Selected quad for the lemma: death_n
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A02399
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A treatise of morall phylosophie contaynyng the sayinges of the wyse. Gathered and Englyshed by Wyl[lia]m Baldwyn.
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Baldwin, William, ca. 1518-1563?
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1547
(1547)
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STC 1253; ESTC S100585
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85,509
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281
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daunger of his frendes rather than froÌ„ his enemies and beyng demaunded of one that hearde him why he prayed so he sayde as for myne enemy I can beware of for why I trust him not so can I not of my frende because I trust him Beyng asked what a maÌ„ ought not to do although it were iust and true he answered to prayse hym selfe He liued .cii. yeares and dyed for very age was buryed honorablye The rest of his sayinges shal be spoken of hereafter ¶ Of Plutarche Cap. xxviii PLutarche y e Philosopher was a man of a wondrefull wyt well brought vp in hys youthe well instructed in maners well furnyshed in al kyndes of learnyng which growing vp as wel iÌ„ vertue learniÌ„g as in body yeares was chosen that worthely to be the instructer of y e Emperour Traiane whome he so well instructed that his glorye therby was greatly augmented as it is sayde in Policrato the fifth boke He was faythfull in his sayinges and eloquent in hys wordes and very diligent ware in his maners of a chaste lyfe and good conuersation He gaue hys mynde muche to instruct teache other and wrote manye bokes of whiche one intytled the education of youthe whyche we haue in the English tonge drawne therinto by the excellent famous knyght Sir Thomas Eliote whose good zeale loue bothe to further good learning to profyt his countrey appeareth as well therby as by other many workes which he hath payned him selfe to bryng iÌ„to our laÌ„guage sheweth wel his good affectioÌ„ y t he had to y e coÌ„moÌ„ weale He wrote an other boke called y e institution of Traiane In whiche he setteth out the office of a Prince what he ought to be so excellently as no maÌ„ can ameÌ„de it He wrote al so an other boke entitled Archigrammatum wherin he teacheth rulers officers howe to gouerne them selues w t diuers other thinges among whiche the letter that he wrote to Traiane what tyme he was created Emperour is worthye to be remembred in the ende wherof he sayth thus Thou shalte rule al thinges euen as thou woldest yf thou go not from thy selfe and yf thou dispose all thy workes to vertue all thinges shal prosper w t the And as touching y e gouernauÌ„ce of thy coÌ„mon weale I haue taught the therin already whiche yf y u shalte folowe me thy master Plutarche as an example of good lyuyng but yf y u do otherwyse thaÌ„ shal this my lettre be my wytnes y t I gaue the neyther couÌ„cel neyther any example thervnto WhaÌ„ he was aged he dyed was buried honorably his goodly prouerbes adages parables semblables shal folowe iÌ„ theyr places ¶ Of Seneca Cap. xxix SEneca the Philosopher an excellent well learned maÌ„ was borne in Corduba and therof called Cordubences He was disciple to Stratus the stoycke and was Lucane the Poetes countreyman He floryshed at Rome in the tyme of the Emperour Tyrant Nero whom he taught in his youth iÌ„ learnyng and maners whiche afterwardes was cause of hys deathe In the tyme of this Seneca Peter and Paule came to Rome and preched there And whan many of Nero y e Emperours house gathered togyther to heare Paule Seneca amonge the test was so familier w t him delighted so muche to heare the diuine science and wysdome whiche he sawe in him y t it greued him to be seperate at any tyme froÌ„ his coÌ„munication insomuche than whan he might not talke with him mouth to mouth he vsed communicatioÌ„ by letters oft sent betwene them He read also the wrytynges and doctrines of Paule before the Emperour Nero and got him the loue and fauour of euery bodye Insomuch that y e Senate wondered muche at Paule This Seneca was a man of a verye chaste lyfe so good that sainct Iherom numbreth hym in hys bederowe of Sayntes prouoked therto by his Epistles whiche are entytled Seneca to Paule Paule to Seneca After he lyued in to a meane age he was slayne of Nero the tyraunt two yeares before Peter Paule suffered theyr gloryoê° martyrdome For Nero on a daye beholdyng hym callyng to mynde howe he whan he was his master dyd beat him he conceyued hatred agaynst hym and beyng desyroê° to reuenge hym selfe and to put hym to deathe gaue hym lycence to chose what kynde of deathe he woulde wherfore Seneca seynge that his tyranny coulde not be appeysed and supposyng that to dye in a bayne was y e easyest kynde of deathe desyred to be let bloode in the vaynes of his armes and so dyed which death as some thynke was forshewed in his name Seneca that is to saye se necans whiche signifyeth in Englishe a kyller of him selfe He wrote in his lyfe time many goodly bokes out of whiche shal be pyked some of y e most piththy sentences bothe of preceptes and counsayles and also of Prouerbes Adages Parables and Semblables whyche in theyr places hereafter shall folowe And because the lyues of these before written are sufficient for our pourpose and because we be desyrous to be as shorte as we myght be here wyll we finish the firste boke desyrynge all men that the same shall rede to folowe the good vertues that therin are contayned The ende of the first Boke In this first boke of Phylosophers lyues Wherin theyr answers are partly contayned A man may learne as chauÌ„ce therto him dryues To shape an answer Or yf he be constrayned To wrath or anger or other passions lyke Here shal he see howe lyke lustes wer refrayned Of Hethen men who thought it shame to strike WheÌ„ good occasioÌ„ oftymes theÌ„ therto payned ¶ The seconde boke intytled of preceptes and counsayles ¶ Of the profite of morall Philosophy Cap. i. IT is not vnknowen to any which haue any knowlege at al how profitable necessary nedefull it is for meÌ„ to haue y e knowlege of morall Philosophy In whiche whoso is ignorant is worse than a brute beast and therfore it mought here haue wel ben omytted Yet neuerthelesse to satisfye y t desires of some and to stop the mouthes of other some whiche peraduenture wolde be glad accordyng to the prouerbe to seke a knot in a rishe and agayne to helpe and encourage other whom eyther ignoraunce or neglygence holdeth backe it semeth necessary though not all yet at y e least to shewe some of y e innumerable commodities that there vnto be ioyned Wherin omittyng the discommodities whiche for lacke therof daylye augment growe as malice hatred enuy pryde lacke of loue deceytes robberies theftes murthers bluddy battayles seditions decaye of cities decaye of common weales spoyling of realines and vtter desolation of people and kyngdomes what can be a greater commoditie than for euery man peaceably to possesse his owne whiche peaceable agrement sith it can none other wayes be got nor when it is got be preserued but by loue whych only springeth of agremente in maners and morall vertues what
than the rest so lykewyse he whiche in this lyfe geueth his mynde to wysedome and knowledge ought more to be accepted than any of the rest Saynt Augustine sayeth that he was wel skylled in Nicromancye whiche may be very wel for in that time it was muche set by and none thought wyse that therin was ignorant Ualerius sayeth that hys hearers worshipped him so muche y t they thought it a great sinne to forget ought which they hearde of hym in disputyng any matter His wordes were so estemed that it was a cause good and suffycient in any matter to saye y t Pythagoras sayde so He was so good a Philosopher as scarce any deserueth to be hys matche He kept iustice so muche that after hys death the autoritie of his name ruled the people of Italic whiche in tyme past was called Magna Grecia He was so sparyng and profitable that some thinke he neuer did eate any daynty meates He taught many yong men whose aptnes he knewe alwayes by theyr countenaunce gesture and maners And he with all his disciples lyued in common to gether as well in loue as in other maners For he taught them that true frendship was to make one harte and mynde of a greate many hartes bodyes In so muche that Damon and Pithias whiche were of his sect loued so to gether as sayeth Ualerius Maximus that whan Dionisius the Tyrant wold haue kylled the one of them which desiring licence to go and dispose his goodes before his death was graunted his request yf he coulde get another in y e meane whyle that wold be his pledge who yf he cam not agayne at y e tyme appoynted shulde dye for hym his felowe not regardyng hys lyfe so muche as hys true frendeshyp became his pledge And the other beynge let go came agayne at his tyme appoynted to redeme his felowe froÌ„ his death whiche faythfulnes in bothe the tyraunt Dionisiê° scing not onely forgaue them bothe but also desyred that he myght be the thyrde of that felowship that had rather dye than to fayle in frendshyp A notable example of most constant frendshyp and of good instruction therin To one that asked him what he thought of womens wepyng he sayde There are in a womans eyes two kyndes of teares The one of grefe and the other of deceyte To a couetous maÌ„ he sayde O role thy ryches are lost vpon the and are very pouertye for why thou art neyther the warmer better fed nor richer for them It was axed hym yf he desyred to be ryche to whiche he answered naye saying I despyse to haue those ryches whiche with lyberalitie are wasted and lost and with sparyng do rust and rot To one y t was gaylye apparelled and spake vncomly thinges he sayde Eyther make thy speche like vnto thy garmentes orels thy garmentes lyke vnto thy language It chaunced a fole in Pythagoras presence to say that he had rather be conuersant among women than among Philosophers to whiche he sayde yea swyne had rather lye rowtyng in durt in draffe than in clere and fayre water Beinge asked what newe thinge was in the worlde he answered nothinge Beyng asked what was Phylosophye he sayd The meditation or remembrauÌ„ce of death labouryng daylye to get the soule libertye in this pryson of the bodye He was the first among the Grecians that helde opinion that the soule was immortall He kept scole in Italie and lyued in to a greate age and after that he was dead the people reuerenced hym so muche that they made a temple of hys house and worshypped hym as a god He florished in the tyme of Nabuchodonoser kynge of Babylon Hys preceptes prouerbes and parables shall folowe in theyr places ¶ Of Thales Milesius Cap. viii THales as sayeth Herodotus Democritus and Duris had to his father a noble maÌ„ called Examius and to his mother Cleobulina of the stocke of Cadinus Age nor and was borne sayeth Plato vnder Dâ—masiê° prince of Athens and is the fyrste that euer was called a Sage or wyseman He florished at Milerum what tyme Oseas was iudge iÌ„ Israel Romulus Emperour of Rome what time Scnnacherib king of y e Chaldees sent the Assirians to inhabit Iurye whiche after the couÌ„tyng of Eusebius was theÌ„ 4450. yeare froÌ„ the creation of the world This Thales was very well learned bothe in Astronomye and Phisicke wrote manye goodly workes was a citizen at Miletum as Phalerius wryteth and was come of a noble linage who after he had dispatched hys busines belonging to y e coÌ„mon weale gaue him selfe to the searchynge out of naturall causes And surely he was a profitable counsayler to the common weale For whan as Cresus demaunded to haue had his felowes he wolde not graunt to it which afterward whaÌ„ Cyrus had gotten the victory was cause of sauynge theyr citie Heraclides sayeth that he lyued solitarilye but some saye he toke a wyfe and had a childe called Cidistus and other saye that he lyued chaste all his life long whan it was asked him why he wold not get children he answered because he wolde not be bound to loue them Whan hys mother cryed on hym contynually to take a wyfe he wold say he was to young and afterwarde whan hys youth was past and hys mother still importunate he wolde saye it was out of seasoÌ„ to late He woulde saye alwayes he was bounde to thanke Fortune but forthre causes chefely first because he had reson and was not a beast secondly because he was a man and not a womaÌ„ thyrdly because he was borne a Gretian and no Barbarian He sayde there was no difference betwene deathe and and lyfe and beyng axed therfore why he dyed not because ê™ he I shulde than make a difference when he was asked whether god knowe mens euell worckes Ye ê™ he and theyr thoughtes to To an aduowtrer that axed hym whyther he myght sweare that he was no aduouterer he sayde Pariury is not worse than aduoutry whan he was asked what thiÌ„g was hardest He answered A man to knowe him selfe what was esiest He sayd to admonyshe other what was sweatest For a maÌ„ sayth he to vse that he hath what is god That that lacketh be ginnyng and ende And whan he was asked what was the most difficill seldest sene thinge He answered an olde Tyrant A selde sene thinge in deade for god eyther taketh them awaye before they be olde orels in theyr olde age chaungeth theyr hartes beyng demaunded howe a man myght best suffre aduersitie To se sayde he his enemies in worse plyght than hym selfe It was axed hym howe we myght lyue best and most righteously to whiche he answered to flye those thinges our selues which we reproue in other Beynge axed who was happye he sayde he that hath his bodyly health is fortunate in riches not of a vayne mind but learned These are part of hys wittye answers his preceptes prouerbes semblables shal be spokeÌ„ of in their places This Thales