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A01797 The knowledge of things vnkowne Apperteyning to astronomy, wyth necessary rules, and certayne speares contayned in the same. Compyled by Godfridus super palladium de agricultura Anglicatum.; This booke of astronomye Godfridus.; Palladius, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus. De re rustica. 1585 (1585) STC 11932; ESTC S121577 28,796 114

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there are twelue sygnes in the Zodyacke so are there twelue monthes in the yeare eache sygne to his month Wherfore beware before and make purueyaunce therefore and looke when Saturne reigneth in the iii. winter sygnes that is to say Capricorne Aquarie and Pisces and so long those vii yeares and halfe a yeare shal be scarsenes and dearth of corne fruite Beastes and all other thinges for in the .iii. yeares signes he hath might and most power to fulfyll his malice if he be not letted by neighbourhood of any good planet ¶ What the Thunder signifyeth in euery yeare THunder in Ianuary sygnyfyeth the same yeare great wyndes plentye of corne and battaile peraduenture also Thunder in February sygnifyeth that same yeare many men namely rich men shall dye in great sicknesse Thunder in March signifyeth that same yeare great windes plentye of cornes and debate amongest people Thunder in Aprill signifyeth that same yeare to be fruitfull and merry and also death of wicked men Thunder in Maye sygnifyeth that yeare neede scarcenesse and dearth of cornes and greate hunger Thunder in Iune signifieth that same yeare that woodes shal be ouercasten with windes and great raging shall be of Lyons and Wolues and so lyke of other harmefull Beastes Thunder in Iuly signifyeth that same yeare shal be good corne and fruites of Beastes that is to say their strength shall perishe Thunder in August signifyeth the same yeare sorrowe wayling of many and of most hote thinges and also many shall bee sicke Thunder in September signifieth that same yere great wynd copye of corne that is to say plenteous and occasyon of folke that is to say much falling Thunder in October signifyeth the same yeare great winde and scantnesse of cornes of fruites and trees Thunder in Nouember signifyeth that same yeare to be fruitefull and merry and cheape corne Thunder in December signifyeth that same yeare cheape corne and of wheate peace and accord among the people ¶ This Chapter following declareth what are the euill dayes and forbodd en in the yeare And also which be the best bleeding dayes in the yeare WYt thou well that in euery month be two euill dayes one in waxing of the Moone and another in the wanynge The Kalenders sheweth them and their howers openly ynough in the whiche dayes if anye folke take sickenesse or beginne anye newe thinge it is great grace if euer it fare well or come to good ende Also there are fyftye Caniculer dayes that is to saye for the xv Kalend. of August to the Nonas of September in the whiche dayes it is forbidden by Astronomye to all maner of folkes that they let them no blood ne take no drinkes also good it is to abstaine then from women and they shold great leches know and keepe and teache to other men For whye all that time reygneth a starre that is called Caniculacanis in latten a hound in English nowe of this foresaid star Canicula the foresaide fyftye daies are called Caniculer dayes that is to say hore dayes and byting as a Bytch for the kinde of the star Canycula is boyling and brenning as fyre and biting as a bytch whelp that time the heate of the sunne and of the star is so dowlcet and violent that mens bodyes at midnight sweates as at midday and swelleth lightly bloweth and brenneth and if they then be hurt then be they more sicke then at anye other time and right neerer dead In those dayes all venemous Serpentes creepeth flyeth and gendreth so they ouerset hugely the ayre in seeding of their kind so that many men are dead thereby there agayne all the so ●●…er namely those dayes a fyre is good nighte and daye and holesome And seethe such meates and take heeds of great violent meates Also from the xviii Kalend of October to the xvii Kalend of Nouember looke thou take no colde for then the powers of man of earth of althings else setten And they maye not 〈◊〉 agayne till the evill Kalend. of a plil wherefore such thinges as thou takest within the powers thaffection the shalt with hold till they open truly it should lesse harme thee to take cold at Christmas than then ¶ To knowe how a man shall keepe himselfe in health IF thou wilte keepe thee long in helth then holde this rule that is to saye flye anger wrath and enuie gyue thee to mirth in measure trauaile sadlye so that thou sweate not to muche in the Sommer and namely the Caniculer dayes flye al manner of strong drinkes and hote spices brenning meates namely to haue them vsandly Faste not to long at morue Suppe not to late at nighte eate not hastelye nor eate but little at once and that that thou eatest chew it well euerye time that thou eatest rest a little rather after fleepe not thou vnder meale namely but of these iiii months That is to say Maye Iune Iuly and August And yet the lesse that thou stepest then the better it is to sleepe well in the waxing of the night and be earlye up in the morning tymelyer the better And euerye daye beware of wicked mystes that none enter in thee ●asting for thereof commeth great pe●tilences great heate And in greate ●old and in pestilences eate much garlycke euerye day .ix. Safforne chyues it will doe thee much good Eate ynnough in winter eate ynough in Ver but eate but little in Sommer looke thy meate be well seasoned in Haruest beware of fruites for they are not good if it be giuen thee for medicine of all manner of meates sodden is the best eate not to many hote spices nor eate but little at once for better it were to eate .vii. times on the day then once thy fyll fleshe is more nourishinge then fyshe eate not to muche sowre meates nor salte for they will make thy bones sore looke thy drinke be not to newe ne to olde sweete powdred meates be moste holesome Of al thinges take measure and no more for in measure restes Vertue And that Sayntes did holde them to ¶ To knowe what perrillous dayes come in the chaunge of euery Moone IN the chaunge of euerye Moone be ii dayes in the which what thing soeuer is begon late or neuer it shall come to good ende and the dayes be full perillous for many thinges In Ianuary when the Moone is iii. or iiii In February .v. or .vii. In March .vi. or .vii. In Aprill .v. or .viii. In May viii or ix In Iune .v. or .xv. In Iuly iii. or .xiii. In August .viii. or .xiii. In September .viii. or .xiii. In October .v. or .xii. In Nouember .v. or .ix. In December .iii. or .xiii. Astronomers sayeth that vi dayes in the yeare are perilous of death And therfore they forbid men to be let blood on them or take any drinkes That is to saye The thirde daye of the Moneth of Ianuary The fyrste daye of the Moneth of Iuly The seconde daye of the Moneth of October The last daye of the Moneth of Aprill
and then recouer thefte then done shall bee found A knaue childe then borne shall be vnouercome and eloquente prowde vnpeaceable not long lyfe A maid child than borne shal be chaste laborous senyaunte and better in her hynder age they shall both be marked aboue the knees not so hardye thou to lette blood this day The xix day IN the xix daye of the Moone is not full good ne full euill dreames shall come within xx dayes who that hath sicknesse shall soone ryse if bee take medicine thefte than done shall not be founde A knaue chylde then borne shal be true benynge fleight wyse euer waxe better and better in great worshippe and haue a marke in the brow A mayde chylde then borne shal be right sicke saue not payde of one man that day is good to bleede The .xx. day AND in the Twentye Daye of the Moone Isaack blessed hys Sonne what euer thou wilte do is good a dreame that thou seest shall appeare but say it to no man to make wedding is good to buy a manciple it is good to builde houses it is good to change foldes of sheeepe from place to place it is good and to tame beasts and to so we seedes A chylde that is borne shal be a fyghter and hee shall haue many aryuynges that is loste shal be founde to chaunge beene it is good A sycke man shall long wayle or soone aryse to let blood on euen it is good The .xxi. day ANd in the xxi daye of the Moone Saule was borne fyrst King of the Iewes a dreame is true and to ioye shal pertaine within iiii dayes A child that is borne shall fynde much euill he shal be a theefe and witty he shall be a traytor and traueilous Esau toke the residue blessing of his father it is good to heale swyne and other beastes it behoueth to abstaine from gamyng thinges to goe in the way it is good A sicke man shal be sick and aryse thefte shal be found let no blood neyther day nor night The xxii day IN the xxii daye of the Moone Ioseph was borne it is a daye of holynesse if thou doest any errand thou shalt fynd it greeuous dreames shal be certayne and shall come to ioy A child borne in all days shal be a purchasour merry faire religious and leperous A sicke man both late is confyrmed and healed Beene to chaunge from place to place it is good A sick man shall be sicke and be healed to let blood all day is good The xxiii day IN the xxiii day of the Moone Beniamin was borne Sonne of the right syde the laste sonne of the Patriarke Noe. What euer thou wilte do is good A dreame that thou seest shall turne to ioy and nothinge shall noye and other while it was wonte to fall within eyghte dayes To take a wyfe it is good to make weddinges to set foundamentes to open newe earth to tame Beastes it is good A chylde borne shall be outcast and many lettinges hee shall make and in synnes he shall dye A sicke man shall be sicke and arise it is good to let blood The xxiiii day IN the xxiiii daye of the Moone Golyas was borne a dreame that thou seest signifyeth thy heale and nothing shall noye a childe borne shall be compendious and shall doe wonderfull thinges A sicke man shall languishe and be healed to let blood before the thirde hower it is good The xxv day In the xxv daye of the Moone our Lorde sente sygnes into Egipte by Moyses and in eche day he passed the red sea he that maketh sacramente shall dye in a perrillous death beware dread to come the dreame signifyeth harde things and within x. dayes it was wonte to come Early then bowe thine heade into the Easte A chylde borne shal be an euill man many perrilles he shall suffer A sycke man shall sustaine iniurye and vnneath shall escape it is good to let blood The xxvi day IN the xxvi day of the Moone Moyses dryed the red Sea In the daye Ionathas the sonne of Saule was borne dead is Saule wyth his sons thou shalte begin nothing the dreame shal be certayne and shal be turned into ioye to men Pilgrimes it pertayneth to beware of spyes of thyne ennemies A chylde borne shall be full loueable but neyther ritche nor pore A sycke man shall trauayle and aryse it he haue the Dropsye he shall dye to let blood a little it is needefull The xxvii day IN the xxvii Daye of the Moone oure Lorde rayned Manna to the children of Israel what euer thou wilte do is good be busy for a dreame that thou seest was wont to come eyther to good or euill A chylde borne shal be of long lyfe and moste loued and menelyche straunge neither riche nor pore A sycke man shall rise to life he shall be holden in much langoure but he shall be healed foldes of sheepe frō place to place to change it is good to let blood on euen is good The xxviii day ANd in the xxviii day of the Moone the dayes be fighting Tabernacles bene fixed in Desarte what euer thou wilte doe is good a dreame that thou seest shall turne into ioy and shal come welfullich A child borne shal be muche loued he shal be holded in sicknesse a sicke man that fasteth in infyrmitye soone shall be saued to let blood in the euening it accordeth The xxix day ANd in the xxix day of the Moone the Iewes went into the lande of beheast Herode the King cutte of the childrens heades begin nothing the dreame shal be certaine and good gladnesse and ioy it signifyeth an errande begon it is good to fullfyll to take a wyfe it is good but nilte thou not to make dowers ne wryte Testamentes A childe borne shal be of long lyfe wyse and holy and meke to fish and hunt it is good a sicke man shall not greeuously be sicke but scape it is good to let blood The xxx day ANd in the xxx Day of the Moone Samuell the Prophete was borne whatsoeuer thou wilte doe is good a dreame that appeareth to thee certayne and within ii dayes thou shalte see and thou shalte fynde a red sygne in the East within ix dayes A chylde borne shal be of long lyfe and profytable and well measured in eche thing A syck man shal nigh come to deth in no maner let no blud These and many other pertaineth to men after as the course of the moone foloweth ¶ Here endeth the nature and disposition of the dayes of the Moone wyth the byrth of Chyldren And here followeth of Saturne and what Saturne is SAturne what is Saturne he is the fyrste Planet and the wickeddeste and he vnbeginneth the Zodyacke but once in thyrtye yeares than followeth it forth in the Zodyacke by xii sygnes that Saturne reigneth in eche sygnes ii yeares a halfe in .vi. sygnes he raigneth xv yeares And in all the xii sygnes he reigneth euen xxx yeares and right as
The first day of August The laste daye going oute of December ¶ These vi dayes wyth greate dillygence oughte to be kepte but namely the latter iii. for all the vaynes are then full For then whether man or beaste be knit in then wythin vii dayes or certaynly wythin xiiii dayes they shall dye And if they take anye drinkes wythin xv dayes they shall dye And if they eate any goose in these iii. dayes wythin xl dayes they shall dye And if any chylde be borne in these iii. ●atter dayes they shall dye a wirked death ¶ Astronomers and Astrologyers sayeth that in the beginning of Marche the vii night d● the xiiii daye lette thee blood of the right arme And in the beginning of Aprill the xi daye on the lefte arme And in the end of May iii. or v. day on whether arme thou wilte And thus of all that yeare thou shalte sykerly be warish from the Feuers and from the falling gowte and from the fyster gowte and from losse of thy sight Bial magest in sente loqui of Ptholomei Eche mans body is ruled by a certaine signe of the Zodyack Wherefore as sayeth Ptholomens in the place of bone If thou be sycke in any limbe doe no medicine vnto that lymbe when the Moone is in the sygne of that lymbe for it shall rather hynder then fourther And namely flee blood letting at that time of those lymbes Thus shalte thou knowe whiche sygnes reigneth in whiche lymbes The Bull reigneth in the neck and in the throate ouer all The Gemuse reigneth in the shoulders armes and haudes The Creues or Lobster reigneth in the breast stomacke and limbes arteries the mylte heart lyuer and gall and those iii. be the signes of Ver. The Lyon reigneth in the backe syde bones sinewes and gristles The Mayde reigneth in the wombe Myddryfe and Guttes And also she reygneth other whyle in the stomacke lyner gall and mylte and other nut●ise limbes beneath the middrife And the Crab in the hearte lunges and arteries and other smale lymbes about the middryfe and those three signes are in Sommer The Ballaunce reigneth in the nauill and in the reignes and the lower partes of the wombe The Scorpyon reigneth in the bladder in the arse and in other preuy harne●s and in the maryes The Sagittaries ●e●●neth in the thyes and buttockes and these three are signes of haruest The Caprycorne reygneth in the knees The Aquarie reygneth in the legges and ancles The Fyshe reygneth in the Feete and those three be the sygues of wynter ¶ Saturne Iupster Mars Soll Venus Me●●●…y and Lund ¶ Saturnus is cause of deth dearth and place ¶ Iupster is muse of long peace rest and vertuous liuing ¶ Mars is cause of ●yn●s debate and warre ¶ Soll is cause of lyfe health and waring ¶ Venus is cause of lusty loue and Lechery ¶ Mercury is caise of much speeche Marchan●●…●eightes ¶ Luna is cause of moystones greate waters and vyolent floudes Saturne hower is good and strong to doe all thinges that asketh strength onely and to noughte else saue to battayle for it is wonderous euill that man or woman that hath that starre Saturne to hys plannet he is melancolyous black and goeth swiftelye he hath a voyde heart wicked and bitter as wormewoode he will lightlye be wroth he is ian●…ous witty couetous and yrerons he eateth hastely and is false and most what louing to lye and hath shining eyen as a Ent he hath in the forehead a marke or a wounde of fyre he is poore and his cloathes are rent vnto a tyme and thus he hath open sygnes and all his couetous is by other mens possessions and not by bys owne Iupiter hower is good in all thinges namely to peace loue and accorde Who that hath thys starre to hys Planet ●…he is sang●●… ruddye and goeth a large pace neyther to swifte nor to softe his stature is seemely and shyninge hes hath a fayre vysage louelye semblaunce fayre lyppes fayre heares and a shining broade face fayre b●…vies hys cloathes are good and stronge he is sweete peaceable and softe Mars hower is euill and not full euill it is better by night then by daye For it is Masculyne on the night and Femynine on the daye It is good to doe anye thing but wyth greate strength by nighte it is good to enter battayle and also by daye but not so much good as by nighte Who that hath this starre to hys Planet hys making is of good defence and often tymes his face is red with blood hys face is small and sotell and laughinge and he hath eyen as a Catte And all the dayes of hys lyfe he wyll accuse many men of euill hee hath a wounde of a sworde in his face he is moste Colericke And thus he hath open signes ¶ Soll hower is worste of all other howres no man in this hower maye do his will saue Kynges and Lordes and that wyth greate strength Who that in this hower entreth battayle hee shall be deade there Who that hath this starre to his Planet He hath sharpe eyen greate speeche and wicked thoughtes in hys heart he is wicked and auarous neyther whyte nor blacke but betwixte both hee hath a marke in the face or a wounde and hath a wound in hys body of fyre and he is right wicked and grudging in hys deedes Venus hower is good in all thinges and it is better on nyghte than on daye euer till myddaye at midday it is not good for the sunne couereth it On Sunday the ix hower is Venus hower sue not then to anye Lord ne potestate for if thou doe thou shalte fynde him wrothe Who that hath this starre to his Planet namelye if he be borne by night in Venus hower he is whyte and hath a rounde face little foreheade rounde beard he hath a myddle nose and myddle heere 's of eyen he is laughing and lentigious and he hath a marke in the face hys making is fayre and playne and oft tymes his nether lip is greater then the ouer And who that is borne vnder Venus when she is not in full power he hath a sharpe nose and somewhat crooked fayre heere 's softe eyen of running water the is a singer he longeth much of games and loueth them well and his tales he sweete Mercurious hower from the begynninge to the middle is good in all thinges and from the middle to the ende it is harde and it is not much better on nighte then on day and eche tyme of the nighte and daye hee standeth before the Sunne or behynde therefore hee hath hys power muche more by nighte then by daye from morne to the fyfte hower of the day he hath his power and from thence to the nynth he hath no power Who that hath this starre to hys planet he hath a sharpe stature and a sharpe long face long eyen long nose great heere 's of hys eyen and thicke narowe forehead long bearde thynne heere long armes long fyngers long feete
agaynst the paynes of the flancks and for to make auoyde and issue diuers humoures which would gather in the sayde place and it auayleth greatly to women to restrayn their menstruosity when they haue to great abundance ¶ Thus endeth the Flubothomye BE it to vnderstande that there be in the yeare fower Quarters the which be named thus Vere Hyems Estas and Autumnus These ben the fower seasons in the yeare as Pryme tyme is the spring of the yeare as Februarye March and Aprill In these three months euery greene thing growing begynneth to budde and floorishe Then commeth sommer as Maye Iune and Iuly and these three monethes euery herbe grayne and tree is in his kinde in hys most strength and beauty and then the sunne is at the highest Then commeth Autumne as August September and Detober that al these fruites waxen rype and bene gathered and housed Then commeth nouember December and Ianuarie and these three monethes be in the winter that time the sunne is at the lowest and is at the tyme of little profite as we Astronomers saye that the age of man is lxxii yere and that we lyken but one whole yere for euermore we take syxe yeare for euery moneth as Ianuary or Februarye and so forth For as the yeare chaungeth by the xii monthes into xii diuers manners So doeth man chaunge hymselfe xii tymes in his lyfe by xii ages and euery vi times vi maketh xxxvi And than man is at the best and also at the highest and xii times vi maketh lxxii and that is the age of man Thus must you counte and recken for euery month vi yeare or else it may be vnderstand by the foure quarters and seasons of the yeare so man is deuided into foure parts as to youth strength wysedome and age He so to bee xviii yeare yong xviii yeare strong xviii yeare in wisedome and the fourth xviii yere to goe to the ful age of lxxii ¶ Here followeth to show howe a man chaungeth xii times euen as the xii months doeth HE must take the first vi yeare for Ianuary the which is of no vertue nor strēgth in that season nothing on the earth groweth So man after that hee is borne till he be vi yeare of age is wyth little or no witte strength or cunning and maye doe little or nothing that commeth to any profite Then commeth February and then the dayes longeth and the sunne is more hotter then the fyeldes begin to waxe greene So the other vi yere till he come to xii the childe beginneth to grow bigger and is apt to learne such thinges as is taught him Then commeth the month of March in which the labourour soweth the earth and planteth trees and edyfieth houses the chylde in these vi yeares waxeth big to learne Doctrine and science and to be fayre and pleasaunte and louing for then he is xviii yeares of age Then commeth Aprill that the earth and the trees is couered wyth greene Flowers And in euery party goodes encreaseth abundauntly Then commeth the younge man to gather the sweete flowers of hardinesse but then beware that the colde wyndes and stormes of vices beate not downe the flowers of good maners that shoulde bring man to honoure for then is he xxiiii yeare of age Then commeth Maye that is both fayre and pleasaunte for then Byrdes sing in woodes and Forestes nyght and daye the sunne shyneth hote as then man is most lusty mighty and of deliuer strength and seeketh playes sportes and manly pastimes for then is he full xxx yeares of age Then commeth Iune and then is the sunne at the highest in his meridional he may ascēd no higher in his stacion Hys gleamering golden Beames rypeth the Corne and then man is xxxvi yeare he maye ascende no more for then nature hath giuen them courage and strength at the full and rypeth the seedes of perfecte vnderstanding Then commeth Iuly that our fruites be set on sunning and our corne a hardening but then the sunne beginneth a little to descende downwarde So then man goeth from youth towarde age and beginneth for to acquainte him whyth sadnesse for then he is come to xlii yeare After that then commeth August then we gather in our corne and also the fruites of the earth And then man doeth hys dillygence to gather for to fynde hym selfe to mayntayne hys wyfe chyldren and hys housholde when age commeth on him and then after that vi yeare he is xiviii yeare of age Then commeth September that wynes be made and the fruites of the trees be gathered And then there wythall he doeth freshly begin to garnishe hys house and make prouision of needefull things for to lyue wyth in wynter whych draweth verye neare and then man is in his moste stedfaste and couetous estate prosperous in wisedome purposing to gather and keepe as much as shoulde bee sufficient for him in hys age when he maye gather no more and then is hee liiii yeare of age And then commeth October that all is into the aforesayde house gathered both corne and also other maner of fruites and also the laborers plowe and sow new seedes on the erth for the yeare to come And then he that nought soweth nought gathereth and then in these vi yeare a man shall take himselfe vnto God for to do penance good workes and then the benefites the yere after his death he may gather and haue spirituall profyte and then man is fully the tearme of lx yeares Then commeth Nouember that the dayes be very short and the sunne in manner giueth but little heate and the trees losen their leaues The fields that were greene looketh hoare and gray Then al manner of hearbes bene hyd in the ground and then appeareth no flowers and then wynter is come that the man hath vnderstanding of age and hath lost hys kindly hete and strength hys teeth begin to rotee and to fayle hym And then hath he little hope of long lyfe but desyreth to come to the lyfe euerlasting and these vi yeares maketh him lxvi yeare of age Then last commeth December full of colde wyth frosts and snows with great wyndes and stormy weathers that a man may not labor nor nought doe The sunne is then at the lowest that it maye descende Then the trees and the earth be hid in snowe then it is good to hold them nie the fyre and to spende the goodes that they gate in sommer For then man beginneth to waxe crooked and feeble coughing spitting and loathsome and then he loseth hys perfecte vnderstanding and his heyres desyre hys death And these vi yeare maketh him full lxxii yeares and if he lyue any longer it is by his good guiding and dieting in hys youth howbeit it is possible that a man may liue till he be a C. yeare of age but ther be but few that liueth so long tyll they come to a hundred yere of age ¶ Hereafter followeth the Rutter of the distaunces from one Porte or countrey