who_o be_v repute_v accessary_a in_o this_o crime_n and_o how_o punish_v i._o parricide_n be_v a_o crime_n which_o be_v commit_v by_o kill_v our_o parent_n against_o which_o solon_n refuse_v to_o make_v any_o law_n lest_o he_o shall_v by_o forbid_v it_o teach_v the_o people_n it_o be_v possible_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n parricide_n be_v commit_v by_o kill_a ascendant_n or_o descendants_n in_o any_o degree_n or_o collateral_n to_o the_o four_o degree_n the_o kill_v likewise_o of_o wife_n husband_n or_o patron_n be_v parricide_n by_o that_o law_n l._n 1._o ff_n h._n t._n ii_o with_o we_o parricide_n be_v by_o the_o statute_n 220._o ja._n 6_o par._n 14._o punish_v only_o in_o he_o who_o kill_v his_o father_n mother_n good-sir_n or_o good-dame_n and_o these_o be_v by_o that_o act_n ordain_v to_o be_v disherish_v and_o their_o posterity_n in_o linea_fw-la recta_fw-la be_v incapable_a of_o succeed_v to_o the_o person_n kill_v but_o the_o succession_n be_v devolve_v upon_o the_o next_o collateral_a or_o near_a of_o blood_n the_o person_n guilty_a be_v convict_v by_o a_o assize_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o statute_n be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o other_o punishment_n but_o suppose_v that_o parricide_n be_v capital_o punishable_a according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n for_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v the_o punishment_n here_o relate_v shall_v be_v the_o only_a punishment_n by_o which_o parricide_n can_v be_v reach_v and_o woman_n for_o murder_v their_o child_n be_v frequent_o either_o hang_v or_o head_v as_o other_o murderer_n 2._o this_o act_n reach_v only_o such_o as_o be_v convict_v by_o a_o assize_n and_o therefore_o january_n 1664._o it_o be_v find_v that_o sir_n james_n oliphant_n be_v declare_v fugitive_n for_o kill_v his_o mother_n but_o not_o convict_v by_o a_o assize_n his_o estate_n can_v not_o be_v gift_v by_o the_o king_n and_o in_o effect_n though_o he_o have_v be_v find_v guilty_a by_o a_o assize_n he_o can_v not_o have_v be_v forefault_v for_o the_o near_a collateral_a will_v seclude_v the_o fisk._n it_o be_v likewise_o find_v in_o that_o case_n that_o the_o son_n can_v not_o be_v forefault_v as_o have_v murder_v his_o mother_n under_z trust_v for_o they_o find_v that_o not_o to_o be_v the_o murder_n which_o be_v declare_v treason_n by_o the_o 11._o par._n cap._n 51._o ja._n 6._o for_o the_o trust_n there_o mention_v be_v when_o such_o as_o come_v under_o the_o trust_n of_o other_o be_v person_n who_o will_v not_o have_v come_v within_o their_o reach_n without_o special_a assurance_n of_o indemnity_n and_o protection_n and_o it_o be_v relate_v as_o a_o receive_a tradition_n among_o we_o that_o this_o act_n be_v first_o make_v upon_o mackdonald_a his_o kill_v the_o laird_n of_o mack-clane_a who_o come_v to_o lodge_v with_o he_o upon_o such_o assurance_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o feid_n which_o be_v among_o they_o it_o be_v likewise_o improper_a to_o say_v that_o the_o mother_n be_v under_o the_o power_n and_o assurance_n of_o the_o son_n and_o if_o the_o power_n and_o assurance_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n can_v fall_v under_o that_o act_n par._n 11._o ja._n 6._o this_o act_n have_v be_v unnecessar_n and_o there_o can_v have_v be_v no_o place_n for_o the_o pain_n therein_o contain_v for_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o traitor_n belong_v to_o the_o fisk_n and_o not_o to_o the_o near_a collateral_a iii_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o act_n shall_v be_v extend_v to_o parent_n kill_v their_o child_n and_o albeit_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o in_o terminis_fw-la express_a descendant_n yet_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o may_v fall_v under_o its_o sanction_n even_o as_o the_o foresay_a text_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v extend_v to_o equal_a degree_n with_o these_o express_v ob_fw-la paritatem_fw-la rationis_fw-la and_o by_o that_o law_n the_o kill_n of_o ascendant_n or_o descendants_n be_v parricide_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o rubric_n of_o this_o act_n run_v general_o against_o parricide_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o parricide_n be_v commit_v by_o mother_n against_o their_o child_n and_o woman_n daily_o be_v convict_v thereof_o whether_o the_o foresay_a statute_n against_o parricide_n can_v be_v extend_v to_o degree_n of_o affinity_n as_o well_o as_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o to_o kill_v a_o father-in-law_n may_v be_v punish_v as_o parricide_n as_o well_o as_o the_o kill_a a_o father_n may_v be_v doubt_v but_o i_o conceive_v it_o extend_v not_o to_o degree_n of_o affinity_n because_o 1._o law_n against_o crime_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v 2._o the_o statute_n discharge_v father_n brother_n or_o son_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o relation_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o brothers-in-law_n &_o c._n though_o that_o extension_n will_v be_v more_o favourable_a 3._o some_o of_o these_o relation_n in_o this_o statute_n can_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n be_v extend_v to_o degree_n of_o affinity_n for_o we_o say_v not_o good-sir_n or_o good-dame_n in_o law_n and_o albeit_o §_o 6._o just_a the_o publ_n judic_fw-la use_v the_o word_n adfinitatis_fw-la in_o this_o crime_n yet_o theoph._n in_o his_o greek_a instit_n eod_n §_o express_v the_o same_o by_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v affectionis_fw-la &_o non_fw-la adfiniâ—atis_fw-la and_o with_o theophil_n agree_v 36._o eclog._n tit_n 40_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o this_o show_v advantage_n by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n iv._o whether_o it_o do_v extend_v to_o bastard_n may_v be_v doubt_v for_o though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o since_o they_o know_v their_o mother_n it_o may_v be_v therefore_o extend_v against_o they_o if_o they_o kill_v she_o or_o she_o they_o yet_o since_o their_o father_n be_v uncertain_a nam_fw-la sunt_fw-la vulgo_fw-la quaesiti_fw-la &_o patrem_fw-la demonstrare_fw-la nequeunt_fw-la and_o since_o they_o have_v no_o advantage_n by_o their_o father_n in_o law_n it_o be_v hard_o the_o law_n shall_v punish_v they_o as_o parricide_n but_o yet_o lawyer_n conclude_v they_o may_v be_v punish_v for_o paricid_n allex._n ad_fw-la lib._n 2._o the_o injur_n voc_fw-la and_o since_o this_o be_v a_o crime_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o may_v be_v punish_v in_o bastard_n who_o be_v natural_a child_n v._o this_o crime_n extend_v not_o to_o movable_n by_o the_o act_n but_o by_o our_o law_n wherever_o the_o law_n punish_v by_o death_n it_o imply_v confiscation_n for_o movable_n follow_v still_o the_o person_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o france_n from_o which_o we_o have_v borrow_v this_o and_o many_o other_o thing_n qui_fw-la confisque_fw-la le_fw-fr corpse_n confisque_fw-fr les_fw-fr biens_fw-fr it_o be_v probable_a that_o upon_o this_o act_n even_o absent_v may_v be_v convict_v of_o this_o crime_n as_o the_o lord_n then_o think_v if_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o letter_n have_v bear_v the_o penalty_n here_o express_v for_o albeit_o probation_n can_v be_v lead_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o party_n to_o fix_v a_o crime_n upon_o he_o yet_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o civil_a effect_n which_o strike_v not_o against_o the_o person_n of_o the_o committer_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n also_o all_o murderer_n be_v debar_v from_o succeed_v to_o such_o who_o they_o murder_v l._n cum_fw-la ratio_fw-la §_o sin_n ff_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la damnat_fw-la which_o be_v yet_o observe_v in_o france_n but_o though_o with_o we_o there_o be_v no_o contrary_a decision_n yet_o with_o we_o they_o be_v not_o debar_v and_o see_v this_o pain_n be_v only_o statute_v in_o the_o case_n of_o parricide_n we_o may_v by_o a_o natural_a consequence_n conclude_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o ordinary_a murder_n vi_o by_o the_o act_n 20._o parliament_n 1._o ses._n 1._o ch._n 2._o beat_v or_o curse_v of_o parent_n be_v declare_v to_o have_v be_v punishable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n with_o death_n and_o therefore_o ordain_v that_o whatsoever_o son_n or_o daughter_n above_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o and_o not_o distract_v shall_v beat_v or_o curse_v his_o father_n or_o mother_n he_o shall_v die_v without_o mercy_n but_o if_o they_o be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o and_o past_a pupilarity_n they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v arbitrary_o from_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o this_o crime_n be_v mere_o statutory_a and_o therefore_o shall_v not_o extend_v beyond_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o act_n to_o grandfather_n or_o grandchild_n albeit_o appellatione_fw-la silij_fw-la &_o nepos_fw-la comprehenditur_fw-la in_o favorabilibus_fw-la 2._o that_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v oppose_v to_o death_n and_o so_o never_o can_v be_v extend_v in_o other_o act_n to_o death_n 3._o that_o those_o who_o be_v not_o above_o the_o age_n of_o pupilarity_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o commit_v crime_n nor_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o they_o be_v here_o
and_o gothofred_n §_o venenum_fw-la be_v clear_a that_o medici_fw-la &_o farmacopolae_fw-la ineptum_fw-la medicamentum_fw-la scienter_fw-la ad_fw-la hibentes_fw-la ut_fw-la infirmus_fw-la morietur_fw-la tenentur_fw-la ut_fw-la homicidae_fw-la and_o though_o the_o judgement_n of_o physician_n ought_v to_o be_v ask_v where_o the_o design_n be_v not_o know_v yet_o where_o the_o design_n of_o kill_v and_o mean_v suitable_a to_o that_o design_n be_v clear_o prove_v there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o consult_v physician_n nor_o can_v any_o danger_n ensue_v from_o the_o preparative_n of_o punish_v this_o panel_n to_o other_o physician_n or_o apothecary_n except_o they_o give_v physic_n without_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o party_n and_o at_o the_o desire_n of_o servant_n who_o employ_v upon_o a_o design_n to_o kill_v and_o administrat_fw-la the_o drug_n at_o unseasonable_a hour_n all_o which_o be_v of_o themselves_o criminal_a and_o this_o way_n be_v more_o dangerous_a than_o ordinary_a poison_n because_o servant_n be_v more_o easy_o admit_v than_o other_o and_o this_o way_n be_v less_o discoverable_a nor_o need_v it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o defunct_a die_v of_o this_o poison_n for_o even_o one_o who_o get_v true_a poison_n may_v have_v die_v of_o other_o disease_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o after_o the_o give_v of_o their_o purgative_n he_o die_v the_o next_o morning_n of_o such_o a_o looseness_n as_o make_v his_o bed_n to_o swim_v and_o as_o this_o be_v like_o the_o natural_a product_n so_o presumitur_fw-la contra_fw-la versantem_fw-la in_o illicito_fw-la especial_o all_o this_o design_n of_o murder_n be_v to_o conceal_v the_o servant_n theft_n in_o which_o this_o apothecary_n be_v a_o sharer_n iii_o from_o these_o word_n of_o the_o act_n through_o the_o which_o any_o christian_a man_n or_o woman_n may_v take_v bodily_a harm_n it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o 1._o the_o poison_n of_o a_o jew_n or_o pagan_n fall_v not_o under_o this_o act_n though_o it_o may_v be_v pursue_v as_o murder_n and_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o poison_n of_o a_o excommunicate_a person_n can_v fall_v under_o this_o act_n since_o they_o be_v not_o christian_n but_o to_o prevent_v all_o this_o the_o english_a statute_n bear_v that_o to_o kill_v any_o reasonable_a creature_n in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la by_o poison_n or_o otherways_o etc._n etc._n and_o cook_n observe_v that_o to_o poison_v a_o jew_n or_o turk_n fall_v under_o their_o statute_n iv._o from_o these_o word_n likewise_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o poison_n of_o bruit_n beast_n do_v not_o fall_v immediate_o under_o this_o act_n nor_o yet_o the_o poison_v whole_a field_n to_o the_o end_n beast_n may_v die_v albeit_o both_o these_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n by_o the_o law_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o carpz_n observe_v tract_n crim_n quest._n 21._o num_fw-la 24._o and_o since_o theft_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n much_o more_o ought_v the_o poison_n of_o beast_n be_v since_o not_o only_o be_v the_o party_n less_v by_o want_v his_o beast_n as_o much_o as_o in_o theft_n but_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v more_o prejudge_v then_o in_o theft_n since_o the_o beast_n so_o poison_v be_v make_v unserviceable_a as_o to_o all_o use_n and_o man_n be_v likewise_o in_o danger_n by_o eat_v or_o use_v of_o they_o and_o this_o be_v worse_a than_o hough_v of_o ox_n which_o be_v capital_a by_o our_o law_n but_o if_o a_o beast_n be_v poison_v that_o man_n may_v be_v thereby_o poison_v than_o the_o poison_n of_o beast_n will_v infer_v death_n from_o these_o word_n may_v take_v bodily_a harm_n it_o may_v be_v infer_v likewise_o that_o the_o give_v of_o poison_n whereby_o man_n do_v fall_v paralytic_a or_o lame_a shall_v fall_v under_o this_o statute_n though_o the_o person_n die_v not_o since_o that_o may_v be_v construct_v bodily_a harm_n v._o as_o also_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o since_o to_o bring_v home_o poison_n whereby_o man_n may_v die_v do_v infer_v death_n that_o therefore_o the_o give_v of_o poison_n though_o death_n do_v not_o follow_v either_o because_o the_o poison_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o or_o because_o the_o party_n poison_v do_v counter-act_n its_o force_n immediate_o by_o suitable_a remedy_n shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n for_o these_o be_v more_o immediate_a deed_n then_o to_o bring_v home_o poison_n and_o general_o endeavour_n be_v in_o this_o crime_n punish_v as_o the_o consumat_fw-la act_n where_o the_o endeavour_n come_v to_o any_o deed_n that_o approach_v the_o crime_n l._n 1._o ff_n ad_fw-la l._n pomp._n the_o parricid_n though_o carpz_n be_v of_o a_o contrair_a opinion_n assert_v that_o conatus_fw-la or_o endeavour_n be_v only_o to_o be_v punish_v even_o in_o that_o case_n by_o a_o extraordinary_a punishment_n the_o administrate_v drink_n or_o medicament_n to_o procure_v or_o increase_v love_n be_v think_v not_o punishable_a though_o death_n do_v not_o follow_v because_o there_o be_v no_o design_n there_o to_o kill_v carpz_n ibid._n &_o l._n siquis_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la though_o this_o be_v punishable_a as_o that_o law_n assert_n by_o a_o lesser_a punishment_n nam_fw-la est_fw-la res_fw-la mali_fw-la exempli_fw-la vi_o endeavour_n be_v punishable_a in_o the_o poison_n of_o parent_n and_o in_o reiterated_a endeavour_n though_o death_n follow_v not_o and_o the_o poison_n of_o magistrate_n or_o master_n since_o these_o great_a aggravation_n be_v so_o odious_a in_o the_o very_a contrivance_n that_o these_o aggravation_n be_v as_o odious_a as_o success_n and_o as_o the_o judge_n may_v mitigate_v the_o punishment_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o lessen_v circumstance_n so_o he_o may_v heighten_v the_o punishment_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o aggradge_v circumstance_n vasq._n contraver_n illust_n cap._n 14._o and_o carpz_n num_fw-la 50._o quest_n 20._o part_n 1._o give_v we_o several_a decision_n to_o this_o purpose_n and_o among_o other_o decision_n tell_v we_o of_o two_o mountibank_n who_o be_v burn_v with_o hot_a tongue_n to_o death_n for_o have_v poison_v ten_o several_a person_n but_o if_o a_o physician_n will_v poison_v his_o patient_n it_o will_v be_v certain_o treason_n with_o we_o as_o be_v murder_n under_o trust_n title_n ix_o de_fw-fr incendiariis_fw-la or_o fire-raiser_n 1._o malicious_n and_o design_v fire-raising_a be_v only_o punishable_a by_o death_n 2._o what_o presumption_n can_v prove_v this_o design_n 3._o whether_o one_o may_v be_v punish_v for_o burn_v his_o own_o house_n 4._o the_o punishment_n of_o fire-raising_a according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n 5._o the_o punishmint_n of_o it_o according_a to_o our_o law_n 6._o the_o burn_a of_o coal-heughs_a how_o punish_v 7._o whether_o the_o drown_v a_o coal-heugh_a be_v punishable_a as_o the_o burn_a of_o it_o 8._o fire-raising_a can_v be_v remit_v 9_o the_o punishment_n culposi_fw-la incendii_fw-la 10._o how_o accidental_a fire-raising_a be_v to_o be_v punish_v 11._o how_o master_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v for_o their_o servant_n negligence_n it_o be_v most_o unnatural_a that_o the_o element_n which_o be_v create_v to_o be_v servant_n to_o man_n shall_v have_v dominion_n over_o he_o and_o therefore_o these_o who_o raise_v fire_n be_v repute_v great_a enemy_n to_o mankind_n and_o more_o criminal_a than_o either_o theives_n or_o murderer_n for_o in_o theft_n the_o thing_n steal_v remain_v still_o with_o the_o commonwealth_n whereas_o it_o be_v absolute_o destroy_v by_o fire_n and_o in_o murder_n the_o crime_n extend_v never_o further_a than_o the_o design_n whereas_o in_o fire-raising_a the_o merciless_a element_n which_o be_v employ_v debord_n oft_o beyond_o its_o commission_n and_o involve_v in_o the_o common_a misery_n those_o against_o who_o the_o fire-raiser_n have_v no_o design_n with_o those_o who_o be_v his_o know_a enemy_n and_o therefore_o those_o who_o raise_v fire_n within_o a_o town_n be_v burn_v whereas_o those_o who_o burn_v only_o a_o house_n be_v not_o so_o grievous_o punish_v i._o a_o fire-raiser_n or_o incendiarius_fw-la be_v by_o lawyer_n define_v to_o be_v he_o who_o of_o design_n raise_v fire_n whether_o he_o kindle_v the_o same_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n or_o commissionat_v another_o or_o execute_v himself_o another_o commission_n and_o because_o of_o the_o atrociousness_n of_o this_o crime_n the_o attempt_n be_v punish_v though_o the_o effect_n follow_v not_o and_o threaten_n though_o nothing_o follow_v be_v punish_v damhaud_n rubrica_fw-la de_fw-la incendiariis_fw-la but_o because_o this_o crime_n be_v of_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o be_v improbable_a that_o any_o will_v be_v so_o merciless_a to_o commit_v the_o same_o therefore_o the_o law_n require_v that_o the_o fire-raising_a which_o be_v punishable_a be_v commit_v dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la and_o with_o we_o it_o be_v require_v they_o be_v combustores_fw-la domorum_fw-la nequiter_fw-la &_o malitiose_fw-la as_o skeen_n translate_v it_o ad_fw-la cap._n 10._o malcolmi_n 2._o and_o wilful_a fire-raising_a be_v only_o declare_v
be_v allow_v by_o the_o justice_n who_o must_v find_v all_o libel_n relevant_a which_o bear_v consult_v with_o witch_n and_o that_o ditty_n be_v prove_v they_o must_v condemn_v the_o panel_n to_o die_v albeit_o i_o think_v the_o council_n may_v alter_v the_o punishment_n if_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o user_n of_o these_o act_n have_v no_o wicked_a design_n nor_o intercourse_n with_o the_o devil_n therein_o xxvi_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n witchcraft_n be_v of_o old_a punish_v sometime_o by_o death_n and_o sometime_o by_o exile_n but_o 1._o jac._n this_o follow_a statute_n be_v make_v which_o i_o here_o set_v down_o because_o it_o be_v very_o special_a if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n shall_v use_v practice_n or_o exercise_v invocation_n or_o conjuration_n of_o any_o evil_a and_o wicked_a spirit_n or_o shall_v consult_v covenant_n with_o entertain_v employ_v feed_v or_o reward_n any_o evil_a or_o wicked_a spirit_n to_o or_o for_o any_o intent_n or_o purpose_n or_o take_v up_o any_o dead_a man_n woman_n or_o child_n out_o of_o he_o her_z or_o their_o grave_n or_o any_o other_o place_n where_o the_o dead_a body_n rest_v or_o the_o skin_n bone_n or_o any_o part_n of_o a_o dead_a person_n to_o be_v employ_v or_o use_v in_o any_o manner_n of_o witchcraft_n sorcery_n charm_n or_o enchantment_n or_o shall_v use_v practice_n or_o exercise_v any_o witchcraft_n enchantment_n charm_n or_o sorcery_n whereby_o any_o person_n shall_v be_v kill_v destroy_v waste_a consume_v pine_a or_o lame_v in_o his_o or_o her_o body_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o that_o then_o every_o such_o offender_n or_o offender_n their_o aider_n abbetter_n and_o counsellor_n be_v of_o any_o the_o say_a offence_n due_o and_o lawful_o convict_v and_o attaint_v shall_v suffer_v pain_n of_o death_n as_o a_o felon_n or_o felon_n and_o shall_v lose_v the_o privilege_n and_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n and_o sanctuary_n if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n take_v upon_o he_o or_o they_o by_o witchcraft_n enchantment_n charm_n or_o sorcery_n to_o tell_v or_o declare_v in_o what_o place_n any_o treasure_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n shall_v or_o may_v be_v find_v or_o have_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o other_o secret_a place_n or_o where_o good_n or_o other_o thing_n lose_v or_o steal_v be_v become_v or_o whereby_o any_o cattle_n or_o good_n of_o any_o person_n shall_v be_v destroy_v or_o to_o hurt_v or_o destroy_v any_o person_n in_o he_o or_o her_o body_n albeit_o the_o same_o be_v not_o effect_v or_o do_v be_v therefore_o lawful_o convict_v shall_v for_o the_o say_a offence_n suffer_v imprisonment_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o whole_a year_n without_o bail_n or_o mainprize_n once_o every_o quarter_n of_o the_o year_n these_o mountebank_n be_v to_o mount_v the_o pillory_n and_o to_o stand_v thereupon_o in_o some_o mercat_n toun_n six_o hour_n and_o there_o to_o confess_v he_o or_o her_o error_n and_o offence_n title_n xi_o murder_n 1._o the_o etymology_n of_o murder_n 2._o self_n defence_n define_v and_o whether_o it_o be_v punishable_a 3._o how_o moderation_n in_o self_n defence_n be_v say_v to_o be_v exceed_v 4._o how_o self_n defence_n must_v be_v propon_v 5._o how_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v prove_v 6._o what_o be_v casual_a homicide_n 7._o whether_o he_o who_o be_v do_v what_o be_v unlawful_a may_v defend_v himself_o as_o only_o guilty_a of_o casual_a homicide_n 8._o whether_o he_o who_o be_v only_o guilty_a of_o casual_a homicide_n may_v be_v fine_v 9_o what_o be_v homicidium_fw-la culposum_fw-la or_o faulty_a homicide_n 10._o what_o wound_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v mortal_a 11._o how_o the_o design_n of_o murder_v or_o forethought_a felony_n be_v to_o be_v clear_v 12._o homicidium_fw-la in_o rixa_fw-la when_o many_o be_v conjunct_a actor_n how_o punishable_a 13._o the_o kill_n of_o thief_n or_o such_o as_o resist_v authority_n how_o punishable_a 14._o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o father_n to_o kill_v his_o own_o daughter_n if_o he_o find_v her_o commit_a adultery_n 15._o assasination_n how_o punish_v 16._o murder_n under_o trust_n how_o punish_v 17._o what_o be_v art_n and_o part_n of_o murder_n 18._o how_o such_o as_o kill_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o law_n be_v punishable_a 19_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o kill_v a_o rebel_n 20._o the_o life-rent_a escheat_n of_o murderer_n fall_v in_o some_o case_n 21._o murder_n be_v one_o of_o the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n 22._o how_o sheriff_n and_o other_o judge_n ought_v to_o prosecute_v murderer_n 23._o whether_o remission_n can_v be_v grant_v in_o case_n of_o murder_n god_n almighty_n do_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o impress_v man_n with_o his_o own_o image_n add_v as_o a_o second_o obligation_n a_o natural_a horror_n in_o every_o man_n to_o be_v in_o any_o accession_n to_o the_o deface_v it_o so_o that_o he_o have_v consult_v his_o own_o glory_n and_o our_o security_n joint_o in_o these_o severe_a law_n which_o he_o have_v make_v against_o murder_n and_o his_o divine_a finger_n be_v not_o see_v so_o apparent_o in_o any_o discovery_n as_o in_o that_o of_o murder_n and_o it_o be_v very_o remarkable_a that_o these_o barbarian_n who_o see_v the_o viper_n fasten_v upon_o paul_n hand_n do_v instant_o conclude_v he_o guilty_a of_o murder_n because_o he_o be_v to_o their_o apprehension_n so_o miraculous_o punish_v i._o murder_n come_v from_o the_o dutch_a word_n moorde_n which_o signify_v caedem_fw-la ex_fw-la jusidiis_fw-la vel_fw-la proditorie_a factam_fw-la math._n h._n t._n and_o murder_n be_v proper_o different_a from_o slaughter_n the_o one_o be_v commit_v per_fw-la seloniam_fw-la the_o other_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la leg._n malc_n c._n 2._o and_o therefore_o when_o our_o law_n forbid_v kill_v under_o trust_n ja._n 6._o pa._n 11._o ch_z 81._o it_o call_v it_o murder_n under_o trust_n but_o when_o it_o speak_v of_o kill_v by_o accident_n or_o in_o self-defence_n it_o call_v it_o slaughter_n or_o homicide_n c._n 22._o par._n 1._o k._n ch._n 2._o ses._n 2._o and_o by_o this_o it_o seem_v that_o this_o crime_n be_v better_a write_v murder_n then_o murder_n though_o murder_n be_v the_o ordinar_n way_n of_o write_v it_o especial_o in_o our_o old_a law_n the_o civilian_n define_v murder_n to_o be_v the_o kill_a man_n by_o man_n unlawful_o and_o they_o divide_v it_o into_o that_o which_o be_v commit_v casual_o in_o defence_n culpable_a or_o wilful_o ii_o necessarium_fw-la homicidium_fw-la or_o homicide_n commit_v in_o self-defence_n be_v when_o a_o man_n be_v pursue_v or_o reduce_v to_o inevitable_a necessity_n have_v no_o way_n leave_v he_o to_o evit_fw-la his_o own_a death_n but_o by_o kill_v the_o aggressor_n this_o be_v in_o law_n call_v inculpata_fw-la tutela_fw-la or_o moderamen_fw-la in_o culpatae_fw-la tutelae_fw-la within_o which_o moderation_n if_o the_o defender_n contain_v himself_o he_o be_v no_o way_n punishable_a but_o if_o he_o exceed_v the_o same_o yet_o so_o favourable_a be_v self-defence_n that_o the_o exceeder_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o the_o ordinar_n punishment_n but_o be_v ordinary_o punishable_a according_a to_o the_o excess_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n with_o we_o likewise_o self-defence_n be_v only_o punishable_a at_o the_o arbitrement_n or_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n by_o the_o 22._o act_n sess._n 1._o pa._n 2._o k._n ch._n 2._o but_o see_v that_o act_n ordain_v it_o to_o be_v punish_v at_o his_o discretion_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o in_o all_o case_n self-defence_n be_v not_o some_o way_n punishable_a and_o i_o remember_v that_o captain_n barclay_n be_v assoylzy_v in_o decemb._n 1668._o because_o the_o assize_n find_v that_o the_o kill_a sinclar_n be_v in_o his_o own_o defence_n the_o pursuer_n be_v to_o petition_v the_o council_n which_o be_v the_o ordinar_n way_n of_o tax_v arbitrary_a punishment_n in_o this_o case_n that_o he_o may_v be_v fine_v and_o very_o learned_a lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o self-defence_n be_v in_o all_o case_n punishable_a though_o attend_v with_o the_o most_o favourable_a circumstance_n of_o innocency_n from_o who_o i_o differ_v upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n if_o the_o defender_n contain_v himself_o exact_o within_o that_o moderation_n he_o be_v no_o way_n punishable_a as_o be_v clear_a by_o farin_n part_n 74._o quest_n 25._o part_n 6.2_o self-defence_n be_v a_o duty_n and_o so_o not_o punishable_a for_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n that_o the_o law_n shall_v punish_v what_o it_o do_v comcommand_n 3._o the_o law_n say_v that_o omni_fw-la culpa_fw-la caret_fw-la qui_fw-la se_fw-la desendit_fw-la and_o in_o our_o law_n it_o be_v call_v murthrum_fw-la justum_fw-la leg_n malcol_n c._n 11._o and_o so_o to_o punish_v he_o who_o necessary_o defend_v himself_o be_v to_o inflict_v a_o punishment_n where_o the_o law_n acknowledge_v there_o be_v no_o guilt_n 4._o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o
be_v most_o reasonable_a for_o this_o be_v in_o effect_n great_a than_o ordinary_a theft_n because_o these_o thing_n have_v none_o to_o guard_v they_o and_o in_o our_o law_n likewise_o he_o who_o find_v a_o waise_v beast_n which_o have_v stray_v from_o the_o owner_n shall_v cause_n cry_v it_o either_o in_o the_o court_n of_o his_o over-lord_n or_o in_o the_o church_n or_o else_o he_o may_v be_v pursue_v for_o theft_n and_o theft_n be_v likewise_o punishable_a albeit_o the_o person_n be_v not_o know_v from_o who_o the_o thing_n be_v steal_v alex._n concilio_n 23._o and_o yet_o furtum_fw-la non_fw-la fit_a nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la cui_fw-la fiat_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 43._o §_o 5._o basil_n h._n t._n v._o theft_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o manifestum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la manifestum_fw-la manifest_a theft_n be_v when_o the_o thief_n himself_o be_v deprehend_v in_o the_o very_a act_n or_o if_o he_o be_v see_v with_o it_o before_o he_o do_v arrive_v at_o the_o place_n to_o which_o he_o do_v destinat_fw-la to_o carry_v it_o theft_n not_o manifest_a be_v when_o either_o the_o thief_n be_v not_o take_v or_o see_v with_o it_o and_o this_o distinction_n have_v in_o my_o opinion_n give_v occasion_n to_o the_o difference_n in_o our_o law_n betwixt_o in-fang-thief_n and_o out-fang-thief_n which_o concern_v only_o the_o jurisdiction_n where_o the_o thief_n be_v punish_v but_o not_o the_o punishment_n itself_o as_o shall_v be_v say_v hereafter_o but_o there_o be_v several_a other_o vestige_v of_o it_o in_o our_o law_n as_o cap._n 21._o l._n 4._o reg._n maj._n it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o who_o be_v take_v with_o nothing_o in_o his_o hand_n may_v purge_v himself_o by_o 27_o man_n and_o three_o thanes_z and_o a_o burgess_n be_v accuse_v of_o manifest_a theft_n may_v purge_v himself_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o twelve_o the_o meaning_n whereof_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v give_v his_o own_o oath_n he_o be_v innocent_a and_o shall_v get_v so_o many_o man_n to_o swear_v that_o they_o believe_v his_o innocence_n and_o this_o manifest_a theft_n be_v call_v theft_n with_o red_a hand_n stat._n orcar_n by_o a_o metaphor_n borrow_v from_o murder_n but_o with_o we_o theft_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o common_a theft_n which_o be_v theft_n so_o proper_o call_v or_o stouth-rife_a which_o be_v violent_a theft_n and_o be_v a_o complex_fw-la of_o theft_n and_o robbery_n and_o receipt_n of_o theft_n which_o distinction_n be_v hint_v at_o in_o all_o our_o law_n but_o most_o special_o 50._o act._n p._n 11._o ja._n 6._o vi_o as_o to_o the_o punishment_n of_o theft_n it_o be_v much_o controvert_v among_o lawyer_n if_o the_o lawgiver_n can_v just_o punish_v theft_n with_o death_n and_o though_o i_o will_v not_o dispute_v the_o power_n of_o prince_n and_o state_n yet_o i_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o for_o simple_a theft_n a_o thief_n shall_v not_o die_v for_o fâ—rst_v we_o find_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n to_o which_o as_o the_o scripture_n say_v nothing_o shall_v be_v add_v or_o pair_v theft_n be_v not_o punishable_a by_o death_n nor_o can_v this_o law_n be_v call_v only_o a_o judicial_a law_n fit_v for_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o moral_a law_n according_a to_o its_o statutory_a part_n forbid_v theft_n appear_v from_o its_o be_v insert_v among_o the_o command_n and_o why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o as_o to_o its_o sanction_n and_o punishment_n like_o murder_n incest_n and_o these_o other_o crime_n i_o can_v see_v a_o reason_n 2._o we_o see_v that_o some_o theft_n be_v capital_o punish_v as_o be_v the_o steal_a thing_n sacred_a josh._n 7._o and_o theft_n commit_v in_o the_o night_n exod._n 22_o 2._o and_o stealer_n of_o man_n deut._n 21.7_o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o god_n almighty_n intend_v not_o that_o single_a theft_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o death_n 3._o there_o be_v no_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n and_o any_o money_n for_o all_o that_o a_o man_n have_v will_v he_o give_v for_o his_o life_n 4._o the_o life_n of_o the_o malefactor_n be_v ordinary_o take_v where_o the_o crime_n can_v be_v repair_v as_o in_o murder_n incest_n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o theft_n it_o may_v and_o the_o party_n wrong_v will_v in_o all_o probability_n be_v far_o easy_a secure_v this_o way_n see_v many_o will_n rather_o want_v their_o good_n nor_o have_v a_o man_n life_n take_v many_o thief_n will_v restore_v if_o they_o think_v restoration_n may_v be_v make_v with_o safety_n of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o law_n will_v easy_o sustain_v the_o pusuer_n probation_n if_o the_o event_n be_v only_o to_o reach_v good_n and_o not_o life_n 5._o it_o seem_v absurd_a that_o single_a adultery_n which_o be_v the_o worst_a of_o theft_n see_v the_o husband_n thereby_o be_v rob_v of_o his_o estate_n quiet_a good_a name_n and_o succession_n shall_v not_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o yet_o theft_n shall_v be_v make_v capital_a and_o that_o theft_n and_o murder_n which_o be_v not_o equal_a crime_n shall_v have_v equal_a punishment_n and_o albeit_o it_o be_v object_v that_o laban_n gen._n 24.9_o do_v vow_n that_o these_o who_o have_v steal_v his_o good_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o death_n yet_o the_o reason_n in_o that_o case_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v because_o that_o the_o theft_n there_o mention_v be_v sacrilege_n and_o whereas_o david_n oath_n to_o nathan_n be_v that_o he_o who_o have_v steal_v his_o neighbour_n lamb_n shall_v die_v be_v object_v it_o be_v answer_v either_o that_o be_v speak_v in_o passion_n which_o the_o text_n bear_v or_o otherways_o that_o be_v suggest_v by_o a_o special_a providence_n to_o david_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v be_v his_o own_o accuser_n nor_o do_v i_o deny_v but_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o communion_n of_o good_n among_o the_o jew_n more_o than_o in_o other_o nation_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o jublee_n by_o their_o not_o take_v pledge_n nor_o anual_a rent_n so_o that_o there_o be_v less_o reason_n to_o make_v theft_n capital_a among_o they_o then_o among_o we_o and_o that_o according_a as_o crime_n grow_v more_o frequent_a the_o punishment_n may_v be_v augment_v but_o i_o deny_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v soaugment_v that_o suitable_a proportion_n shall_v not_o be_v keep_v and_o it_o be_v know_v from_o experience_n that_o many_o man_n fear_v hang_v less_o than_o be_v constant_o keep_v in_o correction-house_n or_o in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v work_v as_o they_o do_v in_o holland_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n vii_o to_o descend_v then_o to_o our_o law_n the_o custom_n be_v that_o the_o justice_n do_v sometime_o hang_v even_o for_o very_o small_a fault_n as_o thomas_n neilson_n for_o steal_v a_o horse_n 10_o december_n 1661._o watson_n hang_v for_o steal_v 40._o sheep_n though_o there_o be_v no_o probation_n against_o he_o but_o his_o own_o confession_n and_o though_o he_o have_v restore_v â—he_n thing_n steal_v sometime_o by_o banishment_n as_o richard_n lauder_n 6._o febr._n 1639._o and_o alexander_n cumming_n and_o john_n tailor_n 25._o febr._n 1639._o sometime_o they_o be_v drown_v as_o griselda_n mathow_n for_o steal_v a_o coffer_n with_o writ_n 23._o june_n 1599_o sometime_o scourge_v as_o james_n wilson_n 7._o feb._n 1608._o sometime_o they_o be_v hang_v in_o chain_n if_o they_o be_v notorious_a thief_n as_o patrick_n roy_fw-fr macgrigor_n may._n 1668._o etc._n etc._n it_o be_v think_v that_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la there_o be_v no_o law_n in_o scotland_n for_o hang_v a_o man_n for_o theft_n which_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n for_o leg._n burgorum_n cap._n 121._o it_o be_v say_v if_o a_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o bread_n worth_a a_o farthing_n and_o from_o one_o farthing_n to_o four_o he_o shall_v be_v scourge_v for_o four_o farthing_n he_o shall_v be_v put_v in_o the_o jogg_n and_o banish_v from_o four_o to_o eight_o he_o shall_v loose_v a_o ear_n and_o if_o that_o same_o thief_n be_v thereafter_o taâ—â—â—_n with_o eight_o penny_n he_o shall_v be_v hang_v but_o if_o any_o thief_n shall_v be_v take_v with_o 32._o penny_n and_o a_o farthing_n he_o may_v be_v hang_v 2._o by_o the_o 7._o act_n stat_fw-la da._n 2.13_o ch_n and_o cap._n 13._o l._n 4._o reg._n maj._n one_o defame_v for_o theft_n who_o can_v find_v caution_n shall_v be_v hang_v &_o cap._n 16._o it_o be_v say_v that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v hang_v for_o less_o than_o two_o sheep_n and_o by_o the_o law_n likeways_o of_o birthinseck_n a_o thief_n shall_v not_o die_v for_o as_o much_o meat_n as_o he_o can_v carry_v upon_o his_o back_n and_o cap._n 18._o a_o thief_n be_v hang_v and_o fall_v from_o the_o gallow_n be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v punish_v all_o which_o imply_v clear_o that_o theft_n be_v of_o
crime_n as_o recept_n of_o theft_n but_o it_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o definition_n of_o theft_n for_o recept_n be_v define_v to_o be_v occultatio_fw-la latronum_fw-la vel_fw-la malt_n â—â—oorum_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la qui_fw-la latronem_fw-la apprehendere_fw-la poterat_fw-la pecunia_fw-la vel_fw-la surreptorum_fw-la parte_fw-la accepta_fw-la l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr recept_n it_o be_v the_o wilful_a conceal_n or_o protect_v a_o thief_n by_o he_o who_o may_v have_v take_v and_o apprehend_v he_o and_o that_o either_o for_o money_n or_o a_o part_n of_o the_o steal_a good_n from_o which_o definition_n it_o may_v be_v infer_v 1._o that_o such_o as_o lodge_v thief_n in_o inn_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o recept_n except_o it_o be_v likewise_o prove_v that_o they_o know_v the_o person_n lodge_v to_o have_v steal_a good_n which_o ignorance_n will_v not_o excuse_v if_o it_o be_v affect_v and_o design_v ignorance_n as_o if_o all_o the_o neighbour_n know_v or_o if_o it_o be_v intimate_fw-la to_o they_o or_o if_o any_o person_n offer_v to_o inform_v and_o the_o innkeeper_n will_v not_o know_v or_o if_o the_o guest_n offer_v a_o extraordinary_a reward_n or_o offer_v to_o bribe_v servant_n or_o keep_v a_o very_a jealous_a watch_n which_o presumption_n may_v infer_v a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n but_o not_o death_n 2._o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o lodging_n a_o kinsman_n a_o wife_n or_o husband_n entertain_v one_o another_o will_v not_o infer_v recept_n because_o that_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v do_v rather_o out_o of_o love_n than_o avarice_n or_o dole_n l._n 2_o ff_n de_fw-fr recept_n which_o be_v extend_v as_o chassan_n observe_v rubr_n 1._o §_o 5._o n._n 13._o to_o a_o mistress_n conceal_v her_o sweetheart_n in_o all_o which_o case_n the_o receptor_n be_v only_o to_o be_v excuse_v if_o they_o communicate_v not_o in_o the_o theft_n for_o else_o they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v as_o thief_n for_o that_o be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o love_n but_o of_o fraud_n iii_o recept_n of_o theft_n with_o we_o be_v punishable_a as_o the_o principal_a thief_n stat._n 21._o alex._n 2._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o whosoever_o shall_v recept_n the_o thing_n steal_v willing_o and_o know_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v as_o the_o principal_a thief_n and_o from_o this_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o recept_n with_o we_o be_v proper_o when_o the_o thing_n steal_v be_v recept_v and_o not_o when_o the_o stealer_n without_o the_o theft_n be_v receipt_v for_o to_o as_o the_o recept_n of_o the_o thief_n it_o appear_v only_o to_o be_v punishable_a when_o letter_n of_o intercommuning_n be_v publish_v prohibit_v all_o the_o liege_n to_o recept_n or_o fortify_v a_o malefactor_n else_o letter_n of_o intercommune_v be_v unnecessary_a nor_o see_v i_o why_o the_o receptor_n of_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o the_o receptor_n of_o a_o murderer_n and_o our_o practice_n speak_v still_o of_o recept_n of_o theft_n not_o of_o thief_n at_o least_o recept_n of_o this_o nature_n fall_v not_o under_o this_o special_a crime_n but_o only_o under_o the_o thief_n general_a crime_n of_o recept_v malefactor_n but_o if_o the_o receptor_n of_o a_o take_v money_n or_o good_a deed_n for_o the_o recept_v even_o his_o person_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o be_v guilty_a of_o theft-boot_n but_o by_o the_o 21._o act_n p._n 1._o i._o 6._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o whosoever_o intercommun_v with_o thief_n or_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o theftous_a stealing_n or_o deed_n either_o in_o go_v or_o come_v or_o give_v they_o meat_n harbour_n or_o assistance_n or_o tryst_n with_o they_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n they_o shall_v be_v pursue_v either_o civil_o or_o criminal_o but_o this_o act_n strike_v not_o against_o such_o as_o have_v entertain_v the_o thief_n any_o considerable_a time_n after_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o theft_n and_o before_o letter_n of_o intercommune_v be_v execute_v iv._o the_o receptor_n with_o we_o can_v be_v punish_v or_o thole_n a_o assize_n till_o the_o principal_a thief_n be_v first_o convict_v for_o if_o he_o be_v assoilzy_v the_o receptor_n can_v be_v punish_v stat._n david_n 2._o cap._n 29._o but_o by_o the_o 83._o cap._n quon_n attach_v it_o be_v only_o declare_v that_o the_o receptor_n shall_v not_o be_v punish_v till_o the_o principal_n be_v either_o convict_v or_o attain_v i._n e._n accuse_v with_o we_o now_o it_o be_v inviolable_o observe_v that_o the_o principal_a thief_n shall_v be_v first_o discuss_v as_o be_v find_v 〈…〉_z and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1663._o a_o verdict_n against_o george_n grahame_n before_o the_o justice_n find_v he_o guilty_a of_o fraudulent_a use_n of_o a_o bond_n be_v rescind_v because_o the_o principal_a thief_n be_v not_o first_o discuss_v the_o case_n be_v this_o achmuty_n grant_v a_o bond_n to_o the_o lady_n bairfoot_n for_o eight_o hundred_o mark_n she_o assign_v it_o to_o george_n but_o thereafter_o pay_v he_o another_o way_n and_o retire_v the_o assignation_n and_o after_o this_o she_o put_v both_o bond_n and_o assignation_n in_o a_o bonnet_n case_n and_o george_n have_v come_v by_o the_o bond_n as_o he_o pretend_v from_o mistress_n bill_v daughter_n to_o the_o lady_n who_o allege_v she_o have_v get_v it_o from_o her_o mother_n for_o debt_n he_o send_v it_o to_o ireland_n and_o recover_v payment_n whereupon_o he_o be_v pursue_v for_o fraudulent_a use_n and_o recept_n and_o his_o discharge_n of_o the_o former_a assignation_n be_v produce_v and_o the_o bond_n be_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o lady_n custody_n whereupon_o he_o be_v convict_v by_o the_o assize_n but_o this_o verdict_n be_v rescind_v with_o the_o justice_n interlocutor_fw-la because_o the_o libel_n be_v not_o relevant_a till_o master_n and_o mistress_n billings_n have_v be_v first_o discuss_v and_o the_o verdict_n be_v unjust_a because_o it_o be_v not_o prove_v that_o they_o see_v george_n grhame_n deliver_v back_o the_o bond_n and_o the_o general_a discharge_n may_v have_v be_v give_v spenumerandae_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la and_o if_o such_o use_n as_o this_o may_v be_v term_v theft_n all_o action_n of_o exhibition_n will_v be_v turn_v in_o pursuit_n for_o theft_n but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o if_o the_o principal_a thief_n die_v the_o receptor_n may_v be_v punish_v see_v after_o death_n the_o principal_a theft_n can_v be_v inquire_v into_o for_o though_o that_o privilege_n be_v grant_v quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o discussion_n yet_o it_o infer_v no_o indemnity_n to_o the_o receptor_n and_o we_o see_v that_o where_o the_o benefit_n of_o discussion_n be_v grant_v to_o heir_n or_o cautioner_n he_o who_o have_v the_o benefit_n may_v be_v pursue_v if_o the_o party_n who_o will_v have_v be_v first_o discuss_v be_v in_o solvendo_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o maxim_n shall_v hold_v when_o the_o principal_a thief_n be_v alive_a and_o not_o when_o he_o be_v dead_a be_v because_o it_o be_v presumable_a that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v malicious_a against_o the_o receptor_n for_o else_o he_o will_v doubtless_o pursue_v the_o malefactor_n who_o do_v the_o most_o immediate_a wrong_n to_o he_o which_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o receptor_n know_v not_o it_o may_v be_v also_o doubt_v if_o the_o thief_n dwell_v in_o england_n or_o in_o france_n whether_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi must_v first_o discuss_v he_o v._o if_o the_o thing_n steal_v by_o the_o wife_n be_v find_v with_o the_o husband_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v except_o he_o express_o promise_v to_o defend_v his_o wife_n or_o warrant_v she_o but_o if_o the_o thing_n steal_v by_o the_o husband_n be_v find_v under_o the_o wife_n key_n or_o under_o her_o care_n she_o be_v punishable_a as_o a_o thief_n stat._n wil._n c._n 19_o &_o quon_n attach_v c._n 12._o but_o these_o chapter_n be_v confuse_v and_o de_fw-fr practica_fw-la both_o man_n and_o wife_n be_v liable_a if_o they_o be_v accessary_a to_o any_o other_o theft_n but_o no_o otherwise_o albeit_o the_o conceal_n of_o theft_n be_v criminal_a in_o other_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o a_o wife_n ibid._n and_o yet_o the_o husband_n authority_n be_v say_v not_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v she_o in_o atrocious_a crime_n though_o she_o be_v obliedge_v general_o to_o obey_v he_o ibid._n from_o which_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v first_o that_o theft_n be_v account_v a_o atrocious_a crime_n for_o that_o chapter_n treat_v of_o theft_n albeit_o this_o be_v much_o controvert_v among_o the_o doctor_n who_o after_o a_o long_a debate_n whether_o statute_n order_v the_o procedor_fw-la in_o atrocious_a crime_n general_o shall_v be_v extend_v to_o theft_n which_o they_o refer_v to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v to_o judge_n according_a to_o circumstance_n and_o certain_o pick_v or_o petty_a theft_n be_v not_o a_o atrocious_a crime_n except_o where_o the_o thief_n make_v a_o trade_n of_o it_o among_o
to_o swear_v before_o any_o debate_n upon_o the_o indirect_a manner_n the_o lord_n use_v to_o ordain_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o give_v in_o his_o article_n of_o improbation_n and_o to_o ordain_v the_o defender_n to_o give_v in_o his_o article_n of_o approbation_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v not_o publicatio_fw-la testimoniorum_fw-la in_o our_o law_n in_o civil_a case_n yet_o because_o improbation_n have_v a_o criminal_a effect_n and_o tend_v to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o the_o defender_n therefore_o the_o lord_n use_v in_o this_o case_n to_o ordain_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n to_o be_v see_v by_o both_o party_n and_o both_o party_n be_v full_o hear_v to_o debate_v in_o praesentia_fw-la the_o lord_n do_v either_o improve_v or_o assoylzie_n if_o the_o lord_n improve_v they_o have_v by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n power_n to_o impose_v a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n suitable_a to_o the_o crime_n and_o therefore_o they_o do_v sometime_o ordain_v the_o forget_v to_o be_v take_v to_o the_o cross_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n if_o the_o cheat_n be_v but_o small_a or_o the_o person_n in_o great_a necessity_n and_o sometime_o they_o only_o ordain_v the_o forger_n to_o be_v imprison_v and_o rebuke_v he_o without_o discover_v the_o falsehood_n as_o they_o do_v late_o to_o a_o gentleman_n who_o be_v otherways_o very_o discreet_a be_v by_o his_o poverty_n drive_v to_o counterfeit_v the_o subscription_n of_o his_o friend_n to_o a_o bond_n of_o suspension_n sometime_o likewise_o they_o refer_v the_o forger_n to_o the_o council_n who_o upon_o that_o reference_n use_v either_o to_o condemn_v the_o forger_n to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n as_o they_o do_v captain_n barclay_n or_o else_o they_o use_v to_o send_v they_o to_o the_o mercat_n cross_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n as_o they_o do_v tulloch_n a_o nottar_n for_o forge_v a_o charter_n 4._o july_n 1638._o but_o this_o mitigation_n be_v only_o allow_v when_o the_o forger_n have_v be_v induce_v to_o commit_v that_o crime_n by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o other_o or_o by_o his_o own_o simplicity_n and_o have_v ingenious_o confess_v vii_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o procedor_fw-la take_v by_o the_o lord_n when_o they_o have_v improven_v the_o paper_n and_o find_v they_o to_o be_v false_a be_v to_o remit_v the_o forger_n to_o the_o justice_n against_o who_o a_o indictment_n be_v draw_v up_o and_o the_o assize_n swear_v the_o lord_n decreet_a be_v read_v without_o repeat_v any_o further_a probation_n and_o the_o assize_n must_v condemn_v thereupon_o else_o they_o will_v be_v pursue_v for_o error_n and_o therefore_o the_o verdict_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la bear_v find_v the_o panel_n guilty_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o decreet_a of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n upon_o this_o verdict_n the_o justice_n be_v tie_v express_o to_o condemn_v the_o defender_n to_o be_v hang_v as_o halyday_n for_o counterfeit_v a_o discharge_n 8._o february_n 1597._o james_n tarbet_n for_o be_v art_n and_o part_n of_o counterfeit_v a_o false_a charter_n 16._o february_n 1600._o and_o if_o the_o falsehood_n be_v atrocious_a they_o sometime_o before_o the_o execution_n ordain_v the_o right_a hand_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o if_o the_o lord_n remit_v not_o the_o case_n to_o the_o justice_n when_o they_o find_v the_o paper_n to_o be_v false_a they_o ordain_v the_o paper_n improven_v to_o be_v cancel_v in_o their_o own_o presence_n but_o if_o they_o remit_v the_o forger_n to_o the_o justice_n than_o the_o paper_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o when_o the_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v there_o against_o the_o panel_n the_o paper_n be_v likewise_o cancel_v at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o justice_n viii_o the_o second_o species_n of_o falsehood_n be_v that_o which_o be_v commit_v by_o witness_n in_o their_o deposition_n which_o may_v be_v many_o way_n commit_v as_o 1._o by_o take_v money_n to_o depon_n or_o not_o depon_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la ad_fw-la dicendum_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la dicendum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la acceperit_fw-la l._n 20._o ff_n h._n t._n 20._o by_o conceal_v the_o truth_n or_o express_v more_o than_o the_o truth_n though_o they_o receive_v no_o money_n l._n 16_o §_o ult_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi 3._o by_o depon_v thing_n express_o contradictory_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o contradiction_n must_v be_v palpable_a and_o not_o consequential_a nam_fw-la omnis_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la praeferendo_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la dicta_fw-la testium_fw-la reconcilientur_fw-la witness_n either_o be_v such_o as_o be_v swear_v and_o if_o they_o swear_v false_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la they_o be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n vid._n tit_n perjury_n or_o else_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v false_a witness_n without_o a_o oath_n as_o witness_n in_o paper_n and_o these_o be_v punishable_a tanquam_fw-la falsarii_fw-la bart._n ad_fw-la l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la l._n corn._n clar._n hoc_fw-la tit_n num_fw-la 11._o and_o of_o these_o i_o design_n to_o treat_v only_o at_o least_o principal_o in_o this_o title_n he_o who_o depones_fw-la false_o in_o one_o point_n be_v repute_v false_a in_o all_o his_o deposition_n whether_o the_o point_n be_v coherent_a or_o not_o but_o he_o who_o depones_fw-la false_o only_o in_o extrinsic_a circumstance_n be_v not_o to_o be_v equal_o punish_v as_o if_o he_o have_v depone_v false_o upon_o the_o substantial_o of_o what_o be_v interrogat_n and_o yet_o in_o both_o case_n he_o be_v falsarius_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o lord_n ordain_v one_o of_o barclay_n servant_n to_o be_v send_v to_o the_o cross_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n because_o he_o prevaricat_fw-la only_o in_o his_o deposition_n about_o the_o carry_v of_o a_o letter_n though_o that_o be_v extrinsic_a to_o the_o debate_n and_o be_v main_o use_v to_o try_v the_o witness_n honesty_n oblivion_n or_o forgetfulness_n excuse_v sometime_o à _fw-la paena_fw-la ordinaria_fw-la falsi_fw-la if_o it_o be_v invincible_o or_o strong_o found_v but_o not_o otherwise_o witness_n depon_v false_o and_o such_o as_o induce_v witness_n be_v by_o our_o law_n punish_v according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o common_a law_n act_n 80._o parl._n 6._o i._o 5._o but_o thereafter_o by_o pierce_v their_o tongue_n and_o escheat_v of_o their_o moveable_n to_o the_o king_n use_n and_o be_v never_o to_o brook_v honour_n office_n or_o dignity_n and_o be_v to_o be_v further_o punish_v in_o their_o person_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o fault_n q._n m._n parl._n 6._o cap._n 48._o by_o the_o lord_n in_o this_o act_n be_v mean_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o may_v punish_v witness_n ex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la during_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o process_n before_o themselves_o wherein_o the_o witness_n depone_v false_o but_o if_o either_o the_o falsehood_n be_v commit_v by_o depon_v in_o another_o court_n or_o if_o the_o lord_n be_v functi_fw-la officio_fw-la as_o to_o the_o process_n wherein_o the_o falsehood_n be_v commit_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o lord_n can_v judge_v the_o falsehood_n or_o punish_v the_o false_a witness_n sometime_o the_o lord_n ordain_v the_o witness_n to_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o council_n thus_o the_o lord_n ordain_v the_o witness_n who_o have_v confess_v that_o they_o subscribe_v witness_n to_o a_o disposition_n grant_v by_o the_o tutor_n of_o towie_n to_o his_o nephew_n to_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o council_n who_o banish_v they_o and_o sometime_o they_o themselves_o ordain_v they_o to_o be_v banish_v or_o to_o have_v their_o tongue_n pierce_v or_o to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o cock-stool_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n yet_o they_o can_v ordain_v they_o to_o die_v because_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n grant_v by_o this_o act_n can_v in_o law_n be_v extend_v ad_fw-la infligendam_fw-la paenam_fw-la mortis_fw-la as_o be_v full_o clear_v elsewhere_o and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n use_v to_o remit_v the_o falsarie_a to_o the_o justice_n if_o the_o crime_n deserve_v death_n but_o it_o may_v be_v question_v if_o the_o justice_n can_v inflict_v the_o pain_n of_o death_n in_o any_o case_n upon_o false_a witness_n since_o that_o crime_n be_v not_o declare_v capital_a by_o any_o act_n but_o to_o this_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o they_o may_v and_o do_v inflâ—ct_a capital_a punishment_n upon_o the_o committer_n of_o this_o crime_n in_o some_o case_n and_o by_o the_o foresay_a act_n ja._n 5._o it_o be_v declare_v punishable_a according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o common_a law_n by_o which_o be_v mean_v the_o civil_a law_n &_o de_fw-fr practica_fw-la witness_v have_v be_v hang_v for_o bear_v false_a witness_n as_o croy_n and_o for_o suborn_v other_o to_o bear_v false_a witness_n as_o cheyn_n march_v 15._o 1605._o and_o grahame_n march_v 8._o 1615._o at_o which_o time_n also_o dunlop_n and_o some_o other_o be_v hang_v for_o offer_v themselves_o to_o be_v false_a witness_n albeit_o they_o do_v not_o actual_o depon_n because_o they_o be_v not_o receive_v
to_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o a_o party_n have_v make_v his_o antagonist_n absolute_o judge_n of_o his_o own_o cause_n he_o have_v as_o it_o be_v submit_v to_o he_o &_o juramentum_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la ultimum_fw-la refugium_fw-la and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o case_n decide_v per._n l._n 2._o c._n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la credit_n religionem_fw-la contemptam_fw-la juramenti_fw-la satis_fw-la deum_fw-la habet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la sed_fw-la majestatis_fw-la crimen_fw-la vel_fw-la periculum_fw-la corporis_fw-la &_o si_fw-la per_fw-la principis_fw-la venerationem_fw-la quodam_fw-la calore_fw-la fuerit_fw-la perjeratum_fw-la inferri_fw-la non_fw-la placet_fw-la for_o in_o the_o immediate_o precede_v law_n it_o be_v say_v that_o causa_fw-la jure_fw-la jurando_fw-la ex_fw-la consensu_fw-la utriusque_fw-la partis_fw-la delato_fw-la decisa_fw-la nec_fw-la perjurii_fw-la praetextu_fw-la retractari_fw-la potest_fw-la so_o that_o add_v both_o law_n together_o the_o sense_n be_v that_o when_o the_o cause_n be_v refer_v to_o any_o party_n oath_n it_o be_v decide_v conform_v thereto_o that_o decision_n can_v neither_o be_v retract_v upon_o pretext_n of_o perjury_n nor_o can_v the_o perjurer_n be_v corporal_o punish_v and_o this_o seem_v a_o much_o more_o reasonable_a answer_n than_o those_o many_o give_v by_o the_o doctor_n but_o yet_o i_o can_v assent_v to_o the_o conclusion_n itself_o nor_o be_v it_o at_o all_o conform_a to_o our_o law_n nor_o perhaps_o to_o reason_n for_o interest_n and_o avarice_n be_v sufficient_a bait_n to_o perjury_n though_o impunity_n be_v not_o thereto_o add_v and_o when_o the_o party_n defer_v a_o oath_n he_o intend_v thereby_o to_o submit_v final_o to_o he_o to_o who_o the_o famine_n be_v defer_v but_o not_o so_o but_o that_o if_o thereafter_o the_o sweaâ—er_n shall_v be_v find_v perjure_a he_o may_v be_v still_o challenge_v nor_o perhaps_o will_v he_o have_v defer_v the_o oath_n if_o he_o have_v not_o conclude_v himself_o secure_a as_o to_o what_o shall_v be_v depone_v not_o only_o out_o of_o respect_n to_o religion_n but_o likewise_o because_o of_o the_o hazard_n of_o perjury_n and_o see_v in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v mendacium_fw-la juramento_fw-la affirmatum_fw-la i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v perjury_n be_v there_o any_o ground_n why_o at_o least_o his_o majesty_n be_v advocate_n shall_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o pursue_v it_o for_o the_o reason_n which_o be_v urge_v for_o the_o speciality_n in_o it_o cease_v in_o he_o and_o as_o there_o be_v no_o decision_n in_o favour_n of_o clarus_n his_o opinion_n in_o our_o law_n so_o in_o mr._n james_n row'_v and_o other_o case_n where_o this_o may_v have_v be_v propon_v this_o defence_n be_v never_o propon_v yet_o in_o some_o case_n the_o deponer_n in_o juramento_fw-la delato_fw-la crave_v that_o the_o lord_n may_v declare_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v liable_a for_o perjury_n when_o any_o oath_n be_v necessary_o so_o defer_v to_o he_o which_o the_o lord_n in_o some_o case_n use_v to_o grant_v as_o in_o facto_fw-la antiquo_fw-la and_o by_o so_o do_v they_o show_v that_o perjury_n be_v punishable_a regulariter_fw-la even_o in_o he_o to_o who_o a_o oath_n be_v defer_v but_o i_o believe_v that_o the_o doctor_n have_v more_o just_o conclude_v that_o where_o a_o oath_n be_v defer_v in_o criminal_n though_o the_o panel_n need_v not_o swear_v yet_o if_o he_o do_v swear_v he_o be_v not_o punishable_a as_o a_o perjure_a person_n though_o he_o swear_v false_o quia_fw-la licet_fw-la cuique_fw-la suum_fw-la redimere_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la clar._n num_fw-la 12._o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v debate_v that_o this_o hold_v not_o with_o we_o in_o usury_n and_o other_o case_n because_o there_o the_o law_n obliedge_v he_o to_o give_v his_o oath_n and_o matheus_n do_v think_v that_o it_o shall_v in_o no_o case_n but_o rather_o that_o the_o perjurer_n shall_v there_o be_v punish_v with_o a_o double_a punishment_n both_o for_o conceal_v the_o crime_n and_o also_o perjure_v himself_o and_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o this_o be_v rather_o punishable_a then_o ordinary_a perjury_n because_o the_o defender_n need_v not_o swear_v and_o be_v in_o no_o hazard_n by_o not_o swear_v and_o the_o less_o the_o temptation_n be_v the_o sin_n be_v always_o the_o great_a nor_o need_v the_o defender_n redeem_v his_o own_o blood_n by_o swear_v as_o be_v pretend_v or_o at_o least_o licet_fw-la hoc_fw-la liceat_fw-la licere_fw-la tam_fw-la debet_fw-la per_fw-la modum_fw-la licitum_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la perjurio_fw-la vi_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v doubt_v in_o some_o case_n whether_o the_o violation_n of_o a_o oath_n do_v infer_v perjury_n as_o when_o a_o judge_n give_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o shall_v administrat_fw-la justice_n impartial_o or_o a_o advocate_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v honest_a in_o his_o employment_n without_o discover_v his_o client_n secret_a or_o betray_v his_o business_n if_o that_o judge_n take_v money_n as_o a_o bribe_n or_o that_o advocate_n thereafter_o prevaricate_a may_v be_v upon_o these_o account_n pursue_v for_o perjury_n and_o this_o be_v i_o remember_v controvert_v in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n officer_n of_o state_n who_o be_v pursue_v upon_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o queen_n mary_n for_o perjury_n because_o he_o be_v allege_v to_o have_v take_v money_n from_o the_o defender_n in_o case_n wherein_o they_o be_v pursue_v at_o his_o majesty_n instance_n and_o that_o this_o can_v not_o infer_v perjury_n be_v argue_v from_o this_o that_o our_o law_n have_v make_v some_o particular_a statute_n as_o to_o perjury_n it_o design_v thereby_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n shall_v not_o in_o this_o crime_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o see_v it_o have_v only_o punish_v perjury_n in_o the_o case_n of_o witness_n assizer_n and_o bigamy_n it_o do_v clear_o follow_v that_o perjury_n deum_fw-la tantum_fw-la habet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la in_o all_o other_o case_n 2._o if_o perjury_n be_v punishable_a in_o this_o case_n tutor_n and_o executor_n who_o find_v caution_n may_v be_v always_o punish_v for_o perjury_n where_o they_o be_v pursuable_a for_o maladministration_n which_o be_v absurd_a and_o be_v never_o practise_v in_o any_o nation_n 3._o when_o such_o oath_n as_o these_o be_v give_v these_o word_n as_o you_o shall_v answer_v to_o god_n be_v ordinary_o adject_v rather_o to_o impress_v a_o fear_n of_o the_o deity_n upon_o the_o swearer_n than_o to_o subject_v he_o by_o the_o oath_n to_o the_o hazard_n of_o perjury_n and_o the_o fear_n of_o perjury_n be_v neither_o thought_n upon_o consider_v by_o the_o administrator_n nor_o the_o swearer_n so_o that_o non_fw-fr de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la agitur_fw-la at_o that_o time_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v always_o look_v to_o in_o punish_v of_o crime_n 4._o if_o consequential_a perjury_n have_v be_v punishable_a as_o formal_a perjury_n there_o need_v no_o act_n to_o have_v be_v make_v declare_v that_o bigamy_n shall_v be_v repute_n and_o punish_v as_o perjury_n see_v it_o be_v such_o by_o consequence_n before_o that_o act._n for_o the_o better_a clear_n of_o this_o case_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o divide_v perjury_n in_o formal_a and_o consequential_a perjury_n and_o to_o conclude_v that_o formal_a perjury_n which_o be_v in_o these_o case_n declare_v perjury_n by_o a_o express_a act_n shall_v be_v punishable_a as_o a_o crime_n but_o that_o consequential_a perjury_n as_o may_v be_v instance_a in_o the_o case_n above-written_a shall_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o crime_n but_o as_o a_o aggravation_n for_o see_v in_o these_o the_o perjurer_n do_v not_o formal_o design_n to_o commit_v perjury_n be_v be_v not_o very_o rational_a to_o think_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o formal_a punishment_n of_o that_o crime_n which_o distinction_n i_o find_v likewise_o allow_v by_o the_o civilian_n for_o albeit_o formal_a perjury_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o banishment_n and_o infamy_n yet_o if_o any_o man_n die_v by_o that_o perjury_n as_o in_o false-witnessing_a in_o capital_a crime_n the_o perjury_n be_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la punishable_a by_o death_n and_o if_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o treason_n it_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n margaret_z wood_n be_v in_o february_n 1631._o pursue_v for_o have_v perjure_v herself_o as_o a_o false_a witness_n in_o so_o far_o as_o she_o have_v be_v cite_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o examine_v by_o they_o she_o have_v depone_v many_o false_a thing_n against_o the_o laird_n of_o pitcaple_n and_o richard_n mowat_n against_o which_o pursuit_n it_o be_v allege_v for_o she_o 1._o that_o she_o can_v not_o be_v pursue_v as_o a_o false_a witness_n because_o a_o woman_n in_o our_o law_n can_v be_v a_o witness_n and_o consequent_o she_o can_v be_v a_o false_a witness_n 2._o she_o do_v not_o depon_n upon_o oath_n before_o the_o council_n and_o consequent_o she_o can_v be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n since_o nemo_fw-la
without_o insert_v any_o part_n of_o the_o process_n in_o the_o journal_n book_n wherein_o also_o i_o find_v that_o malefactor_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v execute_v very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n for_o bestiality_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o confession_n of_o one_o who_o assert_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o commit_v that_o crime_n be_v a_o curiosity_n he_o contract_v at_o his_o see_v one_o execute_v for_o it_o and_o in_o such_o crime_n no_o man_n needs_o to_o be_v deter_v nor_o wâ—ll_n terror_n restrain_v he_o who_o nature_n can_v since_o than_o execution_n for_o some_o crime_n incite_v some_o to_o curiosity_n and_o vex_v other_o with_o horror_n and_o be_v necessary_a to_o none_o some_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o punish_v private_o then_o public_o and_o thus_o such_o person_n as_o be_v popular_a and_o be_v execute_v only_o for_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o people_n have_v a_o kindness_n will_v be_v more_o happy_o execute_v private_o then_o public_o because_o the_o person_n execute_v be_v by_o public_a execution_n obleidge_v to_o die_v rebellious_o and_o the_o people_n be_v confirm_v in_o their_o good_a opinion_n of_o they_o by_o their_o courage_n at_o death_n ii_o constantine_n do_v forbid_v that_o any_o malefactor_n shall_v be_v crucify_v and_o this_o he_o do_v because_o of_o his_o respect_n to_o the_o cross_n he_o likewise_o do_v forbid_v to_o stigmatize_v the_o face_n l._n 17._o c._n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la because_o the_o face_n be_v god_n image_n martyrus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o banishment_n be_v not_o lawful_a lest_o the_o person_n so_o punish_v shall_v be_v force_v to_o live_v among_o turk_n and_o other_o by_o who_o he_o may_v become_v more_o flagitious_a then_o former_o and_o i_o have_v oft_o think_v it_o inhuman_a to_o send_v our_o malefactor_n to_o our_o neighbour_n and_o imprudent_a because_o it_o will_v occasion_v the_o send_n of_o they_o from_o home_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v likewise_o trouble_v with_o such_o as_o they_o have_v banish_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o correction-house_n will_v be_v both_o safe_a and_o more_o advantageous_a for_o in_o these_o they_o may_v serve_v the_o public_a who_o they_o have_v offend_v but_o with_o we_o no_o judge_n can_v confine_v a_o man_n who_o he_o banish_v to_o any_o place_n without_o his_o jurisdiction_n because_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o other_o country_n and_o so_o can_v make_v any_o act_n nor_o pronounce_v any_o sentence_n relative_a to_o they_o torture_v punishment_n at_o death_n be_v also_o very_o inexcusable_a for_o they_o ofttimes_o occasion_v blasphemy_n in_o the_o die_a malefactor_n and_o so_o damn_v both_o soul_n and_o body_n whereas_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o leave_v quiet_o this_o earth_n and_o go_v in_o peace_n to_o the_o region_n of_o peace_n nor_o do_v these_o terrify_v other_o from_o the_o like_a offence_n for_o these_o who_o fear_v not_o death_n will_v fear_v nothing_o iii_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o the_o civilian_n that_o no_o man_n can_v obliedge_v himself_o to_o any_o thing_n under_o a_o corporal_a pain_n quia_fw-la nemo_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la suorum_fw-la membrorum_fw-la but_o with_o we_o it_o be_v most_o ordinary_a for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n to_o obliedge_v himself_o never_o to_o return_v to_o scotland_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n thus_o hamiltoun_n be_v hang_v anno_fw-la 1649._o for_o return_v to_o scotland_n after_o she_o haâ—_n enact_v herself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o her_o dittay_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o that_o contravention_n and_o certain_o contempt_n be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a guilt_n may_v make_v a_o crime_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a become_v so_o and_o this_o contravention_n imply_v in_o effect_n paenam_fw-la effracti_fw-la carceris_fw-la which_o be_v ofttimes_o capital_a so_o that_o though_o a_o person_n can_v bind_v himself_o when_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o no_o crime_n to_o perform_v any_o thing_n under_o pain_n of_o life_n or_o limb_n yet_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n he_o may_v consent_v and_o enact_v himself_o as_o say_v be_v iv._o whether_o when_o law_n allow_v a_o judge_n a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o punish_v that_o judge_n may_v inflict_v death_n in_o that_o case_n be_v much_o controvert_v chassan_n and_o socin_n think_v that_o he_o can_v and_o this_o seem_v clear_a 1.4_o qui_fw-la vexant_fw-la annonam_fw-la debent_fw-la puniri_fw-la extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la animae_fw-la amissione_n inst._n the_o publ_n ind_z and_o pappon_o relate_v a_o decision_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n find_v that_o it_o can_v not_o 2._o this_o will_v make_v judge_n very_o arbitrary_a and_o render_v the_o life_n and_o fortoun_n of_o the_o liege_n very_o unsecure_a 3._o see_v lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o without_o a_o express_a law_n it_o seem_v very_o consequential_a to_o this_o that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o upon_o so_o general_a a_o law_n 4._o by_o the_o 20._o act_n parl._n 1_o sess._n 1._o ch._n 2._o death_n and_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v oppose_v for_o these_o who_o have_v pass_v sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n beat_v or_o curse_v parent_n be_v ordain_v to_o die_v but_o if_o they_o be_v within_o sixteen_o and_o past_a pupilarity_n they_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v arbitrar_o punish_v whereas_o if_o arbitrary_a punishment_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n this_o difference_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a and_o the_o law_n thereby_o evacuat_a and_o by_o the_o 5._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 6._o the_o punishment_n of_o say_v and_o hear_v mess_n be_v escheat_v of_o their_o good_n and_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n of_o their_o person_n for_o the_o first_o fault_n banishment_n for_o the_o second_o and_o death_n for_o the_o three_o so_o that_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o less_o than_o death_n else_o the_o first_o fault_n shall_v be_v as_o seveer_o punish_v as_o the_o three_o against_o both_o the_o principal_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o design_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 5._o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v appoint_v ordinary_o for_o so_o mean_a and_o inconsiderable_a fault_n that_o it_o be_v inhuman_a to_o think_v that_o these_o can_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n skeen_n also_o de_fw-fr verb._n sig_n verb._n iter_fw-la say_v that_o if_o the_o panel_n come_v in_o will_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o justice_n to_o fine_v he_o according_a to_o his_o offence_n but_o he_o speak_v not_o there_o of_o his_o power_n to_o inflâ—ct_v death_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o yet_o skeen_n ad_fw-la cap._n 6._o l._n malcolimbi_fw-la vers_fw-la 2._o wherein_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o marischal_n and_o constable_n shall_v punish_v offender_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n observe_v that_o paena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la may_v be_v sometime_o extend_v to_o death_n because_o of_o the_o aggradge_v circumstance_n and_o cite_v for_o this_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr priv_n delict_n &_o 16._o de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la but_o these_o law_n be_v ill_o cite_v as_o will_v appear_v by_o read_v they_o when_o the_o pain_n be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n arbitrary_a and_o the_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n he_o must_v present_o find_v caution_n to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n will_v betwixt_o and_o such_o a_o day_n this_o be_v the_o constant_a custom_n and_o be_v practise_v the_o 22._o of_o november_n 1600._o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la patrick_n mc._n creif_n and_o other_o but_o where_o the_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o a_o express_a and_o determinat_fw-la punishment_n there_o though_o a_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v receive_v and_o thus_o the_o marquis_n of_o argile_n be_v pursue_v before_o the_o parliament_n for_o treason_n offer_v to_o come_v in_o will_n but_o his_o submission_n be_v not_o accept_v v._o it_o be_v uncontravert_v with_o we_o if_o when_o any_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n the_o movable_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n though_o the_o act_n bear_v not_o that_o the_o crime_n shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o movable_n and_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n proscriptus_fw-la eratis_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la expressim_fw-la confiscabantur_fw-la damnatus_fw-la vero_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la tacit_a publicatio_fw-la enim_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sequebatur_fw-la tacit_a paenam_fw-la capitalem_fw-la matheus_n cap._n 2._o de_fw-la sicartis_fw-la num_fw-la 2._o and_o albeit_o the_o judge_n shall_v omit_v in_o his_o sentence_n the_o punishment_n due_a by_o law_n yet_o ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la there_o be_v by_o the_o damnation_n jus_o quaesitum_fw-la fisco_fw-la as_o be_v find_v after_o a_o large_a debate_n in_o the_o case_n of_o wauch_n who_o be_v a_o land_a man_n find_v guilty_a of_o theft_n though_o he_o be_v only_o fine_v by_o the_o sheriff_n in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n yet_o the_o donator_n to_o the_o escheat_n be_v find_v to_o have_v
its_o own_o nature_n punishable_a by_o death_n 3._o by_o the_o 82._o act_n i._o 6._o p._n 11._o stealer_n of_o pleugh_n graith_n or_o breaker_n of_o miâ—nes_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v therefore_o to_o the_o death_n as_o thief_n but_o because_o our_o practic_n be_v in_o this_o a_o little_a arbitrary_a and_o uncertain_a it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o theft_n in_o scotland_n be_v either_o pursue_v by_o accusation_n which_o be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o private_a accuser_n or_o by_o way_n of_o indictment_n which_o be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a if_o the_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a by_o way_n of_o accusation_n it_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o baron_n have_v power_n of_o pitt_n and_o gallow_n or_o as_o our_o charter_n call_v foffa_o &_o furca_fw-la or_o by_o sheriff_n but_o if_o it_o be_v pursue_v by_o way_n of_o indictment_n the_o cognition_n thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o justice_n reg._n maj._n cap._n 1._o num._n 7._o but_o this_o distinction_n be_v not_o well_o observe_v for_o the_o sheriff_n do_v proceed_v to_o judge_v theft_n even_o by_o citation_n &_o though_o the_o thief_n be_v not_o take_v with_o with_o the_o fang_n which_o be_v certain_o a_o error_n for_o all_o process_n upon_o citation_n against_o a_o thief_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o justice_n viii_o in_o the_o procedor_fw-la before_o these_o inferior_a court_n they_o do_v not_o condemn_v to_o death_n except_o upon_o three_o theft_n or_o that_o the_o person_n be_v take_v with_o fang_n and_o he_o be_v likewise_o famosus_fw-la fur_n as_o to_o the_o three_o theft_n i_o find_v no_o express_a law_n for_o it_o only_o stat_fw-la da._n 2._o cap._n 17._o where_o it_o be_v say_v if_o a_o thief_n be_v defame_v at_o three_o baron_n court_n and_o want_v a_o pledge_n or_o cautioner_n than_o he_o may_v be_v hang_v or_o if_o he_o be_v defame_v and_o cite_v in_o two_o court_n or_o in_o one_o and_o be_v of_o ill_a fame_n likewise_o or_o as_o we_o say_v there_o be_v public_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n that_o he_o be_v a_o thief_n than_o he_o may_v be_v hang_v but_o simple_a fame_n be_v say_v there_o not_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o infer_v death_n except_o that_o ill_a fame_n be_v find_v by_o a_o assize_n upon_o oath_n yet_o this_o be_v now_o absolet_n for_o fame_n be_v in_o no_o case_n sufficient_a to_o infer_v death_n as_o to_o the_o three_o theft_n i_o find_v the_o civilian_n relate_v that_o the_o three_o theâ—t_n by_o the_o statutory_a law_n of_o most_o place_n be_v capital_a and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o good_a reason_n for_o he_o who_o be_v oft_o find_v commit_v the_o same_o crime_n be_v presume_v by_o the_o law_n to_o design_n to_o make_v it_o a_o trade_n ang._n ad_fw-la l._n 8._o devi_fw-la publica_fw-la where_o the_o commit_n of_o theft_n twice_o infer_v this_o presumption_n the_o law_n of_o holland_n provide_v that_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o the_o three_o theft_n except_o it_o seem_v otherways_o just_a to_o the_o judge_n because_o of_o his_o age_n or_o any_o other_o pregnant_a reason_n and_o ordinary_o three_o small_a theft_n be_v by_o matheus_n say_v not_o to_o be_v construe_v such_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o holland_n as_o deserve_v death_n the_o civilian_n do_v upon_o supposition_n that_o the_o three_o theft_n be_v capital_a conclude_v that_o these_o three_o theft_n shall_v be_v distinct_a even_o as_o to_o to_o the_o time_n and_o that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n for_o the_o three_o theft_n though_o he_o have_v be_v former_o punish_v for_o both_o the_o other_o two_o or_o though_o the_o former_a two_o have_v be_v remit_v to_o he_o by_o the_o prince_n and_o albeit_o they_o use_v many_o distinction_n for_o clear_v whether_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o the_o three_o theft_n where_o the_o first_o two_o be_v not_o commit_v within_o his_o territory_n or_o jurisdiction_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v punish_v by_o he_o yet_o since_o capital_a punishment_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o a_o statute_n against_o the_o three_o theft_n but_o that_o the_o three_o theft_n be_v only_o punishable_a with_o death_n because_o the_o committer_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v irreclaimable_a therefore_o i_o think_v that_o where_o ever_o the_o theft_n be_v commit_v yet_o for_o the_o three_o theft_n the_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o express_a statute_n for_o that_o with_o we_o yet_o see_v gomesius_n chasaneus_n and_o other_o famous_a lawyer_n attest_v this_o to_o be_v the_o general_a custom_n of_o the_o world_n i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v follow_v by_o our_o sheriff_n and_o inferior_a judge_n who_o be_v determine_v by_o that_o number_n have_v some_o certain_a rule_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v both_o limit_v and_o warrand_v which_o be_v much_o safe_a than_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v allow_v scop_n to_o break_v out_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o either_o cruelty_n or_o cowardliness_n the_o law_n of_o england_n divide_v theft_n or_o larcenry_n into_o petty_a larcenry_n when_o the_o thing_n steal_v exceed_v not_o twelve_o penny_n and_o its_o punishment_n extend_v not_o to_o death_n and_o grand_a larcenry_n when_o it_o exceed_v twelve_o penny_n wherein_o the_o thief_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n except_o he_o be_v save_v by_o the_o book_n and_o if_o one_o steal_v to_o the_o value_n of_o six_o penny_n at_o one_o time_n and_o six_o penny_n at_o another_o time_n than_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o death_n but_o if_o two_o steal_v to_o the_o value_n of_o eighten_v penny_n joint_o each_o be_v guilty_a common_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n of_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thief_n be_v likewise_o a_o good_a ground_n of_o make_v theft_n puishable_a by_o death_n the_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o the_o fang_n &_o high_a fures_fw-la famosi_fw-la sive_fw-la infamati_fw-la de_fw-la pluribus_fw-la furtis_fw-la be_v ordinary_o hang_v likewise_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o clarus_n num._n 8._o hoc_fw-la tit_n menoch_n arbitrariis_fw-la casu_fw-la 295._o and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o witness_n depon_n of_o their_o credulity_n and_o that_o they_o be_v inform_v by_o other_o our_o law_n call_v such_o de_fw-fr famiati_fw-la de_fw-fr latrocinio_fw-la and_o if_o he_o can_v find_v caution_n the_o old_a law_n appoint_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v proceed_v against_o as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o prove_v thief_n for_o latro_fw-la defamatus_fw-la &_o latro_fw-la probatus_fw-la be_v still_o aequipollent_a in_o our_o law_n but_o i_o think_v these_o law_n too_o severe_a and_o they_o be_v not_o in_o use_n ix_o as_o to_o the_o procedor_fw-la of_o the_o justice_n it_o be_v because_o their_o power_n be_v more_o eminent_a that_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v more_o arbitrary_a but_o i_o think_v the_o distinction_n allow_v by_o civilian_n will_v be_v very_o reasonable_a which_o be_v that_o in_o furto_fw-la simplici_fw-la in_o simple_a theft_n the_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v never_o be_v impose_v but_o in_o qualify_a theft_n if_o the_o quality_n be_v such_o as_o agredge_v the_o crime_n very_o much_o which_o aggravation_n be_v either_o take_v from_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o be_v steal_v as_o in_o our_o statute_n the_o stealer_n of_o pleugh-graith_a cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o pleugh_n and_o pleugh-graith_a in_o the_o time_n of_o tell_v and_o cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o grow_a tree_n or_o breaker_n of_o milnes_n or_o of_o lead_v coâ—ns_n or_o fuel_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v to_o the_o death_n as_o thief_n 82._o act._n 11._o p._n i._n 6_o and_o hocheâ—s_n and_o killer_n of_o ox_n horse_n and_o other_o cattle_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o moveable_n as_o well_o committer_n as_o recepter_n act._n 110._o p._n ja._n 6._o and_o upon_o this_o act_n be_v hang_v for_o kill_v drumlanerk_n sheep_n 20._o feb._n 1666._o albeit_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o that_o act_n be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o labour_a cattle_n nota_fw-la this_o be_v a_o case_n wherein_o theft_n may_v be_v commit_v without_o carry_v any_o thing_n away_o for_o the_o do_v of_o these_o wrong_n without_o carry_v away_o the_o thing_n wrong_v be_v constant_o declare_v to_o be_v theft_n &_o per_fw-la constitutionem_fw-la frederici_fw-la secundi_fw-la de_fw-la stat_fw-la §_o agricultores_fw-la the_o steal_a pleugh_n graith_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o particular_a crime_n x._o herdship_n likewise_o which_o be_v the_o driving_z away_o a_o great_a many_o cattle_n call_v by_o the_o civilian_n crimen_fw-la abigeatus_fw-la be_v likewise_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o particular_o by_o we_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o though_o lex_fw-la prima_fw-la dig_v de_fw-fr abigeat_fw-la say_v that_o abigei_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la dentur_fw-la yet_o matheus_n do_v interpret_v that_o not_o to_o be_v mean_v de_fw-fr ultimo_fw-la supplicio_fw-la but_o only_o de_fw-fr ludo_fw-la gladiatorio_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v l