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A89194 Christmas, the Christians grand feast: its original, growth, and observation, also of Easter, Whitsontide, and other holydayes modestly discussed and determined. Also the beginning of the yeare, and other things observable. Where also among other learned men, you have the judgment of those eminent men; Josephus Scaliger, Rodulphus Hospinian, Matthæus Beroaldus, Joh. Causabon, Doct. Fulk, M. Cartwright, Alsted, Hugh Broughton, Master Mead. / By Thomas Mocket; sometimes of Queens Colledge in Cambridge, and Mr. of Arts in both the Universities; and now pastor of Gildeston in Hartfordshire. Novemb. 26, 1650. Imprimatur, Edm. Calamy. Mocket, Thomas, 1602-1670?.; Scaliger, Joseph Juste, 1540-1609.; Hospinian, Rudolf, 1547-1626.; Beroald, Matthieu, d. 1576.; Fulke, William, 1538-1589.; Alsted, Johann Heinrich, 1588-1638.; Broughton, Hugh, 1549-1612.; Cartwright, Thomas, 1535-1603.; Mede, Joseph, 1586-1638.; Casaubon, Isaac, 1559-1614. 1651 (1651) Wing M2304; Thomason E619_4; ESTC R202886 21,287 27

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CHRISTMAS The Christians grand Feast It s Original Growth and Observation Also of Easter Whitsontide and other Holydayes modestly discussed and determined Also the beginning of the Yeare and other things observable Where also among other learned Men you have the judgment of those eminent Men Josephus Scaliger Rodulphus Hospinian Matthaeus Beroaldus Joh. Causabon Doct. Fulk M. Cartwright Alsted Hugh Broughton Master Mead. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Epictetus By THOMAS MOCKET Sometimes of Queens Colledge in Cambridge and Mr. of Arts in both the Universities and now Pastor of Gildeston in Hartfordshire Imprimatur Novemb. 26 1650. Edm. Calamy London Printed for Richard Wodenoth at the Star under Peters Church in Cornhill 1651. CHRISTMAS The Christians grand Feast It s originall growth observation discussed and determined FOr the dissolving of this doubt Saturnus Aegyptius was wicked Cham saith Laurentius Codomannus in Anno M. 1905 Saturnus Babylonicus was cruell Nimrod ibid. and setling all religious and peaceable mens minds and consciences concerning the observation of Christs Nativity we must know 1 That Saturn who as Heathens themselves inform us * Phornutus Also Cicero de natura Deorum Macrobius Saturnalium l. 1. c. 7. Boccaçe genealogie of the gods was son to Coelum or Coelus and Vesta Father of the Heathen gods took to wife his own sister Ops by whom he had many children Jupiter Juno Neptune Pluto and others Patri Coelo virilia exsecuit he cut off his father Coelums genitalia and threw them into the Sea a most unson-like and an abominable fact he was famous in his generation because he a Macrob. Saturnal l. 1. c. 7. Polyd. Virgil. de invent●ribus r●rum l. 3. c. 3. first found out the art of grafting fruit trees and husbandry in Latium a part of Italy and taught it first in Europe he was generally honoured by the Heathens as a god and to that end sacred rites were done unto him and the 25 of December with the rest of the days following seven days together were appointed and generally observed by the idolatrous Heathen to that end sacrifices sports and other solemnities were magnificently and with great preparation and rejoycing performed b Polydor. Virgil de invent rerum l. 2. c. 14 23. l. 5. c 2. S●neca Epist 18 Prin Histrom p. 751. c. which the Apostle tels us is foul idolatry a sacrificing unto Devils 1 Cor. 10. 20. At which time also there was a sheaf of Corn offered to Ceres their Goddesse of Corn and an hymn sung in her praise called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Also Feasting c Pol. Virg. de invent l. 5. c. 2. Horatius Ca●m l. 1. Ode 37. Sermo l. 2. Satyr 7. Also Virgil Ovid alii Drinking Stage-plays Enterludes Masks Mummeries Dancing and all licentious dissolutenesse by their Lords of mis-rule especially in England saith Polydore Virgil who for that time commanded all in the house the Governours as well as others He was made propitious by sacrifices of men unto him as they thought d Plut. Moral p 379. His better part as they believed being translated unto heaven shineth forth in the greatest and highest of the seven Planets called Saturn a malevolent star e Stella nocens Saturnus Lucan Him and also Belus Jupiter Mars Mercurius Venus Pluto Neptune Apollo Bacchus Flora and many other souls of great men departed the Pagans worshipped for their gods because while on earth they deserved well of mortall men did many good things saith Lactantius Firminianus f Lactantius institut divin l. 1. who as Augustine g Aug. de Civit. Dei l. 3. c. 3. 17. saith were known to have been adulterers and notorious malefactors though in some other things famous Sir W. Raleighs History of the World p. 73. 75. That festivall time in December called Saturnalia Saturns feasts because in honour of Saturn their idol god was called also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Yule h Athen. l. 14. Veteres Theologi begin their year as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 à Domini praesentiâ which some refer to his birth some to his baptisme some to the appearing of the Star to the Wisemen Beroald Chron. l. 4. c. 1. because of the sheaf then offer'd to Ceres and hymn sung in honour of her for the words were generally used both for a sheaf and that hymn which time they spent in idolatrous sacrificing feasting revelling and the like as above-said At this time was consecrated to the honour of Saturn Ceres and their goddesse Vesta by the ancient Heathens especially So the first day of January commonly called New-years-day of which I have not yet observed any good reason in Antiquity save only this because the Christians retained the Julian Account and year as the truest which begins the year on the Kalends or first day of January as * Hospin de orig●ne Fest Ch●istian f. 31. Hospinian observeth without having respect to the true acconnt of the beginning of time but conceive rather that the year should begin on March 25 when our Politicall and Civil year begins and the first day of the worlds creation as some learned men think Or rather now about the tenth of March when the Sun first enters into the first degree of Aries and begins our Spring or about the 3 d. of Aprill about which time Christ suffer'd it being usuall with Antiquity to record the day of the death of eminent persons in honour of them for their birth day because they then begin to live the life of Eternity The Ancient Heathens i Martis erat primus mensis Venerisque secundus Ovid. Fast lib. 1. as the Romans did begin their year with March as appears by the names of the Moneths still in use among us namely September October November December that is the seventh the eighth ninth and tenth moneth till Numa Pompilius the great forger and advancer of Heathe Romane Idolatry and Superstition who began to reign about the third year of the sixteenth Olympiade saith Plutarch k Plut. in vita Numae Pompilii p. 48 Pol. Virg. de invent rerum l. 2. c. 4. The Arabians and the Aegyptians began their year with the Vernall Equinoctiall or Spring and the Jews their Ecclesiasticall year for holy feasts and Church-affairs with Abib about the latter end of our March Or else we should begin in September as the Asians the later and Christian Greeks for the Ancient Greeks began their year with the Summers Solstice that is in June as they did also their Olympiades Sc●arpi Symphon p. 141. Laurent Codomannus Annales Beroaldus Chron. l. 4 c. 1. p. 236. saith Beroaldus The Ecclesiasticall Astrologers begin their year and account with September do also the Jews the Jews for legall politicall and civill affairs because they generally believed the World was then created the fruits being then all ripe and not any in March at the