Selected quad for the lemma: death_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	die_v	france_n	king_n	4,073	5	3.8239	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A84170	The state of France, as it stood in the IXth yeer of this present monarch, Lewis XIIII. Written to a friend by J.E.	Evelyn, John, 1620-1706.	1652 (1652)	Wing E3514; Thomason E1328_2; ESTC R209097	48,352	165

charge and dispensation of the Revenues In short it is a place so immensly lucrative and prodigiously rich as being obnoxious to no Account that there is no man able to make a just estimate of their gaine Subordinate to him are four other Intendents Thres●tiers de l' Espargne and as many Treasurers de l' Espargne whereof one of each wait every moneth and these are those great Financiers who suck the very bloud of the people for which like the Jewish Publicani their Brethren they are sufficiently blasphemed by them upon all occasions The Tresoriers de l' Espargne which are as Chancellours of the Exchequer have an alternative office because the number of them is not alwayes certain places of that vast Revenue that they are frequently sold at no lesse then a million of livers for this the Espargne is resembled to the Ocean sea into which like so many rivers all the other Receipts generall and particular of the Kings Revenue do praecipitate themselves and pay their tribute From hence all other the Treasures as well ordinary as extraordinary of the Wars Generals of the Provinces Maritime Officers Payers of Publick rents Courts c. receive money and advance for their several and respective distributions There are likewise besides these the Treasurers of the Parties Casuelles who are four The Treasurers of the parties Casuelles These have charge to receive all monies proceeding from the sale of offices which is a gain here openly avowed But that which much countervails the inconvenience of their casualties unto which they are incident is that though a man deposit a vast summe and even exhaust himselfe for the purchace they are yet hereditary Casual Offices hereditary even to Widows and how so that even the Widow of the defunct may delegate it to a Deputy or Proxy the King only reserving a small annuall rent which they call La Paulet in default of which payment or that the person die without having resigned his office These Treasurers dispose of it to the Kings use and benefit The Controuler General des Finances Comptrollers General of the Customes his office it is to register all receipts and expences but for the present it remaines extinct These Treasurers are distributed into Generalities or Buraux Bureaux Generalties so called from a stuff of that name which covereth the table Bureaux and Generalties as our Exchequer the Generalties are twenty two great Cities and each of those have their generall and particular Receivers which last bring the monies of Tailles which certain elected officers impose or assesse upon the Parishes unto the respective Collectors who receive it How the taxes are collected and these at Paris render it into the Office aforesaid The ancient Kings of France had other wayes then these to subsist Kings of France had other wayes of subsisting till King Pepin till Pepin and some later Princes of the third Line so much augmented the Domaine of the Crown as by Appanages which through defect of Issue Male now revert unto it also by possession of Lands and Seigniories annexed to the Crown by Rents Fifts and other rights proceeding from Fiefs Impositions by Edicts By Impositions and dues which are payable by Edicts By a number of Lands who owe faith and do homage to the Prince Droict d' Aubaine death of strangers Bastardy Vacancy through death First-fruits and dues from Ecclesiasticks By the Droct d' Aubaine by which the goods of strangers dying in France most inhospitality escheat to the King putting in this respect no difference between them and Bastards unnaturalized By the goods vacant through death c. By Annates or First fruits Dues from certain Archbishopricks and Bishopricks to the number of 30 and more as likewise innumerable other wayes which here it were too long to reckon up Nor can the Domain be otherwise alienated then as already hath been said in case of Appanages The other upon some extraordinary and desperate necessity as in occasion of warre yet then also but upon condition of Redemption and that they be both first verified in Parliament But these it seems of late not sufficing the publick expenses of so great a Prince and his many Armies Those Tailles and subsidiary assistances before mentioned have been more frequently levied The ordinary entertainment of the Souldiery yea now since Charles the seventh made the Ordinary Entertainement of the Souldiery Notwithstanding the Gentry and Nobility for these tearms are coincident and convertible in France Churchmen Gentry and Clergy exempt of Taxes and their dependants are exempt from these contributions an immunity which they enjoy as a distinction which ours of the same quality in England never so much as tasted off so that amongst us if a person be not Rich let him be never so well borne Nobility no advantage in England the Peasant is as good a man every whit for any priviledg which the other enjoys above him through which defect as there remains little encouragement and reward for ancient vertue or future industry so must it needs in time both utterly confound and degenerate the race of the most illustrious Families which have yet hitherto remained The Aides which I therefore the rather mention The Aid●s what and when instituted because it was instituted upon occasion of King John's imprisonment in England is now become a perpetual and generall Tax upon all sorts of Commodities whatever All commodities taxable in France wheat onely exempted excepting wheat only which is the sole individual in all France free from any Impost But that which seasons all the rest and is indeed a principal ingredient to the Kings Vast revenue is the Gabels upon Salt Gabels upon Salt which yeelds this Monarch more then Twenty Millions of Livers for which respect there are divers officers appertaining therto some whereof have power to constrain men to buy a certain quantity of the King whether they wil or no Rigour of exacting a rigour some interpret extreamly approaching the very height of extortion some particular places yet of the Kingdome as towards the Frontiers and sea towns are exempted and have their salt quit of any impost at all These are in fine the most principall quarries from whence this Monarch diggs forth and fetches his treasure and revenue K. of Frances's Revenue 14 millions sterling which those who are yet thought to have made a favourable Audite do not blush to affirm ammounts unto more then an hundred and fourty Millions of Livers which is about fourteen Millions of our mony nay some that in Cardinall Richlieus time it was brought to an hundred and fifty which portentous and monstrous Treasure together with the mannagement and manner of exacting it might as some think serve a little to extenuate that which was yet thought a proportion too large for a most excellent prince whose whole Revenue could never yet be stretched to above one

Million sterling in all viis et modis Which is some thirteen short of that which the Kings of France at present enjoy Now ' ere we define the more distinct Ministers of State Supream counsels of France wee wil first speak severally of the supream Counsels which are two The chief is called the secret or more frequently le Conseil d'en hault that is Le Counsel d'en hault of this counsel are the Duke of Orleans Prince of Condé The Cardinall and 4 principall Secretaries of State after our old English stile the Cabinet Counsel because it is commonly held in the Kings Bedchamber for which respect you may reasonably imagine it to be composed but of few and those the prime and most illustrious persons of charge and title in the Kingdome so that according to the nature of affaires it is sometimes reduced unto two or three only but upon intelligences and transactions of State as those which concern matter of warr forrain Alliances c. Then there is a fuller number of other Ministers required to be present The other Conseil is termed le Conseil d'Estat privé where The counsel of State when the King himself sits not the Precedency is given to the first Prince of the Blood then present and in default of their absence to the Chancelour who together with the Treasurer or Superintendent hath principal authority in all those Courts I have or shall speak of and this Court besides the above named who are chief is composed of many Counsellours of State who are all persons of great merit and commonly such as have given signal testimonies of their abilities and addresse by their long services as Ambassadors and Orators to forraign Princes or officers in other jurisdictions and Counsels also to this Court appertaine foure Secretaries that serve quarterly eighteen Maistres de Requests who according to the nature of the affaire with the Intendents make the Reports having first resolved the businesse amongst themselves according to which the Arrest is sometimes given In this Counsell passe all matters belonging either to Warr or Peace and all other concernements of the Crown whatever for here they determine definitively which judgment so passed is termed an Arrest or Act of Councell howbeit in causes of high consequence they are often revoked both from this Tribunall yea and the Parliament it self also unto the Counseil d'-en-hault although a Counsell but of a later Initiation Branches from this are also the Counsell of the Finances or Customes called the Councel of direction The Counsell of direction where all the affaires of the Exchequer are disposed likewise the Chancelor holdeth another Counsell The Counsell of Parties called the Counseil des parties wherein the Processes of particular parties and Recusations have their proper hearing and to this also belong quarterly Secretaries apart Now the manner of proceeding in these Courts goes according to the disposition of the severall affairs The manner of proceeding in these Courts by the Reports made ready reformed and first signed which is by them then by the Chancellor if it be at the counsell of parties if at the Finances by the Duke of Orleans Mons r the Prince and Superintendents who deliver them to the Grefier or Clerk by whom they are to be allowed that is paragraphed in Parchment to which they subjoyne a commission which is sealed by the chancellor if they are to be immediately executed Other Arrests and Acts of Counsel are executed by an usher or Sergaent of the Counsel who wears a chaine of Gold about his neck with a Medail pendent wherein there is impressed the Kings picture Grand Conseil There is likewise another Councell called the Grand conseil in which also the Chancellor presides virtually though seldom present in person and this is Composed of four Presidents and a hundred and fifty Counsellers who serve by Semester and this court is chiefly and indeed only conversant in affaires Ecclesiastical such as concerne Bishopricks Priories Hospitals c. collation and presentation to Benefices in the jurisdiction either of King or Pope within this Realme and therefore here is the Kings Advocate and proctor Generall continually attending And now returning to our former division we may remember that the more ancient officers of the Crown were likewise three viz. The Connestable the Mareschal and the Chancellor I shall forbear a while to speak much of the two first till I come to treat particularly concerning matters of warr Officers of State Justice Chancelour of France we are now in affaires of State and Justice wherein this last in our division as chiefe and soveraign his office is to dispatch and modifie all the Graces and gifts of the King is keeper of the Great seale with which hee confirmes all the Ordinances Edicts declarations and pleasure of his Majesty for which respect he hath in Parliament his seat on the left hand of the King when he is there present But there are no dayes properly designed for sealing that wholly depending upon the will of the Chancellour Days and manner of Sealing The manner thereof is this The chancellour sits at the middle of a large Table upon which is placed a cabinet or coffer wherein there is locked all the publick seals of France the key of which he carries about his neck at the End of this Table are two Masters of Requests with whom he may advise in case the affaire require it and over against the Chancelor one of the four Referendaries of France who reads all the Letters Arrests and other expeditions which if approved are accommodated with Yellow wax fitting and ready for the seale and so put up into a box to be controuled by the Kings Secretaries who must first allow and Paragraph them and then they are sealed for Expedition of highest consequence as Treaties Edicts Abolitions c. in green wax but the seals of Dauphine are in red Moreover the character of the Chancelor is esteemed so sacred Inviolable that it remains altogether indeleble but by death onely Guard des sceaux yet notwithstanding upon decadency or disgrace with the King there is commonly one called Gard des Sceaux who executeth his charg hath also the same authority for the Seales may be taken away at his Majesties pleasure but not the Chancelorship which as it is never to dye but with his Person so may he not put on Mourning for the King himself his Father or Mother if any of them decease as being insensible of all other Relations and considerations besides the sole interest of the People his habite is a Robe of black Velvet doubled or lined with Crimson plush before him goe two Searjeants with chains of Gold who bear 2 rich maces of gold on their shoulders The Secretaries of State and commands of the King are four in number Secretaries of State whose functions for being different deserve to bee mentioned in the next place One of