. 2. Ernestus the Eighth born Nov. 19. 1564. who succeeded his Father but died a Batchellor An. 1611. 3. Elizabeth born Nov. 19. 1565. married to Frederick Count Hohenloe 1585. deceased 1621. 4. Christian the First Bishop of Minden born Nov. 19. 1566. deceased without Issue Nov. 8. 1633. 5. Augustus the First Administrator of the Bishoprick of Ratzeburg born Nov. 19. 1568. who succeeded his Brother in the Principality of Lunenburg and died Oct. 10. 1636. leaving Issue by Ilsa Smidichin Daughter of the Governour of Ebsdorf a natural Son named Erneste de Lunenburg whose Posterity flourisheth to this day 6. Dorothy born Jan. 1. 1570. married to Charles Count Palatine of the Rhine in Birckenfeld 1586. deceased Aug. 15. 1649. 7. Clara born June 16. 1571. married to William Count Swartzburg 1593. deceased 1658. 8. Anne Ursula born 1572. deceased Feb. 3. 1601. 9. Margaret born Ap. 5. 1573. married to John Casimire Duke of Saxony 1599. deceased Aug. 7. 1643. 10. Frederick the Seventh President of the Chapter of Bremen born Aug. 24. 1574. who succeeded his Brother Augustus and died without Issue Dec. 10. 1648. 11. Mary born Oct. 21. 1575. deceased Oct. 21. 1610. 12. Magnus the Third born 1577. deceased 1632. 13. George the Second born Feb. 17. 1582. of whom more in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line 14. John the Eighth Canon of Minden born June 23. 1583. deceased Nov. 21. 1628. And 15. Sibil born June 3. 1584. married to her Cousin-Germain Julius Ernestus of Danneberg 1617. deceased 1652. § XV. Now of these Seven Sons George alone was married for so it had been agreed amongst 'em that only One should Marry the other Six continue Batchellors and that they should cast Lots who the married Man should be The Lot fell to George who thereupon took to Wife the Lady Anne Eleanor Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt He was a Prince for true Piety Courage Wisdom and Sincerity worthy the Admiration of all Posterity In the Year 1633. he subdued the whole Bishoprick of Hildisheim together with the City of the same Name In 1636. he became possessed of the Principality of Calenberg and departed this Life Ap. 11. 1641. leaving Issue by the Lady Anne Eleanor aforesaid as followeth viz. 1. Christian Lewis born Feb. 25. 1622. who at first had his Residence at Hanouer but upon his Uncle Frederick's Decease succeeded to the Principalities of Lunenburg and Grubenhagen as also to the Counties of Hoye and Diepholt This excellent Prince died without Issue March 15. 1665. leaving the Lady Dorothy Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein Glucksburg a disconsolate Widow 2. George William born Feb. 16. 1624. a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the Heroes of the Age who at first succeeded his Brother Lewis in the Principality of Calenberg only but upon his Decease without Issue in that of Lunenburg also as also in the Counties of Diepholt and Hoye yet not without several hot Disputes with his younger Brother John Frederick on that occasion He has taken to Wife the Lady Eleanor Desmiers a French Lady Daughter of Alexander Baron of Olbreuze in France by whom he has only a Daughter now living whose Name is Sophia Dorothy born Sept. 15. 1666. and married to George Lewis her Uncle Ernest Augustus's Eldest Son Nov. 21. 1682. 3. John Frederick born Ap. 25. 1625. who by an Agreement with his Brother George William had the Principality of Calenberg made over to him and in 1668. married the Lady Benedicta Henrietta Philippina Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Never's Daughter He was given to Popery and died at Ausburg in his way to Rome Dec. 28. 1679. having had Issue only Daughters viz. 1. Anne Sophia born 1670. deceased 1671. 2. Charlotte Felicitas born March 8. 1671. 3. Henrietta Maria Josepha born March 9. 1672. deceased in France 1687. And 4. Wilhelmina Amalia born Ap. 26. 1673. 4. Sophia Amalia born March 24. 1628. married to Frederick the Third King of Denmark 1643. deceased Feb. 20. 1685. 5. Ernestus Augustus
Sophia married to John Elector of Saxony An. 1500. deceased July 12. 1503. 4. Anne to William Landtgrave of Hesse An. 1500. and after his decease to Otho Count Solms She died 1525. 5. Catharine the Wife of Henry Duke of Saxony of the Line of Albert deceased June 6. 1561. 6. Dorothy Lady Abbess of Reibnitz And 7. Albert the Seventh surnamed The Fair born May 3. 1487. deceased Jan. 10. 1547. His Wife was Anne Daughter of Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Eldest Son John Albert the First This John Albert was a very Learned Prince Governed his Provinces excellently well and departed this Life Feb. 2. 1576. leaving Issue by Anne Sophia Daughter of Albert Duke of Prussia and Marquess of Brandenburg 1. John the Seventh who being grievously opprest with Melancholy laid violent hands on himself at Stargart March 22. 1592. His Sons by Sophia Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein were 1. Adolph Frederick born Dec. 4. 1589. of whom in the next Section And 2. John Albert the Second born May 5. 1590. of whom more below in the Line of Gustrow Of the Line of Swerin § IV. JOhn Frederick was Author and Propagator of the present Line of Swerin This Prince was Proscribed with his Brother upon his siding with Christian the Fourth King of Denmark and had his Dutchy given to Wallenstein Duke of Friedland but was again restored to it by the Victorious Arms of Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden An. 1631. He departed this Life Feb. 24. 1658. being merely worn out by Age. His Wives were first Anne Mary Daughter of Enno Earl of East-Friesland who died 1634. And secondly Mary Catharine Daughter of Julius Ernestus Duke of Lunenburg and Brunswick deceased July 1. 1665. By these he had Issue 1. Christian Lewis the present Prince Regent born Dec. 1. 1623. who turned Catholick Oct. 29. 1663. and had the Order of the Holy Ghost conferr'd on him by the French King In the same Year he got himself divorc'd from Christina Margaret of Gustrow his Cousin-Germain and first Wife and married Isabel Angelia de Montmoreney the Duke de Chastillon's Widow but is like to have no Issue by her 2. Sâ—phia Agnes born Jan. 12. 1625. who leads a single Life and lately liv'd in Ruen Castle 3. Charles the born March 8. 1626. deceased without Issue Aug. 20. 1670. 4. Anne Mary born July 1. 1627. married to Augustus Administrator of Magdeburg 164 deceased 1669. 5. John George the First born May 5. 1629. who liv'd in Mirau Castle and married Elizabeth Eleanor Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Dake of Brunswick yet had no Issue surviving at his death which happened in the Year 1675. 6. Hedewig born 1630. deceased the Year after 7. Gustavus Rudolph born 1631. deceased May 14. 1670. having never had Issue by his Wife the Lady Erdmuth Sophia Daughter of Francis Henry Duke of Sax-Lawenburg 8. Juliana born 1633. deceased 1634. 9. Julian Sibil born 1636. as yet unmarried 10. Frederick born Feb. 13. 1638. who lived at Krabow with his Wife the Lady Christina Wilhelmina Daughter of Christopher Prince of Hesse Bingenheim by whom he left Two Sons surviving at his death which happened in April last Year viz. 1688. whose Names are Frederick William born March 13. 1675. And Charles born 1679. 11. Christina Lady Abbess of Gendersheim born 1639. 12. Bernhard Sigismand born and dead the same Year 1641. 13. Augusta born 1643. deceased 1644. 14. Mary Elizabeth born 1646. not yet married 15. Anne Sophia born Nov. 24. 1647. and married to Julius Sigismund Duke of Wurtenburg of the Silesian Line March 25. 1677. 16. Adolph Ernest born 1650. deceased the Year after 17. Philip Lewis born 1652. deceased 1655. 18. Henry William born and dead the same Year viz. 1653. And 19. Adolph August born 1650. who lives at present in the Castle of Strelitz and has taken to Wife his Cousin Mary Daughter of Gustavus Adolphus the present Prince Regent of Meckleburg-Gustrow by whom he hath a Son and as I think of his own Name Of the Line of Gustrow § V. THis Line began in John Albert the Second whom we mentioned in the end of the last Section He was of the Reformed Religion and ended his days in the Year 1636. His Wives were first Margaret Elizabeth Daughter of Christopher Duke of Secondly Elizabeth Daughter of Maurice Landtgrave of Hesse And Thirdly Eleanor Mary Daughter of Christian Prince of Anhalt By the first and second Ventures he had Nine Children whereof Five were short liv'd the other Four were 1. Sophia Elizabeth born 1613. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 1635. deceased 1676. 2. Christina Margaret born March 9. 1615. remarried after the decease of Francis Albert Duke of Sax Lawenburg her first Husband to Christian Lewis the present Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin deceased Aug. 16. 1666. 3. Anne Sophia born Sept. 29. married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1649. deceased Feb. 19. 1666. And 4. Gustavus Adolphus the present Prince Regent of the Line of Gustrow born Feb. 26. 1633. who hath taken to Wife Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick whom he married Nov. 28. 1654. and hath had Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. John born 1655. deceased 1660. 2. Eleanor born 1657. deceased 1672. 3. Mary born 1659. and married to her Cousin Adolph Gustavus of Swerin 4. Magdalen born July 4. 1660. 5. Sophia June 21. 1662. 6. Christina born Aug. 14. 1663. and married to Christian Lewis Count Stolberg An. 1683. 7. Charles the Second born Nov. 18. 1664. who in 1687. took to Wife the Princess Mary Amalia Daughter of Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg yet died this excellent Prince on the 15th of March in the following Year and that without Issue 8. Hedewig Eleanor born Jan. 12. 1666. 9. Lovise Aug. 28. 1667. 10. Elizabeth Sept. 13. 1668. And 11. Augusta Dec. 27. 1674. Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. WHat Lands Pribislaus the Second Duke of Meckleburg had granted him by Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony has been already observ'd Afterwards the Lordship of Stargart was added to this Dutchy An. 1290. In 1301. Henry of Jerusalem subdued the City Weismar by force of Arms. In 1317. this Family had the Province of Rostock settled on it by the then King of Denmnrk Albert the Second having married the Daughter and Heiress of Otho Rosa the last Earl of Swerin of the Family of Barlenleb did in her right become possessed of the said County with the City Domitz An. 1355. In 1431. upon the death of the last Prince of the that Principality fell to our Family as next of Blood In 1648. it had likewise the Bishoprick of Swerin but with the Title of a Principality the Bishoprick of Ratzburg a Canonry of Magdeburg a Canonry of Halberstadt and two Commendum's belonging to the Order of St. John namely Mirau and Numerau settled upon it by way of Compensation for the loss of Weismar CHAP. XIII Of the Family of Wirtenburg §
Albert Marquiss of Brandenburg-Ansbach 1682. by whom he had 1. Charles Alexander born Jan. 24. 1684. 2. Dorothea Charlotta born Sept. 1. 1685. 3. Frederick Charles born Octob. 28. 1686. 14. Charles Maximilian born Septemb. 28. 1654. By his Second Wife 15. George Frederick born Sept. 24. 1657. Captain-General of the Emperour's Guards slain with a Great-shot at the Siege of Cassaw Oct. 8. 1685. 16. One other without Name died as soon as born 1659. 17. Albertus Christianus born June 13. 1660. died 16â—3 18. Lodewick or Lewis born Aug. 13. 1661. Colonel of a Regiment of Horse in the Circle of Schwaben 19. Joachim Ernestus born 1662. died 1663. 20. Philip Sigismund born 1663. died 1669. 21. Charles Ferdinand born 1667. died 1668. 22. John Frederick born June 10. 1669. and now serves in the Imperial War 23. Sophia Charlotta born Feb. 22. 1671. 24. Eberhard born and died 1672. 25. Emanuel Eberhard born after the death of his Father 1674. died July 1. 1675. Of the Line of Mompelgard § V. THe Founder and Enlarger of this Line was the before mention'd Lewis Frederick Sect. 2. Numb 5. who died 1631. and was succeeded by Leopold Frederick to whom dying without Isse 1662. succeeded his Brother George II. born Oct. 5. 1626. but being beaten out by the French 1684. now lives in exile His Wife was Anne Daughter of Jasper de Coligny Mareschal of France married to him 1648. and died 1680. by whom he had 1. Otto Frederick born 1650. died 1653. 2. Henrietta born Jan. 8. 1654. died 1680. 3. Eleanora Charlotta born Nov. 20. 1656. married to Sylvius Frederick a Cadet of the House of Oelsen 4. Conrade Lodovick born and died 1658. 5. Anne born Dec. 30. 1660. 6. Elizabeth born March 17. 16â—5 7. Hedewig born March 22. 1664. 8. Leopold Eberhardus born March 21. 1670. Of the Silesian or Oelsen Line § VI. WE spoke before Sect. 2. Numb 7. of Sylvius Nimrod the Son of Julius Frederick He was born 1622. and married Mary the last Heir of the Principality of Oelsen the Investiture of which he receiv'd from the Emperour as King of Bohemia He died April 16. 1664. and left by the said Mary 1. Anna Sophia born 1648. died 1661. 2. Ferdinand Charles born 1650. died 1668. 3. Sylvius Fredericus born Feb. 21. 1651. He kept his Residence in the City of Oels and married Eleanora Charlotta of Mompelgard May 23. 1672. 4. Christianus Ulricus born April 9. 1652. His Seat was the Castle of Bernstadt He married Anne Elizabeth of Anbalt March 13. 1672. who died 1680. and after that Sybilla Maria Daughter of Christian Administrator of Mersburg Oct. 27. 1683. He had by his first Wise 1. Louisa Elizabetha born Feb. 22. 1673. 2. Chrisianus Ulricus born and died 1674. 3. Leopoldus Victor born 1675. died 1676. 4. Frederica Christiana born and died 1676. 5. Sophia Angelica born May 20. 1677. 6. Eleanora Amaena born 1678. died 1679. 5. Julius Sigismundus born Aug. 1. 1653. He dwelt in the Castle of Juliusburg with his Wife Anna Sophia of Mecklenburg whom he married March 25. 1677. and had by her 1. Maria Sophia born March 5. 1678. died Sept. 8. 2. Leopold Frederick born Feb. 29. 1680. died April 5. 1681. 3. Charles born March 1. 1682. after which the said Julius died Octob. 15. 1684. 6. Cunigunda Juliana born March 20. 1655. and died the same Day 7 Sylvius born and died May 8. 1660. Of the Augmentations of this Family § VII IN the Year 1072. Conrade Earl of Wirtenburg got the Earldom of Beutlesbach by Right of Inheritance In the Year 1214. Count John II. had the City of Stutgard in Dowry with his Wife it having formerly belong'd to the Marquisate of Baden In 1240. the Earldom of was added to it by Purchase In 1336. the Earldom of Gruningen In 1346. the Earldom of Calbe In 1397. Eberhard V. got the Earldom of Mompelgard by Marriage and in 1439. brought the Dutchy of Teccen into the Family by the same way In 1495. Eberhard VI. procur'd to it the Ducal Dignity In 1620. Duke Vlrick bought the Castle of Hobentwiel In 1646. Sylvius Nimrod was invested in the Principality of Oelsen and the Signories of Starenberg and Metzibor in Moravia Of the Decrease of this Family § VIII IT suffer'd much in the last French War for the King of France took from it the Earldom of Mompelgard with all its Dependencies in respect of which it has a manifest Pretence to it CHAP. XIV Of the Family of the Marquisses of Baden § I. THat this Family had the same Original with that of Austria Historians scarce suffer us to doubt it From the ancient Princes of Alsatia sprang the Family of Zeeringen who bore Rule far and wide in Brisgow from that Herman Brother of Berthold II. Son of Berthold I. Duke of Zeeringen had the Earldom of Hochbergen and died 1074. His Son Herman married the Lady Judith and with her had the Marquisate of Baden but of what Family this Judith was cannot be certainly affirmed It suffices that Henry Auceps or the Falconer brought it to be a Marquisate and that the aforesaid Herman was the first of his Family that was Marquiss of Baden and died 1130. His Son and Successor was Herman II. who died 1660. and left Herman III. whom the Emperour Frederick I. made Marquiss of Verona and was the Father of Herman IV. and Henry the Enlarger of the Line of Hochbergen which went out in Philip Marquiss and Earl of Hochbergen Sept. 7. 1503. This Herman IV. the Common Father of the Marquisses of Baden had to Wife Irmengard or as others Gerdruth Daughter of Henry of Brunswick Count Palatine of the Rhine by whom he had 1. Herman V. who in Right of his Wife Gerdruth Daughter of Henry of Austria became Heir of Austria and Stiria He left a Son and Heir Frederick from whom yet Ottocar King of Bohemia unjustly wrested Austria on which he got off with Conradine Duke of Suabia into Sicily where he lost his Head 1269. 2. Rodolphus who by reason of his Tallness was surnam'd The Great He died Nov. 19. 1288. § II. Herman VI. eldest Son of this Rodolph was Father of Frederick II. who died June 22. 1333. and of Rodolph V. the Preserver of his Family His Son was Frederick III. Father of Rodolph VI. also surnam'd The Great who died 1372. and left his Son and Successor Bernhard I. Father of James I. a prudent Prince and a Lover of Justice He died Octob. 12. 1453. and had by Catharine Daughter of Charles Duke of Lorrain 1. Margaret married to Albert Elector of Brandenburg 1446. died 1457. 2. Bernhard who died an Infant 1431. 3. Bernhard III. who was profess'd and died 1459. 4. John born Feb. 9. 1459. He became Archbishop of Triers and died Feb. 9. 1503. 5. Charles surnamed The Stout of whom a little after 6. George Bishop of Metz died 1484. 7. Mark a Canon of Strasburg died 1478. Of these Charles was the Successor of
his Father He had War with Frederick the Palatine but unsuccessfully for he was taken Prisoner and came off on very hard Terms He died 1475. and by Catharine Daughter of Ernestus of Austria besides three Daughters left three Sons 1. Christopher I. born Novemb. 13. 1453. of whom in the next Section 2. Albert I. born 1456. kill'd with a Great-shot at the Siege of The Dam in Flanders July 23. 1486. 3. Frederick born July 8. 1458. He was Bishop of Utrecht and died Septemb. 24. 1517. § III. This Christopher I. was a wise and fortunate Prince and died April 19. 1527. His Wife was Ottilia Daughter of Philip Earl of Catzenelbogen in Germany by whom he had 1. James II. born June 6. 1471. elected Archbishop of Triers 1505. died unfortunately at Cologne upon the Rhine 1511. 2. Mary Abbess of Lichtenthal died 1519. 3. Bernhand IV. born 1474. of whom in the next Section of the Line of Baden of Baden 4. Charles II. born May 21. but uncertain whether in 1475. or 1476. He was Canon of Triers and Strasburg died 1510. 5. Christopher II. born July 21. 1477. Canon of Strasburg and died March 29. 1508. 6. Philip I. born 1478. His Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of Philip the Palatine by whom he had one only Daughter that surviv'd him viz. Maria Jacobea born 1507. married to William IV. Duke of Bavaria died Nov. 15. 1580. 7. Ottilia born 1480. was Abbess of Pfortzheimen 8. Rodolphus XII Canon of Cologne and Strasburg died Sept. 21 1533. 9. Ernestus born Octob. 7. 1482. the Founder and Enlarger of the now Line of Durlach in Germany of whom in the Line of Durlach 10. Wolfgangus born 1484 died 1522. 11. Sybilla born 1485. married to Philip III. Earl of Hanouer 1503. died 1527. 12. Rosina born March 5. 1487. married to Wolfgangus Count Hohen-Zollern and after his death to John of Aven died 1554. 13. John born and died 1554. 14. Beatrice born June 22. 1492. married to John III. Palatine of Simeren died April 15. 1535. 15. George born 1493. died 1494. Of the Line of Baden of Baden § IV. ANd here we go back to the before-mentioned Bernhard IV. the Father of the now Line of Baden of Baden He took up the Doctrine of Luther planted it throughout his Dominions and died June 29. 1566. His Wife was Frances of Lutzelberg by whom he had 1. Philibert born Jan. 22. 1536. slain in Battel at Momonturne Octob. 3. 1565. and left his Son and Successor Philip II. born Feb. 19. 1559. but died without Issue June 17. 1588. 2. Christopher III. he dwelt in the Castle of Rodemachem and died 1575. His Wife was Caecilia Daughter of Gustavus King of Sweden who brought him 1. Edward surnamed The Fortunate born Septemb. 16. 1565. of whom hereafter 2. Gustavus Christopherus born Aug. 13. 1566. died 1609. 3. Philip III. born 1567. died 1620. 4. Charles IV. born March 7. 1569. died in the City of Genoua 1590. 5 Bernhard born 1570. died 1571. 6. John Charles born 1572. a Knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem before that time transferr'd to Malta died in the Low-Country Wars 1599. Of these Edward the Fortunate born in England his Cousin-Germain Philip the Second being dead came to the Government He embrac'd the Catholick Religion and being press'd with Debt went into the Low-Countries where he serv'd under Albert Arch-Duke of Austria He was married at Bruxels to Mary the Daughter of Jodochus of Eicken free Baron of Riviere and was Slain at his Secretaries Wedding June 18. 1600. and left Three Sons 1. William born 1593. of whom in the next Section 2. Albert Charles kill'd with a Shot 1626. 3. Herman surnamed The Fortunate born 1596. He liv'd in the Castle of Rademachem where also he dy'd 1664. nor left he any Posterity behind him § V. We go back therefore to William the First Eldest Son of Edward the Fortunate who had much to do e're he obtain'd the Marquisate for Ernestus Frederick of the House of Durlach a next Kinsman by the Father's side would not acknowledge the said William and his Brothers as Legitimate for that they were born of the aforesaid Mary of Eicken and therefore having gotten first Possession of the Marquisate so held it till the Emperor Ferdinand the Second declar'd in favour of the Children of the said Edward and gave Sentence that they should be restor'd to the Estate of their Ancestors On which William was made Prince Regent 1622. And in 1640. the Emperor 's chief Delegate in the Diet of Ratisbonne after that President of the Imperial Chamber at Spires and dy'd May 22. 1677. in the Eighty Fourth Year of his Age. His first Wife wâ—â— Catharine Ursula of the House of Zolleraâ—â—â—â— after whose death he married Mary Magdâ—â—â—s of the House of Oetingen and had by both of them Nineteen Children of whom Ten dy'd Young The rest were 1. Ferdinand Maximilian born Sepember 23. 1625. a singular Prince but kill'd by the bursting of a Gun as he was Hunting October 8. 1669. He married Louisa Christiana of Savoy Daughter of Thomas Prince of Carignan 1653. now a Widow and had by her one only Son Lewis William born Apr. 8. 1655. the now Marquess of Baden who after the death of his Father was brought up by his Grand-father whose Successor also he was till being disturb'd by the French and despoil'd of most of his Territories he betook himself to the Emperor by whom he was honourably receiv'd and after several great Actions by him perform'd made Mareschal de Camp against the Turks A Prince to be reckon'd among the chief of his Time 2. Leopold William born Sept. 16. 1626. He was Captain of the Emperor's Yeomen of the Guard and in the Turkish War headed a select part of the Army and having given several proofs of his Valour dy'd 1671. leaving one Son Leopold William the Second born Jan. 20. 1667. He has an Imperfection in his Speech and now lives in the Castle of Laboschitz in Bohemia 3 Philip Sigismund born Aug. 15. 1627. he was a Knight of Malta and Slain in the Battel of Orbitel 1647. 4. William Christopher born Oct. 11. 1628. a Canon of Cologne and Strasburg and and dy'd unfortunately 1652. 5. Herman his Twin-Brother who after many extraordinary Actions by him perform'd is now the Emperor 's Delegate in the Diet at Ratisbonne 6. Bernhard the Sixth born 1629. dy'd at Rome 1649. 7. Catharina Francisca born 1631. a Nun in the Cloyster of Besanson in Burgundy 8. Maria Anna Wilhelmina born 1655. married to Ferdinand Augustus of Lobkowitz Duke of Sagan 1680. 9. Carolus Bervhardus born Jan. 14. 1667. He serv'd the Emperor in the last War against France and was Slain at the Battel of Reinfelden July 5. 1678. but his Body not found Of the Line of Durlach § VI. THe Founder of this Line was Eâ—â—estus of whom before in the third Section Numb 9. among the Sons of Christopher the First He had the Lower Marquisate with
Third the Family of the Ancient Marquesses of Brandenburg descended from the Counts of Staden and Ringelheim began to wear out Albert Ursus Marquess of Soltquel Ballenstedt and Wolpe was made Marquess of Brandenburg 1142. and dy'd Nov. 18. 1169. He had Two Wives first Sophia Daughter of Otto Earl of Reneck Secondly Helica Daughter of Conrade surnamed The Pious Marquess of Misnia He had by his first Wife 1. Otto Marquess and Elector of Brandenburg whose Posterity went out in Woldemar II. 1322. 2. Bernhard who upon the Proscription of Henry Leon had the Dutchy by the Gift of Frederick Barbarossa and dy'd 1212. leaving 1. Albert the First Duke and Elector of Saxony who dy'd 1260. and left 1. Albert the Second Duke and Elector of Saxony whose Posterity fail'd in Albert the Sixth 1422. 2. John the First who was the Founder of a new Line to wit Lawenburg in whose Male Issue it lasted till the Year 1688. at what time Julius Franciscus born 1640. the last of that Line dy'd leaving only Two Daughters 1. Anna Maria Francisca born June 13. 1672. 2. Francisca Sibilla Augusta born June 21. 1675. 2. Henry the Elder who by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa was made the first Prince of Anhalt § II. This Henry therefore we reckon the common Father of the now Family of Anhalt He dy'd 1257. and from whom we may go in a right Line to Joachim Ernestus born 1536. His Father was John the Fourth his Mother Margaret Daughter of Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburg Widow of George Duke of Pomeran and after the death of his Brothers sole Governour of the Provinces of Anhalt His Residence was in the Castle of Dessaw in Germany and dy'd Dec. 6. 1586. having had to Wife Agnes Daughter of Wolfgang Earl of Barbye who dy'd 1569. and after her Eleanora Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wirtenburg and by both of them had Sixteen Children 1. Anna Maria born 1562. married to Joachim Frederick Duke of Lignitz dy'd 1604. 2. Agnes born 1562. dy'd 1564. 3. Elizabeth born 1563. married to John George Elector of Brandenburg 1577. dy'd 1607. 4. Sibilla born Sept. 28. 1564. married to Frederick Duke of Wirtenburg 1581. dy'd 1614. 5. John George the First born March 9. 1567. of whom in the following Line of Dessaw 6. Christian the First born 1568. of whom Section 4. in the Line of Bernburg 7. Bernhard the Eighth born 1570. or as others Sept. 25. 1572. Slain as it s said in a Battle at Erlaw in Hungary Sept. 25. 1596. 8. Agnesa Hedewig born March 12. 1573. married to Augustus Elector of Saxony 1586. who dying 1588. she married John Duke of Holstein of the Line of Sunderburg and dy'd Nov. 3. 1616. 9. Dorothea Maria born July 2. 1574. married to John the Second Duke of Saxon-Vinar 1593. dy'd July 18. 1617. 10. Augustus born July 14. 1575. of whom more in the fifth Section 11. Rodolphus the Fifth born Oct. 28. 1576. the Founder of the Servestan Line of whom Section 6. 12. John Ernestus born May 1. 1578. He gave several Instances of his Courage but more especially in the taking Alba Regalis in Hungary by Storm 1601. dy'd Dec. 12. 1602. 13. Lodovick the First born June 17. 1579. He was the beginner of the Line of Coctan now extinct and dwelt in the Castle and City of Coctan where he was the Founder of that fruitful Society of Jruchtbringenden Geselschafft dy'd Jan. 7. 1650. His first Wife was Amaena Amalia of the House of Benthem in Westphalia who dying 1625. he married Sophia of the House of Lippien the Year following who dy'd 1650. by both which he had 1. Lodovick the First born 1607. dy'd 1624. 2. Louisa Amalia born 1609. dy'd 1625. 3. Louisa born 1634. dy'd 1635. 4. Wilhelmus Lodovicus born Aug. 3. 1638. who succeeded his Father and took to Wife Elizabetha Charlotta a Niece of the House of Hatzgerod 1663. but dy'd without Issue Apr. 13. 1665. 14. Sabina born 1580. dy'd unmarried 15. Joachim Christopher born 1582. dy'd 1583. 16. Anna Sophia born 1584. she was the Wife of Gunther Albertus of Swartzburg dy'd 1657. Of the Line of Dessaw § III. MAtter 's thus brought together we go back to John George the First Eldest Son of Joachim Ernestus the Founder of this Line who in the division of the Estate had to his share Gesnitz Schandersleben Worbtzig and Radegast He profest the Reform'd Religion and dy'd May 13. 1618. His first Wise was Dorothy the Daugher of Albert Count Mansfeldt who dy'd 1594. His second Dorothy Daughter of John Casimier Palatinate of Simmeren in the Lower Palatinate who was married to him 1595. and dy'd 1618. He had by his first Wife Five Children and by his latter Eleven as they here follow 1. Sophia Elizabetha born Feb. 10. 1589. married to George Rodolphus Duke of Lignitz dy'd 1622. 2. Agnes Magdalena born March 29. 1590. married to Otto Landtgrave of Hesse 1617. dy'd 1626. 3. Anna Maria born 1591. dy'd unmarried 1637. 4. Joachim Ernestus the Second born July 16. 1592. dy'd May 28. 1615. 5. Christianus born 1593. dy'd 1594. 6. John Cassmier of whom a little after 7. Anna Elizabetha born 1599. married to William Earl of Bentheim 8. Frederick Mauritius born 1600. dy'd 1610. 9. Eleanora Dorothea born Feb. 6. 1602. married to William the Second Duke of Saxon-Wimar 1625. dy'd 1664. 10. Sibilla Christiana born Jan. 10. 1603. first married to Philip Mauritius and after his death to Frederick Casimier Earl of Hanouer 11. Georgius Albertus born June 3. 1606. dy'd Nov. 14 1643. leaving by Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Krosegg 1. Christianus Albertus Count Beringen Lord in Waldersee and Radegast dy'd 1677. 2. Sophia now living with her Mother in the Castle of Radegast 3. Eleanora married to John George of Solms dy'd 1677. 12. Cunigunda Juliana born 1608. married to Herman Landtgrave of Hesse-Cassel dy'd 1656. 13. Henricus Woldemarus born and dy'd 1609. 14. Susanna Margareta born 1610. Wife to John Philip of Hanouer dy'd 1663. 15. Johanna Dorothea born 1612. married to Mauritius of Bentheim 16. Eva Catharina born 1613. dy'd unmarried Dec. 15. 1679. Of these the before-mentioned John Casimier succeeded his Father and dy'd Sept. 15. 1660. His first Wife was Agnes the Daughter of Mauritius of Hesse married to him 1623. who dying May 28. 1650. His second was Sophia Margareta a First Cousin of the House of Bernburg who dy'd Dec. 28. 1673. He had by his first Wife besides Louisa born 1631. married 1648. and dying April 25. 1680. John George the Second born Nov. 7. 1627. who after the death of his Father took upon him the Government and now supplies the place of Deputy to the Elector of Brandenburg He married Henrica Catharina Daughter of Henry Frederick Prince of Orange by Amalia of Solms 1658. and had by her 1. Emilia Louisa born 1660. dy'd an Infant 2. Henrica Amalia born 1662. dy'd an Infant 3. Frederick Casimier born 1663. dy'd 1665. 4. Elizabetha Albertina
born 1665. made Abbess of Hervorden in Westphalia 1680. 5. Amalia born 1666. married to Henry Casimier Prince of Nassau Hereditary Governour of West-Friesland 1684. 6. Louisa Sophia born 1667. dy'd 1668. 7. Maria Eleanora born 1671. married to George Prince of Ratzevil in Lithuania now a Widow 8. Henrica Agnes born Jan. 9. 1674. married to Henry Duke of Saxony 1689. 9. Leopoldus Hereditary Prince born July 3. 1676. 10. Johanna Charlotta born Apr. 6. 1682. Of the Line of Bernburg § IV. CHristian second Son of Joachim Ernestus was the Beginner of this Line To his share in the Division of the Estate fell the Lordship of Bernburg the County of Ballenstedt the Presidency of Hatzgerod with the Covent of Gernrod a Prince either for Field or Counsel He died April 20. 1630. and left fourteen Children by Anne Countess of Bentheim of which four died young and Sybilla Elizabetha Agnesa Magdalena Amalia Sophia Louisa Amalia Dorothea Bathild died unmarried The rest were 1. Christianus II. of whom by and by 2. Eleanora Maria born Aug. 7. 1600. married to Albertus II. Prince of Meckleburg and Gustrow in Germany died 1657. 3. Ernestus II. born May 19. 1608. slain at the Battel of Lutzen 1632. 4. Frederick born Novemb. 16. 1613. The Branch of Hatzgerod sprang from him He died June 30. 1670. His first Wife was Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Nassau who died March 2. 1647. his second Maria Elizabetha of the House of Lippa By the first of which he had 1. William II. born Aug. 18. 1643. he succeeded his Father in Hatzgerod and married Julia Elizabetha Albertina Countess of Selms of the Line of Laubach with whom he lives as yet Childless 2. Anna Ursula born 1645. died 1647. 3. Elizabetha Charlotta born Feb. 11. 1647. married 1663. to William Lodovick a Cadet of the Line of Coten and after his death to Augustus II. Duke of Hâ—ls Plonen 5. Sophia Margareta born Sept. 16. 1615. married to John Casimier a Cadet of the House of Dessaw died Decemb. 28. 1673. Of these Christian II. succeeded his Father and made his Residence at Bernburg where he died 1565. He married Eleanora Sophia Daughter of John Duke of Holsat Sundurburg 1625. by whom he had a great many Children of whom yet the here named only came to maturity viz. 1. Victor Amadaeus born Octob. 6. 1634. He succeeded his Father and married Elizabetha Daughter of Frederick Palatine of Bipont who died April 17. 1677. having brought him Five Children 1. Carolus Frederick born July 13. 1668. 2. Lebrecht born June 28. 1669. 3. Sophta Juliana born Octob. 26. 1672. died Aug. 21. 1674. 4. Johannes Georgius born Feb. 14. 1674. 5. Christianus born and died 1675. 2. Eleanora Hedewig born Octob. 28. 1635. not yet married 3. Angelica born June 6. 1639. unmarried 4. Anna Sophia born Septemb. 13. 1640. married to George Frederick Count Solms 1664. 5. Carolus Ursinus born 1643. died at Parma in Italy Jan. 4. 1660. 6. Anna Elizabetha born March 19. 1647. married to Christian Ulrick Duke of Wittenberg of the Line of Silesia 1672. died Sept. 3. 1680. Of the Line of Plotzkow now Caethane § V. AUgustus third Son of Joachim Ernestus had his Seat in the Castle of Pletzkow a Prince worthy of all Praise dying spent with Years Aug. 22. 1653. and 78th of his Age. He married Sybilla Countess of Solms 1618. who died a Widow March 23. 1659. by whom he had Eight Children 1. Johanna born Nov 24. 1618. a Deaconess of Quidlenburg in Saxony 2 Ernestus Gottlieb born Sept. 4. 1620. died 1654. 3. Lebrecht born April 5. 1622. He reviv'd the extinct Line of Caethane died Issueless Sept 7. 1669. 4. Dorothea born 1623. died 1637. 5. Ehernpreisz born 1625. died 1626. 6. Sophia born 1627. died Nov. 24. 1679. 7. Elizabeth born March 31. 1630. 8. Emanuel born Oct. 26. 1631. He return'd from the Defence of Candia succeeded his Brother and married Anna Eleanora Countess of Stolburg March 23. 1670. but died the same Year leaving his Wife with Child of Emanuel Lebrecht born May 20. 1671. the only surviving Branch of the Line of Caethane Of the Line of Servestan § VI. THe first of this Line was Rodolphus V. fourth Son of Joachim Ernestus who in the Division with the City of Servestan had the Lordships of Lindaw Coswigt and Roslaw He died 1622. His Wives were 1. Dorothea Hedewig Daughter of Herry Julius Duke of Brunswick who died 1608. 2. Magdalena Daughter of John Count Oldenburg who died 1657. By both which he had 1. Dorothea born Sept. 25. 1607. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick Octob. 26. 1623. died Sept. 26. 1634. 2. Eleanora born 1608. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein of the Line of Nordburg 1632. died 1681. 3. Elizabeth born 1617. died 1639. 4. John V. born March 24. 1621. As also two other Daughters whose Names are unknown Of these John succeeded his Father He was brought up by his Uncle Anthony Gunther Earl of Oldenburg and died July 4. 1667. His Wife was Sophia Augusta Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick in Denmark whom he married 1649. She died a Widow 1681. and brought him Fourteen Children 1. John Frederick born 1650. died 1651. 2. George Rodolphus born 1651. died 1652. 3. Charles William born Octob. 26. 1652. He succeeded his Father and is the now Prince of this Line He married Sophia Daughter of Augustus formerly President of Magdeburg June 18. 1676. by whom he had 1. John Augustus born July 20. 1677. 2. Charles Frederick born July 8. 1678. 3. Magdalen Augusta born Oct. 20. 1679. 4. Anthony Gunther born Nov. 11. 1653. 5. John Adolphus born Dec. 2. 1654. 6. John Lodowick born May 4. 1656. 7. Joachim Ernestus born 1657. died 1658. 8. magdalena Sybilla born 1658. died 1659. 9. Frederica born and died 1660. 10. Hedewig Maria Eleanora born and died 1662. 11. Sophia Augusta born March 9. 1663. 12. Albertus born and died 1665. 13. Augustus born 1666. died 1667. 14. A Daughter without Name 1668. Of the Augmentations of This Family § VII WE have already noted how Albertus Ursus was in the Year 1152. made Marquess of Brandenburg In 1180. Bernhard obtained the Dutchy of Saxony with the Electoral Dignity In 1630. Julius Henricus of Saxon Lawenburg got the Principality of Slackwerd in Bohemia in right of his Wife And about the Year 1650. John of Servestan had the Soveraignty of Jervan by the Bequest of Anthony Gunther Count Oldenburg Of its Decreasings § VIII IN 1315. the County of Ascania with the City of Aschersleben came to the Bishop of Halberstadt In 1322. the Country and Electorate of Brandenburg fell from this Family In 1418. it lost the Upper Saxony with that Electorship In 1640. William Duke of Brunswick in Lunenburg surnamed The Victorious took from it the County of Wolpe which yet remains in the Family In the next French War the King of France outed the Line of Servestan of the Soveraignty of Jervan and gave it up
June 27. 1675. 2. Ernestina Eleanora 3. Clara Chiliana 4. Albertina Gabrielis 2. Ernestina married to Maurice Henry of the Line of Hademar She died Aug. 15. 1668. 3. Clara Maria first married to Henry Ernestus Prince of Lignitz and after that to Claudius Lamorald his Brother now a Widow Of the Line of Dillenburg § V. GEorge as we have already said Sect. III. was the Founder of this Family His first Wife was Anna Amalia a Neice of the House of Sarsbruck who brought him many Children of whom though only Lewis Henricus propagated the Line His Wives were three 1. Catharine Countess of Sainsem 2. Elizabeth the Rhinegrave 3. Sophia Magdalena a Coulin-German of the Line of Hademar By the first and second he had a numerous Progeny and of the third we shall only now reckon George Lewis Adolphus and Augustus who though young perform'd Actions beyond his Years and died Jan. 7. 1681. George Lewis married Anna Augusta Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick and died May 19. 1656. of whom there are now living 1. Henry born Aug. 28. 1641. who married Dorothy Elizabeth Daughter of George Duke of Lignitz in Silesia and saw living from her 1. Sophia Augusta born April 18. 1666. 2. George Lewis born June 21. 1667. 3. Albertina born Aug. 8. 1668. 4. William born Aug. 28. 1670. 5. Adolphus born March 7. 1673. 6. Frederica Amalia born in Decemb. 1674. 2. Sophia Eleanora born May 2. 1640. unmarried 3. Charlotta born 1643. married 1665. to Augustus Earl of Lignitz and he dying in 1680. to Ferdinand Gobert Earl of Aspremont There remains Adolphus Uncle to Henry who was seated in Schaumburg where by Elizabeth Charlotta Daughter of Peter Earl of Holtzapfel he had Three Daughters 1. Ernestina Charlotta born 1662. married to William Maurice a Kinsman of the House of Siegen 2. Johanna Elizabetha born 1663. 3. Charlotta born 1672. Of the Line of Diezen § VI. THe first of this Line was Ernestus Casimier who succeeded his Brother William Lodowick in the Government of Friesland and Greeningen He was Major-General to the Consederate States of the Vnited Provinces and slain by a Shot at Ruremond in Guelderland June 5. 1632. His Wife was Sophia Hedewig of Brunswick who died 1642. by whom he had 1. Henry Casimier Governour of Friesland and Groeningen who was slain at the Sconce of Nassau in Flanders June 6. 1640. 2. William Frederick who succeeded his Brother in his Commands but unfortunately slain Oct. 13. 1664. for blowing into a Pistol to try if it were charg'd it went off and so wounded him that he died in three Days His Widow Henrica Aemilia of the House of Orange is yet living who brought him 1. Henry Casimier born Jan. 1657. He succeeded his Father in his Hereditary Dignities and married Henrica Amalia Daughter of John George II. Prince of Anhalt 2. Sophia Wilhelmina born 1664. and is yet unmarried Of the Line of Hademar § VII THis Line began in John Lodovick who went off to the Church of Rome and was by the Emperour Ferdinand II. made Chamberlain of the Empire Ferdinand III. made him of his Privy-Council and sent him Ambassadour to the Treaty of Westphalia He was the first of these Four Lines on whom the Honour of having a Vote and Sear among the Princes was conferr'd and died March 6. 1653. His Wife was Vrsula Countess of Lippen by whom he had Twelve Children seven of which were but short-liv'd The rest were 1. Johanna Elizabetha born 1619. married to Frederick Prince of Anhalt of the House of Hatzgerod died 1647. 2. Sophia Magdalena born Feb. 6. 1622. married to Lewis Henry a Cousin-German of the Line of Dillenburg died Feb. 6. 1659. 3. Maurice Henry born 1626. the Successor of his Father He married Ernestina Daughter of John the Younger a Kinsman of the Line of Siegen 1650. and after her death in 1668. Maria Leopoldina Daughter of John Francis Desideratus of the same Line who also dying he married Anna Lodovica Countess of Manderscheid and died Jan. 24 1679. leaving by the said Countess a large Progeny of whom yet these are only living 1. Francis Alexander born Jan 27. 1674. and bred under the Tuition of his Mother-in-Law and his Uncle 2. Albertina Johannetta born May 9. 1681. 4. Herman Otto born 1627. He was Bishop of Cologne c. and died July 26. 1660. 5. Francis Bernhard born Sept. 21 1637. Dean of the Chapter of Cologne as also of Strasburg CHAP. XVII Of the Family of Lorrain § I. WE have hitherto shewn besides the Regal the Principal Families of the Princes of Germany and come now to those of other Countries where in the first place the Family of Lorrain comes in our way which that it had the same Original with those of Austria Wirtenburg and Baden Antiquity gives us not the least reason to doubt For Gerhard descended of the ancient Landtgraves of Alsatia the old Family of Lorrain descended from Charlemaigne being extinct was created Duke of Lorrain by the Emperor Henry the Third An. 1048. His Wife was Hadwid of Namur by whom himself dying 1070. he left Two Sons Theodorick and Gerhard who was created Earl of Valdemont but his Posterity went out in Henry the Fourth Earl and his Niece Margaret who was married to Frederick of Lorrain of whom we shall soon speak again But Theodorick succeeded his Father in the Dutchy from whom in a right Line are descended the Dukes of Lorrain to Charles the First surnamed The Bold who dy'd 1430. and left no Son His Brother Frederick before mentioned married Margaret Countess and Heir of Joinville and Valdemont and brought back this County into his Family He was Slain at the Battle of Agincourt Oct. 25. 1415. His Son was Anthony Earl of Valdemont who had sharp Contests about the Succession to his Uncle with Renatus Andine King of Naples who had married Isabel the Daughter of Charles the Bold which came to Blows Andine was beaten and taken Prisoner 1431. and at last matters were so made up That Andine should give up his Right and his Daughter Jolantha in Marriage to Frederick the Son of Anthony by which means the said Frederick came at length to be the Successor of Charles the Bold He dy'd 1470. § II. The Son of Frederick was Renatus to whom no Duke of Lorrain was ever equal for Power and largeness of Territory He had hot Wars with Charles surnamed The Stout Duke of Burgundy Made his last Will 1506. by which he made his Sons Anthony and Claudius his Heirs as having design'd his other Sons to the Church and dy'd Dec. 8. 1508. By this disposition Claudius had the County of Aumale the Baronies of Guise and Joinville the Lordships of Elbeuf Maine c. but his Posterity fail'd in Francis Joseph the only Son of Lewis Joseph Duke of Guise Joyeuse and Augoulesine who dy'd 1675. There yet remain'd Mary the Sister of Lewis the Grandfather Dutchess of Guise and Joyeuse Princess of Joinville but she
her Uncle Maurice Prince of Oneglia 2. Franciscus Hyacinthus Duke of Savoy born 1632. deceased 1638. 3. Charles Emanuel of whom below 4. Margaret Joland born 1635. married to Rainulius Duke of Parma April 29. 1660. deceased 1663. 5 Adelais Henrica or as others Henrietta Adelheid born Nov. 6. 1636. married to Ferdinand Maria Elector of Bavaria 1652. deceased March 18. 1676. 6. Catharina Beatrix her Twin-Sister deceased 1637. Charles Emanuel who succeeded his Father was born June 20. 1634. He perform'd all his Exercises very finely on Horseback for the improvement of which Art he caused an Academy to be opened at Turin and was so absolutely perfect in all other Endowments both of Mind and Body that his untimely death which hapned June 12. 1675. is never enough to be lamented In 1663. he took to Wise Frances Magdalen Daughter to John Baptist Gaston Duke of Orleans but she died May 11. 1665. After which he married Mary Joan Baptist of Savoy Daughter to Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours whom he left as she still remains a Widow By the last he had Victor Amadeus Francis the present Duke of Savoy born May 17. 1666. On April 9. 1684. he married Anne Mary Daughter to Philip Duke of Orleans by whom as far as I can learn he has hitherto had only 1. Mary Adelheid born Dec. 6. 1685. And 2. Another Daughter born Aug. 30. N.S. 1688. whose Name as yet I know not § VI. It still remains we say somewhat of Thomas Francis youngest Son to Charles Emanuel I. Duke of Savoy mentioned already by us in Sect. IV. Numb 9. who spent his Life for the most part in the Wars Jan. 22. 1624. he married Mary of Bourbon Daughter to Charles Count de Soissons who bare him 1. Charlotte Christina not long-liv'd 2. Aloisia Christina born Aug. 1. 1627. and married to Ferdinand Maximilian Marquiss of Baden 1693. 3. Emanuel Philibert Amadeus of Savoy Prince de Carignan born Aug. 20. 1628. He was both deaf and dumb and so wholly unfit for Business of State nevertheless he was married in 1684. to Mary Catharine of Este Prince Borsus his Daughter 4. Joseph Emanuel John born June 24. 1631. deceased Jan. 12. 1656. 5. Eugenius Maurice of Savoy Count de Soissons born May 3. 1635. of whom beneath 6. Amadeus and both which died in their youth 7. Ferdinand both which died in their youth As for Eugenius Maurice he departed this Life June 7. 1673. On Feb. 20. 1657. he married Olympia Daughter of Michael Laurence of by Cardinal Mazarine's Sister whom he left a Widow and by her a numerous Issue viz. 1. Lewis Thomas Count de Soissons born Decemb 15. 1657. His Princess's Name is Urania de la Cropte Daughter to the Noble Baron de Beauvais whom he married Decemb 17. 1682. 2. Philip born 1659. 3. Lewis Julius born May 2. 1660. and slain in the Turkish Wars July 13. 1683. 4. Emanuel born 1663. deceased 1676. 5. Francis Eugenius born 1665. 6. Frances deceased Feb. 24. 1671. 7. Mary Joan Baptista born Jan. 1. 1665. 8. Aloisia Philiberta born Nov. 22. 1667. CHAP. XX. Of the House of Mantua § I. WE now come to the Family of the Dukes of Mantua and shall derive the same from one Hugo who married one of the Gonzaga's a Family of a Noble Extraction in Lombardy which was the reason that his Son Gerhard who was invested in Mantua by his Cousin Adelbert in 1009. as an immediate Feudatory of the Empire took on him the Name of Gonzaga Hugo his Father died in the Year 946. and is said to be the Son of another Hugo who was Earl of Provence and King of Italy and Son to King Lotharius III. Grandson to K. Lotharius II. and great Grandson to Lotharius the Emperour Aloisius or Lewis Gonzaga was the Eleventh in descent from Gerhard and created Captain of Mantua by the Emperour Charles IV. in the Year 1329. His Son and Successor was Guido who begat Lewis which Lewis was succeeded by his Son Francis all of 'em Captains of Mantua Francis's Son and Successor was John Francis created the first Marquiss of Mantua by the Emperour Sigismund Sept. 22. 1433. His eldest Son and Successor was Frederick I. who begat Francis II. Francis II. begat Frederick II. who was created the First Duke of Mantua by Charles V. April 8. 1530. and left three Sons 1. Francis who died without Issue 2. William who succeeded his Brother Francis And 3. Lewis of whom in the next William's Son and Successor was Vincent Duke of Mantua whose Issue was as followeth 1. Margaret Gonzaga married to Henry Duke of Lorrain 2. Eleanor married in 1622. to the Emperour Ferdinand II. deceased June 27. 1655. 3. Francis II. who left only a Daughter 4. Cardinal Ferdinand And 5. Vincent in whom the Ducal Line in Italy failed Anno 1627. § II. Return we therefore to Lewis III. Son to Frederick above-mentioned who married the Lady Henrica Heiress to the Dutchy of Nevers in France which was possess'd by his Posterity 'till the Year 1659. at what time they sold it to Cardinal Mazarine His Son was Charles Gonzaga Duke of Nevers who became Duke upon the death of his Cousin Vincent and Heired all his Estates He departed this Life in the Year 1637. having begot Charles II. who contrary to the Course of Nature died before his Father 1631. Nevertheless he was first married and left Issue as follows 1. Eleanor born May 18. 1629. married to the Emperour Ferdinand III. 1651. deceased 1â—86 2. Charles III. the present Duke who married Isabella Clara Daughter to Leopold V. Arch-Duke of Austria but has no Issue by her CHAP. XXI Of the Family of the Dukes of Parma and Placentia § 1. THe Dukes of Parma owe their Original to the ancient Line of the Farnese's in Italy from whence Pope Paul III. otherwise Alexander de Farnese was descended who in 1545. created his Natural Son Peter Aloisius de Farnese Duke of Parma and Placentia Nevertheless by reason of his vicious Disposition and intolerable Cruelty he so far incensed both the Nobility and Commonalty that they conspired against him and slew him His Son Octavius married Margaret Natural Daughter to Charles V. Alexander de Medices Great Duke of Tuscany's Widow and of this Match Alexander de Farnese Prince of Parma was born a Prince worthy the noblest Character and hardly to be equall'd by the greatest Men of that Age. He married Mary of Portugal by whom he had Rainulius I. Duke of Parma and Placentia and Odoardus I. who became a Cardinal The first of these begat 1. Alexander the Dumb who by reason of that Imperfection was unfit to Govern And 2. Odoardus II. who succeeded his Father and died 1646. § II. This Odoardus II. had four Children that survived him the eldest of which was Ratnulius II. the present Duke of Parma and Placentia who on Apr. 29. 1660. married Margaret Joland Daughter to Victor Amadeus Duke of Savoy but she died in 1663. After
Fifty eighth Year of his Age and of his Reign of England the Twenty second and of Scotland the Fifty sixth He had but one Wife viz. Queen Anne of whom before and by her 1. Henry Friderick Stuart Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal and Rothsey and Earl of Chester born in Scotland Feb. 19. 1593. died Nov. 6. 1612. 2. Robert Stuart born and died very young in Scotland 3. Elizabeth Stuart Queen of Bohemia and Princess Palatine of the Rhine born Aug. 19. 1596. in Scotland died Feb. 13. 1661. 4. Margaret Stuart born in Scotland Decemb 24. 1598. died young 5. Charles Stuart Duke of York and Albany born Novemb. 19. 1600. succeeded his Father 6. Mary Stuart born in England March-1605 died two Years after And 7. Sophia Stuart born in England June 21. 1606. died two days after XXV To his Father his elder Brother being dead succeeded Charles the First of that Name about the Age of Twenty five Years and was proclaim'd King the same Day his Father died The Solemnity of whose Funerals being over the first thing he did was to hasten the coming over of the Queen to whom he was married by Proxy at Paris May 1. and consummated at Canterbury June 13. following Of this Prince it may be truly said He was a Man of Sorrows And yet if there be any thing in History to be named before him it is not that He was less able but their Times better Therefore for the truer understanding of both it is the least Justice we can do His MEMORY to consider under what ill Circumstances He came to the Crown There had follow'd his Father out of Scotland Two Sorts of People the One purely for the Loaves the Other to double the Interest of that Doctrine that had forc'd his Mother out of Her Kingdom who kept himself so long in Pupillage and to which England was not so altogether a Stranger but that they found the Lump leven'd to their hand Some like them calling also themselves the Lord's Ambassadours and pretending a Right from God to Govern every one his Parish and their Assembly the whole Nation Others and those different in Opinions among themselves that would have all Congregations free and independent upon one another Others That held Christ's Personal Reign was at this time to begin upon Earth and therefore would have no other King but King Jesus Besides several others from the first Litter yet every of them desending its Sect by Scripture according to the narrow scantling of their own Interpretations These again meeting with a Purse-proud City a poor Crown and a Gentry that no less affected a Popular Government in the State than themselves did in the Church Both cry up Liberty and inveigh against Tyranny that is whatever they were not themselves And so what wonder of those Consequents that embroil'd the King's Reign The ill Effects of which too many have seen and may perhaps be felt the next Century However the King having summon'd his Parliament to meet at Westminster June 18. aforesaid he told them That at their earnest Entreaty in March 1623. his Father had taken Arms for the recovery of the Palatinate which with the Crown was now devolv'd upon Himself That the Supplies already given held no proportion with the Charge of the Enterprize That the Eyes of all Europe were upon him and a Failure in this his first Attempt would be a Blemish to his futare Honour And therefore desired them if not for His for their Own Reputation to deliver him fairly out of that War wherewith themselves had incumbred him by an expeditious Supply On which the Commons gave Two Subsidies and the Clergy Three and the Parliament by reason of the Plague was adjourn'd to Oxford to be held there Aug. 1. following where the King briefly acquaints them with his Wants in order to the design 's Expedition They on the other hand petition against Popish Recusants and receive from him a satisfactory Answer but instead of a Supply debate a Remonstrance of Grievances to be first redress'd before a Supply given So that not agreeing who should be first trusted the King or Themselves the Parliament was dissolv'd and another summon'd to meet at Westminster the next 6th of February The Candlemas Day before which the King was solemnly Crown'd But here also the King met no better success than he had in his first For the Commons began where they left at Oxford with Religion and Grievances And to add to it it fell unfortunately that the Earl of Bristal being under restraint the King had sent him no Writ of Summons to the Parliament whereupon he petitions the Peers That being a Peer of the Realm he had not receiv'd a Writ of Summons and therefore pray'd the Benefit of his Peerage and that if any Charge were against him he might be Tried in Parliament Upon which and the Request of the Peers his Writ was sent him with a Letter from the Lord Keeper That though his Majesty had awarded him the Writ yet 〈◊〉 was his Pleasure that his Personal Attendance should be forborn This Letter the Earl sent to the Lords with a second Petition beseeching to be heard both as to his wrongful Restraint and what he had to say Against the Duke of Buckingham This alarm'd the Duke whom the Commons already beheld with no good Eye and therefore to begin with him first the Duke prevails with the King to command the Attorney-General to Common him to the Lord's Barr as a Delinquent where he appear'd May 1. and was by Mr. Attorney charg'd with Eleven Articles of High-Treason But before they were read the Earl said My Lords I am a Free-man and a Peer of the Realm unattainted I have somewhat of high Consequence to his Majesty's Service and beseech your Lordships to give me leave to speak The Lords bade him go on Then said he I accuse that Man the Duke of Buckingham of High-Treason And immediately presented Twelve Articles against him After which the Articles against the Earl being read and himself committed to the Black-Rod the House order'd That the King's Charge against the Earl should be first proceeded on before that of the Earl against the Duke And now the Ice thus broken the Common by eight of their own Members sent up Thirteen Articles of high Offences and Misdemeanours against the Duke which he answer'd with so much modesty that it much abated the Heat that many had against him And in regard the matters charged had been transcted in King James's time he claim'd the Benefit of the Pardon of the Twenty first of King James and the present King's Coronation Pardon On which the Commons thus dâ—â—appointed having prepared a Declaration of the same nature with their Impeachment the Parliament was dissolv'd by Commission June 14. 1626. and no Supply given By which means the Relief then setting forth for Rochel staid so late in the Year that they were dispers'd with ill Weather and forc'd to return without doing
his Astronomical Observations He had great Wars with the Swede till the Year 1570. In 1574. he began to build Cromenburg and two Years after open'd an University at Sora. He likewise highly adorned and advanc'd the Order of the Elephant His Queen was the Princess Sophia of Meckeburg By whom he had these following Sons and Daughters 1. Elizabeth born 1573. Married to Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick 1590. Deceased 1627. 2. Anne born 1574. given in Marriage to James King of Scotland and afterwards of Great Britain on the 20th of Aug. 1590. Deceased March the 2d 1618. 3. Augusta born 1580. Married to Adolph Duke of Holstein Gottorp Deceased 1629. 4. Hedewig born 1581. and Married Christianus the Second Elector of Saxony she departed this Life 1602. The Sons were 1. Christian the Fourth born 1577. 2. Ulrick Bishop of Sleswick Deceased 1624. And 3. John born 1583. who went into Muscovy where in hopes of succeeding to that Crown he Married the Princess Alexia but being seiz'd by an Apoplexy dyed without Issue An. 1602. Christian the Fourth was elected King at the Age of Thirteen his Father being yet living who having his thoughts on War tho' in time of Peace gave Orders for the raising several Fine Fortifications namely Christianstadt in Schonen Christiania in Norway Christianople in Bleking Gluckstadt upon the Elbe and Christian-Presk in Holstein He was engaged in several great Wars as first with the Swede then with Count Schaumburg a second time with the Swede in 1611. followed by a Peace in 1613. Then with the Emperour in 1625. on behalf of the Circle of the Lower-Saxony by whose Forces he was defeated in a Battel fought not far from Lutheram Bohrenburg then again with the Swede in 1643 at which time he had various Success till at length a Peace was concluded with 'em at the Town of Bremsbroe in the Year 1648. In 1618. he set out a Fleet for the Isle of Zeilan in the East-Indies the first that ever sailed from Denmark for those Parts which returned Freighted with Spice The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Anne Catharine Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue 1. Christian born 1603. elected to succeed him but dyed in the Prime of his Age An. 1647. 2. Frederick of whom more in the next Sect. And 3. Ulrick born 1611. deceased in Silesia of a Wound receiv'd by a Musquet-shot An. 1631. Besides these he had many natural Children namely John Ulrick of Guldenlow by a certain Lady named Catharina Andraea As also Christian Woldemar Earl of Hilstein Deceased at Lublin in the Swedish Service against the Poles An. 1656. Frederica Sophia Married to Christian Earl of Penzen Councellor of State Frederica Eleanora Married to Cornifitz Count d' Ulfeldt the King 's chief Taster deceased 1684. Frederica Elizabeth given in Marriage to John de Lindenau Councellor of State Christina to Hannibal a Geestadt Governour of Norway Frederica Hedewig espous'd to Ebbo d' Uhlefeldt And Dorothy who changed her Religion and took the Habit of a Nun Which Seven were born him by Madam Catharine Munkin Last of all by Madam de Wibiken he was Father of Ulrick Christianus de Guldenlow deceased 1661. And Elizabeth Married to Nicholas Count d' Ahlefeldt 9. VI. Frederick the Third Bishop of Bremen being beaten out of his Bishoprick by the Swede was after his Father and Brother Christian's Decease elected King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1648. He discover'd Count Uhlefeldt's Conspiracy And had War with the English as also with the Swede till a Peace was made at Roschild 1654. But the War breaking out a fresh the next Year Copenhagen was besieged by the Swedes and Tuyen recovered by the Danes When a Peace was again concluded in 1666. In his Reign the constitution of the Government was altered and of an elective Monarchy made Hereditary His Queen was Sophia Amalia Daughter of George Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Christian the Fifth the present King of Denmark 2. Anna Sophia born 1647. and married in 1666. to John George the Third Elector of Saxony 3. Frederica Amalia born 1648. and married in 1667. to Christian Albert Duke of Sleswick 4. Wilhelmina Ernestina born 1650. the now Relict of Charles late Elector Palatine 5. George who crossing the Seas went for England where he married the Princess Anne Daughter of James Duke of York since King of England on the 28th of July 1683. by whom he has had many Children but all Daughters and short lived However in Aug. last this present Year 1689. she was at length brought to Bed of a Prince the Joy and Hopes of the English Nation 6. Ulrica Eleanora born 1656 and married to Charles the Eleventh the present King of Sweden May the 16th 1680. Besides these he left a natural Son Ulrick Frederick Count de Guldenlow the now Governour of Norway who by a certain noble Lady is Father of Woldemar Baron of Lowenthal a Colonel in the Danish Forces Afterwards he took to Wife Antonia Augusta Daughter of Anthony Count Oldenburg in the Year 1677. by whom he has many Children and amongst the rest Frederick Christianus As for the Good King he departed this life Feb. the 9th 1670. § VII And now for Christian the present King his Son and Sucessor born 1645. who in short has had sharp Wars with Sweden Has Imprisoned his Chancellor Greiffenfield for life Sat down before Hamburgh but was forced to raise his Siege Has restored the Danobrogick Order of Knighthood Has surrendred the Dutchy of Sleswick to the Duke of Holstein and is married to Charlotte Daughter of William Landtgrave of Hesse by whom he has Issue a fair Race of Princes viz. 1. Frederick born Oct. the 21st 1671. 2. Christianus Oct. the 18th 1675. 3. Sophia Hedewig Aug. the 28th 1677. 4. Christiana Charlotte Jan. the 18th 1679. 5. Charles Oct. the 25th 1680. And 6. William 1687. Of the Augmentation of the Regal Family § VIII AFter it had been enacted in the Reign of Queen Margaret that for the future Denmark Sweden and Norway should be Governed by the same Prince Christianus the First Earl of Oldenburg became possessed of these Three Kingdoms by Right of Election that is to say first of Denmark to which appertained Jutlandt Zelandt Tuyen Schonen Halland Bleking Temeren Bornholm Alsen Lang-Landt Lalandt Hyen c. secondly â—f Norway and its Dependencies to which â—â—so belonged the Isles of Orkney and Iseland â—â—irdly of Sweden together with both the Sothlands Lapland Finland and other its appurtenances In the Year 1459. Christianus he First bought the Earldom or County of Holstein for three and thirty Thousand Florins 〈◊〉 1474. the County of Holstein was erected into a Dutchy of the sacred Roman Empire Upon the Death of Adolph Duke of Sleswick that Dutchy as held in Fee fell to the Crown Christian the Third bought the Isle of Oesel and Lordship of Auron in Livonia where
likewise he had the City of Ravel delivered up â—o him by Maurice Wrangel Bishop thereof â—n the Year 1676. Anthony Gunther the last Earl of Oldenburg dying without Issue the present King by right of Inheritance became possessed of the Counties of Oldenburg and Delâ—enborst as also the Lordship of Kniphuse In the Year 1682. there was an accession to this Lrown of the Lordship of Jevern by the Grant of the French King Last of all Christian Adolph Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg was necessitated to part with his Soveraignty to the present King Of its Decrease § IX THe first and indeed the greatest diminution suffered by the Royal Family of Denmark was in the Year 1469. at which time the Princess Margaret was given in Marriage to James the Third King of Scotland together with the Isles of Orkney and Hetland as security for her Portion which was fifty thousand Florins of the Rhine In 1524 the Kingdom of Sweden was torn from it In 1544. at a division then made of Lands in the Dutchy of Holstein 'twixt King Christian the Third and his Brother Adolph the King parted with the Governments of Trictou Oldenburg and Neustadt together with the Monastries of Cismar and Rheinbeck as also the whole Dutchy of Sleswick tho' this last was to be held by Adolph and his Posterity only as a Fife of the Crown In 1564. at another division of Lands then made 'twixt King Frederick the Second and his Brother John the latter obtain'd the Isles of Alsen and Arroe as also the Praefectures or Governments of Ploen Rheinfeld and Arensburg with their Dependencies About the Year 1585. the then King of Denmark lost Oesel as also what-ever else he held in Liffland In 1658. Halland the Isle of Bornholm Schonen and Bleking were set over to the Swede by the fifth Article of the Peace of Roschild As was also the Government of Babuys in Norway with the City and Castle thereof together with the Government of Drontheam and whatever else the Danes had been hitherto possessed of in the Isle of Rugen tho' afterwards by the Articles of Peace concluded on in the Year 1660. Drontheam and Bornhelm were again surrendred to the Danes In 1689. Christian the present King of Denmark restored the Dutchy of Sleswick to Christian Albert the present Duke together with the absolute and independent Sovereignty thereof The same Year in the Month of Aug. the Lordship of Jevern by an amicable agreement was surrendred to the Prince of Anhalt-Servesten Of the Pretensions of this House § X. THe Claims of the Kings of Denmark are to the City of Hamburg as built and enlarged by the ancient Earls of Holstein of the Family of Schaumburg See Harman de Lesbeke Monk of Minden his Chron. Com. Schavenb inter opuscula rerum German Celeberr Henrici Meimbomii And to the Isles of Orkney as Mortgaged to the ancient Kings of Scotland Of the Ducal Line of Holstein § XI IT has been already said in the fifth Section Numb 2. That John Brother of Frederick the Second King of Denmark and Son to King Christian the Third was the first Progenitor of the present Ducal Line of Holstein who being twice Married became the Father of a very numerous Issue which spread it self into the four branches of Sunderburg Nordburg Glucksburg and Pleen Of the Branch of Sunderburg § XII THis Branch began in Alexander born 1573. who in the division of Lands with his Brethren had Sunderburg part of the Isle of Alsen and part of the Peninsula of Sunderwick for his Patrimony Of this Prince's Posterity we shall speak in the first place As for himself he departed this Life in 1627. having had Ten Children by his Wife the Lady Dorothy of Schwartzburg the Sons being 1. John Christian Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg who deceased in the Year 1653 leaving Issue by his Wife the Lady Anne of Oldenburg a Son named 1. Christian Adolph Duke of Holstein c. who now lives at Frantzhagen in Sax-Lawenburg which was his Wife's Portion together with his Son Prince Leopold Christian born 1678. 2. Ernestus Guntherus who lives at Augsburg with his Wife Augusta Daughter to his Uncle Philip Duke of Glucksburg by whom he has had Issue Frederick who now serves in the King of Denmark's Army Ernestus Philip slain at the Siege of Stetin Frederick William Provost of the Cathedral Church at Hamburg Lovise Charlotte married to Lewis Frederick Prince of Holstein in Beck And Ernestus Guntheras who turned his Religion and was made Canon of Colegne 3. Alexander Henry This Prince turn'd Catholick and died in the Year 1667. leaving Issue by his Wife a certain Reform'd Minister's Daughter Three Sons named Ferdinand Leopold Provost of the Cathedral at Breslaw Alexander Rudolph Canon of Bleslaw and Amuzen And George Ernestus Lieutenant General in one of the Imperial Armies 4. Augustus Philip who purchased the Castie of Beck where he died An. 1675 leaving Issue Sophia Lovise married to Frederick Count de Bukeburg Augustus Captain of the Guards to his Electoral Highness the Duke of Brandenburg who married Lovise Daughter of Philip Count de Lippe in Bukeburg and died of a Dysentery at the Siege of Bon An. 1689. Lewis Frederick likewise Captain of the Brandenburg Guards married Jan. the 11th 1685. to Lovise Charlotte his Uncle Ernest Gunther's Daughter Maximilian Anthony Gunther and Ernestus Camire 5. Philip Lewis born 1620. who bought the Castle of Wisenburg in Misnia but lives at present in the Castle of Oberkozau in Voightlandt where he begot three Sons whose names are 1. Frederick Lieutenant-General amongst the Imperialists who took to Wife Charlotte Dutchess of Lignitz by whom he has Issue Leopold born Jan. the 12th 1674. 2. Charles Lewis Captain of the Guards to the Landtgrave of Hesse And 3. William Christian born 1661. a Captain in the Elector of Saxony's Forces Of the Branch of Nordburg § XIII THe second Son of John Duke of Holstein was Frederick Propagator of the Branch of Nordburg who changed this Life for a better An. 1658. his Children being 1. John Bugislaus born 1629. deceased a Batchellor 1680. 2. Christian Augustus who twice Travelled over Palaestine and highly approv'd himself in the Wars by his good Services to the Dutch and English 3. Rudolph Frederick Colonel in the Dutch Forces who married the Countess Bibiana Daughter of Sigismund Sifrid Count de Promnitz the Baron de Lippe's Relict deceased 1685. having born him a Son and a Daughter namely Sophia Henrietta born 1682. and Ernestus Leopold 1684 both which are brought up in the Court of Wolfembuttel He himself died in November 1688. 4. Elizabeth Juliana born May the 24th 1634. and married to Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 1656. 5. Dorothy Hedewig formerly Lady Abbess of Gandersheim but turn'd Catholick and married Christopher Count de Ranzan And 6. Lovise Amaena married to John Frederick Count de Hohenlob in the Year 1665. Of the Branch of Glucksburg § XIV THe Third Son of Duke
whom he had Eight Children Himself was Slain in a single Combat with Otho Count Schaumburg wherein he had thrown and disarmed the Count and was just a going to kill him as he lay on the ground had he not been prevented by being run through himself by a common Soldier The Names of his Children were 1. Frederick the Second who by an Agreement with his Brethren had at first the sole Administration of the Dutchy of Brunswick He beat Otho surnamed Malus or The Bad out of Wolfembuttel and overthrew the Barons that detained his Brother Bernhard in Prison After this being in high Repute for his Courage he was chosen Emperor by some of the Electors in room of Wenceslaus whom they had deposed but Slain in his way home not far from Frislar as he was returning from Frankfort His Wife was Anne Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony who bore him Two Daughters viz. Anne married to Frederick the Third of Austria deceased 1432. and Elizabeth the Wife of Henry or as Cuspinian will have it Gunther Count Swartzburg 2. Bernhard the First of whom more in the Line of Lunenburg 3. Henry the Fourth of whom in the next 4. Otho the Eleventh Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1416. 5. Helena the Wife of Albert Duke of Meckleburg and King of Sweden 6. Agnes married first to Busson Count Mansfeldt and after his decease to Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania stetin 7. Sophia espoused by Henry Duke of Meckleburg And 8. Catharine married in 1391. to Gerhard Duke of Sleswick and after he was Slain to Erick the Third Duke of Sax-Lawenburg Of the old Line of Brunswick or Wolfembuttel § VI. WE now return to Henry the Fourth Author and Propagator of the old Line of Brunswick properly so called In 1395. he reduced the Lunenburgers In 1404. he undertook an Expedition ' gainst Otho Count Schcumburg but being taken by Henry of Eberstein and Simon and Bernhard Counts de Lippe could not obtain his Liberty but on Promise by Oath to pay them 2000 Florins Ransom from which Oath he was afterwards freed by his Holiness the Pope He could never agree with his Brother the Bishop of Ferden His Death bears date 1416. and his first Wife was Sophia Daughter of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania whom he married An. 1386. after whose Decease he took Margaret Daughter of Herman of Hesse to his Second By the first Lady he had Issue a Son and a Daughter namely 1. William of whom a little below And 2. Catharine married to Frederick the First Elector of Saxony deceased Dec. 28. 1442. But by the Second only a Son named Henry surnamed Lappen-Krieg born 1411. deceased 1473. having had to Wife Helen Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves and by her an only Daughter named Margaret and married to William Prince of Henneberg An. 1469. William succeeded his Father and was surnam'd The Victorious from Seven Famous Victories he obtained The first over the Hussites An. 1421. The second over those of Hildesheim in the same Year The third over the Turks for Sigismund the Emperor An. 1424. The fourth over Erick King of Denmark in behalf of the Hans Towns and those of Sleswick An. 1427. The fifth over Theodorick Arch-Bishop of Munster An. 1446. The sixth over Maurice Earl of Oldenburg An. 1462. And the last over the Inhabitants of Eimbeck He departed this Life An. 1482. aged Ninety having had Cecily Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg to his first Wife and Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumburg Bernhard the Second of Lunenburg's Widow deceased 1468. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. William surnamed The Younger of whom in the next Section 2. Frederick the Fourth who had Calenberg assigned him for his Patrimony but died in Confinement where he was kept by reason of his being Crazed An. 1499. And 3. Otho deceased in his Infancy 1468. § VII Return we now to William the Younger who loved Retirement and a quiet Life In 1490. he bought Helmstadt of the Abbot of Verden and departed this Life 1503. having some time before given up the Governmen to his Sons and divided his Dominions among them He had to Wife Elizabeth Daughter of Budo Count Stolberg who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Henry the Eighth born June 24. 1463. of whom more below 2. Anne born 1470. and married to William Son of Henry the Fifth Prince of Hesse And 3. Erick the Third born the same Year with his Sister Anne who had the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen settled on him by his Father and was a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the greatest Hero's of his Age being said to have overcome in no less than twelve several Battels He departed this Life July 26. 1540. leaving Issue by his second Wife Erick the Younger who succeeded him but yet died without Issue at Pavia in Italy An. 1584. Return we now to Henry the Eighth surnamed der Duadc who being a Prince of an unquiet Temper that sought all occasions of falling out with his Neighbours involv'd both himself and Subjects in many difficulties He was at last Slain by a Canon Ball at the Siege of Orth a Castle in East-Friesland June 23. 1514. His Wife was Catharine Sister of Bugâ—slaus Duke of Pomerania deceased 1526. which March gave birth to the following Issue 1. Christopher Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen born 1487. deceased Jan. 22. 1558. 2. Henry the Tenth born Nov. 10. 1489. of whom in the next Section 3. Erick the Fourth Commendator of the Teutonick Order taken Prisoner at the Battel of Lunenburg but Ransom'd afterwards He died at Coblentz An. 1525. 4. Francis the Second born 1492. Elected Bishop of Minden 1504. deceased Nov. 29. 1529. 5. George the First Arch-Bishop of Bromen born 1494. deceased Dec. 4. 1562. 6. William the Sixth Commendator of the Order of St. John in Mirow deceased 1558. 7. Catharine the Wife of Magnus the Second Duke of Sax-Lawenburg deceased 1563. And 8. Elizabeth married to William Count Henneberg § VIII We now return to Henry the Tenth a Prince impatient of Ease and a quiet Life In his Youth he served George Duke of Saxony against the Frieslanders He likewise assisted his Uncle Erick against the Bishop of Hildeâ—â—m but above all signaliz'd his Courage and Conduct under the Emperor Charles the Fifth in his Wars against the French In 1525. he suppressed the Insurrection of the Boors by giving 'em a total Defeat He first established the Right to Succession by Birth-right in this Line He was a Mortal Enemy of Luther's nor wou'd he permit any of his Subjects to embrace his Doctrine Moreover he was accused of many high Misdemeanors by the Principal States of the Empire whereupon he was beat out of his Dominions by the Princes of the Smalcaldick League An. 1543. and afterwards taken Prisoner by Maurice Elector of Saxony but again set at liberty An. 1547. and at last died of old Age after many