and_o lay_v violent_a hand_n to_o take_v away_o his_o temporal_a life_n for_o who_o christ_n die_v to_o give_v eternal_a life_n a_o king_n a_o inferior_a god_n will_v take_v it_o ill_o to_o have_v his_o image_n his_o picture_n wilful_o stab_v through_o and_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o any_o because_o it_o be_v he_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o the_o judicial_n of_o god_n that_o where_o there_o be_v any_o wilful_a smite_v or_o strike_v though_o sudden_o and_o from_o a_o present_a passion_n occasion_v by_o a_o sudden_a provocation_n whereby_o death_n sollow_v in_o which_o the_o will_n fury_n which_o be_v a_o temporary_a madness_n assent_v or_o assault_v of_o the_o manslayer_n may_v appear_v there_o be_v no_o city_n of_o refuge_n or_o mercy_n by_o god_n law_n provide_v for_o it_o only_o what_o be_v do_v unaware_o and_o unforeseen_a as_o aforesaid_a find_v a_o city_n of_o refuge_n otherwise_o what_o can_v be_v mean_v by_o those_o word_n unaware_o and_o where_o he_o see_v he_o not_o and_o in_o these_o very_a case_n of_o kill_v another_o ex_fw-la improviso_fw-la unaware_o or_o by_o misfortune_n for_o who_o there_o be_v a_o city_n of_o refuge_n provide_v by_o god_n himself_o yet_o there_o the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n if_o he_o overtake_v the_o manslayer_n before_o he_o get_v to_o a_o city_n of_o refuge_n and_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v many_o mile_n to_o one_o of_o they_o he_o may_v justify_v the_o kill_n of_o he_o during_o the_o israelite_n sojourn_v in_o the_o desert_n the_o tabernacle_n where_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o altar_n be_v their_o refuge_n in_o such_o a_o case_n afterward_o in_o the_o land_n of_o moses_n canaan_n there_o be_v six_o city_n of_o refuge_n appoint_v three_o beyond_o jordan_n and_o three_o on_o this_o side_n three_o other_o 3._o city_n of_o like_a nature_n god_n promise_v the_o israelite_n upon_o condition_n of_o their_o obedience_n after_o their_o coast_n be_v enlarge_v but_o it_o seem_v their_o disobedience_n hinder_v the_o accomplishment_n thereof_o for_o scripture_n mention_v not_o the_o fulfil_n of_o it_o the_o manner_n of_o examination_n of_o one_o that_o flee_v to_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n be_v thus_o the_o consistory_n or_o bench_n of_o justice_n who_o live_v in_o that_o quarter_n where_o the_o murder_n be_v commit_v 6._o place_v the_o party_n be_v bring_v back_o from_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n in_o the_o court_n or_o judgement_n hall_n and_o diligent_o inquire_v and_o examine_v the_o cause_n who_o if_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o voluntary_a murder_n than_o be_v he_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v find_v casual_a than_o he_o be_v safe_o conduct_v back_o again_o to_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n where_o he_o enjoy_v his_o liberty_n not_o only_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n but_o within_o certain_a territory_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n within_o such_o limit_n until_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n that_o be_v in_o those_o day_n after_o who_o death_n he_o be_v at_o liberty_n 6._o josh_n 20._o 6._o by_o this_o mean_v the_o offender_n though_o he_o be_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o he_o live_v for_o the_o time_n although_o the_o offence_n be_v involuntary_a and_o praeter_fw-la intentionem_fw-la a_o kind_a of_o exile_n for_o his_o own_o humiliation_n and_o for_o the_o abatement_n of_o his_o wrath_n who_o be_v the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n 20._o the_o areopagita_n have_v a_o proceed_n against_o casual_a manslaughter_n not_o much_o unlike_a punish_v the_o offender_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o year_n banishment_n it_o be_v not_o agree_v among_o expositor_n why_o the_o time_n of_o this_o exilement_n be_v limit_v to_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n at_o that_o time_n but_o probable_o think_v that_o the_o offender_n be_v therefore_o confine_v within_o that_o city_n as_o within_o a_o prison_n during_o the_o high-priest_n life_n because_o the_o offence_n do_v most_o direct_o strike_v against_o he_o as_o be_v among_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ac_fw-la princeps_fw-la sanctitatis_fw-la the_o chief_a god_n on_o earth_n these_o place_n of_o refuge_n appoint_v by_o god_n differ_v from_o those_o of_o hercules_n and_o romulus_n and_o other_o heathen_n yea_o and_o christian_a king_n former_o of_o this_o nation_n because_o god_n allow_v safety_n only_o to_o those_o who_o be_v guiltless_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o intention_n but_o the_o other_o be_v common_a sanctuary_n 116._o as_o well_o for_o the_o guilty_a as_o the_o guiltless_a if_o any_o man_n do_v fortuitous_o or_o by_o chance_n kill_v another_o man_n in_o such_o a_o case_n a_o liberty_n be_v grant_v unto_o the_o offender_n to_o fly_v at_o first_o unto_o the_o altar_n for_o refuge_n as_o be_v imply_v by_o that_o text_n of_o scripture_n if_o any_o man_n come_v presumptuous_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n to_o slay_v he_o with_o guile_n thou_o shall_v take_v he_o from_o my_o altar_n exod._n 21._o 14._o away_o and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o temple_n as_o they_o be_v build_v have_v the_o like_a privilege_n as_o joab_n flee_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o lord_n appoint_v city_n of_o refuge_n be_v principal_o these_o first_o lest_o that_o the_o innocent_a party_n may_v be_v slay_v by_o the_o friend_n of_o he_o who_o he_o have_v kill_v before_o his_o cause_n be_v hear_v and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o slaughter_n determine_v by_o the_o judge_n second_o it_o be_v so_o appoint_v that_o he_o may_v stay_v there_o to_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n who_o be_v a_o type_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n by_o who_o precious_a death_n we_o be_v all_o set_v free_a three_o this_o be_v do_v ut_fw-la menti_fw-la eorum_fw-la hac_fw-la ratione_fw-la medeatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o heal_v and_o allay_v the_o mind_n and_o fury_n of_o those_o which_o otherwise_o will_v delight_v in_o murder_n for_o by_o his_o absence_n and_o continuance_n of_o time_n the_o rage_n of_o those_o that_o seek_v his_o life_n will_v be_v qualify_v and_o therefore_o god_n provide_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o still_o be_v provoke_v by_o the_o continual_a sight_n of_o he_o four_o and_o further_o by_o this_o that_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n unwitting_o be_v appoint_v to_o fly_v it_o be_v show_v quod_fw-la reus_fw-la poenae_fw-la efficitur_fw-la that_o yet_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o some_o punishment_n so_o that_o involuntary_a kill_n be_v punish_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o banishment_n among_o the_o israelite_n so_o likewise_o among_o the_o athenian_n such_o kind_n of_o manslaughter_n be_v censure_v with_o one_o year_n exile_n and_o so_o among_o the_o israelite_n he_o that_o escape_v from_o the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o escape_n be_v not_o to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o limit_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o kinsman_n of_o the_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v to_o kill_v he_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a distinction_n of_o voluntary_a and_o involuntary_a murder_n or_o kill_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n involuntary_a kill_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n there_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d chance_v unlooked_a for_o and_o sudden_a event_n as_o when_o one_o shoot_v a_o arrow_n upon_o a_o lawful_a account_n and_o kill_v one_o unawares_o as_o peleus_n kill_v his_o son_n be_v in_o hunt_v with_o he_o there_o be_v beside_o these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d error_n and_o oversight_n as_o the_o father_n beat_v his_o child_n purpose_v only_o to_o chastise_v he_o and_o do_v he_o good_a and_o he_o die_v of_o it_o there_o be_v likewise_o two_o kind_n of_o voluntary_a or_o wilful_a murder_n ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la of_o purpose_n &_o ex_fw-la impetu_fw-la animi_fw-la in_o heat_n or_o rage_n these_o kind_n of_o murder_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iniquity_n one_o may_v be_v slay_v ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la purposely_o per_fw-la insidias_fw-la by_o lie_v in_o wait_n when_o one_o watch_v for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n and_o take_v he_o at_o advantage_n as_o joab_n kill_v abner_n and_o afterward_o flee_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n which_o notwithstanding_o can_v not_o privilege_v he_o and_o afterward_o kill_v amasa_n they_o suspect_v no_o such_o thing_n so_o ishmael_n kill_v gedoliah_n or_o else_o per_fw-la industriam_fw-la when_o one_o of_o set_a purpose_n pick_v quarrel_n and_o seek_v occasion_n to_o provoke_v a_o man_n that_o he_o may_v kill_v he_o both_o these_o kind_n be_v touch_v here_o tostat_fw-la quaest_n 16._o than_o one_o may_v be_v kill_v in_o heat_n and_o rage_n when_o there_o be_v no_o purpose_n before_o as_o alexander_z the_o great_a kill_v clitus_n this_o kind_n though_o not_o so_o grievous_a as_o the_o other_o yet_o be_v a_o
abuse_v of_o it_o be_v better_o care_v take_v in_o return_n of_o juror_n 116._o i_o dare_v say_v the_o trial_n by_o twelve_o will_v not_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o excellent_a the_o excellency_n of_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o long_a constant_a and_o general_a use_n of_o it_o among_o the_o people_n of_o england_n this_o way_n of_o trial_n to_o have_v all_o their_o estate_n injury_n and_o live_v try_v by_o twelve_o man_n and_o those_o neighbour_n of_o our_o own_o degree_n and_o parity_n and_o without_o exception_n upon_o a_o lawful_a challenge_n certain_o nothing_o can_v be_v say_v more_o for_o the_o commendation_n of_o it_o than_o the_o constant_a practice_n and_o unanimous_a approbation_n of_o it_o in_o england_n to_o this_o day_n since_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o it_o the_o trial_n by_o twelve_o be_v very_o ancient_a though_o mr._n daniel_n and_o polydore_n virgil_n deny_v it_o to_o be_v ancient_a than_o the_o norman_a conquest_n but_o polydore_n as_o say_v the_o excellent_a sr._n h._n savil_n be_v a_o italian_a and_o a_o stranger_n in_o our_o commonwealth_n and_o so_o deceive_v 3._o it_o be_v of_o english_a saxon_a descent_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n etheldred_n cap._n 4._o thus_o in_o all_o hundred_o let_v assembly_n be_v and_o twelve_o freeman_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a together_o shall_v swear_v not_o to_o condemn_v the_o innocent_a nor_o absolve_v the_o guilty_a it_o be_v in_o use_n with_o the_o french_a in_o the_o age_n of_o charlemagne_n they_o that_o will_v see_v more_o of_o this_o let_v they_o read_v that_o learned_a and_o ancient_a book_n write_v by_o judge_n fortescue_n in_o commendation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v leave_v this_o subject_a have_v brief_o touch_v upon_o the_o happiness_n and_o liberty_n the_o subject_n of_o england_n enjoy_v to_o have_v their_o trial_n for_o their_o estate_n and_o life_n per_fw-la pares_fw-la by_o juries_n of_o twelve_o man_n what_o manner_n of_o person_n grand_a juror_n and_o those_o 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point_n of_o law_n that_o may_v arise_v in_o that_o case_n as_o whether_o it_o be_v murder_n manslaughter_n at_o common_a law_n or_o upon_o the_o statute_n see_v def_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la justifiable_a or_o otherwise_o none_o of_o these_o special_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v find_v by_o they_o that_o be_v but_o inquisitor_n and_o accuser_n for_o the_o king_n not_o tryer_n of_o the_o offence_n hear_v but_o witness_n on_o one_o side_n and_o who_o presentment_n or_o verdict_n be_v not_o final_a but_o must_v be_v put_v to_o issue_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o party_n to_o be_v try_v by_o another_o jury_n whether_o there_o be_v truth_n in_o it_o or_o no_o whatever_o the_o practice_n of_o grand_a juror_n have_v be_v of_o late_a to_o the_o contrary_a this_o be_v the_o chief_a aim_n and_o design_n of_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v not_o meet_v with_o any_o among_o christian_n and_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v none_o among_o heathen_n or_o rational_a creature_n but_o believe_v whatever_o their_o practice_n be_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o shed_n of_o innocent_a blood_n be_v a_o great_a offence_n a_o cry_a sin_n to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o a_o plant_n be_v but_o the_o vigour_n in_o the_o juice_n and_o the_o life_n of_o a_o beast_n be_v but_o the_o vigour_n in_o the_o blood_n but_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n be_v a_o 4._o spirit_n and_o spiritual_a substance_n the_o breath_n of_o god_n breathe_v into_o he_o and_o not_o to_o be_v extinguish_v unjust_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n certain_o vox_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la est_fw-la vox_fw-la clamantis_fw-la it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o sin_n laborum_fw-la that_o the_o scripture_n call_v clamantia_fw-la peccata_fw-la cry_v sin_n that_o cry_v to_o god_n for_o vengeance_n even_o in_o this_o world_n upon_o the_o manslayer_n immediate_o after_o the_o flood_n god_n command_v that_o blood_n unjust_o shed_v shall_v be_v require_v by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o manquiller_n it_o be_v within_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o god_n himself_o and_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o heaven_n never_o to_o be_v repeal_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o that_o shed_v man_n blood_n by_o man_n shall_v his_o blood_n be_v shed_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o every_o man_n brother_n will_v i_o require_v the_o life_n of_o man_n say_v god_n himself_o villain_n god_n many_o time_n allow_v of_o restitution_n and_o other_o satisfaction_n in_o other_o felony_n but_o never_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n for_o who_o can_v make_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n the_o first_o murderer_n that_o we_o read_v of_o be_v the_o devil_n who_o the_o scripture_n say_v be_v a_o murderer_n from_o the_o beginning_n in_o quantum_fw-la traxit_fw-la in_o peccatum_fw-la in_o draw_v our_o first_o parent_n into_o sin_n and_o so_o to_o death_n the_o next_o that_o we_o read_v of_o for_o the_o devil_n will_v not_o be_v long_o before_o he_o have_v tempt_v more_o to_o his_o own_o sin_n be_v cain_n that_o kill_v his_o brother_n abel_n and_o it_o seem_v very_o desperate_o shed_v much_o of_o his_o blood_n in_o many_o part_n of_o his_o body_n for_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o plural_a number_n vox_fw-la sanguinum_fw-la the_o voice_n of_o his_o blood_n or_o because_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o future_a posterity_n of_o abel_n that_o he_o may_v have_v have_v be_v shed_v in_o he_o by_o the_o murder_n of_o cain_n it_o be_v true_a that_o cain_n blood_n be_v not_o shed_v by_o that_o law_n although_o he_o kill_v his_o brother_n the_o world_n be_v not_o then_o people_v nor_o that_o law_n then_o so_o positive_o give_v by_o god_n and_o the_o example_n and_o terror_n to_o other_o can_v not_o then_o be_v so_o great_a which_o be_v oft_o the_o great_a end_n of_o punishment_n ut_fw-la poena_fw-la ad_fw-la paucos_fw-la metus_fw-la ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la perveniat_fw-la and_o therefore_o cain_n be_v to_o survive_v by_o god_n special_a appointment_n not_o by_o any_o favour_n of_o god_n towards_o he_o but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v god_n mark_n as_o a_o murderer_n upon_o he_o to_o the_o terror_n of_o all_o other_o that_o shall_v see_v he_o what_o visible_a mark_n and_o distinction_n this_o be_v be_v but_o conjecture_v at_o some_o think_v it_o be_v a_o horrible_a shake_n over_o his_o whole_a body_n as_o the_o septuagint_n translate_v who_o for_o thou_o shall_v be_v a_o vagabond_n and_o runagate_n read_v he_o shall_v conscience_n sigh_v and_o tremble_v or_o a_o exceed_a shame_n and_o confusion_n in_o that_o he_o run_v from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o hide_v himself_o or_o some_o visible_a mark_n in_o his_o face_n as_o lyranus_fw-la think_v some_o hebrew_n think_v it_o be_v a_o horn_n in_o his_o forehead_n some_o a_o letter_n some_o that_o a_o dog_n lead_v he_o the_o scripture_n be_v plain_a that_o for_o this_o murder_n he_o be_v to_o be_v a_o fugitive_n and_o a_o vagabond_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n one_o as_o the_o text_n say_v that_o go_v from_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o 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notwithstanding_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o this_o king_n william_n post_fw-la acquisitionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la after_o he_o have_v obtain_v and_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n in_o peace_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n concilio_n nobilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o nobility_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v summon_v throughout_o england_n the_o noble_n wiseman_n and_o such_o as_o be_v skilful_a in_o the_o law_n right_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o elect_v twelve_o knight_n out_o of_o every_o county_n who_o be_v swear_v before_o the_o king_n to_o make_v a_o true_a collection_n of_o the_o say_a law_n and_o custom_n nihil_fw-la praetermittentes_fw-la nil_fw-la addentes_fw-la nil_fw-la praevaricando_fw-la mutantes_fw-la among_o these_o law_n we_o do_v not_o find_v murder_n punish_v with_o death_n it_o be_v so_o near_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o saxon_n it_o seem_v he_o make_v no_o violent_a alteration_n of_o their_o law_n but_o keep_v 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the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o we_o find_v a_o thief_n who_o have_v steal_v twelve_o ox_n behead_v capital_a punishment_n have_v not_o only_o be_v in_o use_n against_o homicide_n and_o felony_n but_o other_o transgressor_n also_o and_o among_o those_o who_o worship_v god_n right_o as_o be_v well_o observe_v we_o meet_v with_o no_o divine_a precept_n before_o judah_n which_o make_v whoredom_n worthy_a of_o death_n yea_o when_o he_o be_v tell_v tamar_n thy_o daughter_n in_o law_n have_v play_v the_o harlot_n he_o answer_v bring_v she_o forth_o and_o let_v she_o be_v burn_v annis_fw-la among_o the_o britain_n if_o the_o wife_n kill_v her_o husband_n she_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v so_o be_v the_o english_a law_n to_o this_o day_n we_o may_v proceed_v say_v grotius_n by_o conjecture_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n with_o the_o help_n of_o natural_a reason_n from_o like_a to_o like_v and_o that_o which_o be_v a_o law_n against_o felony_n and_o murder_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o other_o as_o dangerous_o mischievous_a it_o be_v a_o hard_a dispute_n whether_o there_o be_v more_o mercy_n in_o death_n or_o put_v out_o of_o eye_n cut_v off_o leg_n arm_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o the_o galley_n it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o boldness_n and_o number_n of_o malefactor_n beget_v the_o law_n of_o death_n and_o those_o who_o death_n with_o so_o much_o infamy_n so_o often_o reiterated_a before_o their_o eye_n can_v fright_v will_v never_o think_v any_o torment_n whatsoever_o where_o life_n be_v leave_v they_o though_o with_o more_o misery_n than_o can_v be_v speak_v terrible_a it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o the_o lo._n coke_n epilog_n that_o videbis_fw-la ea_fw-la saepe_fw-la committi_fw-la quae_fw-la saepe_fw-la vindicantur_fw-la those_o offence_n be_v often_o commit_v that_o be_v often_o punish_v and_o he_o give_v his_o reason_n for_o it_o that_o the_o frequency_n of_o the_o punishment_n make_v it_o so_o familiar_a as_o it_o be_v not_o fear_v for_o example_n
a_fw-fr graec._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o qui_fw-la progredi_fw-la possit_fw-la praegredi_fw-la debet_fw-la he_o that_o will_v go_v on_o in_o virtue_n certain_o ought_v principal_o to_o be_v choose_v to_o attend_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v call_v justitia_fw-la quasi_fw-la juris_fw-la statio_fw-la vel_fw-la status_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la justitiam_fw-la jus_o stat_fw-la i._o exercetur_fw-la est_fw-la it_o be_v call_v justice_n because_o it_o be_v the_o standard_n of_o right_n miserable_fw-la servitus_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_fw-la vagum_fw-la justice_n be_v one_o of_o the_o cardinal_n virtue_n ought_v to_o be_v attend_v by_o none_o but_o the_o virtuoso_fw-la the_o most_o virtuous_a pious_a and_o ingenuous_a person_n probi_fw-la signify_v not_o only_o faithful_a but_o skilful_a none_o can_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v faithful_a in_o keep_v a_o oath_n suspect_v that_o want_v skill_n to_o know_v how_o to_o perform_v his_o duty_n what_o expectation_n can_v there_o be_v of_o a_o good_a verdict_n from_o a_o bad_a or_o ignorant_a man_n can_v he_o that_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o understand_v a_o cause_n ever_o make_v a_o right_a judgement_n of_o it_o will_v a_o liar_n present_v a_o truth_n a_o thief_n convict_v his_o fellow_n thief_n a_o man_n of_o blood_n a_o murderer_n or_o who_o can_v expect_v justice_n from_o he_o who_o neither_o to_o his_o god_n nor_o to_o himself_o be_v just_a 133._o or_o true_a he_o that_o believe_v judge_n be_v quasi_fw-la dei_fw-la god_n as_o the_o scripture_n call_v they_o or_o that_o god_n sit_v among_o and_o be_v present_a with_o judge_n in_o judgement_n as_o in_o the_o scripture_n sense_n it_o be_v truth_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v believe_v can_v but_o apprehend_v how_o unreasonable_a it_o be_v to_o bring_v such_o a_o jury_n before_o such_o a_o presence_n to_o act_v in_o a_o concernment_n of_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n as_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n who_o verdict_n ought_v to_o be_v veredictum_fw-la a_o true_a say_n juratur_fw-la quoddam_fw-la evangelium_fw-la as_o the_o gospel_n they_o swear_v upon_o dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la the_o say_n of_o truth_n itself_o especial_o as_o it_o be_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o hear_v not_o only_o the_o accuser_n and_o his_o witness_n but_o also_o the_o party_n accuse_v and_o his_o witness_n face_n to_o face_n they_o be_v call_v although_o a_o jury_n petty_a jury_n yet_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n which_o the_o grand_a jury_n be_v not_o although_o they_o inquire_v of_o the_o same_o offence_n from_o the_o great_a power_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o acquit_v or_o condemn_v the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n according_a to_o their_o evidence_n upon_o who_o verdict_n the_o judge_n according_a to_o law_n ground_n the_o judgement_n of_o life_n or_o death_n of_o acquittal_n or_o condemnation_n and_o as_o a_o jury_n may_v give_v a_o just_a verdict_n as_o to_o themselves_o upon_o a_o false_a testimony_n give_v to_o they_o so_o may_v the_o judge_n as_o to_o himself_o give_v a_o just_a judgement_n upon_o a_o false_a verdict_n give_v by_o the_o jury_n for_o as_o the_o juror_n be_v excusable_a that_o give_v their_o verdict_n secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la per_fw-la sacrum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la by_o what_o be_v allege_v and_o prove_v to_o they_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o witness_n or_o confession_n of_o the_o party_n even_o so_o that_o judge_n be_v excusable_a in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la that_o give_v judgement_n upon_o a_o verdict_n though_o false_a for_o he_o do_v not_o therein_o jus_n dare_v but_o jus_fw-la dicere_fw-la secundum_fw-la veredict_v jur._n upon_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o perit_n jury_n and_o presentment_n of_o a_o grand_a jury_n and_o this_o be_v full_o verify_v in_o two_o remarkable_a extreme_n case_n note_v in_o the_o margin_n a_o sufficient_a caution_n to_o all_o judge_n not_o to_o try_v any_o for_o murder_n where_o they_o have_v not_o a_o infallible_a evidence_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v and_o as_o every_o juror_n ought_v to_o be_v probus_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o honest_a and_o a_o skilful_a man_n so_o ought_v every_o one_o to_o be_v legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o person_n so_o qualify_v that_o the_o law_n allow_v of_o for_o a_o man_n may_v be_v a_o honest_a prudent_a and_o just_a man_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n not_o a_o lawful_a juryman_n for_o in_o one_o sense_n he_o be_v not_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la that_o be_v not_o ligeus_n &_o subditus_fw-la dom._n regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la treason_n for_o the_o law_n provide_v that_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n shall_v be_v try_v per_fw-la pares_fw-la by_o their_o equal_n their_o fellow_n subject_n in_o a_o proper_a sense_n he_o be_v say_v in_o law_n not_o to_o be_v legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la that_o be_v homo_fw-la utlagatus_fw-la a_o outlaw_a person_n one_o that_o be_v extra_fw-la legem_fw-la positus_fw-la who_o be_v no_o better_a than_o one_o that_o be_v extraneus_fw-la a_o alien_n a_o stranger_n one_o not_o only_o put_v out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n but_o such_o a_o one_o as_o the_o law_n will_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o as_o he_o so_o stand_v in_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o serve_v as_o a_o juror_n nay_o such_o a_o person_n be_v a_o juror_n will_v make_v the_o verdict_n void_a and_o it_o be_v a_o good_a exception_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o any_o of_o the_o juror_n be_v outlaw_v but_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n he_o be_v not_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la such_o a_o legal_a and_o indifferent_a person_n as_o the_o law_n require_v who_o be_v either_o in_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o blood_n to_o the_o prisoner_n as_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o partial_a or_o in_o such_o a_o evil_a reputation_n 32._o as_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o unjust_a for_o as_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o a_o father_n to_o be_v of_o a_o jury_n to_o try_v his_o son_n or_o the_o son_n the_o father_n brother_n uncle_n or_o near_a relation_n to_o try_v one_o another_o so_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o he_o that_o be_v particeps_fw-la criminis_fw-la or_o indeed_o criminalis_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o man_n that_o stand_v judicial_o accuse_v indict_v convict_v or_o attaint_v for_o felony_n to_o try_v another_o for_o felony_n or_o indeed_o to_o be_v a_o grand_a juror_n to_o present_v it_o the_o law_n provide_v that_o each_o juror_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o person_n rectus_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la that_o stand_v right_a in_o court_n above_z and_o against_o all_o natural_a rational_a and_o legal_a exception_n qui_fw-la accusat_fw-la integrae_fw-la famae_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o non_fw-la criminosus_fw-la for_o certain_o to_o clear_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o a_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o wise_o to_o discern_v the_o cause_n in_o question_n upon_o a_o doubtful_a and_o perplex_a evidence_n many_o time_n require_v as_o great_a ability_n in_o the_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n as_o in_o the_o judge_n to_o examine_v the_o cause_n and_o to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o the_o verdict_n there_o be_v much_o more_o of_o black-art_n use_v to_o darken_v and_o obscure_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n among_o the_o juror_n especial_o if_o either_o a_o great_a person_n or_o rich_a be_v concern_v therein_o than_o possible_o can_v be_v to_o prevent_v or_o prevaricate_v a_o right_a judgement_n in_o the_o judge_n or_o by_o any_o dust_n of_o gold_n power_n or_o favour_n to_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n or_o falsify_v his_o clear_a sight_n who_o sit_v every_o way_n above_o such_o a_o temptation_n the_o juror_n of_o england_n especial_o in_o the_o circuit_n with_o their_o unequal_a yoke-fellow_n the_o tales-man_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o very_a scandal_n of_o the_o law_n practical_a of_o england_n who_o seldom_o serve_v but_o to_o serve_v a_o turn_n fact_n to_o obey_v a_o superior_a pleasure_n a_o friend_n or_o to_o help_v away_o in_o a_o hurry_n a_o quick_a dispatch_n of_o practice_n this_o fault_n be_v not_o in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n but_o the_o male_a execution_n of_o they_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 27_o eliz._n c._n 6._o provide_v that_o each_o juror_n shall_v have_v at_o least_o four_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o land_n tenement_n or_o rent_n and_o this_o must_v be_v their_o sufficiency_n where_o the_o 272._o debt_n or_o damage_n or_o both_o together_o amount_v to_o forty_o mark_n the_o general_a course_n of_o the_o world_n be_v to_o esteem_v man_n according_a to_o their_o estate_n quantum_fw-la cuique_fw-la sua_fw-la nummorum_fw-la seruat_fw-la in_o arca_fw-la tantum_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o fidei_fw-la juror_n that_o have_v estate_n to_o lose_v will_v be_v afraid_a to_o commit_v perjury_n the_o best_a thing_n abuse_v always_o prove_v the_o worst_a the_o sweet_a wine_n make_v the_o sharp_a vinegar_n not_o that_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o wine_n but_o in_o the_o use_n and_o
record_n in_o chancery_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n by_o this_o it_o may_v appear_v to_o all_o that_o be_v rational_a and_o unprejudiced_a that_o have_v not_o former_o assert_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o therefore_o like_o the_o opiniator_n of_o this_o age_n will_v for_o no_o other_o reason_n maintain_v it_o that_o grand_a juror_n be_v not_o lest_o so_o free_a herein_o to_o find_v what_o they_o please_v or_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o strict_o according_a to_o their_o evidence_n as_o the_o gentleman_n of_o these_o latter_a time_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o do_v and_o even_o to_o stand_v upon_o it_o against_o the_o learned_a judge_n themselves_o and_o their_o direction_n and_o advice_n beside_o how_o great_o do_v they_o injure_v the_o party_n accuse_v for_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o no_o high_a a_o offence_n than_o manslaughter_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la and_o the_o grand_a jury_n will_v not_o find_v it_o murder_n whereby_o he_o may_v put_v himself_o as_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n direct_v de_fw-fr bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la he_o can_v never_o by_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n receive_v a_o total_a and_o final_a discharge_n from_o the_o say_a offence_n for_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v indict_v at_o any_o time_n again_o of_o murder_n for_o the_o death_n of_o that_o party_n as_o he_o may_v be_v at_o any_o time_n after_o during_o his_o life_n notwithstanding_o such_o pardon_n where_o it_o be_v not_o find_v murder_n or_o manslaughter_n at_o the_o first_o he_o can_v make_v no_o plea_n to_o such_o indictment_n in_o discharge_n of_o it_o he_o can_v plead_v auter_n foit_n acquit_v or_o convict_v or_o attaint_v of_o the_o same_o offence_n because_o he_o never_o put_v himself_o de_fw-mi bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la upon_o his_o country_n his_o life_n be_v never_o in_o hazard_n for_o it_o whereas_o if_o he_o have_v be_v once_o present_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n for_o murder_n and_o thereupon_o arraign_v receive_v a_o full_a trial_n and_o according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n have_v be_v acquit_v of_o the_o murder_n and_o the_o special_a matter_n of_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la find_v in_o their_o verdict_n which_o by_o the_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o find_v by_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n under_o their_o hand_n that_o the_o judge_n upon_o hear_v the_o whole_a matter_n may_v be_v satisfy_v it_o be_v find_v according_a to_o evidence_n give_v in_o court_n and_o thereupon_o adjudge_v what_o that_o offence_n be_v in_o law_n if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n that_o have_v receive_v such_o a_o full_a trial_n and_o have_v sue_v out_o a_o certiorari_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o that_o have_v have_v the_o special_a matter_n the_o whole_a record_n of_o proceed_n certify_v by_o the_o judge_n before_o who_o the_o record_n remain_v and_o thereupon_o have_v procure_v his_o pardon_n of_o course_n out_o of_o chancery_n such_o person_n can_v never_o be_v call_v in_o question_n again_o for_o the_o same_o offence_n but_o he_o may_v plead_v that_o record_n and_o verdict_n of_o acquittal_n from_o the_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n notwithstanding_o it_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v prove_v afterward_o either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n it_o shall_v discharge_v and_o acquit_v he_o for_o ever_o and_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n as_o in_o this_o case_n ought_v to_o find_v every_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la murder_n notwithstanding_o by_o the_o evidence_n it_o appear_v no_o more_o to_o they_o à _fw-la multo_fw-la fortiori_fw-la they_o ought_v to_o find_v every_o offence_n that_o appear_v to_o they_o upon_o evidence_n to_o be_v but_o manslaughter_n murder_n for_o the_o act._n bill_n of_o indictment_n as_o it_o come_v from_o their_o hand_n be_v but_o the_o king_n declaration_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o which_o the_o prisoner_n may_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o join_v issue_n with_o the_o king_n and_o have_v it_o try_v whether_o he_o be_v guilty_a or_o not_o modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la as_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n or_o may_v confess_v and_o justify_v as_o he_o shall_v find_v cause_n for_o this_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o the_o grand_a jury_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n against_o the_o prisoner_n set_v forth_o a_o act_n do_v vi_n &_o armis_fw-la against_o the_o king_n peace_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n all_o which_o be_v violate_v dishonour_a &_o weaken_v in_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o subject_a in_o the_o shed_n of_o innocent_a blood_n by_o which_o his_o land_n be_v defile_v and_o his_o law_n violate_v and_o this_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n prima_fw-la fancy_n may_v be_v murder_n and_o therefore_o ought_v as_o well_o as_o all_o declaration_n at_o law_n to_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o full_a circumstance_n of_o aggravation_n a_o fact_n of_o blood_n which_o far_o exceed_v all_o other_o fact_n will_v bear_v especial_o in_o lay_v the_o ground_n work_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o charge_n because_o it_o can_v heighten_v or_o increase_v but_o may_v lessen_v and_o decrease_v like_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o full_a to_o its_o low_a wane_n even_o to_o nothing_o upon_o a_o full_a examination_n and_o debate_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n by_o hear_v of_o party_n and_o witness_n on_o both_o side_n and_o receive_v in_o the_o face_n and_o audience_n of_o the_o court_n such_o a_o scrutiny_n and_o narrow_a search_n as_o blood_n require_v into_o all_o circumstance_n and_o aggravation_n of_o the_o offence_n that_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n by_o the_o learned_a judge_n who_o be_v of_o counsel_n as_o well_o for_o the_o prisoner_n as_o the_o king_n and_o must_v not_o let_v the_o prisoner_n suffer_v for_o want_v of_o counsel_n in_o law_n that_o a_o grand_a jury_n can_v possible_o do_v they_o hear_v but_o only_a witness_n on_o one_o side_n and_o not_o the_o prisoner_n beside_o their_o want_n of_o judgement_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n in_o all_o case_n of_o blood_n whereas_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o which_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v to_o put_v out_o of_o the_o indictment_n and_o declaration_n of_o the_o king_n the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la the_o only_a word_n that_o make_v it_o murder_n the_o court_n can_v never_o judicial_o examine_v the_o malice_n which_o be_v common_o a_o secret_a latent_fw-la thing_n carry_v on_o with_o a_o great_a privacy_n and_o cunning_a and_o appear_v not_o in_o all_o case_n of_o murder_n express_v and_o no_o evidence_n can_v prove_v further_o to_o a_o grand_a jury_n whereas_o the_o law_n in_o many_o case_n imply_v a_o malice_n to_o make_v it_o murder_v although_o the_o party_n never_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o each_o other_o before_o which_o lie_v not_o in_o proof_n of_o witness_n but_o arise_v as_o a_o point_n of_o law_n upon_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n which_o not_o a_o grand_a jury_n but_o the_o court_n be_v judge_n of_o be_v matter_n of_o law_n which_o judgement_n in_o law_n be_v whole_o frustrate_v and_o take_v from_o the_o court_n when_o the_o grand_a juror_n put_v out_o these_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la which_o only_o make_v it_o murder_n out_o of_o the_o indictment_n and_o by_o such_o favour_n indulgence_n or_o wilfulness_n in_o grand_a juror_n many_o time_n the_o great_a murder_n escape_v by_o a_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o at_o least_o by_o a_o manslaughter_n for_o if_o the_o grand_a juror_n shall_v only_o find_v it_o manslaughter_n the_o prisoner_n upon_o his_o arraignment_n present_o if_o he_o can_v but_o read_v get_v any_o one_o to_o help_v he_o or_o corrupt_v the_o ordinary_a no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o do_v confess_v the_o indictment_n and_o prevent_v all_o further_a trial_n upon_o that_o offence_n and_o so_o neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o court_n can_v ever_o come_v to_o understand_v although_o there_o be_v twenty_o witness_n against_o the_o prisoner_n what_o evidence_n the_o grand_a jury_n have_v to_o find_v it_o no_o high_o than_o manslaughter_n nor_o shall_v ever_o come_v judicial_o to_o examine_v the_o nature_n quality_n or_o malice_n if_o any_o be_v circumstance_n and_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n although_o in_o itself_o the_o foul_a murder_n that_o can_v be_v as_o my_o own_o above_o forty_o year_n experience_n attend_v the_o crown_n court_n in_o one_o circuit_n under_o many_o learned_a judge_n have_v too_o often_o experience_v together_o with_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o labour_v grand_a juror_n to_o such_o a_o presentment_n and_o contrive_v with_o the_o prisoner_n to_o confess_v the_o manslaughter_n lest_o the_o truth_n and_o foulness_n of_o the_o murder_n shall_v too_o clear_o manifest_v itself_o as_o truth_n ever_o will_v upon_o a_o judicial_a faithful_a
sense_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o opinion_n grand_a jury_n to_o be_v judge_n of_o but_o in_o all_o these_o case_n and_o many_o more_o must_v be_v rule_v and_o overrule_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n in_o point_n of_o law_n although_o no_o malice_n in_o these_o case_n can_v be_v prove_v to_o the_o grand_a jury_n or_o petit_fw-fr jury_n comment_n yet_o the_o indictment_n must_v be_v express_o draw_v and_o so_o find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n with_o these_o word_n to_o make_v it_o murder_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la sua_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v that_o he_o kill_v he_o out_o of_o his_o malice_n forethought_a not_o that_o these_o word_n make_v a_o new_a offence_n of_o felony_n and_o murder_n that_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o murder_n before_o and_o so_o esteem_v in_o all_o case_n where_o it_o be_v do_v voluntary_o and_o by_o assault_n and_o this_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n former_o mention_v 35_o h._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v by_o misfortune_n only_o but_o it_o shall_v take_v place_n in_o such_o as_o be_v slay_v by_o felony_n and_o not_o otherwise_o by_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o kill_v one_o unaware_o by_o misfortune_n be_v murder_n before_o this_o statute_n and_o that_o after_o this_o statute_n all_o other_o kill_v where_o it_o be_v felony_n shall_v be_v murder_n as_o before_o this_o statute_n felony_n be_v a_o general_a term_n fol._n which_o comprehend_v divers_a heinous_a offence_n for_o which_o the_o offender_n ought_v to_o suffer_v death_n and_o lose_v their_o good_n and_o land_n they_o be_v call_v felony_n of_o the_o latin_a word_n fel_n which_o be_v in_o english_a gall_n in_o french_a feil_n or_o of_o the_o ancient_a english_a word_n fall_v or_o fierce_a or_o because_o they_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v do_v with_o a_o cruel_a bitter_a fell_a fierce_a or_o mischievous_a mind_n so_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la coronatoris_fw-la make_v 4_o ed._n 1._o 1._o where_o the_o coroner_n be_v well_o direct_v his_o duty_n where_o any_o person_n be_v slay_v or_o sudden_o dead_a how_o he_o shall_v behave_v himself_o which_o be_v worth_a his_o read_n it_o follow_v in_o the_o say_a act_n in_o these_o word_n and_o if_o any_o be_v find_v culpable_a of_o the_o murder_n the_o coroner_n shall_v immediate_o go_v to_o his_o house_n and_o inventory_n his_o good_n chattel_n land_n etc._n etc._n as_o in_o that_o act_n be_v further_o direct_v i_o only_o mention_v it_o to_o show_v that_o all_o that_o be_v find_v so_o slay_v the_o coroner_n be_v to_o inquire_v of_o it_o as_o murder_n or_o otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o inventory_v of_o good_n value_v or_o seize_v of_o land_n etc._n etc._n or_o commit_v the_o offender_n to_o the_o goal_n by_o the_o coroner_n as_o plain_o do_v appear_v by_o that_o act._n so_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o second_o of_o ed._n 24._o 6._o where_o one_o be_v strike_v in_o one_o county_n and_o die_v in_o another_o it_o be_v doubtful_a before_o where_o the_o trial_n shall_v be_v give_v power_n to_o the_o party_n concern_v to_o bring_v a_o appeal_n who_o have_v not_o power_n to_o appeal_v in_o that_o case_n before_o of_o murder_n only_o in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o party_n die_v and_o in_o that_o case_n can_v bring_v no_o appeal_n of_o manslaughter_n as_o in_o the_o straighten_v sense_n some_o will_v take_v the_o word_n manslaughter_n by_o this_o statute_n be_v declare_v that_o where_o any_o murder_n or_o felony_n which_o word_n felony_n here_o can_v comprehend_v manslaughter_n shall_v be_v commit_v in_o one_o county_n and_o there_o be_v accessary_n to_o the_o same_o in_o another_o county_n upon_o a_o indictment_n find_v in_o the_o county_n where_o such_o accessary_n be_v guilty_a the_o certificate_n of_o the_o conviction_n or_o attainder_n of_o the_o principal_n shall_v be_v good_a to_o proceed_v against_o such_o accessary_n so_o that_o if_o the_o principal_a be_v not_o indict_v of_o murder_n i_o conceive_v it_o be_v doubtful_a upon_o this_o statute_n to_o proceed_v to_o the_o condemnation_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o accessary_a in_o another_o county_n for_o by_o no_o congruity_n can_v the_o word_n or_o felony_n comprehend_v manslaughter_n a_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n will_v hardly_o pardon_v manslaughter_n or_o be_v allow_v of_o so_o in_o the_o four_o of_o h._n 13._o 7._o cap._n 13._o there_o be_v these_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n whereas_o upon_o trust_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n divers_a person_n have_v be_v the_o more_o bold_a to_o commit_v murder_n etc._n etc._n because_o they_o have_v be_v continual_o admit_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o clergy_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o offend_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o every_o one_o be_v once_o admit_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o himself_o clergy_n if_o not_o within_o holy_a order_n shall_v not_o a_o second_o time_n be_v admit_v for_o such_o a_o offence_n and_o that_o every_o person_n so_o convict_v for_o murder_n to_o be_v mark_v with_o a_o m_o upon_o the_o brawn_n of_o the_o left_a thumb_n and_o for_o another_o felony_n with_o a_o t._n here_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o word_n murder_v comprehend_v all_o manner_n of_o manslaughter_n all_o manner_n of_o felonious_a kill_n every_o murder_n be_v manslaughter_n and_o every_o manslaughter_n then_o as_o murder_n they_o being_n termini_fw-la convertibiles_fw-la equal_o signify_v the_o genus_fw-la of_o man-killing_a you_o may_v perceive_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o that_o felony_n can_v comprehend_v manslaughter_n or_o murder_n for_o here_o the_o one_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v with_o a_o m_o for_o murder_n the_o felon_n with_o a_o t_o for_o theft_n both_o which_o mark_n upon_o the_o respective_a conviction_n be_v as_o i_o conceive_v in_o those_o case_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o statute_n observe_v to_o this_o day_n although_o we_o now_o 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rob_v of_o church_n rob_v of_o person_n in_o their_o house_n or_o upon_o the_o highway_n wilful_a burn_a of_o house_n or_o barn_n with_o corn_n or_o accessary_n before_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v from_o henceforth_o admit_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o clergy_n but_o suffer_v death_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v no_o clerk_n it_o seem_v all_o that_o be_v that_o be_v as_o many_o as_o the_o ordinary_a then_o esteem_v so_o clerk_n although_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n petty_a treason_n and_o felony_n suffer_v not_o death_n so_o great_a favour_n and_o immunity_n have_v they_o in_o those_o time_n for_o such_o bloody_a and_o cry_a sin_n so_o prevalent_a be_v the_o clergy_n and_o those_o within_o holy_a order_n in_o those_o day_n that_o this_o very_a act_n of_o parliament_n that_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o other_o that_o commit_v murder_n burglary_n and_o robbery_n and_o other_o offence_n beforenamed_n except_v all_o within_o holy_a order_n order_n from_o the_o same_o pain_n and_o danger_n other_o person_n must_v suffer_v for_o the_o same_o offence_n which_o freedom_n and_o indulgence_n continue_v to_o they_o in_o holy_a order_n as_o they_o call_v it_o until_o the_o 28_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o which_o provide_v that_o they_o within_o holy_a order_n as_o to_o such_o and_o other_o offence_n 1187._o shall_v be_v under_o the_o same_o pain_n and_o danger_n that_o other_o be_v now_o this_o statute_n make_v none_o of_o the_o former_a offence_n felony_n or_o murder_n that_o be_v not_o so_o before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n but_o only_o take_v from_o they_o that_o commit_v any_o of_o these_o offence_n the_o benefit_n of_o their_o clergy_n certain_o there_o want_v not_o those_o that_o commit_v wilful_a murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a as_o we_o now_o distinguish_v it_o before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o those_o that_o commit_v sacrilege_n rob_v person_n in_o their_o house_n and_o upon_o the_o highway_n wilful_o fire_v house_n and_o barn_n with_o corn_n and_o be_v abettor_n to_o the_o say_a offence_n so_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o this_o statute_n make_v no_o alteration_n as_o to_o the_o draw_v and_o pen_v of_o indictment_n of_o murder_n sacrilege_n robbery_n burglary_n etc._n etc._n but_o only_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o every_o person_n who_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n be_v after_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n for_o any_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a offence_n so_o that_o according_a as_o the_o indictment_n of_o murder_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n so_o must_v it_o be_v after_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n wilful_a murder_n in_o the_o statute_n 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o and_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 23._o of_o the_o same_o king_n comprehend_v as_o well_o that_o which_o we_o call_v manslaughter_n and_o every_o kill_a where_o the_o will_n of_o man_n be_v free_o engage_v as_o 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it_o murder_n than_o the_o juror_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o their_o verdict_n find_v he_o guilty_a of_o the_o murder_n contain_v in_o the_o indictment_n and_o to_o show_v the_o power_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o indeed_o shall_v have_v the_o full_a and_o high_a charge_n can_v be_v lay_v against_o the_o prisoner_n for_o the_o offence_n he_o be_v to_o be_v try_v if_o a._n be_v appeal_v or_o indict_v of_o murder_n viz._n that_o he_o of_o malice_n prepense_a kill_v b._n a_o plead_v that_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la yet_o the_o jury_n may_v find_v a_o guilty_a of_o manslaughter_n without_o malice_n prepense_a because_o the_o kill_n of_o a._n be_v the_o matter_n and_o malice_n prepense_a be_v but_o a_o circumstance_n 101_o blow_n com._n 101._o and_o general_o where_o modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la be_v not_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o issue_n but_o word_n of_o form_n there_o it_o suffice_v although_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o find_v the_o precise_a issue_n 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o 19_o the_o first_o statute_n that_o i_o find_v these_o word_n mention_v in_o of_o malice_n prepense_a 14._o be_v the_o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o where_o it_o be_v say_v if_o any_o person_n for_o any_o petty_a treason_n murder_n or_o felony_n have_v obtain_v the_o king_n pardon_n or_o be_v otherwise_o discharge_v out_o of_o sanctuary_n and_o afterward_o commit_v another_o petty_a treason_n felony_n or_o manslaughter_n by_o chance-medley_o and_o not_o murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a and_o afterward_o take_v sanctuary_n again_o for_o any_o such_o petty_a treason_n felony_n or_o manslaughter_n by_o chance-medley_o the_o same_o person_n shall_v enjoy_v a_o second_o privilege_n of_o sanctuary_n so_o that_o he_o that_o commit_v murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a can_v not_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o sanctuary_n a_o second_o time_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 3._o and_o remedy_n divers_a defect_n that_o be_v in_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o forasmuch_o as_o the_o say_a act_n extend_v only_o to_o such_o person_n as_o be_v find_v guilty_a after_o the_o due_a course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n divers_a and_o great_a robber_n murderer_n burglar_n and_o felon_n do_v commit_v those_o offence_n perceive_v and_o clear_o understand_v by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n unless_o they_o be_v find_v guilty_a after_o the_o due_a course_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o their_o arraignment_n of_o and_o upon_o the_o say_a murder_n and_o felony_n so_o by_o they_o do_v and_o commit_v by_o reason_n whereof_o divers_a of_o the_o say_a person_n upon_o their_o arraignment_n of_o the_o say_a offence_n and_o felony_n upon_o their_o indictment_n against_o they_o will_v stand_v mute_a and_o sometime_o challenge_v peremptory_o over_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o or_o else_o will_v not_o answer_v direct_o to_o the_o same_o indictment_n whereupon_o they_o be_v arraign_v according_a to_o law_n it_o be_v therefore_o provide_v by_o this_o statute_n that_o every_o person_n that_o hereafter_o shall_v he_o indict_v of_o petty_a treason_n wilful_a burn_a of_o house_n murder_n robbery_n or_o burglary_n or_o other_o felony_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n or_o meaning_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o and_o thereupon_o arraign_v and_o do_v stand_v mute_a of_o malice_n or_o froward_a mind_n or_o challenge_v peremptory_o above_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o or_o else_o will_v not_o or_o do_v not_o answer_v direct_o to_o the_o same_o indictment_n and_o felony_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o arraign_v shall_v lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o form_n as_o if_o he_o have_v direct_o plead_v to_o the_o same_o petty_a treason_n murder_n robbery_n or_o other_o
be_v find_v before_o by_o the_o grand_a jury_n and_o that_o make_v too_o special_o verdict_n or_o else_o general_o not_o guilty_a if_o they_o find_v he_o guilty_a of_o the_o special_a matter_n as_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v before_o they_o and_o the_o judge_n and_o court_n shall_v afterward_o adjudge_v as_o they_o may_v have_v hear_v the_o evidence_n that_o super_fw-la totam_fw-la materiam_fw-la it_o be_v either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n then_o no_o judgement_n of_o death_n or_o clergy_n can_v be_v give_v upon_o that_o indictment_n or_o verdict_n but_o all_o must_v be_v try_v over_o again_o and_o a_o new_a circuit_n of_o business_n upon_o a_o second_o indictment_n of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n and_o how_o dilatory_a and_o idle_a will_v this_o be_v at_o a_o assize_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n and_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n if_o judge_n stamford_n be_v alive_a again_o although_o a_o person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o judgement_n he_o will_v sure_o with_o some_o other_o error_n in_o that_o book_n recant_v this_o neither_o be_v it_o of_o any_o advantage_n to_o the_o prisoner_n to_o have_v it_o find_v special_o by_o the_o grand_a jury_n for_o he_o can_v never_o plead_v either_o such_o a_o acquittal_n or_o conviction_n in_o bar_n to_o a_o indictment_n of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n in_o the_o same_o case_n as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o whoever_o shall_v read_v and_o well_o consider_v this_o seven_o chapter_n write_v by_o judge_n stamford_n in_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n wherein_o this_o opinion_n be_v especial_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o it_o when_o he_o come_v to_o observe_v the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n and_o how_o the_o certificate_n of_o such_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n shall_v be_v obtain_v must_v of_o necessity_n hold_v his_o first_o opinion_n in_o that_o chapter_n for_o the_o special_a matter_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o indictment_n to_o be_v very_o inconsiderate_o express_v for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a and_o why_o may_v not_o this_o learned_a judge_n for_o humanum_fw-la est_fw-la errare_fw-la mistake_v in_o this_o as_o in_o some_o other_o opinion_n in_o that_o book_n of_o his_o style_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o which_o he_o be_v detect_v by_o the_o lo._n coke_n and_o other_o that_o follow_v he_o who_o stand_v upon_o his_o shoulder_n must_v needs_o see_v far_o than_o he_o do_v or_o can_v as_o to_o instance_n in_o some_o few_o as_o first_o 6._o that_o respite_n of_o execution_n where_o a_o woman_n be_v priviment_n enfent_n where_o a_o woman_n after_o judgement_n plead_v her_o belly_n shall_v be_v grant_v only_o say_v he_o in_o felony_n whereas_o it_o be_v grantable_a both_o in_o high_a treason_n and_o petit_fw-la treason_n 18._o a_o second_o be_v 52._o that_o the_o year_n and_o the_o day_n after_o the_o murder_n and_o homicide_n commit_v shall_v be_v account_v after_o the_o blow_n give_v or_o poison_v administer_v whereas_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v account_v after_o the_o death_n 53._o for_o then_o the_o party_n be_v murder_v and_o not_o after_o the_o stroke_n or_o poison_v give_v coke_n lib._n 4._o fol._n 41_o 42._o in_o heydon_n case_n a_o three_o observe_v by_o the_o lord_n coke_n write_v upon_o the_o statute_n 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 12._o which_o make_v it_o felony_n to_o steal_v away_o record_n upon_o these_o word_n in_o the_o say_a statute_n their_o procurer_n counsellor_n and_o abettor_n say_v this_o act_n express_o extend_v to_o accessary_n before_o and_o leave_v accessary_n after_o to_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n rep._n yet_o there_o may_v be_v accessary_n after_o the_o fact_n for_o whensoever_o a_o offence_n be_v make_v a_o felony_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n there_o shall_v be_v accessary_n to_o it_o both_o before_o and_o after_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o felony_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o though_o this_o act_n express_v only_a accessary_n before_o yet_o it_o take_v not_o away_o accessary_n after_o but_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o law_n contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o mr._n 160._o justice_n stamford_n and_o again_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 8_o h._n 29._o 6._o c._n 29._o insufficiency_n or_o want_n of_o freehold_n be_v no_o cause_n of_o challenge_n to_o alien_n who_o be_v impanel_v with_o alien_n notwithstanding_o mr._n 160._o justice_n stamford_n opinion_n pl._n coron_n 160._o for_o this_o statute_n say_v that_o the_o statute_n 2_o h._n 3._o 5._o c._n 3._o shall_v extend_v only_o to_o inquest_n betwixt_o denizen_n and_o denizen_n but_o enough_o and_o perhaps_o too_o much_o have_v be_v say_v in_o mention_v the_o mistake_n of_o that_o reverend_n and_o learned_a judge_n sr._n pleas._n william_n stamford_n in_o that_o book_n of_o his_o term_a placita_fw-la coronae_fw-la plea_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o title_n of_o it_o have_v be_v correct_v amend_v and_o enlarge_v since_o the_o first_o impression_n of_o it_o which_o i_o have_v not_o urge_v in_o the_o least_o to_o detract_v from_o the_o learning_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o great_a and_o learned_a judge_n or_o from_o the_o value_n of_o that_o book_n which_o notwithstanding_o there_o may_v be_v a_o few_o mistake_v find_v in_o it_o yet_o be_v of_o as_o high_a esteem_n as_o any_o book_n of_o the_o law_n extant_a upon_o that_o subject_a but_o principal_o to_o show_v that_o he_o may_v as_o well_o err_v in_o his_o opinion_n concern_v grand_a juror_n find_v the_o special_a matter_n as_o in_o those_o mention_v and_o that_o no_o human_a author_n in_o the_o law_n or_o any_o other_o science_n be_v infallible_a and_o that_o we_o must_v be_v very_o careful_a how_o we_o ground_n any_o law_n upon_o the_o bare_a opinion_n of_o any_o one_o or_o two_o person_n though_o of_o never_o so_o great_a part_n or_o esteem_n whereby_o to_o justify_v or_o maintain_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o practice_n especial_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v finis_fw-la duellum_fw-la quasi_fw-la duorum_fw-la bellum_fw-la do_v without_o authority_n be_v a_o war_n against_o authority_n that_o which_o the_o victor_n think_v to_o be_v his_o honour_n prove_v his_o dishonour_n his_o life_n his_o land_n and_o good_n be_v by_o law_n forfeit_v and_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v infoelix_fw-la pugna_fw-la ubi_fw-la majus_fw-la periculum_fw-la incumbit_fw-la victori_fw-la quam_fw-la victo_fw-la victo_fw-la the_o oath_n of_o a_o grand_a juror_n stamf._n fol._n 36._o 27._o lib._n ass_n murdrum_n de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la non_fw-la adjudicetur_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciar_fw-la ubi_fw-la infortunium_fw-la tantummodo_fw-la adjudicatum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la locum_fw-la habeat_fw-la murdrum_n de_fw-la interfectis_fw-la per_fw-la feloniam_fw-la tantum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la aliter_fw-la statut._n de_fw-fr marlebridge_n 52_o h._n 3._o c._n 26._o 26._o utramque_fw-la partem_fw-la ni_fw-fr audias_fw-la ne_fw-la judices_fw-la qui_fw-la judicat_fw-la aliquid_fw-la parte_fw-la inaudita_fw-la altera_fw-la licet_fw-la aequum_fw-la judicaret_fw-la haud_fw-la aequus_fw-la est_fw-la yet_o grand_a juror_n take_v themselves_o to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o fact_n fact_n if_o he_o have_v council_n he_o must_v pray_v it_o before_o he_o plead_v not_o guilty_a he_o can_v after_o 3._o inst_n fol._n 129._o 129._o and_o that_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o regular_o he_o can_v have_v council_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v the_o court_n ought_v to_o see_v the_o indictment_n trial_n and_o other_o proceed_n good_a in_o law_n lest_o by_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n they_o attaint_v the_o prisoner_n 3._o inst._n 137._o fol._n 29._o secta_fw-la pacis_fw-la be_v by_o indictment_n which_o be_v the_o king_n suit_n and_o as_o it_o be_v his_o declaration_n the_o king_n former_o do_v not_o pardon_v homicidium_fw-la but_o sectam_fw-la pacis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la pertinet_fw-la de_fw-la homicidiis_fw-la 3._o inst_n fol._n 235._o 235._o 25_o e._n 3._o 4._o 5_o e._n 3._o 9_o 42_o e._n 3._o 3_o vit._n abbot_n st._n alban_n 143._o 143._o 37_o e._n 3._o 18._o 18._o cook_n 3._o inst_n tit._n indict_v 136._o 136._o except_o by_o utlawry_n utlawry_n no_o peer_n or_o subject_a can_v be_v convict_v by_o verdict_n but_o the_o offence_n must_v be_v find_v by_o twenty_o four_o four_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o they_o dwell_v in_o the_o county_n but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o neighbourhood_n nay_o le_fw-fr plus_fw-fr procheines_fw-fr to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fact_n as_o by_o artic._n super_fw-la cap._n 9_o it_o be_v appoint_v they_o must_v he_o most_o near_o most_o sufficient_a and_o least_o suspicious_a ibid._n ibid._n the_o king_n jury_n jury_n jus_fw-la à _fw-la jovis_n nomine_fw-la jus_fw-la qu._n jovis_n os_fw-la omne_fw-la enim_fw-la jus_fw-la &_o justitia_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la est_fw-la est_fw-la v_o statut._n 3_o ed._n 1._o c._n 11._o forasmuch_o as_o many_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n and_o culpable_a of_o the_o same_o by_o favourable_a inquest_n take_v by_o the_o sheriff_n and_o by_o the_o king_n