againe Of the whiche sorte he made three hundred iudges and rulers of the City Before whome when all the greatest men of the Citye were araigned as giltye of their wrongfull banishment they were of suche constancye that they all confessed them selues to haue bene authors therof in deede Affirmynge y ◠it was better with the common wealthe when they were condempned then when they were restored again It was out of doubte a meruelous audacitye ◅or prisoners to geue sentence on their iudges that sate vppon their life death as who would say they disdained to be acquite at their ennemies handes and for asmuch as they coulde not reuenge them selues in worke to vsurpe their libertye in woordes When Phillip had set thinges at a staye in Grece he commaunded all the cityes to sende ambassadors to Corynthe for the reformation of the thinges that were a misse Ther he enacted a statute of peace for al Grece accordyng to the deseruinges of euery City and he elected oute of them all one Counsell and as it were one Senate Onlye the Lacedemonians despised bothe the king and his lawe accōpting that peace but as a seruitude or bondage which was not agreable to the cities them selues but was geuen at y ◠pleasure of the conqueror Furthermore euery city was apoyn ted what manner of men they should setforth to y ◠warres if the king should haue neade either to assiste him when he wer assailed by foraine power or els to make warre vnto others vnder him For it was to be thoughte none other but that all this great preparation was made to assayl the Empire of the Persians The summe of al his succors was two hundred thousand footemen and fiftene hundred horsemen Besides this nomber was also the hoste of Macedone and other barbarous nations bordering ther vpon whom he had subdued In the beginning of y ◠spring he s◅t ouer before into Asia which belōged to the Persians thre captains Parmenio Amyntas Attalus Whose sister hauinge put away Olympias the mother of Alexander vpon suspition of aduoutry he had lately taken in mariage In the meane season while his succors were assemblynge out of Grece he solemnized a mariage betwene his daughter Cleopatra and Alexander whome he had made kynge of Epyre. That day was great solempnity and feasting according to thestate of the two kings th one geuing his daughter thother taking her in mariage And there wanted no kinde of royall showes and pageauntes that coulde be deuised to see the which as Philip was going forth withoute any gard in the middes betwene the two Alexanders hys sonne and sonne in law A noble yong manne of Macedone called Pansanias mistrusted of no man where aboutes he w◅nt stept vpon the king in a strait and as he would haue passed by slue him turning the day into sorowe and heauinesse that was appoynted to mirth and pleasure This Pansa◅as in the first prime of his youthe had suffered Attalus perforce against his wil to abuse him moost filthely wherwith being not contented he offred him this villanye besides He brought him into a banket and there making him dronken cōpelled him like a st◅king strompet to sustaine not only his beastly lechery but also the shamelesse and abhominable lust of al y ◠guests wherby he madehim a laugh ing stock to all men when he came amonge hiscōpanions Pansanias being with this his doinge sore agreued did oftentimes make complainte therof to the kinge At whose hand being with diuers delaies put of not without a mock for his labor and perceiuing his aduersary to be aduaunced furthermore to a captainship he turned his wrathe vppon the king him self and for because he could not be reuenged vpon his aduersary he reuenged him vpon the wrongfull iudge It is thoughte that he was sent by Olympias the mother of Alexander and that Alexander him self ◅as pre uy to his fathers murthre For it is not vnlike but that Olympias toke ber deuorcement and the preferment of Cle opitra as greuously as Pansanias did his abusing and that Alexander feared his brother begotten of his stepmother as an enemy of his kingdome Whervpon it came to passe before this time that he fell at woordes at a banquet fyrste with Attalus and after with his father In so muche that his father pursued him with his sworde drawne and hys frendes had much a doo to entreate him to holde his hande from killing him Uppon which occasion Alexander wyth his mother fled vnto his vncle into Epyre and frō thence went to the kinge of Sclauonye and would skarse by anye meanes be reconciled to his father when he sente for hym in so muche that his frendes coulde not in manner by anye intretaunce compell him to returne agayne Olympias al so was procuring her brother Alexander king of Epyre to raise warre against Philip and had obtained her sute if he had not preuented him with the mariage of his daughter and made him his sonne in lawe These thinges therefore were as spurres vnto Pansanias iust displeasure prickyng him forward to the accomplishment of this acte vpon hys complaint sorowing to be so shamefully abused and coulde haue no redresse This is certaine that Olympias had laid poste horses to conuey him awaye when he had striken the king Afterward when she hard of the murder of the king she came to his funerals the same night vnder pretence of doing obsequies to him and there the very same night that she came she set a crowne of golde vpon Pansanias hed as he ◅ong vpon the galowes the which thing no body durst haue bene so bold to haue doone but she Philip hauynge a sonne a liue And within a few daies after she toke downe the body of Pansanias and burned it vppon her husbandes ashes and builded him a tombe in the same place causyng yerely certaine Ceremonies and obsequies to be doone for him wherby she draue a superstitiō into the peoples heds This doone she compelled Clep◅tra for whose sake Phillip had diuorsed him self frō her hauing first killed her daughter euen in the mothers lap to hang her self and in beholdinge her howe she hong enioyed the reuengement vnto which she made so muche hast by the murder of her owne hus◅and Last of al she consecrated the sword wherwith the kyng was stain vnto Apollo by the name of Myrtalis for that was Olympias name when she was a litle one Al y ◠which things wer don so openlye that it was to be thoughte she shoulde haue feared least her doing wold not be alowed or rather as though she cared not who knew that she had doone the dede ▪ Philip deceased of thage of xlvii yeares when he had raigned xxv yeres He begate of Larissa a daunsing damosel a sonne named Arideus that raigned after Alexander He had many other sonnes begotten of diuers women as the manner of kings is of whome some died of theyr naturall death
his sonne that he shoulde not truste anye man sauing Thessalus and his brothers For this cause therfore was the bankette prepared and dressed in the house of 〈◊〉 Philip and 〈◊〉 which wer wonte to be the kynges cuppe bearers and his tasters had the poyson in colde water the whiche water they tasted and caste it vpon the drinke The fourthe daye after Alexander perceiuing there was no way with hym but death sayde he acknowledged the desteny of the house of his 〈◊〉 For the Aeacides for the mooste parte dyed 〈◊〉 they came to xxx yeres of age Then he appeased hys souâ—… dioures whiche began to make an vprore mistrusting the kinge to be killed by treason and beinge borne vp into the highest and openest place that could be founde in all the cityâ—… and there laide for the vpon a couch he admitted them all to his presence and put forthe his righte hand to them to kisse as they stode wepinge about him And wheras all the company wept to beholde him in that case he not onlye shed forthe neuer a teare but also was withoute any kinde of token ofsorowe or 〈◊〉 in so much that he comforted certayne of them that made greate sorowe and lamentation for the matter Unto some he gaue commaundements and errands to doo to their frendes from him So that like as hys harte was inuincible toward the enemy so was it inuincible also againste deathe When he had sente awaye his souldioures he demaunded of hys frendes as they stode about hym whether they thought they shuld finde the like kynge againe or no. Euerye man holdynge his peace he sayde that as he knew not that so he perfectly knew and prophesied yea and in maner saw it presently before his eies how much bloud Macedone shoulde spende in that quarel and with how greate slaughter occision of men it should do obsequies for him after his departure At the last he willed his body to be buried in the Temple of Hammon When hys frendes sawe him drawe on they asked who shoulde be heir of hys Empyre He aunswered the worthiest So greate was the courage of hys harte that wheras he left behinde him hys sonne Hercules hys brother Arideus and his wife Roxanes great with chylde for gettinge all 〈◊〉 and aliaunce hee denounced him to be his heire that was worthyest As thoughe it hadde not beene lawfull for anye man to succeade a valiaunt manne then as valiaunte a man as he or to leaue the richesse of so great a kingdome to any other then to such as were tride men with thys word as though he had blowen a trompet among his noble men or sowne the sede of mischief and delate euery one became enemy to other in his hart wyth colourable flattery priuely sought the good wils and fauor of the men of warre The vi day wheÌ„ his speche was gon he tooke a ringe of his finger and deliuered it to Perdicas the which thinge appeased the dissention of his frendes all ready beginning to bud For allbeit he were not pronounced heir by word by mouthe yet notwithstanding it semed it was his minde he should be his heire Alexander deceased of the age of xxxiii yeares and one monthe a man endued with stoutnesse of courage aboue the power of mannes fraile nature The same nighte that his mother Olympias conceiued him she dreamed she had to do with a great dragon neither was she deceiued of God in her dreame for out of all dout she bare in her wombe a piece of worke exceding the frailnesse of mannes nature And althoughe she were renowmed bothe for the house of Aeacus froÌ„ whence by auncient descent of so many C. yeres â—…he was lineallye â—…xtract and also because her father her brother her husbaÌ„d and all her auncestors and progenitoures were kinges yet was she in none of all those respectes so muche to be estemed as for her owne sonne Many wondrous foretokens of his greatnesse appered euen at his birth For the same day that he was borne two Egles stode all day vpon the toppe of his fathers house representing a token of his dowl Empire of Europe and Asia And the very same daye also hys father had tidâ—…nges broughte him of two victories the one of a battell against the Illyrians the other of the gamynge at the mountaine Olympus vnto the which he hadde sent his chariots The whyche was a token that the child shuld be conqueror of all countries Duringe hys childehode he was brought vp straightly to his learning when he grew towarde mannes estate he encreased in knowledge vnder Aristotle the 〈◊〉 teacher of al Philosophers Aâ—…terward when he had taken the kingdome vpon him he proclaimed himself king of all landes and of the whole world and so behaued himself among his souldiers that if he 〈◊〉 with them there was no enemy could make them afraide although they had beane naked them selues Therfore he neuer encountred with any enemy but he ouercame him he neuer besieged city but he wan it nor neuer entred any country but he subdued it And yet at the last he was ouercome not by force of the enemy but by the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 treason of his owne subiectes The thirtenthe Booke ALexander y â— great being dispatched out of the way in the very floure of his age and of his conquests al men were striken in so heauye dumpes and in especially all the citye of Babilon But the nations whome he had subdued could not geue credite to the reporte because that as they beleued him to be inuincible so also they thoughte him to be immortall calling to remembraunce how often he had bene deliuered from present death and how oftentimes when he had loste his weapon sodainly he shewed himself amonge hys men not only safe and sound but also gettinge the vpper hande But when they were throughlye perswaded that he was dead in dede all the barbarous nations whom he had conquered a litle before mourned for him not as for an ennemye but as for a father Moreouer the mother of Darius whome after the losse of her sonne beinge her selfe fallen from the stage of so highe estate it repented not of her lyfe vnto that day for the great clemency and fauoure that she found in â—…er conqueror when she hard of AlexaÌ„ders death did rid herselfe oute of this life not because she sette more by her ennemy then by her own sonne but because she had found the naturall loue of a sonne in him whome she toke for her enemy On the other part the Macedones cleane coÌ„trary mour ned not for him as for their countryman or as for a kinge of such a maiesty but reioysed as if they had lost an enemy cursing his ouergreat seueritye and continuall ieoperdies that he put them vnto by his warres Besides this the princes gaped for the pertition of his kingdomes and prouinces and the common souldioures for his treasures and for a great masse of gold as a
take his part was mynded to haue made greuous warres vppon the Romaynes yf he had not dyed For the FrenchmeÌ„ after the vnfortunate battell at Delphos in the which the wrath of God dyd them more displeasure then the puissance of their enemies hauyng lost their Captayne Brenne fled lyke owtlawes some into Asia some into Thrace From thence they retyred into their natiue countrie by the very same way they came oute A certeyn of them rested at the metyng of the ryuers of Danow and Say called themselues Rascians The people of Languedocke beyng returned into their olde countrie of Tolouse and there stryken with a Pestilent murreyne could not recouer their health vntil such tyme as by thadmonishment of their Southsayers they had throwen into the lake of Tholouse all the golde and Siluer that they had gotten in the warres by the robbyng and spoilyng of Temples All the which Cipio the Romayn Consull long tyme after toke away euery pennie There was of golde a hundred and tenne thousand pound weight of syluer fiftie hundred thousande pound weight the which sacrilege was afterward the confusion of Cipio and his hoste Furthermore there followed anone after the warre of the Cymbrians agnynst the Romayns as it were to punish them for takyng away of the holly mony A great noÌ„ber of the people of Languedock beyng enticed with the swetenes of the praye as men wonte to liue altogether vppon the spoyle went into Illyria and there hauyng syoyled the Istrians rested in Pâ—…nnonie It is reported that the nacion of the Istrians descended from the men of Colchos that were sent by Kyng Aetis to pursew the Argonantes and Iason that ledde away his daughter by force who enteryng oute of the Sea of Pontus into the ryuer of Istre and so directlie into the ryuer Say followyng the Argonantes at the hard heles caried their â—…ippes vppon their shoulders ouer the toppes oâ—… the mountaynes â—…uen vnto the shore of the Adriatike sea the which thyng they vnderstoode that the Argonantes for the length of thâ—…ire shippe had donne before them But when the men of Colchos could not synde them whether it were for feare of the kyng or for tediousnesse of the longe sayling they setteled them selfes nere vnto the Citie Aquiuerlera and called them selues IstriaÌ„s after the name of the ryuer into the which they first entered oute of the sea The Daces also are the yssue of the Getes who with Dlor their kyng beyng van quished in battell by the Bastarnes were put to this penance for theire cowardyse that when they shoulde take their slepe they should lay their headdes wher their fete shoulde lye and serue their wyues in suche sorte as their wyues were wonte to serue them the whiche penaltie layd vppon them by the commaundement of their kyng they shoulde not be so bolde to infringe before they had by their manhode and prowesse put awaye the schlaunder and ignominie purchased by their former siouts and cowardyse Perses therfore beyng crowned kyng in his father Philyppes stead styrred all these nacions to take his part agaynste the Romaynes In the mâ—…ane whyle there arose warre betwene Prusias vnto whome Hanniball was fled after that peace was concluded betwene Antiochus and the Romaynes and Eumenes the which warre Prusias breakyng the league vppon trust that he had in Hanniball dydde first moue For when as the Romaynes among other articles of peace put in the deliueraunce of Hanniball for one the kyng gaue him warnyng of it and he fled into Candie In the â–ª whiche Ile when he had lyued quietâ—…ie a long tyme and sawe that men repyned and grudged at hym for his greate wealth and rychesse he fylled pottes with leadde and set them in the Temple of Diana as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for the preseruacion of his lyfe and verie gooâ—… 〈◊〉 By meanes where of the Citye hauinge no feare nor infstruste of his dooinges in as muche as they beleued that they had his richesse for a pledge he went to Prusias carying all his golde with hym poured into Images of timber least if his richesse should be espied he might happen to be put in ieoperdy of his life for them Afterwarde when Emnenes had ouercome Prusias in battel vpon the lande and that Prusias would try the aduenture of the sea Hannibail by a new deuise was the occasion that he gate the victory For he caused of all kindes of Serpentes to be put into earthen pots the whiche in the middes of the battell were caste into the enemyes shippes This stratageme semed at the first to the menne of Pontus to be but a mockerye to leaue weapones and fyghte wyth earthen pottes But when the Serpentes began to swarme about them in the shippes they wer so troubled wyth the doubtfull daunger that they wist not what to do and so they gaue their enemy the vpper haÌ„d When fidinges hereof came to Rome the Senate sente ambassadoures to cease the strife betwene bothe the kinges and to demauÌ„d to haue Hannibal yelded vnto them But Hanniball hauynge knowledge of the matter poysoned hym self and dyed ere the ambassadour could come by him This yeare was notable for the deathes of three of the mooste puissaunte captaines in all the whole world that is to saye of Hanniball Philopemenes and Scipio Affricanus Of the whiche it is well knowen that Hanniball neither in the time that al Italy quaked to see him thunderinge like a tempest in the Romaine Empire nor wheÌ„ he was returned to Carthage and helde the soueraintye did euer sytte downe to his meat or drynke aboue a pinte and a halfe of wine at a meale And as for chastitye hee kepte it so immaculate and vndefiled amonge so manye prisonners as he hadde that a man would sweare he had neuer bene borne in Affricke Certesse he was of that modâ—…stye and gouernmente that all be it had sundrye kindes of people to rule in hys hoste yet his souldioures neuer wente aboute to betraye him neither coulde he be entrapped by any policye both the whiche thinges his ennemies full often attempted â—…gainst hym The. xxxii Boke THe Romains accoÌ„plished the warres of Macedone with farre lesse trouble the they did the warres of Carthage â–ª but the warre was so muche the more honourable as the Macedones excelled the Cartâ—…aginenses in renoâ—…ne estimation For they were furthered partly with the glory of the conquest of the East and inespecially with the ayd and helpe of all kynges And therfore the Romaines made for the a greater noumber of men of warre and also sent for succâ—…ur to Masinissa king of Mundie and to all other their confedecates Furthermore they charged Emnenes king of Bythinia to helpe them wyth all the power he was able to make Perses besides his hoste of Macedones who by the opinion of all men were accompted vnuincible had in his treasury and in his store houses where with all to mainetaine ten yeares warre
ioyned with 〈◊〉 it is an vncredible thing how greatly they encreased The enryching of the Iewes came by the reuenewes of Balme whiche groweth no where but only in their countrie For there is a certayn valey inclosed round about with continuall hylles as it were walles like vnto gardines The place conteyning two huâ—…dred thousand Acres is named Iericho In the same vale there is a wood notable bothe for the frutefulnesse and for the pleasauntnesse thereof For it is beset with date trees and balme trees The Balme trees are lyke in makyng and groweth vnto pytche trees sauyng that they be much lower and are dressed as vines are These at certeyn tymes of the yere doe swete out balme But the place is not so muche to be wondered at for the frutefulnesse as for the colenesse thereof For whereas throughout all the Clymate of that Countrie the sunne is excedyng hote there is in that place as it were a naturall warmenesse and a continuall shadowe In that countrie is a lake which for the greatnesse therof and for the vnmouable standyng of the water is called the dead sea For neyther is it moued with y â— wyndes by reason the bytumen resisteth the force of them wher with all the water is made to stand immouable neyther can it be sayled vppon bycause that all thynges wantyng lyfe synke downe to the bottom and it will not beare any substaunce onlesse it be ouerlayed with Alume Xerxes kyng of Persia fyrst subdued the Iewes Afterward they and the Persians also were brought in subiection by great Alexander and continued a longe tyme vnder the gouernaunce of the Empyre of Macedone Lastely rebellyng agaynst Demetrius by sekyng the frendshyppe and Aliance of the Romayns who at that tyme dyd cut large thonges of other mens lether they were the fyrste of all the Nacions of the East that requested lybertie Duryng the same tyme that there was such alteracioÌ„ of the kyngdome of Syria among the new kynges Attalus kyng of Asia distayned his moste florishyng kyngdome which he had receyued of his vncle Eumenes with the slaughter of his frendes and thexecucion of his kynsfolke false lye surmisyng one whyle that the olde lady his mother another while that his owne spouse Beronice were by their sorcery and enchauntmentes kylled After the committyng of this wicked and outragious crueltie he put on fylthie apparell he let his hed and his beard growe long lyke as offenders are wont to dooe in person he woulde not come abrode he would not shew himself to the people he would not make any myrthe or good chere in his house no nor pretend anie token at all of a manne that is in his right wittes so that it was not to be thought but that he punished himselfe to pacifye the Ghostes of suche as he had wrongfullie put to death There vppon leauyng the gouernement of the kyngdome he gaue himselfe to makyng of gardynes and sowed sedes settyng herbes anâ—… wedes myngled togyther all the which he woulde stepe in venemous liquors and send as a speciall present to his frendes Furthermore he gaue himselfe to the studie of Smyths craft and to founding of metalles maruelously delightyng in meltyng and casting of brasse Fynallie entendyng to make his mother a Tumbe as he was earnestlie occupied about the same he caught a Surfettâ—… by the heate of the sunne of the which he dyed within seuen dayes after By his last will he made the people of Rome his hâ—…ire But there was one Aristonicus the sonne of Eumenes not begotten in lawfull wedlocke but borne of a single woman of Ephesus the daughter of a certayn Mynstrell who after the death of Attalus toke vppon â—…im the kyngdome of Asia as yf it had ben his by right of inheritaunce When he had fought manie prospâ—…rous battelles agaynst such of the Cities as woulde not yelde themselfes vnto him for feare of the Romayns and thervppon semed now to be righfull kyng in dede Licinius Crassus the Consul was appoynted to haue the charge of Asia who hauyng more mynde of Attalus riches then of the warre by aduenture in the later end of the wynter for wante of good order and gouernaunce in the fyelde was ouercomme and with the losse of his lyfe suffered due punishement for his vnaduised rashenesse and couetousnesse In his roume was sent the Consull Perpenna who in the fyrst encounter vanquished Aristonicus and toke him prisoner and also shipped all the riches of Attalus belongyng to the Romayns by force of Legacie and conueyed them to Rome The which his successor Marcus Aquilius the Consul takyng sore to hart made al the hast and spede he could deuise to take Arystonicus perforce out of Perpennas hand as who shoulde say that he himself ought rather to haue the honor of Tryumph foâ—… vanquishyng hym But the deathe of Perpenna brake the stryfe of the Consulles and so Asia beyng made the right of the Romayns with her richesse sent also her vices vnto Rome The. xxxvii Boke AFter that Arostonicus was takeÌ„ prisoner the Massilias sent Ambassadors to Rome humblye requestyng pardon for the Phocenses their fouÌ„ders whose Citie Senate yea and name the Romaynes had geuen sentence should be vtterly rooted out bycause that bothe at that tyme and before tymes when they had warres with Antiochus the same lyke deadlie enemies had euer furthered the warre agaynste theym the which request with much sute the Massilians obteyned This done they rewarded the kynges that had ayded them agaynst Aristonicus vnto Mythridates kyng of Pontus they gaue the lesser Syria vnto the sonnes of Ariarathes kyng of Cappadocia who lost his lyfe in the same battell they gaue Licaonia and Cilicia And the people of Rome delt more faithfully with the sonnes of their confederates then the mother dyd deale with her owne children For by th one the child had his kyngdome enlarged by thother he was bereft of his lyfe For Laodice of syxe sonnes that Ariarathes had begotten by her for feare least by continuall succession in the gouernement of the kyngdome some of them mighte happen to come to mannes estate kylled fyue of them One of the yongest by the helpe of his kynred was saued from his mothers crueltie who after the death of the sayde Laodice for the people had put her to death for her crueltie enioyed the kyngdome alone Mythridates also beyng surprised by sodayne death left a sonne behynd him of his owne name who afterward grewe so great that he surmounted in estate not onely the kynges of his tyme but also all the kynges that had ben before hym and helde warres with the Romaynes syxe and fowerty yeres togither sometyme with conqueste and sometime with losse Whome the moste expert and valiant Captaynes Sylla and Lucullus with diuers others in fine â—…us Pem peius ouercame in such sorte that he still rose with greater force and prowesse to renewe the battell and by
into hys kyngdome Mardonius is vanquished in Beotia Them istocles hath the pro rogatiue for his prowesse Athens is buylded agayn the Lacedemo nians make warre vppon the Persians Pausanias is condemned of treason Xerxes proclaymeth open warre agayn agaynst Grece he is ouercomme by Cymo duke of Athenes bothe on sea and land and returneth into his kyngdome The conteyntes of the thyrd Boke XErxes and his sonnes are slayne by the treason of Artabanus Artaxâ—…xes reuengeth the death of his father The Lacedemonians and Thatheniens fall at varians Lycurgus maketh lawes willyngly vannisheth hymself the Lacedemonians make warre vppon the Messeniens the Partheniens place themselfs at Tarent in Italy Messene rebelleth and is subdued warre is renued betwene the Lacedemonians and Thatheniens the Lacedemonians breake the truce the notable demeanor of Pericles truce is taken agayn and broken by the Lacedemonians The conteyntes of the fowerth Boke THe description of Sycill with the wonders therof â—…olus taketh vppon him the crowne of the same after whome euery eytie hath his Tyrrant among whome Anaxilaus contendeth agaynst thothers crueltie with Iustice and Equitie The men of Rhegium are cruelly dispossessed of their Cytie by their con â—…ederates The Cathanenses and Syracusans fall at debate the Athentens ayde the Catanenses truce is taken broken by the Syracusans Ahatheniens succor the Catanenses agayne 〈◊〉 rescoweth Syracuse vanquisheth the Atheniens bothe by sea and by lande and vtterlie destroyeth bothe their men and shyppes The contyentes of the fyft Boke ALâ—…ibiades willyngly bannisheth himself and compelleth the kyng of Lacedemon to warre vpon ThathenieÌ„s the which Darius kyng of Persia furthereth also 〈◊〉 causeth the cyties oâ—… Asia to reuolte from Thathentens the Lacede monians lye in wayt to kyll him he escapeth by the admonition of the wyfe of kyng Agis and flyeth to 〈◊〉 kyng Darius lyeuetenaunt in Lydia whome he withdraweth from the Lacedemonians the Ambassadors of Athens come vnto him he is reuoked into his countrie and made admirall he ouercommeth the Lacedemonians and is ioyfully receyued of his Cytizens he receyueth a losse by ouâ—…rsyght and bannisheth himself agayn 〈◊〉 are brought to vtter distresse Conon their Captayn flyeth to Cyprus the cytie is yelded vp to the Lacedemonians thyrty Tyrants haue the gouernaunce therof Darius kynge of Persia dyeth Dionyse the yonger is expulsed oute of Sycill Alâ—…biades is burned in hys lodgyng 〈◊〉 expulseth the xxx 〈◊〉 tenne others are placâ—…d in their stead â–ª Pauianias kyng of Lacedeuion commaun deth them out of the cytie and gyueth peace to the Atheniens the Tyraunâ—…s makyng warre agaynste Athenes are taken and put to death Artaxerxes sucâ—…edeth hys father Darius in y â— Persian kingdome Cyrus rebelieth agaynst his brothâ—…r Aâ—…xerxes and is slain the Grekâ—… that came to his ayde returne into their countrye vnvanquished The contentes of the syxte Booke THe Lacedemonians couet Th empyre of Asia â—…nes is displaced of his office of Lieuetenauntship Conon of Athenes is made Admyrall of the Persian flete the Lacedemonians send for ayde into Egypte 〈◊〉 is sent agaynst Conon Conon ouercommeth Lysander vppon the sea Athens is set at lybertie agayn Epamynondas ouercommeth the â—…a cedemonians and sleath Lysander Agesyiaus wresteth the victory from the Thebanes the Atheniens sende Iphicrates with an host to chayd of the Thebans y e Lacedemonians are broght to 〈◊〉 dispayre Conon is receyued with great ioye of his cytizens Athenes is repayred Aâ—…axerxes proclaymeth a generall peace through all Grece and setteth all the cyties at lybertie he maketh warre against Egypt Rome is taken by the Frenchmen warre ryseth betwene the Lacedemonians and Arcadians and is ceased of their owne accord Epamynondas Duke of Thebes inuaded Lacedemon and is repulsed by the olde menne Agesylaus encountereth with hym Epaminondas is slayne with whome the prowesse of the Grekes decayeth The conteintes of the seuenth Boke HE entreateth of 〈◊〉 and of the kynges thereof â—…ranus followyng a herd of goates wynneth the cyâ—…ie Edyssa he turneth the name therof maketh it the head of Macedone and subdueth diuers kyngs after him 〈◊〉 Perdicas and prophecieth of his posteritie Argeus taketh his place and 〈◊〉 the crown to his son Europâ—… the Macedones ouercome the Illyrians 〈◊〉 succedeth whose son Alexander kylleth the Persian Ambassadors sent by Darius of whome mencion is made in the fyrst and seconde bokes Bubares marryeth Alexanders syster Amynthas succedeth Alexander the mother kylleth her owne children Philyp is brought vp at Thebes and afterward he is crowned kyng he vanquisheth his borderâ—…rs conquereth the â—…ens maryeth Olympias the mother of great Alexander winneth Methone The contentes of the eyght Boke THe Lacedemonians Phocenses are condemned in a great sum of mony the Phocenses robbe the Temple of Delphos Philip is chosen Captayn generall agaynste them and vanquisheth them the which beyng doone he spoyleth the Thebanes whome he came to defend he stealeth the kyngdome of Cappadocia destroeth Olynthe in Thrace inâ—…th the goldmynes in Chessaâ—… the syluet â—…es in Thrace spoyleth the two kyngs of Thrace of their kyngdome maketh peace with Chateâ—…ens geueth sâ—…le aunswers to Chaâ—… of Grece breaketh premis with the Phocenses remoueth whole nacions and Cyties from countrie to countrie sâ—…th the Dardamerans dâ—…seth Arymba kyng of Eâ—…yre geuyng the kyngdo me to Alexander the brother of his 〈◊〉 Olympsas The contentes of the nynethe Boke PHâ—… besiegeth Constantinople duryng the which he wiâ—… neth many cyties â—…f Chersonesus feighteth vnprosperously agaynst the Tryballes he maketh warre to the â—…niens wynneth the Soueranity of Grece executeth strâ—…ghte Iustice vppon the Thebanes somoneth a Parlament at Cormthe prepateth for warre astaynst the Persians is sâ—…ayne by Pausâ—…ras at his daughters maâ—…ge The description of his nature and condicions with a comparison betwene him and his sonne Alexander The contentes of the tenthe Boke THe natural affection of Artaxerxes Mnemon toward his sonne Darius his treason against his father y â— punishmeÌ„t of Darius his fyfty brothers the cruelty of Ochus the prowesse of Codoman for the which he is created kyng by the name of Daius The conteyntes of the eleuenth Boke THe disquietnesse of the Macedones after the death of Phylype the whiche Alexander appeaseth Alexander putteth his kynsfelke to death suppressed rebellioÌ„s goeth forward with the warres that his father purposed againste the Persians â–ª pardoneth the Atheniens 〈◊〉 Thebes entereth into Asia vanâ—… 〈◊〉 ouercommeth diuers of his Lieuetenantes goeth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cytie 〈◊〉 and vntyeth the knot of the wayne a digression to thaâ—…yres and the kynges of Phrygia Alexander maketh haste to Châ—…us in Cilicia is reâ—…ered of a daungerous disease ouercommeth Darius agayne taketh the mother wyfe and daughters of Darius prysoners maryeth one of his prisoners called Barsiue sendeth Parmenio to inuade the â—…ersian flete and other of his noble 〈◊〉 to receyue the Cyties of Asia maketh abdolominus a kyng of a Gardiner winneth the 〈◊〉 Cyrus perforce goeth to
the temple of Haâ—…o in Egypt â–ª buyldeth the cytie Alexandria receyueth letters twyse from Darius and replyeth to thesame mourneth for the death of Darius wyse 〈◊〉 the thyrd letter from 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 thereunto 〈◊〉 Darius and 〈◊〉 the Monarchie of the 〈◊〉 with th empyre of Asia rewardeth his souldiers and fyndeth â—…eadyng riches in the cytie 〈◊〉 Da rius is bounde by his â—…wne 〈◊〉 found by a souldier half dead and sore wounded 〈◊〉 whome he 〈◊〉 his mynde and dyeth and Alexander causeth him to be 〈◊〉 accordyng to his estate The conteyntes of the twelueth Boke ALexander buryeth his souldiours sumptuously Agis kyng of 〈◊〉 maketh insurreccion in Grece and is 〈◊〉 â–ª Alâ—…xander kyng of Epyre warreth in Italy is 〈◊〉 to death â—…yron with his hoste is slayn by the Scythâ—…s Alexanders souldiours beyng in Parthia desyre to returne home he subdueth Hyrcanie and the mardes Thalestris Quene of â—…hamazones companyeth with Alexander he vsurpeth the maners of the Persians frequenteth feastyng licenceth his souldiers to mary their prysoners outrageth agaynst his noble menne conquereth the people that inhabite the foote of Cancasus in the which tyme Bessus that kylled Darius is brought bounde vnto him whome he deliuereth to be punished to Oxatres the brother of Darius he buyldeth Alexandria vppon Tanais kylleth Clytus at the table falleth in great dispayre for the same receyueth countries by composicion putteth Calisthenes and other noble men to death gyueth his souldiers syluer Bucklars entereth into Inde where a Quene called Cleophis yeldyng herself and her kyngdome vnto him recepueth it agayne at his hande ouercommeth kyng Porus. buyldeth two cyties subdueth fowâ—… Nacions is desyred by his souldieurs agayne to return home vanquisheth the Euâ—…ytes â—…ceyueth by coÌ„posicion the Gessones Asybanes conquereth the Ambres SycaÌ„bres is sore wounded in the citie of y â— Dpydrakes preserueth his host from poysoned woundes by thadmonishment of a dreame buyâ—…deth a Cytie in the mouthe of the ryuer Indus returneth to Babylon putteth the Lieuetenauntes of diuers countries to deathe punisheth a 〈◊〉 among his souldiers mourneth for the death of 〈◊〉 on enterteyneth thambassadours of Carthage Spayne Fraunce c. is poysoned by Antipater comforteth his souldiers makyng 〈◊〉 tumult for his death deliuereth his ryng to Perdiccas and dyeâ—… The contentes of the thirtenth Boke THe mother of Darius dyeth for sorrowe Aridens is made kyng th empyre is dâ—…utded among the noblemen of Alexander Thatheniens and Aâ—…tolians dryue â—…ntypater oute of Grece Perdiccas makeâ—…h warre agaynst 〈◊〉 kyng of Cappadocia the noblemen of Macedone fal at varians among themselfs the foundacion of the cytie 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 Perdiccas is hated for his pryâ—… and Eumenes wynneth two fieldes â–ª The contentes of the fourtenth Boke EUmenes preuenteth the policies of his enemies he is beseged by Aâ—…tigonus rescowed by Antipater resorteth to the Aâ—…gyraspides for succor is ouer come by Antigonus and is betrayed by his owne souldiers Cassander is made Regent of Grece the Lacedemonians enclose their Cytie with a wal Eurydice and Arideus are slayne at the commaundement of Olympias Cassander lykewyse putteth Olympias to death and â—…prysoneth the sonne of Alexander The conteyntes of the xv Boke THe Conquerours fall at debate for partyng of the pray the Abderties are dryuen out of their countrey with frogges myce Cassander putâ—…eth the sonnes of Alexander to death Ptolomy is vanquished on the sea by Demetrius Alexanders Lieuetenauntes proclay me theâ—…es kynges Lysymachus taketh part with Cassander agaynst Antigonus a discourse of the doynges of the sayde Lysimachus the wonderfull 〈◊〉 of Seleucuâ—… with his par takyng agaynst Antigonus and his conquestes in the East Sandrocotte deliuâ—…th the Indians from the subiection of Macedone and oppressed them with Tyrannie himself â–ª Antigonus is slayne his son Demetrius put to flight the Conquerors â—…al at barâ—…ans agayne among themselues and Cassander dyeth The conteyntes of the. xvi Boke â–ª THabominable murder of Antipater the sonne of 〈◊〉 for the which his brother Alexander proclayâ—…th warre agaynste him Demetrius slayeth Alexander and vsurpeth his part of Macedone Lysimachus yeldâ—…h vnto him the porcion of Antipater also Ptolomy Lysimachus Seleucus Pyrrhus yoine themselfes in league agaynst Demetrius Pyrrhus dryueth Demetrius oute of Macedone Lysimachus putteth his son in law Antipater to death in whome the house of Cassander is extincted Demetrius yeld â–ª th himself prisoner to Seleucus Ptolomy dieth debate falleth betweÌ„ Lysimachus Pyrâ—… he expulsâ—…th Pyrthus out of Macedone â–ª the buyldyng of the Cytie Heraciea in Ponâ—…us the gâ—…es of the Heracleans their courâ—…e towarde their enemies their miserable oppression by tyrannie the bolde enterpryse of Chion and Leonides and the death of them The conteyntes of the. xvii Boke THe horrible Earthquake in Hellesponte and Chersonesus the crueltie of Lysimachus to his owne children by thinstigacion of their â—…tepmother Arsyrice the last warre betwene the succâ—…ssoro of Alexander wherein 〈◊〉 is slayn by Seleucus who also within a while after is slayne by Ptolomy the kynges brother of Egypt Pyrrhus aydâ—…th the â—…tynes agaynst the Romaynes a discourse of the Realme of Epyre with a declaracion of thactes of the kynges thereof The contentes of the. xviii Booke PYrrhus 〈◊〉 the Romayns Mage Duke of Carthagbryngeâ—…h ayd to them and is sent home agayne the Romayues take a truce with Pyrrhus the whiche is â—…ynged by Appius Claudius â–ª Pyrâ—…us takâ—…th vppon him the kyngdome of Syâ—…l the foundacion of Sydon and Tyre with a declaracion of thâ—…re Histories Dydo buyldeth Carthage and sleath herself The Carthaginenses 〈◊〉 abhominable kynde of sacrifice they suâ—…er losse by warre and pâ—…ens Macheus Duke of Carthage 〈◊〉 hys owne 〈◊〉 winneth Carthage is accused of treason and 〈◊〉 put to death The conteyntes of the. 〈◊〉 Boke MAgo Duke of Carthage dyeth his sonnes Hasorâ—…ball Hamilcar succede the Carthaginenses are ouercome by the 〈◊〉 â–ª fres and pay the rent for their cytie sâ—…ill they make warre in Sardynia and Sycill themessage of the Ambassadours of Darius to the Earthaginenses the Afres are compelled to releace the rent â–ª the army of Hamilco perisheâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pescilent influence of the star res the remnant whereof he bryngeth home and kylleth hymself The contents of the. xx Booke DEnnys the elder dryueth the Carthagineâ—…ses out of Sycill and maketh warre in Italy a declaracion of the fondacion of the cyties in Italy the warres betwene the 〈◊〉 and the Locrenses the lyfe doctrine and death of Pythagoras Dennys is ouercomme by the Croteniens and concludeth a league with the Frenchemen the doynges of the Frenchemen in Italy Dennys re turneth into Sycill agaynste the 〈◊〉 and is slayn by his owne men The contentes of the. xxi Boke THe yonger Dennys exercyseth all kynde Tyranny is expulsed the realme exercyseth moste vnspeakable tyranny at Locres in Italy â–ª is dryuen from thence and taketh Syracuse Hanno goeth about to oppresse the coÌ„mon weale of Carthage is â—…rayed twyse and put to death Dennys deposeth
himself and flyeth to Corynthe where he lyueth a fylthie lyfe 〈◊〉 surnamed Rhodanus veweth the doynges and counselles of great Alexander â—…yeth his countrymen therof and at his returne is put to death for his labor The contentes of the. xxii Booke AGathocles ryseth from abase Degre lyke as yf it were by lowe steppes to the Kyngedome of Sycill he exerciseth great cruelty vâ—…xeth the consederates of the Carthaginenses by the sufferans oâ—… Hamilcar whose death preuenteth the secrete verdites of the Carthaginenses 〈◊〉 is veseged by Hamilcar the sonne of â—…ysgo he remoueth the war into 〈◊〉 vanquisseth the â—…arthagine whervppon the Aphres reuolâ—… vnto him he kylleth the kyng of Cy rene ouercommeth the 〈◊〉 agayn he rayseth the siege before Syracuse is receyued with a mutinie is ouercomme by vnaduisednesse forsaketh his men of warre and his children which are put to death for his sake he maketh peace with the Carthaginenses in Sycill The conteyntes of the. xxiii Boke â–ª A Gathocles maketh warre in Italy the trades and customes of the Lucanes â–ª the Originall of the Brutians the miserable eâ—…de of Agathocles the Carthaginenses inuade Sycill Pyrrhus oryueth them out râ—…turneth into Italy whervppon Sycill reuolteth he is diseomfyted by the Râ—…mayns retyreth with great losse and dishonor into his kyngdome the byrthe educacion and commendacion of Hiero. The contentes of the. xxiiii Booke THe Lacedemonians stirre the Grekes to rebellion and are ouercome by the Etolian shepeherdes the wicked and abhomi nable 〈◊〉 of Ptolomy toward his syster and her children Rome is sacked by the Frenchemen wherof some place themselfes in Italy and some in Pannokie they of 〈◊〉 rayse a power deuidyng themselfes in two hostes of which th one kylleth Ptolomy kyng of Maccdone and are suppressed by Sosthenes thother vnder the conduct of Bremso inuâ—…deth Macedone agayn ouercom meth Sosthenes spoyleth the Realme inuadeth the temple of Delphos the situacion wherof is there deseribed is vanquished with lightnyng and thunder and Bremis sleath himself The conteintes of the. xxv Boke THe Frenchemen of Pannony rayse an other power inuade Ma cedone Antigonus ouercommeth them by a pollicy the Frenchmen are so redouted that all kynges craue their aide they succor the kyng of Bythinia and deuyde his Realme with him callyng themselfes Frenchegrekes Pyrrhus expulseth Antigonus out of Macedone he maketh warre agaynst the Lacedemonians the force and hardines of Ptolomy his sonne who is slayne in the wynnyng of Lacedemon Pyrrhus is slayn at Argos the moderacion and gentlenes of Antigonus with a commendacion of the sayd Pyrrhus The contentes of the. xxvi Boke THe extreme cruelty of 〈◊〉 Tyrant of Epyre the wyse inuention of old Helematus in suppressyng of him the cruelnesse of the Frenchegrekes towardes their wyues and children whome Antigonus ouercommeth viterly dâ—…stroyeth 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 bothe of his kyngdome men of warre by Alexander the sonne of Pyrrhus kyng of Epyre Demetrius the sonne of Antigonus not onely recouereth his fathers kingdome but also spoyleth Alexander of his kyngdome of Epyre Alexander by thelpe of the 〈◊〉 and the fauour of his owne countrymen is restored to his kyngdom agayn Agas kyng of â—…yrene dyeth Demetrius the brother of Antigonus by meanes of Beronice the â—…aughter of king Agas is slayâ—… in her mothers bed The conteyntes of the. xxvii Boke SEleucus kyng of Spria putteth hys step mother Beronice her sonne to death Ptolomy kyng of Egypte in reuengemente of her death inuadeth Syria 〈◊〉 suffereth a happy ship wreke for by mâ—…anes therof for pytie and coÌ„passion the cyties that Ptolomy had obteyned râ—…uolted agayn he is vanquished in battell by Ptolomy and 〈◊〉 ayd of his brother 〈◊〉 Ptolomy maketh peace with Seleuâ—…us Antiochus warreth vppon his brother and ouercommeth him by the helpe of the Frenchgrekes who after the battell bend themselfes agaynst Antiochus and he raunsometh himself from them Eumenes kyng of Bythinia setteth vp pon Antiochus and the Frenchemen taketh the most part of Asia from them the brothers continewÌ„ still at debaâ—…e by meanes wheroâ—… they comme bothe to a misâ—…rable ende The contentes of the. xxviii Booke 〈◊〉 Quene of Epyre by the mariage of her daughter Pythia setteth variaunce betwene Demetrius kyng of Ma cedone and Antiochus kyng of Syria the proude answer of the Atolians to the Ambassadours of Rome Olympias dyeth for sorrow for the death of her two sonnes Laodomia is 〈◊〉 at the Altar of Diana 〈◊〉 dyeth Antigonus beyng left protector of the sonnes of Demetrius maketh himself kyng he subdueth the Lacedemonians wherin appereth as wel the stoutnes of the Spar tanes in aduersity as also the modeste and gentle behauiour of Antigonus in prosperitie The conteyntes of the. xxix Boke THe alteracion of the famousest kyngdomes by the succession of yong kynges Demetrius kyng of 〈◊〉 seweth to Phylippe kyng of Macedone for help agaynst the Ramaynes Philyp exhorâ—…eth the Grekes to concorde he proclaymeth open warre agaynste the Romaynes the Dâ—…rdanians inuade Macedone he maketh peace 〈◊〉 the Romapnes Phylopemenes causeth the Acheans to reuolt from him The 〈◊〉 of the. xxx Boke THe 〈◊〉 of Ptolomy kyng of Egypt Antiochus in undeth Egypt and is put to the 〈◊〉 Ptolomy geueth him self vtterly to slouth and 〈◊〉 he dyeth his concubines are hanged vp the Romaynes take the gouernance of the yong kynge the 〈◊〉 rebell agaynste Philip kyng of Macedone he desyreth peace of the Romayns a quauyng of the Sea an earthquake in Asia Philip is vanquished in battell by the Romayns and speyled of all his Dominions sauyng onely the râ—…alme of Macedone the E to lyans prouoke 〈◊〉 to warre vppon the Romayns The conteintes of the. xxxi Boke ANtiochus inuadeth the territories of the Dominion of Egypt the Romayns proclayme warre against him Nabis kyng of La cedemon subdueth many cyties in Grece y â— Romans send an Ambas sador to note Hannibals doynges in 〈◊〉 and to kyll hym he espieth their purpose and flyeth vnto Antiochus Nabis is vanquished by Flaminius after whose departure he followeth the warres agayne Hanniball is highly enterteyned by Antiochus he geueth councell how to procede in his warres agaynst the Romayns sendeth a messenger to Carthage to stirre them to rebellion the Romayns send an Ambassade to Antiochus who through their dayly conuersacion with Hannyball bryng him in the kynges displeasur who neuerthelesse sheweth his opynion of as concernyng the warres with the Romans the which is neglected antiochus is ouercomme of the Romans and taketh Hannibal into fauor agayn Han niball is put to the worse vppon the sea the magnimitie of Scipio affricanus articles of peace are propounded and by Antiochus reiected the romayns come to â—…roye Antiochus is vanquished with a great slaughter and peace geuen hym vppon the foresayd articles The conteyntes of the. xxxii Boke THe 〈◊〉 are subdued the 〈◊〉 Acheans 〈◊〉 for the souerainty Phylopemenes â—…aptayne of thacheans is is taken prysoner and poysoned by the 〈◊〉 the Mesnians are ouercomme and
them about but assone as night shoulde serue their turn to set vpō their enemies making mery without care in their tēts For conquerors could no where die more honorably then in the camp of their enemies It was no hard matter to perswade thē that wer al redy bent to die Forth with they armed them selues being but vi C. men in all brake into the cāp of v. C. M. and forthwith went vnto the kings pauilion of purpose either to die with him or elsse if they wer ouerlaid to die in especialli in his tent Al the cāp was on a rore The Lacedemonians when they could not find the king ranged through all the camp like cōquerors slaying throwing down al things as men that knew that they fought not in hope of victory but to reuēge their own death The battel was prolonged frō the beginning of the nighte vntill the more parte of the next day was spent At the last not vanquished but wery of vanquishing they fell down dead amōg the heapes of their dead ennemies Xerxes hauing receiued two iosses in battell on the land entended to try his fortune But Themistocles the captain of the Atheniens when he vnderstode that the Ion◅s in whose quarel the king of Persie made all this war wer come to the aid of the Persians with a nauy of shippes he entended to draw thē to his part if he could And because he could haue no opportunity to talke with the he caused these words to be engraued in stones set at the places wher they shuld ariue How mad are ye O ye Ionians what mischief intend you now to do purpose ye to make war against your first founders now of late your new reuengers haue we builded your wals to th entent they shuld destroy oures I put the case we had not this occasion of war firste with Darius and now with Xerxes seinge we forsoke you not when ye rebelled why do ye not come out of that siege into this our cāp Or if ye thinke ye may not do so without danger when the battel shal be ioyned step you aside draw back your ships depart out of the battel Before they shuld encoūter vpon the sea Xerxes had sent iiii M. men to Delphos to spoil the tēple of apollo as though he had made warre not only with the Grekes but euen with the gods immortal which bād of men was vtterly destroid with tempest lightnynge to th entent he might vnderstande that the more that God is wroth displesed with man the lesse power or rather none at all hath man against god After this he burned the cities of Thespie Plate Athens but ther wer no men in them because he could not haue the men to kil in his displesure he wreked his teme vpon their houses For the Athenies after the battel of Barathon by the counsell of Themistocles which gaue the warning that victory won of the Persians was not at end but rather a cause of greater warre made them a flcte of two hundred shippes Therfore when Xerxes was comming toward them they asked counsell of the Oracle at Delphos wher it was aunswered that they must prouide for their sauegard in wodden walles Themistocles deming it to be spoken and ment of shippes perswaded all the people that their Countrye was not the walles but the men and that the Citye was not the houses and buildinges but the Citizens and inhabitauntes Wherfore it was better for them and more for theyr safegard to betake them selues to shippes then to abyde in the towne whervnto God himself semed to counsel them The counsell was well liked and thervpon abandoning the Citye they conueyed their wiues and children with all theyr preciousest stuffe and iewels into secrete Ilands and there bestowed them in safety whiche beinge doone they armed them selues and tooke shipping Other Cities also folowed the example of the Atheniens Therfore when all the whole fiete of their complices and parrakers were assembled together in the narow seas by the I le of Salamine to th entent they mighte not be enclosed of Xerxes greate multitude as they were consulting how to maintaine the warres vpon the sea sodenly sprang a variaunce betwene the princes of the Cities euery man deuising how to breake vp priuely to steale home to defend his own Themistocies fearing least by the departure of his Companions his strength shoulde be abated sent woorde vnto Xerxes by a trustye seruaunte that now was the time that he myght easly take al Grece together in one place wheras if euery man were dispersed home to his owne Citye as they wer about to doo it shuld be more to his paine to pursue them one by one Thorough this pollicy he caused the king to geue a sign of battel The Grekes also being preuented with thapproche of their ene mies layed their power together ioyned battell During the time of thencounter the king as a loker on no medler with certaine shippes lay still at the roode But Artemysia the Queene of Halicarnassus whyche came to the ayde of Xerxes foughte fierslye euen amonge the formest Captayne in the battell So that as in Xerxes was to be sene a kinde of femine fearfulnesse so in her was to be seene the kynde of manlye couragiousnesse In the whottest of the battell the Ionians according to the commaundement of Themistocles began by litle and litle to withdraw them selues out of the prease Whose departure discouraged al the rest The Per sians loking about which way to eskape were put out of a ray sone after being vanquished were put to open flight In the whiche discomfiture manye shippes were drowned and many were taken But mo fearing more the kinges cruelty then their ennemy stale away and went home The king Xerxes beinge striken in great feare by reason of this slaughter and knowing not what to do Mardonius cam vnto him counselling him to depart into his kingdōe with as muche spede as might be least the brute of the discomfiture might cause any insurrection or he cam there which commonly is wont to make more of thinges then they be in dede Leauing him 0000. thousand of the tallest men picked souldiers of all his host with the which company he promised either to his great honour to subdue al Grece or if it were his misfortune to be ouercome he woulde wythout infamy or dishonor to his Maiesty geue place to his ennemies The counsel of Mardonius was well allowed Whervpon the said nomber of men wer to him deliuered and the remnaunt of his hoste the king him selfe purposed to conuey home again But the Grekes hearing of the kinges flight consulted together to breake the bridge whyche he as Lord of the sea had made at Abydus to the entent that his passage being cut of he might either with his army be vtterlye destroyed or elsse be brought to suche an exigent that as clerely ouercome
and that it was hys chaunce to be better entreated of his ennemy then of hys owne kin For wheras his enemy had geuen his wyfe and children life his kinsfolk to whome he had geuen both lyfe and kingdoms had vnnaturally bereft him of his life For the which his doinges he rendred him suche thankes as he himself hauing the victory listeth to accept This onlye one thing which lay in his power to do for him nowe lyinge at the poynt of death would he do for Alexander as inrecom pence of his good turnes that is to pray to the powers celestiall and the powers infernall and the Gods of kinges to geue him victory and dominion of the whole worlde As for himself he desired nothing but that it might be his plesure to graunte him buriall as of righte he oughte to haue without grudge And as touching the reuengement of hys death it was now no parte of his care but for exāples sake the common case of all kinges the whiche to neglecte as it should be dishonorable to him so might it turne to hys vtter perill For on the one part this case concerneth his Iustice and on the other it toucheth his owne vtility and profit In token wherof as an only pledge of the faith and honor of a king he gaue his right hand to cary vnto Alexander At those words he stretched out his hand and gaue vp the goste The which when Alexander hard of he came to see his body as he lay dead and he wept to beholde so worthye an estate come vnto so vnworthye a death Wherfore he caused his body to be entred with all solempnitye like a kinge and his reliques to be conueyed into the Sepulthres of his auncestoures The twelfthe Booke ALexander bestowed great cost in buryinge of his souldiours that were slaine in pursuing Darius to the residue of his companye he departed wyth xv M. talēts The greater part of his horses was foundred with heat and such as remained were able to do no seruice The whole summe of the mony gotten alate by this victory was a hundred and thre and fifty thousand talents wherof Parmcnio was made treasurer Whyle theese things wer a doinges letters were brought from Antipater out of Macedone the tenor wherof contained y ◠wartes of Agis king of the Spartans in Grece of Alexander king of Epire in Italy and of his lieuetenaunt Sopyron in Scithia The which made him somewhat to muse Neuerthelesse when he had wel disgested the natures of the ii kings his enuiers he was more glad of the losse of them then sorye for the losse of his armye and his captaine Sopiryon For after that Alexander had taken his iourney almoos◅e all Grece fell to rebellion in hope to recouer their liberty ensuinge the ensample of the Lacedemonians whyche alonelye forsooke the peace and despised the orders taken bothe by Phillip and Alexander Captaine and ringleader of thys Commotion was Agis kinge of the Lacedemonians The whiche tumulte Antipater suppressed with suche power as he had raised euen in the very risinge therof Yet notwithstandinge there was great slaughter on both partes King Agis when he saw his mē put to flight to the entent that all be it he coulde not haue as good fortune as Alexander he mighte not seeme inferioure to him in courage sent awaye his garde and him selfe alone made suche slaughter of his ennemies that sometime he put to flyghte whole bandes at ones At the laste althoughe he were oppressed by the multitude yet he wan the glory and renoun from them all Furthermore Alexāder king of Epyre being set into Italy for to aid the Tarentines against the Brutianes toke y ◠viage vppon him with so good a will as thoughe the whole worlde should haue beene deuided and that Alexander the sonne of his sister Olympias shoulde haue had the East for his part and himself the West entendinge to haue no lesse a doo in Italy Affrike and Sicil then the other shuld haue to do in Asia amonge the Persians And besides thys lyke as the Oracle at Delphos had prophesied vnto great Alexander that his destruction shuld be wrought in Macedone euen so the Oracle of Iupiter of Dodone had told this Alexander that the city Pandose and the riuer acheruse shoulde be his fatall end Nowe for as much as bothe of them were in Epyre not knowing that they were in Italy also to th entent to auoyd the daunger of his desteny he gladly enterprysed warre in a straunge land Therfore when he came into Italye the firste warre that he had was with the Appulians but when he vnderstode the destenies of their City he entred a leage and amity with their king For at that time the head City of Appulia was Brunduse the which was founded by the Aetolians vnder the conducte of Dyomedes that famous captaine for hys renowmed actes at the battell of Troye But being expulsed by thappulians they asked counsell of the Oracles Where answer was made that they shoulde possesse the place that they required for euer Here vppon they required thappulians by their ambassadors to render their Citye againe or elsse they threatned to make sharpe warre vpon them The Appulians hauynge knowledge of the answer of the Oracle slew the ambassadoures and bucied them in the Citye there to haue their dwellinge for euer and so hauing dispatched the meaninge of the Oracle they enioyed the City a great time The which dede when Alexander of Epyre knew of for reuerēce to the destinies of so long continuaunce he made no more warre to the Appulians Then made he warre with the Brutians and Lucanes won many cities of theirs Also he concluded a peace and frendship with the Metapontines Rutilians and Romains But the Brutians and Lucanes hauing gotten hope of their neighbors fiersly renewed the warres againe There the king neare vnto the citye Pandose and the riuer Acheruse was wounded to deathe not knowing the name of his fatall place besore he was slaine and when he should die he perceiued that in his own country was no nead for him to fear death for the whiche cause he had forsaken his countrye The Tyrians raunsomed his body at the charges of their city and buried it honorably While these things wer in doing in Italy Zopyrion also whome Alexander the great had lefte president of Pontus thinking himself dishonored if he laye still and attempted nothinge raised an army of xxx M. souldiers and made war to the Scythians Where being ◅aine wythal his hoste he suffred due punishment for making war so rashly againste an vnhurtfull kinde of people When tidinges of these thinges were brought vnto Alexander into Parthia he made himself very sory for the death of his cosen Alexāder and commaunded al his host to morne for him by the space of iii. daies After this as though the warre had ben ended in the death of Darius when all men loked to returne into their
his losses semed euer to be made more terrible to them Finally at the length he was not vanquished as an enemie but in his oldeage leauyng his 〈◊〉 to be his heire he dispatched himselfe by wilfull death in his owne kyng dome where his auncesters had raygned of long continuance The very wonders of heauen dyd prognosticate what a great man he shoulde be for bothe the same yet â–ª that he was borne and the same yere he firste began his reygne there appered by the space of threskore and tenne dayes at both tymes suche a blasyng starre that all the skye semed to be on fyre For it was so bygge that it occupied a quarter of the heauen it was so brighte that it blemished the light of the Sunne when it rose or went doune it consumed fower howers at eche tyme. When he was a chylde his owne Gouernours wente about to destroy hym settyng hym vppon a rough horse and compellyng him to lern to ryde and to torney The which attempt followyng not their myndes as they woulde haue had the yong Prince Mythridates rulyng the horse better then was loked for in one of his age they assayed him with poyson The which he standyng in doubt of before dronke tryacle oftentymes by meanes whereof he so stayed his bodie with tryed and exquisite medicines that when he was olde he would haue poysoned himselfe and coulde not After this fearyng least his enemies woulde compasse the thyng by weapon which they could not doe by venim he couÌ„terfeyted a desyre of huntyng whervppon by the space of fower yeres he came not vnder anie roofe eyther of house in the Cytie or cotage in the countrie but wandered vp and doune the forestes and woods rested the night time in the mountayns sometime one where and sometime another no man knowyng where was his haunt enuryng himself eyther to chase or to pursue the wylde beastes on foote and with some of them to encounter with playne force By meanes whereof he both auoyded all treason and also hardened his bodie to abyde all kynde of trauell and exercyse Afterward when he came to take the kâ—…gdome vppon him immediatlie he set his mynde not so muche of gouernyng as of enlargyng thesame Therefore he maruelous fortunately subdewed and brought in subiection the Sâ—…ythians who before that day were neuer conquered whiche had vtterlie destroyed Zopyron the Capitayne of greate Alexander with thirtie thousand armed men whiche had slayne Cyrus kyng of Persia with two hundred thousand men of warre and which had put to flyght Philyp kyng of Macedones Being thus encreased in strength he conquered Pontus and consequentlie Cappadocia Then with certayn of his frendes he went secretly disguysed out of his owne kyngdome without knowledge of anie man and wanderyng through Asia vewed the situacion of all the Cyties and Prouynces of the same From thence he trauayled ouer Bythinia and as though he had ben alreadie Lorde of Asia he deuised all thynges that might helpe to fâ—…rther him toward his conquest After this when all men beleued he had ben dead he returned home into his own Realme where he found a lytle sonne whome Laodice his syster and wyfe had brought him forth in his absence But in the myddes of the ioye that was made for his returne and for the birth of his chyld he was in daun ger to be poysoned For his syster Laodice beleuyng him to be dead and therevppon abusyng her bodye with his frendes as though the might haue hydden her offence by committyng of a greater cryme prepared a cuppe with poyson to welcome him home withall Wherof Mythridates hauyng intelligence by a Damosell punished the offence vppon the deuisers thereof After when wynter drew nigh he spent not the time in feastyng but in fâ—…ates of armes not in 〈◊〉 but in exercise not amoÌ„g carpet knights but eyther in yoâ—…sting and tournying in runnyng on foote or on horsebacke or els in wrestlyng and tryal of strength among his pâ—…res Also he daylie enured his men of warre by lyâ—…e exercyse to abyde labor and trauell as well as himself by meanâ—…s wherof as he was iâ—…incible himself so made he his host inuincible also Then he entred in league with Nicomedes and inuaded Paphlagonia the which he conquered and parted it with his companyon When woorde was brought to the Senate that these kyngs had subdued the countrie they sent Ambassadours to them both coÌ„maun dyng them to set it in the lyke estate as they found it My thridates thinkyng himself nowe able ynough to matche the puissaunce of the Romayns answered proudelie that the kyngdome was his fathers by inheritaunce and that he maruayled they should make alteration with him for it hauyng not done the lyke to his father Moreouer he set so lyght by their Manaces that he inuaded Galatia also Nicomedes for asmuch as he was not able to make his partie good by anie tytle answered he woulde surrender it to the rightfull kyng and so chaungyng the name of his owne sonne he called him Phylomenes by the name of the kyngs of Paphlagonia by which conueyance vnder a counterfect name he helde still the kyngdome as though he had restored it to the right heire The Romayne Ambassadoures beyng thus had in derision returned to Rome with a mocke Morrouer he sent his wyfe Laodice to Rome to testifye that she haâ—…e tâ—…ree sonnes by Ariarathes The which thyng when Mithridates knew of he also with lyke impudent vnshamefastnesse sent Gordius vnto Rome to auouche before the Senate that the chylde to whome he had deluded the kyngdome of Cappadocia was the sonne of the same Ariarathes whiche in the quarell of the Romaynes was slayne in the battell agaynst Aristouicus But the Senate vnderstandyng the meanyng and endeuour of both the kynges wold not gene other mens kingdoms to vsurpers that tooke wrong names vppon them Whereupon they tooke Cappadocia from Mithrydates and to comfort him withall they toke Paphlagonia from Nicomedes And to th entent it should not seme they wold take any thynges from the kynges in despight of them to bestowe it vppon others bothe the Nacions were seâ—…at at free lybertie But the Cappadocians refusyng the gyfte of lyâ—…ertie sayd that their countrie could not liue without a kyng Whervppon Ariobarzanes was appointed by the Senate to be their kyng There was at the same tyme one Tygranes king of Armenia kept in hostage not long before by the Parthâ—…aÌ„s and now lately remitted by them into his fathers kyngdome Hym dyd Mithridates couet to allure to take his part in the warres that he had of loÌ„g tyme purposed agaynst the Romaynes Wherfore by the meanes of Gordius he persâ—…ded him as one that knew not what it was to displease the Romaynes to make war vppon Ariobarzanes who was a very cowarde And to th entent it shoulde not seme be dyd it for anye cautele or pollicy he gaue him his daughter Cleopatra in mariage At the fyrst
of the Mares of the great number of the races of the which in Gallice and Portyngale there are such store to be sene those so swift that not without good cause thei may seme to be conceyued by the wynde The Gallictans alledge themselfs to be Grekes by descent For after th end of the battell of Troy â–ª they say that Teucer beyng hated of his father Telamon for the death of his brother Ayax ther vppon not permitted to enter into his Realme departed to Cyprus there buylded a Cytie which he named Sala mine after the name of his natif countrie that he came fro Where hearyng of the decease of his father he returned to his countrie agayn but beyng prohibited from arri uall by Eurysaces the sonne of Ayax he arriued in Spain and toke the ground wher new Carthage standeth now From whence he remoued to Gallice ther placing himself his gaue the countrie that name For a porcion of Gallice are called 〈◊〉 a contrie moste plentifull of brasse and lead and of Uermilion which also gaue the name to the ryuer thereby Furthermore it is moste riche of Golde insomuche that diuerse tymes they ere vp cloddes of golde with the ploughe In the borders of this Countrie there is a holy hill the which it is not lawful to cut with anie yron But yf it chaunce that the earth is bro ken with thunder lightning which is a coÌ„mon thyng in those places they are permitted to gather vp the gold as a gift of God The womeÌ„ haue all the doyng in houskeping and husbandrie the men geue themselfs to warre robbyng They haue the hardest yroÌ„ that is but yet their wa ter is of more force then the yron for by temperyng y â— metall there with it is made tougher sharper neyther dooe they count any weapon good that is nor dypped eyther 〈◊〉 the riuer Bilbo or in the riuer Chalybs Wher vpon the people y â— dwell about the sayd riuer are called Chalybes are reported to haue the best yron of all others In the playnes of the Tartesians where it is reported that the Tytanes made warre 〈◊〉 the Goddes dwelled some tyme the Curettes an auncient kyng of the which people named Gargoris fyrst inueÌ„ted the maner to gather hony This man perceiuyng that his daughter had played the miswoman for shame of her wicked dede atteÌ„pted diuers wayes to haue destroyed the chylde But through good for tune he was preserued from al those daungers and at the length for coÌ„passion of so many perils was created kyng Fyrst of all wheÌ„ he had coÌ„maunded him to be cast away certayn dayes after hadde sent to seke his bodie he was found nourished with the milke of sundrie wylde beastes Secondlie when he was brought home he commaunded him to be layd in a narrow path where cattell wer wont to go through surelie he was verie cruell that wold haue his nephewe rather troden to death then simply kylled There also perceiuyng he lay vnhurt not vnfed he caâ—… sed him to be cast fyrst to hungry dogges that he â—…adde pyned from meate many dayes before for the nones afterwardes also to Swyne Finally when they not onely dyd him no harme but also some of them gaue him sucke last of all he had throwe him into the sea Then as it were by the open and manifest prouidence of God among the ragyng sourges and the wallowyng waues as though he had ben â—…aried in a ship and not in the streame the calme sea bare him vp aloâ—…t brought him softlie to shore By and by came a hynde and gaue him sucke Wherevppoâ—… by kepyng companie with his nourice the childe became excedyng swift of foote kept in the mountaynes and forestes among the herdes of red dere as swift a fote as the wightest of them At the lengthe beynge ouerthrowen in a toyle taken he was presented to the kyng for a gift Ther by reason of his stature makyng wherin he much resembled the kyng by certayn markes that wer groweÌ„ in the chylde from his byrth the kyng knew him to be his nephâ—…w And bycause he hadde so wonderfullie escaped so many perillous chaunces he proclaymed him heyre successor of his kingdome His name was called 〈◊〉 who after that he had taken the crowne vppon him became a Prince of such Maiesty that men thoght it was not for no thyng that he was so preserued by the prouidence God froÌ„ so many perilles For he fyrst ordeyned lawes to kepe the sauage people in good order conuersacion one with another He fyrst taught them to breake oxen to the ploughe and to tyll so we the ground he fyrst for 〈◊〉 of such thynges as he had suffered himself caused men to for sake their 〈◊〉 meates to fede vpon better The chan ces of this man might seme to be but a fable yf the buylders of Rome had not ben nourished by a wolfe and Cyrus kyng of Persia nourished of a bytch This maÌ„ forbad the people all seruill occupacions diuided the commons into sâ—…uen cities After the death of Habis the kyngdome remayned in his posteritie itie many hundred yeres In another part of Spayn which consisteth of Isles GerioÌ„ was kyng in the which part there is so great plentie of swete pasture that onles the cattell were kept hungry and not suffered to fede their fyll their bellies wold brust In the same place wer the cattel of Gerion wherin at those daies mens substaunce did chiefly consyst which wer of so great fame that Hercules allured with the richnes of the botie came out of Asia thither Moreouer GerioÌ„ was not triple as the fables report but three brothers which accorded so frendly one with another y â— it semed as though one soule one mynde ruled theÌ„ all thre Neyther dyd they of they re owne motion make warre vpon Hercules but wheÌ„ they sawe their cattell driuen away they soughte with him for the recouering of theÌ„ After that y â— kings ceased in Spain the Carthaginenses fyrst toke vpoÌ„ theÌ„ the Dominion and rule of the contrie For when the Gaditanes coÌ„maunded so to doe in a dreame had brought from Tyrus out of the which Cytie the Carthaginenses hadde also their begynnyng the sacred Ceremonies of Hercules into Spayn there builded a cytie throughâ—… the malice of the people of Spain their next neybors enuying theÌ„creasment of their new city thervpoÌ„ infestyng the Gaditanes with warre they sent to their kynsmen the Carthaginenses for helpe Who hauyng a prosperous iourney bothe defended the Gaditanes from takyng wrong also subdued the more part of the countrie vnder their dominiâ—…n Afterward also encouraged by the fortunate successe of their fyrst viage they sent Hamilcar as granndcapitayn with a great host to coÌ„quer the whole Realme Who hauyng atcheued many hault enterprises whiles he followed his good lucke without aduisemeÌ„t was
is no more abased thereby then should the vertue of a precious stone by settyng it in brasse or yron or by carying it in a closur of Leather If any errours haue escaped me in the doyng herof as I doe not thynke but that some thynges worthie to be corrected may haue escaped my hande I desyre the lerned Reader as well to admonishe me frendly of myne errour as also to put his helpyng hand to thamendmeÌ„t of the same In doyng wherof as he shal greatly benefyte others so let him assure himself he cannot doe me a greater pleasure nor a higher frendshippe And thus wishyng that my trauell and labour in doyng hereof may turne to thy commoditie and profyte I bid the Fare well The Succession of the kinges of the three Monarchies mencioned in this Booke taken out of 〈◊〉 Berosus and Megasthenes ¶ The first Monarchie of 〈◊〉 1. NInus the Son of 〈◊〉 Belus the first Emperour of Assiâ—…ia reigned 〈◊〉 yeres 2. 〈◊〉 wyfe of the sayo Ninus 〈◊〉 yeres 3 〈◊〉 Nineas other wise cal led 〈◊〉 sonne of the foresaid Ninus and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yeres 4 Artus xxx yeres 5 Aralius xl yeres 6 Baleus 〈◊〉 xxx yeres 7 〈◊〉 xxxvlii yeres 8 Belothus the priest of Baal xxxv yeres 9 Baleus lii yeres 10 〈◊〉 xxxii yeres 11 Mamytus xxx yeres 12 Manealeus xxx yeres 13 Sterus or Pherus xx yeres 14 〈◊〉 xxx yeres 15 〈◊〉 xl yeres 16 Ascatades xl yeres 17 〈◊〉 xlv yeres 18 Belothus xxv yeres 19 Bellopares xxx yeres 20 Lamprydes xxxii yeres 21 Sosares xx yeres 22 Lampares xxx yeres 23 〈◊〉 xiv yeres 24 〈◊〉 xix yeres 25 Mytreus xxvii yeres 26 Tautanes xxxii yeres 27 Tautens xl yeres 28 Tineus xxx yeres 29 Dercilius xl yeres 30 Eupalus xxxviii yeres 31 〈◊〉 xlv yeâ—…es 32 〈◊〉 xxx yeres 33 Ophrateus â–ª xx yeres 34 Ophratanes l. 〈◊〉 35 Ocrasapes xlii yeres 36 Tonos Concoleros at Sarâ—…a napolis xx yeres This Empyre continued M. C C. xxix yeres The second Monarchie of the Medians and Persianâ—… The Medee 1 〈◊〉 xxviii yeres 2 Mandanes l. yeres 3 Sosarmon xxx yeres 4 〈◊〉 â–ª l. yeres 5 〈◊〉 xxii yeres 6 Arcens xl yeres 7 Artines xxii yeres 8 Astybares xx yeres 9 Astyages xxx yeres The kynges of Mâ—…dia held the Empyre Clxxxxii yeres The Persians 1 â—…yrus xxx yeres 2 〈◊〉 vii yâ—…res v. 〈◊〉 3 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…pers vii 〈◊〉 4 Darius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 5 〈◊〉 xx 〈◊〉 6 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vii monthes 7 〈◊〉 loÌ„gimanus xl 〈◊〉 8 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 9 〈◊〉 viii 〈◊〉 10 Darius the 〈◊〉 xix yeres 11 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â–ª xl 〈◊〉 12 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yeres 13 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yeres 14 〈◊〉 the sonâ—…e of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Codoâ—… vi yeres The kynges of Persia held Thempyrs CC. xxx yeres and. v. monthes The seconde Monarchie of the Medes and Persians endured 〈◊〉 yeres v. months The third Monarchie of the Macedones 1. AlexaÌ„der the great after whose death his kyngdome was â—…ded among his noble meÌ„ xii yâ—… 2. Aridens vii yeres 3. Cassander xviii yeres 4 Antipater AlexaÌ„d iiii yeres 5 Demetrius vi yeres 6 Pyâ—…rhus vi monthes 7 Lysimachus v. yeres 8 Ptolomeus Ceramicus i. yere 9 〈◊〉 ii months 10 Antipater 〈◊〉 yere 11 Sosthenes ii yeres 12 Antigonus 〈◊〉 xxxvi ye 13 〈◊〉 x. yeres 14 Antigonus xv yeres 15 Phylip. xlii yeres 16 Perses the last kyng x. yeres Th eÌ„pyre of Macedone lasteth with Alexander 〈◊〉 yeres viii montheâ—… The kynges of Asia Antigonus xviii yeres Demetrius 〈◊〉 xvii ye The kynges of Syria 〈◊〉 Nicanor xxxii yer The kynges of Syria and Asia Antiochus Soter xliiii yeres Antiochus Theos xv yeres Sileucus callinicus xx yeres 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 iii. yeres Antiochus the greaâ—…e xxxvi 〈◊〉 Seleucus 〈◊〉 xii yeres 〈◊〉 Epiphanes xi yeres 〈◊〉 Eupater ii yeres 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 xxii yeres Alexander x. yeres 〈◊〉 iii. yeres 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ix yeres 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 iiii yeres Antiochus 〈◊〉 xxi yeres Anciochus 〈◊〉 xviii yer Phylyppe ii yeres The kyngdome of Syria endured 〈◊〉 lxxxix 〈◊〉 The kynges of Egypt Ptolomeus the son of Lagus xl ys Ptolomeus 〈◊〉 hus lviii y Ptolomeus Euergetes xxvi yer Ptolomeus Philopater xvii yeres Ptolomeus Epiphanes xxiiii yer Ptolomeus 〈◊〉 xx yeres Ptolomeus phiscoÌ„ al. 〈◊〉 xvii y. 〈◊〉 Alexander x. yeres Ptolomeus Lathyrus viii 〈◊〉 Ptolomeus 〈◊〉 xxx 〈◊〉 Cleopatra xxii yeres Th empyre of Egypt 〈◊〉 after Alexander 〈◊〉 lxxxviii yeres The Monarchie of Alexander continued in altogyther 〈◊〉 yeres FINIS The Contentes of the. xliiii Bookes of Iustine The contentes of the syrst Booke NInus layeth the â—…ondacion of the Monarchie of Assyria 〈◊〉 conterfayteth herself to be a man buildeth Babylon conquereth Ethiope 〈◊〉 warre against Inde and is slayne by her son Ninus Saâ—… danapolis is deposed for his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and with his lyfe endeth th empyre of Assyria Arbactus translateth th empyre to the Medes 〈◊〉 causeth Cyrus to be cast away as sone as he is borne he is 〈◊〉 by the prouideÌ„ce of God Harpagus loseth his sonne for the same Syrus ouercoÌ„mâ—… 〈◊〉 ges and translateth th empyre from the Medes to the Persians Babylon rebelleth and is subdued Cresus is taken prisoner hys realâ—…e brought to miserable subieccion Candaules throughe his owne â—…oliy is slayne by Gyges who enioyeth the kingdome for his 〈◊〉 Cyrus with two huÌ„dred thouand Persians is slayn by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Massagettes His 〈◊〉 cambyses succedeth he conqueâ—…h Egypt commaundeth his brother Sinerdes to be murdâ—… and is slayne with his owne sworde Comaris 〈◊〉 stes 〈◊〉 Orthanes boutteth out their treason Seuen of the noble men consâ—…e their deathes Darius is made king by the neyng of his horse he 〈◊〉 kyng Cyrus daughter recouereth Babylon by the helpe of 〈◊〉 and prepareth warre agaynst the Scithians The contentes of the second Boke THe Scyâ—…thians and Egyptians contende for thantiquitie of their countries The descriptâ—…on of 〈◊〉 with the maners and customes of the people their fortunate enterprises the Empyres founded by them Plynos and Scolopythus are dryuen out of Scythia with a great number of youthe and are slayne by a 〈◊〉 their wifes reueng their deathes and set vp th empyre of â—…mazone The maners and customes of the Amazones the succession of 〈◊〉 Quenes of Amazonie Hercules exchaâ—…geth Menalyppe for the Quenes arâ—…or Penthesilea coydeth the Troyans agaynst the Grekes Thalestris hauyng obtayned the companie of great Alexander returneth and dyeth â–ª with whome the name of Amazons de cayeth The Scythians are receyued wiâ—…h warre by their â—…men Darius warreth vppon them and flyeth shametully he coÌ„quereth Asia and Macedone and vendeth himself agaynst the Atheniens Thoriginall of Thatheâ—…ens their inâ—…utions the succession of their kynges the chaunge of their gouernment the â—…wes of Soâ—…on and his pollicie Pysistratus vsurpeth Hyppias is deposed and flyeth to Darius the notable battell of Marathon wherin Hippias is slayn Darius dyeth Xerxes succedeth he reneweth the warres agaynst Greâ—… and is ouercome the notable prowesse of Leonidas Xerxes retyreth fearfully and dishonorablye
y â— Alexander came to visit coÌ„fort when they saw the harnessed men they embraced one another made great lamentation as though they shuld haue died by and by Then they fel flat at Alexanders fete beseching him not for pardon of their liues but only respite of their deathes for a time to th entent they might bury Darius body Alexander being moued with pity at the tender affection of the women told theÌ„ that Darius was yet aliue and bad them be of good comfort for they shuld not die coÌ„maunding that they shuld be estemed as Quenes so to be called Furthermore he willed Darius daughters to trust to him that he would see them bestowed in mariage to no persons of baser estate then was for their fathers honor After this when he saw Darius richesse his precious orna ments his iewels and apparel they were so muche that he wondred to behold them Then began he first to make riotous bankets sumptuous feastes then began he for her beauty and fauor to fall in loue with one of his prisonners called Bersine of whom afterward he begat a sonne whom he named Hercules Notwithstandinge remembringe that Darius was yet a liue he sente Parmenio to inuade the Persian flete and other of his frendes to receiue the Cityes of Asia Which hearing of his great victory came with their lieuetenaunts that were appoynted by Darius who with a greate summe of golde yelded them selues vnto the conqueror and submitted them selues vnder his subiection Then set he forward into Syria wher he met with many kings of the East with crownes on their heads Of whom as eche of them had deserued some he toke into fauor and some he deposed setting vp kings in their steads Amongst all other Abdlominus whom Alexander made king of Sydon is worthy to be spokeÌ„ of Him wheras before time he was wont to be hired to cast ponds and water gardens leadyng his life miserably Alexander created king setting aside the noble men least for their birth linage they might rather haue semed to chalenge it of duty and not accept it as a fre gift The citezens of Tyre sent their ambassadoures wyth a crown of gold of great waighte vnto Alexander for ioye of his good successe who thankfully acceptinge their present said he wolde go to Tyre to performe his vowes to Hercules Thambassadors said he might do that better in olde Tyre in the old temple desiring he wold not enter into the new towne Wherat he toke so sore displeasure that he threatned to destroy the citye and there vpon forthwith he brought his army to the Iland whome the couragious Tyrians for the trust they had in the Carthaginenses entertained with battel For thexample of Dydo greatly encoraged the Tyrians who after that she had builded Carthage conquered the thirde parte of the worlde Thinkinge that it were a foule shame for them if their women shuld haue more hartes in conquering then they had in defending of their liberty Wherfore they sent away all such as wer not mete for the warres to Carthage and brought succors in their stâ—…ad Neuerthelesse ere long time after they wer surprised taken by treson Here vpon Alexander receiued the Rhodes Egipt and Cilicia without any stroke striking Then tooke he hys iourny to Iupiter 〈◊〉 of purpose to enquire of the chaÌ„ce of thinges to come and as concerning his own birthe For his mother Olympias confessed to Philip her husbande that she conceiued not Alexander by him but by a Serpente of wonderful bignesse And Philip him selfe a little before he died did openlye report that he was not his sonne Uppon which cause as though he had known her to haue plaid the miswoman he put away Olympias Alexander therfore be ing desirous to fetch his pedegre from God and also to deliuer his mother from slaunder of the world sent messengers priuelv before to the priestes to geue them instructions what answer he would haue them make Assone as he entred into the temple the prelates saluted him by y e name of the sonne of Hammon He being glad of this adoption of the God gaue commaundement that all men shoulde take him for his father Then he demaunded whether he had punished all suche as were gilty of the murderinge of hys father or no. They made him answer that his father could neither be killed nor die but as for the death of king Phillip he had sufficiently punished all the doers therof To his third demaund they answered that he shuld get the vpper hand in all battels and shoulde be owner of all the whole worlde To suche also as attended vppon him they gaue charge to honor Alexander as a God and not as a kyng Herevpon he grew to suche an hautinesse and so wonderful an arrogancy was rooted in his stomacke that the gentlenesse which he had learned by the literature of y â— grekes and the enstructions of the Macedones was quite rased out of his thought As he returned froÌ„ HaÌ„mon he builded AlexaÌ„diâ—…a and peopled it with Macedones ordeining it to be the hed city of Egipt Darius being eskaped to Babilon sent his letters to Alexander desiring him of liberty to ransome the women that wer his prisoners and for their raunsom he profered him a great sum of mony Howbeit Alexander would not take a piece of mony for their ransome but the whole kingdome Within a while after came a nother letter froÌ„ Darius to Alexander wherin he proferred him one of his daughters in mariage a portion of his kingdoÌ„ Alexander wrot vnto him again y â— those things that he offred him wer hys own alredy wherfore he willed him to come submit himself to put thordering of his kingdom to the discretion of his so uerain Then being past al hope of peace Darius adressed himself again to the warres and with 40000 fotemen a 10000. horsmen marched toward Alexander In his iourny newes was brought him that his wife was departed of de liuerance of a childe before her time and that Alexander wept for her death and also followed courteously after her corse to burial the which thing he had done not for that he was in loue with her but only for curtesy and humanities sake For he neuer saw her but ones in all his life wheras he wold ofteÌ„times visit his mother his litle daughters to coÌ„fort them Then Darius thinking himself clerely vaÌ„qui shed seing y â— after so many battels his enemy had ouercom him With kindnesse also thought it did him good sythe he could not get thupper hand y â— it was his chance to be vanquished of so worthy a conqueror Wherfore he wrate the iii. letter vnto him geuing him thankes y â— he had not shewed any extremity against his prisonners Offring hym the greater part of his kingdom euen vnto the riuer Eufrales with a nother of his daughters to wife and for the reast
into his handes Emnenes hearing of this practise attempted wyth a few to eskape by flight But being set backe againe seynge no hope of recouery as the multitude flocked aboute him he made request that he might yet ones ere he dyed speke vnto his army Being willed to say his minde when â—…lence was made and his bondes losed â–ª he stretched forthe his hande fettered as he was and shewed it them saying Beholde my souldiours the apparel and ornaments of your captaine whyche none of his enemies hath put vppon him For that were a comfort to him But euen you your selues you haue made me of a conqueror a vaÌ„quished persoÌ„ you haue made me of a captain a captiue four times within this twelue month you haue sworn to be true to me but I will let that passe For it is not mete for â—…en in aduersity to vpbraid others This only one thing I require at your hands that if Antigenus be so fullye bent to take my heade from me as in whose death al his affaires and purposes shuld be finished you wil let me die among you For I am sure he cares not after what sort or where I die so I be dead neyther doo I passe greatly for my life so I might be deliuered froÌ„ thys slaunderous death If you will graunt me this request I discharge you of your othe wherby you haue bound your selues so often vnto me Or if ye be ashamed to slea me your selues then reach me a weapon and geue me leaue to do that thing for you without conscience of breaking of your othe which you haue sworne so oftentimes to do for your captain When he saw he coulde not obtaine his request he left intreatance and fel to anger Now the Gods quod he the iust reuenger of periury looke vpon you you false forsworne kaitiues and geue such endes vnto you as you haue geuen vnto your captaines For it is not longe a go since you polluted your selues with the bloude of Perdicas practising to haue done the like with Antipater yea and that that is worst of all you oftentimes troubled euen Alexander himself with your seditions and mutinies doing your best to haue slain him if it had beene possyble for him to haue died of mannes hand And nowe I laste of all whiche shal be offered as a sacrifice by you false forsworne wretches do pray God that these curses maye lighte vpon you that being beggers and outlawes you may spend all your life time in this warfare like banished people neuer to retourne to your country againe and your owne weapons deuour you with the which you haue consumed mo captaines of your owne then of your ennemies This spoken in a greate rage and anger he commaunded hys keners to go before him to Antigonus campe The army fâ—…lowed after to betray their own captain and he being prisoner led as it were a triumphe of him self vnto the camp of his conquerour Deliuering vp into the conqueroures handes both them selues and all the antesignes of kynge Alexander together with the honour and renowne of so many conquestes And for because there shoulde want no pompe the Elephantes also and the suc câ—…urs of the East folowed after So much more glorious wer these thinges to Antigonus then vnto Alex ander all the conquests he atcheued in that where as Alexander conquered the East Antigonus ouercame them by whom the East was conque red Antigonus therfore dispersed those conquerours of the world into his host making restitution vnto them of such things as he had takeÌ„â—…m them at the time of their ouer throw And for because he had in times past had familyer acquaintaunce frendship with Emnenes he would not for shame suffer him to come in his sight but assigned him ii kepers In the mean season Eurydice the wife of king aride us vnderstanding that Polyperchon was retourninge out of Grece into Macedone and that he had set for Olympias being thervpon striken with womanly malice abusyng y â— weaknes of her husband whose office authority she toke vpon her wrate to Polypercbon in the kings name that he should deliuer vp the host to Cassander as into whose hand the king had put the whole order and gouernment of the Empire The like coÌ„maundement she sent also to antigonus into asia By which benefite Cassander being bound vnto her did euery thing after her rash vnaâ—… uised coÌ„maâ—…nde ment Then went he into Grece made war against ma ny cities at the â–ª destruction of whiche as of a fire neare at hand the spartanâ—…s being afraid both contrary to the aunswers of the oracles contrary to 〈◊〉 renown of their ancestors distrusting their owne chiualry enclosed their city with a strong wall the whiche euer before that time they had ben wont to defend by force of armes and not by strength of wals So much wer they degenerated froÌ„ their aâ—…cestors y â— wheras many C. yeres before the prowesse of the citezens was the wal of the city now they thought they might not liue in safety onlesse they myght hide their heds within walles While these things wer a doing the estate of Macedone was so troubled y â— Gassander was fain to return thither out of Grece For when Olym pias the mother of king Alexander the great came out oâ—… Epyre into Macedone accompanied with acacida kynge oâ—… the Molosses and that Eurydice and arideus the king went about to prohibit her from entring into the realm the Macedones whether it wer for remembrance of her husbaÌ„d king Phillip or in respecte of the greatnesse of her sonne Alexander or that they were moued at the vnworthy demeanor gathered them selues vnto Olympias at whose commaundement Eurydice and the king were both slaine wheÌ„ he had raigned vi yeres after Alexander â–ª But Olympias her self raigned not long For when she prâ—…ceaded to make slaughter of her noble men peres more like a tirant then like a Quene she turned her fauor into hatred Therfore when she hard of Cassanders coÌ„ming putting distrust in the Macedones with Roxane her daughter in law Hercules her nephew she conueyed her self into the citye Pictua She had also in her traine deidaâ—…ia the daughter of king aeacidâ—… and her daughter in law Thessalonice a Ladye much set by for her father Philips sake with many other noble mennes wiues a company more gorgious the profitable When these things wer reported to Cassander immediatly he cam in al hast to Pictua enuironed the town with a strong siege Olympias being constrained w t sword famin wery of the long continuance of the siege yelded her selfe the liues of her hers onlye saued But Cassander assembling the people together to aske theyr aduise what they woâ—…d haue don with Olympias priuely suborned y â— pareÌ„ts of such as she had put to death who putting on moâ—… ning apparel shuld come complain of her great cruelty by whom
coming was not to offer any force to their country but only to recouer it and that they would shew their country men that they waÌ„ted not courage in the former warres but good fortune Herevpon â–ª they kept the City in suche wise from victuals and besieged it so narowlye that they brought the Carthaginenses to vtter despaire In the meanâ—… time Cartalo the sonne of the banished captain Macâ—…eus as he passed by his fathers campe from Tyre whether as he had bene sent by the Carthaginenses to carye vnto Hercules the tenthes of the booty that his father had taken in Sicil being sent for by his father aunswered he would first accomplishe his duty in the publike religion ere he woulde doo any priuate dutye to father or mother The whyche thing allbeit his father were much offended with yet he durst not as then vse any violence towardes him for reuerence of the religion Within a daye or two after desiring safeconduit of the people when he was retourned to his father and that he vaunted himselfe openly before all mennes eies decked in his purple robes and his myter according to the degree of priesthode his father leadynge him a side into a secreat place saide to him Thou wycked barlet durst thou be so bolde as thus bedect with skarlet and bedashte with golde to come into the open face of so many of thy wretched citezens and to enter into this sorowfull and mourning camp swimming in these tokens of quiet prosperity like as if thou shoulde triumphe ouer vs Could thou finde none other personnes to bragge thy selfe before but vs could thou finde no place â—…o meete as the penury of thy father and the calamities of his vnhappy banishment Doost thou remember that beinge the other day called thou proudlye disdained I say not thy father but certesse the captaine of thine own countrymen â–ª And I pray thee what elsse representest thou in thys thy purple robe and these crownes of golde then the titles of victories For as muche therfore as thou acknowledgest thy father for no better then a banished man I also wyll shewe my selfe as a graund captaine then as a father toward thee and I wil make thee example to all men here after not to be so bold as to laughe and skorne at the vnfortunate miseries of their fathers Immediatly here vpon he caused him to be nailed to a very high crosse in the sight of the city in his apparel attire as he went Within a few daies after he tooke Carthage sommoning the people before him he complained of his wrongful banish ment excusing the war which he was compelled to take in hand ful sore against his will by reason his conquestes were despised wherfore in as muche as he had punished thoppressors of his miserable countrymen he said he was content to pardon al the rest for his wrongful banishmeÌ„t And so hauing put ten of the senators to deathe he restored the city to her lawes again Not long after he was ac cused to haue gone about to make himself king Whervp on he suffred double punishment both for working treason against his country and for murtheringe hys owne sonne After him succeaded in the captainshippe Mago by whose industry bothe the richesse the bounds of the Empire and the renowne of the cheualrye of Carthage was greatly encreased ¶ The. xix Booke MAgo graund captain of the Carthaginenses when first of al he had by ordaininge the lawes of armes founded the Empire of the Afres and established the strengthe of his city no lesse by his pollicy and discipline in the warres then by puissaunce deceased leauyng behind him two sonnes Hasoruball and Hamilcar who running in the footesteppes of theyr fathers vertue as they succeded him in linage so succeaded they him also in worthinesse Under these captaynes warre was made in Sardinia Moreouer a fielde was fought against the Afres demaunding tribute of manye yeres for the rent of the sâ—…yle wheron the city standeth But as the Afres had the inster quarell so had they the better fortune by meanes whereof the warres were ended with them by paiment of mony and not by dinte of sword In Sardinia also Hasorâ—…hall being sorâ—… wounded surrendred the gouernmeÌ„t to his brother Hamilcar and died whose death was honorable both for the mourning of the whole City and for because he hadde bene a leuen times dictator and had had foure triumphes The ennemy also began to take hart a grace as though that wyth the captaine the strength of the Carthaginenses had decayed For the Siciltaâ—…s being oppressed by the Carthaginenses with daily iniuries reuolted to Leonida the brother of the king of Lacedemon Where vppon arose sore warres in the whiche there was manye encounters and fields fought somtime to the gain and somtime to y â— losse of either part While these thinges wer a doing ambassa dors came froÌ„ Darius king of the Persians to Carthage hauinge in charge to commaunde the Carthaginenses to leaue offering of men in sacrifice and to leaue eatynge of dogs flesh Moreouer the king commaunded them rather to burne their dead men then to bury them in the grouÌ„d requesting them of aid against the Grekes vnto â—… home Darius was about to make warre as then out of hande But the Carthaginenses denying him aide by reason of the continuall warres they had with their neighbors to th entent they wolde not seme disobedient in all thynges willingly obeyed all the rest In the mean season Hamilcar was slain in the warres in Sicil leauing behind him iii. sonnes Amilco Hanno and Gisgo Hasdrubal had also lyke noumber of sonnes Hâ—…ibal Hasdrubal and Sappho By these men were the affaires of Carthage ruled in those daies Therefore warre was made againste the Moores fieldes were foughte againste the Numidians and the Afres wer compelled to release vnto the Carthaginenses for euer the rent that they were wont to pay for the soyle of their City Afterward when suche a noumber of the graundecaptaines became as a burden to the City whiche before time had bene wont to be free in that they did aland iudged all together as they listed them selues there were a hundred of the Senatoures chosen to be iudges whyche when the captaines returned from the warres shoulde take an accompte of their doings to the entent that there by they might be kept in awe so to behaue them selues in executing their auctority in the warres as that they had neuerthelesse respect to do Iustice according to the lawes of their country In Sicill in the stead of Hamilear Hamilco was made graundcaptaine who hauinge prosperous successe and fortune bothe in battell on the sea and in battell on the lande sodainly by the influence of a pestilente planet lost all his menne of warre Wherof when tidynges came to Carthage the Citye was striken in heauinesse and all was full of houling and yelling as if the city had bene taken by the enemy Euery mannes doores wer
Locrines beinge striken with feare resorted to the Spartanes desiring them humbly of succour The Spartanes being loth to enter into war so far of bad them ask help of Castor Pollux Neither did the ambassadours of their felow city despise their counsell and therfore departing into the next temple and ther making sacrifice they cried vpon the Gods for help When they had offred their sacrifices and obtained the thinge that they came for as they thought being as mery as if they should haue caried the Gods them selues with them they made them shrines in their ships and with lucky iourney in stead of succour they brought their country meÌ„ home comfort This beinge knowen the Crotoniens also sent ambassadors to the Oracle at Delphos praying for victorye prosperous end of the warre It was answered that they muste ouercome their enemies by vowing or euer they coulde ouercome them by battel Whervppon when they had vowed vnto Apollo the tenthe of the pray the Locrines hauynge knowledge both of the vow of theyr enâ—…mies and of the answer of the Goddes vowed the ninth and kept y â— thing secrete to them selues for fear least they shuld be ouercom by vowing Therfore when they wer come into the field and that there stode in the battel of the Crotoniens an C. and. xx thousand fighting men in harnesse the Locrines beholding their owne slender noumber for they had no mo but xv M. souldâ—…oures cast away all hope of victorye and bent them selues obstinately to die in the fielde Now by meanes of this despair euery man tooke suche a harte vnto him that they thoughte them selues to haue gotten the victory if they might reuenge their deaths manfully But while they sought to die honestlye they gate the vpper hande more luckelye Neither can it be thoughte that there shoulde be any other cause of their victory then that they fell in despaire All the while the Locrines wer fighting there was an Eagle that neuer departed from theâ—…e battels nor neuer lefte houeringe about them vntill they had gotten the vpper hand Moreouer two young men in straunge armor vnlike th one to thother oâ—… excelleÌ„t personage vpon white horses in skarlet clokes wer sene sigh ting in the winges of the battel the whiche assâ—…ne as the battel was ended vanished out â—…f sighte The incredyble swiftnesse of fame encreased the wondermeÌ„t of the thing For the same day that the battel was fought in Italy the victorye was â—…eported at Corynthe Athens and Lacedemon After this the Crotoniens did neuer passe to exercise them selues in cheuaâ—… ye nor in feates of armes For they hated them because they had so vnluckelye attempted them And they had chaunged their 〈◊〉 into riot and idlenesse if the Philosopher Pythagoras had not beene This man being the sonne of a ritch merchaunte man of Same 's called Demaratus and being broughte vp in the studies of wisdome wherin he greatly encreased takyng his â—…akyng first into Egipt and afterward to Babâ—…oÌ„ to learne perfectâ—…y the mouiug of the planets and to searche out the beginning of the world wherof it was made attained to meruelous exquisâ—…te knowledge As hee retâ—…urned from thence he went to Canâ—…ye and Lacedemon to study the lawes of Minos and Lycurgus whych were famous and notable at that tyme. In all the which beingâ—… perfectly instructed and furnished he cam to Croton and by his authority reuoked the people to â—…rugalitye latelye before fallen into excesse and riot Dailye he commended vertue and dispraised â—…he vice of riot reciting the miserable châ—…uÌ„ces of cities that had decayed through that 〈◊〉 wherby he so stirred the multitude to the sauor of frugâ—…lity that some of them whiche were vtterlye drowned in riot were contrary to all hope and expâ—…ctation broughte again to good thrift Moreouer he gaue the wiues instructions a part from their husbands and the children oftentimes a part from their parentes He taught the women chastitye shamefastnesse womanhoode and obediâ—…nce to their husbandes The men children modestye sobrâ—…sse good nourtour and learning and among these things â—…e enterlaced frugality as the mother of all vertues Finally he did so much with his continual disputations that the noble women laid a side their garments of cloth of gold and other the iewels and ornaments apertaining to their estates as thinstruments of excesse superfluity brought al such things into Iunos temple coÌ„secrated them to the Gods perswading with theÌ„ that the true ornaments of ladies and gentle women was chastity not gorgious raiment or straunge attire How much he was able to way with thother youth of the city the bridling ouercoming of the stobern â—…roward stomakes of the womeÌ„ dothe wel declare But there were iii. C younge men which gathering them selues on a rout bound theÌ„ selues with an oth to liue together like sworn brothers from the residue of the citizeÌ„s by which their doing as though they had made an vnlawfull assemble to conspire againste the city they brought all the whole citye in their neckes And as they wer all assembled into one house the City would haue burnt them vp In rhe which hurlyburly almost lx of them were slaine and the residue wer banished WheÌ„ Pythagoras had dwelled ful xx yeares at Croton he remoued to Metapont there deceased Whom they had in suche estimation that of his house they made a temple honored him for a God Therfore Dennis the Tiran whoÌ„ we declared before to haue passed his army into Italye to haue made war againste the Grekes after he had won Locres by force assailed the Crotoniens hauing yet skars ly after so long respit recouered their strength decaied by the slaughter of the foresaid war And yet they now with their few more valiantly resisted his so populous armye then they could with so many thousands make resistens before against the smal nomber of the Locrines So great force hath pouerty againste proude richesse and so muche more certain somtime is the victory vnhoped for then the victory that is made accompt of before hand While Den nis was making this war thambassadors of the frenche men which a few monthes before had burned Rome cam vnto him desiring to enter in league and frendship wyth 〈◊〉 Alledging that their country was situate amoÌ„g the mids of his enemies wherfore they might stande him in good stead whether it wer to aide him in the battell oâ—… to set vpon them behinde whiles they wer fightynge wyth him before Dennis liked this ambassade wel And so entring in league with them and being increased in power by their aid he began his warre as it wer newe agayne The cause why these Frenchmen came into Italy to seke them a new dwelling place was the ciuil discord and coÌ„tinual debate that they had at home among them selues For wearines wherof comming out of Italy they droue the Thuscanes out of house and home and builded the ci ties of
solempnised wherby the newe wedded wife fel in great fauor and the old wife in displeasure For the fyrst wife as thoughe she had beene deuorced of her owne accord departed to her brother antiochus and prouoked him to war vpon her husband The acarnanians also distrusting the Epyrotes and thervpon â—…equiring healpe of the Romaines obtained of the Senate of Rome that ambassadours were sent to commaund the aetolians to withdraw their garrisons from the cities of acarnania and to suffer them to liue â—…ree out of bondage whiche all only in old time sent no help to the Grekes against the Troianes thautors of their beginning But the Aetolians hard the ambassade of the Romaines proudly and disdainfully Casting them in the tethe with the Carthaginenses the frenchmen by whom they had ben so affâ—…cted in so many battels so oftentimes vtterly slain saying it was meâ—…e for theÌ„ first to open their gates against the â—…thaginenses which they had shut vp for fear of y â— warrâ—…s of affrick ere they toke vpon them to make warres in Grece Moreouer they bad them remember whome they manased for they were not able to defend their owne city agaynste â—…he frenchmen but y â— when it was taken tâ—…ey were fayne to redeme it with mony â–ª not recouer it by the sworde The which nation entring into Grece with a nother maner of host they them 〈◊〉 had not only without the aid of any other forain power but also not so much as helped wyth their own houses vtterly destroyed made their realm a place for their burâ—… which they had determined to make the â—…eat and key of their kingdome Wheras on the contrary part Italye the Roâ—…es yet still tremblynge for fear of the laâ—…e burning of their city was wel 〈◊〉 whollye subdued by the frenchmen Wherfore it was 〈◊〉 â—…or theÌ„ first to driue the frenchmen out of Italye ere they presumed to manase the aetolians and first to defeÌ„d their own ere they toke in hand to defend other mennes And what maner of men were the Romains in good faith no better but a sort of ragged shepherdes y â— rongfully held a piece of ground taken from the right owners by robery which being not able to get theÌ„ wiues for the dishonesty of theyr beginning were fain to rauish them by open force and to be short which buiâ—…ded their city with moste cruel and vnnaturall 〈◊〉 and bestained the foundations of theâ—…r walles with brothers bloud But the Aetolians wer euer the princes of Grece and 〈◊〉 as they passed all 〈◊〉 in estate and worthinesse so they excelled them in â—…owesse and actiuity and they wer the men alone which had euer despised the Macedones florishinge in thempire of all the whole world which feared not king Philip which disdained to obey the lawes of alexander the great after he had subdued the Persians and Indians when all other men dyd moost fear and dread his name Wherfore they counselled the Romaines to holde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wyth theyr present estate and not to proâ—…ke these weapons agaynst them through which they sawe boâ—…he the frenche men slayne and also the Macedones despised When they they had in this wise dismissed the Romain ambassadors to the entent they woulde not seeme to haue talcked more boldly then they woulde doo in dede they forrayed all the borders of the kingdome of Acaruania By this tyme had Olympias deliuered the kingdome to her sonnes and in stead of his brother Pyrrhus deceased Ptolomy succeâ—…ed in the whole kingdome Who geynge wyth an â—…ooste of men well furnyshed againste his ennemies as by the waye taken with a disease and died Olympias also ere it was longe time after beinge wounded with sorowe for the death of her two sonnes skarse able to draw her painfull breathe liued a small while after her children There remayned of the bloude royall no moo but â—…nlye a younge mayde called Nereis and her sister Laodamia Nereis was maryed vnto Gelo sonne of the kinge of Sicil And Laodamia flying for her sauegard to the aultare of Diana was there by the concourse of the people slaâ—… The whiche offence the Goddes immortal reuenged and punished with continuall slaughters of that natyon and well neare wyâ—…h the vtter dâ—…structyon of all the whole realme For first and formost being punished with dearth and hunger and beinge 〈◊〉 with ciuill discorde laste of all they were in manner quite consuâ—…ed by the warres of foraine nations and Milo who killed Laodamia fallyng oute of his wittes so mangled his bodye sometyme wyth yron sometime with stones and in fine so rente and tare hys owne bowels with his teethe that wythin xii daies he died moost miserably While these thinges were a doinge in Epyre Demetrius dyed in Macedone leauynge a lyttle sonne called Phillip to be hys heir Ouer whome Antigonus beinge made protector tooke the chyldes mother to his wife and went about to make himself kynge Within a while after when as the Macedones makynge insurrection against him threatninge to kill him had besieged him in his own palace he came forth to them with out any gard casting among them his crowne and hys purple robe of estate bade them bestow those thinges vpon some other person which ether knew how to rule theÌ„ or to whome they coulde finde in theyr hartes to obey for as for him he had not hitherto during the time he had the gouernment of that odious kingdome felt or tasted of any plesures but of labor of trauel of perill and of leoperdy Then he rehersed what he had done for them how he had punished suche of their confederates as had reuolted how he had asswaged the courage of the Dardanians and Thessalians triumphing at the death of Demetrius and finally how he had not only maintained but also augmeÌ„ted thestate of thempire of Macedone Of the which thinges if so be it they repented them he was contente to depose himself and to surrender his office into their hands and let them seke them a king whom they mighte rule as they liste them selues When the people beinge strycken with shame willed him to take his kingdome vppon hym again he refused it vtterly so long vntill the authours of the rebellion were yelded vnto him to punish them at hys pleasure After this he made war agaynst the Spartanes which all only despised the warres of Philip and Alexander and the Empire of the Macedones with the knyghthode and chiualry so sore redoubted ouer all the worlde The warre was prepared for withall the furniture and power that could be made on bothe partes betwene these two noble and famous nations The one fighting for the auncient renowne of Macedone the other not only for the maintenaunce of their vntouched liberty neuer before vn lated but also for theyr common sauegarde The Lacedemonians being vaÌ„quished not only they them selues but also their wiues and children toke their misfortune with very stout courage For there
walles of the court were not able to holde her Whome being of herselfe proud and arrogant inough thvnspekeable lechery that the king vsed daily with her brother Agathocles a strompet of more beauty then was requisite in a man made yet more stately and arrogant And to the encreasemente thereof made also her mother Euanthe whiche with her daliaunce and enticementes had so allured the kinges harte vnto her that he had begotten two children of her By meanes wherof beinge not contente with the kinge now they helde the kingdome also nowe they muste come abrode to be seene in the open face of all the world now they must be saluted now they muste be waited vpon Agathocles sitting cheke by cheke with the kinge ruled the citye at his owne pleasure The women disposed marshalships of the hoste lieuetenanâ—… shippes of prouinces and captainships as pleased them so that ther was no man in all his realme that could do lesse then the kyng him selfe At the length he died leauing a sonne behinde hym of fiue yeres old by his sister Eurydice But whiles the women went about to spoile the treasure and made confede racy with the wickeddest personens that could be picked out to the entent to depriue the righte heire of his kyngdome his death was kept secrete a greate while after he was dead Neuerthelesse assone as y â— matter cam to light the people ran vpon Agathâ—…cles and sâ—…ue him and the women in reuengement of Euryâ—…ice were hanged vp vpon gibets The notorious inâ—…amy of the realme being thus purged and put away by the death of the king and the punishment of the harlots the men of Alexandria sente ambassadors to the Romaines desiring them to take vppon them the protection of their OrphaÌ„ king and the gouernment of the kingdome of Egipt the which they auouched that Philip and aâ—…d had already bought and solde betwene them selues entending to part it betwixt them The Romaines wer vâ—…ry glad of that ambassade as they that soughte occasion of war against Phillip to be râ—…uenged for his lying â—…n wait to do them displesure in the time of their warres with the Carthagiâ—…enses Besides this after the time they had subdued the Carthaginenses and driuen away Hanniball they feâ—…red no mannes pâ—…ssans more then Phillips râ—…counting with 〈◊〉 selues what a stir â—…yrrhus had kept in â—…taly with so small a handfull of Macedones and how great aduâ—…ntures and enterprises y e Macedones had atchiâ—…ued in the East Herâ—…vpon ambassadors were sent to Antiochus and Phillip willing them not to medle with the kingdome of Egipt Furthermore M. Lepidus was sent into Egipt to take vppon hym the protection of the childe thadministration of the realme While these thinges were a doing â–ª the ambassâ—…doures of Attalus kingâ—… of Pergaâ—…us and the ambassadors of the Rhodians came to Rome to complain of the wrongs that king Philip had don vnto them The which thing caused the Senate to goo in hand with the warres of Macedone forthwith For vnder pretence of aiding their coÌ„federates war was decreed against Phillip and a consull was sent with an army into Macedone And ere it was long after all Grece vpon truste of the Romaines rose against Phillip in hope to recouer their â—…uncient liberty made war vpon him By meanes wherof the king was so assaulted on euery side that he was constrained to desyre peace When the articles of peace should be propounded by the Romains both Attalus the Rhodians the Acheans the Aetolians demauÌ„ded restitution of that that had ben theirs On thother side Philip graunted y â— he could finde in his hart to be ruled bi the Romains but he said it was an vnsemely matter that the Grekes being vanquished by his predecessors Philip and Alexander subdued vnder the yoke of the Empire of Macedone should like conquerors prescribe him articles of peace and not rather be driuen to a strait accoÌ„pt for their disobediens or euer thei ought to chalenge any libertye Neuerthelesse at lengthe by much intretaunce they graunted him truce for ii moneths In the which time the peace y â— could not be agreed vpon in Macedone might be requested of the Senate at Rome The same yere betwene the Ilands of Theramene Therasia in the mid way betwene both shores ther was a great earthquake in the sea By means of y â— which to the great admiration of such as sailed that way sodeÌ„ly out of the depe floted vp an Iland with hot waters And in Asia the very same day another earthquake shaked the Rhodes and many other cities throwing downe the houses and buildings wherof some wer swalowed vp whole At the which wonder all men wer sore afraid the soutâ—… sayers prophesied that the Romain Empire then beginning to spring vp shuld deuour thold Empire of the grekes and Macedones In the meane season the peace was reiected by the senate whervpon Phillip sollicited the tyrant Nauis to take his part against the Romains and so wheÌ„ he had brought his host into the field his ennemyes standing in order of battel against him he began to encorage his men rehersing how the Macedones had conquered and subdued the Persians the Bactrians the IndiaÌ„s and to be short all Asia euen to the vttermooste border of the East Sayinge that so muche more force and courage ought to be shewed in this battel then in the other as liberty is a thing of greater price then dominion Flaminius also the Romaine Consull in like manner encouraged his men to the encounter by puttinge them in rememberaunce of the thinges atchieued latelye before Shewing them how on the one side Carthage and Sicil wer conquered and on the other side Italy and Spain recouered by the prowesse and puissance of the Romaines and that Hanniball was nothinge inferioure to great Alexander who being ones driuen oute of Italye they had subdued Affricke the third part of the world And yet the Macedones were not to be esteamed by the auncyent renowâ—…e of theyr predecessoures but accordinge to the power and strength that they were of at that present For they shoulde not encounter with greate Alexander who was reported to be inuincible nor with his armye that conquered all the East but with Philip a child yet skarce come to yeres of discretion who had much a do to defend his kingdome againste his nerte neighboures and wyth those Macedones which but euen thother day almooste were spoiled and led away prisoners by the Dardanians who wer able to talk of nothing saue the renoumed acts of their ancestors wheras the Romaines might worthely report the dedes done by them selues and theyr souldiours For it was none other hoste that had subdued Hannibal and the Carthagineâ—…ses and almoste all the West then the very same souldiers whom he had ther standing in battel ray with these encouragements the myndes of bothe armies being enflamed ran fierslye to the encounter the one part
captayn general agaynst them who as he lay at siege before the cytie with a great host of the best men that could be chosen in all the countrie saw in his slepe the likenesse of a womaÌ„ with a grim terrible contenance which saide she was a Goddesse at her syght he was so astraught that of his own mynde vn requested he made peace with y â— Massiliens And making request y â— he might enter into their cytie to worship their Goddes when he came into the teÌ„ple of Minerua espiyng in the porches the ymage of the Goddesse whiche he had sene in his dreame he cryed out sodaynlie that is was eueÌ„ she y â— had feared him in the night it was she that câ—…maun ded him to raise his siege Wheruppon greatly reioysing with the Massyliens bycause he perceyued that the Goddes immortall had suche care and regarde ouer them he gaue the Goddesse a chayne of Golde for an offering and made abonde of frendshyp and amitie with the MassilieÌ„s to coÌ„tinue for euer After that they had thus gotteÌ„ peace and established quietnesse the Massilieu 〈◊〉 returnyng from Delphos whether they had ben to carie presents vnto Apollo heard say that the Citie of Rome was taken and burnt by the Frenchmen The which â—…dynges when they had brought home the Massiliens pro claymed an vniuersall mournyng as if it had ben for the deathe of some especiall frendes and gathered all their Golde togyther as well priuate as publike the whiche they sent to make vp the Summe that the Frenchmen demaunded of the Romaynes for their raunsome and for to graunt them peace In recompence of whiche good turne they were made free of the Citie of Rome and placed amonge the Senatoures at all showes and pageantes And Alyance was knytte with them to be contynuallye reputed as Romaynes In his laste Booke Trogus declareth that his Auncestours fetche their Pe tegrie from the Uolces that his Graundfather Trogus Pompeius in the warres againste Sertorius dyd saue the Citie to Eneus Pompeius that his vncle hadde the leadynge of the Horsemen vnder the said Pompey in the warre againste Mythridates and that his father also serued in the warres vnder C. Caesar in the roume of Secretarie Lieuetenaunt and keper of his Seale The xliiii Boke SPayne lyke as it is the vttermost bownd of Europe so shall it also be th end of this woorke Men in olde tyme called it Iberia after the Ryuer Iberus and afterwarde they called it Spayne after the name of Hispalus This Countrey lyeth betwene affrike and Fraunce and is enclosed with thocean Sea the mountaines Pyrenei Lyke as it is lesser then anye of bothe those landes so is it more fertile then them bothe For neyther is it scorched with the outrageous heat of the sonne as Affrike is nor infèsted with contynuall windes as Fraunce is But as it is mydde betwene them both so on th one syde through temperate heat and on thother through the moysture os pleasaunt shoures fallynge in due season it becoÌ„meth fertilie of all kynde of fruite and graine in so muche that if not onely suffiseth thinhabytants therof but also sendeth abundaunce of all thynges into Italye and euen vnto Rome it selfe For there coÌ„meth from thence not onely great plentie of Corne and graine but also of wine hoÌ„ny and Oyle Besydes that there is not onely the best yron and steele that can be but also many races of most swifte horses neyther are the coÌ„modities that growe aboue the ground to be praysed onely but also the plentyfull riche Mynes of Mettalles hydden deepe within the grounde Of Flaxe and Baste there is great store and as for Uermilion there is no lande hath more plentie of it In this land are running Ryâ—…ers not violently outragiously flo wing to do any harm but gently moisting the vineyards and cornefieldes and where they ebbe and flow with the Oceane very full of all kynde of fysâ—…hes wherof many al so are riche of gold whiche they carrye to their great coÌ„mendacion Onely by the rydge of the mouÌ„tains Pyrenei is it parted froÌ„ Fraunce being on all other partes besyde enuironed rownd about with the Sea The platte of the land is almost fouresquare sauing that the Sea beatyng on both sydes doth gather it somewhat narrower at the mountaynes Pyrenei Moreouer whereas the Mountaynes Pyrenei ronne it is in bredth syx hundred myles The aire is holsome throughe all Spayne and the winde so coole in a temperate that there ryseth no stynkynge miâ—…tes out of the lowe groundes and marisses to infect it Besydes this the continuall ayre of the saltwater rysyng from the Sea round about on all sydes perseth throughe the whole countrie the whiche beyng qualyfied with the open aire of the land do chiefly preserue al men in health The bodies of the men are readie to endure hunger and payne their myndes readie to abyde deathe They liue all very nigardly and hardly they couet rather war then peace If they want a foreyn enemie they will seke one at home Oftentymes haue they dyed vpon the racke for concealyng thinges put to them in secret So much dooe they esteme more their secresie theÌ„ their lyues the which may well be perceyued by the sufferance of that seruaunt in the warres of Carthage who hauyng reuenged the death of his Master in the mids of his torments laughed reioysed with a mery and gladsome countenance vanquished the crueltie of his tormentours The people of that contrie are excedyng swift of foote vnquiet of mynd and many of them set more by their horses and armour then by their owne blood They make not anye preparature for feastyng but onely vppon high solemne dayes to washe in warme water they lerned of the Romayns after the second warres with Carthage Duryng the con tinuance of so many hundred yeres they neuer had anye worthie captayne sauyng Uiriatus Who by the space of tenne yeres togither helde y e Romains at the staues end sometime to his gain sometime to his losse so much wer they of nature more like brute beastes then like men the which forenamed captayn they followed not as one chosen by the discretion of men but onely bycause he was pol litique connyng in auoidyng eschewyng of daungers Yet notwithstandyng he was of that vertuous behauior modestie that albeit he oftentmies vanquished the consuls with their armies yet after so greate enterprises atcheued he neither changed the fashioÌ„ of his armour neyther altered the fashion of his apparell nor brake he thor der of his dyet but loke in what sorte he began fyrste his warres in the same he continued to the last so that there was neuer a coÌ„mon souldier but semed welthier then the Captayn It is reported of diuers writers y e about the riuer Tagus in Portingal mares doe coÌ„ceiue w t the wind The which fable sprang fyrste of the frutefulnesse
enâ—…rapped by a pollicy and slayn In his roume was sent his sonne in lawe Hasdrubal who also was slayn by a seruaunt of a Spanyard in reuengement of his Maisters death Han niball the sonne of Hamilcar greater theÌ„ thei both succeded in the Capitainship For he surmountyng the actes of them bothe conquered all Spayne And then makyng war agaynst the RomaÌ„s vexed Italy with sundry slaughters by the space of syâ—… yeres togither Whereas in the meane season the Romayns sendyng the Scipios into Spayne fyrst draue the Carthaginenses out of the countrie afterward had sorâ—… warres with the Spanyardes themselfes Neuerthelesse the countries of Spayn could neuer be brought vnder the â—…oke of bondage vntil that Cesar Augustus hauyng conquered the whole worlde came agaynste them with his victorious army brought those Barbarous and cruel people to a more ciuill trade of liuyng by order of lawe and substituted a Lieuetenaunte ouer them lyke as was done in all other Prouynces of Th empyre FINIS Princâ—…s first elected for vertues sake The begynnyng of the Monarchie of Assiria desyre of honour the first cause of warre The inuention of magicke and Aâ—â—ronomy An example of a pollityke wâ—â—an Vertue ouercometh enuy The buylding of Babilon Semiramis slayne of her owne sonne Sardanapalus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 are the 〈◊〉 cay of the grâ—…test kyng domes Th empyre of the Medes beginneth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 â–ª Her 〈◊〉 was 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 That God will haue saued can not 〈◊〉 lost 〈◊〉 â—…ayth it was borne dead Cyrus is cho sen kyng aâ—…ong childreÌ„ The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 â—…ous cruelty 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Displeasure wisely 〈◊〉 bled The letter of Harpagus vnto Cyrus â—…unning 〈◊〉 ueyaunce of 〈◊〉 letter The pollicye of Cyrus to cause the Persians to rebell Cyrus rebelleth The crueltye reuenged Necessitye geueth hart Force and wysdom 〈◊〉 to â—…tune The 〈◊〉 of Cyrus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cresus is ta ken prisoner The magnitycence of Cyrus The Lydiâ—… rebell and are â—…bdued The reward of rebellion The foolyshe loue and demeanour of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…eth Candaules and maketh hius selâ—…kyng A manly women His name was Spargapises Ignorauncâ—… pernicious in a Captayns The inuincible courage of Thomiris The grâ—…at â—…aughter of the Persians The death of Cyrus Cambyses succedeth â—…own wyll haue no pere 〈◊〉 ca not continew â—…ong The great treason of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Oropastâ—…reigneth in stead of 〈◊〉 The treason is mistrusteâ—… The treason commeth to lyght Counsell 〈◊〉 not be kept long in a multitude Necessitie geâ—… courage The zeale â—…obryas Gobryas to his countrey Th end of vsâ—…pe authori tyâ—… A singuâ—…ar ex ample of modesty in great estaâ—…es The pollicie of a horseâ—… Daâ—… 〈◊〉 made kyng bâ—… the neying 〈◊〉 a horse Daâ—…ius â—…keth to wyfe the daughteâ—… of Cyrus named Aâ—…ossa The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…opyrus to hys kyng and to hys countrâ—… â—…pirus deâ—…lluereth Babilon to the kyng Contentioâ—… as concerninâ—… antiquitie The tempâ—… tenesse of Egypt and the â—…uitfulnesse thâ—…eof â–ª The replication of the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of Scithia the customeâ—… and manerâ—… of the 〈◊〉 â—…ns called 〈◊〉 The power and force of nature Asia tributatye to the â—…cithians Theyr fortunate successe The nature of the Parthians and Bactrians Who fyrst made warre vpon the Scithians The Scithâ—…ans are reuoked out of Asia by 〈◊〉 wyuce In this place he greâ—…ly exreth Example of fortitude in women The kingdome of the Amazones The customs of the Amazones The queenes of Amazone The buylding of Ephe â—…us â—… myrâ—… of virginityâ—… and prowesse 〈◊〉 sedeth Hercules for the Queene of amazonies armour Hercules exchaungeth Menalyppe for y â— queâ—…nes armour Orithia sendeth for ayde to the king of Scithia She is â—…orsaken of her 〈◊〉 cour and ouer come of the Atheniens Penthesileâ—… The decay of â—…hamazones He retorneth to the storyes of the Stithians The stratageme of the Scithians against theyr bondâ—…en Here ended the first bokâ—… The shameful retire of Darâ—…us out of Scithia He conquereth the lesser Asia and Mâ—… cedonie A â—…igression to the acts of the â—…henieÌ„s The noblenes antiqui ty of Athens Of what things the aâ—…henieÌ„s wer the first inueÌ„ ters The first ordainer of mariage among the heathen The â—…loud of Dencalion Sowinge of corn â—…ueÌ„ted The succession of the kinges of AtheÌ„s an ex ample of greate loue toward the natiue couÌ„try The alteratâ—…on of gouernment in athens The commeÌ„dat ion and do ings of solon The pollicye of Solon Deceit tourned vpon the workers hed An example of a craftye â—… suttle decâ—… uer Diocles slain for rape A constant and inuicible stomacke He returneth to the historye of Darius The noble en terprise of Milciades The courage of the Atheniens and me co wardise of the Persians Fortune helpeth the coura gious The praise of Themistocles The commendation of Cynegirus The slaughter of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The vengans of God vppon tyraunts and traâ—…oures The death oâ—… Darius A brotherly conteÌ„â—…n for the kingdom xerxes succe deth Darius in his kingdoÌ„ The â—…oue of Demaratus to his couÌ„try The hnge host of xerxes His richesse and want of good gouer naunce The loue of Leonidas towarde hys country The noble prowesse of Lconida and the SpartaÌ„es A â—…olitique prouisy on of themistocles Man 〈◊〉 power against God Xerxes burneth Thespâ—… and 〈◊〉 and Athens Thanâ—…wer of the 〈◊〉 Themistocles interpre teth the same The deuise of Themistocles to make his confederates abyde 〈◊〉 cowardise of Xerxes The valiantnes of arte mysia The Persians are discoÌ„fyted on the sea The couonseâ—… of Mardonius â—…cles sendeth againe to 〈◊〉 erxes 〈◊〉 flyeth for fear A worthy ex ample of the ficklenesse of fortune and of the frailnes of mans estate The afflictions of the Persian host Mardonius wâ—…th Oâ—…hus A battel betweene Mar doâ—…s and the grekes Excesse of richesse The swift nes of â—…ame The wise 〈◊〉 menor of Theâ—…o cles Themistocles cometh vnto Lacedeâ—…n The Spartanes make war againste the Persians Pâ—…ius worketh treson against his country Aristides preuenteth hys trâ—… Pansaâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cyno is made graund 〈◊〉 tain against the Pâ—… The naturaâ—… loue of 〈◊〉 to his faâ—… â–ª Xerxes 〈◊〉 Xerxes is 〈◊〉 by hys own subiect The cautele and treson of Artabanus The treason disclosed Treson politiquely reuen ged The discorde of the grâ—…kes amonge them sâ—…lues Rightuousnâ—…s is to be preferred before akingdoÌ„ The notable lawes of Lâ—…curgus The bringing vp of children The mariage of maidens Reâ—…erence vnto old age The deuise of Licurgus to make hys lawes eternall Licurgus vâ—… nisheth hym self to do hys couÌ„try good The waâ—…a of the Spartanes against the Meâ—…ans The original of the Partheniens Phalanthus The Parthe niens seke theÌ„ a newe dwelling place They place them selues in Italye The loue of Phalanthus toward his country Phaâ—…anthus is honoured for a God The Messeniens are subdued afterward doo rebell Tirteus bringâ—…th the spartanes in despaire The force of Poetrye The courage of the Messenians Occasyon of war betwene the