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A14293 The golden-groue moralized in three bookes: a worke very necessary for all such, as would know how to gouerne themselues, their houses, or their countrey. Made by W. Vaughan, Master of Artes, and student in the ciuill law, Vaughan, William, 1577-1641. 1600 (1600) STC 24610; ESTC S111527 151,476 422

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Histories For which cause The Diuine Philosopher found great fault with his countrymē the Graecians because their Noblewomen were not instructed in matters of state policie Likewise Iustinian the Emperour was highly displeased with the Armenians For that most barbarously they prohibited women from enioying heritages and bearing rule as though quoth hee women were base and dishonoured and not created of God In the right of succession the sisters sonne is equall to the brothers sonne Whereby is vnderstood that women are licensed to gouerne aswell as men Moreouer there be two forcible reasons that conclude women to be most apt for Seignories First there is neither Iew nor Graecian there is neither bond nor free there is neither male nor female for they are all one in Christ Iesus The minds and actions of men and women do depēd of the soule in the which there is no distinction of sexe whereby the soule of a man should bee called male and the soule of a woman female The sexe rather is the instrument or meanes of generation and the soule ingendreth not a soule but is alway permanent and the very same Seeing therefore that a womans soule is perfect why should she be debarred by any statute or salique law from raigning The body is but lumpish and a vassall to the soule and for that respect not to be respected Secondly vertue excludeth none but receyueth all regarding neither substaunce nor sexe What should I rippe vp the examples of sundry nations which preferred women before themselues And for that cause they did neyther reiect their counsels nor set light by their answeres Semiramis after the death of her husband Ninus fearing lest the late conquered Aethiopians would reuolt and rebell from her Sonne yet young of yeeres and ignorant of rule tooke vpon her the principality and for the time of his nonage ordered the kingdome so princely that shee passed in feates of armes in triumphs conquests and wealth all her predecessours Nicocris defended her Empire against the Medes who then sought the Monarchy of the world and wrought such a miracle in the great riuer of Euphrates as all men were astonished at it for shee made it contrary to mens expectation to leaue the ancient course so to follow her deuice to and fro to serue the citie most commodiously insomuch that she did not onely surpasse all men in wit but ouercame the elements with power Isis after the decease of her husband Osyris raigned ouer Egypt and tooke care for so much prouision for the common wealth that shee was after her death worshipped as a Goddesse Debora iudged Israel Iudith the Bethulians Lauinia after the death of Eneas gouerned Italy Dido Carthage Olympias Pirrhus his daughter ruled ouer Epire Aranea was queen of Scythia Cleopatra of Egypt Helena after the death of Leo the Emperour raigned in Constantinople ouer all Asia as Empresse Ioanna was queene of Nauarre marying with Philip Pulcher the French king made him king of Nauarre in the yeere of our Lord 1243. Margaret ruled ouer Flaunders in the yeere of our Lord 1247. And another Princesse of that name y e only daughter of Valdemare the 3. king of Dēmark Norway gouerned those kingdoms after her fathers death in the yeere of our Lord 1389. she tooke Albert the king of Swethland captiue kept him in prison 7. yeeres Ioanna was queene of Naples in the yeer 1415. Leonora Dutchesse of Aquitaine was maried to Henry Duke of Gaunt and in despight of the French K. brought him Aquitaine Poiteaux in the yeere 1552. Queene Mary raigned here in Englād in the yeere 1553. What should I write of Elizabeth our gratious Queene that now is which by her Diuine wisedome brought three admirable things to passe First her Maiesty reformed religion that by the Romish Antichrist was in her sisters time bespotted Secondly she maintayned her countrey in peace whē all her neighbour Princes were in an vprore Thirdly she triumphed ouer all her foes both domesticall and hostile traiterous and outlandish If a man respect her learning it is miraculous for shee can discourse of matters of state with the best Philosopher she vnderstandeth sundry kinds of languages and aunswereth forreine Ambassadours in their forreine tongues If a man talke of the administration of iustice all the nations vnder the heauens cannot shew her peere In summe her Princely breast is the receiuer or rather the storehouse of all the vertues aswell morall as intellectuall For which causes England hath iust occasion to reioyce and to vaunt of such a gratious mother To whome the Monarch of Monarches long continue her highnesse and strengthen her as he hath done hitherto to his perpetuall glory confusion of all her enemies and to our euerlasting comfort Of Tyraunts Chap. 9. SIr Thomas Smith termeth him a Tyraunt that by force commeth to the Monarchy against the will of the people breaketh lawes already made at his pleasure and maketh other without the aduise and consent of the people and regardeth not the wealth of his commons but the aduauncemēt of himself his faction kindred Also there be two sorts of Tyrants The one in title the other in exercise He is in title Tyrant that without any lawfull title vsurpeth the gouernment In exercise he that hath good title to the principality and commeth in with the good will of the people but doth not rule wel and orderly as he should And so not onely they which behaue themselues wickedly towards their subiects are called Tyraunts as Edward the second of this realme in the yeere of our Lord 1319. and Alphonsus of Naples that lawfully came to the crowne in the yeere 1489. but also they are named tyrants which albeit they behaue themselues well yet they are to be called tyraunts in that they had no title to the principality as S●eno the King of Denmark that vsurped this realme of England in the yeere 1017. and Pope Clement the eight that now is who about two yeeres ago seysed on the Dukedome of Ferraria onely by pretence of a gift which Constantine time out of mind bequeathed to the papacy Furthermore there be sixe tokens to know a tyrant The first if hee sends abroad pickthanks talebearers and espies to hearken what men speake of him as Tiberius the Emperour was woont to do The second if he abolisheth the study of learning and burneth the monuments of most worthy wittes in the market place and in the assembly of the people least his subiects should attaine to the knowlege of wisedome As Alaricus king of the Gothes did in Italy in the yeere 313. and the great Turke in his Empire The third if hee maintaine schismes diuisions and factions in his kingdome for feare that men should prie into his doings As the Popes haue done alway from time to time and of late daies the Queene mother in Fraunce The fourth if hee trust straungers more then his
that men conuert that into deceite which God gaue them for good reason whereby it falleth out that one deceit bringeth in another and consequently cosenages are heaped vpon cosenages Herehence it commeth to passe that so many in these dayes are conicatched For how can it otherwise bee as long as they listen vnto flatterers despise wise men when they tel them of their follies Wherefore beware of smoothing dissemblers O ye that are gently disposed and suffer your selues to bee lift out of the gulfe of ignorance and to bee powdred with truth which earst like sots yee haue abandoned None euer haue beene deceiued but in that whereof they are ignorant or else in that which is obscure And if they bee deceiued it is prodigious if they bee deceiued of good men Finally they that perceiue not deceits shal oftentimes be deceiued of themselues Whether a man bee bound to performe that which he hath sworne to his enemie either willingly or by constraint Chap. 22. SO excellent a thing is the name of faith that the vse therof hath not only purchased credite among friends but also renowne amongst enemies which foundation being laide I constantly auerre if a man hath sworne vnto his enemie that he is periured if he performe not his othe Now vnder the name of Enemie I comprehend sixe sorts of people First there be forraine enemies such as the Spaniards bee vnto vs at this instant who by an vniuersall consent doe wage warre against vs and these are properly to bee termed enemies Secondly Rebelles of which number wee account the Earle of Tyrone and the wild Irish who haue traitorously reuolted from her Maiesties iurisdiction are to be called enemies Thirdly wee name Pirats rouers theeues Fourthly wee name aduersaries amongst whō ciuill discords hapneth enemies Fiftly banished persons outlawes and condemned men haue the title of enemies In which ranke I place Robin Hood little Iohn and their outlawde traine who spoylde the kings subiects Lastly Fugitiues and runnagate seruants making warre with their masters deserue the name of enemies In the beadroll of these enemies flatterers conicatchers slanderers and Promooters disturbers of the publike rest may be added Nowe to the question whether wee ought to keepe touch with all these sorts of enemies It seemeth vnfaignedly that we should as shall more manifestly appeare by these reasons First * othes by the testimonies of the scriptures are to be obserued Secondly * euill is not to bee committed that goodnes may ensue Periurie is euill therfore not to be committed that goodnesse may ensue no not although a man should lose his life for it Thirdly of two euils the least is to bee chosen but periurie is a greater euil then losse of goods and landes yea and which is more it is greater then losse of life therefore it is better to lose life and liuing then to burthen our consciences with the abominable sinne of periurie Fourthly there cannot be honestie nor quietnesse amongst vs if wee break our othes Sixtly it is no poynt of liuely magnanimitie to engage our faith vnlesse wee were willing to performe it for who shal dwel in Gods tabernacle who shall rest vpon his holy hil euen he that setteth not by himselfe It is rather the propertie of follie for that a foole wil sweare any thing for his owne safegard whereas a man of discretion will consider wel and weigh his speech as it were by the ounce before hee pawne it Seuenthly whatsoeuer a man sweareth and may performe with the fauor of God without sinne that same albeit compelled is to bee obserued for the name of God is of greater estimation then al tēporall commodities such is the promise which a man sweareth vnto theeues because nowe and then for our amendement GOD permitteth temptations therefore a man hauing sworne vnto theeues or pirates by compulsion may not prophane his othe Likewise Machiauell is worthie of many stripes who counselled his Prince to put on the foxes skinne when his other shiftes did faile and to follow that yong mans example who said I swore an othe by tongue but I beare a mind vnsworne Obiection An Obligation whereby a man is bound may bee made voyde by the authoritie of a Magistrate Also it is a rule in lawe A compelled othe is no oth therefore a man compelled to sweare may choose whether hee will keepe his othe or no. Answere There bee two sorts of obligations The first wherby a man is bounde by writing vnto another man and this kinde of obligation may bee made frustrate by the Iudges The second whereby a mā is bounde either vnto his friendes or enemies and this onely belongeth to GOD who by them is called to record Moreouer although this obligation by othe may bee made voyde by the publike law yet notwithstanding it remaineth stedfast in the priuate law of a mans conscience Of Heretiques and Schismatiques Chap. 23. THey are to be accounted heretiques which contumatiously defend erronious opinions in the church of Christ and will not by any exhortations bee conuerted to the truth Such were the Arrians that helde three degrees in the Trinitie Such were the Menandrians Manichaeans Carpocratians Cerinthians Valentinians Somosatenians Nouatians Ebionites Noetians Macedonians Douatists Tertullianists Pelagians Nestorians and others ● which by Iustinian the Emperour were afterwards condemned their goods confiscated and themselues either banished or put to death Innumerable examples cōcerning heretiques are extant but I will cōtent my selfe at this time with the rehearsall onely of two of thē the memory wherof is as yet rife amongst many of vs. In the yeere of our Lorde 1561. and the third yeere of the raigne of Queen Elizabeth there was in London one William Ieffery that impudently affirmed Iohn Moore a companion of his to bee Iesus Christ and would not reuoke his foolish beleefe vntill hee was whipped from Southwarke to Bedlem where the saide Moore meeting with him was whipped likewise vntill they both confessed that Christ was in heauen themselues but sinfull and wicked heretiques In like maner about ten yeeres ago I my selfe being then a scholer at Westminster Henry Arthingtō Edmond Coppinger two gentlemen bewitched by one William Hackets dissimulations concluded him to bee the Messias and thereupon ranne into Cheapside proclaiming the said Hacket to bee Christ. For which hereticall or rather Diuelish deuice they were apprehended and imprisoned in the end Hacket was hanged on a gallowes placed vp in Cheapside Arthington was kept in prison vpō hope of repentance Coppinger died for sorrow the next day in Bridewell Thus we see that truth although for a time it be darkened by a cloude yet at last it preuailes and gettes the victory the Heretiques themselues are by Gods speciall iudgements confounded and their couragious opinions in a moment abated Neither will it be long ere that the Romish Bishop the sonne of Belial shall see his