of the soule prostrating reason at the feet of sense and enthroning passion in the chaire of reason there was now no longer harmony betweene the flesh and the Spirit the motions of the flesh rebelling against the rules of reason the sterne of reason being neither pliable to the spirit nor the spirit obedient vnto God this disorder bred diseases the summoners and fore-runners of death so that man was presently retrograded into the element of dust of which hee was first composed Death as it was threatned for sinne so was it inflicted vpon sinne The day that thou sinnest thou shalt surely die Gen. 2.17 and the day that hee did eate surely hee did die the Mother and the Daughter Sinne and Death are both of an age he was afterward but a mouing carcase a walking sepulcher Mortuus erat non mortalis as a malefactor is a dead man when he is condemned before he is executed Euery sinne is of the same nature with the first and bringeth death like that indeed it murthereth not with the same extent that was the sinne of nature and therefore the death of nature so that afterward women brought forth children Chrysolog Serm 111. Vindictae ordine non naturae Lucbant peccatum mundi qui mundum non nouerunt parentis sui soluebant poenam cuius vix vitam degustarunt Other sinnes are personall and therefore the destruction of the person be it sinne in the roote or sinne in the branch be it the mother and spawne of sinne inbred pollution or the fruit and haruest of sinne actuall transgression the first hath many branches and all deadly the other hath many Species and all mortall in the first there is participatio culpae imputatio reatus and concupiscentia and all are rewarded with death euen the last which is not onely the cause of sinne and the punishment of sinne but sinne it selfe be it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not onely where consent is added to lust but where lust is without consent not only actuall concupiscence but habituall naturall and originall not the second motions only or concupiscentia formata as the Schoole speaketh but motus primò primi and that which is informis yea although it preuenteth the vse of reason although it be resisted by the power of the spirit shall the traitor suffer that committeth the Treason and shall the plotter and contriuer escape or shall the last escape punishment because the first will not offend Originall sinne hath not more branches then actuall hath species neither are these lesse fatall then the other whether they be seated in the vnderstanding as the darkenesse of errour concerning God or in the heart and will as our irregular thoughts and exorbitant desires or in our outward members as externall actions whether they be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 trespasses against the rules of Nature not ingrauen in stone but imprinted in the conscience so the Gentiles sinned Rom. 2.14 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 trespasses against the word written 1 Iohn 3.4 so the Iewes offended both these whether they be of omission or commission not onely the obliquity of our actions but our vnlawfull surcease from action not our words but our silence also The Advocate whose lips are sealed vp with a fee of the aduerse party the Priest not whom Authority but sloth hath silenced shall both be rewarded with death and they therefore deserue their wages because they haue not done their worke There is no sin of omission which is not a sinne of commission si non pavisti occidisti he that seeth his neighbours Oxe fall into the pit and helpeth him not out he pusheth him in not to saue a man when we may when we ought in the Court of Conscience is to murther a man If I should reckon vp all sorts of sinne I should commit one against your patience yet could I shew you none whose issue is not death If the Eye but lusteth mors per fenestras if the foot but slippeth praecipitiuÌ„ est there are no staires but fall we must into the pit and wee should downe to the bottome were it not bottomlesse Hee that doth but peeuishly quarrell or maliciously hate murthereth himselfe although he killeth not his Aduersary let the Act be wanting the desire will kill and there may bee man-slaughter where there is no shedding of bloud 'T was a witty speech of one of your auncient Declamators â—ib 1. de Civ 〈◊〉 cap. 19. registred by S. Austin concerning Lucrece being rauished by Tarquin Duo fuêre unus adulterium commisit I know not whether the Act could bee committed without the sinne I am sure the sinne may bee without the Act Et â—pado machâ—â—â—rit and an Eunuch may bee an Adulterer Lesse infirmities as well as great impieties will worke destruction neither is it certaine that Aegypts little flyes were not her greatest plague The least pricke in the least ioint impostumateth the whole flesh but a moate in the Eye blindeth the sight a breach in the wall is the conquest of the enemie and the ruine of the City let vs not weigh our sinnes but number them if they may seeme small wee cannot count them few He that offendeth in one point of the Law is guilty of all Iames 2.10 Sinne like Heresie is of an encroaching nature as one Heresie proueth another so doth one sinne vsher in another the lesser alwayes making roome for the greater Our vncatechised trauailer iourneying into countries superstitious idolatrous at the first is only vncouered and boweth at the meeting of the Hoast 't is not good saith he to giue offence to them which are without then he ventureth to goe to their high places to visit their Churches and Chappels to heare and see their loud blasphemy in their Liturgies and the profane pompe of their ceremonies not that he intendeth a change of his Religion but to purchase a sounder hate of their superstition he no sooner heareth seeth but he liketh and approueth Lastly as a sure pledge of his Apostasie he returneth home and seduceth others The grand Heresies of the Apostate Roman Church which indirectly and by consequence raze and destroy the very foundation of Faith came in by degrees and the first stone for the building of Babel was laide long since Traditions the Mother of all their Heresies had with them their right vse vntill first those which were temporarie and for a season were taught to be permanent and to endure for euer then those which were particular and bound only some one Church were made Catholick generaly to enforce after that without examination humane traditions had the same credit the same Authority that diuine Apotacticall as Apostolicall Lastly all these were made as authenticall as the word written giue the Pope a primacy and he will assume a Principality giue him more honour and he will haue more power As in doctrine so in manners small things neglected grow and become
A SERMON PREACHED AT PAVLS CROSSE THE 24. OF OCTOBER 1624. BY ROBERT BEDINGFIELD Master of Arts and Student of Christ-Church in Oxford AC OX OXFORD Printed by IOHN LICHFIELD and WILLIAM TVRNER for HENRY CRIPPS 1625. Academiae Cantabrigiensis Liber TO THE RIGHT VVORSHIPFVLL HIS VERY WORTHY VNCLE SIR THOMAS RICHARDSON Knight Serieant at the Law grace and peace be multiplied in CHRIST IESVS SIR LEt mee humblie beg of you that you would bee pleased to take this Sermon into the Sanctuary of your patronage your free and gracious promise to be the Patron of the Author hath imboldened him to intitle you so to his issue The violence of a wet season denied it some Auditors which it might haue had your incouraging command to haue a sight of it the forcible importunity of wel-wishing friends haue pressed it and giuen it readers which I intended it should not haue had I apologize not if it bee better to preach 't is good to print the vnderstanding is not informed nor the will moued alwaies by the Eare but sometimes by the Eye otherwise the suttle Romanists would vnclaspe the Bibles of the Laitie and not denie them to read the Scriptures I know your deuotions and your imploiment God and your Countrie permit you not in the tearme-time to read a long Epistle I conclude therefore with my prayers to almightie God that as he hath indowed you with his more eminent graces and richer gifts so he would put it into the heart of the King to reward them that your Honours may one day ballance your deserts that in the meane time your dwelling may remaine as now it is the oracle of the citie From my study in Christ-Church in Oxford Nouemb. 24. Your most humbly deuoted Seruant and Nephew ROBERT BEDINGFIELD ROMANS 6. VERSE 23. For the Wages of Sinne is Death but the Gift of God is Eternall life through Iesus Christ our Lord. MY Embassie Right Honourable and the rest Beloued I know not whether it bee fuller of horrour or delight whether it may more amaze or comfort you the first part like the seuere threats of the punishing Law searcheth the wound the latter like the soueraigne balme of the sauing Gospell worketh the cure 't is equally diuided the first woundeth not so deepe but the latter cureth as fast If the wound be vnto death the cure is vnto life If the wages of sinne be death the gift of God is eternall life through Iesus Christ our Lord. The Text naturally is thus put on sunder there is a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and there is an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The wages of sinne is death there is the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but the gift of God is eternall life through Iesus Christ our Lord there is the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 there is first malum culpae the offence giuen sinne secondly there is malum poenae the punishment inflicted Death thirdly there is the Iustice and proportion betweene the offence and the punishment it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the stipend the wages fourthly and lastly there is the certainty of the punishment to bee inflicted intimated in the verbe of the present tense it is death The wages of sinne is death In the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 there is first life opposed vnto death in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 commended by his adiunct or duration it is eternall Secondly heere is the meanes of conferring of it on them that receiue it which is not by way of wages as death in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but freely and by gift thirdly heere is the doner hee that bestoweth it GOD. Lastly heere is the Mediator hee through whom and for whose sake it is giuen Iesus Christ our Lord. This is my modell these my parts briefly God hath this day set before you life and death good and euill now that you be not deceiued in your choice giue me leaue to lay them open vnto you first the euill malum delicti malum supplicij the euill of Sinne and the euill of death The wages of sinne is death Man in his Original Primitiue perfectioÌ„ being the Son of God by creation as he summed vp the world in an Epitome so was he a liuing Image of his fathers glory De eo quod de terius potiori insidiari soleat August lib. 2. de Gen. cap. 8. praeter Haereticâ—s â—uius sententiae fuit Lactantius lib. 2. Insâ—itut diuin whom he best copied out in his better part his soule not that it was ex traduce from God not that the Diuinity was rent in two or diuided so that that became part of the Diuine Essence as first Philo the Iew doted and after him the Maniches blasphemed there was no trans-fusion but a creation no identity but a conformity which was not in substance but in quality neither was the soule alone so glorious but the body also which was first made a house for the soule to inhabit and not a prison to suffer in a house indeede made of clay but made by the immediate touch of the God of Heauen a sublunary body yet not waited vpon by corruption a subiect where contrary qualities did reside and yet not a subiect ouer which they might triumph Lastly both soule and body were so vnited and married together that corruption being not able to possesse the parts nor to dissolue the vnion the whole man was immortall and that not by the dowry of grace but by the priuiledge of Nature not supernaturally as were the garments of the Israelites in the Wildernesse or as Austin coniectured concerning Enoch Elias Lib. 1. de peccat meritu remissione cap. 4. but per sequelaÌ„ naturae so that immortality was part of his Nature as well as his nature was euer immortall immortall not absolutely or essentially for so hee had been a God not by creation positiuely for so had he beene a spirit but negatiuely saith the Schoole and conditionally he had the priuiledge posse non mori although he had not the immunity non posse morï as there was a possibility of dying so it was without a necessity I follow not the Sententiaries which follow not their Master but are curiously inquisitiue to know what should become of man if hee had not fallen how he should haue preserued himselfe from Corruption whether by eating of the tree of life or by any other meanes we know no more then our Grandfather Lib. 2. distinct 23. and he saith Lombard Accepit scientiam praeceptum eorum quae facienda erant non accepit praescientiam eorum quae futura erant Wee know not what he should haue eaten to haue preserued his immortality we know what he did eate to lose it Adami homicida gula The eating of the forbidden fruit dismantled and stript our first Parents at once both of their roabes of Righteousnesse and Immortality that first sinne made a breach in the well-ordered Oeconomy
nature which prompteth euery creature to seeke it 's owne preseruation should teach man not to make loue to death not to wooe his owne destruction although he transgresseth not the Law made against robbers who cutteth his owne purse yet he is guilty of murder who cutteth his owne throat and surely he loueth murder who will act it vpon himselfe and yet such are all sinners whose sinnes are the weapons with which they butcher themselues like Saul and his Armor-bearer they fall and die vpon their owne swords If any sonne of Hippocrates pronounceth it to be preiudiciall to their health the debauched Drunkard will abstaine from his cups and the luxurious Epicure will fast from his dainties how foolish are they who would shunne death and yet worke wickednesse which causeth death There is no other cause of death but sinne where there is no sinne there is no death no death of the body no death of Nature And yet he who had no sinne the Sonne of Righteousnesse had his setting as well as his rising and walked into the West Licet naturae dominus carnis tamen quam susceperat legem non recusauit so that life it selfe dyed yet not necessarily but voluntarily tradidit in mortem animam suam neither was his death penall but expiatory hee was not stung to death by sinne but he stung sinne to death by suffering death he made death to suffer and got the victory by yeelding O death where is thy sting 1 Cor. 15.55.56 O graue where is thy victory the sting of death is sinne and the strength of sinne is the Law but thankes be vnto God which hath giuen vs victory through our Lord Iesus Christ Christ so deliuered his from death as hee freed them from sinne which he suffered still to dwell in them although not to raigne ouer them The Canaanites remaine in the land to proue the Israelites sinne must inhabite in the regenerate to encrease and try their faith sift them you shall finde them so enlightned that they sit in darkenesse so purged that they must be cleansed their faith is mixed with infidelity their wisedome ioyned with folly and their glory eclipsed with shame to want sinne must be a Christians wish it cannot be his hope otherwise hee that must alwayes here be militant should sometime be triumphant We may be dead to sinne but sinne will not be altogether dead to vs we may cut it off but it will bud againe we may chase it away but it will returne we may quench it but it will flame againe it still approacheth it still entiseth and prouoketh vs it still striueth but it is to encrease our victory at last it must haue the fall and be triumphed ouer so may the tyrant weepe to see himselfe prostrate at the feete of them who were his Captiues Et ad eorum triumphum de quibus diù triumphaverat se veteranus hostis pervenisse deploret Sinne is not so in the Elect as it is in the reprobate these either by habit or resolution or discourse are incorporated into euill and sinne is naturalized in them the other may sometime be surprised by force of passion but their vnderstanding seldome giueth consent the first serue sinne the other giue it only house-roome or if they doe it any seruice 't is as the Israelites serued Pharaoh or as his Gally-slaues serue the Turke by compulsion Damnatum est peccatum si non extinctum Sinne hath lost it's dominion although it be not cast out so death is dis-armed although she be not remoued she hath lost her sting although she keepeth her essence nay she hath lost her essence the forme the life of death is lost and she is but equivocally what she was before As she hath lost her nature so hath she changed her name to die now is but to sleepe to rest or be at peace Death to the Elect is but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Nyssen stileth it it doth not so much punish as purge and expiate sinne 't is a Snake without her sting a gaole-deliuery an earnest-peny of the resurrection a bridge to passe from corruption to incorruption to be wished of all that wish to goe to Paradise not to be feared at all because it freeth vs from all that is to be feared A curious workeman seeing his Image of brasse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Epiph. in his 2 Booke Aduersus Haereses on which he hath bestowed his Art and industry to be spotted and defaced he putteth it againe into the fire and new casteth it which is not the losse but the perfection of the Image so God after hee had made man a most elegant fabricke seeing him polluted with sinne resolued him againe into dust that he might rise vnspotted When the vessell that the Potter made was marred he made of it another vessell Ier. 18.4 Cannot I doe with you as the Potter with his clay saith the Lord behold as the clay is in the Potters hand so are yee in my hand O ye house of Israel the same chapter and the sixt verse Non interit quisquis victurus moritur This death of Nature is rather a change then a death 't is not finall quem putas interitum secessus est neither is it totall 't is onely of the body death is dieted like the serpent and can eat nothing but dust nay 't is not so much the death of the body Plin. Ep. lib. 2. epist 1. as of the corruption of the body Et mortalitas magis finita est quam vita 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isiod Peleus lib. 4. epist 52. Happy Martyrs how their torments pleased them how they kissed the fagot and hug'd the fire as though like Eliah they had gone to heauen in fiery chariots weigh their tortures and reade their constancy you would iudge them to haue beene spirits without flesh if they might seeme to be afflicted because they were heard to pray they must be iudged to haue beene merry in their affliction because they sung Psalmes Their note was the same although their pangs were differenced with the three children in the fiery furnace Hieron Qui inter frigidos flammarum globos hymnos edidêre pro fletibus They wept not out an Elegy as if they had beene preparing for their funerals but they sung and reioyced as if it had beene their birth day and it was their birth day to eternity Blessed Martyres for if they be blessed who die in the Lord blessed must they bee who die for the Lord. God saith to man If thou sinnest thou dyest Gen. 2 but he bespeaketh the Martyr if thou refusest to die August thou sinnest Quod tunc timendum fuerat vt non peccaretur nunc suscipiendum est ne peccetur Death which is the punishment of the Sinner suffer it for Gods sake 't is the glory of the regenerate Et cùm sit mors peccati retributio aliquando impetrat vt nihil retribuatur peccato As the wicked
wicked when it is lightest and it is their plague that they are not plagued Veniet ad faelices sua portio quisquis vidâ—tur dimissus Seneâ— dilatus est These happy worldlings must at last haue their iudgement and their iudgement will be their damnation Our sinnes are our debts vnto God and his iudgements are his debts to our sinnes where God oweth he can he will repay He is not like the Heathen's Iupiter that his Quiuer should be empty that want of thunder-bolts should dis-arme him The Lord of hostes cannot want Souldiers to fight his battels If men of Warre should be lacking he hath an army of Frogges and another of Lice to discomfite and deuoure both Pharaoh and Herod As the wicked doe multiply their transgressions so doth he cumulate his iudgements and washeth away a deluge of sinne with a deluge of water He who is omnipotent is no more powerfull then iust and 't is as certaine that he will as that he can reuenge sometimes his wrath is slow and not vpon the necke of the sinne Num. 25.8 as Phineas slew Zimri and Cosbi in the very act of incontinency yet it alwayes at last ouertaketh it and then as hee hath beene slow to wrath so will he be slow to lay downe his wrath when he hath leaden heeles then hee hath iron hands So that the sinner might wish that the blow came sooner so it came lighter God iudgeth not like man our Courts of Iustice doe censure onely knowne and open Malefactors The Iudge at the last day will punish the most close and secret offenders Heere the hired eloquence of the vnconscionable Aduocate or the false periury of the suborned witnesse sometimes casteth a mist before the eyes of the Iudge that he cannot see sometimes corruption hood-winkes him that he will not see The Iudge at the generall Assise shall be his owne euidence he shall be Iudge and Iury and Witnesses Ipse est qui videt vnde videt Hee â—hat made the eye shall not hee see and he that made â—he heart shall not hee vnderstand And as hee can both see and vnderstand what he will so will hee see and vnderstand what hee can There none may escape heere so few are censured that most are not quaestioned Ille crucem sceleris pretium tulit hic Diadema Heere you may see the petty thiefe whose accusation and that perchance false is but petty larciny with chaines of iron about his feete when the grand-thiefe the state-theife who by fore-stalling ingrossing or by worse means robs the common-wealth hath no chaines but of gold and them about his neck Such are your sacrilegious Lay-Patrons those spirituall robbers and our Iewish oppressing Vsurers The first back't by the authority of the Law begin now to confront the Pulpit to quaestion the zeale of the Priest denouncing Gods iudgements against them and to threaten punishment if they cannot inflict it so that 't is much safer to commit sinne then to reproue it Let them therefore enioy their conquest let them triumph that they may rob God freely At last their punishment will ouer-take them Quis enim laesos impune putabit Esse Deos The Vsurer hath no Law on his side yet doth he praetend some and where he findeth a tolleration there doth the couetous Peny-father conclude an allowance Turne to the Statutes made against this Citty-sinne and you shall finde it tolerated with an inhibition for the Acts which seeme to allow it doe some of them plainely praeface that Gods Law condemneth it And God will one day take an account of his Law and that with farre more terrour then he deliuered it At the deliuery hee did but shew how fearefull hee could be at the execution he will be as fearefull as he shewed to be when he shall be a Iudge he will inflict death which he did but threaten when he was a Law-giuer The day will come as certaine as it is vncertaine when it will come Behold the day commeth which shall burne like an Ouen and all that doe wickedly shall be as stubble and the day that commeth shall burne them vp saith the Lord of Hostes Then shall the malignant spirit which tempted to sinne be a tormenter for sinne Then shall the amazed reprobate stand betweene his sinnes accusinng him and God's Iustice terrifying him below him shall be his punishment aboue him his Iudge and he equally trembling at the horrour of the one and the wrath of the other within him his conscience without him the world shall be on fire Quid metuat qui ad ista non trepidat Who heareth this and yet dareth to sinne what pleasure of tentation can counteruaile this horrour of euent who now is not frighted who would not bee wonne from wickednesse who now is not drawne who could not be before allured vnto repentance let vs therefore accept no obiect but of sorrow let vs because we are fallen by nature hasten to arise by grace that we may turne the sentence from Goe yee cursed into Come yee blessed that death may be changed into life this euerlasting death into eternall life which is the first part in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 To haue any conceit of life but good is now as well impious as Stoicall since eternall blisse is compared to it Yet doth this life of glory so farre surpasse the life of nature as the second death is worse then the first Hence it is that many who feare not death feare to die after death and they who are hungry to loose their liues are yet afraid not to find them being lost I should now from this mount as God did from mount Nebo vnto Moyses shew you the land of Canaan and discourse of though not expresse the ioyes of this eternall life Ioyes in number infinite yet are they summed vp in the Beatificall vision and you might see them all could you see God How often hath the deuotion of many not superstitious Pilgrims with wearied paces measured the way from euery climate to Ierusalem who haue recompensed their tedious trauels onely with the sight of the ground which our Sauiour trode and the visitation of the Sepulcher where hee lay how were the wise men rauished with contentment when the starre had brought them to see Christ but in his Cradle when he came to be of age and began to preach in the City Videres referta tecta ac laborantia when he tooke house there was such a crowd that the sicke of the palsie could not get in except the house had bin vnroofed when he iournied from Ierusalem migravit ciuitas the City was dislodged and ran out of the gates The Sicke and all Qui neglecto medentium imperio ad salutem sanitatemque prorepebant Plin. Paneg. So that the concourse of the people made a narrow way to Christ as well as to Heauen The presse was once so great that there was no ground left for Zacheus to stand on for he needed not