cicero_n laelius_n a_o discourse_n of_o friendship_n together_o with_o a_o pastoral_n dialogue_n concern_v friendship_n and_o love_n license_v rob._n midgley_n london_n print_v for_o william_n crook_n at_o the_o green-dragon_n without_o temple-bar_n 1691._o the_o preface_n the_o usual_a design_n of_o a_o preface_n be_v either_o for_o a_o introduction_n to_o the_o book_n itself_o or_o a_o apology_n to_o the_o reader_n for_o the_o publication_n of_o it_o the_o former_a of_o these_o be_v the_o more_o pertinent_a and_o useful_a of_o the_o two_o tho'_o it_o be_v partly_o do_v already_o by_o my_o author_n i_o shall_v insist_v most_o upon_o that_o the_o follow_a discourse_n be_v write_v by_o tully_n as_o himself_o observe_v in_o his_o late_a year_n which_o produce_v many_o excellent_a treatise_n in_o this_o particular_o we_o find_v more_o of_o majesty_n than_o gaiety_n in_o his_o style_n we_o see_v the_o philosopher_n join_v to_o the_o orator_n and_o which_o be_v somewhat_o rare_a the_o friend_n to_o the_o state_n man_n he_o be_v qualify_v beside_o his_o own_o natural_a ability_n by_o a_o long_a experience_n of_o friendship_n in_o his_o familiarity_n with_o pomponius_n atticus_n to_o treat_v of_o this_o subject_a with_o great_a exactuess_n the_o discourse_n be_v occasion_v by_o scipio_n death_n and_o his_o character_n make_v so_o considerable_a a_o part_n of_o it_o it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o set_v down_o some_o brief_a memoir_n of_o his_o life_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o explain_v several_a passage_n in_o this_o treatise_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o paullus_n aemilius_n the_o great_a general_n of_o his_o time_n from_o who_o he_o be_v call_v aemilianus_n aemilij_fw-la plutarch_n in_o vit._n paulli_n aemilij_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o divorce_n that_o happen_v between_o his_o parent_n be_v adopt_v by_o the_o son_n of_o africanus_n major_n his_o cousin-german_n and_o by_o he_o name_v scipio_n plutarch_n say_v that_o from_o his_o youth_n he_o be_v endue_v above_o any_o of_o his_o equal_n with_o all_o the_o good_a quality_n requisite_a in_o a_o general_n or_o a_o statesman_n ibid._n ibid._n first_o he_o serve_v under_o his_o father_n in_o the_o macedonian_a war_n and_o have_v a_o considerable_a share_n in_o the_o defeat_n of_o perseus_n army_n afterward_o 23._o oros_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 23._o in_o the_o three_o punic_n war_n which_o begin_v 606_o year_n after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n and_o last_v 4_o year_n he_o overthrow_v carthage_n and_o from_o his_o success_n in_o africa_n get_v the_o title_n of_o africanus_n minor_n about_o 15_o year_n after_o that_o 5._o oros_n lib._n 5._o he_o reduce_v numantia_n after_o it_o have_v hold_v out_o for_o 14_o year_n against_o the_o roman_n whilst_o he_o lie_v with_o his_o army_n before_o this_o place_n 8._o plutarch_n in_o vit._n tib._n gracch_n &_o oros_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 8._o the_o sedition_n of_o the_o gracchi_n break_v out_o at_o rome_n and_o tiberius_n gracchus_n the_o elder_a of_o the_o two_o brother_n have_v endeavour_v the_o establishment_n of_o some_o new_a law_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o nobility_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o capitol_n in_o his_o second_o tribuneship_n upon_o scipio_n return_n to_o rome_n he_o be_v ask_v by_o caius_n gracchus_n and_o fulvius_n gracch_n plutarch_n in_o vit._n c._n gracch_n what_o he_o think_v of_o tiberius_n death_n reply_v that_o he_o always_o dislike_v tiberius_n way_n of_o proceed_v this_o answer_n tho'_o it_o be_v deliver_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o sincerity_n lose_v he_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o populace_n and_o mighty_o iucensed_a caius_n soon_o after_o this_o romuh_o idem_fw-la ibid._n &_o in_o vit._n romuh_o scipio_n be_v find_v dead_a in_o his_o bed_n and_o no_o outward_a cause_n of_o his_o death_n appear_v some_o say_v he_o die_v easy_o and_o sudden_o have_v be_v natural_o sickly_a other_o that_o he_o poison_v himself_o other_o that_o his_o enemy_n who_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v caius_n gracchus_n and_o fulvius_n break_v in_o upon_o he_o in_o the_o night_n and_o stifle_v he_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o two_o be_v suspect_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o his_o death_n and_o though_o his_o body_n lie_v open_a to_o be_v see_v of_o all_o and_o give_v some_o suspicion_n of_o a_o violent_a death_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o public_a enquiry_n make_v into_o it_o and_o it_o be_v think_v the_o rabble_n oppose_v all_o proceed_n of_o justice_n for_o fear_v that_o caius_n shall_v be_v find_v accessary_a to_o the_o murder_n his_o death_n happen_v in_o caius_n second_o tribuneship_n who_o pursue_v the_o same_o measure_n with_o his_o brother_n suffer_v the_o same_o fate_n and_o be_v forsake_v by_o all_o his_o adherent_n be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o servant_n aemil._n plutarch_n in_o vit._n paul_n aemil._n scipio_n in_o his_o life-time_n be_v esteem_v the_o valiant_a of_o the_o roman_n and_o have_v the_o great_a authority_n among_o they_o he_o be_v a_o strict_a abserver_n of_o military_a discipline_n 18._o flor._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 18._o and_o make_v a_o great_a reformation_n in_o the_o army_n his_o vacant_a hour_n be_v employ_v in_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n and_o politic_n in_o which_o he_o have_v panaetius_n and_o polybius_n for_o his_o master_n thus_o be_v his_o life_n divide_v between_o the_o art_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n in_o both_o which_o his_o friend_n laelius_n share_v with_o he_o who_o be_v no_o less_o famous_a for_o wisdom_n than_o scipio_n for_o valour_n gracch_n in_o vit._n ti._n gracch_n plutarch_n give_v we_o a_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o his_o prudent_a management_n in_o the_o division_n that_o happen_v in_o rome_n about_o the_o agratian_a law_n which_o gain_v he_o the_o name_n of_o laelius_n the_o wise_a thus_o much_o by_o way_n of_o introduction_n as_o for_o the_o apology_n though_o i_o think_v the_o translation_n want_v it_o very_o much_o for_o real_o i_o do_v know_v how_o to_o justify_v the_o presumption_n of_o a_o attempt_n to_o express_v tully_n conception_n in_o any_o other_o language_n or_o word_n than_o his_o own_o yet_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o poem_n that_o follow_v stand_v in_o most_o need_n of_o it_o and_o be_v more_o my_o own_o must_v consequent_o be_v more_o obnoxious_a to_o censure_n however_o i_o have_v venture_v to_o place_v it_o at_o the_o end_n as_o treat_v of_o the_o same_o subject_a though_o upon_o a_o different_a occasion_n i_o hope_v the_o fair_a sex_n will_v not_o think_v their_o prerogative_n invade_v because_o in_o that_o poem_n i_o prefer_v friendship_n to_o love_n since_o the_o love_n i_o condemn_v there_o be_v a_o passion_n which_o i_o dare_v say_v the_o best_a and_o modest_a part_n of_o they_o will_v not_o think_v themselves_o concern_v to_o defend_v as_o for_o conjugal_a love_n i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o union_n of_o soul_n as_o well_o as_o body_n and_o a_o state_n so_o exact_o conformable_a to_o all_o the_o law_n of_o friendship_n that_o methinks_v the_o name_n of_o friend_n and_o wife_n shall_v signify_v the_o same_o they_o who_o will_v think_v it_o something_o unseasonable_a for_o i_o to_o be_v give_v rule_n of_o friendship_n when_o all_o the_o world_n be_v in_o arm_n may_v as_o well_o blame_v laelius_n for_o make_v this_o discourse_n when_o rome_n be_v distract_v by_o the_o ambition_n of_o gracchus_n and_o tully_n for_o publish_v it_o at_o a_o time_n when_o all_o italy_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o faction_n of_o pompey_n and_o caesar_n certain_o remedy_n be_v never_o more_o necessary_a than_o when_o disease_n be_v most_o epidemical_a i_o hope_v the_o reader_n be_v not_o curious_a to_o know_v whether_o these_o paper_n be_v publish_v at_o the_o importunity_n of_o friend_n by_o the_o command_n of_o superior_n or_o for_o the_o prevention_n of_o false_a copy_n these_o be_v the_o common_a topic_n which_o every_o prefacer_n make_v use_v of_o to_o justify_v his_o intrusion_n into_o the_o press_n i_o shall_v therefore_o wave_v all_o evasion_n and_o bold_o but_o myself_o upon_o my_o reader_n be_v mercy_n for_o i_o do_v understand_v why_o a_o author_n may_v not_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o keep_v his_o reason_n to_o himself_o as_o well_o as_o his_o name_n cicero_n laelius_n a_o discourse_n of_o friendship_n the_o author_n be_v prefatory_a epistle_n to_o t._n pomponius_n atticus_n qvintus_n mucius_n scaevola_n the_o augur_n will_v often_o talk_v of_o caius_n laelius_n his_o father-in-law_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pleasure_n and_o in_o all_o his_o discourse_n give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o wise_a as_o soon_o as_o i_o come_v to_o age_n my_o father_n dispose_v of_o i_o so_o entire_o to_o this_o scaevola_n that_o unless_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n call_v i_o away_o i_o be_v never_o from_o he_o during_o this_o time_n i_o furnish_v my_o memory_n with_o many_o excellent_a say_n and_o useful_a
that_o all_o be_v well_o with_o scipio_n for_o unless_o he_o expect_v a_o immortality_n on_o earth_n which_o i_o dare_v say_v he_o never_o do_v what_o be_v there_o in_o the_o ambition_n of_o man_n that_o he_o do_v not_o obtain_v who_o in_o his_o grow_a year_n not_o only_o answer_v but_o outdo_v the_o mighty_a hope_n which_o all_o rome_n have_v of_o his_o childhood_n who_o never_o seek_v the_o consulship_n yet_o be_v twice_o make_v consul_n once_o before_o the_o usual_a time_n and_o again_o for_o his_o own_o sake_n at_o the_o usual_a time_n though_o for_o the_o nation_n sake_n not_o soon_o enough_o who_o by_o conquer_n two_o city_n that_o be_v the_o great_a enemy_n to_o this_o empire_n do_v not_o only_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o those_o war_n for_o the_o present_a but_o prevent_v they_o for_o the_o future_a what_o shall_v i_o say_v of_o his_o sweet_a disposition_n his_o dutifulness_n to_o his_o mother_n his_o kindness_n to_o his_o sister_n his_o goodness_n to_o his_o friend_n his_o justice_n to_o all_o the_o world_n these_o you_o both_o know_v and_o how_o dear_a he_o be_v to_o rome_n their_o sorrow_n at_o his_o funeral_n sufficient_o declare_v now_o what_o good_a can_v the_o addition_n of_o a_o few_o year_n have_v do_v he_o since_o age_n though_o it_o be_v not_o grievous_a as_o i_o remember_v cato_n tell_v i_o and_o scipio_n the_o year_n before_o he_o die_v yet_o it_o take_v off_o from_o that_o vigour_n and_o activity_n of_o mind_n which_o be_v yet_o alive_a in_o scipio_n who_o life_n as_o well_o as_o his_o fortune_n and_o his_o glory_n be_v already_o such_o as_o not_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o improvement_n the_o sense_n of_o his_o death_n be_v lessen_v by_o the_o suddenness_n of_o it_o what_o kind_n of_o death_n it_o be_v be_v hard_a for_o i_o to_o determine_v what_o other_o suspect_v you_o hear_v but_o this_o i_o may_v true_o say_v for_o scipio_n that_o of_o all_o the_o glorious_a and_o happy_a day_n of_o his_o life_n and_o they_o be_v not_o a_o few_o none_n be_v more_o remarkable_a than_o that_o on_o which_o after_o the_o dismission_n of_o the_o senate_n he_o be_v attend_v to_o his_o house_n in_o the_o evening_n by_o all_o the_o senator_n the_o latin_n and_o other_o ally_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v the_o day_n before_o he_o die_v so_o that_o from_o so_o high_a a_o pitch_n of_o glory_n he_o seem_v fit_a to_o ascend_v to_o heaven_n than_o to_o descend_v so_o low_a as_o the_o grave_a i_o be_o not_o of_o their_o opinion_n who_o have_v undertake_v of_o late_a to_o maintain_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v mortal_a as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n and_o that_o both_o be_v extinguish_v in_o death_n but_o be_o rather_o govern_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_n whether_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o our_o forefather_n who_o perform_v such_o solemn_a obsequy_n to_o the_o dead_a which_o certain_o they_o will_v never_o have_v do_v have_v they_o think_v they_o have_v no_o sense_n of_o they_o or_o from_o those_o who_o be_v former_o of_o this_o nation_n and_o instruct_v the_o big_a grecia_n which_o then_o flourish_v and_o be_v now_o destroy_v with_o their_o precept_n or_o whether_o we_o receive_v it_o from_o he_o who_o apollo_n declare_v the_o wise_a of_o man_n who_o never_o contradict_v his_o own_o assertion_n as_o several_a have_v do_v but_o always_o teach_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v immortal_a that_o upon_o their_o departure_n from_o our_o body_n they_o be_v receive_v into_o heaven_n and_o that_o the_o best_a and_o just_a person_n have_v the_o easy_a and_o quick_a passage_n thither_o this_o be_v scipio_n opinion_n who_o as_o if_o he_o have_v foresee_v his_o death_n within_o a_o few_o day_n before_o it_o happen_v when_o philus_n and_o manilius_n and_o myself_o together_o with_o you_o scaevola_n and_o some_o other_o be_v with_o he_o spend_v three_o day_n in_o a_o discourse_n about_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o conclude_v with_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n all_o which_o he_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v hear_v from_o africanus_n in_o a_o dream_n now_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o every_o good_a man_n soul_n be_v so_o easy_o loosen_v from_o the_o prison_n and_o fetter_n of_o his_o body_n who_o think_v you_o can_v have_v a_o free_a passage_n to_o heaven_n than_o scipio_n so_o that_o to_o weep_v for_o his_o fate_n i_o be_o afraid_a will_v look_v more_o like_a envy_n than_o love_n nay_o though_o i_o shall_v suppose_v that_o all_o sense_n be_v lose_v with_o life_n and_o that_o body_n and_o soul_n die_v together_o yet_o as_o there_o be_v no_o good_a in_o death_n so_o certain_o there_o can_v be_v no_o harm_n for_o when_o scipio_n lose_v all_o sense_n he_o be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o if_o he_o have_v never_o be_v bear_v for_o who_o birth_n not_o only_o i_o but_o all_o rome_n will_v rejoice_v as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v a_o city_n thus_o heaven_n seem_v 〈◊〉_d have_v deal_v more_o kind_o by_o he_o thaâ—_n by_o i_o who_o as_o i_o come_v first_o into_o thâ—_n world_n aught_o to_o have_v go_v first_o out_o of_o it_o but_o the_o very_a remembrance_n of_o our_o friendship_n be_v so_o delightful_a to_o i_o that_o i_o esteem_v myself_o happy_a in_o have_v live_v with_o scipio_n who_o care_n and_o i_o in_o the_o management_n of_o public_a and_o private_a affair_n be_v always_o the_o same_o our_o life_n in_o peace_n and_o war_n still_o the_o same_o and_o which_o be_v the_o very_a soul_n of_o friendship_n our_o temper_n inclination_n and_o opinion_n ever_o the_o same_o wherefore_o i_o be_o not_o so_o much_o please_v with_o the_o name_n that_o fannius_n and_o the_o world_n give_v i_o of_o wise_a which_o be_v false_a as_o with_o the_o hope_n i_o entertain_v that_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o friendship_n will_v be_v eternal_a and_o i_o be_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o induce_v to_o flatter_v myself_o with_o this_o opinion_n because_o in_o all_o past_a age_n there_o be_v not_o mention_v above_o three_o or_o four_o pair_n of_o friend_n among_o who_o i_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o hope_n that_o the_o friendship_n of_o scipio_n and_o laelius_n will_v be_v know_v to_o posterity_n fannius_n that_o must_v needs_o be_v laelius_n but_o since_o you_o be_v please_v to_o make_v mention_n of_o friendship_n and_o we_o be_v at_o leisure_n you_o will_v mighty_o oblige_v i_o and_o i_o hope_v scaevola_n if_o as_o you_o use_v former_o to_o discourse_v upon_o other_o subject_n that_o be_v propose_v so_o you_o will_v now_o let_v we_o know_v what_o be_v your_o sentiment_n of_o friendship_n how_o you_o will_v define_v it_o and_o what_o rule_v you_o will_v lay_v down_o for_o the_o establishment_n of_o it_o scaevola_n it_o will_v be_v very_o acceptable_a to_o i_o and_o i_o assure_v you_o i_o be_v only_o prevent_v by_o fannius_n from_o make_v the_o same_o request_n therefore_o sir_n what_o you_o please_v to_o say_v upon_o this_o theme_n will_v oblige_v we_o both_o laelius_n i_o shall_v not_o be_v against_o it_o can_v i_o think_v myself_o sufficient_a for_o the_o subject_n be_v noble_a and_o we_o be_v at_o leisure_n as_o fannius_n say_v but_o who_o be_o i_o or_o what_o be_v there_o in_o i_o it_o be_v for_o the_o great_a philosopher_n in_o greece_n to_o speak_v extempore_o upon_o every_o argument_n the_o undertake_n be_v great_a and_o require_v no_o small_a preparation_n therefore_o if_o you_o will_v hear_v a_o formal_a discourse_n upon_o this_o subject_a you_o must_v expect_v it_o from_o those_o who_o practice_n and_o profession_n lie_v that_o way_n as_o for_o i_o i_o can_v only_o advise_v you_o to_o prefer_v friendship_n before_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n since_o nothing_o be_v so_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n nothing_o so_o necessary_a in_o prosperity_n or_o adversity_n my_o first_o opinion_n be_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o real_a friendship_n but_o between_o good_a man_n not_o to_o be_v so_o very_o nice_a as_o some_o who_o notion_n of_o goodness_n though_o perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o false_a be_v very_o useless_a to_o and_o 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instruction_n of_o he_o and_o make_v it_o my_o business_n to_o improve_v by_o so_o wise_a a_o conversation_n upon_o his_o death_n i_o apply_v myself_o to_o scaevola_n the_o priest_n who_o i_o dare_v affirm_v for_o learning_n and_o justice_n to_o be_v the_o most_o excellent_a person_n in_o rome_n but_o have_v speak_v of_o he_o in_o another_o place_n i_o shall_v now_o return_v to_o scaevola_n the_o augur_n among_o other_o discourse_n of_o he_o i_o remember_v when_o i_o and_o two_o or_o three_o of_o his_o most_o familiar_a friend_n be_v sit_v with_o he_o he_o fall_v upon_o a_o subject_a which_o be_v then_o in_o every_o man_n mouth_n for_o i_o suppose_v atticus_n you_o who_o be_v so_o well_o acquaint_v with_o p._n sulpicius_n can_v forget_v how_o the_o mortal_a hatred_n he_o bear_v q._n pompeius_n who_o be_v consul_n when_o he_o be_v tribune_n and_o with_o who_o he_o have_v former_o be_v very_o intimate_a do_v amaze_v as_o well_o as_o trouble_v all_o the_o town_n scaevola_n take_v 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world_n be_v so_o frail_a and_o uncertain_a we_o must_v never_o be_v without_o some_o one_o who_o we_o may_v love_v and_o by_o who_o we_o may_v be_v mutual_o belove_v for_o without_o friendship_n there_o be_v no_o enjoyment_n of_o life_n though_o scipio_n be_v sudden_o snatch_v from_o i_o yet_o to_o i_o he_o still_o do_v and_o always_o will_v live_v for_o i_o love_v his_o virtue_n and_o that_o can_v never_o die_v that_o be_v not_o only_o continual_o before_o my_o eye_n in_o who_o arm_n it_o sometime_o be_v but_o will_v be_v signal_o famous_a to_o all_o posterity_n no_o man_n will_v think_v of_o any_o gallant_a and_o extraordinary_a undertake_n but_o he_o will_v copy_n out_o his_o action_n from_o scipio_n life_n among_o all_o the_o blessing_n that_o fortune_n or_o nature_n ever_o bestow_v upon_o i_o i_o know_v none_o that_o i_o can_v compare_v with_o scipio_n friendship_n with_o he_o i_o advise_v and_o agree_v in_o the_o management_n of_o all_o public_a and_o private_a affair_n in_o 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