Church and not by virtue of any power or authority that is placed in any Officer or company of Ministers whatsoever to give him lawful power to Officiate as a Minister of Christ that otherwise wanted a lawful authority so to do My Reasons are First I find hands laid on them that neither wanted an Office nor a sufficient Call to the exercise of it upon their setting forth from the Church to preach the Gospel abroad in the world Acts 12.3 Secondly I find that whose hath gifts to Preach may lawfully use them 1 Pet. 4.10 11. and yet this seems to be the greatest work of an Apostle of Christ Compare 1 Cor. 1.14 17. with 9.16 17. And I can find no warrant for Churches or Ministers to commit a Pastoral charge to any man but such an one as is a known apt and able Preacher 1 Tim. 3.2 Tit. 1.9 which cannot well be except he be frequently found in the work of Preaching and therefore my judgement is that the work of the Ministry is not bound to a Minister although a Minister be bound to his work Acts 20.28 Q. You said a little before that Baptism belonged to such as believe and repent Let us understand what that Ordinance is and wherein it will profit us A. It is a Burial in Water in the Name of the Father Son Holy Spirit to signifie Death Burial and Resurrection that as Christ died for us and rose from the Grave so we that believe shall rise by means of his Death to inherit eternal life and shall receive grace through his Death to kill sin and quicken us to walk in newness of life 1 Cor. 15.29 Rom. 6.3 4. Q. Since you say Believers shall rise to inherit eternal Life shall no others rise from the grave again A. Yea although all shall not rise to glory yet Christ having Redeemed them from the Curse of the Law it is impossible the Grave can detain them for ever but first or last both good and bad shall rise again John 5.28 29. 1 Cor. 15.21 22. Q. Do not all the dead good and bad rise at once A. No the faithful rise to enjoy a glorious Kingdom with Christ a thousand years before the wicked world shall rise again 1 Thes 4.16 Rev. 20.3 4 5 6. yet shall they at last rise to receive the sentence of condemnation Dan. 12.2 John 5.29 Q. What think you of the Spirit or Inward-man Doth that more excellent part die with the Body or what state is it in till the Resurrection A. What its injoyments are or in what place or places their Spirits remain I shall not say and I would no man would say more in the case than he can clearly prove to raise fruitless contention but this much is clear That the Spirits of men do live when the Body is dead and are capable of enjoying more communion with Christ than while they remained in the Body 2 Cor. 5.6 8 9. and 12.2 3 4. Phil. 1.21 22 23 24. Mat. 10.28 Luke 9.30 31. and what I have seen urged to the contrary wants strength and clearness but Controversie becomes not a Catechism Q. Is the Spirit taken out of the Body to the estate it shall for ever remain in as some think and the Body never rise out of the dust again A. Although the fore-named Texts be full of authority to prove that that very Body that dies and is laid in the dust shall rise again yet I for a further proof commend to consideration 1 Cor. 15. Job 19.25 26 27. These places can admit of no other Interpretation Q. Will you speak to the Ordinance of Laying on of Hands in what cases it is appointed A. It seems to me to be appointed in several cases First for the blessing of the Lord on Church Members for the gifts and increase of the Spirit that they may grow useful in and to the Body the Church Acts 8.15 16 17 18 19 20. and 19.2 6 7. 1 Cor. 12.14 and 1.12 And being reckoned among the Principles Heb. 6.1 2. I cannot see but Principles of Religion must belong to all that are Religious Q. But those Texts in the Acts speak of the gift of Tongues given by this Ordinance Is it to be practised for that end A. Hands are to be laid on for what Gifts it pleaseth the Holy Spirit to give 1 Cor. 12.11 for however it pleased the Lord to give those gifts that were more than ordinary in the use of it sometime in that day yet it seems to be more the design of the Lord for the advancement of the Gospel in that day than the end of that Institution and the Gift might exceed the expectation of the Administrator or the Receiver its like if we consider 2 Tim. 1.6 7. 1 Cor. 12. and 14 Chapters It can no more be proved that it was appointed for such an end than it can be proved that Preaching the Gospel was appointed for that end yet it pleased the Lord to appear as far in the one of those Ordinances as in the other of them in that day Acts 10.46 But if there be any ground to expect those gifts that are more than ordinary in the use of any means or duties incumbant upon us it may rather be expected from Believing Repentance or Baptism than from Laying on of Hands Mark 16.17 18. Acts 2.38 Q. In what other cases is this Ordinance appointed A. In the setting apart Church Officers to their Ministry for the further assistance of the Holy Spirit to supply them with help for the discharge of their great work Acts 6.6 1 Tim. 4.14 as likewise for healing the sick Mark 16.18 Acts 28.8 9. Q. But is it not appointed for Children likewise that they may receive a blessing from Christ A. I cannot say there is any appointment by way of command for it to them if our Lords example Mat. 19.13 14 15. Mark 10.13 14 15 16. be not a sufficient warrant to his Ministers to bless in his Name as his Ministers of old did Deut. 10.8 Numb 6.23 to 27. There is no other warrant that I know of I shall therefore leave it to consideration Q. But is there not an Ordinance of Annointing appointed for the sick Members of the Church A. Yea and the manner directed and precious Promises annexed to the upright and faithful performance of that duty Jam. 5.14 15 16. Q. What is the right manner of receiving the Lords Supper A. The worst of men do acknowledge that the persons receiving must be qualified with Faith and Repentance thankfulness to God and charity to men I need not prove that Let not such men as confess that rise up in judgement against us But what I shall say is to the time which is plainly signified to be at night after our own supper is lovingly eaten together and therefore are they reprehended that are their own supper before their poor brethren came to eat with them 1 Cor. 11.21 22 23 24 25. and are commanded
2.1 Eccles 7.29 Q. How bad doth Man appear to be now since the Fall A. So exceeding sinful that he of himself if left to himself would do no good 2 Cor. 3.5 Phil. 2.13 John 15.5 nor spare no evil but commit all iniquity with greediness Psal 14.2 3 4. Rom. 3.9 to 20. Sin having its rise or spring in the nature or heart of man Mat. 15.19 Job 14.4 and 15.14 16. Q. If all men be by Nature and of themselves thus vile how comes it to pass that many who are not born again are yet preserved from that high degree of abomination that according to some of those fore-named Texts the heart of man is let out unto A. Men may and are kept from much evil and carried forth to much good by the liberal distribution of common grace and sometimes by restraining grace Q. What call you restraining grace A. That is thus to be understood When God ordereth Providences so that persons are prevented and kept by his over-ruling hand from the evils that other-wayes they would do You have an Instance in the preservation of David from Saul when the Philistines Army took off Saul by a strong hand from pursuing Davids life And many discreet Parents by their good government and watchful eye over Children preserve them from many evils that otherwise they would run into These and other like Providences by which sin is prevented I call restraining grace Q. VVhat call you common grace A. That gracious work of the Spirit by which the generality of men are ordinarily followed and striven with Gen. 6.3 which although it may not prevail with multitudes to convert them yet may it carry them far into a reformation of life and usefulness to others The Scripture is full of Instances Joash Amaziah Vzziah Saul Herod himself with multitudes moe Yea many may go farre not in Profession only but so high in the Practice of Godliness as to Prophesie and cast out Devils in Christs Name who never were thorowly converted yet take themselves for Converts but will at last be disappointed Mat. 7.22 23. Q. VVhat proof is there that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments commonly received to be of Divine Authority are so indeed A. It is certainly a tried word Psal 12.6 and he that will faithfully obey it shall have sufficient proof of it in so doing according to John 7.16 17. See a fuller proof in the forementioned Book Q. Of what use are the holy Scriptures to us A. They are of such excellent use to us in so many respects that it is not easie to name but in general thus They are the only safe Rule of Faith and Life without any Tradition whatsoever giving safe direction and such comfort to the observers of them 2 Tim. 3.15 16 17. Mat. 15.9 Deut. 5.32 33. and 12.30 31 32. Q. Seeing man-kind do receive great benefit by the Mediator let us understand something of his worth by the Scriptures A. This Mediator of the New Covenant in the man Christ Jesus 1 Tim. 2.5 who for the excellency of his person even as he is Man is the only choice piece in all the workmanship of God and in respect of his Spirit or inward Man the first of all the Creation Heb. 1.3 4. Col. 1.15 16 17. which lived in glory with God the Father before any other of his Works had a being Prov. 8.22 to 30. John 17.5 and was sent from Heaven to take upon him our nature Heb. 2.14 16 17. and in respect of his body flesh or outward-man he was begotten conceived and brought forth between the most high and omnipotent Spirit and a Virgin without all spot or stain of sin Luke 1.35 Isa 7.14 1 Pet. 1.19 Q. Think you he was no more but a creature although the most excellent of the Creation A. I believe if he had been but a meer creature the work he came for would have been too hard for him But he was possessed filled or anointed with the fulness of the Godhead according to the Scriptures Psal 45.7 Col. 2.3 9. 1 Tim. 3.16 See the excellency of his Person set forth and argued more at large in my Book called Means to prevent perishing Q. Wherefore was it necessary for this most excellent Spirit of Christ to receive a truly humane body of flesh A. That he might die according to the Scriptures Isa 53.7 8 9. Dan. 9.26 Q. What did his Death effect for us A. Our Redemption is effected thereby Rev. 5.9 Gal. 3.13 Q. What sort of men are redeemed A. All Mankind without exception of any Q. Are all effectually redeemed Believers and unbelievers alike without any difference A. Yea believing makes not a man to be ever the more redeemed nor unbelief makes him not to be the less redeemed for that is wrought out by Jesus Christ for all it dependeth upon the price of his Blood alone whether men believe or not Q. Had you not need to prove this point clearly seeing many learned men deny it As also because it is the great Wheel upon which all the curious parts and branches of the Gospel turn A. I will therefore lay down these fourteen Reasons to prove it 1. The Scripture in so many plain positive words asserteth it John 3.16 17. 12.47 2 Cor. 5.14 1 Tim. 2.4 5 6. Heb. 2.9 1 Joh. 2.2 2. There is not one Text in the whole Scripture that saith he died for no more but Believers or Elect persons Sheep or the like Neither can any Text be pressed to serve in that warfare but what may well be discharged of that Service and yet have a very clear and holy Interpretation allowed it every way according with Godliness 3. The Scriptures sometimes character or describe the Redeemed by such names and titles as do not at all agree to Chosen-ones or Saints distinct from the ungodly world but they bear these names Sinners Ungodly Enemies Unjust Rom. 5.6 8 10. 1 Pet. 3.18 and in those Texts mentioned in my first Reason they are called all men and every man and the world and the whole world Now these can be no meet titles for or descriptions of Redeemed-ones if the Elect distinct from the Reprobates were redeemed only 4. The work of the Ministry is the unworthiest service that any man can undertake if all men be not redeemed for whoever will preach the Gospel must offer Salvation to Sinners in Christs Name and upon the account of his Death call them to Repentance and press them to believing and an holy Conversation exhorting them and if cause be reproving them with all Authority Tit. 2. the whole Chapter But this can no man do to the satisfaction of his own conscience that doth not believe that they are redeemed that he thus exhorteth and reproveth for if his heart secretly tell him These Sinners how obstinate soever they seem to be can no way help it nor possibly be better if they be not redeemed as for ought I know they be not and if
not then have they more need of pity than reproof and if they meet with such as have wit enough to do it will soon tell them so and say How know you that I am redeemed and if not which way is it possible for me to be better is there any grace or strength but what is in Christ And if I have no share in his Blood I can never mend Your preaching nor my hearing without Christ's Blood can never change my heart This Objection can never be answered or removed But the only way both to resolve doubts and convince men of their evil ways is to prove that Christ died for all without exception 5. The Gospel exprest in the holy Scriptures is in it self a truth whoever doth or doth not believe it Now the Gospel likewise is to be preached unto all considered as men and as sinners without exception Mark 16.15 Col. 1.23 28. 1 Cor. 15.3 And the Gospel allowed of God to be preached to the world is good tydings great joy to all people peace and good things Luke 2.10 Rom. 10.15 But nothing of all this Gospel-grace can have sincerity and truth in it with respect to any of those men for whom Christ died not 6. The Scriptures declare that of them Christ hath bought some will perish 2 Pet. 2.1 and if so there is no reason to think that any are left without Redemption 7. The Scripture chargeth the guilt of sin upon the world for their unbelief and makes it the true cause of their condemnation John 16.9 2 Thes 2.10 11 12. A charge never to be made good but upon the account that they are Redeemed for without it they cannot be under the New Covenant nor the duties of it which requireth faith in the Lord Jesus but must needs still remain under the Old Covenant which requireth not that duty at any mans hand neither condemneth any man for the want of Faith in him 8. The holy Scriptures manifest that Christ hath obtained by his death Lordship and Dominion over all men and right of receiving honour from all men and power of Judging them for disobedience to his Gospel 2 Thes 1.8 Rom. 14.9 Now to have a just Title and Authority over the men by means of his death that he never died for is in all reason an utter impossibility 9. The Scriptures are most express in this Doctrine that God is no respecter of persons 2 Chron. 19.7 Acts 10.34 and yet doth he require faith repentance and obedience at all mens hands and yet without Christ all duties are impossible John 15.5 and also unprofitable Heb. 9.22 23. and therefore if Christ have not died for all men God must needs be of all others the greatest respecter of persons which he so earnestly professeth against in himself and condemneth in others 2 Chron. 19.6 7. Deut. 1.17 10. Unless Christ hath died for all men and by his blood opened a door for the renewing and saving of them it is impossible for a multitude of Texts to have any manner of truth in them at all namely such as do testifie his Love to all his Word and Oath that he would have men repent and believe and be saved and not die nor perish he saith he hath no pleasure in it no not in the death of the wicked no not of him that doth die saying VVhy will you die telling men they destroy themselves and put away eternal life and turn the grace of God into wantonness tread upon Christ and his blood and that he would have gathered them and they would not and oh that thou hadst known with many bowel-like expressions not to be numbred See some of them Psal 145.9 Ezek. 18.31 32. and 33.11 Hos 13.9 2 Pet. 3.9 1 Tim. 2.4 5 6 7. Acts 13.46 Jude 4. Heb. 10.29 Psal 81.11 12 13. Mat. 23.37 and many more speak the s ame language But it is impossible for them to have either truth or savour in them if Christ have not died for all men for there is no means whatsoever that God doth use or that man can use that can do him any good to work him to repentance or believing that Christ did not die for or that will save him if he could do both 11. Both the Scripture and works of God declare him to be gracious in himself and in his nature and disposition enclined to mercy Exod. 34.6 Jonah 4.2 Psal 19.1 Psal 86.15 with much more if need were But now if the world generally perish for want of Redemption except that little remnant of chosen ones it is altogether impossible that he can be according to this description Gracious But whereas James 2.13 saith Mercy rejoyceth against Judgment it would have been much more proper to have said Judgment rejoyceth against Mercy for nothing is more evident than this that God saveth no man but upon such tearms as do most abundantly maintain the honour of his Justice and if in condemning men he have not the same respect to the honour of his Mercy which cannot be without Redemption how is it possible that his Mercy should be commensurable to his Severity much less can it rejoyce against it therefore it is evident all are Redeemed 12. Seeing it is plain 1 Cor. 15.21 22. that by virtue of Christs coming all men rise from the dead he certainly hath redeemed them or else he came purposely to bring upon them that eternal misery which without him could never have befallen them Therefore they that deny Universal Redemption render Christ more a Destroyer of mankind than a Saviour of them contrary to the Scriptures Luke 9.56 John 12.47 13. The innocency and profitableness of this Doctrine speaks for the truth of it for as it agrees with the Atributes of God in general so it doth not degrade him of his power but it tendeth to shew that he will not use it unwisely nor cruelly and as it tendeth to encourage Faith and so Godliness in all so it no way ministreth any occasion or temptation to sin but rather it tells men that if they go on to sin and perish it is their own fault altogether 14. The contrary Doctrine manifestly tends to work doubts in mens minds whether they be Redeemed or no and so reckoneth their Faith and so their Godliness the fruit of Faith Q. Hath not Christ by Redemption purchased eternal life for all the Redeemed A. Yea in such a sence as God gave David Sauls House and his Wives for if he had liked to ahve had them nothing stood in the way to hinder him but in no other sense for Redemption is not Salvation although it be a sufficient means to effect it yet doth it not put any man into an absolute right thereof but a man without any dishonour to the work of Redemption may miss thereof Q. What is Redemption then and how may it be understood A. It is an absolute purchasing of us by the price of his own blood from under the curse of the Law Gal.