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A26998 The Protestant religion truely stated and justified by the late Reverend Mr. Richard Baxter ; prepared for the press some time before his death ; whereunto is added, by way of preface, some account of the learned author, by Mr. Danel Williams and Mr. Matthew Sylvester. Baxter, Richard, 1615-1691.; Williams, Daniel, 1643?-1716.; Sylvester, Matthew, 1636 or 7-1708. 1692 (1692) Wing B1359; ESTC R1422 79,512 227

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sins And St. Paul saith 1 Cor. 11.23 I have received of the Lord that which I delivered to you That the Lord Jesus the Night in which he was betrayed took Bread c. Vers 25. After the same manner also he took the Cup when he had Supped saying This Cup is the New-Testament in my blood This do ye as oft as you drink it in remembrance of me For as often as ye eat this Bread and drink this Cup ye do shew the Lord's Death 'till he come Wherefore whosoever shall eat this Bread and drink this Cup of the Lord unworthily shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord But let a man examine himself and so let him eat of that bread and drink of that Cup. These words do so plainly say it is bread after the Consecration and do so plainly require all to drink of the Cup as well as to eat of the Bread that the Infallible Clergy are fain to accuse the Light of Darkness the Text of deceitful Obscurity till the Pope and his Prelates have expounded it by giving it the Lye Just like the Knave in Ignoramus's Play that Proclaimed the man to be Mad from whom he intended to extort Money that is for binding and abusing him What is it to proclaim Christ and Paul to be Fools that could not speak Sense if this be not But the Doctors have also contradictions to charge on Christ even that else-where he saith He that eateth his Flesh shall live for ever Ans 1. That is He that trusteth in a Sacrificed Christ as the means of his Salvation as bread is the means of natural Life He that would not understand cannot understand the plainest Words But doth Christ say that any man eateth his flesh that drinketh not his blood Or that he shall have Life that doth the one without the other 2. And seeing they take every Rogue that eateth their Wafer to eat Christs Flesh do they not here falsly say that all such shall have Eternal Life O happy miserable Church that hath Eternal Life how wicked soever for eating the Wafer and calling it Christs Flesh And all this that Faith may not be thought to be meant by eating 3. But seeing it must needs be eating by the Teeth or by Flesh eating that is meant they have found out a crafty literal way Christ saith that he loveth and cherisheth his Church as his own Flesh and we are Members of his body of his flesh and of his bones And so they that Murdered a Million of the Albigenses c. and Massacred 40000 in France and 200000 in Ireland and Burnt them in England Germany the Low Countries and Tormented and Killed them in Bohemia and many other Lands did learn the literal way of eating Christs Flesh And who doubts but the Devil tells them that they shall thereby obtain everlasting Life But why then are they against drinking his blood when actually they draw it out by streams Perhaps by Burning his Bones as they did Buce●s Phagius Wickliffes and 1000 more they think that their Teeth scape the trouble of gnawing them and thus they feed on Christs body flesh and bones For their Masters beat Witches if they bring him not account at every Meeting of some mischief that they have done 3. And what but flat opposition to Christ should move these men to forbid one half of his Sacrament which he calls the New-Testament in his blood One would wonder what should be their Motive It is no matter of Pleasure Profit or Honour This very Deceiver had more wit than to pretend Antiquity for it or any one ancient Doctor of the Church They dare not deny save to Ignorants and Fools that it is a Novelty contrary to unquestioned Consent and Practice of all Christs Church for above a thousand years or near at least It is undenyably against Christs Institution and Command against his Apostles Doctrine and Scripture Practice against all the Judgment and Practice of the ancient Church against the Nature and Integrity of the Sacrament against the Concord of the Church that will never Unite against all these against the Sense and Comfort of Believers What then doth over-rule so many men to Tear the Church to Murder so many Bohemians as they did c. for such a thing as this is Reader I will tell thee all that I know The Devil is in constant War against Christ and his Kingdom and the Souls of men As he thought he could have triumphed in making Job curse God to his Face so he would fain shew that he can make Christs own pretended Ministers oppose and despise the plainest of his Commands and defie his Word and him to his Face To this he gets by the baits of Worldly Wealth Honour and Dominion a sort of Fleshly Worldly men to be Bishops whose very hearts are against the Laws of Christ And puffing up these men by degrees he tells them how they must be Great and arrogate Power equal to Christs Apostles and so domineer over the Souls of men and all this on pretence of honouring Christ And having gotten a Generation of gross ignorant debauched Villains into the Papal elevated Seat and the Ruling Church Power when some poor Woman once or twice shed some of the Wine or a Priest chanced to spill it their prophane Holiness decreed that they should drink the Wine no more save the Clergy but should eat Christs Blood which they said was in his Flesh and a while they dipt the Wafer in Wine and then pretended Infallibility being their vain Glory they must not change lest they should seem to be fallible and should Repent for Repenting undoes Satans Kingdom The One and Fortieth accused Point That there is not in the Church a true and proper Sacrifice and that the Mass is not a Sacrifice Ans True and proper if the words are intelligible are put against false and equivocal or figurative And what man can tell us which Sence of the word Sacrifice must be taken for the only proper Sence when with Heathens and Christians the word is used in so many Sences and there are so many sorts of Sacrifices This man would not tell you whether it be the Thing or the Name that he controverteth that would be to come into the Light If it be the thing we never doubted but divers things are and must be in the Church which are called Sacrifices some in Scripture and some by Papists And some things by them called Sacrifices are in their Church which God is against If it be the Name that is the question we know that in a General Sence it may be given to many things of different Species and equivocally yet to more but which Sence to call proper among so many let quibling Grammarians tell him We strive no further about Names than tendeth to preserve the due Judgment of things Sometime a Sacrifice signifieth a second thing offered to God by way of worship Sometime more strictly somewhat supposed
are thought to make the reward to be of Debt and not of Grace and that are set in the least opposition or competition with Christs Merits or in any place save commanded subordination to him nay he says he firmly holds That Works done with a conceit of obliging God by Merit in commutative Justice or as conceited sufficient without a Saviour and the pardon of their failings do more further their Damnation than Salvation Yea p. 97. none but Christ merited of strict distributive Justice according to the Law of Innocency nor by any Works that will save from the charge of sin and desert of death And that thou mayest know what he ascribes to our Graces Holiness or Works He tells us p. 119. we mean by Merit but the moral aptitude for the reward of a free Benefactor who also is Rector when the ordering of a free gift suspended on official conditions is sapientially made a means of procuring obedience This one Clause if understood and he is a bold Traducer of so great a Man that cannot understand words so plain will acquit Mr. B. and inform thee of the place of all Gospel Conditions 1. All Gospel-blessings are the free gifts of Christ as Benefactor they have their being without any regard to what we do therefore nothing in man is a jot of the righteousness or merit for which they are bestowed 2. Christ is our Rector or Governor he will rule us as well as be beneficent to us 3. As a means to incline us to comply with him as Rector he suspends these blessings on terms of what he makes our Duty and wisely orders them as Motives to our Obedience 4. Any Act of our Obedience is no more than a conformity to that Order of his and doth not hinder all we receive from him to be of free gift Obj. But he saith that good Works are necessary to Salvation Answ He doth so and how few deny it But 1. Not if a man dye as soon as he be converted but if he have time p. 94. 2. Their rewardableness is by Gods free Grace and Promise for the sake of Christs meritorious Righteousness Sacrifice and Intercession their imperfection being pardoned and their holiness amiable through him These are his words p. 76. 3. He saith Not without or as a supplement to the Sacrifice Merits and free Grace of Christ our Saviour and Faith in him p. 93 75. And we give our selves to Christ as our Prophet Priest and King to be saved by his Merits p. 94.4 He saith our best Works will not save a man from the charge of sin and desert of death p. 97. 5. He denies that external Obedience is necessary to our admission into a justified state as he shews in the Thief on the Cross And when he saith we are justified by our Faith Godliness and Works Justification is not taken by him for the pardon of sin which he ascribes wholly to the Merits of Christ but he takes Justification there for our acquittance against the accusation that we are Infidels Ungodly and Hypocrites And saith that against the charge that we are Sinners deserving Hell we are justified by Christ believed in p. 94. His meaning is plainly this Christ alone by his Merits forgives our sins and purchased eternal Life for us But seeing that Christ hath promised to forgive none but the penitent Believer and declared he will destroy all impenitent unbelieving ungodly sinners Now he thinks that we must be truly acquitted that we are not such or we shall not be saved by Christ Yea he thinks that when God justifies a man for Christs Merits he doth also declare a man to be a true Believer because he will justifie no other and will justifie all such and when God admits a man into Glory he doth even thereby adjudge him a believing penitent holy and upright man and free from the charge of being an infidel hypocritical unholy Enemy against whom the Gospel denounceth Vengeance and bars relief Let these things be weighed and none will wonder that he should say on his sick bed No works I will leave out works if he grant me the other And truly in health none spake more humbly of his own Works than he used to do But because some confident weak persons have inferred from that passage that he changed his Principles when he came to dye we shall inform thee that after that passage was utter'd by him even the night before his death Mr. Baxter was asked whether he was of the same sentiments as formerly about Justification He answered That he had told the World sufficiently his thoughts about it by several Writings and otherwise and thither he referr'd them And after a little pause with his Eyes lifted up to Heaven he cryed Lord pity pity pity the Ignorance of this poor City And in the time of his sickness he declared to us and others that his thoughts in these things were the same as formerly Our regards to Mr. B. force the Publication of what we here insert tho' we would not be judged so happy as to arrive at his Light to lead us to a full Agreement with all his Sentiments As to this Book we wish there be not still great need of such helps against Popery and we are assured it will give more light than some greater Volumes on this Subject That God may render it useful shall be the Prayer of Thy Servants in the Gospel Daniel Williams Matthew Sylvester Protestant Religion Truly Stated and Justified c. THE Deceiver calleth his Book The Touchstone of the Reformed Gospel as if he owned a Gospel distinct from that of the Reformed Church And he undertakes to name fifty two points which the Protestants affirm but tells you not where nor proveth his affirmation but you must believe him as a Touchstone of Truth Dec. The first Protestant affirmation feigned is That there is not in the Church One and that an infallible Rule for understanding the Holy Scripture and conserving of Vnity in matters of Faith Answ A meer Lye if he mean that this is any part of Protestant Doctrine but he may find as crude confused words in some ignorant person that is called a Protestant The Reformed Catholicks hold that there is in the Church one and that an infallible Rule for understanding the holy Scripture and conserving of Vnity in matters of Faith And that Rule is The Evidence of its own meaning as inherent in its self discernible or intelligible by men prepared and instructed by competent Teaching and Study and the necessary help of Gods Grace and Spirit This is that Rule But the Reformed believe not 1. That there is any Rule by which ignorant prejudiced heretical wilfully blind wicked uncapable men can understand such Scripture as they are hereby undisposed to understand unless by a great change made on themselves Nor that any Prince can make a Statute which on Man can misunderstand abuse or violate 2. Nor that Men can understand it
God would have bid us do it if he would have us do it so we know that he is all sufficient to tell them what and when to doe for us and to pray to him is the way to secure their Service 9. And we know that there is one Mediator between God and Man whose Intercession is sufficient 10. And we know that Christians praying to Angels and separated Souls greatly hardeneth the Heathen World that pray to separated Souls and Daemons that are their Sub-deities 11. And when these men say not we must pray to Angels but we may do it what horrid Murderers are they that will Burn Kill and Damn men for not doing all that they think they may do without any must or Divine Obligation Why take they it not at best as part of their Works of Supererrogation 12. The Deceiver prophaning the Scripture 1. Puts Jacobs Benediction desiring the Angels guard on his Son to be a prayer to Angels Yea when the Fathers say that Angel was Christ himself 2. And Jacobs words to the Angel that appeared to him to be a reason for our praying to unseen Spirits If they appear to us we shall the better know what and when to speak to them The Nine and Twentieth accused Point That the Angels cannot help us Ans This is too gross stating of Controversies for a Collier or a Cobler tho' not for a Doctor of Infallible Church 1. We say that not only an Angel but a Man an Ass as Balaams a blast of Wind Flies Frogs Lice as in Egypt can help us when God sendeth them to help us 2. We believe that Angels are specially Empowred and willing for it So that they are Gods Eminent Ministring Spirits for the good of his Elect. 3. But we believe that they can do nothing for us but what God empowreth and Commissioneth them to do He that Curseth those that trust in man and make Flesh their Arm instead of trusting God will so Curse them that so trust in Angels But yet we may and must trust man and Angels according to their several measures of Gods authorizing and enabling them The great Mercies of Protection and assistance that God giveth us by Angels is the matter of much of our daily thanks to God And I am daily thankful to Angels themselves and I think I love them better than any Friends on Earth because they are better and love God better And I am the willinger to Die because I shall go to the World of Love where as God and Christ is Love so Angels love God and we for his sake better than I love my self while our Papists that pray to Angels devour the blood of Saints The Thirtieth accused Point That no Saint Deceased hath after appeared to any on Earth Ans A meer false Calumny What Protestant Confessions have any such Article How know we what hath been done of that kind in all the World to this day Read but Dr. More and Mr. Glanvils Books of Apparitions and Mr. Ambrose and Mr. Lawrences Books of our Communion with Angels Read Zanchius Luther Melaucton Manlius Lavalu c. and you may see that this is no Protestant assertion We know that Christ appeared to Saul and that many Bodies of Saints arose at Christs Death and appeared to many And what the Witch of Endor showed as Samuel we know not We only say 1. That it is much liker that Apparitions are oftest made by Devils or bad Spirits that dwell in the lower Regions than that blessed Spirits come from Heaven 2. But yet seeing Angels thence appear we cannot say that Holy Souls never do 3. But that God will not have it to be any ordinary or trusty means for Men's Salvation For we cannot know when it is a Holy Soul and when a Devil And they that will not believe Moses and the Prophets and Christ neither will they believe tho' one rose from the Dead It 's no Article of our Faith that they ever did appear or not And if these men think otherwise why must this Opinion more than Ten thousand such be obtruded as necessary on all others The One and Thirtieth accused Point That the Saints Deceased know not what passeth here on Earth Ans Confusion and Calumny There is knowledge Immediate by Intention and Mediate by Notification from others And there is knowledge perfect and in part 1. We take not on us to know the extent of the knowledge of separated Souls And these proud Infallible men know no more than we but so much less in that they know not their own Ignorance Yet neither Lilly nor any Astrologer nor Conjurer that ever I heard of that pretendeth the greatest acquaintance with Spirits did ever pretend to make their Opinions of them necessary to Salvation nor to kill all Dissenters as Hereticks but the Vice-Christ and his Church we cannot know all that they pretend to know And why must we needs know whether ever such Souls appeared If they did we will try what they are by the word of God which is our Rule And why must we know how much they know We know that they are not Omniscient nor Omnipresent And how much they know by present Intention not one of these Pretenders know That they know more than we and know much by the notices of Angels or one another and specially of the General State of Christs Kingdom on Earth we make no doubt And what Christ himself maketh known to them we know not O! what sort of men are these that forbid us to Read the Word of God and yet obtrude on us on dismal Penalties so many things more than all the Bible doth contain The Two and Thirtieth accused Point That the Saints pray not for us Ans Equivocal and false 1. All Saints on Earth pray for us It is part of the Communion of Saints 2. We say of the Prayer of departed Souls the same that we said before of the Prayer of Angels Their General Requests for the Church and against Enemies proveth not to us what extent their knowledge of particulars hath nor what particulars they ask nor that every Christian can say that they pray for him and that in his particular cases The Three and Thirtieth accused Point That we ought not to beseech God to grant our prayers in favour of the Saints or their Merits Nor do we receive any benefit thereby Ans This is before answered to the 17th Accusation I told you that we hold that God blesseth Children for their Holy Parents sakes their Relation making the welfare of the one to be the others And God blessed others for Josephs sake and sometimes preserveth whole Countries for the sake of the Godly there And on what account and how far I will not again repeat And the Union and Communion of Saints in Heaven and Earth are so near that I dare not say that God doth any good to any one faithful Soul that is not in some respect for the sake of all the rest as the
highly to gratifie or please him offered to expiate some Crime that displeaseth him or by pleasing to procure some benefit from him Among Heathens and Jews there were various sorts of Sacrifices Some Hilastical some Eucharistical Some of things Lifeless and some of Living Creatures where strictly part was burnt and so offered to God and part given to the Priest and part eaten by the Offerers We hold 1. That Jesus Christ offered his Body on the Cross a Sacrifice to God for the expiation of Sin as a thing pleasing to God in a sence which no other Sacrifice ever was or is not that God delighted in his Blood Pain or Death as such but as finis gratiâ it was the most excellent means to demonstrate his Wisdom Love Justice and Mercy and save a sinful race of men with the honour of his Law and Government 2. We hold that Christ hath instituted his Sacrament to be a visible Representation of this his Sacrifice both for Commemoration and for actual Investiture and Collation of Christ to be our Saviour and Head in Union and of his Grace and Benefits Pardon Reconciliation Adoption Justification Sanctification and Title to Glory And we know that the ancient Churches called this often a Sacrifice Not in the same sence as Christ was our Sacrifice nor as the Mosaical Types were Sacrifices but a Representative Sacrifice representing Christs own But we are the shier to use the name Sacrifice where Papists apply it to Idolatry 3. We know that all Christians are bound to dedicate themselves to God and even to lay down their Lives when he requireth it and bound to offer him penitent Confession Praise Thanksgiving and to give Alms to the poor and serve and honour him with all their Wealth and Power And all these are called Sacrifices in Scripture because they are sacred oblations acceptable to God through the merits of Christs Sacrifice Is not this man a Calumniator then that faith we hold that there is not in the Church a true and proper Sacrifice unless he call none true and proper but what no man can offer to God But what say we to the Sacrifice of the Mass We say that for the Priest to pretend that after his words Bread is turned into Christs Flesh in a Physical sence and Wine into his Blood and that this is our God and that he sacrificeth this God to God and eateth and drinketh him so sacrificed and that all that so receive him have Eternal Life This is a prophanation of Holy things a deceiving of Souls a blaspheming of Christ and Idolatry against God And all sacrificing in their Mass that is more than a Representation of Christs own sacrificing himself for Commemoration and Communication of the gifts of his Testament and the expression of our Gratitude and Devotedness to God by him is their own prophane invention How do they offer his broken body and blood shed any otherwise than Representatively unless they kill him and eat him when he is Dead It was only a Representation of his own sacrificed Body and Blood which he made at the Sacrament himself not then broken and shed but to be broken slain and shed soon after unless he had two bodies one dead and one alive The Sacrament indeed was called a Sacrifice by the ancient Churches to signifie that it is not Christs body as now glorified in Heaven that is there Represented but his body as once flesh and blood sacrificed on the Cross And how can it be that but by Representation sacrificing it was killing it Do they kill Christ a thousand thousand times over yea and kill his Gloryfied body He hath no existent Flesh and Blood in Heaven speaking properly and formally but a Spiritual glorified body that was Flesh and Blood on Earth And doth every Priest turn Christs Spiritual glorified body into Flesh and Blood again O what a Mass of prophanation is their Mass Tho Two and Fortieth accused Point That Sacramental Vnction is not to be used to the Sick Ans In those Hot-Countries anointing their bodies was used as a great refreshment for Delight and Health And Christ and his Apostles applyed it to the Miraculous use of Healing as Christ did Clay and Spittle to a blind Man And while that miraculous use continued St. James bids those that are sick as a punishment for some sin to send for the Elders of the Church that they may pray for the pardon of his sin and for his recovery and anoint him with Oil and if he have not sinned unto Death that is a Capital Crime which God would have Magistrates punish with Death and will do so himself his Sin shall be forgiven and he shall be healed See now the Malice of the Prince of Darkness He that tempteth men to cast out half the substance of the Lords Supper meerly to shew what they can and will and dare do against his Word and tempteth men to forbid the very Scripture it self yet to undoe he will overdoe and draw men to be wise and Righteous over much Who would think these men are against the sufficiency of Scripture that will turn its temporary occasional actions into perpetual Sacraments They make Conscience of washing Feet of bearing Palms of the Holy-Kiss but on the Pax and a Sacrament of anointing the sick And why they make not a Sacrament of anointing the Blind with Clay and Spittle of washing at Jordan or Siloam Pools and of the said Kiss and washing of Feet of bearing Palms of the Popes Riding on an Ass c. I know not But for the Name of a Sacrament bring first a Military and then a Church Term not used in Scripture we will not quarrel with them They may laxly extend it to almost any Ceremony or sign Religiously used rightly or wrongly But 1. They use that to the Dying when they judge them past hope which St. James spake of using for Recovery 2. They use that as an ordinary thing which was to be used only for miraculous Cures and yet shew not that they have the Faith or gift of Miracles nor cure any by it 3. They force men to that feigned Sacrament now ceased with that gift which was used to none but such as Voluntarily desired it Why are they not con●●●●ed to use it themselves but they must force all others to it as necessary What Man Woman or Child do you read of in all the New-Testament that was anointed in order to Death save a Woman that meant no such thing that anointed Christ in Health Where read you that Dragoons or Inquisitors inforced it and draged naked the bodies through the Streets and Buryed them in Dunghils or where Dogs may eat them if they refuse it Whose Sacraments can we think are these The Three and Fortieth accused Point That no Interior Grace is given by Imposition of hands in Holy Orders And that ordinary Vocation and Mission of Pastors is not necessary in the Church Ans Contrarily the Reformed Catholicks hold