Selected quad for the lemma: death_n
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A29601
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Britanniæ speculum, or, A short view of the ancient and modern state of Great Britain, and the adjacent isles, and of all other the dominions and territories, now in the actual possession of His present Sacred Majesty King Charles II the first part, treating of Britain in general.
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1683
(1683)
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Wing B4819; ESTC R9195
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107,131
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325
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majorque premebat Te Furor extremum Zephyri Cornubia Limen Here lodgd of Old A Race of Titans impious and bold Their Bodies with raw Hides they clad allaid With Blood their Thirst of hollow Trees they made Their Cups their Beds were Mosse Bushes Dens Their Houses were their Chambers craggy Pens Their Hunger Prey Rape did their Lust supply The Sport of slaughtring men did please their Eye Force gat them Rule Fury them Courage gave Rage Arms a Battle Death a Grove a Grave These Monsters dwelt on Hills and did molest Each Quarter of the Land but most the West Thou Frighted Cornwall never having Rest The Druids officiated only in Groves of Oak planting for that purpose very many up and down the whole Island for they highly venerated this Tree and more especially the Missletoe growing thereon without a Branch whereof they performed no Sacrifice and which being found on a Tree was esteemed a sure Sign that the GOD whom they were then about to serve had made choise of it This was by them gathered with many Superstitious Ceremonies and great Devotion 1. They observed that at the time of gathering it the Moon was to be neither more nor less than six dayes old 2. Having prepared their Sacrifices under the Tree they brought thither two young Bullocks milk-white whose Horns were then and not before bound up 3. The Priest cloathed in white climbed the Tree and with a golden Bill cut down the Missletoe which was received below in a Souldiers white Cassock 4. They blessed the Gift mumbling over many Orisons The Missletoe thus gathered was reputed a Soveraign Antidote against Poyson and Barrenness Caesar at his coming into Britain Manners found it Inhabited by two sorts of People The more inland parts by such as esteemed themselves 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or to have had their Original out of the very Soil they lived in quos natos in Insula ipsa memoria proditum dicunt as he has it The Maritime parts being possest by such as resorted thither from Gaul and Belgium for the sake either of Traffick or Conquest The want of observing this Distinction is the Cause of the seeming Contradictions that are found in such Writers as discourse of the Manners and Customs of the ancient Britains Those on the Sea-coasts were more civilized had Houses Orchards Gardens tilled and manured their Grounds and agreed very much in manners with the Gauls but the Inlanders for want of Converse and living in a perpetual State of War were more rude and barbarous symbolizing with the Germans from whom they are thought to have had their Original The Britains are generally represented by most Authors to be of a kind and gentle Disposition not having the Craft and Subtilty of other Nations but a fair-conditioned People of a plain and upright Dealing That they were valorous none can doubt who considers with what difficulty notwithstanding the many Divisions and Quarrels amongst their own petty Princes they were subjected to the Romans how serviceable they were to them afterwards in their Wars how vigorously tho then very few their Land having been dispeopled by the Romans they withstood the numerous Forces of the Saxons whom their own Invitation first gave footing amongst them and when over-powered by them they were forced to retire into the more Western Parts of this Island how stoutly they maintained their Liberties against the English Kings both of the Saxon and Norman Race and how by a voluntary Submission rather than Force they were brought under Subjection to the Crown of England Since which time they have been out-gone by none in Loyalty and Fidelity to their Prince The Inlanders had all things amongst them in common and would not admit of any Propriety insomuch that ten or twelve of them promiscuously made use of the same Women Brethren with Brethren and Parents with their own Children the Issue which was bred up by a common Stock being more particularly reputed his who had the first Enjoyment of the Mothers Virgin Embraces They inured themselves to all Hardship being able to undergo any Cold Hunger and Labor whatever so that they would stick themselves in Boggs up to their very Heads continuing there many dayes together without any Sustenance The Britains were generally very much addicted to Magick as are their Descendents the Welsh even to this very day Punishments It was the Custom of the antient Britains that when any great man died his Relations made Enquiry if there were Suspicion amongst his Wives concerning his Death who if they were found guilty were punished with Fire and other Torments From whence Sir Edward Cook derives the Law of England at this day for burning those Women who kill their Husbands Thieves and Murderers were reserved by them to be offered in Sacrifice to the Gods and so were Captives taken in their Wars The greatest Punishment not capital amongst them was Excommunication which was issued out by the Druids not only against private but also against publick persons Those upon whom this Censure was inflicted were accounted impious and profane uncapable of any Honorable Office and excluded the Benefit of the Law none daring to approach them or converse in talk with them tho at a distance for fear of being infected by them The old Language of the Britains Language who have been above all other Nations curious to preserve it entire without any mixture was the same setting aside some small Variations that is spoken at this day not only by the Britains of England but also by those of Armorica in France Which altho it has in it many Phoenician and more Greek Words yet the Idiom of it as to the main appears to be Teutonick and the Words which they received either by Trading with the former Nations or the Invasion of the Gauls seem much to be modelled to that Dialect Besides this generall Language of the Country the Greek or at least a Dialect thereof was preserved entire amongst the Druids who not only therein concealed the Mysteries of their Religion which they committed not to Writing but delivered down by a Traditionary Conveyance to those only who admitted themselves of that Order and underwent the Severities of a long and tedious Discipline But their Records also were preserved in the Greek Tongue and Characters which unintelligible by the Vulgar none could have Recourse unto but Persons of Repute and Learning Nor were they permitted to take any thing away in Writing but by Memory only the Trust of keeping these things being reposed in some persons who for their singular Fidelity Integrity and Learning were chosen for that purpose Stature The antient Britains were of Stature taller than the Gauls whose Expression concerning them to Caesar was that other Nations seemed as Nothing in their Eyes their Hair not so yellow nor their Bodies so compact knit and firm having but bad Feet to support them but the other Lineaments of their Body were well made and their Features
of Portugal Her Name Catharina Name originally Greek signifies a Woman of excelling Purity and Chastity She had for Father John the IVth Genealogy King of Portugal and is lineally descended from John of Gaunt King of Castile and Leon Duke of Lancaster and fourth Son to Edward the IIId King of England as here appeareth John of Gaunt besides several other Children had a Daughter named Philippa married to John the Ist tenth King of Portugal by whom she had Issue Edward the eleventh King of Portugal Alphonso the Vth. twelfth King of Portugal Emanuel second Son who Succeeded his Elder Brother John the IId dying Issueless and was the fourteenth King of Portugal Edward Infante sixth Son Catharina married to John Duke of Braganza and after the Death of her Uncle Henry the seventeenth King of Portugal true Heir to the Crown from which she was barred by the Arms of Philip the IId King of Spain Duke of Braganza John Duke of Braganza who in the year 1640. recovered his Inheritance and reigned over Portugal by the Name of John the IVth The Infanta Donna Catharina Queen Consort of Great Britain Her Majesties Mother was Donna Lucia Daughter of Don Gusman el Bueno a Spaniard Duke of Medina Sidonia lineally descended from Ferdinando de la Cerde and his Wife Blanche Daughter to St. Lewis King of France who relinquished to her his Right and Title to Spain derived to him by his Mother Blanche eldest Daughter and Heir of the Spanish King Alphonso She was a Lady of that admired Magnanimity and Prudence that the King her Husband trusted so much of the Reins of Government to her masculine and politick Spirit as occasioned a jesting Spaniard to say That it was not the Portugal Force but the Spanish Policy which kept that Kingdom from the Catholick King The Queen of Great Britain is the only Sister of Don Alphonso the VIth the two and twentieth King of Portugal born in the year 1642 and hath one Brother more named Don Pedro born 1648 and now called Prince Regent of Portugal Birth She was born the fourteenth of November 1638 at Villa Vicosa in Portugal her Father who tho right Heir to the Crown of Portugal was then only Duke of Braganza being the most potent Subject in Europe for a third part of Portugal was even at that time holden of him in vassallage Marriage Having been most carefully and piously educated by Mother she was at the Age of two and twenty desired in marriage by Charles the IId King of Great Britain And the Marriage not long after concluded by the Negotiation of Sir Richard Fanshaw Ambassador of his Majesty of Great Britain in the Court of Portugal and of Francesco de Melo Conde de Ponte Marquis de Sande Extraordinary Ambassador from the King of Portugal being solemnized at Lisbon on the twenty third of April 1662. being the Festival of St. George Patron both of England and Portugal she embarkt for England and was by his Excellency Edward Earl of Sandwich Vice-Admiral of England safely conducted by a Squadron of Ships to Portsmouth where being met by the King she was remarried to him From Portsmouth she was by his Majesty brought to Hampton-Court where she continued till the three and twentieth of August following when coming up thence by Water she was with great Pomp and Magnificence received at Chelsey by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London who waited on her thence by Water to Whitehal The Portion Portion brought by her Majesty was eight hundred Millions of Reas or two Millions of Crusadoes amounting to about three hundred thousand Pounds Sterling the City of Tangier on the Coast of Africk and the Isle of Bombaim nere Goa in the East-Indies together with a Priviledg that any Subjects of the King of Great Britain may trade freely in the East and West-India Plantations belonging to the Portugueses Her Jointure Jointure agreed upon by the Articles of Marriage is thirty thousand Pounds Sterling per Annum to which the King as a Testimony of his great Affection to her has added ten thousand Pounds per Annum more Arms. Her Arms as Daughter of Portugal are Argent five Scutcheons Azure Cross-wise each Scutcheon charged with five Besants Argent Salterwise with a Point Sable The Border Gules charged with seven Castles Or. This Coat was first worn by Don Alphonso the first King of Portugal as well in memory of a signal Victory obtained by him over five Kings of the Moores as in honour of the five Wounds of our blessed Lord and Saviour who just before the Battle appeared crucified unto him a voice being heard as once to Constantin the Great In hoc Signo vinces before which time the Portugal Arms were Argent a Crosse Azure Her Majesty is a Personage endowed with rare Perfections both of Mind and Body a Lady of transcendent Piety Modesty and Charity and many other eminent Vertues CHAP. XV. Of the present Princes and Princesses of the Royal Blood of Great Britain THe Glorious Martyr CHARLES the Ist King of Great Britain had by his Queen Henrietta Maria Daughter to the most Christian King Henry the IVth four Sons and five Daughters His Sons were 1. CHARLES-JAMES born at Greenwich on the thirteenth of May 1629. baptized immediately by Dr. Web one of his Majesties Chaplains then in attendance and afterwards a Bishop in Ireland lived not above two hours 2. CHARLES our present Soveraign whom GOD long preserve 3. JAMES now Duke of York and Albany 4. HENRY born at Oatlands on the twentieth of July 1640. declared by his Royal Father Duke of Glocester but not so Created till the thirteenth of May 1659. He lived till above Twenty and dyed unmarried the thirteenth of September 1660. almost four Months after His Majesties happy Restauration bereaving thereby these Nations of those fair Hopes which had been generally conceived from his Noble and Princely Endowments His Daughters were 1. MARY born the fourth of November 1631. married on the second of May 1641. to Count William of Nassau Eldest Son to Henry Prince of Orange to whom she was the February following conveyed by her Mother into Holland The Prince her Husband dyed in the beginning of November 1650. leaving her Great with child soon after whose Death she was delivered of a Son being the present Prince of Orange Coming into England to see her Brother whom the Divine Bounty had miraculously restored to his Throne she here ended her dayes the twenty-fourth of December 1660. being little above nine and twenty Years of Age. Her Loss was exceedingly bewailed by All who had the honour to know her as being a Lady of universal Goodness and Charity 2. ELIZABETH born on the eight and twentieth of December 1635. a Princess of incomparable Virtues and Abilities Dyed the eighth of September 1650 at Carisbrook in the Isle of Wight of Grief for the Murther of her Father 3. ANNE Born the seventeenth of March 1636. Dyed very