suffer_v the_o scipio_n to_o pass_v the_o hellespont_n into_o asia_n without_o opposition_n this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o roman_n get_v foot_v in_o asia_n which_o so_o startle_v antiochus_n that_o he_o offer_v to_o quit_v all_o place_n in_o europe_n and_o such_o asia_n as_o be_v friend_n of_o rome_n to_o pay_v half_o the_o charge_v the_o roman_n be_v at_o in_o this_o war_n and_o rather_o than_o not_o obtain_v peace_n to_o part_v with_o a_o portion_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n the_o ambassador_n who_o carry_v these_o proposal_n use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o procure_v the_o favour_n of_o africanus_n offer_v he_o the_o restitution_n of_o his_o son_n who_o have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o many_o other_o great_a and_o honourable_a advantage_n if_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v but_o africanus_n wouâ—d_v promise_v nothing_o more_o than_o only_o private_a office_n of_o kindness_n modest_o let_v they_o to_o know_v that_o since_o antiochus_n be_v now_o in_o such_o a_o 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frequent_o salute_v king_n in_o spain_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o and_o occasion_v he_o to_o have_v a_o day_n set_v he_o by_o the_o tribune_n to_o answer_v it_o before_o the_o people_n the_o day_n of_o hear_v be_v come_v and_o the_o tribune_n have_v take_v their_o place_n in_o the_o rostra_fw-la this_o great_a man_n enter_v the_o assembly_n with_o a_o mighty_a train_n of_o friend_n and_o client_n all_o the_o people_n have_v their_o eye_n fix_v upon_o he_o with_o admiration_n silence_n be_v make_v he_o with_o a_o undaunted_a bravery_n put_v on_o his_o triumphal_a crown_n and_o with_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o conqueror_n cry_v this_o very_a day_n o_o roman_n i_o do_v overcome_v the_o fierce_a hannibal_n and_o vanquish_v the_o powerful_a carthaginian_n therefore_o let_v we_o lay_v aside_o private_a contest_v and_o go_v as_o many_o as_o can_v to_o the_o capitol_n to_o thank_v the_o god_n for_o give_v i_o the_o will_n and_o power_n of_o dâ—ing_v such_o eminent_a service_n for_o my_o country_n whereupon_o go_v up_o to_o the_o capitol_n the_o whole_a assembly_n follow_v he_o as_o also_o to_o all_o the_o temple_n in_o the_o city_n insomuch_o that_o the_o very_a viatâ—rs_n and_o clerk_n leave_v the_o tribune_n alone_o who_o from_o accuser_n be_v turn_v admirer_n short_o after_o the_o tribune_n accuse_v he_o in_o the_o senate-house_n and_o desire_v he_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o his_o answer_n scipio_n bold_o rise_v up_o produce_v his_o book_n of_o account_n and_o â—ore_v they_o in_o piece_n before_o they_o all_o disdain_v to_o give_v a_o account_n for_o so_o small_a a_o matter_n in_o comparison_n of_o those_o vast_a sum_n be_v himself_o have_v bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n the_o next_o day_n of_o appearance_n he_o absent_v himself_o and_o his_o brother_n declare_v his_o indisposition_n he_o be_v excuse_v and_o another_o day_n appoint_v before_o which_o time_n he_o withdraw_v himself_o to_o linternum_n a_o sea-town_n of_o campania_n and_o there_o liuâ—d_v a_o retired_a life_n in_o his_o absence_n the_o tribune_n be_v very_o violent_a against_o he_o yet_o through_o the_o interposition_n of_o gracchus_n one_o of_o they_o he_o be_v not_o condemn_v his_o brother_n asiaticus_n be_v short_o after_o call_v to_o a_o account_n about_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o by_o gracchus_n mean_n likewise_o escape_v public_a punishment_n the_o year_n follow_v many_o scandalous_a abuse_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o bacchus_n be_v strict_o inquire_v into_o and_o reform_v three_o year_n after_o which_o the_o great_a africanus_n die_v who_o according_a to_o val._n maximus_n order_v 571._o ingrata_fw-la patria_fw-la ne_fw-la ossa_fw-la quidem_fw-la mea_fw-la habes_fw-la to_o be_v engrave_v on_o his_o tomb_n my_o ungrateful_a country_n shall_v have_v none_o of_o my_o remain_n this_o same_o year_n be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o death_n of_o two_o other_o famous_a man_n philopoemen_n captain_n of_o the_o achaean_n in_o greece_n and_o hannibal_n the_o latter_a of_o 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vote_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n videant_fw-la consules_a ne_fw-la quid_fw-la detrimenti_fw-la respublicâ—_n accipiat_fw-la marius_n therefore_o with_o his_o colleague_n set_v upon_o saturninus_n in_o the_o public_a assembly_n and_o force_v he_o and_o his_o follower_n into_o the_o capitol_n where_o for_o want_v of_o water_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v after_o marius_n have_v give_v they_o his_o faith_n for_o their_o safety_n saturninus_z and_o glaucius_n much_o rely_v upon_o marius_n not_o scruple_v to_o give_v out_o 654._o that_o they_o be_v but_o the_o actor_n and_o instrument_n of_o his_o design_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o security_n they_o be_v all_o cut_n in_o piece_n by_o the_o equites_fw-la in_o the_o foâ—rum_n who_o break_v in_o among_o they_o and_o numidicus_n especial_o by_o his_o son_n industry_n be_v recall_v with_o the_o general_n applause_n of_o the_o people_n the_o war_n abroad_o and_o the_o dissension_n and_o corâ—uptions_n at_o home_n do_v not_o hinder_v learning_n for_o that_o â—till_o flourish_v more_o than_o ever_o and_o poetry_n be_v come_v almost_o to_o its_o high_a pitch_n in_o rome_n for_o a_o little_a before_o â—his_n flourish_v the_o famous_a lucretius_n a_o admirable_a poâ—t_n in_o his_o kind_n and_o in_o many_o particular_n scarce_o inferior_a to_o virgil._n now_o for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n there_o be_v no_o great_a action_n abroad_o nor_o any_o oâ—en_a sedition_n at_o home_n but_o however_o there_o be_v great_a dissatisfaction_n among_o those_o of_o the_o senatorian_a order_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o power_n of_o judicature_n give_v to_o the_o equites_fw-la by_o c._n gracchus_n law_n which_o prove_v a_o extraordinary_a grievance_n to_o â—em_v the_o commonwealth_n too_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v the_o publican_n who_o farmed_a the_o public_a revenue_n be_v as_o they_o be_v equites_fw-la both_o judge_n and_o party_n upon_o these_o account_n drusus_n the_o tribune_n a_o 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city_n a_o great_a concourse_n of_o stranger_n be_v occasion_v upon_o this_o account_n and_o as_o great_a a_o contention_n raise_v where_o philippus_n the_o consul_n for_o oppose_v the_o law_n for_o divide_v the_o land_n be_v disgraceful_o buffet_v by_o one_o of_o the_o stranger_n and_o violent_a disturbance_n follow_v drusus_n disappoint_v in_o this_o particular_a still_o endeavour_v to_o perform_v his_o promise_n to_o the_o italian_n but_o go_v home_o accompany_v with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o people_n he_o be_v stab_v in_o the_o court_n of_o his_o own_o house_n have_v breath_n enough_o to_o say_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v never_o find_v a_o person_n more_o true_a to_o her_o interest_n than_o he_o iv._o these_o trouble_n do_v not_o end_v with_o drusus_n death_n 663._o for_o soon_o after_o a_o very_a dangerous_a war_n break_v out_o upon_o this_o account_n with_o most_o of_o the_o italian_n call_v the_o social_n or_o italian_a war._n these_o people_n have_v for_o some_o time_n take_v it_o very_o heinous_o that_o they_o be_v deny_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n which_o have_v be_v partly_o promise_v they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gracchi_n but_o now_o drusus_n death_n who_o have_v very_o much_o heighten_v their_o expectation_n enrage_v they_o more_o than_o eveâ—_n especial_o when_o the_o equites_fw-la immediate_o after_o have_v by-force_n of_o arm_n procure_v a_o law_n for_o banish_v all_o the_o great_a person_n who_o be_v not_o for_o their_o interest_n the_o italian_n also_o think_v that_o they_o have_v sufficient_a reason_n to_o expect_v this_o privilege_n from_o that_o city_n who_o subsistance_n and_o empire_n have_v be_v so_o much_o maintain_v by_o their_o valour_n they_o common_o send_v out_o double_a the_o number_n of_o troop_n to_o those_o of_o rome_n upon_o these_o ground_n they_o resolve_v to_o procure_v that_o by_o force_n and_o violence_n which_o can_v not_o be_v obtain_v by_o entreaty_n and_o civil_a mean_n and_o thereupon_o they_o join_v together_o in_o a_o close_a confederacy_n and_o private_o send_v message_n and_o hostage_n to_o each_o other_o namely_o the_o lucanian_o apulian_o marsi_n peligni_n with_o many_o other_o and_o especial_o the_o old_a enemy_n of_o rome_n the_o samnite_n who_o make_v their_o preparation_n with_o equal_a diligence_n and_o secrecy_n these_o private_a transaction_n be_v discover_v at_o rome_n though_o late_a enough_o spy_n be_v immediate_o send_v out_o into_o all_o quarter_n to_o make_v what_o further_a discovery_n they_o can_v one_o of_o which_o happen_v to_o see_v a_o young_a man_n of_o asculum_n carryâ—d_v into_o another_o city_n for_o a_o hostage_n thereupon_o acquaint_v servilius_n the_o proconsul_n who_o go_v to_o asculum_n and_o reprimand_v the_o citizen_n of_o that_o place_n be_v set_v upon_o and_o slay_v together_o with_o all_o the_o roman_n their_o design_n be_v now_o whole_o discover_v for_o their_o great_a security_n they_o all_o break_v out_o into_o open_a rebellion_n 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that_o henceforward_o the_o body_n of_o the_o slay_v shall_v be_v bury_v where_o they_o die_v which_o as_o a_o prudent_a example_n be_v likewise_o follow_v by_o the_o enemy_n after_o the_o death_n of_o rutilius_n his_o army_n be_v commit_v to_o marius_n his_o lieutenant_n and_o capio_fw-la who_o act_v in_o conjunction_n with_o he_o caepio_n be_v slay_v not_o long_o after_o in_o a_o ambuscade_n lay_v by_o popedius_n one_o of_o the_o italian_a general_n so_o marius_n have_v his_o desire_n of_o command_v alone_o and_o do_v excellent_a service_n as_o likewise_o do_v sylla_n the_o same_o year_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n pompeius_n strabo_n father_n to_o pompey_n the_o great_a and_o porcius_n cato_n be_v make_v consul_n and_o now_o the_o senate_n think_v fit_a to_o give_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n to_o such_o of_o the_o italian_n as_o have_v not_o revolt_a which_o much_o establish_v those_o who_o be_v somewhat_o waver_v in_o their_o mind_n and_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o 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behead_v sylla_n
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full_a of_o passion_n and_o disdain_n after_o this_o he_o send_v proculus_n to_o employ_v his_o utmost_a address_n to_o seize_v upon_o cleopatra_n extreme_o desire_v to_o save_v her_o treasure_n but_o more_o especial_o to_o grace_v his_o triumph_n with_o this_o queen_n who_o have_v so_o long_o triumph_v over_o the_o roman_a commander_n cleopatra_n refuse_v proculus_n entrance_n but_o through_o the_o door_n demand_v egypt_n for_o her_o child_n which_o cause_v proculus_n after_o observe_v the_o avenue_n of_o the_o monument_n to_o return_v to_o octavius_n who_o the_o same_o instant_a send_v gallus_n with_o he_o to_o make_v her_o new_a proposition_n while_o gallus_n be_v discourse_v with_o cleopatra_n below_o proculus_n with_o two_o other_o enter_v by_o the_o window_n at_o which_o anthony_n have_v be_v draw_v up_o which_o one_o of_o her_o woman_n perceive_v present_o shriek_v out_o wretched_a princess_n thou_o be_v take_v alive_a upon_o which_o cleopatra_n turn_v quick_a and_o draw_v out_o her_o dagger_n to_o stab_v herself_o but_o proculus_n catch_v hold_v of_o she_o say_v madam_n will_v you_o at_o once_o injure_v yourself_o and_o caesar_n in_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a testimony_n he_o can_v give_v of_o his_o generosity_n and_o make_v the_o best_a and_o gentle_a prince_n in_o the_o world_n pass_v for_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a whereupon_o he_o disarm_v she_o search_v she_o lest_o any_o poison_n shall_v be_v conceal_v about_o she_o and_o after_o he_o have_v secure_v she_o he_o return_v to_o octavius_n with_o this_o joyful_a news_n octavius_n be_v extreme_o satisfy_v to_o find_v this_o haughty_a queen_n at_o his_o disposal_n who_o before_o have_v lift_v the_o crown_n of_o egypt_n above_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o first_o command_v epaphroditus_n to_o guard_n she_o with_o the_o great_a care_n and_o yet_o to_o serve_v she_o like_o a_o queen_n after_o which_o he_o make_v his_o entrance_n into_o alexandria_n after_o a_o solemn_a and_o pompous_a manner_n the_o majesty_n of_o octavius_n follow_v by_o so_o many_o arm_a soldier_n who_o breathe_v nothing_o but_o destruction_n drive_v the_o egyptian_n into_o great_a fear_n and_o apprehension_n implore_v his_o mercy_n upon_o their_o knee_n octavius_n tell_v they_o he_o pardon_v they_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o their_o illustrious_a founder_n alexander_n for_o the_o extraordinary_a beauty_n of_o the_o city_n and_o for_o his_o great_a esteem_n he_o have_v for_o arrius_n their_o fellow-citizen_n and_o philosopher_n several_a king_n prince_n and_o roman_a senator_n beg_v of_o he_o the_o body_n of_o anthony_n to_o pay_v their_o last_o respect_n to_o he_o but_o he_o will_v not_o deprive_v cleopatra_n of_o a_o satisfaction_n so_o dear_a to_o she_o and_o more_o than_o that_o he_o take_v care_n to_o furnish_v she_o with_o what_o be_v needful_a for_o the_o pomp_n of_o the_o funeral_n which_o she_o solemnize_v with_o extraordinary_a magnificence_n octavius_n take_v further_a care_n that_o nothing_o shall_v occasion_v the_o encrese_n of_o cleopatra_n affliction_n but_o the_o greatness_n of_o her_o soul_n and_o the_o nobleness_n of_o her_o courage_n make_v the_o loss_n of_o her_o liberty_n insupportable_a to_o she_o her_o excessive_a melancholy_n and_o the_o many_o blow_v she_o have_v give_v her_o breast_n put_v she_o into_o a_o slow_a fever_n which_o give_v her_o great_a hope_n of_o end_v her_o sorrow_n and_o her_o life_n in_o a_o short_a time_n she_o have_v beside_o resolve_v to_o abstain_v from_o eat_v if_o her_o physician_n have_v not_o discover_v this_o secret_n she_o have_v trust_v he_o with_o to_o octavius_n who_o immediate_o threaten_v to_o put_v her_o child_n all_o to_o death_n if_o she_o persist_v in_o her_o obstinacy_n this_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n she_o can_v be_v sensible_a of_o and_o the_o thought_n of_o this_o cause_v she_o to_o comply_v
and_o magistrate_n i_o mean_v such_o of_o they_o as_o can_v be_v so_o clear_o learn_v from_o rosinus_n and_o book_n of_o mere_a antiquity_n it_o be_v the_o historical_a account_n of_o all_o the_o various_a occasion_n and_o circumstance_n that_o can_v best_o clear_v some_o of_o these_o thing_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n may_v serve_v for_o one_o instance_n of_o this_o for_o no_o man_n can_v thorough_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o those_o magistrate_n without_o read_v the_o history_n of_o their_o creation_n and_o likewise_o their_o chief_a action_n afterward_o and_o still_o that_o this_o book_n may_v be_v as_o complete_a as_o i_o can_v make_v it_o i_o have_v at_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n intermix_v the_o history_n of_o the_o roman_a learning_n and_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o all_o the_o principal_a author_n as_o far_o as_o this_o history_n reach_v but_o still_o i_o have_v take_v care_n to_o join_v all_o this_o to_o the_o rest_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o both_o may_v make_v but_o one_o entire_a body_n but_o to_o show_v more_o noble_a uses_n of_o this_o book_n and_o that_o i_o may_v incite_v all_o gentleman_n to_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o roman_a history_n of_o which_o this_o be_v a_o introduction_n i_o shall_v give_v they_o the_o sense_n of_o what_o a_o very_a ingenious_a man_n say_v upon_o this_o subject_a it_o be_v the_o story_n of_o the_o fate_n and_o fortune_n of_o a_o city_n that_o raise_v itself_o to_o a_o universal_a empire_n and_o become_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o all_o from_o a_o troop_n of_o vagabond_n shepherd_n pack_v together_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o tiber._n it_o be_v a_o long_a train_n of_o the_o adventure_n of_o a_o people_n scandalous_a as_o it_o be_v in_o their_o origine_fw-la come_v of_o a_o extraction_n in_o a_o manner_n infamous_a bear_v and_o nurse_v up_o in_o plundering_n and_o murder_n and_o train_v up_o in_o villainy_n who_o become_v wise_a frugal_n just_a passionate_o studious_a of_o glory_n till_o they_o infinite_o overtopped_a the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n a_o people_n who_o prudence_n in_o their_o counsel_n who_o maturity_n of_o deliberation_n who_o diligence_n in_o execution_n who_o profound_a secrecy_n in_o the_o most_o important_a affair_n and_o who_o noble_a resolution_n in_o unavoidable_a danger_n and_o the_o great_a extreme_a tremity_n aught_o to_o be_v remember_v to_o all_o age_n it_o be_v a_o history_n of_o a_o state_n that_o grow_v so_o mighty_a from_o so_o small_a beginning_n of_o its_o progress_n its_o strange_a change_n the_o revolution_n of_o its_o power_n and_o greatness_n its_o amaze_a exaltation_n and_o the_o miraculous_a and_o almost_o unconceivable_a pitch_n of_o glory_n it_o arrive_v at_o and_o all_o by_o its_o patient_a endure_v of_o hardship_n by_o its_o perseverance_n in_o labour_n by_o its_o exact_a observation_n of_o law_n by_o the_o inviolable_a severity_n of_o its_o discipline_n in_o the_o duty_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n and_o by_o train_v up_o a_o well_o regulate_v and_o courageous_a soldiery_n encourage_v and_o elevate_v with_o the_o sole_a prospect_n of_o aggrandize_v the_o roman_a name_n it_o be_v a_o nation_n that_o be_v virtuous_a through_o a_o true_a principle_n of_o honour_n who_o valour_n be_v more_o the_o product_n of_o the_o head_n than_o heart_n a_o nation_n that_o court_v or_o avoid_v danger_n from_o a_o result_n of_o prudence_n and_o know_v as_o well_o when_o to_o expose_v itself_o as_o when_o to_o retreat_v by_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o obtain_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n more_o by_o the_o reputation_n of_o its_o virtue_n than_o the_o force_n of_o its_o arms._n a_o advertisement_n of_o this_o second_o edition_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o this_o history_n i_o acknowledge_v that_o i_o have_v not_o bestow_v sufficient_a pain_n in_o the_o perfect_a the_o style_n in_o some_o place_n which_o proceed_v not_o only_o from_o a_o want_n of_o time_n but_o also_o from_o the_o great_a care_n i_o have_v upon_o i_o of_o perfect_a the_o matter_n and_o proportion_v its_o several_a part_n to_o that_o small_a compass_n to_o which_o i_o be_v over-strict_o confine_v the_o principal_a fault_n beside_o a_o little_a abruptness_n in_o some_o few_o period_n be_v the_o have_v expression_n in_o several_a place_n somewhat_o too_o low_a and_o vulgar_a for_o history_n which_o require_v the_o utmost_a purity_n as_o well_o as_o the_o great_a strength_n this_o fault_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n correct_v in_o this_o edition_n which_o i_o assert_v with_o the_o great_a freedom_n because_o i_o have_v be_v much_o assist_v by_o person_n of_o the_o great_a judgement_n in_o these_o matter_n who_o name_n i_o ought_v not_o to_o mention_v without_o their_o particular_a leave_n in_o examine_v the_o style_n i_o likewise_o find_v the_o matter_n in_o many_o place_n defective_a and_o capable_a of_o great_a improvement_n with_o no_o great_a inlargement_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o have_v make_v several_a considerable_a addition_n in_o most_o part_n of_o this_o history_n especial_o in_o the_o last_o book_n and_o particular_o in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o chapter_n where_o several_a material_a action_n be_v manifest_o too_o short_o and_o lame_o relate_v i_o be_o true_o sensible_a that_o i_o have_v disoblige_v those_o person_n who_o have_v buy_v the_o first_o edition_n in_o not_o put_v these_o addition_n in_o distinct_a place_n whereby_o they_o may_v have_v have_v they_o without_o buy_v the_o whole_a but_o i_o hope_v they_o will_v the_o more_o ready_o pardon_v i_o since_o these_o addition_n be_v of_o that_o nature_n that_o in_o many_o place_n it_o will_v be_v as_o difficult_a to_o separate_v they_o from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o book_n as_o to_o separate_v the_o alteration_n make_v in_o the_o style_n i_o undertake_v this_o second_o edition_n the_o more_o willing_o because_o the_o number_n of_o the_o first_o be_v so_o small_a and_o therefore_o the_o less_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o world_n but_o i_o here_o promise_v never_o to_o make_v any_o further_a addition_n to_o it_o for_o the_o future_a nor_o any_o correction_n except_o those_o of_o the_o press_n of_o which_o thâ—re_n be_v these_o follow_a error_n in_o this_o edition_n occasion_v by_o my_o distance_n from_o the_o town_n which_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o correct_v before_o he_o read_v the_o book_n errata_fw-la page_n 26._o in_o the_o margin_n read_v 83._o p._n 73._o l._n 20._o for_o be_v r._n be_v p._n 153._o l._n 9_o between_o the_o and_o dictator_n r._n first_o p._n 176._o l._n 21._o r._n be_v p._n 178._o l._n 1._o between_o the_o and_o time_n r._n night_n p._n 185._o l._n 26._o for_o there_o r._n thâ—â—_n p._n 220._o l._n 〈◊〉_d for_o stand_v r._n and._n p._n 223._o l._n 10._o after_o 〈◊〉_d add_v raise_v l._n 12._o deal_n raise_v l._n 25._o after_o such_o add_v in_o p._n 249._o l._n 4._o r._n massina_n p._n 257._o l._n 27_o r._n myssians_n p._n 276._o l._n 30._o r._n maâ—ilius_n p._n 283._o l._n 5._o r._n show_v l._n 12._o r._n proceed_v p._n 284._o l._n 17._o r._n deal_v notwithstanding_o p._n 300._o in_o the_o margin_n r._n 696._o p._n 302._o l._n 26._o deal_n reveral_a p._n 303._o l._n 7._o for_o 〈◊〉_d in_o r._n not_o a_o tiâ—â—sand_n p._n 306._o l._n 12._o r._n to_o hnder_n p._n 308._o l._n 12._o r._n labienus_n p._n 312._o l._n 3._o r._n parthia_n p._n 416._o l_o 17._o r._n casariâ—_n p._n 440._o l._n 31._o deal_n the_o second_o to_o p._n 445._o l._n 9_o after_o this_o add_v be_v there_o be_v some_o few_o other_o error_n but_o such_o as_o will_v not_o easy_o mislead_v the_o reader_n the_o content_n book_n i._o the_o regal_a state_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o that_o kind_a of_o government_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 245_o year_n the_o introduction_n of_o the_o original_a of_o rome_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n chap._n i._o from_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o death_n of_o romulus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 37_o year_n chap._n ii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o romulus_n to_o the_o death_n of_o numa_n pompilius_n the_o second_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v 44_o year_n chap._n iii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o numa_n to_o the_o death_n of_o tullus_n hostilius_n the_o three_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v 33_o year_n chap._n iu._n from_o the_o death_n of_o hostilius_n to_o the_o death_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n the_o four_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v 24_o year_n chap._n v._o from_o the_o death_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n to_o the_o death_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n the_o five_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v 38_o year_n chap._n vi_o from_o the_o death_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n to_o the_o death_n of_o servius_n tullius_n the_o six_o king_n of_o rome_n
contain_v 44_o year_n chap._n vii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o servius_n tullius_n to_o the_o banishment_n of_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o rome_n which_o cause_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o regal_a state_n contain_v 25_o year_n book_n ii_o the_o consular_a state_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o beginning_n of_o that_o government_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o by_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 449_o year_n chap._n i._o from_o the_o banishment_n of_o the_o last_o king_n to_o the_o first_o dictator_n which_o be_v the_o first_o intermission_n of_o the_o consular_a power_n contain_v 10_o year_n chap._n ii_o from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o first_o dictator_n to_o the_o great_a retrenchment_n of_o the_o consular_a power_n by_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n contain_v 5_o year_n chap._n iii_o from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n to_o the_o second_o intermission_n of_o the_o consular_a power_n by_o the_o decemviri_fw-la contain_v 42_o year_n chap._n iu._n from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o decemviri_fw-la to_o the_o three_o intermission_n of_o the_o consular_a power_n by_o the_o military_a tribune_n contain_v 8_o year_n chap._n v._o from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o military_a tribune_n to_o the_o burn_v of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n which_o almost_o ruine_v the_o roman_a nation_n contain_v 54_o year_n chap._n vi_o from_o the_o burn_a of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n to_o the_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n when_o the_o roman_n begin_v much_o to_o extend_v their_o conquest_n contain_v 46_o year_n chap._n vii_o from_o the_o first_o war_n with_o the_o samnite_n to_o the_o war_n with_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n the_o first_o foreigner_n they_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o wherein_o the_o roman_n begin_v to_o learn_v the_o art_n of_o war_n contain_v 63_o year_n chap._n viii_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n with_o pyrrhus_n to_o the_o first_o punic_a or_o carthaginian_a war_n when_o the_o roman_n first_o set_v foot_n out_o of_o italy_n contain_v 16_o year_n chap._n ix_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n to_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o the_o roman_n now_o grow_v powerful_a by_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o by_o land_n contain_v 17_o year_n chap._n x._o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n to_o the_o finish_n of_o it_o by_o scipio_n africanus_n when_o the_o roman_n become_v perfect_a in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n containiny_o 17_o year_n chap._n xi_o from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o and_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n when_o rome_n get_v clear_a of_o all_o her_o rival_n state_n contain_v 55_o year_n chap._n xii_o from_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sedition_n of_o the_o gracchi_n which_o much_o shake_v the_o government_n and_o be_v the_o first_o step_v to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n contain_v 23_o year_n chap._n xiii_o from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sedition_n of_o the_o gracchi_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o civil_a war_n in_o italy_n and_o to_o the_o perpetual_a dictatorship_n of_o sylla_n which_o be_v the_o second_o great_a step_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n contain_v 41_o year_n chap._n fourteen_o from_o the_o perpetual_a dictatorship_n of_o sylla_n to_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n namely_o caesar_n pompey_n and_o crassus_n which_o prove_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n and_o be_v the_o first_o step_v to_o the_o set_n up_o of_o the_o imperial_a contain_v 22_o year_n book_n iii_o the_o mix_v state_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n to_o the_o perfect_a settlement_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 33_o year_n chap._n i._o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n to_o the_o death_n of_o crassus_n one_o of_o the_o combination_n which_o break_v and_o divide_v that_o party_n contain_v 7_o year_n chap._n ii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o crassus_n to_o the_o death_n of_o pompey_n which_o make_v way_n for_o caesar_n absolute_a authority_n and_o be_v the_o second_o step_v to_o the_o imperial_a state_n contain_v above_o 5_o year_n chap._n iii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o pompey_n to_o the_o death_n of_o caesar_n which_o finish_v the_o first_o triumvirate_n but_o still_o keep_v down_o the_o consular_a state_n contain_v 4_o year_n chap._n iu._n from_o the_o death_n of_o caesar_n to_o the_o defeat_v and_o death_n of_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n by_o the_o second_o triumvirate_n octavius_n anthony_n and_o lepidus_z which_o ruine_v the_o remain_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n contain_v above_o 2_o year_n chap._n v._o from_o the_o death_n of_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n to_o the_o banishment_n of_o lepidus_n which_o vary_v the_o course_n of_o the_o triumvirate_n power_n contain_v 6_o year_n chap._n vi_o from_o the_o banishment_n of_o lepidus_n to_o the_o death_n of_o anthony_n which_o make_v way_n for_o octavius_n absolute_a authority_n and_o be_v the_o last_o step_v to_o the_o imperial_a state_n contain_v 6_o year_n chap._n vii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o anthony_n to_o the_o perfect_a settlement_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o octavius_n which_o end_v all_o disturbance_n and_o bring_v rome_n to_o its_o utmost_a glory_n contain_v 3_o year_n the_o roman_a history_n book_n i._n the_o regal_a state_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o that_o kind_a of_o government_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 245_o year_n the_o introduction_n of_o the_o original_a of_o rome_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n i._o in_o relate_v such_o great_a and_o remarkable_a affair_n as_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o original_a of_o that_o people_n and_o to_o make_v the_o account_n as_o clear_v and_o intelligible_a as_o i_o can_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o first_o to_o observe_v that_o that_o country_n which_o be_v ancient_o call_v italy_n of_o which_o rome_n be_v afterward_o the_o chief_a city_n do_v not_o contain_v above_o one_o half_a of_o what_o now_o go_v by_o that_o name_n but_o as_o small_a as_o it_o be_v it_o contain_v many_o distinct_a nation_n and_o people_n the_o principal_a of_o which_o be_v the_o aborigines_n sabines_n etrurians_n or_o tuscan_n umbri_n samnite_n campani_a apulii_n calabri_n lucanii_fw-la and_o brutii_n and_o other_o of_o inferior_a note_n which_o be_v often_o dependent_a on_o these_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o what_o be_v now_o call_v italy_n that_o be_v principal_o possess_v by_o the_o gaul_n who_o have_v drive_v out_o the_o etrurians_n and_o settle_v themselves_o in_o these_o part_n be_v distinguish_v into_o several_a name_n as_o the_o senones_n the_o insubres_n etc._n etc._n this_o part_n go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o gallia_n cis-alpina_a and_o togata_fw-la to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o gaul_n which_o be_v now_o call_v france_n and_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o the_o present_a lombardy_n the_o chief_a inhabitant_n of_o it_o beside_o the_o several_a nation_n of_o the_o gaul_n be_v the_o ligures_n and_o the_o veneti_n of_o all_o the_o forementioned_a people_n the_o aborigines_n afterward_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o latin_n be_v of_o principal_a note_n not_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o any_o particular_a excellency_n but_o as_o be_v better_o know_v and_o much_o more_o inquire_v after_o by_o all_o historian_n these_o be_v of_o the_o posterity_n of_o the_o oenotrian_o a_o grecian_a people_n of_o arcadia_n who_o have_v drive_v out_o the_o siculi_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n of_o italy_n they_o possess_v the_o country_n of_o latium_n 〈◊〉_d a_o small_a country_n along_o the_o river_n tiber_n about_o 30_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 16_o in_o breadth_n contain_v near_o a_o four_o part_n of_o that_o little_a province_n in_o the_o pope_n dominion_n now_o call_v campagna-di-roma_a we_o find_v these_o govern_v by_o their_o own_o king_n nigh_o 200_o year_n before_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n and_o above_o 1300_o before_o christ_n the_o first_o king_n we_o hear_v of_o in_o italy_n or_o in_o all_o europe_n except_o greece_n these_o king_n keep_v their_o court_n at_o laurentum_n a_o city_n about_o 5_o mile_n off_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n tiber_n and_o be_v governor_n of_o a_o mix_a people_n for_o first_o some_o pelasgian_o out_o of_o thessaly_n settle_v among_o they_o soon_o after_o saturn_n from_o crect_n who_o flee_v from_o his_o son_n jupiter_n which_o occasion_v their_o change_n of_o their_o name_n to_o latin_n latini_n à _fw-la latendo_fw-la from_o his_o lie_v hide_v there_o next_o evander_n from_o arcadia_n than_o hercules_n from_o greece_n with_o their_o several_a follower_n but_o the_o last_o who_o settle_v in_o this_o country_n according_a to_o dionysius_n be_v some_o
relic_n of_o the_o trojan_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o prince_n aeneas_n who_o have_v leave_v his_o native_a country_n and_o his_o enrage_a enemy_n to_o seek_v out_o foreign_a habitation_n these_o be_v about_o 1200_o in_o all_o though_o some_o will_v allow_v but_o half_a that_o number_n and_o arrive_v in_o these_o part_n three_o year_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n and_o above_o 400_o before_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n a._n m._n 2824._o aeneas_n at_o his_o first_o land_n be_v very_o civil_o entertain_v by_o latinus_n the_o king_n then_o reign_v as_o a_o person_n of_o great_a renown_n who_o not_o only_o treat_v he_o honourable_o but_o give_v he_o his_o only_a daughter_n lavinia_n in_o marriage_n this_o occasion_v a_o war_n between_o he_o and_o turnus_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o rutuli_n their_o near_a neighbour_n who_o have_v former_o make_v pretension_n to_o she_o but_o these_o war_n soon_o end_v in_o turnus_n death_n which_o do_v not_o only_o free_a aeneas_n from_o a_o rival_n but_o secure_v his_o kingdom_n which_o latinus_n give_v he_o for_o his_o daughter_n portion_n after_o his_o decease_n aâ—neas_n thus_o settle_v soon_o after_o build_v the_o city_n of_o lavinium_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o wife_n about_o five_o or_o six_o mile_n east_n of_o laurentum_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o court_n and_o the_o more_o to_o oblige_v his_o subject_n cause_v both_o they_o and_o his_o own_o countryman_n to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o common_a name_n of_o latini_n but_o engage_v in_o a_o bloody_a war_n with_o mezentius_n a_o king_n of_o the_o etrurians_n he_o be_v slay_v after_o a_o short_a reign_n of_o four_o year_n his_o subject_n in_o honour_n to_o his_o memory_n dedicate_v a_o chapel_n to_o he_o under_o the_o title_n of_o jupiter_n indiges_n indiges_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o aeneas_n his_o son_n ascanius_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n but_o lavinia_n be_v leave_v with_o child_n by_o he_o out_o of_o fear_n flee_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o be_v there_o deliver_v of_o a_o son_n who_o from_o the_o place_n of_o his_o birth_n have_v the_o name_n of_o silvius_n thirty_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o lavinium_n ascanius_n leave_v it_o to_o his_o mother-in-law_n and_o found_v alba-longa_n about_o 12_o mile_n north_n of_o it_o which_o he_o make_v his_o seat_n ascanius_n have_v a_o son_n call_v julus_n from_o who_o come_v the_o famous_a family_n of_o the_o julii_fw-la julii_fw-la this_o son_n after_o his_o mother_n death_n contend_v with_o silvius_n for_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o people_n judge_v that_o to_o belong_v to_o latinus_n race_n give_v the_o kingdom_n to_o silvius_n and_o the_o priesthood_n to_o julus_n in_o who_o family_n it_o thenceforth_o continue_a after_z silvius_z succeed_v 13_o king_n of_o the_o same_o race_n for_o nigh_o 400_o year_n who_o all_o have_v their_o seat_n at_o alba_n and_o many_o of_o they_o likewise_o have_v the_o name_n of_o silvius_n these_o king_n be_v as_o follow_v aeneas_z silvius_z who_o reign_v 31_o year_n latinus_n who_o reign_v 51_o alba_n 39_o capetus_n i._n 26_o capys_n 28_o capetus_n ii_o 13_o tiberinus_n 8_o agrippa_z 24_o alladius_n 19_o aventinus_n 37_o procas_n 23_o amulius_n 42_o and_o numitor_n who_o be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o alba._n except_o the_o two_o last_o we_o have_v but_o little_a remarkable_a concern_v these_o king_n only_a tiberinus_n give_v name_n to_o the_o river_n tiber_n tiber._n by_o be_v drown_v in_o it_o it_o be_v before_o call_v albula_n and_o aventinus_n give_v name_n to_o mount_n aventine_n aventine_n one_o of_o the_o seven_o hill_n of_o rome_n these_o be_v call_v the_o king_n of_o alba_n or_o of_o old_a latium_n which_o scarce_o contain_v the_o six_o part_n of_o what_o be_v call_v latium_n in_o augustus_n reign_n latium_n which_o then_o comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o old_a latini_n but_o also_o the_o rutuli_n aequi_n hernici_n volsci_n and_o arunci_n this_o kingdom_n though_o very_o small_a according_a to_o the_o dimension_n before_o give_v of_o it_o be_v very_o fruitful_a populous_a and_o full_a of_o town_n and_o alba_n itself_o be_v a_o great_a and_o flourish_a city_n and_o have_v be_v the_o mother_n of_o thirty_o latin_a town_n when_o it_o be_v destroy_v by_o tullus_n hostilius_n the_o three_o king_n of_o rome_n ii_o but_o to_o come_v close_o to_o the_o roman_a story_n amulius_n and_o numitor_n 3209._o the_o two_o last_o of_o these_o king_n be_v brother_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v between_o they_o that_o numitâ—r_v the_o elder_a shall_v have_v the_o kingdom_n and_o amulius_n the_o treasure_n and_o gold_n that_o be_v bring_v from_o troy_n but_o money_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o mere_a authority_n amulius_n soon_o get_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o secure_v it_o to_o himself_o against_o the_o pretension_n of_o his_o posterity_n cause_v his_o son_n lausus_n to_o be_v murder_v in_o a_o pretend_a hunt_v and_o his_o daughter_n rhea_n to_o be_v make_v a_o vestal_a virgin_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o her_o priesthood_n go_v to_o fetch_v water_n she_o be_v meet_v and_o ravish_v by_o some_o lover_n or_o probable_o by_o amulius_n himself_o rather_o as_o be_v suppose_v to_o serve_v his_o other_o design_n than_o to_o gratify_v his_o lust._n but_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o fact_n be_v lay_v upon_o mars_n in_o who_o grove_n it_o be_v commit_v who_o come_v to_o she_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o in_o a_o most_o dreadful_a manner_n with_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n rhea_n prove_v with_o child_n be_v deliver_v of_o two_o boy_n and_o thereupon_o be_v condemn_v to_o death_n or_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n and_o her_o child_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o river_n but_o the_o wind_n and_o stream_n be_v both_o so_o favourable_a that_o at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o water_n they_o be_v leave_v safe_a upon_o dry_a ground_n and_o there_o happy_o find_v by_o faustulus_n amuliusâ—s_n herdsman_n and_o suckle_v by_o his_o wife_n laurentia_n who_o for_o her_o infamous_a life_n be_v call_v lupa_n and_o this_o probable_o may_v occasion_v the_o famous_a story_n of_o their_o be_v nourish_v by_o a_o wolf_n the_o name_n of_o these_o twin_n be_v romulus_n and_o remus_n the_o child_n grow_v up_o prove_v active_a and_o courageous_a suitable_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o birth_n but_o the_o meanness_n of_o their_o education_n give_v they_o occasion_n of_o fall_v out_o with_o some_o of_o numitor_n herdsman_n in_o which_o contest_v remus_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o bring_v before_o the_o king_n upon_o which_o faustulus_n discover_v to_o romulus_n all_o the_o particular_n of_o his_o birth_n and_o hard_a usage_n from_o amulius_n beg_v he_o to_o be_v assistant_n in_o the_o rescue_n of_o remus_n romulus_n soon_o draw_v together_o a_o great_a number_n of_o herdsman_n and_o inferior_a people_n who_o hate_v amulius_n who_o he_o divide_v into_o company_n consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o man_n each_o every_o captain_n carry_v a_o small_a bundle_n of_o grass_n and_o shrub_n tie_v to_o a_o pole_n the_o latin_n call_v such_o bundle_n manipuli_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o their_o army_n they_o call_v their_o captain_n manipulares_fw-la manipulares_fw-la remus_n gain_v upon_o the_o citizen_n within_o and_o romulus_n make_v attack_n from_o without_o amulius_n not_o know_v what_o expedient_a to_o think_v of_o for_o his_o security_n in_o that_o amazement_n and_o distraction_n be_v take_v and_o slay_v the_o brother_n settle_v their_o grandfather_n numitor_n in_o his_o throne_n after_o he_o have_v be_v depose_v forty_o two_o year_n the_o affair_n of_o alba_n succeed_v thus_o prosperous_o 3251._o the_o youngman_n ambitious_a of_o glory_n be_v desirous_a of_o sound_v a_o city_n in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v bring_v up_o which_o design_n be_v approve_v of_o by_o their_o grandfather_n who_o appoint_v they_o land_n with_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o he_o know_v be_v of_o his_o brother_n faction_n and_o likewise_o give_v free_a liberty_n to_o all_o other_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o this_o new_a colony_n most_o of_o the_o trojan_n come_v in_o of_o which_o there_o remain_v fifty_o family_n in_o caesar_n time_n as_o dionysius_n inform_v we_o and_o also_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n about_o the_o palatine-hill_n where_o the_o city_n be_v build_v which_o be_v about_o 14_o mile_n north-west_n of_o alba_n upon_o the_o river_n tiber._n for_o the_o more_o speedy_a carry_v on_o this_o work_n the_o people_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n who_o be_v to_o work_v by_o way_n of_o emulation_n but_o what_o be_v design_v for_o a_o considerable_a advantage_n prove_v a_o great_a inconveniency_n for_o it_o give_v birth_n to_o two_o faction_n whereof_o one_o prefer_v romulus_n and_o the_o other_o remus_n which_o swell_v they_o with_o the_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o preeminence_n this_o soon_o appear_v in_o their_o
disagreement_n about_o the_o place_n of_o building_n romulus_n contend_v for_o the_o palatine_a where_o they_o be_v bring_v up_o and_o remus_n for_o the_o aventine-hill_n upon_o which_o the_o matter_n be_v bring_v before_o their_o grandfather_n numitor_n who_o advise_v they_o both_o to_o go_v apart_o and_o observe_v the_o fly_n of_o bird_n and_o the_o most_o fortunate_a of_o the_o two_o shall_v be_v count_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o colony_n they_o both_o take_v their_o station_n upon_o their_o own_o hill_n and_o remus_n first_o have_v a_o flight_n of_o 6_o vulture_n but_o romulus_n have_v or_o pretend_v to_o have_v double_v the_o number_n both_o be_v salute_v by_o the_o title_n of_o king_n this_o widen_v the_o breach_n and_o the_o contention_n grow_v so_o hot_a as_o to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n wherein_o remus_n be_v worsted_n and_o slay_v with_o several_z other_o particular_o faustulus_n and_o his_o brother_n plistinus_fw-la but_o it_o be_v likewise_o say_v that_o before_o the_o battle_n remus_n give_v his_o brother_n many_o great_a provocation_n particular_o by_o leap_v over_o his_o wall_n to_o ridicule_n he_o for_o the_o lowness_n of_o it_o romulus_n now_o sole_a commander_n and_o eighteen_o year_n of_o age_n begin_v the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o six_o olympiad_n according_a to_o varro_n account_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 3252_o the_o six_o year_n of_o jotham_n king_n of_o judah_n and_o the_o seven_o of_o pekah_n king_n of_o israel_n 431_o year_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n 120_o after_o the_o building_n of_o carthage_n 214_o before_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o persian_a empire_n and_o 752_o before_o christ_n and_o have_v get_v augur_n and_o such_o sort_n of_o people_n from_o hetruria_n he_o set_v about_o it_o with_o much_o ceremony_n on_o the_o 21_o day_n of_o april_n according_a to_o plutarch_n which_o day_n the_o roman_n anniversary_o keep_v holy_a call_v it_o their_o country_n birthday_n he_o take_v in_o the_o mount_n palatine_n only_o and_o with_o a_o heifer_n and_o a_o young_a bullock_n plow_v up_o a_o furrow_n where_o the_o wall_n be_v design_v which_o custom_n be_v afterward_o observe_v by_o the_o roman_n both_o in_o the_o build_n and_o raze_n of_o city_n and_o wherever_o a_o gate_n be_v to_o be_v make_v the_o blow_n be_v lift_v up_o which_o occasion_v it_o to_o be_v call_v porta_n a_o portando_fw-la aratrum_fw-la all_o within_o this_o line_n be_v call_v pomaerium_fw-la pomaerium_fw-la from_o post-murum_a or_o pone_fw-la maenia_n the_o city_n be_v almost_o square_a contain_v at_o first_o about_o 1000_o house_n and_o be_v nigh_o a_o mile_n in_o compass_n with_o four_o gate_n namely_o romanula_n janualis_fw-la mucionis_fw-la and_o carmentalis_n and_o a_o small_a territory_n belong_v to_o it_o of_o 7_o or_o 8_o mile_n long_o thus_o we_o see_v rome_n in_o its_o original_a a_o small_a inconsiderable_a beggarly_a place_n with_o dominion_n still_o of_o less_o note_n which_o yet_o from_o this_o mean_a and_o contemptible_a beginning_n become_v mistress_n of_o the_o world_n be_v first_o found_v and_o support_v by_o its_o king_n then_o strengthen_v and_o enlarge_v by_o its_o consul_n and_o at_o last_o bring_v to_o its_o utmost_a perfection_n by_o its_o emperor_n as_o for_o the_o art_n and_o contrivance_n the_o policy_n and_o cunning_a the_o strength_n and_o valour_n and_o the_o gradual_a proceed_n with_o the_o extraordinary_a fortune_n which_o contribute_v to_o make_v the_o roman_n master_n of_o such_o vast_a and_o powerful_a dominion_n these_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o this_o follow_a history_n chap._n i._n from_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o death_n of_o romulus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 37_o year_n i._o romulus_n have_v thus_o found_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n king_n by_o his_o grand-father_n advice_n leave_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o government_n to_o the_o people_n who_o immediate_o 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war_n and_o
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he_o also_o institute_v the_o order_n of_o the_o salii_fw-la and_o the_o feciale_n feciales_n priest_n devote_v to_o mars_n the_o former_a be_v to_o carry_v those_o sacred_a shield_n call_v ancilia_n and_o the_o latter_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o equity_n of_o war_n and_o proclaim_v it_o with_o much_o ceremony_n this_o prince_n though_o natural_o averse_a to_o all_o war_n yet_o consider_v that_o peace_n and_o security_n may_v too_o much_o soften_v and_o degenerate_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o multitude_n therefore_o he_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o imprint_v on_o their_o mind_n the_o notion_n of_o religion_n and_o virtue_n and_o the_o due_a reverence_n of_o god_n and_o to_o gain_v the_o more_o credit_n and_o obedience_n to_o his_o constitution_n he_o pretend_v he_o have_v often_o and_o immediate_a converse_n with_o the_o goddess_n egâ—ria_n and_o will_v be_v often_o tell_v they_o that_o strange_a vision_n and_o apparition_n be_v see_v and_o prophetic_a voice_n hear_v which_o story_n have_v great_a and_o remarkable_a effect_n upon_o a_o people_n so_o superstitious_o incline_v yet_o his_o religion_n be_v of_o a_o refine_a nature_n be_v much_o like_o that_o of_o pythagoras_n afterward_o and_o as_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v perceive_v by_o sense_n nor_o be_v liable_a to_o motion_n but_o be_v invisible_a immortal_a and_o to_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o understanding_n alone_o so_o numa_n forbid_v the_o roman_n to_o use_v the_o image_n of_o any_o god_n which_o represent_v he_o under_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n or_o any_o other_o live_a creature_n and_o this_o be_v strict_o observe_v in_o all_o their_o temple_n and_o sacred_a place_n for_o 170_o year_n at_o the_o least_o they_o hold_v it_o a_o great_a crime_n to_o liken_v such_o superior_a being_n to_o thing_n so_o much_o below_o '_o they_o for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o agriculture_n he_o divide_v those_o land_n which_o romulus_n have_v gain_v in_o war_n among_o the_o poor_a sort_n cause_v his_o subject_n to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o husbandry_n and_o by_o such_o kind_n of_o employment_n to_o cultivate_v their_o mind_n as_o well_o as_o the_o earth_n then_o he_o divide_v all_o the_o land_n into_o several_a parcel_n to_o which_o he_o give_v the_o name_n of_o pagi_n pagus_n or_o borough_n and_o over_o every_o one_o of_o these_o he_o ordain_v a_o chief_a or_o arbitrator_n in_o judicial_a cause_n and_o that_o he_o may_v take_v away_o all_o distinction_n of_o roman_a and_o sabine_a which_o threaten_v the_o state_n with_o endless_a faction_n and_o dangerous_a division_n he_o divide_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o their_o several_a trade_n and_o occupation_n make_v every_o art_n a_o particular_a company_n and_o society_n and_o appoint_v to_o every_o one_o their_o respective_a court_n and_o privilege_n and_o this_o be_v his_o masterpiece_n in_o politic_n he_o much_o abate_v the_o rigour_n of_o that_o law_n make_v by_o romulus_n concern_v the_o power_n of_o father_n over_o their_o child_n make_v it_o unlawful_a for_o they_o to_o sell_v their_o son_n after_o marriage_n because_o it_o be_v very_o unjust_a that_o a_o woman_n who_o have_v marry_v a_o freeman_n shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o live_v with_o a_o slave_n he_o also_o prescribe_v rule_n concern_v mourn_a a_o child_n of_o three_o year_n and_o so_o upward_o to_o ten_o be_v to_o be_v mourn_v for_o so_o many_o month_n as_o it_o be_v year_n old_a and_o the_o long_a time_n of_o mourn_v for_o any_o person_n be_v not_o to_o exceed_v the_o term_n of_o ten_o month_n which_o also_o be_v the_o time_n appoint_v for_o widow_n before_o which_o they_o can_v not_o without_o great_a indecency_n marry_v again_o but_o in_o case_n circumstance_n be_v such_o as_o not_o to_o admit_v of_o so_o long_a a_o term_n they_o be_v first_o to_o sacrifice_v a_o cow_n with_o a_o calf_n for_o expiation_n of_o their_o fault_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a thing_n do_v by_o this_o prince_n be_v the_o reformation_n of_o the_o year_n which_o in_o romulus_n time_n be_v much_o out_o of_o order_n some_o month_n have_v more_o than_o 35_o day_n and_o some_o few_o than_o twenty_o numa_n find_v the_o solar_a year_n to_o exceed_v the_o lunar_a by_o eleven_o day_n double_v these_o eleven_o day_n and_o every_o other_o year_n insert_v a_o month_n after_o february_n consist_v of_o 22_o day_n which_o be_v by_o the_o roman_n call_v mercedonius_n mercedonius_n because_o it_o be_v the_o usual_a time_n for_o pay_v of_o wage_n he_o likewise_o change_v the_o order_n of_o the_o month_n make_v january_n and_o february_n the_o first_o and_o second_o month_n which_o be_v the_o two_o last_o in_o romulus_n day_n month_n january_n have_v its_o name_n from_o janus_n the_o most_o ancient_a god_n or_o king_n in_o italy_n february_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o expiation_n which_o use_v to_o be_v in_o it_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n februa_n march_v so_o call_v from_o mars_n the_o suppose_a father_n of_o romulus_n which_o upon_o that_o account_n have_v be_v place_v first_o april_n from_o aphrodite_n or_o venus_n because_o of_o the_o superstitious_a worship_n which_o be_v perform_v in_o it_o when_o the_o woman_n be_v crown_v with_o myrtle_n may_v so_o name_v from_o maia_n the_o mother_n of_o mercury_n to_o who_o this_o month_n be_v make_v sacred_a june_n from_o juno_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o from_o juventus_fw-la because_o the_o season_n be_v warm_a and_o as_o it_o be_v juvenile_n the_o rest_n have_v their_o name_n from_o their_o order_n as_o quintilis_n sextilis_fw-la september_n october_n november_n and_o december_n only_a quintilis_n and_o sextilis_n be_v afterward_o turn_v into_o july_n and_o august_n by_o the_o emperor_n julius_n caesar_n and_o augustus_n numa_n be_v marry_v to_o tatia_n king_n tatius_n daughter_n by_o who_o he_o have_v one_o daughter_n name_v pompilia_n and_o after_o a_o reign_n of_o 43_o year_n be_v above_o 80_o year_n old_a he_o die_v and_o be_v bury_v with_o great_a honour_n and_o solemnity_n he_o forbid_v his_o body_n to_o be_v burn_v as_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o day_n but_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o stone_n coffin_n under_o the_o hill_n janiculum_n and_o the_o book_n of_o his_o ceremony_n be_v lay_v by_o he_o in_o another_o be_v twelve_o write_v in_o latin_a and_o as_o many_o in_o greek_a these_o be_v take_v up_o about_o 400_o year_n after_o and_o because_o it_o be_v think_v a_o piece_n of_o impiety_n to_o communicate_v such_o mystery_n to_o the_o multitude_n be_v burn_v by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n he_o keep_v the_o state_n in_o such_o a_o constant_a peace_n by_o his_o prudent_a management_n as_o do_v very_o much_o contribute_v to_o the_o strength_n and_o security_n of_o the_o city_n and_o he_o much_o improve_v and_o polish_a the_o rough_a genius_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n chap._n iii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o numa_n to_o the_o death_n of_o tullus_n hostilius_n the_o three_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 33_o year_n i._o upon_o the_o death_n of_o numa_n 82._o the_o government_n once_o more_o devolve_v upon_o the_o senate_n and_o after_o several_a interreges_fw-la tullus_n hostilius_n be_v create_v king_n by_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o people_n he_o be_v grandson_n to_o the_o famous_a hostilius_n who_o in_o romulus_n day_n have_v behave_v himself_o very_o valiant_o against_o the_o sabine_n in_o the_o citadel_n and_o have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o hersilia_n he_o be_v of_o a_o bold_a and_o fiery_a temper_n and_o one_o who_o often_o seek_v and_o greedy_o embrace_v all_o occasion_n of_o war_n lead_v to_o it_o partly_o by_o his_o own_o proper_a inclination_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o glory_n and_o renown_n of_o his_o grandfather_n as_o he_o think_v the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o most_o necessary_a thing_n to_o carry_v on_o
choose_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o alban_n into_o the_o senate_n particular_o the_o tullii_n servilii_n quintii_n geganii_fw-la curiatij_n and_o the_o claelii_fw-la and_o that_o he_o may_v out_o of_o those_o new_a people_n make_v some_o addition_n to_o the_o strength_n of_o every_o order_n he_o choose_v ten_o troop_n of_o horse_n out_o of_o the_o alban_n in_o confidence_n of_o this_o his_o strength_n after_o a_o pentire_a reduction_n of_o the_o fidenates_n he_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o sabine_n 88_o who_o before_o have_v commit_v several_a robbery_n upon_o the_o roman_n that_o trade_v with_o '_o they_o he_o meet_v they_o at_o the_o wood_n call_v malitiosa_fw-la sylva_n where_o especial_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o horse_n who_o break_v all_o â—heir_a rank_n after_o a_o short_a engagement_n he_o entire_o defeat_v they_o force_v they_o to_o beg_v peace_n over_o who_o â—e_v obtain_v a_o three_o triumph_n the_o latin_n be_v not_o yet_o quiet_a refuse_v to_o pay_v obedience_n to_o the_o roman_n which_o occasion_v several_a contest_v but_o this_o war_n be_v manage_v with_o great_a moderation_n no_o battle_n â—eing_v fight_v no_o town_n take_v or_o plunder_v beside_o medallia_n which_o hostilius_n punish_v for_o a_o example_n because_o it_o have_v receive_v a_o roman_a colony_n in_o romuâ—us's_n time_n this_o war_n last_v most_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o day_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o reign_n rome_n be_v much_o infect_v with_o plague_n and_o famine_n and_o as_o much_o fright_v with_o prodigy_n then_o hostilius_n begin_v to_o think_v of_o bring_v in_o the_o religious_a ceremony_n of_o numa_n which_o he_o have_v all_o this_o time_n take_v little_a notice_n of_o but_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v after_o a_o reign_n of_o 32_o year_n some_o say_v by_o lightning_n with_o his_o whole_a family_n though_o more_o probable_o by_o some_o treasonable_a practice_n in_o this_o reign_n the_o 300_o celeres_fw-la be_v again_o reassume_v which_o have_v be_v dif-used_a in_o the_o last_o and_o the_o city_n be_v very_o much_o increase_v though_o the_o dominion_n be_v little_a different_a from_o those_o in_o romulus_n day_n only_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o sure_a foot_n in_o some_o place_n than_o before_o chap._n iu._n from_o the_o death_n of_o hostilius_n to_o the_o death_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n the_o four_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 24_o year_n i._o after_o the_o death_n of_o tullus_n hostilius_n 115._o the_o state_n fall_v into_o a_o interregnum_fw-la as_o former_o and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n ancus_n marcius_n be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o inter-rex_a and_o senate_n and_o be_v confirm_v so_o by_o the_o people_n he_o have_v his_o surname_n ancus_n from_o his_o crookeâ—_n arm_n which_o he_o can_v not_o stretch_v out_o in_o length_n as_o festus_n have_v it_o he_o be_v grandson_n to_o numa_n the_o second_o king_n of_o rome_n by_o pompilia_n his_o daughter_n and_o marcius_n his_o kinsman_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o that_o marcius_n who_o have_v persuade_v numa_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o after_o numa_n death_n have_v kill_v himself_o because_o he_o do_v not_o succeed_v he_o this_o prince_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o his_o grandfather_n numa_n and_o consider_v that_o much_o of_o the_o religion_n and_o many_o of_o the_o ceremony_n have_v be_v neglect_v in_o the_o last_o reign_n he_o set_v himself_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o former_a use._n for_o that_o reason_n he_o insinuate_v to_o the_o people_n that_o the_o disease_n pestilence_n and_o other_o innumerable_a calamity_n which_o have_v late_o befall_v the_o city_n together_o with_o the_o disastrous_a end_n of_o hostilius_n proceed_v from_o want_n of_o devotion_n and_o a_o neglect_v of_o their_o go_n he_o high_o commend_v the_o order_n and_o institution_n of_o numa_n and_o will_v be_v often_o show_v the_o great_a blessing_n of_o the_o state_n and_o how_o much_o it_o flourish_v under_o that_o happy_a reign_n advise_v his_o subject_n to_o return_v to_o their_o husbandry_n and_o more_o peaceable_a employment_n and_o to_o lay_v aside_o all_o sort_n of_o violence_n and_o all_o profit_n that_o arise_v from_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n the_o state_n thus_o settle_v 116._o he_o expect_v as_o his_o grandfather_n have_v do_v to_o pass_v his_o time_n free_a from_o all_o war_n and_o trouble_n but_o he_o soon_o find_v his_o design_n cross_v and_o be_v compel_v to_o be_v a_o warrior_n against_o his_o will_n and_o be_v scarce_o ever_o free_a from_o public_a peril_n and_o trouble_n he_o have_v scarce_o begin_v his_o reign_n and_o model_v the_o commonwealth_n when_o the_o latin_n contemn_v he_o as_o a_o sluggish_a prince_n and_o unfit_a for_o military_a affair_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o roman_a territory_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n for_o a_o war_n proclaim_v it_o according_a to_o the_o ceremony_n appoint_v by_o his_o grandfather_n numa_n first_o a_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o agressor_n country_n who_o in_o a_o woollen_a shash_n and_o a_o peculiar_a dress_n and_o likewise_o in_o a_o solemn_a form_n of_o speech_n demand_v satisfaction_n which_o not_o be_v grant_v in_o 33_o day_n after_o a_o consultation_n with_o the_o senate_n the_o feciale_n or_o herald_n be_v immediate_o send_v in_o their_o proper_a habit_n feciales_n with_o javelin_n head_v with_o iron_n or_o all_o bloody_a and_o burn_v at_o the_o end_n where_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o three_o young_a man_n at_o least_o they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o god_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n solemn_o proclaim_v war_n with_o that_o country_n and_o then_o throw_v their_o javelin_n into_o their_o confine_n this_o custom_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o numa_n the_o rule_n whereof_o be_v take_v from_o the_o aequicoli_fw-la a_o very_a ancient_a people_n ancus_n begin_v this_o war_n with_o good_a success_n and_o first_o take_v politorium_n by_o storm_n a_o town_n of_o the_o latin_n 14_o or_o 15_o mile_n southeast_n of_o rome_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o which_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n he_o transplant_v to_o rome_n allow_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o free_a citizen_n and_o whereas_o the_o old_a roman_n inhabit_v the_o palatine_a the_o sabine_n the_o capitoline_n and_o the_o alban_n the_o caelian_a he_o grant_v the_o aventine_n hill_n for_o the_o latin_n to_o possess_v the_o number_n of_o who_o be_v increase_v upon_o the_o subdue_a of_o tellene_n and_o ficania_n two_o latin_a town_n nigh_o politorium_n which_o he_o take_v soon_o after_o he_o be_v a_o little_a time_n likewise_o take_v medallia_n a_o place_n of_o considerable_a strength_n and_o also_o politorium_n again_o for_o the_o latin_n find_v it_o empty_a have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o which_o make_v ancus_n entire_o demolish_v it_o the_o latin_n enrage_v at_o their_o loss_n make_v great_a preparation_n for_o the_o next_o campaign_n but_o at_o several_a time_n he_o ruine_v their_o design_n break_v their_o unite_a force_n 117._o force_v they_o to_o beg_v peace_n and_o obtain_v a_o triumph_n over_o '_o they_o not_o long_o after_o he_o subdue_v the_o fidenates_n veientes_n and_o the_o volsci_n who_o have_v fall_v out_o with_o he_o and_o likewise_o such_o of_o the_o sabine_n who_o not_o have_v feel_v the_o strength_n of_o rome_n have_v sore_o repine_v at_o the_o exceed_a growth_n of_o a_o upstart_n city_n these_o latter_a he_o overthrow_v again_o 120._o and_o obtain_v over_o they_o a_o second_o triumph_n ii_o ancus_n do_v not_o only_o perform_v many_o great_a act_n abroad_o but_o also_o do_v many_o noble_a work_n at_o home_n first_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n he_o rebuilt_a the_o temple_n of_o jupiter_n feretrius_n after_o a_o more_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a manner_n than_o before_o he_o fortify_v the_o hill_n janiculum_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n tiber_n for_o the_o great_a strengthen_n of_o the_o city_n and_o to_o prevent_v its_o be_v a_o refuge_n for_o enemy_n unite_n it_o to_o the_o city_n with_o a_o wooden_a bridge_n over_o that_o river_n he_o likewise_o make_v a_o large_a ditch_n call_v fossa_n quiritium_fw-la which_o be_v no_o small_a defence_n against_o such_o as_o come_v from_o the_o plain_n and_o now_o the_o city_n have_v receive_v a_o vast_a increase_n see_v that_o such_o multitude_n of_o people_n of_o all_o sort_n can_v not_o but_o produce_v many_o criminal_n he_o build_v a_o large_a prison_n for_o malefactor_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n just_o face_v the_o forum_n to_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o their_o grow_a boldness_n he_o do_v not_o only_o enlarge_v the_o pomaerium_fw-la of_o the_o city_n but_o likewise_o its_o dominion_n for_o have_v take_v from_o the_o veientes_n the_o maesian_a forest_n his_o territory_n reach_v to_o the_o sea_n 127._o upon_o which_o at_o the_o
mouth_n of_o the_o river_n tiber_n he_o build_v a_o town_n call_v ostia_n nigh_o ten_o mile_n south_n of_o rome_n to_o secure_v the_o advantage_n of_o trade_n to_o his_o subject_n for_o thither_o commodity_n be_v bring_v by_o ship_n be_v in_o lesser_a vessel_n convey_v up_o the_o tiber_n to_o this_o city_n and_o about_o this_o town_n many_o salt-pit_n be_v make_v this_o prince_n as_o well_o as_o his_o predecessor_n be_v very_o ready_a and_o careful_a to_o encourage_v stranger_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a advancement_n of_o such_o and_o the_o great_a privilege_n they_o receive_v many_o come_v daily_o hither_o and_o often_o such_o as_o be_v of_o good_a note_n among_o these_o lucumon_a a_o hetrurian_a be_v one_o a_o person_n of_o great_a accomplishment_n as_o well_o as_o large_a possession_n who_o come_v hither_o from_o tarquinia_n in_o hetruria_n with_o his_o wife_n tanaquil_n and_o several_a follower_n he_o be_v son_n to_o demaratus_n a_o rich_a merchant_n of_o corinth_n who_o have_v leave_v his_o country_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o trouble_n at_o that_o time_n and_o settle_v in_o tarquinia_n where_o marry_v a_o noble_a matron_n he_o have_v this_o son_n beside_o another_o who_o die_v childless_a lucumon_n find_v no_o encouragement_n in_o his_o own_o country_n be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o foreigner_n remove_v to_o rome_n where_o by_o his_o hospitality_n and_o bounty_n he_o soon_o become_v know_v to_o the_o king_n have_v now_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o lucius_n add_v that_o of_o tarqvinius_n from_o the_o place_n of_o his_o birth_n he_o be_v honourable_o treat_v by_o ancus_n to_o who_o he_o generous_o offer_v his_o whole_a patrimony_n for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o by_o that_o mean_v obtain_v freedom_n for_o himself_o and_o follower_n with_o land_n both_o for_o building_n and_o for_o sustenance_n ancus_n in_o a_o little_a time_n choose_v he_o into_o the_o senate_n for_o he_o be_v great_o esteem_v by_o the_o king_n and_o as_o much_o belove_v by_o the_o people_n no_o man_n be_v more_o hardy_a in_o war_n or_o more_o prudent_a in_o council_n ancus_n bestow_v most_o of_o his_o latter_a time_n in_o enrich_v his_o subject_n and_o improve_n the_o city_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o 24_o year_n reign_n he_o die_v a_o prince_n not_o inferior_a to_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n either_o for_o the_o glory_n he_o gain_v in_o peace_n or_o war._n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n both_o under_o age_n which_o he_o commit_v to_o the_o guardianship_n of_o the_o forementioned_a lucius_n tarqvinius_n as_o the_o fit_a person_n he_o can_v employ_v in_o such_o a_o office_n the_o roman_a dominion_n be_v now_o increase_v beyond_o what_o they_o be_v in_o the_o last_o reign_n by_o a_o large_a part_n of_o hetruria_n take_v from_o the_o veientes_n and_o a_o much_o better_a foot_n in_o latium_n chap._n v._n from_o the_o death_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n to_o the_o death_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n the_o five_o king_n of_o rome_n 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be_v but_o two_o before_o his_o first_o war_n be_v with_o the_o latin_n 139._o from_o who_o he_o take_v several_a town_n among_o the_o rest_n collatia_n a_o place_n five_o miles_n north-east_n of_o rome_n over_o which_o pe_z place_v his_o nephew_n aruns_n tarqvinius_n for_o governor_n the_o posthumus_n issue_n of_o his_o brother_n surname_v egerius_n from_o his_o want_n of_o patrimony_n and_o collatinus_n from_o the_o place_n which_o surname_n continue_v to_o his_o posterity_n notwithstanding_o the_o latin_n great_a supply_n from_o hetruria_n he_o soon_o force_v they_o to_o beg_v peace_n and_o then_o turn_v his_o arm_n against_o the_o sabine_n who_o have_v again_o rise_v up_o against_o rome_n both_o army_n meet_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o anio_n where_o the_o roman_n make_v use_v of_o a_o stratagem_n by_o send_v a_o party_n of_o man_n to_o burn_v a_o great_a heap_n of_o wood_n that_o lie_v by_o the_o riverside_n and_o to_o throw_v it_o in_o which_o be_v drive_v forward_o by_o the_o wind_n much_o of_o the_o flame_a wood_n get_v hold_v on_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n this_n not_o only_o terrify_v the_o sabine_n while_o they_o be_v engage_v but_o when_o they_o be_v rout_v hinder_v their_o flight_n their_o bridge_n be_v burn_v down_o and_o therefore_o many_o of_o they_o though_o they_o escape_v the_o sword_n perish_v in_o the_o water_n who_o float_v arm_n be_v carry_v down_o the_o tiber_n to_o rome_n discover_v the_o victory_n there_o almost_o before_o the_o news_n can_v be_v carry_v tarquin_n proceed_v to_o march_v into_o the_o sabine_a territory_n where_o the_o sabine_n though_o with_o small_a hope_n meet_v he_o with_o a_o undisciplined_a army_n and_o be_v defeat_v a_o second_o time_n they_o be_v force_v to_o beg_v peace_n 143._o over_o the_o sabine_n tarquin_n obtain_v his_o first_o triumph_n soon_o after_o the_o sabine-war_n be_v finish_v all_o hetruria_n or_o rather_o the_o neighbour_a part_n combine_v against_o he_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o detain_v some_o prisoner_n of_o they_o who_o he_o have_v take_v among_o the_o sabine_n they_o have_v make_v a_o law_n among_o themselves_o that_o whatever_o town_n refuse_v to_o join_v against_o the_o roman_n shall_v not_o be_v account_v of_o their_o body_n and_o they_o soon_o after_o possess_v themselves_o of_o fidenae_n a_o roman_a colony_n but_o he_o be_v so_o successful_a against_o they_o as_o to_o overthrow_v they_o in_o several_a battle_n and_o upon_o his_o prepare_v for_o another_o campaign_n they_o be_v humble_v and_o to_o purchase_v peace_n they_o ow_v he_o for_o their_o prince_n and_o in_o token_n of_o allegiance_n send_v he_o all_o the_o ensign_n of_o sovereignty_n which_o their_o king_n be_v usual_o adorn_v with_o these_o be_v a_o crown_n of_o gold_n a_o ivory_n chair_n a_o sceptre_n with_o a_o eagle_n on_o the_o top_n a_o purple-coat_n wrought_v with_o gold_n and_o a_o purple-gown_n pink_v almost_o like_o the_o robe_n of_o the_o persian_a and_o lydian_a king_n only_o it_o be_v not_o foursquare_a but_o of_o a_o semicircular_a figure_n from_o hence_o also_o come_v the_o râ—bes_n and_o coat_n use_v by_o the_o augur_n and_o herald_n with_o many_o of_o their_o ornament_n use_v in_o rome_n afterward_o the_o axe_n they_o have_v before_o though_o now_o they_o receive_v they_o again_o 153._o over_o these_o people_n tarquin_n triumph_v a_o second_o time_n this_o war_n finish_v which_o continue_v nine_o year_n he_o fall_v a_o second_o time_n upon_o the_o sabine_n who_o now_o alone_o contend_v with_o the_o roman_n for_o superiority_n over_o who_o he_o obtain_v a_o three_o triumph_n and_o provide_v for_o another_o expedition_n they_o yield_v who_o he_o receive_v on_o the_o same_o term_n with_o the_o etrurians_n ii_o tarquin_n be_v no_o less_o mindful_a of_o strengthen_v the_o city_n at_o home_n than_o of_o enlarge_a his_o
dominion_n abroad_o for_o when_o he_o find_v leisure_n he_o build_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n which_o before_o be_v patch_v up_o in_o haste_n with_o large_a square_a stone_n each_o consist_v of_o a_o load_n weight_n then_o he_o take_v care_n of_o the_o other_o public_a building_n of_o the_o city_n adorn_v the_o forum_n with_o lofty_a portico_n gallery_n and_o shop_n be_v a_o prince_n much_o delight_v with_o stately_a building_n and_o noble_a sight_n cloacae_fw-la he_o likewise_o make_v many_o cloacae_fw-la or_o common-sewer_n to_o drain_v the_o city_n and_o carry_v the_o filth_n of_o it_o into_o the_o tiber_n a_o work_n of_o such_o vast_a charge_n and_o labour_n that_o when_o they_o be_v afterward_o stop_v the_o censor_n spend_v a_o thousand_o talent_n only_o to_o clear_v they_o a_o work_n likewise_o so_o admirable_a that_o dionysius_n think_v that_o from_o the_o magnificence_n of_o these_o as_o well_o as_o their_o aqueduct_n and_o highway_n the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n appear_v in_o the_o circus_n maximus_n that_o vast_a place_n for_o game_n and_o exercise_n between_o the_o palatine_a and_o aventine_n hill_n he_o cause_v seat_n to_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o spectator_n with_o great_a skill_n and_o charge_n and_o likewise_o distinguish_v all_o their_o place_n according_a to_o their_o several_a rank_n and_o dignity_n in_o the_o sabine_a war_n he_o vow_v a_o temple_n to_o jupiter_n juno_n and_o minerva_n if_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n for_o that_o reason_n afterward_o he_o with_o wonderful_a cost_n level_v the_o rock_n on_o the_o capitoline_n and_o form_v a_o plat_v for_o building_n it_o but_o live_v not_o to_o go_v on_o with_o it_o any_o further_o and_o this_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o capitol_n tarquin_n have_v design_v after_o these_o thing_n to_o have_v add_v three_o century_n of_o the_o celeres_fw-la to_o those_o three_o institute_v by_o romulus_n but_o be_v forbid_v by_o actius_n naevius_n to_o alter_v the_o constitution_n of_o that_o king_n therefore_o without_o create_v of_o new_a century_n he_o double_v the_o number_n of_o the_o former_a this_o naevius_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a augur_n that_o rome_n ever_o know_v and_o tarquin_n one_o time_n to_o try_v he_o ask_v he_o if_o what_o he_o have_v in_o his_o thought_n may_v be_v do_v he_o answer_v in_o the_o affirmative_a tarquin_n jeer_o tell_v he_o he_o think_v of_o cut_v a_o whetstone_n with_o a_o razor_n naeviusâ—ad_v â—ad_z he_o strike_v hard_a and_o he_o cut_v it_o through_o this_o much_o enhance_v the_o reputation_n of_o augury_n especial_o of_o naevius_n skill_n therein_o but_o his_o be_v sudden_o miss_v soon_o after_o be_v a_o great_a prejudice_n to_o tarquin_n for_o the_o two_o son_n of_o ancus_n marcius_n grudge_v he_o their_o father_n throne_n accuse_v he_o to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o death_n of_o this_o augur_n but_o his_o son-in-law_n answer_v their_o objection_n and_o clear_v he_o of_o that_o scandal_n miss_v their_o design_n they_o pretend_v repentance_n and_o be_v easy_o receive_v into_o favour_n but_o three_o year_n after_o they_o disguise_v several_a of_o their_o companion_n like_o shepherd_n and_o appear_v in_o court_n pretend_v a_o quarrel_n and_o demand_v justice_n of_o the_o king_n tarquin_n appear_v they_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o kill_v he_o but_o be_v soon_o catch_v and_o receive_v their_o just_a reward_n thus_o fall_v lucius_n tarqvinius_n for_o distinction_n surname_v priscus_n after_o the_o last_o tarquin_n have_v obtain_v the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o eighti_v year_n of_o his_o age_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v 38_o year_n and_o do_v many_o and_o great_a service_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o magnificence_n begin_v to_o appear_v much_o more_o in_o this_o reign_n than_o in_o the_o former_a and_o this_o king_n be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o triumph_v in_o a_o chariot_n likewise_o the_o roman_a dominion_n be_v much_o increase_v in_o this_o reign_n by_o a_o large_a authority_n in_o the_o sabine_n country_n and_o by_o some_o considerable_a addition_n in_o hetruria_n and_o latium_n chap._n vi_o from_o the_o death_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n to_o the_o death_n of_o servius_n tullius_n the_o six_o king_n of_o rome_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 44_o year_n i._o tarquinius_n priscus_n be_v dead_a 176._o servius_n tullius_n his_o son-in-law_n succeed_v he_o which_o tullius_n be_v son_n to_o ocrisia_n a_o considerable_a woman_n take_v prisoner_n by_o tarquin_n at_o corniculum_n a_o town_n in_o latium_n and_o give_v to_o his_o wife_n tanaquil_n where_o she_o be_v deliver_v of_o tullius_n surname_v servius_n in_o remembrance_n of_o her_o bondage_n her_o husband_n be_v slay_v at_o the_o take_n of_o the_o town_n tullius_n be_v a_o infant_n in_o his_o cradle_n a_o flame_n of_o fire_n be_v say_v to_o have_v appear_v and_o encompass_v his_o head_n which_o raise_v great_a expectation_n in_o tanaquil_n a_o woman_n much_o esteem_v for_o such_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n she_o bring_v her_o husband_n to_o so_o good_a a_o opinion_n of_o he_o that_o he_o both_o give_v he_o education_n and_o in_o time_n make_v he_o his_o son-in-law_n when_o the_o king_n grow_v old_a he_o manage_v his_o public_a affair_n for_o he_o both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n with_o that_o valour_n prudence_n and_o integrity_n that_o he_o gain_v the_o high_a esteem_n of_o all_o people_n tarqvinius_n have_v no_o son_n but_o only_o two_o grandson_n both_o infant_n tanaquil_n much_o desire_v that_o tullius_n shall_v succeed_v he_o therefore_o she_o keep_v his_o death_n private_a for_o a_o while_n pretend_v he_o be_v only_o dangerous_o wound_v till_o tullius_n have_v prevail_v with_o the_o people_n to_o banish_v the_o marcii_n be_v thus_o secure_a of_o that_o faction_n he_o carry_v out_o tarquin_n as_o new_o dead_a to_o be_v bury_v and_o as_o tutor_n or_o guardian_n to_o the_o young_a child_n execute_v the_o office_n of_o king_n which_o tanaquil_n out_o of_o the_o window_n have_v tell_v the_o people_n be_v her_o husband_n will_n when_o she_o feign_v he_o still_o alive_a the_o patritian_n be_v much_o concern_v at_o this_o not_o know_v how_o to_o come_v to_o a_o election_n since_o they_o perceive_v the_o people_n will_v not_o approve_v of_o their_o choice_n but_o will_v be_v all_o for_o tullius_n so_o they_o think_v it_o better_a to_o let_v he_o reign_v in_o a_o unlawful_a manner_n that_o they_o may_v ever_o have_v a_o just_a pretence_n against_o he_o than_o by_o stir_v to_o procure_v he_o a_o legal_a title_n tullius_n discover_v all_o their_o design_n and_o practice_n immediate_o assemble_v the_o people_n in_o the_o forum_n where_o appear_v with_o his_o mother_n mother-in-law_n the_o two_o child_n and_o all_o his_o kindred_n in_o deep_a mourning_n and_o all_o the_o utmost_a sign_n of_o sorrow_n he_o show_v the_o people_n how_o sad_a and_o lamentable_a his_o condition_n be_v through_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o patritian_n against_o he_o which_o he_o have_v no_o otherwise_o deserve_v than_o by_o his_o good_a service_n to_o his_o country_n that_o they_o have_v design_v to_o recall_v the_o marcii_n who_o have_v treasonable_o murder_v tarquin_n and_o to_o expose_v the_o posterity_n of_o he_o who_o memory_n â—ught_v to_o be_v so_o precious_a to_o they_o as_o well_o as_o himself_o to_o the_o same_o cruelty_n but_o if_o it_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o people_n he_o will_v free_o give_v up_o all_o pretension_n and_o rather_o than_o offend_v they_o undergo_v the_o severe_a hardship_n a_o great_a clamour_n immediate_o arise_v mix_v with_o the_o prayer_n and_o tear_n of_o those_o who_o beseech_v he_o to_o retain_v the_o government_n and_o some_o who_o be_v provide_v beforehand_o begin_v to_o cry_v out_o he_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v king_n and_o the_o curiae_fw-la be_v to_o be_v call_v to_o the_o vâ—te_n which_o thing_n be_v instant_o resolve_v by_o the_o multitude_n he_o thank_v they_o very_o hearty_o for_o be_v mindful_a of_o the_o benefit_n receive_v from_o he_o and_o promise_v to_o pay_v their_o debt_n and_o divide_v the_o public_a land_n among_o such_o as_o want_v if_o they_o will_v elect_v he_o king_n and_o thereupon_o he_o appoint_v a_o day_n for_o the_o assembly_n at_o the_o comitia_fw-la curiata_fw-la he_o be_v choose_v king_n by_o the_o vote_n of_o they_o all_o in_o spite_n of_o all_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o refuse_v at_o last_o to_o confirm_v the_o choice_n as_o their_o custâ—m_n be_v ii_o not_o long_o after_o his_o settlement_n 177._o according_a to_o his_o promise_n he_o divide_v the_o public_a land_n among_o the_o poor_a sort_n and_o in_o the_o curiata_fw-la comitia_fw-la prefer_v fifty_o several_a law_n concern_v contract_n and_o injury_n he_o very_o much_o enlarge_v the_o city_n take_v in_o three_o hill_n to_o the_o four_o former_a namely_o the_o quirinal_n the_o viminal_a and_o the_o esquiline_n on_o the_o latter_a of_o
from_o the_o natural_a period_n of_o his_o life_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o daughter_n and_o son-in-law_n after_o this_o manner_n tullius_n have_v two_o daughter_n who_o he_o marry_v to_o tarquin_n grandson_n lucius_n tarqvinius_n and_o aruns_n tarqvinius_n the_o first_o of_o a_o proud_a tyrannical_a nature_n have_v a_o very_a modest_a good_a wife_n and_o the_o last_o of_o a_o mild_a sweet_a temper_n have_v a_o haughty_a wicked_a woman_n lucius_n enrage_v at_o tullius_n for_o possess_v his_o grand-father_n throne_n and_o find_v his_o brother_n wife_n of_o a_o fiery_a temper_n and_o rather_o more_o cruel_a than_o himself_o agree_v with_o she_o to_o change_v husband_n both_o promise_v to_o dispatch_v their_o consort_n which_o they_o soon_o effect_v and_o be_v marry_v together_o after_o this_o they_o resolve_v the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o the_o king_n raise_v what_o faction_n they_o can_v against_o he_o allege_v his_o illegal_a title_n than_o claim_v the_o crown_n as_o heir_n to_o tarquin_n but_o tullius_n by_o his_o great_a modesty_n and_o prudent_a management_n defeat_v all_o their_o design_n and_o come_v off_o with_o great_a honour_n both_o with_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o people_n which_o bring_v lucius_n to_o a_o feign_a repentance_n on_o his_o side_n and_o that_o produce_v a_o real_a reconciliation_n on_o the_o king_n be_v lucius_n cover_v with_o this_o disguise_n take_v a_o opportunity_n one_o day_n when_o most_o of_o the_o people_n be_v out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o go_v to_o the_o senate-house_n with_o the_o robe_n and_o royal_a ensign_n as_o king_n and_o get_v together_o such_o of_o the_o father_n as_o be_v his_o special_a friend_n he_o bold_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o king_n throne_n tullius_n unadvised_o with_o a_o few_o follower_n hasten_v thither_o and_o go_v to_o thrust_v he_o out_o lucius_z throw_v he_o down_o the_o stair_n the_o old_a man_n hardly_o recover_v his_o spirit_n be_v lead_v homeward_o in_o great_a disorder_n when_o lucius_n wife_n come_v to_o see_v the_o event_n salute_v her_o husband_n king_n and_o advise_v he_o to_o send_v after_o tullius_n and_o dispatch_v he_o which_o be_v immediate_o perform_v in_o her_o passage_n home_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o body_n lie_v welter_v in_o blood_n and_o as_o yet_o almost_o gasp_v her_o charioteer_n stand_v still_o startle_v and_o amaze_v at_o the_o inhuman_a spectacle_n not_o have_v room_n to_o pass_v by_o it_o whereupon_o she_o in_o a_o rage_n throw_v her_o footstool_n at_o his_o head_n and_o in_o a_o barbarous_a manner_n force_v he_o to_o drive_v she_o over_o it_o the_o place_n which_o before_o be_v call_v cyprius_n vicus_n be_v after_o this_o act_n call_v sceleratus_fw-la this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o servius_n tullius_n a_o prince_n of_o eminent_a justice_n and_o moderation_n after_o a_o prosperous_a reign_n of_o 44_o year_n but_o the_o less_o pity_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o undue_a admission_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o make_v most_o of_o the_o patritian_n espouse_v his_o successor_n part_n especial_o since_o he_o be_v about_o alter_v the_o government_n which_o will_v have_v prove_v the_o weaken_n if_o not_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o authority_n he_o leave_v the_o roman_a dominion_n in_o much_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o last_o reign_n only_o he_o get_v a_o large_a foot_n in_o hetruria_n chap._n vii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o servius_n tullius_n to_o the_o banishment_n of_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o rome_n which_o cause_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o regal_a state_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 25_o year_n i._o lucius_n tarqvinius_n have_v barbarous_o murder_v his_o father-in-law_n 220._o obtain_v the_o kingdom_n by_o mere_a force_n and_o violence_n and_o by_o his_o tyrannical_a and_o imperious_a carriage_n soon_o get_v the_o surname_n of_o superbus_n as_o that_o of_o priscus_n for_o distinction_n sake_n be_v give_v to_o his_o grandfather_n he_o will_v not_o permit_v the_o king_n body_n to_o be_v public_o inter_v lest_o the_o people_n shall_v rise_v and_o cause_v some_o dangerous_a disturbance_n he_o allege_v that_o romulus_n die_v without_o burial_n he_o murder_v such_o as_o he_o suspect_v to_o be_v of_o tullius_n faction_n and_o fear_v the_o natural_a consequence_n of_o his_o tyranny_n he_o keep_v a_o strong_a guard_n than_o ordinary_a about_o his_o person_n all_o controversy_n whatsoever_o he_o decide_v himself_o assist_v by_o his_o intimate_a friend_n and_o execute_v banish_a and_o fine_v all_o at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n he_o endeavour_v to_o establish_v his_o tyranny_n with_o the_o more_o security_n by_o great_a alliance_n marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o octavius_n mamilius_n the_o great_a man_n among_o the_o latin_n be_v descend_v from_o telegonus_n the_o son_n of_o ulysses_n by_o circe_n and_o by_o his_o false_a accusation_n and_o a_o cunning_a device_n cause_v they_o to_o stone_n turnus_n herdonius_n who_o have_v discover_v to_o they_o his_o baseness_n and_o villainy_n he_o neither_o consider_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n but_o much_o diminish_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o former_a by_o the_o murder_n of_o many_o of_o the_o high_a rank_n who_o wealth_n he_o seize_v on_o for_o his_o own_o use_n resolve_v to_o choose_v no_o more_o in_o their_o place_n that_o their_o power_n may_v decrease_v insensible_o and_o in_o time_n be_v wear_v out_o among_o those_o who_o he_o murder_v for_o their_o estate_n marcus_n junius_n be_v one_o a_o most_o eminent_a man_n among_o the_o roman_n descend_v from_o the_o companion_n of_o aeâ—eas_n and_o marry_v to_o tarquina_fw-la daughter_n to_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n by_o who_o he_o have_v lucius_n junius_n this_o lucius_n be_v noble_o educate_v and_o have_v a_o admirable_a wit_n and_o knowledge_n with_o a_o profound_a judgement_n and_o understanding_n but_o after_o tarquin_n have_v privy_o murder_v his_o father_n and_o his_o elder_a brother_n the_o better_a to_o save_v himself_o and_o revenge_v his_o father_n he_o counterfeit_v himself_o a_o fool_n and_o thence_o have_v the_o surname_n of_o brutus_n tarquin_n think_v his_o folly_n real_a despise_v the_o man_n and_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o his_o estate_n keep_v he_o as_o a_o idiot_n in_o his_o house_n suffer_v he_o to_o converse_v with_o his_o child_n not_o out_o of_o any_o respect_n as_o a_o kinsman_n but_o to_o make_v they_o sport_n by_o his_o ridiculous_a word_n and_o action_n it_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o great_a pestilence_n he_o send_v his_o two_o son_n sextus_n and_o titus_n to_o consult_v the_o oracle_n and_o with_o they_o brutus_n as_o a_o companion_n for_o their_o diversion_n the_o son_n be_v well_o please_v with_o his_o company_n and_o laugh_v very_o hearty_o to_o see_v he_o offer_v a_o wooden_a staff_n to_o apollo_n wherein_o he_o have_v secret_o convey_v gold_n the_o young_a man_n have_v execute_v their_o father_n command_n inquire_v of_o the_o oracle_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v prince_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v answer_v he_o who_o first_o shall_v kiss_v his_o mother_n which_o the_o son_n misunderstanding_n agree_v to_o do_v it_o both_o at_o their_o return_n and_o reign_v joint_o together_o but_o brutus_n know_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o oracle_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o arrive_v at_o italy_n pretend_v to_o fall_v down_o by_o chance_n and_o kiss_v the_o earth_n which_o be_v the_o common_a mother_n of_o all_o men._n after_o this_o he_o ever_o make_v it_o his_o business_n to_o find_v opportunity_n of_o ruine_v the_o tyrant_n and_o restore_v the_o liberty_n of_o rome_n all_o which_o he_o carry_v on_o by_o a_o profound_a secrecy_n and_o a_o wonderful_a dissimulation_n ii_o tarquin_n be_v a_o warlike_a prince_n first_o march_v against_o the_o sabine_n who_o refuse_v to_o pay_v he_o obedience_n and_o so_o reduce_v they_o to_o submission_n over_o who_o he_o obtain_v a_o triumph_n 223._o soon_o after_o he_o begin_v a_o war_n with_o the_o volsci_n a_o people_n border_v on_o latium_n which_o continue_v with_o some_o little_a intermission_n above_o 200_o year_n from_o these_o he_o take_v suessa-pometia_n a_o considerable_a city_n about_o 26_o mile_n southeast_n of_o rome_n where_o he_o find_v great_a spoil_n and_o plunder_n and_o over_o they_o he_o obtain_v a_o second_o triumph_n next_o he_o fall_v upon_o gabii_n 225._o a_o city_n of_o great_a note_n 10_o or_o 11_o mile_n east_n of_o rome_n which_o have_v take_v part_n with_o suessa-pometia_n he_o invest_v it_o but_o meet_v with_o great_a difficulty_n he_o cause_v his_o elder_a son_n sextus_n to_o counterfeit_a desertion_n upon_o pretence_n of_o barbarous_a usage_n from_o his_o father_n who_o be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o the_o gavine_n by_o his_o cunning_a and_o insinuate_a behaviour_n get_v to_o be_v their_o governor_n after_o some_o time_n he_o send_v to_o his_o father_n to_o know_v what_o measure_v to_o take_v tarquin_n take_v the_o messenger_n
all_o be_v ready_a to_o rise_v up_o in_o arm_n and_o the_o lictor_n be_v beat_v back_o that_o go_v to_o lay_v hand_n on_o he_o he_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o company_n of_o stout_a young_a man_n a_o unseemly_a contest_v ensue_v which_o beginning_n with_o rail_n and_o jostling_n proceed_v to_o blow_n and_o throw_v of_o stone_n but_o quintius_n the_o other_o consul_n by_o his_o entreaty_n and_o throw_v himself_o into_o the_o middle_a and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o grave_a senator_n prevent_v the_o tumult_n from_o proceed_v to_o any_o further_a inconvenience_n which_o be_v end_v short_o after_o by_o the_o night_n but_o all_o disturbance_n do_v not_o end_v here_o for_o within_o a_o few_o day_n after_o the_o tribune_n and_o the_o people_n seize_v on_o the_o capitol_n and_o there_o fortify_v themselves_o against_o the_o patritian_n this_o may_v have_v be_v of_o the_o most_o dangerous_a consequence_n have_v not_o quintius_n by_o his_o mild_a entreaty_n and_o fair_a promise_v persuade_v the_o tribune_n to_o refer_v this_o law_n to_o the_o senate_n discretion_n 282._o which_o after_o many_o long_a debate_n permit_v it_o to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o comitia_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v pass_v this_o be_v call_v the_o comitia_fw-la tributa_fw-la tributa_fw-la where_o all_o the_o free_a roman_n vote_v according_a to_o their_o tribe_n whereas_o in_o the_o comitia_fw-la curiata_fw-la none_o can_v vote_n but_o inhabitant_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o comitia_fw-la centuriata_fw-la the_o rich_a man_n have_v the_o advantage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o number_n of_o century_n but_o in_o this_o comitia_fw-la tributa_fw-la there_o be_v no_o respect_n to_o either_o of_o these_o qualification_n but_o all_o free_a roman_n in_o or_o without_o the_o city_n poor_a or_o rich_a may_v have_v voice_n another_o difference_n between_o this_o and_o the_o curiata_fw-la comitia_fw-la be_v the_o place_n of_o assembly_n that_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o comitium_fw-la in_o the_o forum_n râ—manum_n and_o that_o with_o the_o superstitious_a observation_n of_o bird_n call_v auspicia_fw-la but_o this_o tributa_fw-la be_v tie_v to_o no_o set_a place_n be_v assemble_v in_o a_o great_a many_o several_a without_o any_o observation_n of_o bird_n but_o the_o most_o material_a difference_n between_o these_o two_o comitia_n be_v this_o in_o the_o curiata_fw-la such_o thing_n be_v treat_v of_o and_o confirm_v by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o curiae_fw-la as_o the_o senate_n have_v first_o decree_v but_o in_o the_o tributa_fw-la all_o thing_n be_v manage_v without_o any_o consult_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v whole_o determine_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o tribe_n gather_v apart_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v manage_v here_o be_v chief_o the_o choose_n of_o inferior_a magistrate_n as_o the_o tribune_n aediles_z priest_n etc._n etc._n make_v of_o those_o lawâ—_n â—alled_v plebiscita_fw-la or_o whatsoever_o shall_v concern_v the_o commons_o as_o alsâ—_n the_o punishment_n of_o misdemeanour_n but_o not_o as_o to_o life_n and_o death_n and_o the_o make_v peace_n but_o not_o war._n this_o new_a law_n give_v the_o commons_o still_o more_o power_n and_o authority_n and_o make_v they_o still_o more_o bold_a and_o insolent_a to_o the_o danger_n of_o many_o a_o patrician_n and_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o appius_n who_o ill_a success_n against_o the_o volsci_n this_o same_o year_n and_o â—his_v violent_a oppose_v the_o agrarian_a law_n the_o next_o make_v the_o tribune_n set_v he_o a_o day_n to_o answer_v for_o his_o life_n before_o the_o people_n which_o he_o prevent_v by_o kill_v himself_o vi_o still_o the_o roman_n have_v war_n with_o the_o aequi_n 284._o sabines_n and_o volsci_n and_o have_v general_o the_o advantage_n from_o the_o volsci_n be_v take_v antium_n a_o considerable_a city_n on_o the_o sea_n 28_o mile_n southeast_n of_o rome_n which_o they_o make_v a_o roman_a colony_n for_o nine_o year_n together_o none_o of_o these_o get_v any_o considerable_a advantage_n over_o the_o roman_n though_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o war_n there_o happen_v a_o most_o grievous_a plague_n in_o rome_n which_o sweep_v away_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o the_o slave_n a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o senator_n both_o the_o consul_n and_o most_o of_o the_o tribune_n the_o aequi_n and_o volsci_n be_v at_o last_o much_o weaken_v their_o territory_n great_o waste_v and_o lucretius_n and_o veturius_n the_o consul_n obtain_v one_o a_o triumph_n and_o the_o other_o a_o ovation_n over_o they_o the_o year_n after_o this_o and_o of_o the_o city_n 292_o volumnius_n and_o camerinus_n the_o consul_n have_v no_o action_n abroad_o employ_v themselves_o at_o home_n against_o the_o exorbitant_a power_n of_o the_o tribune_n who_o be_v now_o get_v to_o that_o height_n of_o boldness_n as_o to_o assert_v that_o the_o citizen_n ought_v all_o to_o have_v equal_a power_n in_o the_o government_n they_o likewise_o make_v great_a complaint_n that_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v yet_o unwritten_a and_o thereupon_o propose_v a_o law_n to_o have_v ten_o man_n choose_v in_o a_o lawful_a assembly_n to_o publish_v law_n both_o concern_v aâ—_n private_a and_o public_a business_n the_o young_a patritian_n furious_o oppose_v their_o design_n cast_v the_o mean_a sort_n like_o slave_n out_o of_o the_o forum_n among_o these_o caeso_fw-la quintius_n the_o son_n of_o quintius_n cincinnatus_n be_v principal_a a_o person_n of_o great_a courage_n who_o the_o tribune_n resolve_v to_o make_v a_o example_n to_o all_o young_a man_n and_o therefore_o set_v he_o a_o day_n to_o answer_v for_o his_o life_n before_o the_o people_n which_o cause_v new_a stir_v and_o commotion_n caeso_fw-la be_v admit_v to_o bail_n flee_v into_o hetruria_n whereupon_o his_o father_n sell_v almost_o all_o his_o estate_n to_o reimburse_v the_o surety_n and_o then_o retreat_v to_o a_o small_a farm_n and_o a_o little_a cottage_n beyond_o the_o tiber_n live_v retire_v from_o the_o world_n laborious_o work_v for_o his_o live_n the_o tribune_n be_v much_o deceive_v in_o their_o expectation_n and_o the_o young_a patritian_n so_o hot_o oppose_v they_o that_o they_o can_v act_v nothing_o of_o consequence_n this_o consulship_n the_o next_o year_n the_o same_o tribune_n be_v choose_v again_o they_o cause_v various_a rumour_n to_o be_v spread_v abroad_o that_o many_o of_o the_o senator_n and_o patritian_n have_v form_v a_o plot_n and_o conspire_v to_o murder_n the_o tribune_n and_o ruin_n all_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o plebeian_n this_o contrivance_n be_v design_v to_o fright_v the_o senate_n into_o a_o compliance_n but_o have_v no_o other_o effect_n than_o the_o cause_v great_a tumult_n and_o disturbance_n among_o the_o commons_o these_o trouble_n be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o give_v occasion_n to_o herdonius_n 293._o a_o sabine_a with_o 4000_o man_n to_o seize_v on_o the_o capitol_n call_v in_o the_o slave_n to_o their_o liberty_n which_o put_v the_o whole_a city_n into_o a_o great_a consternation_n all_o be_v in_o a_o confusion_n valerius_n and_o claudius_n be_v then_o consul_n and_o the_o tribune_n persuade_v the_o multitude_n not_o to_o fight_v except_o the_o patritian_n will_v engage_v by_o oath_n to_o create_v ten_o man_n for_o make_v of_o law_n and_o suffer_v the_o commons_o to_o have_v equal_a privilege_n with_o they_o claudius_n will_v have_v whole_o slight_v their_o assistance_n but_o valerius_n find_v such_o press_a necessity_n for_o they_o promise_v upon_o oath_n to_o endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o commons_o when_o the_o war_n be_v end_v whereupon_o claudius_n be_v appoint_v to_o look_v to_o the_o city_n and_o valerius_n valiant_o attack_v the_o capitol_n on_o all_o side_n and_o take_v it_o by_o storm_n but_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o life_n the_o slave_n be_v punish_v according_a to_o their_o desert_n and_o the_o rest_n make_v prisoner_n of_o war._n this_o war_n finish_v the_o tribune_n require_v claudius_n to_o make_v good_a the_o promise_n of_o his_o decease_a colleague_n but_o he_o allege_v he_o can_v do_v â—othing_n himself_o and_o appoint_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o the_o choose_n a_o new_a consul_n the_o father_n the_o better_a to_o support_v their_o interest_n resolve_v upon_o quintius_n cincinnatus_n father_n to_o caeso_fw-la late_o flee_v and_o immediate_o send_v for_o he_o to_o the_o city_n the_o messenger_n find_v he_o hard_o at_o blow_n only_o in_o his_o truss_n and_o a_o cap_n on_o his_o head_n but_o be_v tell_v of_o their_o come_n by_o a_o viator_n that_o run_v before_o he_o present_v himself_o in_o a_o better_a habit._n be_v salute_v by_o the_o name_n of_o consul_n invest_v with_o purple_a honour_v by_o the_o fasces_fw-la and_o other_o ensign_n of_o magistracy_n he_o be_v desire_v to_o begin_v his_o journey_n but_o after_o a_o little_a pause_v he_o answer_v with_o tear_n then_o for_o this_o year_n my_o poor_a little_a field_n must_v go_v unsow_v and_o we_o shall_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o want_n
that_o they_o present_o create_v a_o dictator_n 411._o which_o be_v valerius_n corvus_n one_o of_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n who_o appoint_v aemilius_n mamercinus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o march_v against_o the_o rebel_n who_o have_v now_o force_v t._n quintius_n a_o eminent_a soldier_n to_o be_v their_o general_n upon_o the_o approach_n of_o both_o army_n the_o rebel_n out_o of_o fear_n yield_v themselves_o and_o be_v receive_v into_o favour_n the_o dictator_n have_v no_o more_o employment_n abroad_o in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o frequent_a inroad_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n into_o the_o samnite_n country_n draw_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n the_o sidicini_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o mercy_n ii_o soon_o after_o this_o peace_n the_o samnite_n desire_v of_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o latin_n and_o campanian_o may_v be_v command_v not_o to_o assist_v the_o sidicini_n but_o because_o the_o senate_n will_v not_o deny_v that_o these_o nation_n be_v under_o their_o command_n and_o be_v likewise_o unwilling_a to_o provoke_v they_o such_o a_o ambiguous_a answer_n be_v return_v that_o the_o latin_n and_o campanian_o think_v themselves_o so_o far_o disoblige_v as_o to_o revolt_v manlius_n torquatus_n now_o consul_n the_o three_o time_n and_o his_o colleague_n decius_n must_n be_v send_v by_o the_o senate_n to_o chastise_v the_o latin_n who_o now_o will_v be_v satisfy_v with_o no_o less_o than_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n and_o half_o the_o senator_n choose_v out_o of_o their_o nation_n upon_o certain_a dream_n and_o prognostication_n that_o the_o general_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o army_n on_o the_o other_o be_v certain_o to_o be_v destroy_v the_o consul_n solemn_o agree_v that_o in_o what_o part_n the_o roman_a army_n shall_v be_v distress_a the_o commander_n of_o that_o part_n shall_v devote_v himself_o to_o the_o god_n and_o die_v for_o his_o country_n which_o generous_a resolution_n be_v confirm_v by_o oath_n and_o because_o they_o be_v all_o acquaint_v with_o each_o other_o discipline_n and_o way_n of_o fight_v strict_a command_n be_v give_v that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v fight_v without_o order_n both_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n and_o a_o bloody_a and_o obstinate_a engagement_n immediate_o follow_v the_o latin_n press_v very_o hard_o upon_o decius_n part_n he_o according_a to_o his_o promise_n devote_v himself_o to_o the_o god_n and_o rush_v violent_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n lose_v his_o life_n the_o latin_n be_v soon_o after_o entire_o defeat_v nor_o be_v the_o discipline_n of_o manlius_n less_o remarkable_a than_o the_o courage_n of_o decius_n in_o relation_n to_o his_o own_o son_n for_o he_o pass_v with_o his_o troop_n before_o the_o battle_n nigh_o the_o enemy_n be_v challenge_v by_o metius_n captain_n of_o the_o tusculan_n who_o when_o he_o have_v slay_v and_o strip_v his_o father_n with_o tear_n commend_v he_o for_o his_o valour_n but_o condemn_v he_o for_o his_o disobedience_n which_o though_o a_o sad_a be_v a_o profitable_a example_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o man_n and_o after_o that_o cruel_a command_n be_v usual_o call_v manliana_n dicta_fw-la the_o latin_n now_o defeat_v beg_v peace_n which_o be_v give_v they_o though_o not_o with_o the_o same_o condition_n to_o all_o manlius_n return_v in_o triumph_n but_o be_v meet_v only_o by_o the_o old_a man_n the_o young_a one_o refuse_v to_o do_v he_o that_o honour_n and_o ever_o after_o hate_v he_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o son_n soon_o after_o the_o people_n of_o antium_n and_o ardea_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o roman_a territory_n 413._o but_o manlius_n be_v sick_a he_o name_v papyrius_n crassus_n for_o dictator_n who_o appoint_v papyrius_n cursor_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o keep_v the_o field_n some_o month_n in_o the_o antiate_n country_n but_o no_o remarkable_a action_n happen_v the_o consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n aemilius_n and_o publius_n overthrow_v the_o latin_n who_o have_v again_o revolt_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o some_o land_n take_v from_o '_o they_o publius_n by_o who_o conduct_n the_o victory_n be_v obtain_v receive_v into_o alliance_n such_o city_n as_o have_v be_v worsted_n and_o aemilius_n march_v his_o army_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o pedum_n which_o receive_v supply_n from_o several_a place_n though_o he_o have_v the_o advantage_n in_o all_o skirmish_n yet_o still_o the_o town_n hold_v out_o and_o he_o understanding_n that_o his_o colleague_n be_v return_v to_o his_o triumph_n he_o immediate_o leave_v the_o siege_n and_o go_v for_o rome_n to_o demand_v that_o honour_n likewise_o the_o senate_n be_v much_o offend_v at_o this_o presumption_n deny_v he_o that_o honour_n except_o pedum_n be_v either_o take_v or_o surrender_v which_o cause_v he_o out_o of_o revenge_n to_o join_v with_o the_o tribune_n against_o the_o patritian_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o time_n his_o colleague_n not_o oppose_v it_o be_v himself_o a_o plebeian_n the_o senate_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o get_v free_a of_o they_o both_o order_v a_o dictator_n to_o be_v create_v who_o it_o fall_v to_o aemilius_n share_n to_o nominate_v as_o have_v the_o fasces_fw-la that_o month._n aemilius_n name_v his_o colleague_n publius_n philo_n 414._o who_o appoint_v junius_n brutus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o be_v the_o second_o plebeian_n dictator_n in_o rome_n publius_n be_v a_o great_a vexation_n to_o the_o nobility_n and_o be_v full_a of_o invective_n against_o they_o procure_v three_o remarkable_a law_n whereof_o the_o first_o alter_v the_o very_a constitution_n of_o the_o state_n which_o be_v that_o the_o plebiscita_fw-la shall_v bind_v the_o quirite_n or_o citizen_n of_o rome_n of_o all_o rank_n and_o degree_n whatsoever_o the_o second_o be_v that_o such_o law_n as_o be_v enact_v in_o the_o centuriate_a comitia_fw-la shall_v be_v propose_v or_o pass_v by_o the_o senate_n before_o they_o be_v vote_v by_o the_o people_n the_o three_o that_o whereas_o they_o have_v obtain_v before_o that_o both_o the_o censor_n may_v be_v plebeian_n now_o one_o at_o least_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v so_o so_o now_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n be_v more_o impair_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o two_o at_o home_n than_o it_o be_v augment_v by_o their_o valour_n abroad_o in_o the_o follow_a year_n wherein_o furius_n camillus_n and_o c._n maenius_n be_v consul_n pedum_n be_v take_v by_o storm_n and_o the_o consul_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o victory_n conquer_a all_o latium_n bring_v it_o and_o some_o neighbour_a part_n to_o a_o entire_a submission_n for_o which_o they_o triumph_v and_o have_v statue_n on_o horseback_n erect_v for_o they_o in_o the_o forum_n a_o honour_n very_o rare_a in_o those_o day_n the_o several_a people_n of_o latium_n have_v several_a condition_n of_o peace_n appoint_v they_o some_o be_v reward_v and_o honour_v other_o punish_v and_o disgrace_v according_a as_o their_o former_a behaviour_n have_v be_v to_o antium_n be_v send_v a_o new_a colony_n the_o old_a inhabitant_n be_v forbid_v the_o sea_n and_o have_v all_o their_o long_a ship_n take_v from_o they_o but_o have_v leave_v to_o enter_v themselves_o in_o the_o colony_n and_o be_v make_v free_a of_o that_o city_n the_o ship_n be_v some_o of_o they_o bring_v into_o the_o roman_a arsenal_n other_o burn_v and_o with_o their_o rostra_fw-la or_o beak_n be_v the_o gallery_n or_o pulpit_n for_o oration_n in_o the_o forum_n adorn_v whence_o that_o have_v afterward_o the_o name_n of_o rostra_fw-la rostra_fw-la the_o year_n follow_v minutia_n a_o vestal_a virgin_n be_v bury_v alive_a in_o the_o campus_n sceleratus_fw-la which_o as_o livy_n believe_v have_v its_o name_n from_o incest_n for_o so_o incontinency_n in_o those_o woman_n be_v call_v and_o in_o this_o same_o year_n publius_n philo_n be_v make_v praetor_n who_o be_v the_o first_o plebeian_n that_o obtain_v this_o honour_n 416._o the_o senate_n little_o regard_v it_o have_v be_v so_o often_o overpower_v in_o matter_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n and_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o 416th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n and_o 28_o year_n after_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o this_o office_n iii_o not_o long_o after_o the_o agreement_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o latin_n a_o war_n break_v out_o between_o the_o arunci_n and_o the_o sidicini_n in_o campania_n in_o which_o the_o latter_a constrain_v the_o former_a to_o abandon_v their_o ancient_a seat_n and_o settle_v in_o suessa_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v arunca_n the_o arunci_n have_v give_v up_o themselves_o to_o the_o roman_n who_o thereupon_o order_v they_o relief_n but_o the_o consul_n defer_v it_o lose_v the_o opportunity_n of_o assist_v '_o they_o but_o in_o the_o next_o year_n the_o sidicini_n with_o their_o confederate_n and_o neighbour_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o cales_n be_v overthrow_v
and_o valerius_n corvus_n now_o the_o four_o time_n consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a roman_a commander_n of_o his_o time_n take_v cales_n also_o in_o which_o he_o place_v a_o colony_n of_o 2500_o person_n corvus_n return_v in_o triumph_n but_o he_o and_o his_o colleague_n be_v employ_v in_o some_o small_a action_n abroad_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v for_o the_o hold_v the_o comitia_fw-la for_o the_o election_n of_o new_a consul_n which_o be_v aemilius_n mamercinus_n who_o appoint_v publius_n philo_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 418._o two_o year_n before_o this_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v and_o another_o a_o year_n after_o this_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o undue_a election_n and_o their_o not_o act_v i_o shall_v not_o reckon_v they_o among_o the_o number_n of_o dictator_n affair_n abroad_o be_v in_o a_o peaceable_a posture_n for_o some_o time_n but_o in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n the_o mere_a rumour_n of_o a_o invasion_n by_o the_o gaul_n occasion_v the_o creation_n of_o a_o dictator_n which_o be_v papirius_n crassus_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v v._o poplicola_n 421._o but_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v any_o extraordinary_a employment_n in_o this_o same_o year_n two_o new_a tribe_n be_v add_v namely_o the_o metian_a and_o the_o scaptian_n for_o the_o late_o admit_v citizen_n which_o now_o make_v the_o number_n twenty_o nine_o the_o arunci_n be_v also_o make_v free_a of_o the_o city_n time_n but_o without_o the_o privilege_n of_o vote_v by_o a_o law_n prefer_v by_o papirius_n the_o praetor_n about_o a_o year_n after_o the_o settlement_n of_o these_o matter_n above_o 170_o woman_n be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o the_o art_n of_o poison_v be_v discover_v by_o a_o she-slave_n this_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o such_o a_o prodigy_n by_o the_o superstitious_a people_n that_o a_o dictator_n be_v create_v to_o drive_v a_o nail_n into_o jupiter_n temple_n 422._o as_o the_o best_a remedy_n for_o the_o distemper_n of_o the_o state_n quintius_n varus_n be_v the_o man_n and_o valerius_n potius_fw-la his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o this_o be_v the_o second_o dictator_n create_v upon_o that_o account_n for_o the_o two_o succeed_a year_n a_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o privernum_n in_o the_o volscian_a state_n who_o be_v draw_v into_o it_o by_o vitrurius_n vaccus_n a_o man_n of_o principal_a note_n among_o the_o arunci_n the_o first_o year_n they_o be_v overthrow_v the_o next_o vitrurius_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o privernum_n surrender_v the_o principal_a actor_n with_o vitrurius_n be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v free_a of_o the_o city_n 424._o this_o happen_v in_o the_o same_o year_n with_o alexander_n destroy_v the_o persian_a empire_n and_o his_o set_n up_o the_o macedonian_a and_o 60_o after_o the_o burn_a of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o after_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o palaepolis_n in_o campania_n trust_v to_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o samnite_n and_o take_v advantage_n from_o a_o plague_n in_o rome_n commit_v great_a act_n of_o hostility_n against_o the_o roman_n who_o dwell_v about_o cumae_n and_o falernus_n war_n be_v present_o declare_v against_o they_o and_o though_o they_o we_o assist_v by_o the_o samnite_n and_o tarentines_n a_o people_n beyond_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v up_o their_o city_n which_o stand_v in_o some_o place_n where_o naples_n do_v afterward_o and_o the_o samnite_n lose_v three_o of_o their_o own_o to_n the_o tarentines_n nevertheless_o proceed_v and_o draw_v the_o samnite_n with_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o palaepoltians_n again_o into_o the_o war_n wherein_o the_o vestini_n together_o with_o their_o ally_n be_v also_o engage_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o war_n great_a commotion_n happen_v in_o the_o city_n occasion_v by_o one_o papirius_n who_o have_v give_v up_o himself_o as_o slave_n to_o publius_n a_o severe_a usurer_n to_o work_v out_o his_o father_n debt_n papirius_n be_v both_o young_a and_o beautiful_a publius_n attempt_v to_o abuse_v he_o after_o a_o filthy_a manner_n and_o upon_o his_o refusal_n most_o cruel_o scourge_v he_o in_o this_o condition_n papirius_n flee_v to_o the_o people_n who_o be_v so_o affect_v with_o his_o barbarous_a usage_n that_o they_o procure_v these_o two_o law_n short_o after_o first_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v detain_v in_o bound_n except_o for_o heinous_a misdemeanour_n and_o then_o not_o after_o punishment_n the_o second_o that_o the_o money_n and_o good_n not_o the_o body_n of_o the_o debtor_n shall_v be_v responsible_a whereupon_o all_o prisoner_n for_o debt_n be_v immediate_o set_v at_o liberty_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o vestini_n be_v overthrow_v by_o brutus_n scaeva_n the_o consul_n and_o two_o town_n take_v from_o '_o they_o his_o colleague_n furius_n camillus_n be_v sick_a at_o samnium_n 428._o name_v papirius_n cursor_n for_o dictator_n the_o most_o famous_a commander_n in_o those_o time_n who_o appoint_v fabius_n rullianus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n papirius_n be_v encamp_v nigh_o the_o samnite_n be_v force_v to_o return_v to_o rome_n to_o renew_v his_o auspicia_fw-la leave_v a_o most_o strict_a command_n to_o fabius_n not_o to_o stir_v out_o of_o his_o trench_n in_o his_o absence_n but_o fabius_n find_v a_o great_a advantage_n engage_v the_o enemy_n and_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o '_o they_o the_o dictator_n in_o a_o great_a rage_n return_v to_o the_o camp_n and_o will_v have_v put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o the_o army_n rescue_v he_o which_o cause_v papirius_n to_o make_v great_a complaint_n to_o the_o senate_n withaâ—_n urge_v the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o a_o strict_a discipline_n and_o authority_n but_o at_o last_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o father_n with_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o tribune_n and_o people_n prevail_v with_o he_o to_o spare_v his_o life_n this_o severity_n of_o papirius_n so_o alienate_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o it_o almost_o cost_v he_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o battle_n soon_o after_o which_o constrain_v he_o to_o be_v more_o popular_a for_o the_o future_a after_o which_o he_o overthrow_v the_o samnite_n and_o so_o much_o waste_v their_o country_n as_o force_v they_o to_o desire_v a_o peace_n the_o samnite_n soon_o return_v to_o their_o former_a enmity_n and_o in_o two_o year_n time_n they_o grow_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o senate_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o create_v a_o dictator_n to_o oppose_v they_o and_o this_o be_v cornelius_n arvina_n who_o appoint_v fabius_n ambustus_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n 431._o and_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o great_a overthrow_n by_o which_o the_o samnite_n be_v so_o weaken_a that_o they_o send_v all_o their_o prisoner_n and_o plunder_n to_o rome_n together_o with_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o revolt_n who_o have_v kilâ—ed_v himself_o to_o 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high_a mountain_n and_o extreme_a difficult_a and_o dangerous_a to_o pass_v if_o a_o enemy_n be_v nigh_o the_o consul_n lead_v their_o army_n through_o this_o be_v immediate_o block_v up_o on_o all_o side_n by_o pontius_n who_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o defile_v the_o samnite_n have_v get_v the_o roman_n at_o this_o great_a advantage_n immediate_o send_v to_o herennius_n pontius_n father_n to_o know_v how_o to_o proceed_v herennius_n send_v two_o several_a message_n the_o first_o to_o dismiss_v the_o roman_n without_o any_o injury_n at_o all_o the_o second_o to_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o sword_n urge_v that_o one_o of_o thâ—se_a two_o way_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o first_o will_v lay_v a_o perpetual_a obligation_n on_o a_o most_o powerful_a people_n and_o the_o second_o will_v be_v a_o great_a weaken_n of_o a_o most_o formidable_a enemy_n and_o that_o no_o three_o way_n can_v either_o gain_v
those_o creature_n break_v their_o rank_n whereupon_o pyrrhus_n command_v the_o thessalian_a cavalry_n to_o charge_v they_o in_o this_o disorder_n and_o give_v they_o a_o total_a rout_n with_o great_a slaughter_n though_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o his_o best_a man_n he_o himself_o also_o be_v wound_v the_o roman_n lose_v nigh_o 15000_o man_n and_o have_v 1800_o take_v prisoner_n and_o the_o other_o side_n lose_v 13000_o as_o plutarch_n observe_v out_o of_o dionysius_n pyrrhus_n use_v the_o roman_a prisoner_n with_o extraordinary_a civility_n and_o courtesy_n and_o generous_o buryâ—d_v their_o dead_a then_o take_v a_o view_n of_o their_o body_n and_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v all_o wound_v before_o and_o what_o noble_a and_o stern_a countenance_n they_o have_v he_o lift_v up_o his_o eye_n and_o cryâ—d_n o_o how_o easy_o may_v i_o conquer_v the_o world_n be_v i_o master_n of_o such_o soldier_n after_o this_o battle_n pyrrhus_n be_v join_v with_o the_o auxiliary_a troop_n of_o the_o samnite_n lucani_n and_o brutii_n direct_v his_o march_n towards_o rome_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o praeneste_n lay_v waste_n all_o before_o he_o the_o roman_n use_v all_o necessary_a diligence_n to_o recruit_v their_o troop_n and_o to_o make_v new_a levy_n stir_a up_o their_o courage_n as_o much_o as_o possible_o fabricius_n a_o patrician_n insinuate_v that_o the_o loss_n be_v not_o through_o want_n of_o valour_n but_o conduct_v and_o that_o the_o grecian_n have_v not_o overcome_v the_o roman_n but_o pyrrhus_n have_v conquer_a laevinus_n pyrrhus_n find_v the_o roman_n very_o diligent_a and_o expeditious_a in_o their_o recruit_n consider_v it_o be_v more_o honourable_a to_o treat_v with_o they_o after_o his_o victory_n since_o he_o have_v but_o small_a hope_n of_o subdue_a they_o and_o for_o that_o purpose_n send_v cineas_n to_o find_v out_o their_o inclination_n a_o man_n so_o powerful_a in_o rhetoric_n that_o the_o king_n acknowledge_v he_o to_o have_v storm_v more_o 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conquer_a all_n italy_n only_o ask_v for_o his_o master_n and_o the_o tarentines_n their_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n these_o fair_a promise_n at_o first_o make_v the_o senate_n somewhat_o incline_v to_o a_o treaty_n till_o appius_n claudius_n now_o blind_a and_o very_o ancient_a be_v bring_v into_o the_o senate-house_n who_o by_o a_o stir_a and_o encourage_v oration_n so_o warm_v the_o assembly_n that_o cineas_n can_v be_v hear_v no_o more_o but_o be_v dismiss_v with_o this_o answer_n that_o when_o pyrrhus_n have_v withdraw_v his_o force_n from_o italy_n then_o if_o he_o please_v they_o will_v treat_v with_o he_o about_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n but_o till_o then_o they_o resolve_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n though_o they_o meet_v with_o never_o so_o many_o defeat_v cineas_n at_o his_o return_n be_v ask_v by_o pyrrhus_n what_o he_o think_v of_o rome_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o senate_n appear_v to_o he_o as_o a_o venerable_a assembly_n of_o so_o many_o king_n and_o the_o people_n he_o think_v be_v like_o the_o hydra_n who_o number_n increase_v the_o more_o for_o the_o defeat_n for_o the_o consul_n have_v alreday_n raise_v twice_o as_o great_a a_o army_n and_o there_o be_v still_o far_o great_a number_n behind_o soon_o after_o cineas_n return_n the_o roman_n send_v to_o pyrrhus_n about_o ransom_v of_o prisoner_n among_o other_o c._n fabricius_n a_o person_n eminent_a for_o his_o great_a virtue_n and_o remarkable_a for_o his_o profess_a poverty_n pyrrhus_n receiuâ—d_v he_o with_o a_o extraordinary_a civility_n and_o kindness_n likewise_o offer_v he_o gold_n assure_v he_o it_o be_v no_o otherwise_o than_o a_o hospitable_a respect_n to_o a_o person_n of_o his_o excellency_n but_o all_o this_o have_v no_o effect_n upon_o the_o steadiness_n of_o fabricius_n temper_n the_o next_o day_n pyrrhus_n try_v all_o method_n to_o discompose_v he_o command_v one_o of_o his_o large_a elephant_n complete_o arm_v to_o be_v place_v behind_o the_o hang_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o discourse_n upon_o a_o sign_n give_v the_o tapestry_n be_v draw_v aside_o and_o the_o huge_a elephant_n raise_v his_o trunk_n over_o fabricius_n head_n make_v a_o hideous_a noise_n fabricius_n though_o he_o have_v never_o see_v this_o creature_n be_v not_o at_o all_o afraid_a but_o gentle_o turn_v about_o and_o smile_v say_v neither_o your_o gold_n yesterday_o nor_o you_o dreadful_a beast_n to_o day_n can_v make_v any_o impression_n upon_o i_o pyrrhus_n amaze_v at_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o mind_n release_v the_o prisoner_n entrust_v they_o to_o he_o alone_o with_o nothing_o but_o a_o promise_n that_o if_o the_o senate_n accept_v not_o of_o peace_n they_o shall_v return_v to_o he_o which_o according_o they_o do_v be_v command_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o senate_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n in_o the_o same_o year_n coruncanius_n laevinusâ—_n â—_z colleague_n triumph_v over_o some_o of_o the_o etrurians_n who_o have_v revolt_v and_o likewise_o this_o year_n the_o lustrum_fw-la be_v perform_v 278222_o free_a citizen_n be_v cess_v ii_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v now_o recruit_v sulpicius_n saverrio_n 474._o and_o decius_n must_n the_o consul_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n be_v send_v against_o pyrrhus_n the_o roman_n have_v now_o learn_v not_o to_o fear_v the_o elephant_n so_o much_o as_o former_o and_o be_v very_o carful_a in_o observe_v and_o understand_v pyrrhus_n art_n and_o conduct_n in_o battle_n both_o army_n meet_v about_o the_o city_n of_o asculum_n and_o pyrrhus_n be_v incommode_v by_o a_o woody_n country_n veâ—y_o inconvenient_a for_o his_o cavalry_n and_o a_o very_a swift_a current_n of_o the_o river_n that_o the_o elephant_n for_o want_n of_o sure_a foot_n can_v not_o get_v up_o with_o the_o infantry_n but_o after_o many_o wound_v and_o kill_v the_o night_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o engagement_n the_o next_o morning_n pyrrhus_n design_v to_o fight_n on_o even_a ground_n and_o to_o have_v the_o elephant_n in_o the_o thick_a of_o the_o enemy_n cause_v a_o detachment_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o those_o incommodius_fw-la ground_n and_o mix_v slinger_n and_o archer_n among_o the_o elephant_n with_o great_a courage_n advance_v in_o a_o close_a and_o well_o order_v body_n and_o the_o roman_n not_o have_v those_o advantage_n of_o retreat_v and_o fall_v on_o as_o they_o have_v before_o be_v oblige_v to_o fight_v man_n to_o man_n upon_o plain_a ground_n make_v a_o bloody_a slaughter_n among_o the_o grecian_a spear_n man_n not_o mind_v or_o value_v what_o they_o suffer_v themselves_o after_o a_o long_a and_o obstinate_a fight_n the_o roman_n be_v so_o press_v upon_o especial_o by_o the_o mighty_a force_n of_o the_o elephant_n and_o the_o gaecian_a cavalry_n and_o so_o overpower_v that_o they_o retreat_v to_o their_o camp_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o 6000_o man_n the_o enemy_n have_v lose_v nigh_o 4000_o this_o battle_n be_v various_o relate_v but_o this_o be_v the_o true_a account_n that_o i_o can_v find_v of_o it_o after_o this_o engagement_n it_o be_v say_v pyrrhus_n reply_v to_o a_o gentleman_n who_o congratulate_v he_o for_o his_o victory_n if_o we_o overcome_v the_o roman_n another_o time_n we_o be_v utter_o ruin_v for_o by_o this_o time_n he_o have_v lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o force_n he_o have_v bring_v over_o and_o almost_o all_o his_o particular_a friend_n and_o commander_n this_o battle_n finish_v the_o campaign_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n be_v employ_v in_o take_v care_n for_o the_o next_o at_o which_o time_n fabricius_n himself_o be_v choose_v consul_n together_o with_o aemilius_n papus_n at_o the_o nigh_o approach_v of_o the_o two_o army_n fabricius_n receiuâ—d_v a_o letter_n from_o the_o â—_z principal_a physician_n offer_v to_o take_v off_o pyrrhus_n by_o poison_n and_o so_o end_v the_o war_n without_o far_a hazard_n to_o the_o roman_n provide_v he_o may_v have_v
tell_v they_o that_o assistance_n will_v soon_o come_v which_o report_n keep_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o camp_n and_o so_o take_v this_o advantage_n the_o night_n follow_v he_o pass_v undisturbed_a into_o epirus_n with_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n first_o leave_v a_o garrison_n in_o tarentum_n which_o be_v more_o to_o preserve_v his_o own_o reputation_n than_o for_o any_o other_o use._n thus_o in_o about_o six_o year_n end_v the_o war_n with_o the_o famous_a pyrrhus_n a_o person_n esteem_v the_o able_a commander_n of_o all_o the_o king_n in_o that_o time_n both_o for_o military_a experience_n and_o personal_a valour_n but_o he_o know_v better_o how_o to_o conquer_v than_o how_o to_o keep_v and_o from_o he_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o only_o improve_v the_o art_n of_o encamp_v but_o likewise_o learned_a to_o avoid_v plain_n and_o better_a to_o sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o a_o discipline_v cavalry_n which_o before_o they_o have_v despise_v iv._o the_o roman_a name_n which_o before_o have_v be_v famous_a be_v now_o become_v formidable_a after_o the_o overthrow_n of_o so_o great_a a_o man_n as_o pyrrhus_n which_o make_v way_n for_o far_a conquest_n and_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o the_o second_o year_n after_o pyrrhus_n retreat_n ptolemy_n philadelphus_n king_n of_o egypt_n send_v ambassador_n to_o congratulate_v the_o roman_a success_n 480._o and_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o alliance_n with_o '_o they_o the_o roman_n to_o show_v he_o the_o great_a respect_n likewise_o send_v ambassador_n to_o egypt_n where_o they_o be_v most_o courteous_o receive_v and_o send_v home_o lade_v with_o gift_n and_o present_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o taremines_n not_o be_v able_a to_o remove_v the_o garrison_n pyrrhus_n have_v leave_v under_o milo_n desire_v aid_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o with_o they_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o roman_n be_v overthrow_v milo_n sensible_a how_o unable_a he_o be_v to_o resist_v by_o leave_n from_o the_o consul_n papirius_n depart_v with_o his_o man_n and_o quit_v the_o castle_n which_o the_o roman_n possess_v easy_o become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n the_o wall_n whereof_o they_o demolish_a peace_n and_o liberty_n be_v grant_v to_o all_o the_o citizen_n and_o this_o year_n the_o two_o consul_n triumph_v have_v finish_v both_o the_o tarentine_n and_o samnite_n war_n in_o the_o year_n 481._o the_o latter_a of_o these_o have_v with_o some_o intermission_n continue_v seventy_o one_o year_n and_o over_o these_o the_o roman_n triumph_v thirty_o time_n namely_o consul_n twenty_o six_o dictator_n twice_o and_o proconsul_n as_o many_o now_o the_o roman_n grow_v much_o too_o powerful_a for_o their_o neighbour_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n be_v now_o conquer_v a_o accession_n be_v make_v not_o only_o of_o the_o tarentines_n and_o samnite_n but_o of_o the_o lucanian_o also_o and_o not_o long_o before_o of_o the_o etrurians_n after_o this_o the_o campanian_a legion_n who_o have_v treacherous_o seize_v upon_o rhegium_n and_o keep_v it_o to_o themselves_o be_v besiege_v and_o upon_o surrender_n put_v to_o death_n by_o fifty_o at_o a_o time_n soon_o after_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o apollonia_n in_o illyricum_n send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n some_o extravagant_a and_o unruly_a nobleman_n fall_v upon_o they_o and_o beat_v they_o but_o the_o roman_n be_v so_o just_a as_o to_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o the_o apolloniates_n in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o picentes_n be_v subdue_v and_o colony_n be_v send_v to_o ariminum_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o piceni_n and_o to_o beneventum_n in_o that_o of_o the_o samnite_n about_o the_o same_o time_n be_v silver_n first_o coin_v in_o rome_n whereas_o brass_n have_v only_o be_v in_o use_n till_o now_o their_o riches_n be_v increase_v by_o their_o conquest_n 484._o and_o large_a quantity_n of_o silver_n be_v find_v in_o a_o castle_n of_o the_o samnite_n a_o year_n after_o the_o sabine_n who_o some_o year_n past_a have_v be_v make_v denizen_n of_o rome_n receive_v now_o also_o the_o power_n of_o vote_v in_o election_n about_o four_o year_n after_o that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o quaestor_n be_v increase_v from_o four_o to_o eight_o and_o in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o reduction_n of_o the_o umbri_n and_o sallentini_n increase_v together_o with_o the_o city_n of_o brundisium_n 489._o complete_v the_o conquest_n of_o all_o joaly_n now_o be_v the_o roman_a dominion_n much_o large_a than_o ever_o contain_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o old_a italy_n and_o the_o several_a italian_a nation_n be_v about_o 500_o mile_n long_o and_o 130_o broad_a which_o comprehend_v about_o one_o haâ—f_n of_o that_o country_n which_o now_o go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o italy_n as_o be_v forme_o observe_v just_o at_o the_o same_o time_n begin_v the_o first_o punic_a or_o carthaginian_a war_n in_o the_o 489th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n a._n m._n â—740_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o 128th_o olympiad_n 244_o since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 125_o since_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o city_n by_o the_o gaul_n 65._o since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o 263_o before_o our_o saviour_n nativity_n chap._n ix_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n to_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o the_o roman_n now_o grow_v powerful_a by_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o by_o land_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 47_o year_n i._o the_o carthaginian_n make_v up_o a_o very_a large_a and_o powerful_a commonwealth_n 489._o command_v most_o of_o that_o part_n of_o africa_n which_o now_o go_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o barbary_n their_o dominion_n extend_v about_o 2000_o mile_n in_o length_n all_o border_a upon_o the_o sea_n have_v beside_o the_o island_n of_o sardinia_n and_o corsica_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o sicily_n with_o other_o lesser_a isle_n the_o occasion_n of_o the_o roman_n war_n with_o this_o nation_n be_v their_o join_n with_o hiero_n king_n of_o syracuse_n against_o the_o mamertine_n and_o for_o besiege_v messana_n which_o oblige_v that_o people_n to_o send_v to_o rome_n for_o succour_n the_o roman_n have_v not_o forget_v the_o carthaginian_n assist_v the_o tarentines_n against_o they_o not_o long_o before_o and_o because_o the_o former_a carriage_n of_o the_o mamertine_n be_v not_o easy_o justify_v they_o make_v that_o their_o pretence_n of_o their_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o appiâ—â—_n claudius_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n be_v immediate_o send_v over_o to_o sicily_n with_o a_o army_n and_o a_o small_a fleet._n with_o much_o danger_n and_o difficulty_n he_o pass_v the_o straits_n between_o italy_n and_o sicily_n but_o with_o that_o success_n that_o the_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o messana_n in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o after_o that_o defeat_v both_o hiero_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o two_o several_a battle_n appius_n return_v to_o rome_n with_o a_o noble_a triumph_n which_o 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carthaginian_n be_v master_n at_o sea_n they_o can_v not_o safe_o supply_v the_o army_n with_o provision_n and_o necessary_n expect_v that_o he_o shall_v chief_o take_v care_n about_o that_o affair_n valerius_n one_o of_o this_o year_n consul_n from_o messana_n have_v the_o surname_n of_o messala_n who_o also_o have_v take_v catana_n carry_v from_o thence_o a_o new_a sundial_n to_o rome_n papirius_n cursâ—r_v have_v 30_o year_n before_o set_v up_o the_o first_o that_o ever_o be_v in_o this_o city_n this_o though_o not_o perfect_a the_o people_n make_v use_v for_o 99_o year_n till_o m._n philippus_n the_o censor_n set_v up_o a_o perfect_a one_o by_o it_o and_o about_o that_o time_n scipio_n nasica_n be_v censor_n first_o make_v the_o equal_a division_n of_o the_o day_n into_o hour_n by_o water_n drop_v out_o of_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o this_o year_n the_o city_n be_v much_o afflict_a with_o a_o pestilence_n a_o dictator_n be_v
city_n of_o syracuse_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n but_o can_v not_o storm_v it_o with_o all_o his_o power_n be_v perpetual_o hinder_v by_o the_o great_a skill_n and_o invention_n of_o that_o excellent_a mathematician_n archimedâ—s_n who_o contrive_v such_o engine_n as_o wouâ—d_v cast_v stone_n of_o prodigious_a bulk_n upon_o the_o roman_n and_o vast_a beam_n upon_o their_o ship_n and_o dismount_v all_o their_o bat-battering_a engine_n he_o also_o set_v the_o roman_a ship_n upon_o one_o end_n or_o overturn_v they_o or_o hoist_v they_o up_o into_o the_o air_n and_o after_o all_o the_o man_n be_v fall_v out_o let_v they_o fall_v upon_o the_o wall_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o become_v so_o formidable_a to_o the_o roman_n that_o marcellus_n be_v force_v to_o remove_v to_o a_o far_a distance_n jeer_a his_o own_o engineer_n and_o call_v archimedes_n briareus_n after_o some_o considerable_a action_n in_o sicily_n and_o after_o three_o year_n siege_n marcellus_n find_v mean_n to_o surprise_v the_o 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the_o very_a name_n of_o such_o a_o enterprise_n will_v oblige_v they_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o march_v direct_o that_o way_n his_o design_n be_v hear_v of_o at_o rome_n the_o citizen_n be_v various_o incline_v as_o to_o their_o way_n of_o security_n some_o think_v all_o the_o force_n in_o italy_n be_v to_o be_v send_v for_o but_o fabius_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n hear_v of_o rise_v from_o before_o capua_n therefore_o a_o middle_a way_n be_v take_v which_o be_v to_o send_v for_o fulvius_n the_o proconsul_n from_o the_o siege_n with_o 15000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v speedy_o effect_v hannibal_n be_v now_o encamp_v about_o eight_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n hannibal_n in_o a_o short_a time_n decamp_v and_o advance_v to_o the_o river_n arno_n three_o mile_n from_o rome_n from_o whence_o with_o a_o party_n of_o 2000_o horse_n he_o go_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o city_n flaccus_n much_o offend_v that_o 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upon_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o asdrubal_n and_o another_o governor_n be_v order_v to_o succeed_v he_o both_z the_o scipio_n have_v be_v slay_v not_o long_o before_o in_o spain_n a_o comitia_fw-la be_v hold_v for_o the_o create_v a_o proconsul_n for_o spain_n but_o none_o appear_v to_o stand_v for_o that_o office_n well_o perceive_v the_o hazard_n and_o difficulty_n of_o such_o a_o war_n which_o cause_v a_o great_a concern_v and_o sadness_n among_o the_o 〈◊〉_d whereupon_o young_a scipio_n a_o noble_a youth_n 〈◊〉_d 24_o year_n of_o age_n brave_o stand_v up_o and_o profess_a â—â—â—self_n candidate_n have_v the_o year_n before_o be_v 〈…〉_z though_o under_o age_n by_o the_o great_a favour_n and_o câ—â—â—ence_n of_o the_o people_n this_o scipio_n be_v son_n to_o the_o consul_n slay_v in_o spain_n a_o person_n of_o rare_a and_o wonderful_a ability_n for_o his_o age_n of_o extraordinary_a courage_n and_o valour_n and_o of_o as_o eminent_a prudence_n and_o virtue_n which_o excellent_a 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which_o make_v perseus_n begin_v to_o reflect_v upon_o what_o he_o have_v do_v and_o understand_a the_o motion_n and_o preparation_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o apply_v himself_o to_o marcius_n about_o a_o treaty_n for_o peace_n rely_v upon_o the_o ancient_a friendship_n between_o their_o two_o family_n the_o ambassador_n be_v well_o satisfy_v with_o this_o opportunity_n and_o to_o divert_v he_o from_o action_n grant_v he_o truce_n till_o he_o may_v send_v to_o rome_n for_o without_o this_o he_o may_v have_v begin_v the_o war_n much_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v neither_o army_n nor_o commander_n yet_o arriuâ—d_v in_o grecce_n the_o senate_n deny_v he_o peace_n and_o attilius_n the_o consul_n be_v send_v to_o seize_v upon_o larissa_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o thessaly_n whereupon_o perseus_n draw_v all_o his_o force_n together_o have_v gather_v together_o a_o great_a army_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n be_v master_n of_o since_o alexander_n the_o 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consul_n who_o be_v to_o manage_v this_o war_n perform_v but_o little_a of_o moment_n beside_o reduce_v his_o man_n to_o that_o ancient_a discipline_n which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v too_o much_o neglect_v marcius_n philippus_n succeed_v he_o at_o his_o first_o entrance_n into_o his_o province_n may_v have_v easy_o be_v defeat_v have_v he_o meet_v with_o a_o prudent_a and_o expert_a enemy_n the_o way_n be_v so_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a to_o pass_v that_o his_o soldier_n can_v scarce_o hold_v their_o weapon_n in_o their_o hand_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o weariness_n and_o after_o he_o have_v enter_v the_o plain_n he_o may_v as_o easy_o have_v be_v block_v up_o and_o staruâ—d_v have_v not_o perseus_n strike_v with_o a_o groundless_a fear_n retreat_v to_o pydna_n and_o leave_v all_o the_o pass_v open_a to_o he_o yet_o marcius_n act_v nothing_o of_o consequence_n leave_v all_o to_o be_v perform_v by_o his_o successor_n aemilius_n paulus_n who_o have_v be_v consul_n 17_o year_n before_o and_o be_v a_o very_a experienced_a commander_n aemilius_z very_o skilful_o manage_v the_o war_n and_o cause_v the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o be_v foretell_v to_o his_o soldier_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v discourage_v by_o it_o which_o much_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o natural_a cause_n he_o keep_v his_o man_n from_o fight_v when_o they_o be_v fatigue_v though_o the_o officer_n be_v desirous_a to_o engage_v but_o the_o army_n lie_v encamp_v on_o each_o side_n the_o river_n enipeus_n a_o peast_n by_o chance_n pass_v over_o from_o the_o roman_a side_n be_v seize_v on_o and_o be_v rescue_v by_o degree_n draw_v both_o army_n to_o a_o engagement_n wherein_o persâ—us_n lose_v the_o day_n and_o with_o it_o his_o kingdom_n he_o fly_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o crete_n when_o all_o abandon_v he_o surrender_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o cn._n octavius_n aemilius_z severe_o chastise_v the_o epirot_n who_o have_v joynâ—d_v with_o perseâ—s_n plunder_v and_o demolish_n about_o 70_o of_o their_o town_n whereby_o such_o a_o great_a booty_n be_v gain_v that_o each_o footman_n have_v 200_o denarii_fw-la above_o 7_o english_a pound_n and_o every_o horseman_n twice_o as_o much_o but_o the_o soldier_n have_v gain_v little_a or_o no_o plunder_n in_o mâ—câ—donia_n nor_o any_o of_o the_o king_n treasure_n denyâ—d_v their_o general_n a_o triumph_n which_o he_o obtain_v notwithstanding_o and_o that_o a_o most_o splendid_a one_o too_o such_o as_o rome_n scare_v ever_o see_v before_o preseus_n himself_o and_o his_o two_o son_n be_v lead_v in_o great_a state_n and_o magnificence_n before_o his_o triumphal_a chariot_n and_o the_o same_o year_n cn._n octavius_n the_o praetor_n at_o sea_n triumph_v and_o l._n anicius_n before_o who_o chariot_n be_v lead_v gentius_n king_n of_o the_o illyrian_n who_o be_v a_o confederate_a of_o perseus_n be_v oblige_v to_o yield_v himself_o prisoner_n thus_o end_v the_o second_o macedonian_a war_n in_o three_o year_n time_n and_o with_o it_o the_o macedonian_a kingdom_n after_o it_o have_v continue_v 156_o year_n after_o alexanderâ—s_n death_n and_o several_a hundred_o of_o year_n before_o aemilius_z by_o this_o conquest_n bring_v 200_o million_o of_o sesterce_n into_o the_o treasure_n according_a to_o paterculus_n iv._o now_o the_o roman_a grandeur_n begin_v to_o display_v itself_o through_o all_o country_n and_o nation_n 586._o many_o king_n and_o potentate_n become_v humble_a suppliant_n to_o the_o senate_n be_v all_o at_o their_o disposal_n and_o learn_v now_o flourish_v much_o more_o than_o ever_o be_v much_o forward_v by_o the_o roman_n converse_v and_o familiarity_n with_o the_o grecian_n who_o they_o have_v late_o conquer_v and_o much_o encourage_v by_o scipio_n and_o laelius_n the_o two_o noble_a patron_n of_o eloquence_n poetry_n and_o all_o art_n and_o the_o worthy_a and_o most_o accomplish_a gentleman_n in_o rome_n the_o former_a of_o these_o be_v aemilius_n the_o consul_n son_n adopt_v by_o the_o son_n of_o africanus_n and_o the_o other_o be_v son_n to_o laelius_n who_o former_o do_v great_a service_n in_o africa_n in_o this_o time_n flourish_v the_o famous_a comedian_n terence_n who_o write_v with_o extraordinary_a correctness_n and_o accuracy_n and_o help_v to_o bring_v the_o roman_a tongue_n to_o a_o great_a perfection_n as_o to_o purity_n and_o propriety_n his_o first_o play_n be_v act_v one_o year_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o macedonia_n and_o perseus_n and_o not_o only_o the_o learning_n riches_n and_o dominion_n of_o rome_n be_v encreasâ—d_v but_o likewise_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o in_o a_o lustration_n about_o this_o time_n there_o were_v 312081_o free_a citizen_n cess_v for_o 17_o or_o 18_o year_n the_o roman_n be_v employ_v in_o more_o inferior_a war_n such_o as_o those_o with_o the_o ligurian_n corsican_o dalmatian_n and_o spaniard_n and_o likewise_o the_o macedenian_o be_v all_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o revolt_v which_o though_o they_o often_o create_v much_o trouble_n to_o the_o state_n 604._o yet_o they_o be_v not_o so_o memorable_a as_o to_o deserve_v a_o particular_a account_n in_o this_o volume_n these_o war_n be_v scarce_o finish_v when_o the_o roman_n find_v a_o pretence_n to_o begin_v the_o three_o carthaginian_a war_n which_o be_v their_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o masanissa_n a_o roman_a ally_n though_o they_o have_v sufficient_a justice_n on_o their_o side_n the_o roman_a ambassador_n who_o be_v send_v to_o carthage_n find_v the_o city_n very_o rich_a and_o flourish_a from_o their_o fifty_o year_n peace_n at_o their_o return_n insist_v much_o on_o the_o danger_n which_o threaten_v rome_n from_o that_o state_n especial_o cato_n who_o never_o come_v into_o the_o senate_n but_o after_o his_o speak_v to_o any_o public_a business_n conclude_v with_o delenda_fw-la est_fw-la carthago_n carthage_n be_v to_o be_v destroy_v he_o be_v often_o oppose_v by_o scipio_n nasica_n who_o urge_v that_o upon_o the_o removal_n of_o so_o powerful_a a_o rival_n security_n will_v cause_v the_o ruin_n and_o dissolution_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n as_o it_o afterward_o prove_v but_o cato_n reason_n draw_v from_o the_o present_a danger_n so_o overrule_v scipio_n forecast_n that_o the_o senate_n now_o have_v a_o pretence_n of_o a_o open_a breach_n of_o article_n order_v war_n to_o be_v proclaim_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o both_o the_o consul_n be_v send_v with_o a_o full_a resolution_n utter_o to_o destroy_v carthage_n the_o carthaginian_n affright_v at_o the_o roman_n preparation_n immediate_o condemn_v those_o who_o have_v break_v the_o league_n and_o most_o humble_o offer_v any_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n answer_n be_v return_v to_o they_o that_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v all_o as_o former_o provide_v they_o send_v 300_o hostage_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n within_o 30_o day_n to_o sicily_n and_o do_v what_o the_o consul_n shall_v fâ—rther_o command_v '_o they_o the_o carthaginians_n desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o
chamber_n to_o meditate_v of_o something_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o people_n the_o next_o day_n in_o the_o morning_n he_o be_v find_v dead_a in_o his_o bed_n not_o without_o suspicion_n of_o treachery_n from_o his_o wife_n and_o mother-in-law_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v mother_n to_o the_o gracchi_n nevertheless_o be_v then_o in_o no_o favour_n with_o the_o people_n little_a enquiry_n be_v make_v after_o his_o death_n though_o he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o extraordinary_a merit_n and_o have_v be_v just_o esteem_v the_o bulwark_n of_o the_o state_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o land_n still_o make_v delay_n in_o the_o division_n and_o some_o believe_v that_o the_o partaker_n of_o the_o dividend_n shall_v likewise_o have_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n which_o however_o like_v of_o by_o other_o be_v high_o displease_v to_o the_o senate_n while_o the_o people_n be_v various_o discourse_v of_o these_o matter_n caius_n obtain_v the_o tribune-ship_n and_o bear_v a_o great_a enmity_n to_o the_o senate_n he_o find_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o show_v it_o he_o prefer_v several_a law_n among_o the_o rest_n one_o for_o divide_v the_o public_a corn_n to_o every_o man_n monthly_o in_o which_o law_n he_o shewid_v himself_o rather_o more_o stir_v and_o active_a and_o more_o dextrous_a than_o his_o brother_n then_o procure_v his_o office_n to_o be_v continue_v to_o he_o another_o year_n he_o begin_v more_o strict_o to_o inspect_v into_o the_o late_a corruption_n of_o the_o senate_n such_o as_o their_o take_a bribe_n their_o sell_v of_o office_n and_o such_o like_a unjust_a proceed_n whereupon_o he_o find_v mean_n to_o transferr_v the_o power_n of_o judge_v corrupt_a officer_n from_o the_o senator_n to_o the_o equites_fw-la or_o knight_n which_o give_v the_o latter_a a_o extraordinary_a authority_n and_o make_v a_o remarkable_a change_n and_o alteration_n in_o the_o whole_a government_n these_o equites_fw-la be_v first_o institute_v by_o romulus_n equites_fw-la and_o though_o they_o be_v original_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o they_o have_v no_o particular_a authority_n rank_n or_o order_n till_o this_o law_n of_o gracchus_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o these_o judgmentsâ—_n shall_v be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o so_o that_o whereas_o at_o first_o there_o be_v only_o two_o order_n or_o rank_n namely_o patrician_n and_o plebeian_n which_o through_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o people_n be_v afterward_o distinguish_v only_o into_o senatorian_n and_o plebeian_n by_o this_o law_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o procurement_n of_o cicero_n afterward_o the_o equites_fw-la become_v a_o distinct_a order_n thus_o now_o the_o roman_a citizen_n consist_v of_o three_o rank_n or_o order_n namely_o the_o senatorian_n which_o include_v all_o the_o patritian_n and_o such_o of_o the_o plebeian_n as_o can_v rise_v to_o be_v senator_n the_o plebeian_n which_o still_o continue_v the_o same_o as_o former_o and_o the_o equestrian_a which_o before_o have_v always_o be_v include_v in_o the_o plebeian_n and_o have_v be_v only_o distinguish_v by_o their_o way_n of_o service_n gracchus_n take_v the_o fair_a opportunity_n that_o he_o can_v expect_v for_o prefer_v this_o law_n for_o the_o senator_n be_v become_v odious_a of_o late_a because_o for_o money_n they_o have_v acquit_v cotta_n salinator_n and_o aquilius_n person_n capital_o guilty_a of_o corruption_n but_o the_o great_a power_n of_o these_o equites_fw-la become_v extreme_o burdensome_a to_o the_o state_n till_o by_o degree_n their_o authority_n come_v to_o be_v diminish_v the_o equites_fw-la alone_o be_v wont_n to_o farm_n the_o public_a revenue_n and_o custom_n from_o the_o censor_n and_o from_o thence_o have_v the_o name_n of_o publican_n publican_n these_o be_v the_o principal_a of_o the_o equestrian_a order_n the_o ornament_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o state_n who_o make_v up_o so_o many_o company_n as_o there_o be_v province_n subject_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o toll_n tribute_n custom_n or_o impost_n caius_n grow_v more_o and_o more_o in_o favour_n with_o the_o commons_o and_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o large_a authority_n than_o ordinary_a which_o he_o manage_v with_o extraordinary_a prudence_n and_o cunning_a be_v a_o master_n of_o much_o eloquence_n and_o many_o other_o accomplishment_n and_o the_o more_o to_o gratify_v the_o commons_o he_o take_v special_a care_n about_o the_o highway_n make_v they_o extraordinary_a handsome_a and_o pleasant_a as_o well_o as_o useful_a and_o convenient_a erect_v likewise_o pillar_n of_o stone_n at_o the_o end_n of_o each_o mile_n to_o signify_v the_o distance_n from_o place_n to_o place_n for_o caius_n find_v the_o senator_n to_o be_v his_o enemy_n he_o endeavour_v still_o more_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o people_n by_o other_o new_a law_n particular_o he_o propose_v that_o a_o colony_n of_o roman_a citizen_n may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o people_n of_o tarentum_n and_o that_o all_o the_o latin_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n but_o the_o senate_n dread_v the_o effect_n of_o caius_n power_n forbid_v the_o latin_n to_o come_v near_o the_o city_n at_o such_o time_n as_o they_o know_v his_o law_n will_v be_v propose_v and_o the_o better_a to_o satisfy_v and_o please_v the_o people_n they_o give_v leave_v to_o the_o send_n of_o 12_o colony_n caius_z thus_o frustrate_v of_o his_o design_n depart_v into_o africa_n with_o flaccus_n his_o colleague_n intend_v to_o plant_v a_o colony_n where_o carthage_n stand_v call_v it_o junonia_n but_o there_o he_o also_o meet_v with_o a_o disappointment_n the_o bind_v mark_n of_o the_o intend_a city_n be_v continual_o remove_v in_o the_o night_n time_n by_o wolf_n as_o some_o author_n relate_v it_o whereupon_o the_o augur_n and_o soothsayer_n pronounce_v the_o design_n unlawful_a caius_n have_v be_v twice_o tribune_n stand_v for_o it_o a_o three_o time_n and_o have_v many_o vote_n but_o his_o colleague_n offend_v at_o his_o violent_a carriage_n at_o this_o time_n procure_v minucius_n rufus_n to_o be_v choose_v into_o his_o place_n who_o begin_v to_o abrogate_v many_o of_o his_o law_n wherein_o he_o be_v second_v by_o opimius_n the_o consul_n who_o be_v a_o profess_a enemy_n to_o caius_n and_o endeavour_v to_o find_v some_o colourable_a pretence_n to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n whereupon_o caâ—us_o at_o the_o instigation_n of_o his_o friend_n especial_o fulvius_n resolve_v present_o to_o raise_v force_n and_o at_o a_o assembly_n in_o the_o capitol_n he_o and_o many_o of_o his_o friend_n go_v thither_o private_o arm_v it_o happen_v that_o one_o antilius_fw-la a_o sergeant_n come_v down_o from_o the_o capitol_n cryâ—d_v out_o to_o fulvius_n and_o his_o friend_n you_o factious_a citizen_n make_v way_n for_o honest_a man_n whereupon_o they_o immediate_o slay_v he_o this_o murder_n cause_v a_o great_a disturbance_n in_o the_o assembly_n and_o caius_n himself_o be_v very_o angry_a with_o those_o of_o his_o party_n for_o give_v his_o enemy_n so_o much_o advantage_n against_o he_o and_o endeavour_v to_o excuse_v himself_o but_o can_v not_o be_v hear_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o tumult_n so_o together_o with_o his_o friend_n and_o confederate_n he_o retire_v home_o the_o consul_n keep_v strict_a watch_n all_o night_n in_o the_o city_n the_o next_o day_n antilius_n corpse_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o bier_n through_o the_o forum_n and_o expose_v to_o open_a view_n just_a before_o the_o senate_n house_n with_o design_n to_o stir_v up_o the_o people_n to_o a_o revenge_n the_o senate_n invest_v opimius_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a power_n and_o all_o the_o equites_fw-la be_v order_v to_o be_v in_o arm_n which_o force_v caius_n and_o all_o his_o friend_n to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o mount_n aventine_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o offer_v liberty_n to_o all_o slave_n that_o shall_v come_v in_o to_o they_o the_o consul_n press_v hard_o upon_o caius_n and_o proclamation_n be_v make_v that_o whoever_o shall_v bring_v the_o head_n either_o of_o caius_n or_o fulvius_n shall_v receive_v their_o weight_n in_o gold_n for_o a_o reward_n caius_n find_v himself_o in_o no_o condition_n for_o a_o long_a defence_n in_o a_o short_a time_n flee_v into_o a_o grove_n beyond_o tiber_n and_o procure_v his_o servant_n to_o kill_v he_o who_o immediate_o after_o kill_v himself_o and_o fall_v down_o dead_a upon_o his_o master_n one_o septimuleius_n carry_v his_o head_n to_o opimius_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o to_o make_v it_o weigh_v the_o heavy_a he_o take_v out_o the_o brain_n and_o fill_v the_o skull_n with_o lead_n fulvius_n fly_v to_o a_o friend_n house_n be_v betray_v and_o slay_v and_o by_o the_o severity_n of_o opimius_n no_o less_o than_o 3000_o person_n of_o this_o party_n be_v put_v to_o death_n thus_o fall_v caius_n gracchus_n above_o 10_o year_n after_o his_o brother_n tiberius_n gracchus_n and_o fix_v after_o he_o begin_v to_o act_n much_o in_o
the_o commonwealth_n these_o gracchi_n have_v so_o far_o change_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o public_a peace_n be_v now_o so_o break_v particular_o by_o the_o disunion_n of_o patron_n and_o client_n that_o the_o roman_a state_n become_v very_o unsettled_a and_o more_o liable_a to_o any_o new_a revolution_n than_o ever_o and_o though_o reformation_n may_v be_v their_o design_n yet_o it_o may_v well_o be_v fear_v that_o ruin_n will_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o such_o disturbance_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n now_o so_o corrupt_v with_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o riches_n as_o well_o as_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o power_n caius_n death_n happen_v in_o the_o 631_o year_n of_o the_o city_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o 164th_o olympiad_v 386_o year_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 207_o since_o the_o set_n up_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n and_o 121_o before_o our_o saviour_n nativity_n chap._n xiii_o from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sedition_n of_o the_o gracchi_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o civil_a war_n in_o italy_n and_o to_o the_o perpetual_a dictatorship_n of_o sylla_n which_o be_v the_o second_o great_a step_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 41_o year_n i._o the_o distemper_n and_o disturbance_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v for_o the_o present_a assuage_v by_o 631._o the_o death_n of_o caius_n gracchus_n and_o soon_o after_o a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o any_o one_o may_v sell_v his_o land_n which_o the_o senior_n gracchus_n have_v forbid_v by_o which_o mean_v the_o poor_a partly_o by_o purchase_n and_o partly_o by_o constraint_n be_v again_o dispossess_v after_o that_o the_o law_n for_o division_n of_o land_n be_v full_o abrogate_a by_o borcus_fw-la and_o the_o ground_n leave_v to_o their_o ancient_a owner_n with_o a_o proviso_n to_o pay_v a_o tribute_n to_o the_o people_n out_o of_o '_o they_o but_o not_o long_o after_o the_o tribute_n be_v likewise_o all_o take_v away_o and_o so_o nothing_o be_v leave_v remain_v for_o the_o poor_a during_o these_o domestic_a trouble_n the_o sardinian_o rebel_v and_o be_v reduce_v by_o aurelius_n and_o the_o fregellan_n be_v punish_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o city_n by_o opimius_n the_o praetor_n about_o which_o time_n africa_n be_v infect_v with_o a_o most_o prodigious_a plague_n destroy_v vast_a number_n of_o man_n cattle_n and_o fowl_n occasion_v by_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o locust_n which_o have_v overspread_v the_o ground_n and_o destroy_v the_o corn_n fruit_n and_o even_a tree_n themselves_o at_o length_n be_v drive_v by_o a_o wind_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o there_o putrefying_a corrupt_a the_o air_n after_o a_o most_o wonderful_a manner_n two_o year_n after_o this_o metellus_z the_o consul_n subdue_v the_o island_n beleare_v near_o spain_n and_o restrain_v all_o the_o piracy_n which_o be_v there_o maintain_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v carry_v on_o that_o war_n call_v bellum_fw-la allobrogicum_fw-la 634._o the_o war_n with_o the_o allobroges_n a_o people_n inhabit_v about_o the_o country_n now_o call_v dauâ—hine_n and_o savoy_n this_o war_n be_v occasion_v first_o by_o the_o sally_n a_o people_n of_o gaul_n beyond_o the_o alps_o who_o invade_v the_o massilian_n ally_n of_o rome_n be_v chastise_v by_o fulvius_n and_o subdue_v by_o sextus_n calvinus_n teutomalus_fw-la their_o king_n fly_v out_o of_o the_o battle_n be_v receiuâ—d_v and_o protect_v by_o the_o allobroges_n who_o likewise_o invade_v the_o hedui_n ally_n also_o of_o rome_n and_o draw_v into_o confederacy_n the_o arverni_n the_o allobroges_n be_v first_o overthrow_v by_o domitius_n aenobarbus_n who_o kill_v 20000_o of_o they_o and_o take_v 3000_o prisoner_n which_o great_a victory_n be_v owe_v chief_o to_o his_o elephant_n after_o he_o fabius_n maximus_n grandson_n to_o paulus_n aemilius_n and_o adopt_v into_o the_o fabian_n family_n defeat_v they_o with_o the_o arverni_n and_o ruteni_n in_o a_o most_o bloody_a battle_n where_o 120000_o be_v report_v to_o be_v slay_v and_o moreover_o take_v one_o of_o their_o king_n prisoner_n he_o obtain_v the_o surname_n of_o allobrogicus_n about_o which_o time_n gallia_n narbonensis_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o province_n in_o the_o year_n 636._o not_o long_o after_o the_o scordisci_n a_o people_n of_o gaulish_n original_a inhabit_v thrace_n defeat_v the_o roman_a army_n under_o cato_n the_o consul_n yet_o be_v afterward_o drive_v back_o into_o their_o own_o country_n by_o didius_n the_o praetor_n and_o the_o consul_n drusus_n and_o after_o this_o they_o give_v occasion_n of_o a_o glorious_a triumph_n to_o minutius_n of_o which_o honour_n metellus_n also_o have_v a_o share_n soon_o after_o these_o war_n in_o a_o lustration_n 394336_o free_a citizen_n be_v poll_v in_o rome_n which_o number_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o that_o in_o the_o lustrum_fw-la five_o year_n before_o ii_o rome_n have_v not_o very_o much_o action_n abroad_o for_o a_o while_n 643._o but_o in_o no_o long_a time_n begin_v a_o considerable_a war_n in_o numidia_n call_v the_o jugurthine_n war._n it_o be_v occasion_v by_o jugurth_n grandson_n to_o the_o famous_a masanissa_n the_o roman_n old_a friend_n who_o murder_v his_o cousin_n hiempsal_n to_o get_v his_o kingdom_n and_o attempt_v to_o do_v the_o same_o to_o his_o brother_n adherbal_n but_o he_o make_v his_o escape_n and_o flee_v to_o the_o roman_n for_o succour_n whereupon_o jugurth_n be_v sensible_a how_o much_o avarice_n and_o injustice_n have_v creep_v into_o the_o city_n he_o send_v his_o ambassador_n with_o large_a present_n to_o rome_n which_o have_v such_o effect_n upon_o the_o senate_n that_o they_o decree_v he_o half_o the_o kingdom_n and_o send_v ten_o commissioner_n to_o divide_v it_o between_o he_o and_o adherbal_n the_o commissioner_n think_v they_o may_v lawful_o imitate_v their_o master_n in_o the_o senate_n be_v also_o bribe_v to_o bestow_v the_o most_o rich_a and_o populous_a part_n upon_o jugurth_n but_o he_o still_o unsatisfy_a fall_v sudden_o upon_o adherbal_n besiege_v he_o in_o cirta_n and_o get_v he_o into_o his_o hand_n likewise_o murder_v he_o for_o this_o war_n be_v decree_v against_o jugurth_n and_o commit_v to_o the_o management_n of_o calpurnius_n bestia_n the_o consul_n who_o short_o after_o invade_v numidia_n with_o great_a vigour_n and_o diligence_n and_o take_v in_o some_o town_n but_o he_o be_v soon_o stop_v in_o his_o career_n be_v overcome_v by_o the_o golden_a weapon_n of_o jugurth_n so_o that_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v soon_o set_v on_o foot_n the_o senate_n be_v a_o little_a mouâ—d_v at_o this_o and_o at_o the_o power_n of_o scaurus_n who_o accompany_v the_o consul_n as_o his_o friend_n and_o counsellor_n be_v likewise_o guilty_a of_o the_o same_o crime_n and_o therefore_o the_o people_n get_v cassius_n longinus_n the_o praetor_n to_o go_v and_o procure_v jugurth_n to_o come_v to_o rome_n upon_o the_o public_a faith_n of_o the_o state_n that_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o may_v discover_v all_o such_o as_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o bribery_n cessius_fw-la with_o no_o great_a difficulty_n persuade_v jugurtha_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o the_o clemency_n of_o rome_n and_o to_o throw_v himself_o upon_o the_o people_n mercy_n whereupon_o he_o come_v to_o rome_n in_o a_o pitiful_a and_o mourn_a habit._n but_o come_v into_o the_o assembly_n baebius_n the_o tribune_n bid_v he_o hold_v his_o peace_n he_o be_v also_o bribe_v to_o defer_v the_o business_n and_o delude_v the_o people_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v one_o massiva_n in_o rome_n iugurth_n cousin-germain_n who_o have_v flee_v from_o africa_n former_o this_o person_n be_v persuade_v by_o albinus_n the_o consul_n to_o beg_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o senate_n but_o jugurth_n have_v some_o intelligence_n of_o the_o design_n procure_v he_o to_o be_v assassinate_v and_o convey_v the_o murderer_n away_o to_o numidia_n hereupon_o within_o a_o few_o day_n he_o be_v command_v to_o be_v go_v and_o be_v out_o of_o the_o city_n he_o look_v upon_o it_o with_o his_o hand_n lift_v up_o crying_z o_o rome_n that_o will_v be_v sell_v thyself_o be_v there_o but_o a_o chapman_n for_o thou_o so_o extreme_o be_v the_o inhabitant_n degenerate_v from_o their_o former_a fidelity_n modesty_n and_o abstinence_n which_o afterward_o bring_v upon_o they_o the_o great_a misery_n that_o ever_o befall_v any_o state_n albinus_n follow_v he_o with_o a_o army_n which_o after_o he_o himself_o have_v be_v sometime_o there_o he_o leave_v with_o his_o brother_n aulus_n who_o in_o the_o consul_n absence_n by_o virtue_n of_o some_o compact_n withdraw_v from_o suthul_n where_o the_o chief_a treasure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n lie_v when_o he_o be_v just_a upon_o invest_v it_o the_o centurion_n be_v likewise_o so_o corrupt_v that_o when_o albinus_n return_v jugurth_n be_v suffer_v to_o break_v into_o the_o camp_n whence_o beat_v out_o
the_o army_n he_o either_o force_v or_o by_o former_a agreement_n bring_v albinus_n to_o submit_v upon_o most_o dishonourable_a term_n in_o this_o condition_n do_v metellus_n the_o follow_a consul_n find_v affair_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v almost_o ruin_v for_o want_n of_o discipline_n to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n and_o the_o grievous_a vexation_n of_o the_o honest_a sort_n in_o the_o city_n metellus_n have_v with_o much_o difficulty_n bring_v his_o soldier_n into_o good_a order_n within_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n overthrow_v jugurth_n several_a time_n force_v he_o out_o of_o several_a town_n and_o pursue_v he_o beyond_o her_o own_o frontier_n which_o constrain_v he_o to_o submit_v and_o beg_v peace_n but_o he_o in_o a_o short_a time_n break_v the_o condition_n of_o it_o and_o so_o the_o former_a hostility_n return_v at_o this_o time_n one_o c._n marius_n be_v legatus_fw-la or_o lieutenant_n to_o mâ—tellus_n a_o person_n of_o frugality_n policy_n and_o military_a experience_n and_o of_o vast_a courage_n in_o war_n a_o contemner_n of_o pleasure_n but_o very_o ambitious_a of_o honour_n which_o make_v he_o extreme_o desirous_a to_o gain_v the_o consulship_n to_o obtain_v this_o he_o private_o blame_v metellus_n to_o the_o merchant_n of_o utica_n avow_v that_o he_o be_v able_a with_o half_a the_o army_n to_o take_v jugurth_n prisoner_n and_o that_o within_o few_o day_n by_o these_o and_o the_o like_a detract_n discourse_n he_o procure_v many_o complaint_n to_o be_v write_v to_o rome_n against_o metellus_n and_o get_v leave_n to_o go_v thither_o obtain_v the_o consulship_n and_o have_v likewise_o the_o management_n of_o the_o war_n commit_v to_o he_o notwithstanding_o the_o people_n be_v so_o grateful_a to_o metellus_n that_o at_o his_o return_n be_v satisfy_v as_o to_o his_o behaviour_n they_o both_o grant_v he_o a_o triumph_n and_o bestow_v upon_o he_o the_o surname_n of_o numidicus_n as_o a_o additional_a honour_n marius_n show_v himself_o a_o very_a expert_a warrior_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v the_o city_n capsa_n a_o place_n very_o rich_a and_o strong_a and_o after_o this_o another_o call_v mulucha_n `fugurth_o now_o find_v himself_o too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v he_o any_o long_o procure_v bocchus_n king_n of_o mauritania_n and_o his_o father-in-law_n to_o join_v with_o he_o who_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o numerous_a cavalry_n much_o harass_v the_o roman_a army_n marius_n have_v invest_v cirta_n and_o bocchus_n approach_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n partly_o by_o the_o number_n of_o his_o horse_n report_v to_o be_v 60000_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o violent_a heat_n and_o great_a dust_n the_o roman_n be_v sore_o distress_a and_o the_o fight_n continue_v dangerous_a and_o terrible_a to_o they_o for_o three_o day_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o a_o tempest_n of_o rain_n fall_v spoil_v the_o enemy_n weapon_n and_o relieuâ—d_v marius_n man_n almost_o famish_a with_o thirst_n and_o now_o the_o course_n of_o fortune_n change_v the_o two_o king_n be_v entire_o defeat_v in_o another_o battle_n marius_n it_o be_v say_v kill_v 90000_o after_o which_o bocchus_n begin_v to_o repent_v of_o his_o enterprise_n and_o send_v to_o rome_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n which_o he_o can_v not_o procure_v nevertheless_o he_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o his_o crime_n not_o long_o after_o marius_n take_v jugurth_n in_o a_o ambuscade_n whither_o he_o have_v draw_v he_o by_o specious_a pretence_n and_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o sylla_n his_o quaestor_n who_o have_v bring_v over_o some_o force_n from_o italy_n and_o under_o marius_n he_o learn_v that_o skill_n in_o war_n which_o he_o afterward_o employ_v against_o he_o jugurth_n with_o his_o two_o son_n be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n by_o marius_n and_o short_o after_o by_o order_n of_o senate_n he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o so_o the_o jugurthine_n war_n end_v after_o it_o have_v continue_v about_o seven_o year_n iii_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o cimbri_n a_o vagabond_n people_n of_o cimbrica_n chersonesus_n now_o call_v denmark_n who_o join_v with_o the_o teutones_n a_o nation_n of_o the_o german_n make_v dreadful_a eruption_n into_o several_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a dominion_n particular_o gaul_n and_o spain_n where_o they_o have_v overthrow_v several_a consul_n in_o the_o last_o battle_n kill_v 80000_o roman_n after_o which_o they_o resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o alps_o into_o italy_n rome_n begin_v now_o to_o be_v in_o a_o great_a consternation_n and_o marius_n have_v just_a vanquish_a jugurtha_n 650._o they_o make_v he_o consul_n a_o â—d_a time_n as_o the_o only_a man_n think_v able_a to_o manage_n so_o threaten_v a_o war_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o state_n while_o they_o continue_v in_o spain_n marius_n march_v against_o their_o friend_n the_o tolosan_n in_o gaul_n where_o king_n copilus_fw-la be_v take_v by_o sylla_n his_o lieutenant_n be_v make_v consul_n again_o the_o follow_a year_n he_o decline_v fight_v till_o the_o enemy_n force_n be_v weaken_v by_o delay_n the_o next_o year_n in_o his_o four_o consulship_n the_o enemy_n in_o three_o several_a party_n be_v just_a upon_o pass_v the_o alps_o into_o italy_n and_o as_o he_o attend_v their_o motion_n it_o happen_v that_o his_o army_n be_v extreme_o afflict_v with_o thirst_n the_o teutones_n and_o ambrones_n lie_v between_o they_o and_o the_o water_n which_o necessity_n bring_v he_o to_o a_o engagement_n with_o they_o and_o in_o two_o day_n time_n he_o by_o his_o excellent_a conduct_n utter_o destroy_v they_o take_v theutobocchus_n their_o king_n prisoner_n the_o cimbri_n escape_v he_o and_o flee_v over_o into_o italy_n notwithstanding_o the_o winter-season_n and_o the_o alps_o cover_v with_o snow_n be_v in_o vain_a oppose_v by_o catulus_n both_o at_o the_o alps_o and_o at_o the_o river_n athesis_n nigh_o verona_n the_o year_n follow_v marius_n be_v again_o make_v consul_n and_o join_v with_o catulus_n be_v challenge_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o give_v battle_n whereupon_o he_o fall_v upon_o their_o numerous_a army_n and_o give_v they_o a_o most_o dreadful_a overthrow_n their_o wife_n all_o the_o while_n make_v a_o wonderful_a resistance_n from_o the_o chariot_n and_o when_o they_o see_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o desperate_a condition_n they_o in_o a_o great_a fury_n first_o kill_v all_o their_o child_n and_o after_o that_o themselves_o about_o 140000_o be_v slay_v in_o this_o battle_n and_o 60000_o take_v prisoner_n which_o end_v this_o war_n after_o it_o have_v continue_v 12_o year_n marius_n the_o five_o time_n and_o aquilius_n nepos_n be_v consul_n the_o former_a be_v then_o esteem_v the_o preserver_n of_o his_o country_n and_o content_v himself_o with_o one_o triumph_n when_o he_o may_v have_v have_v more_o and_o his_o colleague_n have_v now_o also_o finish_v the_o second_o servile_a war_n in_o sicily_n which_o have_v last_v almost_o four_o year_n notwithstanding_o these_o danger_n abroad_o the_o city_n be_v not_o without_o domestic_a trouble_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o saturninus_n one_o of_o marius_n friend_n who_o have_v be_v quaestor_n at_o ostia_n during_o a_o famine_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o his_o place_n by_o the_o senate_n to_o revenge_v which_o usage_n he_o procure_v the_o tribune-ship_n but_o after_o his_o year_n be_v expire_v metellus_n numidicus_n former_o mention_v be_v censor_n endeavour_v to_o remove_v he_o from_o the_o senate_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o his_o colleague_n this_o so_o enrage_v he_o that_o he_o stand_v again_o for_o the_o tribunâ—-ship_n and_o nine_o of_o the_o ten_o tribune_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o marius_n he_o murder_v nonius_n his_o competitor_n and_o so_o obtain_v the_o place_n now_o be_v once_o again_o in_o power_n he_o prefer_v a_o law_n for_o the_o division_n of_o such_o land_n as_o marius_n have_v recover_v in_o gaul_n and_o compel_v the_o senate_n to_o swear_v to_o it_o which_o oath_n numidicus_n refuse_v he_o set_v he_o a_o day_n to_o answer_v it_o before_o the_o people_n but_o for_o fear_n of_o he_o and_o marius_n together_o numidicus_n flee_v to_o smyrna_n in_o asia_n saturninus_z procure_v the_o tribuneship_n a_o three_o time_n and_o find_v memmius_n candidate_n for_o the_o consulship_n he_o also_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v murder_v to_o make_v way_n for_o glaucius_n the_o praetor_n one_o of_o his_o own_o party_n these_o base_a and_o ungenerous_a practice_n raise_v several_a trouble_n and_o commotion_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o senate_n resoluâ—d_v to_o make_v he_o answer_v it_o whereupon_o marius_n now_o a_o six_o time_n consul_n perceive_v he_o in_o a_o decline_a condition_n very_o politic_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o his_o friendship_n the_o consul_n be_v now_o as_o in_o some_o other_o dangerous_a time_n invest_v with_o a_o unusual_a and_o dictatorian_a sort_n of_o power_n the_o manner_n of_o confer_v of_o which_o be_v by_o a_o
all_o possible_a way_n and_o method_n to_o procure_v force_n and_o thus_o be_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o summer_n spend_v in_o which_o time_n the_o capitol_n be_v burn_v down_o none_o know_v by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v do_v this_o happen_v about_o 430_o year_n after_o it_o be_v first_o build_v the_o follow_a year_n carbo_n a_o three_o time_n and_o young_a marius_n the_o son_n of_o the_o former_a be_v make_v consul_n the_o latter_a at_o 27_o year_n of_o age._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o campaign_n carbo_n lieutenant_n carinus_n be_v overthrow_v by_o metellus_n and_o marius_n himself_o by_o sylla_n marius_n be_v drive_v into_o praeneste_n where_o be_v close_o besiege_v and_o almost_o despair_v of_o relief_n he_o in_o a_o great_a rage_n write_v to_o brutus_n than_o praetor_n at_o rome_n to_o use_v some_o pretence_n to_o call_v the_o senate_n and_o then_o to_o kill_v the_o principal_a of_o they_o who_o be_v his_o enemy_n which_o order_n be_v execute_v with_o great_a cruelty_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o side_n be_v conqueror_n rome_n be_v still_o a_o miserable_a sufferer_n metellus_n have_v by_o this_o time_n overthrow_v carbo_n once_o more_o and_o pompey_n defeat_v marcius_n another_o of_o that_o party_n sylla_n march_v direct_o to_o rome_n which_o place_v he_o easy_o enter_v great_a number_n of_o the_o opposite_a faction_n be_v flee_v into_o the_o country_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o rome_n be_v extreme_o terrifyâ—d_v at_o sylla_n entrance_n but_o he_o only_o put_v the_o good_n of_o the_o person_n that_o flee_v to_o sale_n wish_v the_o people_n not_o to_o be_v deject_v for_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o act_v as_o he_o do_v then_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a garrison_n in_o the_o city_n he_o depart_v to_o clusium_n where_o he_o and_o his_o officer_n several_a time_n overthrow_v carbo_n army_n carbo_n be_v now_o upon_o the_o defensive_a send_v eight_o legion_n to_o praeneste_n to_o relieve_v his_o colleague_n marius_n but_o they_o be_v meet_v by_o pompey_n in_o a_o narrow_a passage_n where_o he_o â—lew_v many_o of_o they_o and_o disperse_v the_o rest._n soon_o after_o carbo_n be_v join_v with_o norbanus_n engage_v with_o metellus_n and_o have_v 10000_o of_o his_o man_n slay_v and_o 6000_o yield_v whereupon_o great_a number_n go_v over_o to_o sylla_n party_n which_o present_o become_v master_n of_o all_o gaul_n on_o that_o side_n the_o alps_n norbanus_n flee_v to_o rhodes_n where_o fear_v to_o be_v deliver_v up_o he_o kill_v himself_o and_o carbo_n flee_v to_o africa_n though_o he_o have_v 30000_o man_n at_o clusium_n beside_o other_o force_n all_o which_o soon_o after_o be_v break_v and_o disperse_v by_o pompey_n but_o carinus_n and_o marcius_n with_o other_o commander_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o samnite_n troop_n endeavour_v to_o force_v the_o trench_n at_o praeneste_n and_o relieve_v marius_n but_o find_v it_o impracticable_a they_o advance_v to_o rome_n where_o meet_v with_o sylla_n a_o most_o bloody_a battle_n be_v seek_v at_o the_o very_a gate_n in_o which_o many_o thousand_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n but_o sylla_n at_o last_o obtain_v the_o victory_n and_o carinus_n and_o marcius_n be_v take_v and_o their_o head_n send_v to_o praeneste_n to_o be_v show_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n at_o which_o sorrowful_a sight_n they_o surrender_v to_o lucullus_n and_o marius_n kill_v himself_o who_o head_n be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o pleading-place_n at_o rome_n all_o his_o faction_n in_o praeneste_n with_o the_o native_n and_o samnite_n be_v put_v to_o death_n without_o mercy_n only_o the_o roman_n escape_v with_o their_o life_n and_o this_o rich_a city_n be_v plunder_v norba_n a_o little_a after_o be_v take_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n set_v the_o town_n on_o fire_n all_o destroy_v themselves_o some_o one_o way_n and_o some_o another_o so_o now_o all_o italy_n come_v under_o the_o power_n of_o sylla_n sylla_n have_v be_v thus_o successful_a against_o his_o enemy_n at_o home_n send_v pompey_n into_o africa_n against_o carbo_n and_o give_v he_o charge_n to_o pass_v from_o thence_o into_o sicily_n against_o other_o of_o that_o party_n pompey_n in_o a_o short_a time_n drive_v carbo_n into_o sicily_n and_o thence_o into_o corcyra_n where_o he_o take_v he_o and_o cause_v his_o head_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o send_v to_o sylla_n but_o rome_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n now_o severe_o feel_v the_o dreadful_a effect_n of_o civil_a contest_v for_o sylla_n call_v the_o people_n together_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o will_v put_v they_o into_o a_o better_a condition_n if_o they_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o command_n but_o as_o for_o his_o enemy_n be_v be_v resolve_v to_o prosecute_v they_o with_o all_o sort_n of_o misery_n and_o calamity_n which_o he_o do_v with_o more_o severity_n than_o any_o before_o he_o kill_v and_o butcher_v many_o thousand_o after_o a_o most_o barbarous_a and_o inhuman_a manner_n eight_o thousand_o be_v put_v to_o death_n together_o in_o the_o villa_n publica_n a_o large_a house_n in_o the_o campus_n martius_n man_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o embrace_n of_o their_o wife_n child_n in_o the_o arm_n of_o their_o mother_n and_o liberty_n be_v give_v to_o the_o soldier_n to_o kill_v all_o they_o meet_v without_o distinction_n till_o furfidius_fw-la a_o little_o stop_v the_o current_n of_o his_o rage_n by_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o leave_v some_o to_o reign_v over_o sylla_n then_o publish_v table_n of_o proscription_n for_o particular_o person_n these_o be_v the_o first_o ever_o know_v in_o rome_n wherein_o be_v proscribe_v 80_o senator_n and_o 1600_o equites_fw-la to_o which_o he_o afterward_o add_v more_o promise_v great_a reward_n to_o the_o discoverer_n and_o threaten_a death_n to_o the_o concealer_n of_o they_o of_o these_o out-lawâ—d_a person_n some_o be_v slay_v in_o their_o house_n other_o in_o the_o street_n and_o other_o prostrate_v at_o his_o foot_n beg_v their_o life_n and_o those_o that_o flee_v their_o good_n be_v seize_v on_o marius_n brother_n to_o sylla_n great_a enemy_n have_v his_o eye_n first_o pull_v out_o than_o his_o hand_n and_o leg_n cut_v off_o at_o several_a time_n that_o he_o may_v die_v with_o the_o great_a torment_n â—_o julius_n caesar_n a_o young_a man_n of_o wonderful_a promise_a ability_n who_o have_v marry_v cinna_n daughter_n very_o hardly_o escape_v the_o common_a misery_n of_o these_o time_n of_o who_o sylla_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v after_o a_o prophetic_a manner_n that_o in_o caesar_n be_v many_o marius_n '_o s._n rome_n be_v not_o the_o only_a sufferer_n in_o these_o dreadful_a calamity_n for_o this_o proscription_n be_v carryâ—d_v throughout_o all_o the_o city_n of_o italy_n where_o the_o merciless_a effusion_n of_o blood_n be_v such_o that_o neither_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n nor_o all_o the_o sanctuary_n can_v afford_v protection_n to_o any_o man._n both_o the_o consul_n be_v now_o destroy_v sylla_n withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o city_n and_o order_v the_o senate_n to_o create_v a_o inter-rex_a which_o they_o most_o willing_o do_v name_v valerius_n flaccus_n he_o write_v to_o he_o to_o ask_v the_o people_n that_o since_o affair_n be_v yet_o much_o unsettled_a a_o dictator_n may_v be_v create_v and_o that_o not_o for_o any_o limit_a time_n but_o till_o all_o public_a evil_n and_o grievance_n shall_v be_v redress_v not_o forget_v to_o mention_v himself_o this_o the_o people_n be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v to_o he_o have_v then_o all_o the_o power_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o so_o this_o office_n which_o have_v be_v intermit_v for_o 120_o year_n be_v confer_v on_o he_o without_o any_o limitation_n of_o time_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o first_o civil_a war_n in_o italy_n though_o not_o in_o all_o other_o place_n about_o 6_o year_n after_o it_o begin_v and_o four_o after_o the_o first_o marius_n death_n in_o the_o 672d_o year_n of_o the_o city_n in_o the_o 3d._a year_n of_o the_o 174th_o olympiad_n 427_o year_n since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 248_o since_o the_o set_n up_o of_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n and_o 80_o before_o our_o saviours_n nativity_n chap._n fourteen_o from_o the_o perpetual_a dictatorship_n of_o sylla_n to_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n namely_o that_o of_o caesar_n pompey_n and_o craâ—sus_n which_o prove_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n and_o the_o first_o step_v to_o the_o set_n up_o the_o imperial_a contain_v the_o space_n of_o 22_o year_n the_o government_n of_o rome_n be_v now_o for_o some_o space_n change_v to_o a_o monarchy_n 672._o sylla_n power_n be_v unlimited_a as_o to_o time_n and_o thoâ—_n to_o keep_v up_o a_o show_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n he_o permit_v consul_n to_o be_v make_v yet_o he_o plain_o reign_v alone_o have_v 24_o lictor_n with_o their_o fasces_fw-la and_o axe_n and_o a_o great_a guard_n constant_o to_o attend_v his_o person_n as_o the_o
king_n in_o former_a time_n have_v and_o repeal_n old_a law_n and_o enact_v new_a at_o his_o pleasure_n he_o regulate_v the_o consulship_n order_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o it_o without_o first_o pass_v through_o other_o office_n he_o remove_v that_o plague_n to_o the_o senate_n the_o tribuneship_n by_o make_v those_o who_o bear_v it_o uncapable_a of_o any_o other_o trust._n he_o add_v 300_o of_o the_o equites_fw-la to_o the_o senate_n and_o likewise_o 10000_o of_o the_o slave_n of_o the_o proscribe_v to_o the_o people_n make_v they_o free_a and_o call_v they_o cornelii_n according_a to_o his_o own_o name_n and_o he_o assign_v great_a quantity_n of_o land_n to_o 23_o legion_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v and_o bind_v they_o to_o his_o interest_n this_o be_v the_o first_o year_n of_o sylla_n reign_n in_o which_o the_o war_n break_v out_o again_o with_o mithridates_n about_o three_o year_n after_o the_o first_o occasion_v by_o murena_n whoâ—_n sylla_n have_v leave_v behind_o he_o in_o asia_n this_o person_n be_v extraordinary_a ambitious_a of_o a_o triumph_n find_v a_o opportunity_n of_o make_v a_o breach_n with_o mithridates_n contrary_a to_o the_o senate_n design_n but_o as_o it_o prove_v he_o only_o procure_v himself_o a_o overthrow_n and_o mithridates_n a_o peace_n not_o long_o after_o which_o finish_v the_o second_o war_n with_o that_o prince_n have_v last_v above_o two_o year_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o sylla_n office_n he_o again_o make_v consul_n but_o join_v himself_o with_o caecilius_n metellus_n he_o be_v one_o which_o course_n the_o emperor_n afterward_o imitate_v the_o year_n after_o when_o the_o people_n design_v he_o consul_n again_o he_o decline_v it_o and_o choose_v two_o other_o and_o then_o to_o the_o great_a surprise_n and_o wonder_n of_o all_o man_n he_o lay_v down_o his_o dictatorship_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o office_n and_o what_o be_v more_o surprise_v though_o he_o have_v do_v so_o many_o cruel_a and_o wicked_a act_n he_o like_v a_o man_n perfect_o just_a and_o innocent_a free_o offer_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o all_o his_o management_n and_o proceed_n yet_o we_o find_v none_o accuse_v he_o but_o one_o young_a man_n who_o scurrilous_a language_n to_o he_o make_v he_o say_v that_o such_o course_n usage_n for_o the_o future_a wouâ—d_n keep_v any_o man_n from_o lay_v down_o a_o office_n of_o such_o supreme_a authority_n which_o julius_n caesar_n afterward_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v aware_a of_o not_o long_o after_o he_o retire_v himself_o into_o the_o country_n where_o follow_v nothing_o but_o his_o pleasure_n he_o die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n at_o puteoli_n his_o body_n be_v putrefy_a and_o all_o turn_v into_o louse_n this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o cornelius_n sylla_n and_o as_o his_o life_n be_v very_o pernicious_a to_o his_o country_n so_o be_v his_o death_n extreme_o troublesome_a to_o it_o the_o two_o consul_n and_o their_o faction_n fall_v about_o the_o honour_n design_v for_o he_o at_o his_o funeral_n catullus_n prevail_v against_o his_o colleague_n lepidus_n his_o body_n be_v carry_v in_o great_a pomp_n and_o state_n through_o the_o city_n and_o be_v the_o first_o in_o rome_n that_o be_v burn_v to_o prevent_v be_v treat_v as_o marius_n before_o have_v be_v who_o bone_n sylla_n himself_o have_v order_v to_o be_v dig_v up_o and_o throw_v away_o after_o this_o the_o consul_n fall_v into_o great_a dissension_n about_o the_o land_n give_v away_o by_o sylla_n which_o lepidus_n be_v for_o return_v to_o the_o former_a possessor_n the_o senate_n be_v very_o fearful_a of_o another_o war_n make_v they_o both_o swear_v not_o to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n by_o the_o sword_n but_o lepidus_n resolve_v not_o to_o return_v out_o of_o his_o province_n till_o the_o new_a election_n of_o consul_n be_v over_o and_o then_o to_o begin_v a_o war_n think_v himself_o discharge_v from_o his_o oath_n when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o his_o office_n hereupon_o the_o senate_n send_v for_o he_o and_o at_o his_o return_n he_o offer_v to_o bring_v his_o troop_n into_o the_o city_n but_o be_v oppose_v by_o catullus_n and_o pompey_n a_o battle_n inâ—uâ—d_v wherein_o he_o be_v overthrow_v and_o flee_v to_o sardinia_n he_o die_v the_o same_o year_n with_o sylla_n this_o be_v not_o the_o end_n of_o all_o these_o trouble_n for_o a_o more_o dangerous_a war_n be_v still_o depend_v in_o spain_n against_o q._n sertorius_n a_o admirable_a expert_a commander_n of_o ciâ—â—â—a's_n faction_n who_o have_v drive_v out_o all_o sylla_n party_n from_o spain_n and_o have_v choose_v 300_o of_o his_o friend_n who_o he_o call_v a_o senate_n in_o opposition_n to_o that_o at_o rome_n sertorius_n have_v join_v with_o the_o celâ—iberians_n have_v before_o be_v successful_a against_o metellus_n and_o now_o be_v reinforce_v with_o part_n of_o lepidus_n army_n bring_v over_o by_o perpenna_n he_o design_v no_o less_o than_o the_o invasion_n of_o italy_n the_o senate_n apprehensive_a of_o this_o threaten_a danger_n send_v pompey_n against_o he_o who_o for_o his_o great_a exploit_n in_o africa_n and_o sicily_n have_v already_o triumph_v though_o scarce_o 26_o year_n of_o age_n and_o neither_o consul_n nor_o praetor_n pompey_n in_o imitation_n of_o hannibal_n pass_v the_o alps_n though_o a_o contrary_a way_n but_o with_o no_o success_n against_o sertorius_n either_o then_o or_o in_o the_o next_o spring_n and_o though_o perpenna_n and_o herculeus_n be_v several_a time_n worsted_n by_o metellus_n yet_o sertorius_n by_o his_o extraordinary_a management_n reduce_v pompey_n to_o great_a extremity_n insomuch_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o send_v to_o rome_n for_o supply_n which_o after_o he_o have_v receive_v he_o attack_v several_a place_n subject_a to_o sertorius_n yet_o perform_v no_o thing_n of_o consequence_n this_o year_n the_o follow_a year_n pompey_n and_o metellus_n be_v much_o strengthen_v make_v incursion_n into_o several_a part_n and_o with_o more_o success_n than_o former_o yet_o no_o considerable_a battle_n be_v fight_v and_o indeed_o there_o need_v none_o since_o sertorius_n fall_v away_o insensible_o by_o disoblige_v his_o chief_a soldier_n in_o prefer_v the_o celtiberian_n for_o his_o guard_n but_o more_o especial_o by_o his_o degenerate_v into_o a_o lazy_a and_o debauch_a as_o well_o as_o cruel_a temper_n put_v many_o to_o death_n with_o little_a reason_n or_o justice_n and_o now_o perpenna_n fear_v it_o may_v fall_v to_o his_o lot_n to_o be_v destroy_v among_o the_o rest_n resolve_v to_o prevent_v it_o and_o thereupon_o invite_v he_o to_o a_o sumptuous_a feast_n first_o make_v he_o and_o his_o companion_n very_o drink_v and_o then_o murder_v he_o which_o be_v a_o very_a inglorious_a end_n for_o so_o great_a a_o soldier_n who_o have_v stout_o and_o brave_o resist_v all_o that_o have_v be_v send_v against_o he_o and_o have_v be_v admire_v by_o the_o spaniard_n as_o another_o hannibal_n perpenna_n with_o much_o difficulty_n obtain_v his_o command_n from_o his_o army_n but_o not_o long_o after_o be_v overthrow_v in_o battle_n and_o take_v prisoner_n by_o pompey_n he_o offer_v to_o disclose_v to_o pompey_n in_o private_a some_o matter_n of_o the_o high_a consequence_n if_o he_o will_v spare_v his_o life_n but_o pompey_n with_o great_a policy_n and_o discretion_n command_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v immediate_o and_o his_o paper_n all_o to_o be_v burn_v lest_o his_o accusation_n shall_v bring_v the_o state_n into_o further_a trouble_n of_o which_o it_o have_v feel_v too_o severe_o already_o thus_o end_v all_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o the_o 68th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n 1â—_n year_n after_o they_o first_o begin_v and_o 9_o after_o it_o end_v in_o italy_n in_o the_o consulship_n of_o terentius_n varro_n and_o cassius_n varus_n the_o former_a be_v a_o person_n of_o wonderful_a knowledge_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a man_n that_o ever_o rome_n produce_v in_o who_o time_n learning_n be_v in_o many_o respect_n at_o the_o high_a pitch_n in_o the_o state_n ii_o but_o the_o year_n before_o 680._o a_o three_o war_n break_v out_o with_o mithridates_n who_o now_o have_v join_v himself_o with_o tigranes_n king_n of_o armenia_n and_o gather_v together_o a_o army_n of_o divers_a country_n consist_v of_o 140000_o foot_n 16000_o horse_n by_o which_o he_o in_o a_o short_a time_n possess_v himself_o of_o all_o bythinia_n which_o nicomedes_n the_o late_a king_n have_v give_v by_o his_o will_n to_o the_o roman_n lucinius_fw-la lucullus_n and_o aurelius_n cotta_n be_v consul_n the_o former_a a_o brave_a general_n be_v send_v against_o mithridates_n he_o find_v the_o king_n before_o câ—zicus_n a_o city_n of_o propontis_n where_o he_o place_v his_o man_n with_o so_o much_o skill_n as_o to_o besiege_v the_o besieger_n and_o reduce_v mithridates_n to_o such_o extremity_n that_o through_o famine_n he_o be_v force_v first_o to_o send_v away_o his_o cavalry_n and_o
triumvirate_n which_o prove_v the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o consuler_n and_o popular_a state_n be_v a_o combination_n of_o three_o of_o the_o great_a man_n in_o rome_n either_o for_o valour_n authority_n or_o riches_n pompey_n be_v then_o about_o 47_o year_n of_o age_n and_o caesar_n 40._o thus_o rome_n lose_v her_o liberty_n after_o she_o have_v flourish_v many_o year_n in_o a_o wonderful_a grandeur_n occasion_v whole_o by_o the_o numerous_a abuse_n and_o notorious_a corruption_n in_o her_o government_n and_o inhabitant_n which_o short_o after_o plunge_v she_o into_o great_a misery_n than_o ever_o she_o feel_v before_o this_o remarkable_a union_n happen_v in_o the_o 694th_o year_n of_o the_o city_n a._n m._n 394â—_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o 180th_o olympiad_n 449_o year_n since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o consular_a state_n 330_o since_o the_o burn_a of_o rome_n by_o the_o gaul_n 270_o since_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o macedonian_a empire_n by_o alexander_n the_o great_a 86_o since_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n and_o â—8_o before_o our_o saviour_n '_o be_v nativity_n the_o roman_a dominion_n contain_v now_o all_o italy_n all_o cisalpine-gaul_n and_o part_n of_o the_o other_o all_o spain_n and_o africa_n all_o greece_n and_o illyricum_n all_o the_o kingdom_n in_o asia_n minor_n with_o armenia_n mesopotamia_n media_n syria_n and_o judaea_n and_o many_o island_n beside_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n the_o roman_a history_n book_n iii_o the_o mix_v state_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n to_o the_o perfect_a settlement_n of_o the_o empire_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 33_o year_n chap._n i._n from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o triumvirate_n to_o the_o death_n of_o crassus_n one_o of_o the_o combination_n which_o break_v and_o divide_v that_o party_n contain_v the_o space_n of_o 7_o year_n i._o the_o state_n of_o rome_n be_v now_o arrive_v to_o a_o extraordinary_a height_n triumvirate_n whether_o we_o consider_v the_o extent_n and_o fruitfulness_n of_o its_o dominion_n the_o strength_n and_o power_n of_o its_o arm_n the_o fame_n and_o valour_n of_o its_o commander_n the_o abundance_n and_o largeness_n of_o its_o revenue_n the_o compass_n and_o magnificence_n of_o its_o city_n and_o the_o number_n and_o riches_n as_o well_o as_o learning_n and_o politeness_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n but_o still_o it_o want_v considerable_o of_o that_o glory_n and_o grandeur_n as_o to_o dominion_n and_o much_o more_o of_o that_o quiet_a and_o sereneness_n as_o to_o settlement_n it_o have_v not_o long_o after_o in_o augustus_n reign_n for_o now_o the_o state_n be_v full_a of_o faction_n and_o division_n bribery_n and_o corruption_n and_o likewise_o feud_n and_o jealousy_n since_o the_o join_n of_o three_o such_o potent_a man_n as_o caesar_z pompey_n and_o crassus_n which_o cause_v many_o to_o fear_v the_o downfall_n of_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o that_o their_o fear_n be_v not_o groundless_a sufficient_o appear_v by_o the_o event_n the_o first_o effect_n of_o this_o triumvirate_n be_v the_o promote_a of_o caesar_n to_o the_o consulship_n pompey_n and_o crassus_n employ_v all_o their_o interest_n therein_o he_o have_v two_o competitor_n lucerius_n and_o bibulus_n the_o former_a a_o covetous_a though_o rich_a man_n be_v take_v off_o by_o large_a promise_n and_o bribe_v to_o procure_v what_o voice_n he_o couâ—d_v for_o caesar._n the_o senator_n resolve_v to_o have_v bibulus_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n make_v great_a collection_n among_o themselves_o and_o give_v as_o much_o on_o their_o side_n even_o cato_n as_o rigid_a as_o he_o be_v be_v persuade_v that_o the_o law_n which_o forbid_v all_o manner_n of_o bribery_n on_o these_o occasion_n aught_o in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o be_v dispencâ—d_v withal_o when_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o much_o require_v it_o so_o by_o that_o mean_v bibulus_n be_v at_o last_o choose_v consul_n with_o caesar._n the_o first_o thing_n caesar_n do_v in_o this_o office_n â—95_n be_v his_o confirm_v all_o pompey_n act_n according_a to_o agreement_n and_o from_o that_o time_n he_o whole_o apply_v himself_o to_o gain_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o better_a to_o effect_v it_o he_o prefer_v a_o law_n for_o divide_v certain_a land_n in_o câ—mpania_n among_o such_o of_o the_o poor_a citizen_n as_o have_v three_o child_n or_o more_o this_o proposal_n much_o please_v the_o commons_o and_o caesar_n have_v take_v the_o most_o proper_a method_n to_o make_v it_o pass_v for_o the_o law_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o term_n so_o very_o just_a and_o reasonable_a that_o no_o man_n couâ—d_v â—â—nd_v fault_n with_o it_o he_o declare_v to_o the_o senator_n that_o he_o will_v do_v nothing_o without_o their_o authority_n nor_o propose_v any_o of_o his_o friend_n for_o commissioner_n or_o any_o man_n who_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o suspicion_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v all_o person_n of_o know_a reputation_n and_o ability_n this_o plausible_a and_o cautious_a way_n of_o proceed_v hardly_o leave_v any_o room_n for_o contradiction_n but_o still_o the_o senate_n that_o they_o may_v hinder_v the_o law_n and_o yet_o not_o seem_v to_o oppose_v it_o adjourn_v the_o affair_n from_o day_n to_o day_n till_o at_o last_o cato_n plain_o and_o public_o declare_v that_o these_o change_n in_o state_n be_v not_o to_o be_v permit_v after_o who_o all_o the_o senate_n likewise_o declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n whereupon_o caesar_n immediate_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o people_n much_o complain_v to_o they_o of_o the_o injustice_n and_o stubbornness_n of_o the_o senate_n take_v also_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n along_o with_o he_o who_o opinion_n he_o public_o ask_v concern_v this_o law_n they_o both_o approve_v of_o it_o and_o pompey_n further_o declare_v that_o if_o such_o as_o oppose_v it_o shall_v come_v with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n he_o will_v meet_v their_o sword_n and_o bring_v a_o buckler_n with_o he_o beside_o whereupon_o a_o day_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o publication_n of_o this_o law_n at_o the_o appoint_a day_n the_o people_n gather_v together_o in_o great_a number_n and_o in_o spite_n of_o all_o opposition_n drive_v cato_n and_o bibulus_n himself_o with_o stone_n and_o club_n from_o off_o the_o place_n the_o consul_n axe_n be_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o people_n approve_v the_o ordinance_n declare_v they_o will_v have_v all_o the_o senator_n swear_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o almost_o all_o take_v this_o oath_n except_o cato_n metellus_n and_o favonius_n and_o they_o too_o at_o last_o after_o much_o opposition_n take_v it_o to_o save_v their_o fine_n and_o likewise_o their_o life_n for_o caesar_n have_v cause_v the_o people_n to_o make_v it_o capital_a for_o any_o one_o to_o refuse_v it_o caesar_n make_v little_a use_n of_o the_o senate_n after_o that_o and_o from_o that_o time_n his_o colleague_n bibulus_n never_o dare_v appear_v in_o public_a but_o keep_v himself_o at_o home_n for_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o year_n this_o forceable_a way_n of_o proceed_v extreme_o alarm_v the_o senate_n every_o body_n laugh_v at_o their_o idleness_n and_o negligence_n and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o those_o act_n where_o the_o name_n of_o the_o consul_n use_v to_o be_v inscribe_v some_o unknown_a person_n instead_o of_o caesar_n and_o bibulus_n write_v caius_n caesar_n and_o julius_n caesar_n to_o show_v that_o caesar_n govern_v alone_o caesar_n have_v free_v himself_o from_o his_o colleague_n begin_v chief_o to_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o equites_fw-la or_o knight_n who_o much_o court_v he_o and_o have_v farm_a the_o custom_n desire_v a_o abatement_n of_o the_o rent_n the_o senate_n refuse_v to_o remit_v any_o thing_n but_o he_o short_o after_o procure_v the_o people_n to_o abate_v a_o three_o part._n by_o this_o and_o other_o way_n of_o gratify_v the_o common_a sort_n he_o persuade_v they_o to_o decree_v the_o province_n of_o gaul_n to_o he_o for_o five_o year_n with_o four_o legion_n for_o he_o desire_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o perform_v great_a exploit_n and_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o year_n he_o spend_v in_o endeavour_v to_o establish_v his_o interest_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v therefore_o know_v how_o considerable_a a_o person_n pompey_n be_v to_o bind_v he_o the_o more_o strong_o he_o give_v he_o his_o daughter_n julia_n in_o marriage_n a_o very_a virtuous_a and_o beautiful_a lady_n he_o likewise_o take_v care_n that_o his_o two_o friend_n gabinius_n and_o piso_n shall_v be_v prick_v for_o the_o follow_a year_n consul_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o have_v late_o give_v he_o his_o daughter_n calpurnia_n clodius_n he_o procure_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o tribune_n notwithstanding_o his_o former_a affront_n because_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o cicero_n who_o oration_n against_o caesar_n in_o plead_v
701â—â—ear_n of_o the_o city_n nigh_o seven_o year_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o triumvirate_n and_o 51_o before_o our_o saviour_n nativity_n a._n m._n 3952_o chap._n ii_o from_o the_o death_n of_o crassus_n to_o the_o death_n of_o pompey_n which_o make_v way_n for_o caesar_n absolute_a authority_n and_o be_v the_o second_o step_n to_o the_o imperial_a state_n contain_v above_o five_o year_n space_n i._o the_o same_o year_n that_o crassus_n be_v slay_v 701._o most_o violent_a disturbance_n and_o dissension_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o city_n faction_n daily_a increase_n nothing_o manage_v with_o the_o ancient_a equity_n and_o moderation_n and_o all_o office_n purchase_v with_o bribe_n and_o money_n or_o else_o gain_v by_o sword_n and_o club_n the_o consul_n find_v themselves_o debar_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o triumvirate_n from_o wage_n war_n and_o lead_v army_n as_o former_o make_v it_o their_o sole_a business_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o public_a revenue_n or_o from_o the_o bribe_n as_o well_o as_o the_o salary_n depend_v upon_o their_o office_n pompey_n connive_v at_o all_o this_o hope_v that_o the_o infirmity_n of_o the_o state_n will_v occasion_v he_o to_o be_v create_v dictator_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n he_o retire_v himself_o for_o a_o while_n that_o his_o friend_n may_v have_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n of_o insinuate_v the_o necessity_n of_o his_o presence_n as_o well_o as_o authority_n for_o the_o preserve_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o city_n at_o the_o time_n for_o the_o new_a election_n of_o magistrate_n there_o be_v such_o a_o violent_a contention_n among_o the_o candidate_n that_o for_o eight_o entire_a month_n none_o couâ—d_v be_v elect_v and_o what_o still_o heighten_v these_o mischief_n be_v the_o death_n of_o clodius_n kill_v by_o his_o great_a enemy_n milo_n who_o meet_v he_o by_o accident_n by_o his_o country_n house_n the_o body_n be_v immediate_o bring_v to_o rome_n and_o expose_v all_o bloody_a to_o the_o people_n which_o cause_v great_a disturbance_n among_o the_o multitude_n who_o immediate_o run_v furious_o to_o milo_n house_n to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n but_o he_o be_v well_o provide_v to_o receive_v they_o repulse_v and_o kill_v several_a of_o the_o assailant_n upon_o which_o they_o return_v to_o the_o body_n where_o they_o pull_v all_o the_o magistrate_n seat_n in_o piece_n make_v a_o funeral_n pile_n of_o they_o and_o set_v fire_n to_o it_o with_o so_o much_o rage_n that_o all_o the_o stately_a building_n where_o the_o senate_n use_v to_o assemble_v be_v burn_v with_o clodius_n body_n after_o this_o the_o mutineer_n disperse_v themselves_o all_o over_o the_o city_n where_o under_o pretence_n of_o search_v for_o milo_n friend_n they_o commit_v the_o most_o insupportable_a violence_n imaginable_a so_o that_o the_o whole_a city_n be_v fill_v with_o murder_n and_o quarrel_n till_o no_o body_n dare_v walk_v the_o street_n unarm_v these_o fatal_a mischief_n turn_v all_o man_n eye_n upon_o pompey_n as_o the_o fit_a person_n to_o redress_v all_o but_o while_o they_o be_v consult_v about_o create_v he_o dictator_n catâ—_n by_o many_o persuasion_n procure_v the_o senate_n to_o make_v he_o consul_n alone_o that_o so_o if_o occasion_n be_v he_o may_v be_v afterward_o accountable_a for_o any_o male_a administration_n this_o be_v soon_o after_o do_v have_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o dictator_n confer_v on_o he_o under_o a_o gentle_a name_n a_o thing_n never_o know_v in_o rome_n before_o but_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n and_o for_o some_o few_o day_n when_o commission_n be_v sometime_o give_v to_o the_o consul_n to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o commonwealth_n receive_v no_o damage_n new_a troop_n be_v allot_v to_o pompey_n 1000_o talent_n allow_v yearly_o for_o their_o pay_n and_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n be_v continue_v to_o he_o for_o four_o year_n long_o which_o he_o administer_v by_o his_o deputy_n milo_n be_v short_o after_o accuse_v by_o appius_n clodius_n brother_n and_o though_o cicero_n himself_o undertake_v to_o defend_v he_o yet_o it_o happen_v that_o by_o his_o fear_n of_o pompey_n soldier_n who_o surround_v he_o as_o he_o be_v plead_v he_o be_v put_v out_o in_o his_o speech_n and_o so_o mâ—lo_n for_o his_o insolence_n be_v banish_v and_o when_o cicâ—ro_n afterward_o send_v he_o his_o oration_n in_o write_v the_o excellency_n of_o it_o make_v he_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v happy_a for_o he_o that_o cicero_n be_v out_o in_o his_o harangue_n for_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v live_v so_o well_o at_o marseilles_n as_o now_o be_v do_v for_o that_o be_v the_o place_n of_o his_o exile_n pompey_n have_v hitherto_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o a_o dictator_n take_v scipio_n metellus_n for_o his_o colleague_n who_o daughter_n cornelia_n he_o have_v late_o marry_v a_o lady_n of_o no_o less_o accomplishment_n than_o beauty_n this_o considerable_o strengthen_v pompey_n interest_n who_o therefore_o now_o think_v it_o no_o way_n difficult_a to_o overthrow_v the_o fortune_n of_o caesar_n wait_v only_o till_o affair_n be_v somewhat_o more_o ripe_a for_o execution_n but_o caesar_n by_o his_o great_a policy_n and_o inudstry_n by_o his_o noble_a exploit_n abroad_o and_o his_o bountiful_a present_n at_o home_n still_o secure_v himself_o a_o sufficient_a party_n in_o the_o city_n he_o cause_v a_o new_a forum_n to_o be_v set_v up_o at_o rome_n the_o place_n whereof_o cost_v he_o 100000_o sesterce_n he_o give_v also_o to_o the_o people_n certain_a play_n and_o a_o public_a feast_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o honour_n do_v to_o his_o daughter_n julia_n be_v likewise_o a_o particular_a incourager_n of_o learning_n at_o this_o time_n among_o many_o other_o learned_a man_n flourish_v sallust_n a_o most_o excellent_a historian_n both_o for_o matter_n and_o stile_n caesar_n have_v now_o almost_o complete_v his_o conquest_n in_o gaul_n 702._o when_o the_o trouble_n in_o rome_n and_o his_o absence_n occasion_v many_o of_o the_o nation_n to_o endeavour_v once_o more_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o liberty_n pursue_v their_o design_n with_o great_a vigour_n than_o ever_o choose_v vercingetorix_n for_o their_o general_n caesar_n resolve_v to_o lose_v no_o time_n force_v his_o way_n over_o the_o mountain_n through_o vast_a deep_a snow_n and_o after_o some_o various_a success_n against_o the_o enemy_n numerous_a army_n he_o overthrow_v vercingetorix_n who_o upon_o that_o retire_v to_o alesia_n a_o city_n of_o the_o mandubii_fw-la shut_v himself_o up_o with_o no_o less_o than_o 80000_o man_n and_o make_v all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o a_o siege_n caesar_n not_o withstand_v the_o hazzard_n of_o such_o a_o attempt_n short_o after_o invest_v the_o place_n and_o here_o he_o show_v a_o admirable_a skill_n and_o indefatigable_a industry_n in_o his_o vast_a and_o prodigious_a work_n he_o raise_v against_o this_o place_n both_o to_o defend_v himself_o and_o distress_n the_o town_n well_o know_v the_o 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and_o receive_v whatever_o they_o prescribe_v she_o after_o this_o octavius_z resolve_v to_o visit_n cleopatra_n and_o by_o his_o civility_n give_v her_o fresh_a assurance_n of_o his_o favour_n he_o find_v she_o upon_o a_o plain_a bed_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o she_o perceive_v he_o she_o rise_v in_o her_o shift_n to_o throw_v herself_o at_o his_o foot_n with_o her_o hair_n in_o disorder_n her_o face_n tear_v her_o breast_n bruise_v her_o eye_n red_a with_o weep_v and_o her_o voice_n weak_a and_o tremble_a all_o which_o accident_n can_v not_o deface_v the_o brightness_n of_o her_o eye_n nor_o the_o charm_a air_n of_o her_o face_n octavius_z civil_o lift_v she_o up_o and_o sit_v down_o by_o she_o and_o immediate_o she_o enter_v upon_o the_o justify_v her_o conduct_n but_o when_o her_o art_n and_o skill_n fail_v she_o against_o manifest_a proof_n she_o turn_v her_o discourse_n into_o humble_a supplication_n and_o deliver_v he_o a_o inventory_n of_o all_o her_o treasure_n and_o jewel_n 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