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A16126 A svvoord agaynst swearyng conteyning these principall poyntes. 1 That there is a lawful vse of an oth, contrary to the assertion of the Manichees & Anabaptistes. 2 Howe great a sinne it is to swear falsly, vaynely, rashly, or customably. 3 That common or vsual swearing leadeth vnto periurie. 4 Examples of Gods iuste and visible punishment vpon blasphemers, periurers, and suche as haue procured Gods wrath by cursing and bannyng, which we cal execration. Bicknoll, Edmond. 1579 (1579) STC 3048; ESTC S108117 37,885 96

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aduersaries remoued hym selfe vnto the solitarie Wyldernesse there to leade a priuate solitarie lyfe In the meane tyme vnto them whiche so willingly and wyckedly forsware them selues this happened The fyrst as he wyshed by casualtie of fyre was burnt to death and al his family whiche fyre rose but of one litle sparke The seconde was taken with a greeuous strange sickenesse from top to toe and deuoured of the same The thyrde hearyng and seeyng Gods iust iudgement to fal vppon the other twayne confessed the fault and through great repentaunce powred out such abundaunce of teares that he lost both his eyes Thus was their false perturie punished by God and the good Byshoppe receyued home agayne with ioye Saint Gregorie telleth vs a wonderfull storie of a young Chyld vnder the age of seuen yeeres at whiche age we say chyldren haue no discretion yet for swearyng and blasphemyng the name of the Lorde his Father holdyng hym in his armes the Dyuel entred possession of the sayde Chylde as it visibly appeared But to come to meere Englysh Stories Though not first in order yet for dignitie I wyl place Kyng Stephan and that companie whiche contrary to their oth made in the dayes of Kyng Henry the fyrst vnto Mahld or Mold yet they crowned Stephan Earle of Bolloigne Kyng of Englande in whiche number were VVilliam Archbyshop of Caunterburie Roger Byshop of Salisbury Hugh Bigot Steward sometimes to kyng Henrie the fyrst and diuers Lordes more The Archbyshop God punished shortly after with death the Byshop of Salisbury the kyng vanished hym the lande Hugh Bigot died miserably Diuers other Lordes were diuersely punished Eustace the kynges sonne taking vp his horse before his father had a fall and brake his legge The kyng in remembraunce of his periurie with sorowe ended his miserable lyfe euen when he had now made a composition to lyue in peace and to holde his Crowne quietly duryng his lyfe tyme proclayming Henry Duke of Normandie heyre apparaunt to the Crowne euen then when he most desired to lyue most likely to lyue in most quietnesse with sorowe he payed the price of his periurie with the losse of his lyfe Edwarde the fourth at Yorke toke a solemne othe to holde him contented with his owne Dukedome and to yeeld due obedience vnto Kyng Henry but his oth rashly taken was as soone broken and his periurie God punished in his posteritie none of his chyldren came to the possession of the Crowne Elfred because he was a Duke shal haue the next place This Elfred conspired agaynst Kyng Adelstane at Winchester 〈◊〉 put out his eyes his conspiracie suspected and detected the kyng secretly fledde The wycked Duke was dryuen to purge him selfe by his oth of the suspition In the Churche dedicated to S. Peter at Rome periuriously he forsware him selfe but euen so soone as he had forsworne hym selfe he fel downe dead in the Church and so was taken vp and caried to the Englyshe house at Rome and from thence after three dayes to his Graue Earle Godwin traiterously slue Alphred brother to Kyng Edward the thyrde afterwarde as Godwin sate at the Table with the kyng at Windsor it happened that one of the cup bearers one of this Earle Godwins owne sonnes brynging a Cuppe of Wyne towardes the kyng tripped on the one foote and yet recouered by the stay of the other foote so that he shedde none of the Wyne wherat the Earle Godwin laughed saying Howe the one brother gently had holpen the other Ryght so sayd the Kyng shoulde my brother Alphred haue holpen me had not the Earle Godwin been At whiche woordes Godwin to excuse hym selfe falsely forsware the fact and takyng a morsell of bread in his hand wyshed that that peece of bread myght choake hym yf he were gyltie of that deede but so soone as he had receyued the bread foorthwith he was choaked and fell downe dead whereat quoth the kyng haue away this periured Traytour and by Harold his sonne he was conueyed to Winchester to be buried Vpon whose Land also GOD sent such a Plague that vntyll this day all Englande heareth of the infortunate place called Godwins Sandes Syr Roger Mortimer brake his solemne fayth and allegiaunce vnto his souerayne Lord Kyng Edwarde the seconde and for the same his periurie is thus punished In the dayes of Edwarde the thyrde he was fyrst set openly vpon a Ladder his priuie members cut from hym and cast into the fyre before his face his hart pluckt out of his belley his body diuided into foure quarters and sent to the foure principall Cities of the Realme Howe many corrected in Gods mercifull iudgement for our example haue we knowen some punished by losse of theyr goodes some by fyre some by strange sicknesses some with tongues so blacke as a coale some with suche hotte tongues that they coulde not in any case cloase their mouthes agayne which before they had opened to the dishalowyng of Gods most blessed name as notable of late dayes aboue the rest let vs remember Richarde Long in Caleis that wyllyngly to trouble Smyth and Brooke tooke his oth vpon a Booke that they twayne ate flesh togeather in Lent in the sayd Brookes house yet in trueth the sayd Smyth came not into Brookes house all that Lent he long after this periurie committed drowned hym selfe at the iuttie ende of the hauen in Caleis Grimwood of Hitcham in the Countie of Suffolke agaynst Iohn Cooper of Watsam in the sayd Countie at an assise holden at Berry wylfully forsware hym selfe at Haruest after feelyng no payne complaynyng of no disease iudgyng hym selfe strong and able to labour as he was stacking vp a Goffe of Corne sodenly his bowels fell out of his body and immediatly he dyed most miserably That woorthy instrument in Gods Church Maister Iohn Foxe from whom I collected these two last stories geueth a gentle and fatherlyke warnyng to all young Gentlemen to leaue their outragious swearyng by the fearefull example of this Gentleman followyng In the tyme and raigne of King Edward the syxt there was in Cornwall a lustie young Gentleman who dyd ryde togeather with other moe Gentlemen and their seruauntes in number about twentie Horsemen amongst whom this lustie yonker entryng into talke began to sweare most horribly vnto whom one of the company not able to abyde suche blasphemous abhomination in gentle wordes sayd to hym that he should geue accompt for euery idle woorde The Gentleman takyng snuffe thereat Why quoth he takest thou thought for me Take thought for thy wyndyng sheete Well quoth the other amende for death geueth no warnyng as soone commeth a Lambes skinne to the market as an old Sheepes Gods woundes sayd he Care not thou for me ragyng styll after his swearing maner woorse and woorse in woordes tyll at length passyng on theyr iorney they came rydyng ouer a great Brydge which standeth ouer a peece of an arme of the Sea vpon which Brydge this
they thought it was no sinne Muche lyke vnto the foolyshe people of our age that entendyng to deceyue others by subtiltie of sounde or by eclipsing the pronunciation reckon yet their craftie entent to be no deceipt suche I meane as sweare thus GOD pronounce me at the last day By God I neuer defended hym in all my lyfe When they thynke and hope that other men wyll iudge that they meane GOD reuounce me I neuer offended hym Thus dyd the Iewes though they carried in theyr mindes a full and perfect entent of deceipt though theyr communication was myngled ●●th common and customable othes yea though they dyd foresweare them selues falsely except there were some expresse namyng of GOD they reckoned it none offence at all And to this Dyuelyshe purpose they abused this text Thou shalt not forsweare in my name least thou defile the name of the Lorde thy GOD. Otherwyse so that they vsed not inuocation of GOD expresly by name although they sware and forsware although they vsed execration which conceyneth cursyng and bannyng and desiring of vengeaunce As in example The earth open and swalowe me The stones of the Temple fall vpon me or suche lyke they made none account of any suche othe or execration And this Christe correctyng in the 23. of Matthewe he calleth them blynde guydes and blynde Bussardes shewyng them that there is no place nor plot in the worlde wherein God hath not set some cognisaunce of his glory Heauen is his seate the earth is his footestoole He that sweareth by the Temple sweareth by it and by hym that dwelleth in the Temple He that sweareth by Heauen sweareth by the throne of GOD and by hym that sytteth therein This spake Christe to confute their damnable custome of swearyng commonly and their doltyshe interpretation of swearyng or forswearyng by the name of GOD and teacheth them withall an orderly fourme of behauiour in theyr common speache Let euery man speake the trueth to his neyghbour from his hart and say Yea it is so Let hym renounce falshood and say Nay it is not so Let this be an order established for your dayly communication And nowe let vs harpe vpon communication communication as they chaunte out Not at all not at all and then the true sense is In your dayly communication vse none othes at all or vse not at all any othes in your dayly communication But speake truely and say yea or nay So that Christe is not contrary to GOD his father he repealeth not the decree of GOD established for the vsyng of his name in iudgement in iustice in doubtfull causes concernyng equitie and ryght but he rebuketh that whiche God forbade Vayne and rashe swearyng and foolyshe conceyued opinions of this or that othe Thus vsyng Gods name lawfully we must neuer abuse the same GOD that sayd Take not my name in vayne hath therefore appoynted the ryght vse of his name because he hath forbydden the abuse thereof Of strange Gods he hath sayd By the name of strange Gods thou shalt not sweare at all the name of any of them shall not be heard out of your mouthes He sayd not In vayne but Not at all of any other besydes hym selfe Of his owne name onely there is a lawfull vse alowed and commaunded vnto the Godly as to spread his glory 1 By preachyng his name Goe and preache the Gospel vnto all creatures Preach the word be earnest in season and out of season 2 By geuing thankes and honour vnto his name I wil alwaies geue thankes vnto the Lord his prayse shall euermore be in my mouth I wyl deliuer ther and thou shalt honour mee 3 By professing and confessyng Goddes name and power He that confesseth me before men I wyll confesse and acknowledge hym before my father To confesse Gods name proceedeth from the mouth Confesse the Lorde and call vpon his name 4 To inuocate or cal for helpe at the name of the Lorde Call vpon mee in the tyme of trouble VNto the which part most specially the ryght vse of an othe apparteyneth As when by callyng GOD to witnesse we confesse his omnipotent power and desyre hym to maynteyne and prosper vs in trueth and punysh vs or to be auenged vpon vs yf we speake or doo or entende any falshood or deceypt which both we are sure he wyll doo because he is god But what is it to take Gods name in vayne It is 1 To call God a witnesse in vniust or in trifelyng matters 2 To sweare rashly vnaduisedly or without vrgent necessitie tyme place and aucthoritie not considered 3 Or once to name God without the reuerence due vnto the Maiestie of his name of whom nothyng may occupy so muche as our thought without due remembrance of his honour Thynke not of the Lord but in goodnesse sayth Solomon and the Lord him selfe Ye shall not sweare by my name in vaine neither shalt thou defile the name of thy god I am the Lord. Vnto all the Curses and Plagues that Moses from the mouth of the Lorde remembreth As the curse at home the curse abrode the curse of hunger the curse of thyrst the curse of yll successe the curse of sicknesse of madnesse of penurie of oppression of captiuitie vnto them all he addeth this as a chiefe addition These and many moe plagues shall the Lord heape vpon thee vnlesse thou feare the glorious mightie and terrible name of the Lorde Thy name is woonderfull O Lorde and onely to be had in reuerence The Lorde wyll not holde hym gyltlesle that taketh his name in vayne It is remembred by Aben Ezra that the Egyptians had a custome to sweare by the head of their king which othe who so euer perfourmed not no raunsome woulde redeeme hym from death because he despised the king How muche more not without due reuerence and feare ought we to name or thinke once vpon the name of our God who only is God and without or besides whom there is no god Thou only art great O Lorde and great is thy name in strength and power who feareth not thee thou King of Kinges thine is the glory aboue al. How much the hyghlyer we esteeme of Gods glory with so much the more reuerence ought we to thinke and to speake of his name but as he that speasteth much speaketh sometymes vnaduisedly for haste as Solomon remembreth Vnto many wordes folly is neuer absent or wanting In much speach there is eyther flatte falshood or vanitie or superfluitie at the least or peraduenture all at once So of the often naming of God much more of often swearing by his name there aryseth a vayne abuse an vnhonourable derogation a path way to the Palace of periurie an open accesse or rather a compultion to the pyt of perdition The Adulterer the Theefe the Murderer can not alwayes doo that wickednesse that they would But he that accustometh him selfe to vayne