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A69607 The Present condition of the Muscovite empire till the year 1699 in two letters : the first from a gentleman who was conversant with the Muscovite ambassadour in Holland, the second from a person of quality at Vienna, concerning the late Muscovite embassy, his present czarish majesty, the Russian empire and Great-Tartary : with the life of the present emperour of China, by Father J. Bouvet, missionary / by the author of The antient and present state of Muscovy. Crull, J. (Jodocus), d. 1713?; Bouvet, Joachim, 1656-1730. 1699 (1699) Wing B3862; ESTC R19507 51,096 122

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of Affairs of the Russian Empire and laid that Foundation upon which the Greatness of Muscovy has been built since that time and which is likely to be brought to perfection by the present Grand Czar Peter Alexiovitz He left the Succession of the Crown to his eldestt Son Fedor Alexiovitz who reigned but six years his early Loss was likewise much lamented by his Subjects being a very Accomplish'd Person and who had given extraordinary hopes of a Good and Great Prince having exactly followed his Father's footsteps especially in what concerns the foreign Officers and the Encouragement of Commerce He was a great lover of all Sciences but especially of the Mathematicks and design'd to have all the Houses of the City of Muscon new built of Brick and the Streets pav'd with Stones if he had not been prevented by Death It was under his Reign that General Le Fort of whom I shall have occasion to speak more anon entred into the Service of Muscovy He was on a sudden seiz'd by a violent and continual Feaver of which he died in a few days afte having before his death appointed his younger Brother Peter begotten by second Adventure his Successour as judging his own Brother Ivan John who was of a weakly Constitution uncapable of bearing the Burthen of so Great an Empire Accordingly Peter Alexiovitz was proclaimed Czar of Muscovy when he was scarce eleven years of Age. By the Princess Sophia Daughter of the deceased Czar Alexis Michaelovitz by his first Marriage being of a very aspirng Temper and naturally disposed to Caballing could not brook to see her own Brother excluded from the Succession to the Russian Throne for which Reason she set all her Engines at work to put the Crown upon her Brother Ivan Alexiovitz or rather her own Head The better to encompass this Design she took care to have it spread abroad that the late Czar Fedor Alexiovitz her Brother had been poysoned by the Physicians at the Instigation of some of the Chief Men of the Empire whose Names were industriously published as the Anchors and Promoters of so hellish a Crime Being sensible that nothing could strengthen her Interest more than if she could draw the Strelitzes into her Party it was rumour'd abroad That a Design was form'd against them at Court it being resolved That the Strong Liquor which was to be given at die Czar's Funeral should be mix'd with Poyson This succeeded according to the Princesses Expectation for the Strelitzes being Enraged by this sudden and unexpected News ran in a most Furious manner to the Pallace where they began the Fray with the Slaughter of two of the Czar's Physicians the Chief of whom was a Jew by Extraction the next were some of the Principal Officers of the Crown such as were mark'd out by the Princess as being opposite to her Interest Their Rage did not stop here but after they had committed a thousand Insolences and Murthers they assaulted and entred the Czar Peter Alexiovitz's Lodgings where they shew many of his most faithful Officers and Friends of the first Quality in his presence and then proclaimed Prince Ivan Alexiovitz Grand Czar of Muscovy in conjunction with Peter Alexiovitz Thus a Calm succeeded the Storm which however lasted not long For the Princess Sophia whose Ambition was not satisfied with seeing her Brother Ivan mounted upon the Throne entred into secret Cabals With Fedor Theodore Chikolowitin the General of the Strelitzes unto whom she represented That she only having made use of her Brother as a Pretext to put the Crown upon her own Head she was willing to make him her Spouse and Associate in the Empire if he would join his Power and Interest with hers and that it would be no difficult Matter to compass their Design the Russian Empire being too heavy a Burthen for the Shoulders of two Infants The General of the Strelitzes not able to resist such powerful Charms they left no stone unturn'd to bring their projected Design to maturity which was to be begun with the Death of both the Czars and would in all humane probability have succeed according to their wish if the Plot had not been timely discovered to Their Majesties The two Czars having all the reason in the World to mistrust the Strelitzes retired thereupon to the Convent of Troitza a strong and well fortified place about twelve Leagues distance from the Capital City of Muscow where Monsieur Le Fort gave them many signal Proofs of his Bravery and Fidelity To be short they drew the General of the Strelitzers into an Ambush near Troitza where being taken he was carried Prisoner into the Convent and had his Head cut off He was a Person of mean Extraction who as he had raised himself to that height by his own Valour so he brought himself to a miserable End by his Treachery The Princess Sophia was shut up in a Convent where she is very narrowly watch'd Quiet being thus recovered in the Government by removing the Two Chief Heads of the Rebellion these Regiments of the Strelitzes as had shew'd themselves most vigorous against the Czars Interest being divided into many small Bodies were sent into several parts of the Country under the Guard of some other Troops whose Officers having received secret Instructions to fall upon them at a certain appointed time they put their Orders in execution with so much Exactness that very few escaped their Hands It was particularly taken notice of at that time and sook'd upon as a Presage of the future Grcatness of the present Czar Peter Alexiovitz that when several of his nearest Friends were massacred by the Rebellious Strelitzes in his presence he did not shew the least Alteration in his Countenance which struck such an Amazement into the Soldiers that they durst not presume to dethrone him but were contented to proclaim his Brother Ivan his Associate in the Empire Those who have known his present Czarish Majesty in his most tender Age do unanimously confess That from his very Infancy there has been observed in him a certain Greatness of Soul and a piercing Wit much above the common Rank He used to be very seldom idle but always in Action lively and brisk and shew a great deal of eagerness to be instructed in all Matters of Moment especially in what had any relation to the Manners and Customs or foreign Nations He was scarce fifteen years of Age when he applied himself to the Study of the Mathematicks his Inclinations tending more particularly to Navigation and other Mcchanick Arts which he look'd upon as the most Instrumental to promote these Great Designs he has since put in execution with a most stupendious Conduct and Prudence In the last War betwixt the Turks the Emperour Poland and Venice the Czar was Engaged in a War against the Chineses who being as it was supposed encouraged by some Missionaries had upon very frivolous Pretences attack'd the Muscovites but the Czar being resolved not to let slip so favourable