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A48116 A letter of advice to a young gentleman of an honourable family, now in his travels beyond the seas for his more safe and profitable conduct in the three great instances, of study, moral deportment, and religion : in three parts / by a True son of the Church of England. True son of the Church of England. 1688 (1688) Wing L1566; ESTC R7895 45,890 138

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and ambitious Spirits for such proud and supercilious Humours are more sutable to the Court of Spain where Men seem wifer than they are than this of England where our Patriots are usually wiser than at first sight they seem to be Therefore as you are obliged to subdue and abandon all aspiring and lofty Conceits of what you are or what you have so the Practice of Modesty and Humility will recommend you to the Acceptance and procure you a good Esteem and Opinion from all you converse with Secondly Be prudently reserved in censuring or ridiculing the Faults and Indiscretions of other Men For a prudent Carriage is highly esteemed by all but strangers especially Besides Prudence and Discretion will teach and direct you how to subjugate all the Appetites Passions Affections and Inclinations both of Soul and Body to the Empire of Reason and sound Judgment so that when you have reduced all your lower Faculties to this Order and Harmony your Vnderstanding will direct aright and your Will and Affections become conformable to the Laws and Rules of right Reason and Religion Then you 'l manage all your Affairs prudently with the greatest Calmness and Tranquillity and be always in the pursuit of generous Ends and the most effectual Means and Methods of obtaining them And thus Thirdly By acting according to these Rules of Prudence and Discretion you 'l come by degrees to an excellent Temper and Habit of Sobriety and Moderation For you 'l hereby prevail with your self not to indulge your Appetite to the disturbance and disquiet of your rational Powers Nor will any Man of Prudence and Sobriety endeavour to please and gratifie his Palate with delicate Meats and Drinks nor his Touch with Softness and Effeminacy nor his Eye with fair and gaudy Show's nor his Smell with costly Perfumes For an immoderate Complyance with all or any of these would not only force your Reason to quit her Dominion and Authority and thereby hurry you into all manner of sin and wickedness but continually distract your Thoughts with a fruitless variety of Expectations and Disappointments The ready way then to be at peace with God and Man and your own Conscience will be to govern your self according to the sober Dictates of Prudence and Moderation as Gods Holy Word and the Dictates of right Reason shall direct you Now these Vertues and their opposite Vices having the most considerable Aspect upon Gentlemen as the greatest Examples either of Good or Evil I shall therefore be more particular in the handling of this Point of Sobriety And for the prevention of a Shipwrack of your Interest and Honour many thousands having split their Vessels upon this Rock give me leave to advise you in the First place To be very sober and temperate in Eating Have recourse always to the foregoing Rules of Prudence and they 'l teach you to consult the Health Preservation of the Body that so it may be the fitter Mansion for your Soul For 't is always observable that ungovern'd Lusts are the inseparable Companions of intemperate Eating and all other Sins are indulg'd and encourag'd by this Kind of Excess whereas on the contrary those that live temperately and according to Rule are seldom tempted or troubled as the intemperate are with sickly and ill Humours or deprived of the comforts and benefits of Health by raging and violent Distempers For as a good Conscience is the best Divinity so Temperance is the best Physick and a good Expedient thro' Gods Blessing to preserve mentem sanam in Corpore sano And therefore if thro' inadvertency you should transgress at any one Meal let no Temptation allure you to a second Repast till by a fierce Hunger and Fasting you find your self discharg'd of the former Excess By which means your Understanding will be always clear and your Constitution firm and unshaken especially if you take care Secondly To use the like moderation in Drinking for your Health and Refreshment both as to the Quality and Quantity of Liquors Your Prudence will observe that this is one of the reigning and epidemical Sins of the Nation and an Inlet to most other Sins which many thousands and those generally none of the meanest Rank make their chief Trade and Business and is of late Years become so modish and fashionable in all Entertainments that the many will scarce think themselves welcome unless the Liquor and Freedom be allowed them to make Beasts of themselves One would think that their Quality and Education should reach 'em better Manners But alas they 'l go further yet and the most which is yet a higher Aggravation of their Sin and Villany become the Devils Factors for Damnation and use the most base and sordid Methods not only to debauch themselves but knock down others But for the prevention of all Excess in this Kind be pleased to consider That intemperate Drinking is the incentive to and fewel of all filthy Lusts For Chambering and Wantonness is the usual Effect of Rioting and Drukenness as the most Debauchees find and feel by woful experience This puts Men upon desperate Projects and engages 'em in all sorts of Wickedness and Villany insomuch that the very most in their drunken Fits will blaspheme swear curse lie backbite and rail against their innocent Neighbours and do often kill and destroy one another For some of 'em are cut off by sudden Accidents others in Duels occasion'd thro' Drinking and not a few of those guzling Hectors have summ'd up their Days at the end of a Watchmans Bill In a word intemperate Drinking lays a sure Foundation for all sorts of lingring Diseases makes the most not only Beasts but Mad-men and either brings them as I have noted to you to a swift untimely and cruel Death or a detestable and infamous Old Age which not one in a thousand ever attains to and those that do are offensive to all honest and vertuous Company and to God the most of all And besides these temporal Punishments see their eternal Doom is detain'd already if they live and die in this Sin unrepented of and unreform'd Isa 5.11 12. Luke 21.34 Gal. 5.21 Whereunto might be added many other parallel Passages to the same purpose These Considerations well weighed might persuade any Man to be master of his Appetite and keep himself within the due bounds of Temperance and Moderation which would not only be an extraordinary Blessing to private Persons and Families but conduce very much to the Interest of the Publick For I am confident there 's more Money spent in one year in excessive Drinking than would very well provide for and maintain all the truly poor and indigent People in England Therefore as you tender the Welfare of your Person and Family and Interest of your Soul and Body in this and a suture Life avoid and abandon the Conversation and Company of all dissolute debauched and intemperate Persons Let not their Allurements nor Scoffings nor Railings persuade you to a compliance with
unchristian Practices so genteilly treated by our English Laws that any Man should be encouraged in this desperate Attempt For if the Murderers Legs or his Friends procure not his Pardon or Reprieve tho he should not die in the Encounter yet he runs precipitantly upon his own Death and his Estate shall be confiscated too to the perpetual detriment and undoing of his Family Besides the Sting of Conscience if he has any Conscience at all and a dreadful Fear like that of Cains attending Blood will render the whole remainder of his Life tedious and miserable to such unfortunate Men who will ever after smell too strong of Blood to be admitted into any intimate Friendship or Relation Therefore in this Case particularly Meekness and Patience are not only a Christian Vertue but the truest Courage and surest Defensative against all Injuries and Affronts And as the practice of these Vertues may probably qualifie the Heats and Passions of any quarrelsom and dissolute Company you shall happen to engage in tho take all possible care to avoid such Furies so this excellent Frame and Temper of Mind and Spirit will dispose you for a brighter Crown when these Storms are blown over Again The exercise and improvement of this Christian Prudence and Moderation Meekness and Patience will further direct and enable you Fifthly To be moderate in using and a good Husband in the management of that Patrimony and Estate which Gods Providence and the Discretion of your Parents have allotted you Now 't is observable that Riches and Honours do expose Men to the greatest Temptations and tho your present Circumstances do not require much Enlargement upon this Head yet give me leave to remark to you That 't is a great fault and weakness in many Young Gentlemen who cannot see the Pomps and Vanities of the World but they must needs fall in love with them These seeming Beauties may and will tempt you if possible to Lewdness and Luxury but 't is your own fault if you be insnared and led captive by them Nor shall you ever find any thing in those vain Fooleries which will be able to satisfie or please your rational Desires and Expectations Yet I shall readily grant you that he whom God has blessed with a plentiful Estate has many great Opportunities to do good both to himself and others for your direction herein see the Gentleman's Calling Nor can any Man of Reason and Piety tho he be rich and honourable come under the Temptations of being either Idle or Extravagant For righteous Noah did in reality see two Worlds before and after the Deluge and yet was not polluted with the Vices or Vanities of either vertuous Lot was holy and chast in the midst of Sodom and Moses in Pharaoh's House kept close to the God of Israel so did Elisha in the Syrian Court and Daniel and others among the Persians c. Your Danger or Safety then must slow from a Principle within you For tho the Devil and the World may and will tempt yet they have no power to constrain you Nor can any thing ever make a Man unhappy but a voluntary compliance with those Temptations and the base suggestions of his own slavish Appetite Be prudent and moderate therefore in disposing of your Money both now and always for if you spend too high you 'l incur the Censure of Prodigality or Epicurism and if too low either of unbecoming Niggardliness or fordid Covetousness Which as an ingenious Person observes is like a Candle ill made and smothers the splendour of a happy Fortune in its own Grease Sixthly Be moderate also in your Habit and Apparel let it not be youthfully wanton but grave and comely like the Mind and Behaviour of the Wearer But do not by any means exceed in the Humour of Bravery For our Clothes should rather humble than puff us up being always the visible Ensigns of our Sin and Slavery nor shall any Man be esteemed for this sort of Extravagance but by Fools and Wantons Seventhly I shall but add one Consideration more and that will be of general use and necessary importance in the prudent moderate patient peaceable and christian Conduct of your whole life which will render your Conversation pleasant and profitable to your self and acceptable to all vertuous and good Men. And this will be the discreet and conscientious Management of all your Thoughts Words and Actions And First For the government of your Thoughts Now Sir if you be careful and reserved so as not willingly to conceive or foster an evil Thought you 'l then be afraid to speak or act any thing contrary to your own Reason and Conscience And to this End think often as before of the quatuor Novissima Death and Judgment Heaven and Hell which thro the assistance of God's Grace may keep all the sinful Excursions of your Thoughts under so much restraint as you 'l not readily and willingly conceive any thing that shall be either sinful or irregular And this will be an excellent Disposition Secondly For the Government of the Tongue which should be always kept under a strict guard For Solomon says That Life and Death are in the power of it And Euripides truly affirms That every licentious and unbridled Tongue shall in the end find it self unfortunate For we see by daily experience that all Quarrels Mischief Hatred c. and Destruction ariseth from unadvised Speech and in much Talking there are many Errours from which your Enemies will take the most dangerous Advantage Besides all scurrilous frothy profane idle uncharitable filthy and wanton Communication is not only sinful and impertinent but altogether unbecoming a Gentleman whose Example is usually a Pattern to others and for whose sins they must be accountable if they be Patterns of wickedness as well as their own Set a watch then always before the doors of your Lips that no vain Communication proceed out of your Mouth and pray earnestly unto God that he would so sanctifie your Speech that Truth Integrity and Innocence may be the Rule and Standard of all your Discourse And as it will be very happy for you if you observe these Rules so 't will be as necessary to avoid the Conversation of those whose Tongues are profane and licentious Do not by any means listen to nor give the least Encouragement to Whisperers Tale-bearers and inquisitive Persons who busie themselves with the Affairs of other Men that creep into Houses as Spies to hear and learn News which concerns them not For I have always observed them to be base and unworthy few of them thrive and prosper nor shall they ever be respected amongst worthy and wise Men. But Thirdly Be circumspect and prudent in the Management of all your Actions Set your self against all Sins in general and every one in particular but especially against those whereunto your Temper and Disposition are the most inclined for these will require the greatest Diligence and Endeavour to overcome and subdue them Do