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the_o cause_n of_o great_a misery_n to_o his_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o pretention_n to_o the_o crown_n ferdinand_n decease_v without_o heir_n so_o do_v alphons_n who_o be_v cardinal_n call_v by_o the_o title_n of_o saint_n blaise_n and_o henry_n of_o the_o title_n of_o saint_n crown_n quatre_fw-fr coronez_fw-fr this_o outlive_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o it_o be_v he_o of_o who_o we_o speak_v edward_n take_v to_o wife_n isabella_n daughter_n to_o jaime_v duke_n of_o bragance_n by_o who_o he_o have_v marie_n which_o afterwards_o be_v marry_v to_o alexander_n farnese_n prince_n of_o parma_n and_o katherine_n at_o this_o present_a wife_n to_o john_n of_o bragance_n he_o have_v likewise_o a_o son_n the_o which_o be_v bear_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n who_o live_v but_o four_o year_n in_o matrimony_n be_v likewise_o call_v edward_n this_o be_v he_o who_o disfavoured_a by_o sebastian_n die_v at_o euora_n in_o the_o year_n 1576._o of_o his_o third_o wife_n which_o be_v leonora_n daughter_n to_o king_n philip_n the_o first_o of_o castill_n archduke_n of_o austria_n who_o be_v after_o marry_v to_o francis_n the_o first_o king_n of_o france_n he_o have_v none_o but_o charles_n who_o die_v young_a and_o marie_n who_o be_v about_o six_o and_o fifty_o year_n old_a die_v a_o maid_n at_o lisbon_n in_o the_o year_n 1578._o but_o return_v to_o john_n the_o third_o son_n of_o the_o second_o wife_n who_o succeed_v emanuel_n in_o the_o kingdom_n he_o contract_a marriage_n with_o katherine_n sister_n to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o and_o have_v issue_n marie_n who_o after_o be_v the_o first_o wife_n of_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o castill_n now_o reign_v from_o who_o issue_v charles_n who_o die_v young_a the_o which_o if_o he_o have_v live_v without_o doubt_n have_v precead_v the_o cardinal_n henry_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o say_a john_n and_o katherine_n have_v many_o male_a child_n which_o die_v young_a one_o only_o 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of_o coimbra_n many_o allegation_n in_o her_o behalf_n to_o effect_v this_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a to_o cite_v all_o the_o pretendent_o to_o appear_v and_o produce_v their_o reason_n the_o which_o be_v sudden_o put_v in_o execution_n although_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o many_o it_o be_v think_v out_o of_o season_n seem_v more_o convenient_a first_o to_o conclude_v it_o in_o parliament_n and_o then_o to_o effect_v it_o whereby_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o king_n do_v govern_v himself_o daily_o without_o order_n or_o any_o constant_a resolution_n what_o he_o will_v do_v he_o do_v yet_o foresee_v that_o die_v before_o philip_n as_o it_o be_v likely_a the_o realm_n shall_v remain_v confuse_v and_o without_o a_o governor_n which_o shall_v rule_v the_o realm_n during_o the_o interreigne_a and_o that_o the_o nobleman_n and_o commons_o shall_v present_o swear_v obedience_n unto_o they_o and_o after_o examine_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o pretendent_o and_o although_o they_o 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the_o succession_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o determine_v it_o before_o his_o death_n this_o be_v hold_v and_o chief_o by_o the_o castillian_n a_o fault_n of_o importance_n the_o king_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v ignorant_a that_o his_o royal_a jurisdiction_n do_v end_n with_o his_o life_n and_o that_o this_o name_n of_o governor_n be_v to_o rule_v after_o his_o death_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o example_n with_o they_o of_o elizabeth_z queen_n of_o castill_n who_o in_o vain_a prescribe_a law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n after_o her_o decease_n in_o this_o sort_n the_o state_n end_v and_o soon_o after_o the_o duke_n of_o bragance_n with_o the_o nobility_n governor_n and_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o realm_n swear_v obedience_n to_o such_o as_o the_o king_n have_v choose_v governor_n and_o to_o he_o that_o shall_v be_v declare_v king_n it_o will_v not_o be_v forget_v the_o manner_n of_o oath_n the_o prior_n take_v for_o be_v call_v before_o the_o king_n and_o command_v to_o swear_v to_o obey_v the_o form_n aforesaid_a he_o answer_v that_o he_o will_v first_o speak_v unto_o he_o the_o king_n reply_v that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n but_o that_o he_o shall_v swear_v the_o which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o king_n grow_v in_o choler_n whereupon_o cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o his_o friend_n that_o be_v about_o he_o as_o who_o shall_v say_v that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o the_o evangelist_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o many_o who_o believe_v he_o shall_v rather_o commit_v some_o disorder_n then_o swear_v the_o roll_n of_o the_o governor_n with_o the_o nomination_n upon_o the_o back_n of_o it_o be_v lock_v up_o in_o a_o coffer_n and_o deliver_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o chamber_n of_o lisbon_n the_o people_n
king_n have_v thrust_v forward_o by_o his_o own_o fear_n and_o that_o of_o emanuel_n soar_v one_o of_o the_o new_a veriador_n of_o the_o chamber_n he_o displace_v the_o stranger_n from_o thence_o and_o be_v not_o yet_o well_o assure_v he_o command_v that_o all_o stranger_n shall_v depart_v the_o city_n and_o soon_o after_o he_o decree_v although_o it_o be_v not_o execute_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v spoil_v these_o two_o army_n remain_v eight_o day_n in_o this_o estate_n near_o one_o to_o the_o other_o without_o move_v and_o little_o skirmish_v at_o the_o end_n whereof_o the_o duke_n send_v forth_o sanches_n d'auila_fw-la with_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o horse_n and_o some_o few_o foot_n to_o discover_v the_o country_n and_o plot_v the_o mean_n to_o batter_v the_o tower_n of_o belem_n they_o be_v encounter_v by_o three_o hundred_o horse_n and_o five_o hundred_o portugal_n foot_n who_o without_o order_n run_v towards_o they_o but_o for_o that_o the_o castillian_n pretend_v nothing_o 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to_o his_o obedience_n for_o that_o this_o army_n be_v so_o near_o they_o but_o have_v not_o yet_o view_v the_o enemy_n nor_o his_o lodging_n but_o from_o far_o trust_v little_a to_o the_o report_n of_o other_o will_v first_o himself_o see_v the_o seat_n and_o how_o they_o be_v lodge_v before_o he_o will_v attempt_v any_o matter_n of_o importance_n and_o therefore_o on_o saint_n bartholomewes_n day_n he_o issue_v forth_o of_o his_o lodging_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n only_o with_o a_o intent_n to_o discover_v the_o left_a bank_n of_o tagus_n whereupon_o these_o army_n be_v encamp_v be_v hilly_a but_o yet_o easy_a and_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o brook_n of_o alcantara_n as_o it_o be_v into_o straight_a line_n the_o which_o take_v his_o name_n of_o a_o small_a village_n seat_v upon_o the_o right_a angle_n where_o it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o river_n there_o upon_o the_o brook_n be_v a_o bridge_n of_o stone_n the_o bank_n of_o both_o side_n begin_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n run_v a_o mile_n upward_o be_v very_o high_a and_o uneasy_a yet_o upwarde_o there_o lie_v a_o champion_n ground_n although_o somewhat_o uneeven_v yet_o very_o commodious_a for_o lodging_n upon_o the_o left_a bank_n be_v the_o portugal_n camp_n in_o a_o manner_n upon_o the_o triangle_n where_o the_o rock_n be_v high_a fortify_v towards_o the_o enemy_n with_o ill_a fashion_a trench_n and_o much_o artillery_n the_o duke_n march_v to_o the_o right_a bank_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n right_a against_o the_o portugal_n where_o have_v make_v a_o long_a stand_n consider_v well_o the_o seat_n to_o be_v natural_o strong_a but_o little_a help_n by_o art_n he_o see_v the_o enemy_n perceive_v his_o approach_n to_o put_v themselves_o into_o squadron_n within_o their_o rampier_n stand_v still_o without_o any_o show_n of_o issue_v forth_o labour_v only_o to_o endamage_v they_o with_o their_o cannon_n so_o as_o have_v well_o resolve_v what_o to_o do_v after_o some_o skirmish_n he_o return_v for_o this_o night_n unto_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v and_o for_o the_o day_n follow_v give_v this_o order_n that_o after_o midnight_n they_o shall_v give_v a_o hot_a alarm_n on_o all_o side_n to_o keep_v the_o enemy_n on_o foot_n to_o weary_v he_o and_o to_o cause_v he_o to_o put_v his_o man_n in_o order_n as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o day_n before_o he_o enjoin_v francis_n d'alua_fw-la general_n of_o the_o artillery_n that_o before_o day_n he_o shall_v plant_v upon_o the_o hill_n which_o discover_v the_o enemy_n lodging_n and_o their_o trench_n some_o great_a artillery_n with_o sufficient_a munition_n to_o batter_v the_o portugal_n rank_n to_o scour_v their_o defence_n and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o shall_v stand_v to_o defend_v the_o bridge_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v assault_v he_o command_v to_o thrust_v into_o the_o army_n at_o sea_n a_o thousand_o harquebusier_n five_o hundred_o italian_n and_o five_o hundred_o spaniard_n with_o order_n to_o the_o marquesse_n of_o soldier_n saint_n croix_n to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n when_o a_o certain_a sign_n shall_v be_v give_v unto_o they_o he_o call_v all_o the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o camp_n and_o say_v unto_o they_o that_o he_o hope_v to_o drive_v the_o enemy_n that_o day_n by_o force_n from_o his_o lodging_n that_o he_o desire_v they_o to_o be_v obedient_a to_o observe_v the_o direction_n which_o he_o have_v give_v and_o shall_v give_v for_o as_o by_o that_o and_o their_o valour_n the_o enterprise_n be_v easy_a so_o without_o order_n and_o obedience_n it_o be_v most_o difficult_a that_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a point_n his_o majesty_n have_v command_v be_v to_o save_v the_o city_n of_o lisbon_n the_o which_o the_o king_n have_v in_o so_o great_a regard_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o leave_v to_o vanquish_v then_o by_o vanquish_a to_o spoil_v it_o and_o therefore_o he_o do_v press_v they_o to_o promise_v that_o if_o they_o be_v so_o happy_a as_o whole_o to_o break_v the_o enemy_n they_o shall_v not_o only_o forbear_v to_o spoil_v it_o but_o defend_v it_o from_o such_o as_o will_v attempt_v it_o assure_v they_o that_o the_o king_n will_v be_v more_o please_v with_o the_o defence_n thereof_o then_o with_o the_o victory_n itself_o he_o add_v moreover_o and_o that_o with_o great_a vehemency_n that_o if_o his_o ill_a hap_n be_v such_o as_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o satisfy_v he_o in_o this_o he_o beseech_v god_n that_o the_o first_o shoot_v the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v shall_v rather_o deprive_v he_o of_o life_n then_o to_o see_v a_o thing_n so_o much_o against_o the_o service_n and_o will_n of_o his_o majesty_n these_o word_n be_v end_v and_o all_o thing_n execute_v the_o duke_n a_o little_a before_o day_n leave_v in_o his_o lodging_n a_o reasonable_a guard_n of_o all_o nation_n march_v against_o the_o portugal_n in_o this_o order_n notwithstanding_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a be_v of_o opinion_n they_o shall_v first_o try_v this_o army_n with_o course_n and_o light_a charge_n be_v a_o general_a opinion_n by_o the_o advertisement_n they_o have_v army_n receive_v that_o few_o man_n will_v put_v they_o to_o flight_n the_o duke_n divide_v his_o army_n into_o three_o body_n two_o of_o foot_n and_o one_o of_o horse_n the_o which_o march_v not_o one_o after_o a_o other_o but_o as_o it_o be_v in_o front_n as_o the_o hilly_a country_n will_v give_v they_o leave_v in_o the_o middle_n be_v the_o duke_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o spanish_a foot_n &_o some_o german_a pike_n divide_v into_o four_o squadron_n which_o march_v not_o all_o in_o front_n nor_o one_o after_o a_o other_o but_o scatter_v as_o the_o place_n will_v suffer_v they_o be_v in_o all_o about_o six_o thousand_o on_o the_o right_a side_n be_v all_o the_o italian_n the_o rest_n of_o
that_o anthony_n have_v make_v so_o great_a a_o stay_n betwixt_o sacabem_fw-la and_o saint_n arem_fw-la so_o as_o he_o may_v easy_o have_v suppress_v he_o and_o this_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o alcantara_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o ship_n which_o come_v from_o the_o indies_n be_v disanchor_v from_o the_o land_n of_o tercerae_n &_o sail_v towards_o portugal_n ill_o advertise_v of_o what_o have_v pass_v and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v former_a intelligence_n of_o their_o arrival_n at_o the_o land_n it_o be_v think_v good_a they_o shall_v stay_v there_o be_v value_v at_o three_o million_o many_o doubt_v they_o shall_v be_v lose_v for_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o duke_n have_v send_v some_o ship_n arm_v to_o seek_v they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o prior_n have_v send_v certain_a caravel_n with_o advice_n to_o go_v to_o penichie_n a_o place_n upon_o the_o coast_n twenty_o mile_n from_o lisbon_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v fear_v they_o can_v not_o escape_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o either_o to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o king_n ship_n or_o to_o follow_v the_o direction_n of_o anthony_n and_o in_o what_o sort_n soever_o they_o shall_v be_v lose_v for_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o castillian_n they_o shall_v be_v spoil_v and_o go_v to_o penichie_n the_o prior_n will_v become_v master_n of_o private_a man_n good_n and_o employ_v they_o for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o war_n and_o some_o ignorant_a of_o anthony_n commission_n suppose_v they_o shall_v either_o go_v to_o france_n or_o england_n and_o that_o the_o prior_n find_v the_o weakness_n of_o his_o force_n by_o the_o event_n of_o this_o battle_n shall_v follow_v they_o notwithstanding_o fortune_n do_v so_o second_o the_o beginning_n that_o two_o day_n after_o the_o battle_n they_o appear_v in_o safety_n without_o any_o intelligence_n of_o these_o trouble_n within_o the_o realm_n or_o any_o encounter_n upon_o the_o way_n such_o be_v the_o catholic_a king_n good_a fortune_n that_o they_o arrive_v safe_a at_o lisbon_n where_o he_o receive_v what_o appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o deliver_v to_o every_o private_a man_n his_o own_o all_o this_o while_n they_o be_v in_o suspense_n at_o badagios_n expect_v whether_o this_o enterprise_n shall_v be_v end_v by_o arm_n or_o agreement_n and_o so_o doubtful_a every_o man_n be_v for_o that_o there_o appear_v on_o either_o side_n great_a difficulty_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o duke_n can_v not_o stay_v long_o from_o entertain_v one_o of_o these_o party_n so_o different_a but_o the_o xxuj_o day_n of_o august_n in_o the_o morning_n there_o arrive_v a_o spanish_a merchant_n without_o any_o letter_n from_o the_o duke_n who_o bring_v news_n of_o the_o success_n this_o man_n follow_v the_o spanish_a camp_n when_o he_o see_v the_o prior_n army_n in_o rout_n present_o pass_v the_o river_n in_o a_o small_a bark_n and_o take_v post_n before_o he_o that_o bring_v advertisement_n from_o the_o duke_n who_o present_v himself_o unto_o the_o king_n deliver_v what_o he_o have_v see_v whereof_o he_o receive_v such_o contentment_n as_o may_v be_v suppose_v this_o news_n be_v present_o spread_v throughout_o all_o the_o court_n with_o the_o incredible_a joy_n of_o all_o man_n and_o to_o the_o great_a honour_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o with_o such_o kind_n of_o commendation_n as_o the_o force_n of_o truth_n do_v usual_o draw_v upon_o the_o sudden_a even_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o enemy_n but_o the_o confirmation_n of_o these_o news_n stay_v long_o than_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o action_n they_o begin_v to_o doubt_v with_o so_o great_a perturbation_n that_o there_o be_v no_o less_o show_n of_o their_o general_a desire_n then_o of_o their_o receive_a content_n the_o which_o be_v after_o confirm_v by_o the_o arrival_n of_o ferrant_n de_fw-fr toledo_n the_o duke_n nephew_n who_o he_o have_v dispatch_v with_o a_o private_a relation_n not_o only_o of_o the_o success_n but_o also_o of_o the_o reason_n which_o have_v induce_v they_o to_o fight_v and_o his_o direction_n give_v unto_o the_o captain_n alua._n the_o which_o be_v general_o approve_v of_o all_o with_o no_o small_a honour_n to_o the_o duke_n say_v that_o he_o have_v now_o satisfy_v man_n mind_n who_o hold_v he_o always_o to_o be_v too_o cunning_a and_o watchful_a to_o assure_v his_o enterprise_n by_o advantage_n of_o lodging_n and_o stratagem_n avoid_v the_o battle_n by_o all_o mean_v possible_a without_o great_a advantage_n follow_v among_o the_o ancient_a captain_n fabius_n maximus_n and_o among_o the_o late_a prosper_v colonna_n the_o elder_a who_o he_o seek_v to_o imitate_v and_o this_o commendation_n of_o the_o duke_n proceed_v from_o his_o two_o resolution_n the_o one_o to_o pass_v from_o settwal_a to_o cascay_n and_o the_o other_o to_o fight_v at_o alcantara_n see_v in_o the_o first_o he_o alone_o do_v contradict_v his_o counsel_n and_o contest_v both_o against_o sea_n and_o enemy_n and_o in_o the_o second_o he_o resolve_v to_o fight_v dangerous_o with_o the_o portugal_n within_o their_o own_o trench_n have_v a_o well_o people_a city_n behind_o they_o and_o against_o the_o advice_n of_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o army_n they_o do_v high_o commend_v he_o to_o have_v keep_v lisbon_n from_o spoil_n and_o at_o one_o instant_a to_o play_v the_o conqueror_n and_o protector_n attribute_v unto_o he_o for_o this_o respect_n more_o honour_n then_o to_o have_v retire_v his_o army_n from_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1557._o have_v not_o fight_v there_o unto_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n as_o he_o do_v at_o lisbon_n but_o these_o reason_n with_o other_o be_v dash_v by_o a_o sudden_a cruel_a accident_n which_o so_o trouble_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n as_o there_o be_v no_o time_n to_o think_v nor_o speak_v of_o any_o thing_n the_o which_o be_v that_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o this_o happy_a success_n the_o king_n fall_v most_o dangerous_o sick_a the_o which_o so_o increase_v be_v bring_v to_o that_o point_n that_o there_o be_v small_a hope_n of_o his_o life_n and_o even_o his_o physician_n themselves_o almost_o give_v he_o over_o upon_o this_o subject_n be_v all_o their_o discourse_n for_o the_o king_n die_v it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o protector_n of_o christendom_n shall_v fail_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o doubt_n that_o his_o death_n in_o time_n it_o may_v cause_v any_o alteration_n it_o be_v then_o most_o of_o all_o to_o be_v fear_v for_o beside_o that_o the_o affair_n of_o flaunders_n be_v troublesome_a the_o humour_n of_o the_o french_a ill_o dispose_v portugal_n yet_o in_o balance_n to_o incline_v to_o a_o contrary_a party_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o spain_n be_v not_o well_o assure_v the_o opinion_n be_v diverse_a what_o course_n to_o take_v but_o all_o be_v confuse_v and_o all_o full_a of_o fear_n the_o duke_n of_o alva_n who_o opinion_n 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he_o the_o ship_n wherein_o be_v christopher_z d'_fw-fr erasso_fw-la then_o follow_v that_o of_o saint_n matthew_n wherein_o be_v lopo_fw-la de_fw-la figueroa_n these_o go_v before_o as_o a_o buckler_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o fleet_n which_o follow_v the_o french_a have_v divide_v among_o they_o the_o spanish_a ship_n where_o with_o every_o one_o shall_v grapple_v but_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n that_o can_v not_o succeed_v for_o the_o wind_n the_o sea_n and_o the_o order_n which_o have_v be_v so_o often_o alter_v hinder_v that_o resolution_n the_o gallion_n saint_n matthew_n stay_v somewhat_o behind_o the_o which_o be_v cause_v it_o be_v first_o set_v upon_o for_o the_o captain_n and_o admiral_n of_o the_o french_a with_o other_o three_o ship_n turn_v their_o prooe_n upon_o she_o go_v to_o charge_v she_o and_o the_o captain_n with_o great_a dexterity_n to_o avoid_v the_o shot_n join_v with_o they_o towards_o the_o prooe_n and_o board_v the_o gallion_n from_o the_o middle_n forward_o 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