A SERMON Preach'd at the FUNERAL Of the RIGHT HONORABLE Sir MAVRICE EVSTACE Kt. Late Lord Chancelor OF IRELAND At St. Patrick's Dublin the fifth day of July 1665. Together with a short account of his Life and Death By W. S. B. D. sometimes Chaplain to his Lordship Memorare novissima in Aeternum non peccabis Seirach Dublin Printed by John Crook Printer to the Kings Most Excellent Maiesty and are to be sold by Sam. Dancer in Castle-street 1665. TO THE Most Reverend FATHER in GOD JAMES by Divine Providence Lord Archbishop of Armagh Primate and Metropolitane of all Ireland His Grace May it please Your Grace AS Your Graces Commands for publication of this ensuing Sermon has put it beyond my power to conceal that from your Eye which I thought very unwothy of your Ear though your Grace was pleas'd out of your great respect to my deceased Lord to Honor it with Your presence when it was deliverd so the small opinion I have of its worth and the no advantage which I am sure it will add to my reputation being designed for a Country Auditory where the Funeral was intended to be Selemnis'd forces me to prefix Your Graces Name unto it that I may not onely by its being own'd by Your Grace be secur'd from the many censures which I have cause to fear shall pass upon me but also that the thing it self may be render'd the more considerable and carry the greater authority with it I know my Lord Your Grace cannot be offended at this presumption because it makes for the vindicating of of a person who I am certain was no less Your Grace freind then Your Grace most justly deserv'd for that now your Grace has given the most convincing proofs of your Freindship by Your endeavouring seeing he cannot be his own compurgatour to wipe of that dirt which some 〈◊〉 out of malice and others for the supporting of their tottering interest bave cast upon him to which if what I have here said may give but the least assistance I have next unto your Graces pardon for this my confidence all I desire because I thereby discharge my duty unto my honored Lord and have this oportunity offer'd of publishing to the world that I own my self to be in the deepest sense of duty and gratitude imaginable May it please Your Grace August 22. 1665. Your Graces most obedient and most obliged Humble Servant William Sheridan 2 KINGS 20.1 ISA. 38.1 Set thy house in order for thou shalt dye and not live LIfe and Death are the two Poles on which all the Creatures rowl Life is the first act moveable and continual of the living thing and Death is the cessation of the same act And there is such a mutual successive change of the one into the other that the whole World has no other employment but to conform it self to their respective commands and Man himself though his soul be as it were a little god within him and therefore might be thought not to need any other help for the preservation of his being than what flows from his own essence yet lives not but by the groans of Creatures and they are forc'd to sacrifice their lives to preserve his yet at last he findes that the same day that lengthens his life in the morning shortens it in the evening and in the end he is reduced to the common fate of Mortals And God has decreed that this should be so because he hath designed man for noble things and ordained this life onely for a passage into another in which rewards and punishments are irreversibly adjudged with respect to his actings And being that Eternal happiness is the ultimate end which every man should propound to himself it ought to be his chief care to perform all that is requisite for the attainment thereof and that is to live and die well The latter whereof which does also implicitely comprehend the former cannot better be learnt than from the example of King Hezekiah to whom God sends a Message by the Prophet Isaiah admonishing him of his death in the words of the Text which does naturally divide it self into these two parts an Admonition and a Reason The Reason is first in order of nature Thou shalt dye and not live and the Admonition last Set thy house in order First of the Reason Thou shalt dye Where to omit speaking of the changeable state of our life now sick and now well now deliver'd out of one trouble and now entring into another which is the lot of all but especially of the godly otherwise Hezekiah might have pleaded an exemption I shall first enquire what death is yet not so as to seek an exact definition of it but to limit my Discourse with these particulars First its cause Secondly its effects Thirdly its attendants Which being discovered will assist us to conceive more rightly of it First then God is the cause of death though he did not in the first order of nature appoint it to have a place in our kind for notwithstanding that the body of man was of corruptible matter dust of the earth yet had he continued in his obedience the Tree of life as a supernatural remedy perhaps also as a Sacrament of the immediate communicating of life to mankinde had preserv'd him from death but in his secondary intention in case man should break his allegiance God ordained it as by the words Gen. 2.17 In the day thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely dye does appear for then came death by Gods appointment in right though not in event upon Adam and his whole off spring which is also confirm'd by S. Paul Rom. 5.12 By one man sin entred into the world and death by sin so that man was the wilful bringer in of death on himself by the permission and appointment of God who left him in the hands of his own choice to live by obedience or dye by sin Yet you are to take notice that this death is not in us as in other living creatures a final destruction of the soul nor is it fully understood by the names of sleep Joh. 11.13 1 Cor. 15.26 and of enemy given to it in scripture for they are not of its common and universal nature but are attributed unto it by way of similitude both in respect of our bodies which are in sleep as without sense and of the minde which does after sleep more freely exercise its functions as the minds of good men shall after the resurrection It is call'd an enemy for that it destroys the being of the Creature and is therefore hateful and hated even where no sin was as appears by our Saviours Agony before his death yet this enemy does Gods Saints a good turn for that it brings them to everlasting rest though that it does so is not from its self but from the grace of Christ Heb. 2.14 who by his death has overcome death and the Devil who had the power of
death But that description which the Wiseman gives of it does best express its nature where after he had set down the several incommodities and weaknesses of old age and coming to speak of the end of our life he saith Then shall the dust return to the earth Eccle. 12.7 as it was and the spirit shall return to God that gave it Whence it appears that death is the dissolution of the body and spirit before joyn'd together in one hypostasis they both remaining still the one in the matter of which it was made and the other in reserve with God from whom it came at first Secondly Its effects are these first It ends this life and all the thoughts actions and possibilities thereof The dead know not any thing neither have they any more a reward Eccl. 9.5 6. their love and their hatred and their envy is now perished neither have they any more a portion for ever in any thing that is done under the Sun And this is to be understood of Supernatural and Religious as well as of natural and civil actions and possibilities for this life is the day death brings the night wherein no man can work John 12. The wickedest man in the world is in this life convertible Heb. 10.27 but after death there is no more hope but a fearful looking for of judgement Secondly it begins an unchangeable state both to the g dly and to the wicked for that to the one 't is the end of all joy the beginning of sorrow an everlasting night the gate of hell the locking up of the door of comfort and a sad farewell for ever and ever with the joys of eternity But to the other it is a step to blessedness the close of mortality and as Seneca saith Transitus à labore ad refrigerium a passage from labour to rest from expectation to a reward from a combat to a Crown from death to life from faith to knowledge from a pilgrimage to a Countrey and from the world to a Father A gate of glory to the servant of God S. Bernard Greg. Naz. August Ambr. de bono mort A deposition of this burthen of flesh which presseth down the free soul And a journey to the city of God The Midwife and birth-day of a better life a rest from labour a death of misery and a burial of sin I cannot here though I have a fair temptation offer'd me insist longer in confuting the dream of Purgatory which the Romanists so stifly maintain that they will sooner renounce their share of heaven then quit their portion in that then while I tell you that it was first hatch'd by Plato in his Gorgias or Phaedo and afterwards adopted by the Council of Florence about 1400 years after the death of Christ during which time it suffer'd many Metamorphosies and Transmutations as it met with several Merchants Discredited by the Scriptures wherein some of their own side confess it has no ground thrust out of doors by the Greek Church and so much discountenanc'd by them that the Council of Basil published an Apologie directly disallowing the Roman Doctrine of Purgatory and how little they yet regard Pope Eugenius his pressing them to receive it is so notoriously known that it needs no further declaration and though it was entertained by some Ancients as a stranger yet it was but upon trial of its good behaviour and was never made a free Denizon by the Latines untill they found how profitable this Heathenish Brat was like to prove Neither the ancient forms of Prayer for the dead which were rather Commemorations or Thanksgivings or a convoy to accompany the Saints into Heaven or had reference to their secret Receptacles which too many Fathers favour'd but is diametrically oppos'd to Purgatory or to their publique acquittal at the day of judgement or to the Consummation of their happiness at the Resurrection or to the time of their transmigration out of this life Origin S. Ambr. S. Basil S. Hil. S. Hier. Lactan. which it seems we do not abhor from at our Anniversary Feasts of Christmas Easter and the like as if Christ were that day to be born to suffer or to rise again will warrant their Purgatory no nor the Purgatory fire in sundry Fathers by which they meant no other than the fire of Conflagration which shall consume this world through which they held Bibloh l. 5. annot 171. as Sixtus Senensis affirms from their own words that all men both good and bad should pass Christ Jesus onely excepted All this I say can no way prove their Purgatory especially seeing the Scriptures know no other purgation for sin John 1. Heb. 1. Rev. 14.13 Heb. 9.27 then the blood of Jesus Christ and calls none blessed but those that dye in the Lord for they rest from their labours and after death follows judgement that is the particular judgement of every individual at the hour of his departure and the general of all at the last day Where observe by the way that it is appointed for all men once to die yet the hour is uncertain and kept from us that we might beware of security and not defer our repentance to the last stage of our life when happily the custom of sinning shall have so hardned us that t is ten thousand to one whether we shall find place for repentance I shall not now dispute whether death may be hastned or prorogued because that if this were granted it would argue a mutability in Gods unchangeable decrees and yet if it were not the Scriptures would seem contradictitious to themselves as The blood thirsty man shall not live out half his days Psal 55.23 and this of Adding fifteen years to Hezekiahs life Onely this I shall make bold to offer by way of Solution of this difficulty and reconciliation of this seeming dissonancy of Scripture That without all doubt according to the course of nature many might live long who by intemperance and ungodliness cut off their days and many who are sometimes in mercy taken away before their time from future evils Yet this is not against Providence because that as it appoints the end so likewise in that appointment it foresees and includes the means leading thereunto otherwise the same Objections would be in force against prayers and the obedience of children to their Parents on which condition long life is promised Exod. 20. Now it onely remains to enquire Whether death be good or evil Which cannot be easily resolved without some distinction of some persons or some respects for Gods appointment is good the punishment of sin is like sin it self evil an enemy is neither loved nor lovely Sleep is no evil thing the entrance of life is desireable the determination of the life of grace is dreadful we must therefore before we can resolve the question know of whom and of whose death the demand is made for the death of the Righteous is to be
make their wills and to set their houses in order and such mine own experience findes to be amongst us do but either discover weakness of judgement or that which is yet worse a selfish design that the estate of the sick person for want of such timely disposals being divided into fractions by the claims of several pretenders they themselves might hope to fish in troubled waters and with the Dog in the Apologue run away with the bone while others are contending for it But to return to our purpose In the second place you are to take notice that it is not improbable but that the Prophet knew that Hezekiah was not unprovided for his soul Or Thirdly Perhaps the Scripture gives us here onely the sum or chief scope of his advice But whether this will satisfie or not yet this is most certrin that as our Saviour first bids Seek the Kingdom of God Matth. 6.33 so it ought to be our chiefest care for the attainment of that to order our souls and consciences aright because that imports more than all the world besides and every one is interested therein though every one has not outward estates and houses to settle and that the rather too because the Will cannot be made until the conscience be rightly inform'd for that some things may appear to be unjustly gotten which cannot be bequeathed but must be restor'd Wherefore if there be not some tolerable preparation of the Conscience before that must above all things be our first main care and business And all that is requisite to be done herein may be reduc'd to one of these two intentions First To bring a man to dye in the favour of God or Secondly To give a man comfort and assurance thereupon in the very conflict it self and that a man may dye in favour of God he must first get it and then secondly keep it First then Gods favour is to be gotten for all mankind is fallen from it and so are liable both to temporal and eternal death and until the offence committed against God be removed death is arm'd with sin as with a sting which being taken away it has no more power to hurt Hear then that which is first taught is how a sinner may be justified and reconcil'd to God which for order sake I reduce to two heads First Repentance from dead works And secondly Faith towards God Heb. 6.1 both which are joyn'd together by the Apostle I understand here by Repentance that which has to do with sin both before and in conversion And it includes these four things First Knowledge of sin not onely in general that we are sinners but also in particular how and wherein Which knowledge is by the Law because that is the rule of our life Rom. 3.20 by which we are to square our particular actions and the glass which being look'd into clearly shews us our selves And it is very advantagious in order to repentance to examine our selves by this Rule and to look into this glass that if not all for who can do so seeing no man knoweth how oft he offendeth yet at least we may discern as many of our sins as we can Secondly as it includes the knowledge of our sins so likewise it includes our abhorrence and hatred of them which must be accompanied with grief and shame and confusion of face for that we have offended so bountiful a Father and sin'd against all the obligations of duty and gratitude imaginable Not that this kind of sorrow is in it self simply necessary or pleasing unto God for he onely requires our amendment and delights not to afflict willingly Lam. 3.34 nor to grieve the children of men but because there is such a strict coherence between this grief and amendment of life that the one as the needle makes way for the thred serves to usher in the other though if we consider the constitutions of our nature we have otherwise also just cause to be griev'd for our sins for that we are made thereby not onely deform'd in our selves but also odious in Gods sight and deserving of his just wrath and subjected to the extreamest severities of the Divine Vengeance And this kind of sorrow is call'd Contrition and Compunction both which seem to be one and the same thing in different forms of expression But if there be any difference between them Contrition implies more than Compunction for that by the one is usually meant the honour of punishment and the sting of Conscience which ensues upon the committal of sin and by the other is understood sorrow for the offence without respect to the punishment Thirdly This Repentance includes likewise confession of our sins Psal 32.51 Dan. 9. that so we may not onely see what we have done but what we have merited thereby giving glory to God before he cause darkness and before our feet stumble on the dark mountains I shall not here start that Question so much controverted betwixt us and the Papists Whether we be bound to confess our sins to men The Romanists themselves acknowledge that we are not bound to confess them before Baptism and the truth is we are not bound to confess them after as to the obtaining of forgiveness from and reconciliarion with God especially after such a Sacramental plenary particular inforc'd manner under pain of damnation and by virtue of Christs institution which they have in these last ages obtruded on the world though indeed as to the obtaining forgiveness from men whom we have injured and for the making of publique satisfaction to the Church for a notorious scandal given and sometimes for obtaining counsel and direction in the anxieties and scruples of an erroneous Conscience and how to lead our lives in a penitential way of pleasing God it is very expedient to confess them unto men but most especially in the distresses of mind for sins committed when the conscience gives a man caeca verbera blind blows like the vulture that continually gnaw'd upon the liver of Titius Vir. Aeneid that so the Ministers unto whom God has committed the Word of Reconciliation might assure the Conscience of pardon and procure peace by pronouncing a Sacerdotal Absolution a power which God neither gave to Angels nor Archangels Chrys de Sacerdotio But herein lies the wonder saith a Father that men inhabiting the earth should dispense those things which are in heaven forgiveness of sins Fourthly This Repentance must not stay here but must carry us further to beseech the Lord for his mercy and promise sake to forgive us our sins But because this presupposeth Faith which is the next point I shall reserve it until I speak of that and indeed faith and repentance are so link'd together that I onely separate them for Doctrines sake For never can true and compleat Repentance be without Faith nor true Faith be without Repentance I confess that some degree of Repentance may be onely in a sight of sin and