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A78576 The preacher, or the art and method of preaching: shewing the most ample directions and rules for invention, method, expression, and books whereby a minister may be furnished with such helps as may make him a useful laborer in the Lords vineyard. / By William Chappell Bishop of Cork, sometime Fellow of Christs College in Cambridge.; Methodus concionandi. English Chappell, William, 1582-1649.; Brough, W. (William), d. 1671. 1656 (1656) Wing C1957; Thomason E1707_1; ESTC R209506 52,143 230

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the parable of the Merchant attend unto his care in worldly things The careful Merchant runs to the uttermost parts of the Indies c. So the several tractation of the Reddition may oftentimes be omitted namely when it shall be sufficiently treated of with the note of comparation or in the collation it self of the parts And so very many Texts of full comparations may be sufficiently exhausted if the proposition be applyed to the Reddition or as the reason of it shall require the part to the part and so the Doctrine be constituted CHAP. VIII Of the Connex 1. HEre the affirmation signifies that if there be an antecedent there is also a consequent So that though there be no note or that which is is alien or not pertinent as oftentime it is usual yet if the illation of the consequent from the antecedent be intended the axiome ought to be thought belong to this place The truth thereof consists in the true connexion of the parts that either out of one or both false ones the absolutely true may be as also out of the true ones the false namely when the one doth not follow out of the other Hence by reason of the form of this axiome precisely looked upon the Doctrine cannot be constituted out of either part though the parts severally considered were true because the false ones also may consist with the truth of the axiom Yet absolute axiomes may be in the parts In the Antecedent Gal. 1.8 the absolute is Hath been preached unto you In the consequent Joh. 8.55 the Absolute You are lyars An example of a Connex where a like is inferred from a like 2 Sam. 15.21 As the Lord liveth and my Lord the King liveth But in what place 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 my Lord the King shall be even there also will thy servant be It seems to be a prerupt or hasty speech of a Souldier hastening to expresse his faith as if he did say I will not return unto Absalom as thou wishest me But in what place c. The Comparation is limited to two respects in the Text which being incompatible are proposed disjunctly Whether in death there also c. The place in which or the condition David should be in either to life or death it infers Ittai would in be the same or the like Axiomes 1. Ittai professeth the King to be his Lord and himself to be his servant 2. If my Lord the King be in death there will his servant be with him 3. If in life he will be there with him 4. In whether condition soever the King shall be in the same also shall he be The antecedent doth inferr the consequent taking its force in that Ittai confirms it with an oath that whatsoever the Kings condition should be the same should be his whose efficacy is perceived by the nature of this manner of testimony 2. Yet this belongs unto the Connex where there is relation of the consequence that it requires the truth of the parts also And therefore it offers the axiomes to be treated of distinctly in their parts then that which results out of their union But how much the more it declines from the bare connexion so much the nearer it comes to the nature of a Syllogism so that the causal conjunction being taken away it usually resolves it self into an Enthymema And also a whole Syllogisme may be comprehended in this axiome 3. Hereunto belong the causall also when the cause by accident inferres the effect as Eccles 8.11 and rational notes if they doe truely note which they doe not alwayes doe as John 19. ver 4 5 6 23 c. and which soever have the same force or efficacy whereof the former belong to the Antecedent the latter to the consequent In both of them the antecedent alwayes contains the cause of the consequence and sometimes of the consequent The Grammatical Crypsis or transposition of parts is very frequent in this axiome Si if is oftentimes set down for cùm seeing that or quandoquidem seeing that Luk. 11.13 Joh. 10.35 13.14 c. Oftentimes the causall note is wanting as Psal 25.8 Sometimes it is set down for the illative or inferring as Psal 116.10 Sometimes the illative is wanting as Psal 116.1 Sometimes both as Psal 118.6 Sometimes it is tacitely contained in the antecedent participle as 2 Cor. 7.1 Especially where the participle signifies notice as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Beholding Acts 4.14 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seeing Col. 4.1 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when they heard Acts 7.54 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 knowing Heb. 10.34 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 remembring Act. 20.31 Sometimes it is found with an alien note as Matth. 3.14 I have need to be baptized of thee and comest thou to me as if he said Seeing I have need to be baptized of thee I doe not see why or some such like thing thou shouldest come to me 4. Oftentimes the antecedent of this connex containeth that which preceded sometimes virtually and sometimes formally Therefore if there it have been treated of by the Preacher and here it be vertually recollected to infer the consequent it ought here to be freely treated of and only according to what is superadded by the manner of recollection 2 Cor. 7.1 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Having therefore c. so chap. 4. vers 1. In both places the demonstrative 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 emphatically set down seemes to note an excellency in the former of the foresaid promises in the latter of the foresaid Ministration But if formally only the consequent and the inference of it out of the antecedent offer themselves for the repetition of the antecedent as lately treated of will suffice Rom. 8.17 And if children where Si if stands for cum seeing that then heirs 1. True believers whose description was before are heirs 2. Because children are heirs 5. An axiome out of a finall cause where the finis or end under its note 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or finally taken or its equipollent is set to infer the medium or means may also be referred to this place Which kind of axiome because it is frequently obvious in Scripture we will here speak somewhat of concerning its illative or inferring force One that acts according to reason looks upon the end under the reason of conveniency He wisheth or with a kind of willity desires This desire excites him to enquire whether there be any means by which it may be obtained The possibility found out and added to the end somewhat increases this desire So increased it excites him again to seek out the nature of the means 1. Whether they be possible to be applyed by this agent of himself or some way else For want of this condition the desire vanisheth into despair 2. Whether they be not of such weight but that the end may abundantly recompense it 3. Whether they be necessary so that the end cannot be obtained without them or at least as necessary as
others if there be several wayes to that end 4. Whether they be certain so that by the use of these the end cannot chuse but be attained or at least probable For defect of these three the desire vanishes into a neglect The defire occupyed about such an end and the means and by faith strengthened about them grows into hope or efficacious desire of the end And because the means are first by nature as far as to the actual being as productives of the actual end or the fruition therefore the agent puts the means into an actual esse or being making use of them to attain the end The end being thus specified is truly the beginning in operable things as obtaining the compleat volition or will of it self and of the means to it And all these things are eminently found as well in the excellency of the end as in the habitude of the means unto it in the Covenant between Christ and the Father Us and God in Christ Which two Covenants whereof the first is the foundation of the other doe afford very many axiomes of this kind in the Scripture 6. In this axiome for the most part the Medium or means is disposed in the first place and then the end Yet if the end hath the reason of the argument inferring the medium the Antecedent of the axiome contains the end and the consequent the medium or means But because the means may absolutely be looked upon before it be considered as determinated to this end it may conveniently be treated of in that order as it is placed unlesse by chance the reason of some special text be against it so it be abstractly in this absolute nature reserving the respect to the end of the Doctrine which is to be proposed out of the united parts Luk. 19.10 The Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost where the coming of the Son of man is argued from a double end copulately disposed Subordinate and Principal Who from the object What from the adjunct The parts the antecedent to seek and save or because be intended to seek and to save The consequent Therefore he came The axiome the explication being premised We were lost 2. The Son of man came 3. He intended to seek 4. To save that which was lost 5. To seek and to save 6. Because he would seek and save therefore he came 7. For there are also many places in Scripture in which under the note is contained the event of the finall cause And these axiomes doe also belong hereunto the adjunct to it being connexed but in a contrary order of parts For the event which lyes hidden under this note constitutes the consequent part of the axiome Of this kind seeme to be those sayings 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that the Scripture might be fulfilled er accomplished As if he should say When these things were done the Scripture was fulfilled which had foretold it should be or these things were done to the end that the Scripture might be fulfilled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that pro 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the end An example Matth. 2.15 Because he was in Egypt c. was fulfilled the saying of the Lord by the Prophet namely in the Antitype or reddition which is to be understood Hos 11.1 The axiomes of the antecedent Herod dyed Joseph with the child and his Mother was in Egypt so long that is to say till the death of Herod In the consequent As God called his Son namely Israel so he called his only begotten Son out of Egypt This was spoken by the Prophet From the Lord by the Prophet It is fulfilled Because he was in Egypt c. and being warned be returned therefore it was fulfilled And in this sense seemes to be expounded 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that it might be fulfilled by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 then was fulfilled v. 17. Because there was a great cry for the death of the Bethleemitish children the saying of Jeremy namely in the like was fulfilled so Mark. 15.28 And the Scripture was fulfilled which saith c. 8. Sometimes under the species of the finall cause is set down the event meerly by accident also in a contrary order of parts Matth. 10.34 I came to send a sword Having premised a due explication the sense will be that The coming of Christ is the accidental cause of persecution namely through mens malice or Men would take occasion from the coming of Christ to stir up persecutions Here the coming of Christ is the Antecedent Persecutions should arise upon occasion thereof the Consequent Because I came persecutions will follow 9. There is another Adjunct to the Connex or as one should say joyned to it as it were in affinity not to be measured out of the precise proportion of the form alone but with a respect had as well to the nature of the matter as to the nature of God who is the witnesse In such connexes whether they have relation to God or man though nothing in esse or in being is somewhat set down in posse or possibility and somewhat beside according to the matter on Gods part as Deut. 32.41 if I whet c. Here is the posse or possibility and when it pleaseth him it is to be understood he will doe it On our part in exhortations monitions with promises and threatnings c. is set down the posse or possibility of the second Covenant not of the first oeconomically proposed See Dr. Prideaux in his Sermon Of Perseverance According to the matter also either necessary or indifferent of the necessary is laid down it ought or ought not of the indifferent it may or it may not or it is expedient or it is not expedient Which may also be observed in other axiomes of the same matter as Mat. 10.32,33 For seeing the force of Divine testimony as these are in an eminent degree proceeds from Gods infinite Prudence vertue and benevolence We must look we doe not attribute to any Divine saying any unworthy or lesse then worthy thing 10. This connex if it contain nothing which is absolute in it and the parts be single the axiome may be proposed being not very long as one only Doctrine and those things which are involved in it be deduced from it as Uses if any one shall think the sentence to be elliptick and that these things which are involved are to be supplyed I will not much contend against it Sometimes it will not be amisse to avoid the inconvenience of too prolixe a sentence See an example in the last Section This axiome is laid without any note Jam. 5.13 Where in the antecedent posse may is included in the consequent also debere it ought 11. If there be a copulate composition in this axiome as that Chap. 5. Sect. 2. it will be so likewise in the treaty Rom. 10.9 If thou shalt confesse with thy mouth c. The axiomes passing over what