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chad_n stand_v he_o be_v a_o great_a friend_n and_o a_o favourer_n to_o the_o monk_n of_o bangor_n who_o part_n he_o take_v against_o the_o saxon_n that_o be_v set_v on_o by_o augustine_n the_o monk_n to_o prosecute_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n because_o they_o will_v not_o forsake_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o church_n and_o conform_v to_o those_o of_o rome_n merfyn_n frych_n and_o esylht_n conan_n be_v dead_a merfyn_n frych_n and_o his_o wife_n esylht_n who_o be_v sole_a heir_n to_o conan_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o government_n or_o principality_n of_o wales_n this_o merfyn_n be_v king_n of_o man_n and_o son_n to_o gwyriat_n and_o nest_n the_o daughter_n of_o cadelh_n ap_fw-mi brochwel_fw-mi ap_fw-mi elis_n king_n of_o powy_n howel_n be_v forcible_o eject_v out_o of_o anglesey_n by_o his_o brother_n conan_n tindaethwy_n and_o escape_v to_o the_o island_n of_o man_n be_v honourable_o and_o kind_o receive_v by_o merfyn_n in_o return_n of_o who_o civility_n howel_n use_v such_o mean_n afterward_o that_o merfyn_n marry_v esylht_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o his_o brother_n conan_n though_o other_o say_v that_o he_o die_v present_o after_o his_o escape_n to_o merfyn_n howel_n after_o that_o he_o have_v for_o about_o five_o year_n enjoy_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n and_o other_o land_n in_o the_o north_n give_v he_o by_o merfyn_n to_o hold_v under_o he_o dye_v about_o the_o year_n 825_o after_o who_o death_n they_o again_o return_v to_o merfyn_n who_o ancestor_n have_v always_o hold_v the_o same_o under_o the_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o so_o upon_o his_o marriage_n with_o esylht_n the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n egbert_n the_o powerful_a king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n enter_v with_o a_o mighty_a army_n into_o wales_n destroy_v and_o waste_v the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o snowden_n hill_n and_o seize_v upon_o the_o lordship_n of_o rhyvoniec_n in_o denbighland_n about_o the_o same_o time_n a_o very_a sore_a battle_n be_v fight_v in_o anglesey_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o welsh_a call_v from_o the_o place_n where_o this_o fight_n happen_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanvaes_n a.d._n 819_o fortune_n seem_v all_o this_o while_n to_o frown_v upon_o the_o welsh_a and_o their_o affair_n succeed_v very_o ill_a for_o short_o after_o that_o egbert_n have_v advance_v his_o colour_n as_o far_o as_o snowden_n kenulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o west_n wales_n overran_a and_o destroy_a â—owis-land_n and_o great_o disturb_v and_o incommoded_a â—he_n welch_n nation_n soon_o after_o this_o kenulph_n die_v â—nd_n be_v succeed_v by_o kenelm_n and_o he_o in_o a_o short_a â—â—me_n by_o ceolwulph_n who_o after_o two_o year_n reign_n leave_v â—he_v kingdom_n of_o mercia_n to_o bernulph_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n be_v grow_v very_o strong_a and_o powerful_a able_a to_o reduce_v all_o the_o petty_a kingdom_n in_o britain_n under_o one_o single_a monarchy_n upon_o â—he_n thought_n of_o which_o he_o set_v upon_o bernulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o vanquish_v he_o at_o elledowne_n and_o afterward_o bring_v under_o subjection_n the_o country_n of_o kent_n and_o of_o the_o west_n angle_n but_o the_o britain_n can_v â—ot_n be_v so_o easy_o subdue_v for_o after_o a_o long_a and_o a_o cruel_a â—ight_n at_o gavelford_n between_o they_o and_o the_o west_n saxon_n of_o devonshire_n in_o which_o several_a thousand_o be_v â—â—ain_o on_o both_o side_n the_o victory_n remain_v uncertain_a he_o have_v better_a success_n against_o wyhtlafe_a king_n of_o mercia_n a.d._n 829_o who_o dominion_n he_o easy_o add_v to_o his_o now_o increase_a monarchy_n and_o pass_v humber_n he_o quick_o â—educed_v that_o country_n to_o his_o subjection_n the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n be_v now_o become_v one_o kingdom_n and_o egâ—ert_v sole_a monarch_n of_o all_o the_o country_n that_o the_o saxonsâ—ossessed_v â—ossessed_z in_o britain_n which_o name_n he_o order_v shall_v â—e_v change_v to_o england_n his_o people_n to_o be_v call_v enâ—lishmen_n and_o the_o language_n english_a they_o who_o come_v over_o out_o of_o germany_n into_o this_o â—sland_n to_o aid_v the_o britain_n against_o their_o enemy_n the_o pict_n and_o scot_n be_v partly_o saxon_n angles_n and_o outhe_n from_o the_o first_o of_o which_o come_v the_o people_n of_o essex_n suffex_n middlesex_n and_o the_o westsaxons_a from_o â—he_n angle_n the_o east_n angle_n the_o mercian_n and_o they_o â—hat_n inhabit_v the_o north_n side_n of_o humber_n from_o the_o juthe_n the_o kentishman_n and_o they_o that_o settle_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n these_o german_n after_o that_o they_o have_v drive_v â—he_n britain_n beyond_o severn_n and_o dee_n erect_v seven_o kingdom_n call_v the_o heptarchy_n in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o â—he_n island_n whereof_o 1._o kent_n 2._o of_o the_o south-saxons_a contain_v sussex_n and_o surrey_n 3._o the_o east-angle_n in_o norfolk_n suffolk_n and_o cambridgshire_n 4._o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a comprehend_v berkshire_n devonshire_n somersetshire_n and_o cornwall_n 5._o mercia_n contain_v gloucester_n hereford_n worcester_z shropshire_n stafford_n cheshire_n warwick_n leicester_n derby_n nottingham_n lincoln_n northampton_n oxford_n buckingham_z bedford_z and_o half_a hartfordshire_n 6_o the_o east-saxons_a contain_v essex_n middlesex_n and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o hartford_n 7._o of_o the_o northumbrian_n take_v in_o all_o the_o country_n beyond_o hamber_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n deyra_n and_o bernicia_n the_o first_o from_o humber_n to_o tyne_n the_o other_o from_o tyne_n to_o the_o scottish_a sea_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a have_v several_o conquer_v these_o kingdom_n annex_v they_o together_o and_o comprehend_v they_o under_o one_o monarchy_n which_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 96â—_n year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o brute_n to_o this_o island_n 383_o year_n after_o the_o land_n of_o hengist_n and_o 149_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o cadwallader_n to_o rome_n egbert_n have_v thus_o unite_v under_o one_o government_n these_o several_a kingdom_n which_o use_v continual_o molest_v and_o to_o encroach_v upon_o each_o other_o territory_n may_v reasonable_o have_v expect_v to_o enjoy_v his_o neâ—â—_n a.d._n 883_o kingdom_n quiet_o and_o not_o fear_v any_o disturbance_n oâ—_n trouble_v in_o his_o dominion_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v hâ—_n establish_v king_n of_o england_n but_o the_o dane_n begin_v 〈◊〉_d threaten_v new_a commotion_n and_o land_v in_o great_a number_n and_o in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n egberâ—_n fight_v several_a battle_n with_o they_o and_o with_o varioâ—â—_n success_n at_o length_n the_o dane_n land_v in_o west-wales_n march_v forward_o for_o england_n be_v join_v by_o a_o greaâ—_n number_n of_o welch_n and_o meet_v egbert_n upon_o hengist_n doâ—â—_n where_o a_o severe_a battle_n be_v fight_v and_o the_o dane_n pâ—â—_n to_o a_o total_a rout_n the_o welsh_a suffer_v severe_o fâ—â—_n this_o egbert_n be_v high_o incense_v that_o the_o danâ—â—_n be_v support_v by_o they_o lay_v siege_n to_o caer_n lheon_n 〈◊〉_d dhyfrdwy_n or_o chester_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o venedotiâ—â—_n which_o hitherto_o have_v remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o welsh_a take_v the_o town_n and_z among_o other_o tokeâ—_n of_o his_o indignation_n he_o cause_v the_o brazen_a effigy_n oâ—_n cadwalhon_n king_n of_o britain_n to_o be_v pull_v down_o and_o deface_v and_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n forbid_v the_o erect_v 〈◊〉_d such_o again_o he_o issue_v out_o also_o a_o proclamation_n by_o thâ—_n instigation_n of_o his_o wife_n redburga_n who_o always_o bear_v a_o inveterate_a malice_n to_o the_o welsh_a command_v all_o that_o â—ere_z any_o way_n extract_v from_o british_a blood_n to_o deâ—art_v with_o all_o their_o effect_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n within_o â—â—x_n month_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n these_o be_v very_o â—â—vere_a and_o insupportable_a term_n but_o he_o do_v not_o live_v â—ong_a to_o see_v they_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o die_v short_o â—fter_o the_o battle_n of_o hengestdown_n he_o be_v succeed_v by_o â—on_n ethelwulph_n this_o king_n ethelwulph_n marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o berthr_v who_o be_v his_o tributary_n king_n of_o mercia_n by_o who_o help_n he_o successful_o oppose_v the_o â—ruel_a incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o miserable_o destroy_v the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n with_o fire_n and_o 〈◊〉_d these_o danish_a commotion_n be_v indifferent_o well_o appease_v berthred_a king_n of_o mercia_n set_v â—pon_o the_o welsh_a between_o who_o a_o remarkable_a battle_n â—as_v seek_v at_o a_o place_n call_v kettell_n where_o merfyn_n â—rych_a king_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v kill_v leave_v to_o â—â—cceed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o wales_n his_o son_n roâ—eric_a mawr_z or_o the_o great_a roderic_n the_o great_a merfyn_n frych_n have_v lose_v his_o life_n and_o with_o it_o his_o a.d._n 843_o kingdom_n in_o
the_o battle_n of_o kettell_n his_o son_n roderic_n surname_v the_o great_a without_o any_o opposition_n or_o contest_v succeed_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o effect_v after_o his_o advancement_n to_o â—he_n crown_n be_v the_o divide_n of_o wales_n into_o several_a province_n which_o he_o distinguish_v into_o these_o three_o aberffraw_n dinevowr_n and_o mathraval_n berthred_a king_n â—f_n mercia_n be_v animate_v by_o his_o late_a success_n against_o merfyn_n frych_n purpose_v to_o perform_v the_o like_a exploit_n â—gainst_a his_o son_n roderic_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o aid_n â—nd_v assistance_n of_o king_n ethelwulph_n he_o enter_v north_n wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o anglesey_n which_o he_o cruel_o and_o miserable_o destroy_v roderic_n meet_v he_o several_a time_n and_o the_o welsh_a do_v at_o length_n so_o gall_n and_o torment_v he_o that_o in_o fine_a he_o have_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o boast_v of_o only_a meyric_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a prince_n among_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v but_o he_o be_v soon_o force_v to_o quit_v his_o expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o to_o convert_v his_o force_n another_o way_n his_o own_o dominion_n require_v their_o constant_a residence_n be_v severe_o threaten_v by_o a_o foreign_a invasion_n a.d._n 846_o for_o the_o dane_n be_v by_o this_o time_n grow_v so_o very_o powerful_a that_o they_o overran_a a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n fight_v with_o athelstan_n king_n of_o kent_n brother_n to_o ethelwulph_n and_o obtain_v so_o much_o conquest_n that_o whereas_o before_o they_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n when_o the_o wether_n grow_v too_o cold_a for_o action_n they_o now_o take_v up_o their_o winter-quarter_n in_o england_n the_o welsh_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v secure_a from_o any_o violence_n which_o may_v otherwise_o be_v expect_v from_o the_o english_a begin_v to_o quarrel_n and_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wâ—ntland_n for_o what_o occasion_n not_o know_v fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o meâ—_n of_o brecknock_n who_o be_v so_o resolute_a as_o to_o fight_v he_o and_o the_o event_n prove_v very_o unfortunate_a to_o ithel_n whâ—_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n it_o be_v the_o unhappiness_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v govern_v by_o several_a petty_a state_n when_o it_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o no_o danger_n from_o a_o outward_a enemy_n that_o it_o will_v fall_v at_o variance_n and_o create_v disturbance_n among_o itself_o have_v the_o britain_n instead_o of_o fall_v upon_o one_o another_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o opportunity_n wheâ—_n the_o saxon_n be_v altogether_o employ_v in_o oppose_v and_o repel_v the_o dane_n to_o increase_v and_o strengthen_v their_o number_n and_o to_o fortify_v their_o town_n they_o may_v aâ—_n lest_o secure_o have_v possess_v their_o own_o dominion_n 〈◊〉_d not_o extend_v their_o government_n to_o a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n but_o a_o sort_n of_o a_o equality_n in_o power_n beget_v aâ—_n emulation_n between_o the_o several_a prince_n and_o this_o emulation_n for_o the_o most_o part_n end_v in_o blow_n and_o contention_n so_o that_o instead_o of_o strengthen_v themselves_o whilst_o they_o have_v respite_n from_o the_o english_a they_o rather_o weaken_v their_o power_n by_o inward_a difference_n kongen_fw-mi king_n of_o powy_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n there_o to_o a.d._n 854_o â—end_n his_o day_n peaceable_o and_o religious_o but_o his_o death_n do_v not_o prove_v so_o natural_a as_o he_o expect_v be_v barbarous_o slay_v or_o as_o some_o say_v choke_v by_o his_o own_o servant_n short_o after_o die_v cemoyth_fw-mi king_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o jonathan_n lord_n of_o abergeley_n it_o be_v now_o become_v customary_a for_o prince_n weary_v with_o government_n to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o the_o pope_n willing_o dispense_v with_o the_o resignation_n of_o their_o crown_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o holiness_n seldom_o lose_v by_o it_o king_n ethelwulph_n pay_v very_o dear_a for_o his_o entertainment_n there_o make_v his_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o pay_v the_o peterpence_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o saxon_a genealogist_n bring_v the_o pedigree_n of_o ethelwulph_n for_o several_a succession_n and_o generation_n up_o to_o adam_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n who_o in_o like_a manner_n derive_v the_o pedigree_n of_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n this_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n of_o most_o nation_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a and_o be_v always_o practise_v by_o they_o who_o family_n be_v any_o thing_n ancient_a and_o honourable_a so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a mistake_n to_o scoff_n at_o and_o deride_v the_o welsh_a because_o they_o keep_v up_o this_o ancient_a and_o laudable_a custom_n berthred_a king_n of_o mercia_n become_v at_o length_n far_o â—oo_o weak_a to_o repel_v the_o daily_a increase_a power_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o so_o numerous_o pour_v upon_o he_o that_o at_o last_o he_o be_v force_v to_o relinquish_v his_o kingdom_n and_o fly_v to_o rome_n where_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o sorrowful_o end_v his_o day_n ethelwulph_n short_o follow_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n athelbald_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o athelbright_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o the_o east-saxons_a ethelwulph_n be_v report_v to_o be_v so_o learned_a and_o devout_a that_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n elect_v he_o in_o his_o youth_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_v which_o function_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o about_o seven_o year_n before_o he_o be_v make_v king_n he_o be_v say_v also_o to_o have_v conquer_a the_o kingdom_n of_o demetia_n or_o south-wales_n which_o together_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o south-saxons_a he_o bestow_v upon_o his_o son_n alfred_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v bring_v a_o thousand_o man_n out_o of_o wales_n to_o winchester_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o brother_n ethelbert_n against_o the_o dane_n athelbald_n succeed_a his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a keep_v his_o mother-in-law_n the_o wife_n of_o ethelwulph_n for_o hiâ—_n concubine_n and_o afterward_o marry_v she_o in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n but_o he_o do_v not_o live_v long_o to_o enjoy_v the_o unnatural_a conjunction_n but_o die_v without_o issâ—_n after_o that_o he_o have_v reign_v eight_o year_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brother_n athelbright_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o dane_n begin_v again_o to_o be_v stir_v themselves_o and_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n of_o winchester_n and_o destroy_v it_o which_o athelbright_n perceive_v after_o a_o long_o fight_v force_v they_o to_o quit_v the_o land_n and_o tâ—_n betake_v themselves_o to_o sea_n again_o but_o the_o dane_n quick_o return_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n where_o they_o remain_v for_o that_o winter_n do_v much_o mischief_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o destroy_v all_o place_n near_o the_o shoaâ—_n of_o england_n the_o english_a be_v very_o glad_a that_o they_o dare_v venture_v no_o further_o and_o the_o more_o because_o the_o welsh_a begin_v again_o to_o be_v troublesome_a against_o whoâ—_n a_o army_n must_v be_v speedy_o dispatch_v otherwise_o they_o will_v certain_o advance_v to_o the_o english_a country_n both_o army_n meet_v at_o greythen_n where_o a_o fierce_a battle_n be_v fight_v and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v on_o either_o side_n but_o the_o victory_n be_v not_o plain_o discoverable_a bâ—â—_n the_o welch_n not_o long_o after_o receive_v a_o considerable_a loâ—_n by_o the_o death_n of_o conan_n nâ—rit_fw-fr nifer_n a_o stout_a and_o skilful_a commander_n who_o oftentimes_o have_v valiant_o repulse_v the_o english_a force_n and_o obtain_v many_o signâ—â—_n victory_n over_o they_o the_o dane_n have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n quiet_a be_v â—â—able_a to_o venture_v upon_o any_o considerable_a action_n anâ—_n therefore_o they_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o secure_v only_a whâ—_n they_o have_v already_o win_v and_o to_o expect_v a_o re-inforcement_n from_o their_o own_o country_n this_o be_v quick_o send_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o hungare_n and_o hubâ—â—â—_n who_o land_v in_o england_n with_o a_o very_a considerable_a armâ—_n of_o dane_n king_n athelbright_n whether_o terrify_v with_o a_o dismal_a apprehension_n of_o these_o invader_n or_o otherwise_o be_v indispose_v quick_o afterward_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n leave_v the_o management_n of_o his_o kingdom_n together_o with_o that_o of_o his_o army_n against_o the_o dane_n to_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n the_o dane_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n â—ot_n sure_a foot_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o york_n which_o â—hey_n miserable_o destroy_v kill_v osbright_n and_o elbaâ—wo_n â—wo_z king_n of_o northumberland_n that_o oppose_v they_o â—rom_o hence_o they_o proceed_v and_o overrun_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o nottingham_n destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o before_o they_o and_o then_o return_v back_o to_o york_n â—ut_fw-la have_v once_o taste_v
â—anes_n pass_v from_o thence_o to_o cambridge_n they_o meet_v â—ith_n ethelstan_n king_n edelred_n nephew_n by_o his_o sister_n who_o with_o a_o army_n be_v come_v to_o oppose_v they_o but_o the_o dane_n prove_v too_o powerful_a he_o with_o many_o other_o nobleman_n be_v slay_v among_o who_o be_v duke_n oswyn_n and_o the_o earl_n edwin_n and_o wolfrike_n from_o hence_o they_o pass_v through_o essex_n leave_v no_o manner_n of_o cruelty_n and_o barbarity_n unpractised_a and_o return_v lade_v with_o booty_n to_o their_o ship_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o a.d._n 1010_o thames_n but_o they_o can_v not_o contain_v themselves_o long_o in_o their_o vessel_n and_o therefore_o sally_v out_o they_o pass_v by_o the_o river_n side_n to_o oxford_n which_o they_o ransack_v over_o again_o add_v to_o their_o prey_n buckingham_n bedford_z hartford_n and_o northamptonshire_n and_o have_v accomplish_v that_o year_n cruelty_n at_o christmas_n they_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n yet_o the_o prey_n of_o the_o country_n from_o the_o trent_n southward_o will_v not_o satisfy_v these_o unmerciful_a barbarian_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n a.d._n 1011_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o peep_v out_o of_o their_o den_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o canterbury_n which_o be_v deliver_v up_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o almarez_n the_o archdeacon_n be_v condemn_v to_o blood_n and_o ash_n and_o alfegoâ—_n the_o archbishop_n carry_v prisoner_n to_o the_o danish_a fleet_n where_o he_o be_v at_o length_n most_o cruel_o put_v to_o death_n a.d._n 1012_o the_o next_o year_n swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n come_v up_o the_o humber_n and_o land_v at_o gainesborow_n whither_o repair_v to_o he_o vthrâ—d_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n with_o his_o people_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o lindsey_n with_o all_o thâ—_n country_n northward_o of_o watling-street_n be_v a_o highway_n cross_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n sea_n and_o give_v their_o oath_n and_o hostage_n to_o obey_v he_o whereupon_o king_n swain_n perceive_v his_o undertake_n to_o prove_v 〈◊〉_d fortunate_a beyond_o expectation_n commit_v the_o care_n oâ—_n his_o fleet_n to_o his_o son_n cnute_n and_o march_v himself_o 〈◊〉_d to_o oxford_n and_o then_o to_o winchester_n which_o citieâ—_n whether_o for_o fear_n of_o further_a calamity_n ready_o acknowledge_v he_o for_o their_o king_n from_o thence_o hâ—_n march_v for_o london_n where_o king_n edelred_n then_o layâ—_n and_o which_o be_v so_o stout_o defend_v by_o the_o citizen_n that_o he_o be_v like_a to_o effect_v nothing_o against_o that_o town_n and_o therefore_o he_o direct_v his_o course_n to_o wallingforâ—_n and_o bath_n where_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o west-saxon_a yield_v he_o subjection_n the_o londoner_n too_o at_o last_o â—earing_v his_o fury_n and_o displeasure_n make_v their_o peace_n â—nd_v send_v he_o hostage_n which_o city_n be_v receive_v to_o â—ercy_n swain_n from_o that_o time_n be_v account_v king_n of_o â—ll_a england_n king_n edelred_n perceive_v all_o his_o astair_n â—n_v england_n to_o go_v against_o he_o and_o his_o authority_n and_o government_n reduce_v to_o so_o narrow_a a_o compass_n have_v send_v his_o queen_n with_o his_o two_o son_n edward_n and_o alfred_n â—o_o normandy_n he_o think_v convenient_a within_o a_o while_n â—fter_o to_o follow_v himself_o be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n richard_n he_o have_v not_o be_v there_o â—ong_o but_o news_n arrive_v of_o the_o death_n of_o swain_n and_o that_o he_o be_v desire_v by_o the_o english_a to_o return_v to_o his_o kingdom_n be_v animate_v and_o comfort_v with_o this_o surprise_a news_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o a_o great_a army_n â—or_a england_n and_o land_v at_o lyndsey_n he_o cruel_o harass_v that_o province_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o have_v own_a subjection_n to_o cnute_n the_o son_n of_o swain_n who_o the_o danesâ—ad_a â—ad_z elect_a king_n in_o his_o father_n stead_n king_n cnute_n be_v at_o ipswich_n and_o certify_v of_o the_o arrival_n of_o king_n edelred_n and_o the_o devastation_n of_o lyndsey_n fear_v that_o â—is_n authority_n be_v go_v down_o the_o wind_n barbarous_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n and_o nose_n of_o all_o the_o hostage_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o english_a and_o present_o strike_v sail_n for_o denmark_n and_o whilst_o england_n be_v in_o this_o general_a confusion_n there_o fall_v out_o no_o less_o a_o storm_n in_o ireland_n for_o brian_n king_n of_o that_o island_n and_o his_o son_n murâ—th_v with_o other_o king_n of_o the_o country_n subject_n to_o â—â—rian_n join_v their_o force_n against_o sutric_n the_o son_n of_o aâ—loic_a king_n of_o dublin_n and_o mailmorda_n king_n of_o lagoâ—es_n sutric_n be_v of_o himself_o too_o weak_a to_o encounter_v so_o numerous_a a_o multitude_n hire_v all_o the_o pirate_n and_o rover_n who_o cruise_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o then_o give_v brian_n battle_n who_o with_o his_o son_n murcath_n be_v slay_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n maihnorda_fw-mi and_o broderic_n general_n of_o the_o auxiliary_n but_o cnute_n though_o he_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n force_v to_o a.d._n 1013_o forsake_v england_n upon_o the_o recall_v of_o king_n edelred_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o abandon_v all_o his_o pretence_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o next_o year_n he_o come_v to_o renew_v his_o claim_n and_o land_v with_o a_o strong_a fleet_n in_o west-â—ex_a where_o he_o exercise_v very_o great_a hostility_n to_o prevent_v his_o incursion_n edric_n and_o edmund_n bastard-son_n to_o edelred_n raise_v their_o force_n separately_z bâ—â—_n when_o both_o army_n be_v unite_v they_o dare_v not_o whâ—ther_o for_o fear_n or_o the_o dissension_n of_o the_o two_o general_n fight_v with_o the_o dane_n edmund_z therefore_o pass_v to_o the_o north_n and_o join_v with_o vthred_a duke_n of_o northumberland_n and_o both_o together_o descend_v and_o spoil_v stafford_n leicester_n and_o shropshire_n on_o the_o other_o side_n cnute_n march_v forcible_o through_o buckingham_n bedford_z huntingtonshire_n and_o so_o by_o stafford_n pass_v towards_o york_n whither_o vthred_n hasten_v and_o find_v 〈◊〉_d other_o remedy_n submit_v himself_o with_o all_o the_o northumbrian_n to_o cnute_n give_v hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o what_o they_o then_o agree_v upon_o but_o nevertheless_o this_o submission_n vthr_v be_v treacherous_o slay_v not_o without_o the_o permission_n of_o cnute_n and_o hiâ—_n dukedom_n bestow_v upon_o one_o egrick_n a_o dane_n whereupon_o edmund_n leave_v they_o and_o go_v to_o his_o father_n whâ—_n lay_v sick_a at_o london_n cnute_n return_v to_o his_o ship_n present_o follow_v and_o sail_v up_o the_o thames_n towards_o london_n but_o before_o he_o can_v draw_v nigh_o the_o city_n king_n edelred_n be_v dead_a have_v prolong_v a_o long_a and_o troublesome_a reign_n for_o thirty_o seven_o year_n after_o his_o decease_n the_o english_a nobility_n choose_v his_o base_a son_n edmund_n for_o his_o eminent_a strength_n and_o hardiness_n in_o war_n surname_v ironside_n for_o their_o king_n upon_o this_o cnuâ—â—_n bring_v his_o whole_a fleet_n up_o the_o river_n to_o london_n and_o have_v cut_v a_o deep_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o town_n invest_v it_o on_o all_o side_n but_o be_v valourous_o repulse_v by_o the_o defendant_n he_o detach_v the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o fight_v with_o edmund_n who_o be_v march_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o both_o army_n come_v to_o battle_n at_o proman_n by_o gillingham_n cnute_n with_o his_o dane_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o time_n and_o opportunity_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v to_o increase_v his_o force_n cnute_n give_v edmund_n a_o second_o battle_n at_o caerstane_n but_o edric_n almar_n and_o algar_n underhand_o side_v with_o the_o dane_n edmund_n be_v hard_o put_v to_o it_o to_o maintain_v the_o fight_n obstinate_o till_o night_n and_o weariness_n part_v they_o both_o army_n have_v sufficient_o suffer_v in_o this_o action_n edmund_n go_v to_o west-sex_n to_o reinforce_v himself_o and_o the_o dane_n return_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o london_n where_o edmundâ—â—ickly_o â—â—ickly_z follow_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o force_v cnuteâ—â—d_v â—â—d_z his_o dane_n confuse_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o â—â—ips_n and_o then_o enter_v triumphant_o into_o the_o city_n too_o day_n after_o pass_v the_o thames_n at_o brentford_n he_o â—â—ll_v upon_o the_o enemy_n back_n by_o which_o lucky_a opportunity_n obtain_v a_o considerable_a victory_n he_o return_v â—gain_o to_o raise_v recruit_n among_o the_o westsaxons_a cnute_n â—â—on_n edmund_n removal_n appear_v again_o before_o lonâ—â—n_n and_o invest_v it_o by_o land_n and_o water_n but_o all_o in_o â—â—in_n the_o besiege_v so_o manful_o and_o resolute_o defend_v themselves_o that_o it_o be_v impracticable_a to_o master_v â—â—e_z town_n before_o edmund_n can_v come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o this_o they_o present_o experience_v for_o edmund_n â—â—ter_v have_v augment_v his_o force_n cross_v again_o the_o â—hames_n
canonize_v 160._o john_n k._n of_o england_n in_o his_o way_n to_o ireland_n through_o wales_n discharge_v a_o criminal_a that_o murder_v a_o priest_n 226._o famish_v will_n de_fw-fr bruce_n and_o maud_n his_o aunt_n at_o windsor_n after_o his_o return_n 227._o the_o reason_n of_o his_o cruelty_n and_o disaffection_n to_o priest_n ib._n march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o return_n without_o success_n 229_o 230._o make_v a_o second_o expedition_n ib._n order_n foulk_n viscount_n cardyff_fw-mi to_o subdue_v those_o that_o oppose_v in_o south-wales_n and_o they_o at_o last_o do_v he_o homage_n but_o quick_o revolt_v 231_o 232._o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o wales_n 229._o make_v a_o second_o and_o three_o and_o hang_v the_o welsh_a pledge_n reconcile_v himself_o to_o rome_n and_o engage_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n with_o his_o baron_n 237._o dies_z and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n henry_n 242._o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n revolt_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o salop_n 124._o base_o use_v by_o k._n henry_n for_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o 125._o deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n 133._o forbid_v owen_n and_o madawc_n to_o retire_v to_o his_o estate_n 134._o beset_v and_o slay_v by_o madawc_n and_o llywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahern_n 137._o joseph_n bishop_n of_o llandaff_n die_v at_o rome_n 88_o ireland_n molest_v with_o locust_n 42._o ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n slay_v 28._o l._n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sytsylht_n make_v himself_o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n 79._o his_o good_a government_n ib._n slay_v meuric_n that_o rebel_v against_o he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n 80._o suppress_v another_o rebellion_n 81._o base_o slay_v ibid._n lhewelyn_n p._n of_o north-wales_n take_v david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n prisoner_n 217._o receive_v homage_n of_o most_o of_o the_o welsh_a lord_n 222._o conquer_v gwenwynwyn_n country_n 225._o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o south-w_n and_o maelgon_n flee_v 225_o 226._o marry_v joan_n king_n john_n daughter_n 224._o sue_v and_o obtain_v peace_n of_o the_o king_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o wife_n 231._o animate_v the_o lord_n of_o north-wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o a_o revolt_n against_o the_o king_n 233._o dispossess_v the_o english_a of_o all_o their_o hold_n in_o his_o country_n 237._o take_v shrewsbury_n though_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n 238._o subdue_v cardigan_n and_o carmarthen_n 240._o reconcile_v the_o â—onds_n in_o south-wales_n 241._o subdue_v powis_n 242._o refuse_v assistance_n to_o king_n john_n against_o the_o dauphine_n ibid._n make_v rynald_n bruce_n who_o have_v revolt_v submit_v to_o he_o â—43_n receive_v the_o submission_n and_o allegiance_n of_o the_o fleming_n in_o dyfed_a ibid._n subdue_v the_o revolt_a flemings_n again_o 246._o make_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n submit_v ibid._n complain_v of_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o young_a rhys_n adju_v matter_n with_o he_o 247._o seize_v the_o castle_n of_o william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n in_o wales_n and_o occasion_n a_o war_n between_o they_o 247_o 248._o worst_n the_o english_a army_n pay_v homage_n to_o henry_n iii_o 249._o destroy_v the_o march_n 252._o make_v a_o descent_n upon_o england_n 253._o be_v join_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n against_o king_n henry_n rout_v his_o army_n 254._o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o king_n territory_n 255._o make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n 256._o set_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n at_o liberty_n ibid._n bury_v his_o princess_n joan_n 257._o force_a to_o quit_v the_o siege_n of_o ruthlan_n 258._o make_v the_o welsh_a do_v homage_n to_o his_o son_n david_n ibid._n die_n his_o character_n and_o issue_n â—59_n llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi and_o owen_n gôch_v his_o brother_n declare_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 269._o quarrel_n and_o owen_n with_o his_o brother_n david_n make_v close_a prisoner_n 271._o recover_v the_o inland_n country_n of_o north-wales_n from_o the_o english_a 272._o waste_v cheshire_n ibid._n beat_v the_o irish_a by_o sea_n 273._o desire_n peace_n with_o the_o king_n but_o fail_v 277._o kind_a to_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n 278._o make_v a_o peace_n by_o the_o pope_n mediation_n with_o the_o king_n 279._o refuse_v to_o attend_v upon_o king_n edward_n coronation_n 280._o the_o reason_n for_o his_o refusal_n 281._o a_o accident_n make_v he_o pliable_a 283._o severe_a condition_n of_o peace_n impose_v upon_o he_o 284._o marry_a to_o elinor_n earl_n montfords_n daughter_n at_o worcester_n 285._o reconcile_v with_o his_o brother_n david_n and_o join_v against_o the_o english_a 286._o offer_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n conditional_o 292._o send_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o general_a answer_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o his_o proposal_n 293_o 294_o 295._o betray_v in_o buellt_n and_o kill_v 297._o london_n besiege_v by_o the_o dane_n 65._o m._n mahael_n dispossess_v of_o his_o inheritance_n by_o his_o unnatural_a mother_n nest_n mean_n and_o how_o 115._o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n stick_v to_o the_o english_a interest_n 173._o madawc_n reconcile_v to_o king_n henry_n 138._o take_a prisoner_n by_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n 139._o have_v his_o eye_n pull_v out_o by_o owen_n ibid._n madawc_n ab_fw-la owen_n gwynedh_n sail_v into_o america_n 196._o plant_n a_o colony_n there_o ib._n maelgon_n disturb_v south-wales_n 228._o beat_v by_o his_o nephew_n rhys_n and_o owen_n 229._o march_v earl_n of_o marry_v owen_n glyndwr_n daughter_n 318._o consent_v by_o indenture_n to_o divide_v england_n between_o owen_n piercy_n and_o himself_o 318._o maud_n the_o empress_n land_n in_o england_n and_o be_v receive_v at_o arundel_n 162._o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n possess_v of_o all_o wales_n 64._o dispossess_v of_o north-wales_n 67._o and_o rout_v by_o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meuric_n their_o new_a prince_n 68_o die_v without_o issue_n male_a 69._o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n make_v prince_n of_o south-wales_n 96._o slay_a in_o battle_n against_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 102._o meredith_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi prevail_v in_o south-wales_n 171._o meredith_n death_n and_o character_n 172._o merfyn_n frych_a be_v make_v king_n of_o wales_n 24._o be_v slay_v 27._o merlin_n ambrose_n and_o sylvester_n their_o time_n country_n and_o prophecy_n 10_o 11._o morgan_z hên_o die_v a_o hundred_o year_n old_a his_o marriage_n estate_n and_o issue_v 58._o morgan_z ap_fw-mi owen_n kill_v robert_n fitz-gilbert_n and_o his_o son_n 157._o slay_v 175._o morgan_z ap_fw-mi cadogan_n repent_v of_o his_o murder_n commit_v 156._o murder_n commit_v 156._o item_n 163._o n._n newmarch_n a_o norman_a obtain_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n and_o marry_v nest_n daughter_n to_o llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 115._o norman_n twice_o decimate_v and_o put_v to_o death_n in_o england_n 86._o they_o waste_v and_o plunder_v dyfe_v 103._o they_o seize_v upon_o the_o lordship_n of_o glamorgan_n 113._o the_o name_n of_o the_o adventurer_n ibid._n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o several_a lordship_n in_o wales_n 117._o divers_a of_o they_o slay_v in_o cardigan_n ibid._n rout_v again_o by_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o their_o castle_n destroy_v 118._o slaughter_v divers_a time_n by_o the_o welsh_a and_o force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n 119_o 120._o northumberland_n invade_v by_o the_o scot_n 109._o o._n offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n make_v a_o ditch_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n 20._o his_o death_n 21._o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n a_o traitor_n to_o his_o country_n 121._o make_a prince_n of_o wales_n by_o the_o english_a but_o soon_o lose_v it_o 122._o his_o death_n and_o pedigree_n 126._o owen_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n enamour_v of_o nest_n the_o wife_n of_o gerald_n king_n henry_n lieutenant_n in_o wales_n 129._o steal_v she_o away_o ibid._n fly_v into_o ireland_n 135._o return_n and_o waste_v the_o country_n in_o conjunction_n with_o maradoc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n 133._o his_o man_n slay_v a_o english_a bishop_n the_o cause_n of_o cadwgan_n his_o father_n be_v dispossess_v of_o his_o estate_n 135._o force_v to_o flee_v into_o ireland_n with_o madawc_n ibid._n return_n and_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 138._o divide_v madawc's_o estate_n between_o himself_o and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n 139._o flee_v for_o fear_n of_o king_n henry_n into_o north-wales_n 140._o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 141._o owen_n be_v brave_a and_o knight_v in_o normandy_n 142._o employ_v by_o king_n henry_n against_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n 148._o slay_v by_o gerald_n 149._o owen_n gwynedh_n succeed_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 160._o mighty_o concern_v at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o son_n run_v 165._o take_v and_o race_n the_o castle_n of_o mould_n 166._o pull_v out_o his_o nephew_n cunedah_n eye_n and_o castrate_v he_o 170._o be_v provoke_v invade_v llandhinam_n 193._o dies_fw-la his_o character_n and_o issue_n 194._o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o owen_n fychan_n dispossess_v jorwerth_n gôch_o of_o his_o estate_n in_o powis_n 192._o cyfeilioc_fw-la dies_fw-la
natural_a fortification_n the_o welsh_a still_o make_v inroad_n into_o their_o territory_n and_o seldom_o return_v without_o some_o considerable_a booty_n and_o advantage_n the_o saxon_n be_v hearty_o nettle_v at_o these_o bo-peeping_a ravager_n and_o will_v compliment_v they_o still_o to_o their_o holes_n but_o dare_v not_o pursue_v they_o further_o for_o fear_v they_o shall_v be_v entrap_v by_o such_o as_o defend_v the_o strait_n and_o passage_n into_o the_o rock_n king_n offa_n perceive_v that_o he_o can_v effect_v nothing_o by_o these_o measure_n annex_v the_o country_n about_o severn_n and_o wye_n to_o his_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n and_o plant_v the_o same_o with_o saxon_n and_o for_o a_o far_a security_n against_o the_o endless_a invasion_n of_o the_o welsh_a he_o make_v a_o deep_a ditch_n extend_v from_o one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o call_v clawdâ—_n offa_n or_o offa_n dike_n upon_o which_o account_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o powy_n be_v translate_v from_o pengwern_n now_o shrewsbury_n to_o mathraval_n in_o montgâ—meryshire_n a.d._n 795_o while_n these_o thing_n be_v transact_v in_o the_o west_n the_o dane_n begin_v to_o grow_v powerful_a at_o sea_n and_o dare_v venture_v to_o land_n in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n but_o without_o do_v any_o great_a hurt_n be_v force_v to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o ship_n again_o within_o six_o year_n after_o they_o land_v again_o in_o great_a number_n and_o prove_v much_o more_o terrible_a they_o ravage_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o linsey_n and_o northumberland_n overran_a the_o best_a part_n of_o ireland_n and_o miserable_o waste_v rechreyn_n at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o considerable_a battle_n be_v fight_v at_o ruthlan_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o welsh_a wherein_o caradoc_n king_n of_o north_n wales_n be_v kill_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n be_v as_o yet_o green_a and_o not_o firm_o root_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o perpetual_a quarrel_n and_o disturbance_n between_o the_o welsh_a and_o the_o saxon_n so_o that_o the_o chief_a person_n or_o lord_n of_o any_o country_n assume_v to_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o king_n caradoc_n be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a esteem_n and_o reputation_n in_o north_n wales_n and_o one_o that_o do_v very_o much_o contribute_v towards_o the_o security_n of_o the_o country_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o saxon_n he_o be_v son_n to_o gwyn_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n the_o son_n of_o ednowen_a son_n to_o blethyn_n the_o son_n of_o blecius_fw-la or_o bledericus_n prince_n of_o cornwall_n and_o devonshire_n offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v he_o and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n egfert_n who_o in_o a_o short_a time_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n also_o to_o kenulphus_n a_o year_n after_o that_o egbertus_fw-la be_v create_v king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v arthen_a son_n to_o sitsylht_n the_o son_n of_o clydawc_n king_n of_o cardigan_n and_o sometime_o after_o run_v king_n of_o dyfed_a and_o cadelh_n king_n of_o powy_n who_o be_v follow_v by_o elbodius_n archbishop_n of_o north_n wales_n before_o who_o death_n happen_v a_o very_a severe_a eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o moon_n be_v likewise_o a.d._n 808_o eclipse_v upon_o christmas-day_n these_o fatality_n and_o eclipse_n do_v portend_v no_o success_n to_o the_o welsh_a affair_n the_o lay_n of_o s._n david_n in_o ash_n by_o the_o west_n saxon_n be_v follow_v by_o a_o general_a and_o a_o very_a grievous_a murrain_n of_o cattle_n which_o be_v like_a to_o impoverish_v the_o whole_a country_n the_o follow_a year_n owen_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o terudos_n dye_v and_o the_o castle_n of_o deganwy_n be_v ruin_v and_o destroy_v by_o thunder_n but_o these_o several_a loss_n which_o the_o welsh_a sustain_v can_v not_o reconcile_v prince_n conan_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n but_o they_o must_v needs_o quarrel_v and_o contend_v with_o one_o another_o when_o they_o have_v the_o great_a occasion_n to_o embrace_v and_o unite_v their_o endeavour_n against_o the_o common_a enemy_n howel_n claim_v the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n as_o part_v of_o his_o father_n inheritance_n which_o conan_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n hearken_v to_o nor_o consent_n that_o his_o brother_n shall_v take_v possession_n of_o it_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o wales_n that_o a_o father_n estate_n shall_v be_v equal_o distribute_v between_o all_o his_o son_n and_o howel_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o custom_n common_o call_v gavelkind_n from_o the_o word_n gafel_n to_o hold_v claim_v that_o island_n as_o his_o father_n estate_n this_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o ruin_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n in_o wales_n which_o be_v endless_o divide_v between_o the_o several_a son_n of_o the_o same_o family_n be_v at_o length_n reduce_v to_o nothing_o from_o hence_o also_o proceed_v several_a unnatural_a war_n and_o disturbance_n between_o brother_n who_o be_v either_o not_o satisfy_v with_o their_o portion_n or_o displease_v with_o the_o country_n they_o be_v to_o possess_v dispute_v their_o right_n by_o dint_n of_o the_o sword_n this_o prove_v very_o true_a in_o this_o present_a instance_n for_o howel_n will_v not_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v cheat_v out_o of_o his_o paternal_a inheritance_n and_o therefore_o he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o recover_v it_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n both_o army_n be_v engage_v the_o victory_n fall_v to_o howel_n who_o immediate_o thereupon_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o island_n and_o valiant_o maintain_v it_o against_o the_o power_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o brother_n conan_n the_o welsh_a be_v thus_o at_o variance_n and_o enmity_n among_o themselves_o and_o strive_v how_o to_o destroy_v one_o another_o have_v yet_o another_o disaster_n add_v to_o their_o misfortune_n for_o the_o follow_a year_n they_o receive_v a_o very_a considerable_a loss_n by_o thunder_n which_o very_o much_o spoil_v and_o annoy_v the_o country_n and_o lay_v several_a house_n and_o town_n in_o ash_n about_o the_o same_o time_n gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o run_v a_o person_n of_o considerable_a quality_n in_o wales_n dye_v and_o griffri_n the_o son_n of_o kyâ—gen_n be_v treacherous_o murder_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o his_o brother_n elis._n but_o conan_n can_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o his_o brother_n howel_n forcible_a possession_n of_o the_o island_n of_o anglesey_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o give_v he_o another_o battle_n and_o to_o force_v he_o to_o restore_v and_o yield_v up_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o country_n which_o he_o have_v now_o violent_o keep_v in_o his_o hand_n howel_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v as_o resolute_o bend_v to_o maintain_v his_o ground_n and_o not_o to_o deliver_v up_o a_o foot_n of_o what_o he_o be_v now_o upon_o a_o double_a respect_n viz._n his_o father_n legacy_n and_o his_o late_a conquest_n owner_n of_o willing_o meet_v his_o brother_n put_v he_o to_o flight_n and_o kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o force_n conan_n be_v cruel_o enrage_v at_o this_o shameful_a overthrow_n and_o therefore_o make_v a_o firm_a resolution_n either_o to_o recover_v the_o island_n from_o his_o brother_n or_o to_o sacrifice_v his_o life_n and_o his_o crown_n in_o the_o quarrel_n have_v draw_v up_o all_o a.d._n 817_o the_o force_n he_o can_v raise_v together_o he_o march_v to_o anglesey_n to_o seek_v his_o brother_n howel_n who_o be_v too_o weak_a to_o encounter_v and_o oppose_v so_o considerable_a a_o number_n be_v compel_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n and_o to_o leave_v the_o island_n of_o anglesey_n to_o the_o mercy_n of_o his_o brother_n but_o conan_n do_v not_o live_v long_o to_o reap_v the_o satisfaction_n of_o this_o victory_n but_o die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n leave_v issue_n behind_o he_o one_o only_a daughter_n call_v esylht_v marry_v to_o a_o nobleman_n of_o wales_n name_v merfyn_n frych_n he_o be_v son_n to_o gwyriad_n or_o vriet_n the_o son_n of_o elidure_n who_o lineal_o descend_v from_o belinus_n the_o brother_n of_o brennus_n king_n of_o the_o britain_n his_o mother_n be_v nest_n the_o daughter_n of_o cadelh_n king_n of_o powy_n the_o son_n of_o brochwel_n yscithroc_n who_o together_o with_o cadfan_n king_n of_o britain_n morgan_n king_n of_o demetia_n and_o bledericus_n king_n of_o cornwall_n give_v that_o memorable_a overthrow_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n upon_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi in_o the_o year_n 617._o this_o brochwel_n by_o the_o latin_a writer_n name_v brecivallus_fw-la and_o brochmaelus_fw-la be_v a_o very_a considerable_a prince_n in_o that_o part_n of_o britain_n call_v powys-land_n as_o also_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o live_v in_o the_o town_n then_o call_v pengwern_n powy_n now_o salop_n in_o the_o house_n where_o since_o the_o college_n of_o s._n
fight_v withâ—â—_n and_o rahald_v be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n compel_v to_o â—â—swear_v the_o king_n land_n and_o never_o to_o return_v any_o â—ore_o to_o england_n king_n edward_n to_o prevent_v any_o fuâ—â—re_a disturbance_n from_o such_o open_a invader_n cause_v a_o â—â—rong_a army_n to_o be_v quarter_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o â—â—vern_n but_o the_o dane_n for_o all_o he_o can_v do_v enter_v â—â—vice_n into_o his_o country_n once_o at_o werd_n and_o then_o at_o â—ortogan_n but_o be_v both_o time_n overthrow_v by_o the_o â—nglish_fw-fr from_o thence_o they_o depart_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o â—â—epen_v whence_o they_o be_v force_v by_o hunger_n to_o sail_v to_o â—outh_n wales_n intend_v to_o make_v a_o considerable_a prey_n of_o â—hat_n country_n but_o fail_v of_o their_o aim_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n for_o ireland_n but_o the_o next_o year_n a_o party_n of_o dane_n fight_v a_o very_a â—evere_a battle_n with_o the_o kentish-man_n at_o holm_n but_o which_o of_o they_o obtain_v the_o victory_n be_v not_o certain_o â—eported_v about_o the_o same_o time_n anarawd_n prince_n of_o a.d._n 913_o north_n wales_n died_z leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n foel_n and_o elis_n and_o some_o say_v a_o three_o name_v meyric_n edwal_n foel_n after_o the_o death_n of_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n edwal_n foel_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n howel_n dha_n hold_v the_o principality_n of_o southwales_n and_o powis_n at_o what_o time_n a_o terrible_a comet_n appear_v in_o the_o heaven_n the_o same_o year_n the_o city_n of_o chester_n which_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n be_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o elfleda_n new_o build_v and_o repair_v as_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o that_o city_n do_v â—â—stifie_v this_o in_o the_o ancient_a copy_n be_v call_v leycestâ—â—_n by_o a_o easy_a mistake_n for_o legecestria_fw-la or_o chester_n callâ—â—_n by_o the_o roman_n legionum_fw-la cestria_fw-la the_o next_o summer_n the_o man_n of_o dublin_n cruel_o destroy_v the_o isle_n 〈◊〉_d anglesey_n and_o soon_o after_o clydawe_n the_o son_n of_o caâ—â—â—_n be_v unnatural_o slay_v by_o his_o brother_n meyric_n about_o tâ—â—_n same_o time_n that_o the_o dane_n receive_v a_o cruel_a overthroâ—â—_n by_o the_o english_a at_o tottenhale_n but_o elfleda_n do_v 〈◊〉_d long_o survive_v the_o rebuild_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n a_o woman_n of_o singular_a virtue_n and_o one_o that_o greaâ—â—â—_n strengthen_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n by_o build_v of_o town_n and_o castle_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o tâ—â—_n danes_n as_o strengat_fw-la and_o bruge_n by_o the_o forest_n 〈◊〉_d morph_n tamworth_n stafford_n edelburgh_n cherenburgâ—_n wadeburgh_n and_o runcofe_n after_o this_o she_o enter_v wâ—â—_n her_o whole_a army_n into_o wales_n wan_a brecknock_n 〈◊〉_d take_v the_o queen_n with_o 33_o of_o her_o man_n prisoner_n which_v in_o welch_n be_v call_v gwaith_n y_o ddinas_fw-la newydh_n 〈◊〉_d the_o battle_n of_o the_o new_a city_n from_o hence_o she_o march_v for_o derby_n which_o she_o take_v from_o the_o dane_n losâ—_n only_o four_o of_o her_o chief_a commander_n in_o the_o action_n the_o occasion_n of_o these_o two_o expedition_n according_a 〈◊〉_d some_o be_v this_o huganus_n lord_n of_o west_n wales_n perceive_v king_n edward_n to_o be_v unavoidable_o busy_a in_o thâ—_n danish_n war_n gather_v a_o army_n of_o britain_n and_o â—â—tring_v into_o england_n destroy_v the_o king_n countâ—â—_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o this_o elfleda_n come_v to_o wales_n witâ—_n a_o great_a army_n fight_v with_o the_o welsh_a at_o breek_n and_o put_v huganus_n to_o flight_n take_v his_o wife_n anâ—_n some_o of_o his_o man_n prisoner_n who_o she_o carry_v wiâ—â—_n she_o to_o mercia_n huganus_n be_v thus_o defeat_v flee_v 〈◊〉_d derby_n and_o be_v there_o kind_o receive_v join_v himself_o with_o the_o king_n enemy_n the_o dane_n elfleda_n be_v certify_v of_o that_o follow_v he_o with_o her_o army_n but_o in_o storm_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n have_v four_o 〈◊〉_d her_o best_a officer_n kill_v by_o huganus_n but_o gwyane_a loâ—_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n her_o steward_n set_v fire_n to_o thâ—_n gate_n furious_o run_v upon_o the_o britain_n and_o entereâ—_n the_o town_n upon_o which_o haganus_n perceive_v himself_o to_o be_v overmatched_a choose_v rather_o to_o fall_v by_o the_o sword_n â—â—an_z cowardly_a to_o yield_v himself_o to_o a_o woman_n the_o â—ext_a year_n elfleda_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o leicester_n which_o be_v quick_o surrender_v and_o the_o dane_n thereâ—â—_n perfect_o subdue_v the_o fame_n of_o these_o several_a action_n be_v noise_v abroad_o her_o neighbour_n become_v somewhat_o fearful_a and_o timorous_a and_o the_o yorkshireâ—â—n_n voluntary_o do_v her_o homage_n and_o proffer_v their_o service_n she_o die_v at_o tamworth_n after_o eight_o year_n â—ule_a over_o mercia_n and_o lie_v bury_v at_o gloucester_n by_o s._n peter_n after_o the_o death_n of_o elfleda_n king_n edward_n most_o ungrateful_o disinherit_v her_o daughter_n alfwyen_v and_o entere_v into_o mercia_n seize_v all_o the_o land_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n upon_o pretence_n that_o she_o without_o his_o knowledge_n who_o her_o mother_n have_v appoint_v her_o guardian_n have_v privy_o promise_v and_o contract_a marriage_n with_o reynald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n but_o this_o unâ—ust_n and_o unnatural_a action_n of_o king_n edward_n may_v possible_o bring_v upon_o he_o those_o vehement_a trouble_n which_o present_o ensue_v upon_o it_o for_o leofr_v a_o dane_n â—nd_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o west_n wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o snowdon_n and_o mind_v to_o bring_v all_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o to_o their_o subjection_n overran_a and_o subdue_v all_o the_o country_n to_o chester_n before_o king_n edward_n be_v certify_v of_o their_o arrival_n whereat_o be_v sore_o offend_v and_o loath_a to_o trouble_v his_o subject_n for_o help_n vow_v that_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n with_o their_o single_a force_n will_v be_v revenge_v upon_o leofred_n and_o gruffydh_n and_o thereupon_o march_v to_o chester_n force_v the_o city_n from_o they_o then_o he_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o too_o battle_n whereof_o he_o and_o his_o son_n ethelstan_n lead_v the_o first_o edmund_z and_o edred_n the_o second_o and_o follow_v they_o so_o close_o that_o he_o overtake_v they_o at_o the_o forest_n of_o walewode_n now_o sherwode_n where_o leofred_n and_o gruffydh_n set_v upon_o they_o so_o fierce_o that_o the_o king_n at_o first_o be_v in_o some_o danger_n until_o athelstane_n step_v in_o and_o wound_v the_o dane_n in_o the_o arm_n in_o that_o manner_n that_o be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o hold_v his_o spear_n the_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o atholstâ—ne_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n edmund_n and_o edred_n encounter_v with_o gruffydh_n slay_v he_o and_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o their_o father_n and_o leofreds_n head_n be_v likewise_o cut_v off_o they_o be_v both_o set_v up_o upon_o the_o town_n of_o chester_n and_o than_o edward_n together_o with_o his_o son_n victorious_o return_v home_o but_o king_n edward_n have_v a.d._n 924_o build_v glademutham_n soon_o after_o this_o die_v at_o farandon_n and_o his_o son_n alfred_n the_o same_o time_n at_o oxford_n and_o be_v both_o bury_v at_o winchester_n edward_n be_v dead_a his_o base_a son_n athelstane_n for_o many_o excellent_a virtue_n appear_v in_o he_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o worthy_a prince_n of_o the_o saxon_a blood_n that_o ever_o reign_v he_o overcome_v cudfryd_n the_o father_n of_o raynald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n at_o york_n and_o be_v invade_v by_o hawlaf_n king_n of_o ireland_n who_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o dane_n march_v against_o he_o give_v he_o battle_n at_o brimestbury_n and_o obtain_v a_o very_a notorious_a victory_n king_n hawlaf_n together_o with_o the_o king_n of_o the_o scot_n five_o king_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o norman_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n become_v subject_a to_o he_o which_o none_o of_o his_o predecessor_n a.d._n 933_o ever_o attempt_v sometime_o after_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o cardigan_n and_o then_o athelstane_n enter_v with_o his_o army_n into_o wales_n force_v the_o prince_n thereof_o to_o pay_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 20_o l._n in_o gold_n 300_o l._n in_o silver_n and_o 200_o head_n of_o cattle_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o observe_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n wherein_o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o the_o prince_n of_o aberffraw_n shall_v pay_v no_o more_o to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n than_o 66_o l._n tribute_n and_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o dinefawr_n and_o powis_n shall_v
in_o northumberland_n and_o be_v with_o much_o rejoice_v receive_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o before_o he_o can_v secure_v himself_o in_o the_o government_n he_o be_v shameful_o banish_v the_o country_n and_o so_o the_o northumbrian_n elect_v one_o hircius_n the_o son_n of_o harold_n for_o their_o king_n but_o to_o show_v the_o inconstancy_n of_o a_o unsettled_a multitude_n they_o soon_o grow_v weary_a of_o hircius_n and_o after_o three_o year_n space_n expel_v he_o and_o voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o edred_n who_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v eight_o year_n dye_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n to_o he_o succeed_v edwin_n the_o son_n of_o edmund_n a_o man_n so_o immoderate_o give_v to_o venety_n that_o he_o forcible_o marry_v another_o man_n wife_n for_o which_o and_o other_o irregularity_n his_o subject_n after_o four_o year_n reign_v set_v up_o his_o brother_n edgar_n who_o be_v crown_v in_o his_o stead_n with_o a.d._n 958_o grief_n of_o which_o he_o soon_o end_v his_o day_n the_o summer_n that_o same_o year_n prove_v so_o immoderate_o hot_a that_o it_o cause_v a_o very_a dismal_a plague_n in_o the_o follow_a spring_n which_o sweep_v away_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n before_o which_o gwgan_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderie_n die_v at_o this_o time_n jevaf_a and_o jago_n forcible_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o act_v according_a to_o their_o own_o good_a pleasure_n no_o one_o dare_v to_o confront_v or_o resist_v they_o but_o for_o all_o their_o power_n the_o son_n of_o abloio_n king_n of_o ireland_n venture_v to_o land_n in_o anglesey_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhead_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o lhyn_n also_o the_o son_n of_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n destroy_v and_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n to_o a.d._n 961_o towyn_n where_o they_o be_v intercept_v and_o slay_v about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v meyric_n the_o son_n of_o cadfan_n rytherch_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n not_o long_o after_o the_o country_n of_o north-wales_n be_v cruel_o a.d._n 965_o waste_v by_o the_o army_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n the_o occasion_n of_o which_o invasion_n be_v the_o nonpayment_n of_o the_o tribute_n that_o the_o king_n of_o aberffraw_n by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n but_o at_o length_n a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o condition_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n instead_o of_o money_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o tribute_n of_o 300_o wolf_n yearly_a which_o creature_n be_v then_o very_o pernicious_a and_o destructive_a to_o england_n and_o wales_n this_o tribure_n be_v due_o perform_v for_o two_o year_n the_o three_o year_n there_o be_v none_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n so_o that_o afterward_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n become_v exempt_a from_o pay_v any_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n a.d._n 966_o the_o terror_n apprehend_v from_o the_o english_a be_v by_o these_o mean_v vanish_v there_o threaten_v another_o cloud_n from_o ireland_n for_o the_o irish_a be_v animate_v by_o their_o late_a expedition_n land_v again_o in_o anglesey_n and_o have_v slay_v roderic_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n foel_n they_o destroy_v aboffraw_n and_o this_o danger_n be_v over_o jevaf_a and_o a.d._n 967_o â—ago_n who_o have_v joint_o and_o agreeable_o till_o now_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n â—ha_n begin_v to_o quarrel_n and_o disagree_v among_o themselves_o and_o jago_n have_v forcible_o lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o brother_n 〈◊〉_d confine_v he_o to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n these_o heat_n and_o animosity_n between_o the_o two_o brother_n a.d._n 968_o give_v occasion_n and_o opportunity_n to_o owen_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n to_o carve_v for_o himself_o who_o present_o seize_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o country_n of_o gwyr_n and_o to_o a.d._n 969_o augment_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o welsh_a at_o this_o time_n mactus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o harold_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n entere_v the_o isle_n of_o anglescy_n and_o spoil_v penmon_n king_n edgar_z be_v so_o indulgent_a to_o these_o dane_n that_o he_o permit_v they_o to_o inhabit_v through_o all_o england_n insomuch_o that_o at_o length_n they_o become_v to_o be_v as_o numerous_a â—nd_n as_o strong_a as_o the_o english_a themselves_o and_o fall_v into_o â—uch_n lewd_a course_n of_o debauchery_n and_o such_o horrid_a drink_v that_o very_o great_a mischief_n ensue_v thereupon_o the_o king_n to_o reform_v this_o immoderate_a sottishness_n enact_v a_o law_n that_o very_o one_o shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o so_o stamp_v a_o mark_n upon_o every_o vessel_n how_o â—â—at_a it_o shall_v be_v fill_v but_o harold_n have_v take_v pennon_n a.d._n 970_o make_v subject_n to_o himself_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o however_o he_o do_v not_o keep_v long_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o same_o and_o to_o return_v home_o as_o do_v the_o fleet_n of_o king_n alfred_n which_o he_o have_v send_v to_o subdue_v caâ—rlheon_n upon_o vsc_n and_o now_o be_v rid_v of_o the_o a.d._n 971_o english_a and_o dane_n the_o welsh_a begin_v to_o raise_v commotion_n among_o themselves_o jevaf_fw-mi continue_v still_o in_o prison_n a.d._n 972_o to_o rescue_v who_o his_o son_n howel_n raise_v his_o power_n and_o march_v against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n who_o be_v vanquish_v in_o sight_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n to_o â—ave_n himself_o howel_n have_v win_v the_o day_n take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n prisoner_n and_o pull_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n clap_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o in_o a_o woeful_a condition_n he_o short_o die_v leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonafal_n the_o first_o of_o which_o live_v to_o be_v afterward_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o revenge_v upon_o the_o posterity_n of_o howel_n that_o unnatural_a barbarity_n show_v to_o his_o father_n but_o though_o howel_n deliver_v his_o father_n from_o his_o long_a and_o tedious_a imprisonment_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o principality_n for_o whether_o by_o age_n or_o infirmity_n he_o be_v incapable_a howel_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o sole_a government_n of_o wales_n which_o he_o keep_v and_o maintain_v for_o his_o life-time_n but_o afterward_o it_o descend_v to_o his_o brethren_n for_o jevaf_n have_v issue_n beside_o this_o howel_n meyric_n iâ—vaf_n and_o cadwalhan_n all_o three_o man_n of_o great_a repuâ—â—_n and_o esteem_n about_o this_o time_n die_v morgan_n hên_o in_o his_o young_a day_n call_v morgan_z mawr_z be_v a_o hundred_o yearâ—_n old_a have_v live_v fifty_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o hâ—â—_n wife_n elen_n daughter_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a by_o whoâ—_n he_o have_v one_o son_n call_v owen_n morgan_z be_v a_o valiant_a anâ—_n a_o victorious_a prince_n and_o well_o belove_v of_o his_o subject_n 〈◊〉_d but_o sometime_o before_o his_o death_n owen_n the_o son_n oâ—_n prince_n howel_n dha_n lay_v claim_n to_o ystradwy_n and_o eâ—y_n call_v the_o two_o sleeve_n of_o gwent_n vwchcoed_n be_v thâ—_n right_o of_o morgan_n and_o seize_v upon_o they_o to_o his_o owâ—_n use_v but_o the_o matter_n through_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n be_v by_o both_o party_n refer_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n it_o be_v by_o he_o adjudge_v that_o the_o say_v land_n do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o morgan_n and_o to_o the_o diocese_n of_o lhandaff_n and_o that_o owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n have_v wrongful_o possess_v himself_o of_o they_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o say_a award_n waâ—_n make_v before_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n at_n may_v be_v see_v at_o lhandaff_n in_o a_o old_a manuscript_n call_v y_o cwtta_n cyfarwydd_n 〈◊〉_d forgannwg_n and_o there_o be_v somewhat_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n in_o the_o old_a book_n of_o lhandaff_n only_o the_o mistake_n in_o both_o be_v that_o they_o make_v howel_n dha_n the_o intruder_n into_o the_o say_a land_n who_o have_v be_v dead_a at_o least_o twenty_o year_n before_o king_n edgar_n begin_v his_o reign_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi howel_n after_o that_o he_o have_v expel_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o force_v he_o to_o quit_v his_o own_o dominion_n â—â—ok_v upon_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o wales_n in_o â—â—ght_n of_o his_o father_n who_o though_o alive_a yet_o by_o reason_n of_o â—â—s_o year_n be_v willing_a to_o decline_v it_o about_o the_o same_o 〈◊〉_d dwnwalhon_n prince_n of_o stradclwyd_n take_v his_o journey_n for_o rome_n and_o edwalhon_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n â—f_n south-wales_n die_v but_o the_o english_a receive_v a_o â—â—eater_a blow_n by_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n who_o be_v prince_n of_o
and_o rytherch_n 〈◊〉_d caradoc_n the_o joint_a ruler_n of_o south-wales_n and_o the_o march_v confident_o to_o find_v they_o both_o army_n meâ—_n together_o and_o fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v camdhwr_n wheâ—_n after_o a_o sore_a engagement_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n at_o length_n obtain_v a_o glorious_a victory_n in_o north_n wales_n the_o same_o time_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n have_v establish_v his_o possession_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n intend_v to_o proceed_v far_o in_o the_o continent_n of_o wales_n to_o which_o end_n have_v transport_v his_o force_n over_o the_o river_n encamp_v in_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o carnarvonshire_n propose_v to_o reduce_v north-wales_n by_o degree_n trahaâ—â—_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v inform_v of_o this_o descent_n of_o grâ—fydh's_n make_v all_o possible_a speed_n to_o prevent_v his_o far_a progress_n and_o have_v make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n that_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o opportunity_n will_v permit_v he_o draw_v up_o his_o force_n to_o bronyr_n erw_n where_o he_o give_v gruffydh_n battle_n and_o in_o fine_a put_v he_o to_o a_o shameful_a flight_n so_o that_o he_o be_v glad_a to_o retire_v back_o safe_a tâ—_n anglesey_n a.d._n 1074_o the_o next_o year_n rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n die_v be_v murder_v through_o the_o unnatural_a villainy_n of_o his_o cousin-german_a meyrchaon_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n after_o who_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi owen_n obtain_v the_o soâ—â—_n government_n of_o south-wales_n but_o his_o enjoyment_n oâ—_n the_o whole_a principality_n be_v not_o very_a last_a and_o scarcâ—_n a.d._n 1075_o at_o all_o void_a of_o trouble_n and_o vexation_n of_o war._n foâ—_n short_o after_o the_o death_n of_o caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n think_v they_o may_v easy_o now_o foil_n and_o vanquish_v one_o see_v they_o have_v sometime_o ago_o victorious_o overcome_v both_o prince_n together_o with_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v raise_v set_v upon_o rhys_n again_o at_o a_o place_n call_v gwanyffyd_v who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v their_o number_n be_v rouâ—ed_v and_o force_v to_o flee_v however_o the_o blow_n be_v not_o so_o mortal_a but_o that_o rhys_n gather_v together_o new_a levy_n by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o he_o be_v embolden_v still_o to_o maintain_v himself_o in_o his_o principality_n but_o fortune_n which_o have_v advance_v he_o to_o the_o crown_n seem_v now_o to_o frown_v at_o and_o cross_v all_o his_o endeavour_n and_o undertake_n and_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o very_a weak_a condition_n in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d battle_n he_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o a_o fresh_a enemy_n before_o 〈◊〉_d can_v have_v sufficient_a time_n to_o recover_v and_o recruit_v â—â—self_n for_o trahaern_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n prince_n of_o north-wales_a perceive_v the_o weakness_n and_o inability_n of_o rhys_n make_v opposition_n against_o any_o foreign_a enemy_n that_o â—â—â—aded_v his_o territory_n think_v it_o now_o very_o feasible_a 〈◊〉_d obtain_v the_o conquest_n of_o south-wales_n and_o then_o 〈◊〉_d annex_v it_o to_o his_o own_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n â—â—ing_n egg_v on_o by_o these_o pleasant_a imagination_n he_o disâ—â—â—ched_v his_o army_n to_o south-wales_n to_o fight_v with_o rhys_n 〈◊〉_d so_o with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v possible_o levy_v as_o lay_v his_o whole_a fortune_n upon_o the_o event_n of_o this_o battle_n â—â—dly_o meet_v he_o at_o pwlhgwttic_a where_o after_o a_o tedious_a â—â—ght_n on_o both_o side_n rhys_n have_v lose_v the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o â—â—my_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o so_o warm_o pursue_v that_o â—â—er_o long_o shift_v from_o place_n to_o place_n himself_o with_o his_o â—â—other_n howel_n fall_v at_o length_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n 〈◊〉_d gruffydh_n who_o put_v they_o both_o to_o death_n in_o revenge_n 〈◊〉_d the_o base_a murder_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n by_o they_o â—â—merly_o transact_v the_o principality_n of_o south-walesâ—â—ing_a â—â—ing_z thus_o vacant_a by_o the_o death_n of_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rhysâ—â—n_o â—â—n_z to_o theodor_n ap_fw-mi eineon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n â—â—lawful_a heir_n to_o that_o government_n put_v in_o his_o claim_n â—hich_v be_v very_o plain_a and_o evident_a so_o prevail_v with_o â—â—e_z people_n of_o the_o country_n that_o they_o unanimous_o â—â—ected_v he_o for_o their_o prince_n much_o against_o the_o expedition_n of_o trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n â—he_n next_o year_n s._n david_n suffer_v great_o by_o stranger_n a.d._n 1077_o â—ho_n land_v there_o in_o a_o considerable_a number_n spoil_v use_v destroy_v the_o whole_a town_n short_o after_o which_o â—â—rbarous_a action_n abraham_n bishop_n of_o that_o sea_n â—â—ed_v and_o than_o sulien_n who_o the_o year_n before_o have_v relinquish_v and_o resign_v up_o that_o bishopric_n be_v compel_v to_o resume_v it_o the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n both_o north_n and_o a.d._n 1079_o â—â—uth_n have_v be_v now_o for_o a_o long_a time_n supply_v by_o usurper_n and_o forcible_o detain_v from_o the_o right_n and_o legal_a inheritor_n but_o providence_n will_v suffer_v injustice_n to_o â—eign_v no_o long_o and_o therefore_o restore_v the_o rightful_a heir_n to_o their_o principality_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n have_v actual_a possession_n of_o south-wales_n and_o there_o wanteâ—_n no_o more_o at_o this_o time_n but_o to_o bring_v in_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi câ—nan_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n both_o the_o prince_n be_v indisputable_o right_a and_o lawful_a heir_n 〈◊〉_d their_o respective_a government_n as_o lineal_o descendeâ—_n from_o roderic_n the_o great_a who_o be_v legal_a proprietor_n 〈◊〉_d all_o wales_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n have_v already_o reduce_v thâ—_n isle_n of_o anglesey_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o levy_v a_o sufficieâ—_n army_n from_o thence_o to_o oppose_v trahaern_a he_o invite_v oâ—_n a_o great_a party_n of_o irish_a and_o scot_n and_o then_o with_o 〈◊〉_d whole_a army_n join_v with_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n prince_n 〈◊〉_d south-wales_n trahaern_v in_o like_a manner_n associate_a himself_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_n and_o mailyr_n the_o son_n 〈◊〉_d rywalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwyn_n his_o cosin-germans_a the_o great_a aâ—â—_n most_o powerful_a man_n then_o in_o wales_n draw_v up_o his_o fâ—â—ces_n together_o with_o resolution_n to_o fight_v they_o boâ—â—_n army_n meet_v upon_o the_o mountain_n of_o carno_n a_o terrible_a and_o a_o cruel_a battle_n ensue_v present_o thereupon_o which_o prove_v the_o more_o fierce_a and_o bloody_a by_o reasâ—â—_n that_o both_o party_n resolute_o refer_v their_o whole_a fortune_n to_o the_o success_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o life_n woâ—â—â—_n prove_v vain_a if_o the_o day_n be_v lose_v but_o after_o a_o disâ—â—â—_n fight_v on_o both_o side_n the_o victory_n fall_v at_o last_o to_o gruffyâ—â—_n and_o rhys_n trahaern_v with_o his_o cousin_n be_v all_o slay_a 〈◊〉_d the_o field_n after_o who_o death_n gruffydh_n take_v possessâ—â—â—_n of_o north_n wales_n and_o so_o the_o rule_n of_o all_o wales_n afâ—â—â—_n a_o tedious_a interval_n be_v again_o restore_v to_o the_o rigâ—â—_n line_n about_o the_o same_o time_n vrgency_n ap_fw-mi sitsyâ—â—â—â—_n person_n of_o noble_a quality_n in_o wales_n be_v treacherous_a murder_v by_o the_o son_n of_o rhys_n sais_n or_o the_o englisâ—man_n by_o which_o name_n the_o welsh_a be_v accustom_v to_o denominate_v all_o person_n as_o either_o have_v live_v any_o considerable_a time_n in_o england_n or_o can_v fluent_o and_o handsome_o speak_v the_o english_a tongue_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n be_v confirm_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n in_o â—â—â—t_n of_o south-wales_n there_o be_v no_o body_n that_o can_v â—â—â—ate_v they_o any_o molestation_n or_o disturbance_n upon_o the_o â—â—count_n of_o right_n which_o be_v unquestionable_o just_a that_o they_o quiet_o enjoy_v for_o some_o time_n their_o reâ—â—â—ctive_a dominion_n without_o apprehension_n of_o any_o other_o â—â—â—â—etender_n indeed_o it_o have_v seldom_o be_v know_v before_o â—â—â—t_o that_o one_o of_o the_o prince_n be_v a_o usurper_n and_o particular_o in_o north-wales_n where_o from_o the_o time_n of_o edâ—â—â—_n foel_n none_o have_v legal_o ascend_v to_o the_o crown_n â—â—â—cepting_v edwal_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n elder_a son_n to_o â—â—wal_a foel_n in_o who_o line_n the_o undoubted_a title_n of_o â—â—rth-wales_n lawful_o descend_v and_o the_o right_a line_n â—â—â—ng_v now_o restore_v in_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi conan_n the_o same_o leâ—â—lly_o continue_v to_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi the_o last_o â—â—ince_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n but_o during_o these_o revolution_n in_o wales_n some_o thing_n memorable_a be_v transact_v in_o england_n malcolm_z king_n of_o the_o scot_n descend_v into_o northumberland_n ravage_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n without_o mercy_n carry_v away_o a_o great_a numâ—â—r_n of_o prisoner_n after_o which_o the_o northumbrian_n fall_v â—â—on_n walter_n bishop_n of_o durham_n who_o they_o slay_v together_o with_o a_o hundred_o man_n whilst_o he_o sit_v keep_v
sixty_o eight_o and_o in_o she_o right_o create_v he_o lord_n powy_n this_o john_n charleton_n lord_n powy_n be_v aid_v and_o support_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n quick_o break_v all_o their_o measure_n and_o have_v take_v lhewelyn_n john_n and_o david_n his_o wife_n uncle_n he_o put_v they_o in_o safe_a custody_n in_o the_o king_n castle_n of_o harlech_n and_o then_o obtain_v a_o writ_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o shropshire_n and_o to_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n lord_n of_o chirkland_n and_o justice_n of_o north-wales_n for_o the_o apprehension_n of_o gruffydh_n fychan_n with_o his_o son_n in_o law_n sir_n roger_n chamber_n and_o hugh_n montgomery_n who_o be_v then_o in_o actual_a hostility_n against_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n hawys_n but_o gruffydh_n fychan_n and_o his_o accomplice_n suspect_v their_o own_o strength_n and_o have_v lose_v thomas_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n their_o main_a support_n think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n touch_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o hawys_n who_o find_v upon_o record_n how_o that_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n ancestor_n to_o the_o say_v hawys_n upon_o his_o submission_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thereupon_o be_v create_v baron_n of_o powy_n which_o barony_n he_o and_o his_o posterity_n have_v ever_o since_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la from_o the_o king_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o hawys_n have_v more_o right_o to_o her_o father_n possession_n now_o in_o their_o hand_n than_o any_o pretence_n they_o can_v lay_v to_o her_o estate_n but_o to_o make_v a_o final_a determination_n of_o this_o matter_n and_o to_o compose_v the_o difference_n more_o amicable_o betwixt_o they_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o hawys_n shall_v enjoy_v her_o inheritance_n in_o fee-simple_a to_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n for_o ever_o after_o the_o tenure_n of_o england_n and_o that_o her_o uncle_n lhewelyn_n john_n david_n and_o gruffydh_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v their_o portion_n and_o the_o same_o to_o descend_v to_o their_o heir_n males_n perpetual_o but_o in_o default_n of_o such_o heir_n males_n the_o same_o be_v to_o descend_v to_o hawys_n and_o her_o heir_n but_o william_n lord_n of_o mowdhwy_a the_o four_o brother_n call_v otherwise_o wilcock_n mowdhwy_a because_o he_o do_v not_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n against_o hawys_n have_v all_o his_o land_n confirm_v to_o he_o and_o to_o all_o his_o heir_n both_o male_a and_o female_a for_o ever_o he_o marry_v elinor_n the_o sister_n of_o elen_n owen_n glyndwr_n mother_n who_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n john_n de_fw-fr mowdhwy_fw-fr who_o daughter_n elizabeth_n be_v heir_n to_o his_o whole_a estate_n be_v marry_v to_o one_o sir_n hugh_n burgh_n knight_n his_o son_n sir_n john_n burgh_n lord_n of_o mowdhwy_a marry_v jane_n the_o daughter_n of_o sir_n william_n clapton_n of_o glocestershire_n by_o who_o he_o have_v four_o daughter_n elizabeth_n ancreda_n isabel_n and_o elinor_n the_o first_o of_o who_o be_v marry_v to_o thomas_n newport_n the_o second_o to_o john_n leighton_n of_o stretton_n the_o three_o to_o john_n lingen_n and_o the_o young_a to_o tho._n mytton_n who_o by_o equal_a distribution_n have_v the_o lordship_n of_o mowdhwy_a divide_v betwixt_o they_o but_o john_n charleton_n lord_n of_o powy_n have_v issue_n by_o his_o wife_n hawys_n a_o son_n name_v john_n who_o enjoy_v the_o same_o lordship_n for_o about_o seven_o year_n and_o then_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n of_o the_o same_o name_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o powy_n fourteen_o year_n and_o than_o it_o descend_v to_o his_o son_n call_v also_o john_n charleton_n who_o enjoy_v his_o father_n estate_n twenty_o seven_o year_n but_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n fall_v to_o his_o brother_n edward_n charleton_n this_o edward_n have_v issue_n by_o his_o wife_n elinor_n the_o daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o thomas_n earl_n of_o kent_n and_o the_o widow_n of_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n two_o daughter_n jane_n and_o joyce_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n john_n grace_n knight_n and_o the_o second_o to_o john_n lord_n tipâ—oft_a who_o son_n be_v by_o king_n henry_n vi_o create_a earl_n of_o worcester_n but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o elinor_n this_o edward_n lord_n powy_n marry_v elizabeth_n the_o daughter_n of_o sir_n john_n barkley_n knight_n and_o so_o after_o his_o death_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1420._o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n whereof_o his_o widow_n elizabeth_n have_v for_o her_o jointure_n lhannorch_n hudol_n ystrad_n marchelâ—_n deudhwr_n and_o teirtref_o and_o be_v afterward_o marry_v to_o lord_n dudley_n jane_n his_o elder_a daughter_n have_v caereneon_n mechain_n mochnant_n and_o flasdinas_n and_o joyce_n have_v cyfeilioc_n and_o arust_o but_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n continue_v in_o the_o family_n of_o sir_n john_n grace_n for_o five_o descent_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n jane_n the_o last_o of_o who_o edward_n grace_n lord_n powy_n marry_v anne_n one_o of_o the_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o charles_n brandon_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n and_o die_v without_o any_o lawful_a issue_n 284._o dugdale_n bar._n engl._n tom._n ii_o p._n 284._o this_o edward_n lord_n powy_n in_o 15_o henry_n viii_o accompany_v the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n in_o the_o expedition_n then_o make_v into_o france_n and_o be_v at_o the_o take_n of_o bray_n and_o other_o place_n then_o win_v from_o the_o french_a and_o in_o 36_o henry_n viii_o be_v again_o ready_a to_o march_v in_o the_o king_n service_n he_o make_v his_o last_o testament_n whereby_o he_o settle_v the_o succession_n of_o his_o whole_a barony_n and_o lordship_n of_o powy_n his_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o pool_n with_o divers_a other_o lordship_n in_o the_o county_n of_o montgomery_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n upon_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o own_o body_n lawful_o beget_v or_o to_o be_v beget_v and_o in_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n his_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o charlton_n and_o pontisbury_n in_o shropshire_n upon_o jane_n orwell_n daughter_n of_o sir_n lewis_n orwell_n knight_n and_o her_o assign_v during_o her_o natural_a life_n and_o in_o case_n he_o shall_v die_v without_o any_o issue_n of_o his_o own_o body_n lawful_o beget_v that_o then_o edward_n grey_n his_o illegitimate_a son_n by_o the_o same_o jane_n orwell_n shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v his_o say_a barony_n and_o manor_n of_o powy_n his_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o pool_n and_o all_o other_o his_o lordship_n in_o the_o county_n of_o montgomery_n with_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o charlton_n and_o pontysbury_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n lawful_o beget_v and_o for_o lack_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o remain_v to_o that_o child_n in_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v a_o son_n wherewith_o the_o same_o jane_n orwell_n be_v then_o great_a by_o he_o and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o beget_v but_o if_o it_o shall_v not_o prove_v a_o son_n or_o if_o the_o son_n die_v without_o issue_n then_o that_o the_o whole_a barony_n of_o powy_n and_o all_o the_o premise_n beforementioned_a shall_v come_v to_o jane_n grey_n his_o daughter_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n lawful_o beget_v and_o for_o lack_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o anne_n grey_n his_o other_o daughter_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n lawful_o beget_v and_o last_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n to_o such_o woman-child_n as_o shall_v be_v bear_v of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v jane_n orwell_n but_o after_o edward_n grey_n the_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o powy_n lay_v extinct_a to_o the_o five_o year_n of_o k._n charles_n i._n when_o sir_n william_n herbert_n son_n of_o sir_n edward_n herbert_n of_o redcastle_n ancient_o call_v pool-castle_n now_o powys-castle_n in_o the_o county_n of_o montgomery_n second_o son_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o pembrock_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n powy_n of_o powy_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n in_o who_o family_n it_o still_o continue_v though_o the_o title_n have_v be_v change_v from_o a_o baron_n to_o a_o earl_n and_o since_o to_o a_o marquis_n about_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o powy_n dye_v cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madawc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n who_o have_v be_v for_o some_o considerable_a time_n at_o variance_n with_o his_o brother_n eineon_n clyd_v be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o he_o who_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n but_o the_o prince_n be_v willing_a to_o gratify_v the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o interest_n cadwalhon_n have_v
of_o lhanymdhyfri_n thence_o they_o remove_v to_o lhangadoc_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n likewise_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o garrison_n be_v permit_v to_o march_v out_o quiet_o when_o they_o have_v take_v these_o two_o castle_n they_o go_v to_o dinerth_n where_o maelgon_n finish_v the_o castle_n he_o have_v former_o begin_v there_o this_o year_n likewise_o prince_n lhewelyn_n set_v at_o liberty_n his_o uncle_n david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi who_o make_v but_o a_o sorry_a return_n to_o this_o kindness_n for_o instead_o of_o live_v peaceable_o at_o home_n and_o enjoy_v that_o liberty_n that_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o flee_v to_o england_n and_o there_o get_v a_o army_n wherewith_o he_o attempt_v to_o restore_v himself_o to_o his_o ancient_a estate_n of_o north-wales_n but_o he_o miss_v his_o mark_n for_o his_o prudent_a nephew_n immediate_o meet_v he_o on_o his_o march_n and_o give_v he_o a_o shameful_a overthrow_a wherewith_o david_n be_v so_o mighty_o dishearten_v that_o he_o present_o return_v for_o england_n and_o short_o after_o die_v for_o mere_a sorrow_n the_o next_o year_n howel_n a_o blind_a a.d._n 1204_o son_n of_o prince_n rhys_n be_v slay_v at_o camae_n by_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n man_n and_o bury_v just_a by_o his_o brother_n gruffydh_n at_o ystratflur_n but_o notwithwand_v that_o maelgon_fw-mi in_o those_o day_n usurp_v all_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o south-wales_n yet_o his_o brother_n gruffydh_n son_n rhys_n and_o his_o brethren_n wan_a from_o he_o the_o chief_a defence_n of_o all_o that_o country_n to_o wit_n the_o castle_n of_o dynefowr_n and_o lhanymdhyfri_n about_o this_o time_n william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembrock_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n and_o take_v it_o and_o not_o long_o after_o maelgon_n a.d._n 1205_o hire_a a_o irishman_n to_o kill_v gadifor_n ap_fw-mi griffri_n after_o which_o horrid_a fact_n maelgon_v seize_v upon_o his_o four_o son_n and_o put_v they_o to_o death_n these_o be_v forward_o promise_v young_a gentleman_n and_o descend_v from_o a_o noble_a stock_n for_o their_o mother_n susanna_n be_v a_o daughter_n of_o the_o say_v howel_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n by_o a_o daughter_n of_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powy_n in_o the_o year_n 1206._o maelgon_v a.d._n 1206_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o abereneon_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v such_o abundance_n of_o fish_n see_v at_o aberystwyth_n that_o the_o like_a number_n be_v never_o know_v to_o have_v come_v there_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n before_o a.d._n 1207_o this_o year_n the_o king_n of_o england_n banish_v the_o realm_n william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n and_o his_o wife_n on_o the_o account_n of_o a_o grudge_n that_o he_o bear_v his_o son_n and_o then_o seize_v upon_o all_o his_o land_n whereupon_o william_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n flee_v to_o ireland_n and_o there_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n and_o this_o hardship_n he_o now_o undergo_v be_v the_o less_o pity_v because_o he_o exercise_v the_o great_a power_n he_o have_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n with_o extreme_a cruelty_n and_o injustice_n the_o same_o year_n gwenwynwyn_n come_v to_o shrewsbury_n to_o speak_v with_o the_o king_n council_n where_o he_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n whereupon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n conquer_v all_o his_o country_n take_v all_o his_o town_n and_o castle_n and_o garrison_v they_o for_o his_o own_o use_n this_o expedition_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n mighty_o alarm_v the_o usurp_a maelgon_n and_o the_o more_o because_o he_o have_v intelligence_n that_o lhewelyn_n be_v on_o his_o march_n towards_o south-wales_n therefore_o he_o now_o put_v himself_o in_o the_o best_a posture_n he_o can_v to_o receive_v he_o but_o find_v himself_o not_o able_a to_o abide_v the_o prince_n come_v and_o to_o withstand_v his_o force_n he_o demolish_v his_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n ystratmeyric_n and_o dinerth_n which_o before_o he_o have_v fortify_v notwithstanding_o which_v the_o prince_n come_v to_o aberystwyth_n and_o rebuild_v the_o castle_n and_o put_v a_o garrison_n therein_o after_o this_o he_o seize_v upon_o the_o cantref_o of_o penwedic_n and_o the_o land_n betwixt_o dyfi_n and_o aeron_n which_o he_o give_v to_o maelgon_n nephew_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o triumph_n not_o long_o after_o rhys_n fychan_n son_n to_o prince_n rhys_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangadoc_n and_o take_v it_o contrary_a to_o the_o promise_n and_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o his_o nephew_n forget_v likewise_o how_o free_o and_o ready_o they_o have_v administer_v to_o he_o in_o his_o necessity_n therefore_o to_o be_v avenge_v of_o this_o ingratitude_n and_o breach_n of_o promise_n rhys_n and_o owen_n no_o soon_o hear_v of_o it_o but_o they_o furious_o attack_v the_o castle_n and_o take_v it_o by_o assault_n and_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n or_o take_v prisoner_n all_o the_o garrison_n and_o then_o burn_v the_o castle_n to_o the_o ground_n a.d._n 1209_o this_o year_n king_n john_n levy_v a_o powerful_a army_n with_o which_o he_o make_v a_o voyage_n to_o ireland_n but_o as_o he_o be_v on_o the_o border_n of_o wales_n on_o his_o journey_n thitherwards_o there_o be_v a_o criminal_a bring_v before_o he_o who_o have_v murder_v a_o priest_n the_o officer_n desire_v to_o know_v the_o king_n pleasure_n how_o he_o will_v have_v the_o delinquent_n punish_v but_o the_o king_n instead_o of_o order_v any_o punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o he_o suitable_a to_o the_o heinousness_n of_o his_o crime_n discharge_v he_o with_o a_o well_o do_v thou_o good_a servant_n thou_o have_v slay_v my_o enemy_n for_o such_o he_o reckon_v the_o clergy_n of_o those_o day_n who_o be_v very_o ill-affected_a to_o his_o usurp_a arbitrary_a government_n and_o therefore_o he_o slight_o regard_v any_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v they_o nay_o think_v those_o do_v he_o good_a service_n who_o do_v they_o wrong_n he_o have_v not_o be_v long_o in_o ireland_n but_o he_o get_v into_o his_o clutch_n the_o unfortunate_a william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n the_o young_a and_o his_o mother_n maud_n de_fw-fr saint_n valerike_a who_o we_o have_v mention_v afore_o to_o have_v quit_v england_n for_o fear_n of_o he_o and_o to_o have_v flee_v here_o for_o shelter_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o england_n he_o bring_v these_o in_o triumph_n along_o with_o he_o and_o commit_v they_o to_o windsor-castle_n where_o by_o his_o order_n not_o long_o after_o they_o be_v inhuman_o famish_v the_o reason_n of_o king_n john_n displeasure_n against_o william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n lord_n of_o brecnock_n 303._o pag._n 303._o matthew_n paris_n deliver_v to_o be_v this_o when_o the_o pope_n have_v excommunicate_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n the_o king_n to_o prevent_v any_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v ensue_v thereupon_o take_v pledge_n of_o such_o of_o his_o noble_n as_o he_o think_v be_v disaffect_v to_o he_o and_o will_v be_v like_a if_o occasion_n offer_v to_o countenance_n and_o promote_v a_o rebellion_n among_o other_o he_o send_v messenger_n to_o william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n to_o demand_v his_o son_n for_o pledge_n to_o who_o maud_n de_fw-fr bruce_n wife_n be_v the_o ready_a speaker_n answer_v though_o what_o she_o say_v be_v no_o less_o her_o husband_n sentiment_n than_o her_o own_o thar_z the_o king_n who_o have_v prove_v so_o base_a a_o guardian_n to_o his_o nephew_n prince_n arthur_n who_o instead_o of_o set_v in_o he_o deprive_v of_o his_o right_n shall_v have_v none_o of_o her_o child_n this_o answer_v the_o messenger_n deliver_v to_o the_o king_n whereat_o he_o be_v high_o displease_v that_o he_o order_v some_o soldier_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o seize_v this_o lord_n but_o he_o have_v timely_a intelligence_n of_o this_o order_n flee_v into_o ireland_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n where_o now_o his_o wife_n maud_n with_o her_o son_n be_v unfortunate_o take_v by_o king_n john_n but_o he_o himself_o escape_v and_o flee_v into_o france_n where_o not_o long_o after_o he_o die_v this_o year_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n rebuilt_a the_o castle_n of_o dyganwy_n situate_v on_o the_o seashore_n east_n of_o the_o river_n conway_n which_o prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v before_o demolish_v he_o likewise_o fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o treffynon_n or_o s._n wenefrid_n upon_o this_o lhewelyn_n enter_v into_o the_o earl_n land_n which_o when_o he_o have_v ravage_v sufficient_o he_o return_v home_o with_o considerable_a booty_n about_o this_o time_n rhys_n fychan_n son_n to_o prince_n rhys_n fear_v lest_o prince_n lhewelyn_n shall_v fall_v upon_o he_o for_o the_o wrong_n he_o have_v do_v to_o his_o nephew_n who_o he_o prince_n lhewelyn_n stiff_o defend_v in_o their_o right_n make_v his_o application_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o ready_o grant_v he_o what_o succour_n he_o desire_v and_o with_o these_o he_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n the_o garrison_n
to_o gruffydh_fw-mi invite_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o come_v to_o invade_v theiâ—_n country_n and_o to_o correct_v the_o unnatural_a enmity_n theiâ—_n prince_n express_v to_o his_o brother_n but_o when_o all_o difference_n be_v over_o the_o king_n of_o england_n return_v with_o his_o army_n shameful_o back_o and_o the_o prince_n anâ—_n his_o nobility_n reconcile_v the_o welsh_a may_v have_v expect_v a_o very_a happy_a time_n of_o it_o have_v not_o death_n take_v the_o prince_n so_o unnatural_o away_o before_o he_o have_v well_o know_v what_o a_o peaceful_a reign_n be_v lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi â—rince_n david_n be_v dead_a the_o principality_n of_o 〈◊〉_d north_n wales_n legal_o descend_v to_o sir_n ralph_n morâ—â—â—er_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n gladys_n daughter_n to_o â—â—â—welyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n but_o the_o welsh_a nobility_n beâ—â—â—_n assemble_v together_o for_o the_o elect_n and_o nominate_v a_o successor_n think_v it_o by_o no_o mean_n advisaâ—â—â—_n to_o admit_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o his_o â—â—de_n be_v never_o so_o lawful_a and_o especial_o a_o engâ—â—â—â—man_n by_o who_o obligation_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o engâ—â—â—d_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n expect_v to_o become_v subâ—â—â—s_n or_o rather_o slave_n to_o the_o english_a government_n â—herefore_o they_o unanimous_o agree_v to_o set_v up_o lheâ—â—â—yn_n and_o owen_n goch_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_n a_o base_a 〈◊〉_d of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n and_o brother_n to_o prince_n â—â—vid_v who_o be_v send_v for_o and_o appear_v before_o the_o assembly_n all_o the_o noble_n and_o baron_n then_o present_a 〈◊〉_d they_o homage_n and_o receive_v they_o for_o their_o soâ—â—â—eigns_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n understand_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n he_o â—â—ought_v the_o country_n be_v in_o a_o unsettled_a and_o waâ—â—ring_a condition_n he_o may_v effect_v great_a matter_n there_o use_v therefore_o he_o send_v one_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr miles_n to_o south-wales_a with_o the_o title_n of_o justice_n of_o that_o country_n â—â—th_v who_o he_o join_v in_o commission_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi â—â—ys_v gryc_a and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d eject_v and_o disinherit_v maelgon_n fychan_n of_o all_o his_o â—ands_n and_o estate_n in_o south-wales_n the_o like_a injurious_a practice_n be_v commit_v against_o howel_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n â—ho_fw-mi be_v forcible_o rob_v of_o all_o his_o estate_n in_o glamorâ—â—n_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n these_o unreasonable_a exâ—â—tions_n be_v insupportable_a maelgon_n and_o howel_n make_v â—â—own_v their_o grievance_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n desire_v their_o succour_n and_o assistance_n for_o the_o recovery_n â—f_fw-mi their_o lawful_a inheritance_n from_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o english_a but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n understand_v their_o design_n lead_v his_o army_n into_o wales_n 〈◊〉_d on_o who_o arrival_n the_o welsh_a withdraw_v themselves_o to_o snowden-hill_n where_o they_o so_o tire_v the_o englâ—â—â—_n army_n that_o the_o king_n find_v he_o can_v do_v no_o goâ—â—_n after_o some_o stay_n there_o return_v back_o to_o england_n wiâ—â—_n in_o a_o while_n after_o ralph_n mortimer_n the_o husband_n gladys_n dhu_n die_v leave_v his_o whole_a estate_n and_o wâ—â—_n it_o a_o lawful_a title_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_a to_o his_o son_n sir_n roger_n mortimer_n a.d._n 1247_o the_o next_o year_n nothing_o memorable_a pass_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a 739._o m._n paris_n p._n 739._o only_o the_o dismal_a effect_n the_o last_o year_n expedition_n be_v not_o wear_v off_o 〈◊〉_d ground_n be_v uncapable_a of_o cultivation_n and_o the_o câ—â—â—tel_n be_v in_o great_a measure_n destroy_v by_o the_o englâ—â—â—_n occasion_v great_a poverty_n and_o want_n in_o the_o countâ—â—_n but_o the_o great_a calamity_n befall_v the_o bishop_n s._n asâ—â—â—_n and_o bangor_n be_v destroy_v and_o burn_v by_o the_o english_a the_o bishop_n thereof_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o utmost_a extremity_n as_o to_o get_v their_o subsistence_n by_o other_o meâ—â—_n charity_n the_o bishop_n also_o of_o s._n david_n decease_a aâ—â—_n he_o of_o landaff_n have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o fall_v blind_a 〈◊〉_d the_o bishopric_n of_o s._n david_n succeed_v thomas_n sâ—â—â—â—_n name_v wallensis_n by_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o walâ—â—_n who_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o benefit_v his_o own_o coâ—â—try_n what_o lie_v in_o his_o power_n desire_v to_o be_v advance_v from_o the_o archdeaconry_n of_o lincoln_n to_o that_o sea_n whicâ—_n the_o king_n easy_o grant_v and_o confirm_v he_o in_o 〈◊〉_d a.d._n 1248_o the_o next_o summer_n prove_v somewhat_o more_o favourablâ—_n to_o the_o welsh_a rhys_n fychan_n son_n to_o rhys_n mechyl_n woâ—_n from_o the_o english_a the_o castle_n of_o carrec_n cynnen_n which_o his_o unkind_a mother_n out_o of_o malice_n or_o some_o ill_a opinion_n entertain_v of_o he_o have_v some_o time_n afore_o private_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o and_o about_o the_o saâ—â—_n time_n the_o body_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n base_n son_n 〈◊〉_d lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n be_v recover_v from_o the_o king_n oâ—_n england_n by_o the_o earnest_a solicitation_n of_o the_o abboâ—â—_n of_o conwey_n and_o ystratflur_n who_o convey_v it_o to_o conwey_n bestow_v upon_o it_o a_o very_a pompous_a and_o honourable_a innterment_n after_o this_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o welsh_a proceed_v a.d._n 1255_o peaceable_o for_o a_o long_a while_n and_o the_o country_n have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v its_o former_a plenty_n but_o 〈◊〉_d last_o to_o make_v good_a the_o proverb_n that_o plenty_n beget_v â—â—ar_a they_o begin_v for_o want_v of_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n to_o â—â—arrel_v and_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o owen_n be_v too_o â—â—gh_a and_o ambitious_a to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o half_a the_o prinpality_n and_o therefore_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o fling_n at_o the_o â—hole_a wherein_o fortune_n so_o far_o deceive_v he_o that_o he_o â—â—st_n his_o own_o stake_n as_o will_v afterward_o appear_v but_o â—â—e_v better_a to_o encompass_v his_o design_n by_o sly_a insinuaâ—â—ons_n he_o persuade_v david_n his_o young_a brother_n to_o seâ—â—nd_v his_o cause_n and_o they_o with_o joint_a interest_n levy_v â—â—eir_n power_n with_o intention_n to_o dethrone_v their_o elder_a â—â—other_n lhewelyn_n but_o that_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n 〈◊〉_d lhewelyn_n be_v prepare_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o with_o puissant_a army_n meet_v they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o so_o be_v â—â—â—olved_v to_o venture_v all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d be_v strange_a and_o grievous_a to_o behold_v this_o unnatural_a â—ivil_a war_n and_o the_o more_o grievous_a now_o by_o reason_n â—â—at_v it_o so_o manifest_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o withstand_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o english_a â—ho_fw-mi be_v extreme_o please_v with_o so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n to_o fall_v upon_o they_o but_o they_o be_v too_o far_o enâ—â—ged_v to_o consider_v of_o future_a inconvenience_n and_o a_o â—â—yal_a of_o war_n they_o must_v have_v though_o the_o englishâ—ere_v â—ere_z ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o both_o army_n the_o battle_n â—eing_v join_v the_o day_n prove_v bloody_a of_o both_o side_n â—nd_v whether_o be_v like_a to_o conquer_v be_v not_o present_o discover_v till_o at_o length_n owen_n begin_v to_o give_v â—round_n and_o in_o fine_a be_v overthrow_v himself_o and_o his_o â—rother_n david_n be_v take_v prisoner_n lhewelyn_n â—â—ough_o he_o have_v sufficient_a reason_n will_v not_o put_v his_o â—rothers_n to_o death_n but_o commit_v they_o into_o close_a prison_n seize_v all_o their_o estate_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n â—nd_v so_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a principality_n of_o wales_n the_o english_a see_v the_o welsh_a at_o this_o rate_n oppress_v â—nd_n destroy_v one_o another_o think_v they_o have_v full_a liberty_n to_o deal_v with_o they_o as_o they_o please_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v to_o exercise_v all_o manner_n of_o wrong_n and_o injustice_n against_o they_o insomuch_o that_o the_o next_o year_n all_o a.d._n 1256_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n come_v in_o a_o body_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o declare_v their_o grievance_n how_o unmerciful_o prince_n edward_n who_o his_o father_n have_v send_v to_o wales_n and_z other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n deal_n with_o they_o how_o without_o any_o colour_n of_o justice_n they_o seize_v upon_o their_o estate_n without_o any_o room_n for_o appeal_n whereas_o if_o themselves_o offend_v in_o the_o least_o they_o be_v punish_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n in_o fine_a they_o solemn_o declare_v that_o they_o prefer_v to_o die_v honourable_o in_o the_o field_n before_o to_o be_v so_o unmerciful_o enslave_v to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o stranger_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v not_o a_o stranger_n to_o all_o this_o and_o now_o have_v happy_o discover_v the_o bent_n and_o inclination_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v resolve_v to_o prosecute_v if_o possible_a the_o expulsion_n of_o
his_o death_n more_o lament_v by_o the_o english_a nation_n who_o have_v he_o live_v to_o sit_v upon_o the_o helm_n no_o one_o doubt_v but_o that_o he_o will_v have_v exceed_v as_o to_o all_o qualification_n the_o most_o glorious_a renown_n of_o the_o great_a of_o his_o ancestor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o live_v sir_n tudor_n vaughan_n ap_fw-mi grono_n descend_v lineal_o from_o ednyfed_a vaughan_n a_o person_n as_o to_o estate_n power_n and_o interest_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a in_o north_n wales_n upon_o some_o motive_n either_o of_o ambition_n or_o fancy_n he_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n require_v all_o people_n to_o call_v and_o style_v he_o sir_n tudor_n ap_fw-mi grono_n as_o if_o he_o do_v prognosticate_v and_o foresee_v that_o out_o of_o his_o loin_n shall_v arise_v those_o that_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o confer_v that_o honor._n king_n edward_n be_v inform_v of_o such_o unparalleled_a presumption_n send_v for_o sir_n tudor_n and_o ask_v he_o with_o what_o confidence_n he_o dare_v invade_v his_o prerogative_n by_o assume_v the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n without_o his_o authority_n sir_n tudor_n reply_v that_o by_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o king_n arthur_n he_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o take_v upon_o himself_o that_o title_n in_o regard_n he_o have_v those_o three_o qualification_n which_o whosoever_o be_v endue_v with_o can_v by_o those_o law_n claim_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o knight_n 1._o he_o be_v a_o gentleman_n 2._o he_o have_v a_o sufficient_a estate_n and_o 3._o he_o be_v valiant_a and_o adventurous_a add_v this_o withal_o if_o my_o valour_n and_o hardiness_n be_v doubt_v of_o lo_o here_o i_o throw_v down_o my_o glove_n and_o for_o due_a proof_n of_o my_o courage_n i_o be_o ready_a to_o fight_v with_o any_o man_n whatever_o he_o be_v the_o king_n appprove_v and_o like_v well_o the_o man_n forwardness_n and_o resolution_n be_v easy_o persuade_v to_o confirm_v the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n upon_o he_o from_o this_o sir_n tudor_n lineal_o descend_v henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o edmund_n earl_n of_o richmond_n the_o son_n of_o sir_n owen_n tudor_n son_n to_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o this_o sir_n tudor_n ap_fw-mi gono_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o black_a prince_n his_o son_n richard_z bear_v at_o bourdeaux_n in_o france_n be_v but_o ten_o year_n of_o age_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n at_o havering_n at_o bower_n on_o the_o 20_o day_n of_o november_n and_o in_o the_o a.d._n 1377_o 50th_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o his_o grandfather_n reign_n who_o he_o succeed_v in_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n henry_n bear_v at_o monmouth_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o henry_n the_o four_o king_n of_o england_n upon_o the_o 15_o of_o october_n in_o the_o one_a year_n of_o his_o father_n reign_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n at_o westminster_n who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o english_a crown_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o five_o whilst_o richard_n the_o second_o reign_v one_o owen_z ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi fychan_n descend_v of_o a_o young_a son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n be_v not_o a_o little_a famous_a this_o owen_n have_v his_o education_n in_o one_o of_o the_o inns-of-court_n where_o he_o become_v barister_n at_o law_n and_o afterward_o in_o very_o great_a favour_n and_o credit_n serve_v king_n richard_n and_o continue_v with_o he_o at_o flint_n castle_n till_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v take_v by_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n betwixt_o this_o owen_n and_o reginald_n lord_n grace_n of_o rhuthyn_n there_o happen_v no_o small_a difference_n touch_v a_o common_a lie_v between_o the_o lordship_n of_o rhuthyn_n whereof_o reginald_n be_v owner_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o glyndowrdwy_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o owen_n whence_o he_o borrow_v the_o name_n of_o glyndwr_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o owen_n as_o be_v a_o courtier_n and_o in_o no_o mean_a esteem_n with_o the_o king_n do_v overpower_v reginald_n who_o be_v neither_o so_o well_o befriend_v at_o court_n nor_o belove_v in_o the_o country_n as_o owen_n be_v but_o after_o king_n richard_n deposal_n the_o scene_n be_v alter_v and_o reginald_n as_o then_o better_o befriend_v than_o owen_n enter_v upon_o the_o common_a which_o occasion_v owen_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o to_o make_v his_o complaint_n in_o parliament_n against_o he_o for_o thus_o divest_v he_o of_o his_o right_n no_o redress_n be_v find_v the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n wish_v the_o lord_n to_o take_v care_n that_o by_o thus_o slight_v his_o complaint_n they_o do_v not_o irritate_fw-la and_o provoke_v the_o welsh_a to_o a_o insurrection_n to_o which_o some_o of_o the_o lord_n reply_v that_o they_o do_v not_o fear_v those_o rascally_a barefooted_n people_n glyndwr_n therefore_o perceive_v how_o his_o petition_n be_v slight_v in_o parliament_n and_o find_v no_o other_o method_n to_o redress_v himself_o have_v several_a friend_n and_o follower_n put_v himself_o in_o arm_n against_o reginald_n and_o meet_v he_o in_o the_o field_n overcome_v and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n and_o spoil_v his_o lordship_n of_o rhuthyn_n upon_o this_o many_o resort_v to_o he_o from_o all_o part_n of_o wales_n some_o think_v he_o to_o be_v in_o as_o great_a favour_n now_o as_o in_o king_n richard_n day_n other_o put_v in_o his_o head_n that_o now_o the_o time_n be_v come_v when_o the_o britain_n by_o his_o mean_n may_v again_o recover_v the_o honour_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o ancestor_n but_o reginald_n be_v thus_o keep_v prisoner_n and_o very_o severe_o handle_v by_o owen_n to_o terrify_v he_o into_o compliance_n with_o he_o in_o his_o rebellious_a act_n and_o not_o permit_v to_o have_v his_o liberty_n under_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n for_o his_o ransom_n whereof_o six_o thousand_o to_o be_v pay_v upon_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n martin_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o to_o deliver_v up_o his_o elder_a son_n with_o some_o other_o person_n of_o quality_n as_o hostage_n for_o the_o remainder_n the_o king_n at_o the_o humble_a suit_n of_o reginald_n see_v no_o other_o way_n for_o his_o enlargement_n give_v way_n thereto_o authorise_v sir_n william_n de_fw-fr roos_n sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr grey_n sir_n william_n de_fw-fr willughby_n sir_n william_n le_fw-fr zouche_n sir_n hugh_n huls_n as_o also_o john_n harvey_n william_n vaus_n john_n lee_n john_n langford_n thomas_n payne_n and_o john_n elnestow_v to_o treat_v with_o owen_n and_o his_o council_n and_o to_o conclude_v in_o what_o they_o shall_v conceive_v most_o expedient_a and_o necessary_a to_o be_v do_v for_o his_o redemption_n whereupon_o they_o consent_v to_o give_v the_o sum_n demand_v by_o glyndwr_n for_o his_o deliverance_n the_o king_n give_v licence_n to_o robert_n braybroke_n bishop_n of_o london_n as_o also_o to_o sir_n gerard_n braybroke_n the_o father_n and_o sir_n gerard_n the_o son_n than_o feoffee_n of_o divers_a lordship_n for_o this_o reginald_n to_o sell_v the_o manor_n of_o hertelegh_n in_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n towards_o the_o raise_n of_o that_o money_n and_o for_o the_o better_a enable_v he_o to_o pay_v so_o great_a a_o fine_a the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o grant_v that_o whereas_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o such_o person_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o land_n in_o ireland_n and_o do_v not_o there_o reside_v shall_v for_o such_o their_o neglect_n forfeit_v two_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o they_o to_o the_o king_n that_o notwithstanding_o this_o act_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v nothing_o for_o nonresidence_n there_o during_o the_o term_n of_o six_o year_n next_o ensue_v this_o good_a success_n over_o the_o lord_n grace_n together_o with_o the_o numerous_a resort_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o he_o and_o the_o favourable_a interpretation_n of_o the_o prophecy_n of_o merdhyn_n which_o some_o construe_v very_o advantagioussy_a make_v the_o swell_a mind_n of_o glyndwr_n overflow_v its_o bank_n and_o give_v he_o some_o hope_n of_o restore_v this_o island_n back_o to_o the_o britain_n wherefore_o he_o set_v upon_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n who_o meet_v he_o with_o a_o numerous_a party_n of_o hereford-shire_n man_n but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o close_v the_o welshman_n prove_v too_o powerful_a and_o have_v kill_v above_o a_o thousand_o man_n of_o the_o english_a they_o take_v the_o earl_n of_o march_n prisoner_n king_n henry_n upon_o this_o be_v frequent_o request_v to_o ransom_n the_o earl_n but_o to_o no_o purpose_n for_o whether_o by_o reason_n that_o mortimer_n have_v a_o just_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n than_o himself_o he_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n in_o blood_n after_o king_n richard_n who_o be_v as_o yet_o live_v or_o because_o of_o some_o other_o private_a odium_fw-la the_o king_n will_v