Selected quad for the lemma: death_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	cup_n	drink_v	eat_v	8,062	5	7.8137	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A41427	The English-American, his travail by sea and land, or, A new survey of the West-India's containing a journall of three thousand and three hundred miles within the main land of America ... : also, a new and exact discovery of the Spanish navigation to those parts ... : with a grammar, or some few rediments of the Indian tongue called Poconchi, or Pocoman / by the true and painfull endeavours of Thomas Gage ... 1648.	Gage, Thomas, 1603?-1656.	1648 (1648)	Wing G109; ESTC R22621	392,970	244

omitting of it but all without amendment thought fit to fixe in writing upon the Churches dores an excommunication against all such as should presume at the time of service to eat or drinke within the Church This excommunication was taken by all but especially by the Gentlewomen much to heart who protested if they might not eat or drinke in the Church they could not continue in it to heare what otherwise they were bound unto The chiefe of them knowing what great friendship there was between the Bishop and the Prior and my selfe came to the Prior and mee desiring us to use all meanes wee could with the Bishop for the revoking that his excommunication so heavily laid upon them and threatning their soules with damning judgement for the violation of it The good Prior and my selfe laboured all we could alleadging the custome of the Countrey the weakenesse of the sex whom it most concerned and also the weaknesse of their stomackes the contempt that might from them ensue unto his person and many inconveniences which might follow to the breeding of an uproar in the church and in the City whereof we had some probable conjecture from what already we had heard from some But none of these reasons would move the Bishop to which he answered that he preferred the honour of God and of his house before his owne life The women seeing him so hard to be intreated began to stomacke him the more and to sleight him with scornefull and reproachfull words others sleighted his excommunication drinking in iniquity in the Church as the fish doth water which caused one day such an uproare in the Cathedrall that many swords were drawne against the Preists and Prebends who attempted to take away from the maids the cups of Chocolatte which they brought unto their mistresses who at last seeing that neither faire nor soule meanes would prevaile with the Bishop resolved to forsake the Cathedrall where the Bishops own and his Prebends eies must needs be watching over them and so from that time most of the City betooke themselves to the Cloister Churches where by the Nuns and Friers they were not troubled nor resisted though fairely counselled to obey the command of the Bishop whose name now they could not brooke and to whose Prebends they denied now all such reliefe and stipend for Masses which formerly they had used to bestow upon them conferring them all upon the Fryers who grew rich by the poor impoverished Cathedrall This lasted not long but the Bishop began to stomacke the Fryers and to set up another excommunication binding all the City to resort unto their owne Cathedrall Church which the women would not obey but kept their houses for a whole month in which time the Bishop fell dangerously sick and desired to retire himselfe to the Cloister of the Dominicans for the great confidence he had in the Prior that he would take care of him in his sickenesse Physitians were sent for far and neere who all with a joynt opinion agreed that the Bishop was poisoned and he himself doubted not of it at his death praying unto God to forgive those that had been the cause of it and to accept of that sacrifice of his life which he was willing to offer for the zeale of Gods house and honour He lay not above a week in the Cloister and as soone as he was dead all his body his head and face did so swell that the least touch upon any part of him caused the skin to break and cast out white matter which had corrupted and overflowne all his body A Gentlewoman with whom I was well acquainted in that City who was noted to be somewhat too familiar with one of the Bishops Pages was commonly censured to have prescribed such a cup of Chocolatte to be ministred by the Page which poysoned him who so rigorously had forbidden Chocolatte to be drunk in the Church My self heard this Gentlewoman say of the deceased Bishop that she thought few grieved for his death that the women had no reason to grieve for him and that she judged he being such an enemy to Chocolatte in the Church that which he had drunk at home in his house had not agreed with his body And it became afterwards a Proverbe in that Country Beware of the Chocolatte of Chiapa which made me so cautious that I would not drinke afterwards of it in any house where I had not very great satisfaction of the whole Family The women of this City are somewhat light in their carriage and have learned from the Devill many entising lessons and baits to draw poore soules to sinne and damnation and if they cannot have their wills they wil surely work revenge either by Chocolatte or Conserves or some faire present which shall surely carry death along with it The Gentlewoman that was suspected nay was questioned for the death of the Bishop had often used to send me boxes of Chocolatte or conserves which I willingly received from her judging it to be a kind of gratuity for the paines I tooke in teaching her son Latin She was of a very merry and pleasant disposition which I thought might consist without sin untill one day she sent unto mee a very faire plantin wrapped up in a hankerchief buried in sweet Jazmines and roses when I untied the handkerchief I thought among the flowers I should find some rich token or some peeces of eight but finding nothing but a plantin I wondred and looking further upon it I found worked upon it with a knife the fashion of a heart with two of blind Cupids arrows sticking in it discovering unto my heart the poisoned heart and thoughts of the poisoner that sent it I thought it a good warning to be wary and cautious of receiving more presents or Chocolatte from such hands and so returned unto her againe her plantin with this short rhyme cut out with a knife upon the skinne fruta tan fria amor no cria as much as to say fruit so cold takes no hold This answer and resolution of mine was soone spread over that little City which made my Gentlewoman outragious which presently she shewed by taking away her sonne from schoole and in many meetings threatning to play me a Chiapaneca tricke But I remembred the Bishops Chocolatte and so was wa●…y and staid not long after in that poisoning and wicked City which truly deserves no better relation then what I have given of the simple Dons and the Chocolatte-confectioning Donna's There is yet twelve leagues from this City of Chiapa another Chiapa which deserveth better commendations This consisteth most of Indians and is held to be one of the biggest Indian Townes in all America containing at least four thousand families This Towne hath many priviledges from the King of Spain and is governed chiefly by Indians yet with subordination unto the Spanish government of the City of Chiapa who doe choose an Indian Governour with other inferiour officers to rule with him This Governour

and much practised in the City upon the Indians when they come thither to buy or sell. Those that keep the Bodegones so are called the houses that sell wine which are no better then a Chandlers shop for besides wine they sell Candles Fish Salt Cheese and Bacon will commonly intice in the Indians and make them drunk and then pick their pockets and turne them out of doores with blowes and stripes if they will not fairly depart There was in Guatemala in my time one of these Bodegoner●… or shopkeeper of wine and small ware named Ioan Ramos who by thus cheating and tipling poore Indians as it was generally reported was worth two hundred thousand duckates and in my time gave with a daughter that was married eight thousand Duckats No Indian should passe by his doore but he would call him in and play upon him as aforesaid In my time a Spanish Farmer neighbour of mine in the Valley of Mixco chanced to send to Guatemala his Indian servants with half a dozen mules loaden with wheat to a Merchant with whom hee had agreed before for the price and ordered the money to bee sent unto him by his servant whom hee had kept six yeers and ever found him trusty the wheat being delivered and the money received the which mounted to ten pound sixteen shillings every mule carrying six bushels at twelve Rials a bushel as was then the price the Indian with another Mate of his walking along the streets to buy some small commodities passed by Iohn Ramos his shop or Bodegon who enticing him and his Mate in soone tripped up their heals with a little confectioned wine for that purpose and tooke away all his mony from the intrusted Indian and beat them out of his house who thus drunk being forced to ride home the Indian that had received the money fell from his mule and broke his neck the other got home without his Mate or money The Farmer prosecuted Iohn Ramos in the Court for his money but Ramos being rich and abler to bribe then the Farmer got off very well and so had done formerly in almost the like cases These are but peccadillo's among those Spaniards to make drunke rob and occasion the poor Indians death whose death with them is no more regarded nor vindicated then the death of a sheep or bullock that falls into a pit And thus having spoken of apparrell houses eating and drinking it remaines that I say somewhat of their civility and Religion of those who lived under the Government of the Spaniards From the Spaniards they have borrowed their Civill Government and in all Townes they have one or two Alcaldes with more or lesse Regidores who are as Aldermen or Jurates amongst us and some Alguaziles more or lesse who are as Constables to execute the orders of the Alcalde who is a Maior with his Brethren In Towns of three or four hundred Families or upwards there are commonly two Alcaldes six Regidores two Alguaziles Maiors and six under or petty Alguaziles And some Towns are priviledged wi●…h an Indian Governour who is above the Alcaldes and all the rest of the Officers These are changed every yeer by new election and are chosen by the Indians themselves who take their turnes by the tribes or kindreds whereby they are divided Their offices begin on New-Yeers day and after that day their election is carryed to the City of Guatemala if in that district it bee made or else to the heads of Justice or Spanish Governours of the severall Provinces who confirm the new Election and take account of the last yeers expences made by the other Officers who carry with them their Town-Book of accounts and therefore for this purpose every Town hath a Clerk or Scrivener called Escrivano who commonly continueth many yeers in his office by reason of the paucity and unfitnesse of Indian Scriveners who are able to beare such a charge This Clerk hath many fees for his writings and informations and accounts as have the Spaniards though not so much money or bribes but a small matter according to the poverty of the Indians The Governour is also commouly continued many yeers being some chief man among the Indians except for his misdemeanours hee bee complained of or the Indians in generall doe all stomack him Thus they being setled in a civill way of government they may execute justice upon all such Indians of their Town as doe notoriously and scandalously offend They may imprison fine whip and banish but hang and quarter they may not but must remit such cases to the Spanish Governour So likewise if a Spaniard passing by the Town or living in it doe trouble the peace and misdemean himself they may lay hold on him and send him to the next Spanish Justice with a full information of his offence but fine him or keep him about one night in prison they may not This order they have against Spaniards but they dare not execute it for a whole Town standeth in awe of one Spaniard and though hee never so hainously offend and bee unruly with oathes threatnings and drawing of his sword hee maketh them quake and tremble and not presume to touch him for they know if they doe they shall have the worst either by blowes or by some mis-information which hee will give against them And this hath been very often tried for where Indians have by virtue of their order indeavoured to curbe an unruly Spaniard in their Town some of them have been wounded others beaten and when they have carried the Spaniard before a Spanish Justice and Governour hee hath pleaded for what hee hath done saying it was in his owne defence or for his King and Soveraign and that the Indians would have killed him and began to mutiny all together against the Spanish Authority and Government denying to serve him with what hee needed for his way and journey that they would not bee slaves to give him or any Spaniard any attendance and that they would make an end of him and of all the Spaniards With these and such like false and lying mis-informations the unruly Spaniards have often been beleeved and too much upheld in their rude and uncivill misdemeanors and the Indians bitterly curbed and punished and answer made them in such cases that if they had been killed for their mutiny and rebellion against the King and his best subjects they had beene served well enough and that if they gave not attendance unto the Spaniard that passed by their Town their houses should bee fired and they and their children utterly consumed With such like answers from the Justices and ●…redency to what any base Spaniard shall inform against them the poore Indians are fain to put up all wrongs done unto them not daring to meddle with any Spaniard bee hee never so unruly by virtue of that Order which they have against them Amongst themselves if any complaint be made against any Indian they dare not meddle with him untill they call

Winds No Ship dares cast anchor within the Haven but onely under the Rock and Castle and yet not sure enough so with Anchors except with Cables also they be bound and fastened to Rings of Iron for that purpose to the side of the Rock from whence sometimes it hath happened that Ships floating with the Stream too much on one side the Rocke have been driven off and cast upon the other Rockes or out to the Ocean the Cables of their Anchors and those wherewith they have beene fastned to the Castle being broken with the force of the Winds This happened to one of our Ships the first night after we landed who were happy that we were not then at Sea for there arose such a storme and Tempest from the North that it quite broke the Cables of one Ship and drove it out to the maine Sea and wee thought it would have blowne and droven us out of our beds after it for the slight boarded houses did so totter shake that we expected every houre when they would fal upon our heads We had that first night enough of St. Iohn de Ulhua and little rest though feasted as well at Supper as at Dinner by our vaine boasting Prior who before wee went to bed had caused all our feet to bee washed that now in easier beds then for above two moneths together the strait and narrow Cabins of the Ship had allowed us our sleep might be more quiet and more nourishing to our bodies but the whistling Winds and tottering Chambers which made our Beds uneasie Cradles to us caused us to flie from our rest at midnight and with our bare though washed feet to seeke the dirty Yard for safer shelter In the morning the Fryers of the Cloister who were acquainted with those winds and storms laughed at our fearefulnesse assuring us that they never slept better then when their Beds were rocked with such like blasts But that nights affrightment made us weary already of our good and kind entertainment wee desired to remo●…e from the Sea side which our Superiour Calvo yeelded to not for our feare sake so much as for his feare lest with eating too much of the fruits of that Countrey and drinking after them too greedily of the water which causeth dangerous Fluxes and hasteneth death to those that newly come from Spain to those parts wee should fall sick and die there as hundreds did after our departure for want of temperance in the use of those fruits which before they had never seen or eaten Thirty Mules were ready for us which had bin brought a purpose from Mexico and had waited for us in St. Iohn de Ulhua six days before ever the Fleet arrived Calvo that day busied himselfe a Ship board in sending to shore our Chests and such Provision as had been left of Wines and Bisket Gammons of Bacon and salted Beefe whereof there was some store besides a dozen Hens and three Sheep which was much wondred at that so much should be left after so long a voiage In the mean time we visited our friends and tooke our leaves of them in the forenoone and after Dinner seats were prepared for us in the Cathedrall Church to sit and see a Comedy acted which had beene on purpose studied and prepared by the Town for the entertainment of the new Viceroy of Mexico Thus two daies onely we abode in St. Iohn de Ulhua and so departed CHAP. IX Of our journey from S t. John de Ulhua to Mexico and of the most remarkeable Townes and Villages in the way VPon the 14. day of September we left the Town and Port of S. Iohn de Ulhua entring into the rode to Mexico which we found the first three or four leagues to bee very sandy as wide and open as is our rode from London to S. Albans The first Indians we met with was at the old Vera Crux a Towne seated by the sea side which the Spaniards that first conquered that countrey thought to have made their chief Harbour but afterwards by reason of the small shelter they found in it for their ships against the North winds they left it and removed to S. Iohn de Ulhua Here we began to discover the power of the Preists and Fryers over the poore Indians and their subjection and obedience unto them The Prior of S. Iohn de Ulhua had writ a letter unto them the day before of our passing that way charging them to meet us in the way and to welcome us into those parts which was by the poor Indians gallantly performed for two miles before we came to the Towne there met us on Horseback some twenty of the chiefe of the Towne presenting unto every one of us a nosegay of flowers who rid before us a bow shot till we met with more company on foot to wit the Trumpeters the Waits who sounded pleasantly all the way before us the Officers of the Church such as here we call Church-wardens though more in number according to the many sodalities or confraternities of Saints whom they serve these likewise presented to each of us a nosegay next met us the singing men and boyes all the Quiristers who softly and leisurely walked before us singing Te Deum laudamus till we came to the midst of the Towne where were two great Elmetrees the chiefe Market place there was set up one long arbour with green bowes and a table ready furnished with boxes of conserves and other sweat meates and diet-bread to prepare our stomacks for a cup of Chocolatte which while it was seasoning with the hot water and Sugar the chiefe Indians and Officers of the Towne made a speech unto us having first kneeled downe and kissed our hands one by one they welcomed us into their Countrey calling us the Apostles of Jesus Christ thanked us for that we had left our own Countrey our friends our fathers a●…d mothers for to save their soules they told us they honoured us as Gods upon earth and many such complements they used till our Chocolatte was brought We refreshed ourselves for the space of one hour and gave hearty thanks to the Indians for their kind respects unto us assuring them that nothing was more deare unto us in this world then their souls which that we might save wee regarded not sea nor land dangers nor the unhumane cruelties of barbarous and savage Indians who as yet had no knowledge of the true God no nor our owne lives And thus we took our leaves giving unto the chief of them some Beads some medals some Crosses of brasse some Agnus Dei some reliques brought from Spain and to every one of the Town an Indulgence of fourty years which the Pope had granted unto us to bestow where and upon whom and as often as wee would where with we began to blind that simple people with ignorant erroneous and Popish principles As we went out of arbour to take our Mules behold the Market place was full of Indian men and

miles and enjoyneth a temperate aire a fertill soile rich mines and trades much in Ambar Sugar Ginger Hides and Wax It is reported for certaine that here in twenty daies herbes will ripen and roots also and be fit to be eaten which is a strong argument of the exact temperature of the aire It yeeldeth in nothing to Cuba but excelleth it in three things especially first in the finenesse of the gold which is here more pure and unmixed secondly in the increase of the Sugar one Sugar Cane here silling twenty and sometimes thirty measures and thirdly in the goodnesse of the soile for tillage the corne here yeelding an hundred fold This fertility is thought to be caused by four great rivers which water and enrich all the four quarters of the Island all four doe spring from one only mountaine which standeth in the very midst and center of the Country Iuna running to the East Artihinnacus to the West Iacchus to the North and Naihus to the South This Countrey is ●…o replenished with Swine and Cattell that they become wild among the woods and Mountaines so that the ships that saile by this Island and want provision goe here a shore where it is little inhabited and kill of Cattell wild swine and bores till they have made up a plentifull provision Much of this Countrey is not inhabited by reason that the Indians are quite consumed The chief places in it are first St. Domingo where there is a Spanish President and Chancery with six Judges and the other officers belonging to it and it is the Seat of an Archbishop who though hee enjoy not so much yeerly rent and revenues as other Archbishops especially they of Mexico and Lima yet hee hat●… 〈◊〉 honour above all the rest for that hee is the primate of all the India's this Island having been conquered before the other parts and so bearing antiquity above them all There are also other rich Townes of trading as Sta. Isabella S. Thome S. Iohn Maragna and Por●…o And thus hath my pen run over Sea and Land Islands and most of the Continent that is subject to the Spaniards to shew thee my Reader the state of America at this time It is called America because Americus Vespusius first discovered it though afterwards Columbus gave us the first light to discern these Countries both by example and directions Besides the factions spoken of before between the Native Spaniards and those that come from Spain there is yet further in most parts of it but especially in Peru a deadly faction and mortall hatred between the Biscains and the Spaniards of Castile and Estremadura which hath much shaken the quiet state of it and threatned it with rebellion and destruction There are in all America foure Archbishopricks which are Sto. Domingo Mexico Lima and Sta. Fee and above thirty inferiour Bishops The politick Administration of Justice is chiefly committed to the two Viceroyes residing at Lima and Mexico and with subordination unto them unto other Presidents Governours and high Justices called Alcaldes Majores except it be the President of Guatemala and of Santo Domingo who are as absolute in power as the Viceroyes and have under them Governours and high Justices and are no wayes subordinate to the former Viceroyes but onely unto the Court and Councell of Spain CHAP. XIII Shewing my journey from Mexico to Chiapa Southward and the most remarkable places in the way HAving now gone round America with a brief and superficiall description of it my desire is to shew unto my Reader what parts of it I travailed through and did abide in observing more particularly the state condition strength and Commodities of those Countries which lie Southward from Mexico It is further my desire nay the chief ground of this my History that whilst my Country doth here observe an English man become American travailing many thousand miles there as may bee noted from St. Iohn de Ulhua to Mexico and from thence Southward to Panama and from thence Northward againe to Carthagena and to Havana Gods goodnesse may bee admired and his providence extolled who suffered not the meanest and unworthiest of all his Creatures to perish in such unknowne Countries to be swalled by North or South Sea where shipwracks were often feared to bee lost in Wildernesses where no tongue could give directions to bee devoured by Wolves Lions Tigers or Crocodiles which there so much abound to fall from steepy rocks and mountaines which seeme to dwell in the aereall Region and threaten with fearefull spectacles of deep and profound precipices a horrid and inevitable death to those that climbe up to them to bee eaten up by the greedy Earth which there doth often quake and tremble and hath sometimes opened her mouth to draw in Townes and Cities to bee stricken with those fiery darts of Heaven and thunderbolts which in winter season threaten the Rockes and Cedars to bee inchanted by Satans Instruments Witches and Sorcerers who there as on their own ground play their prankes more then in the parts of Christendome to be quite blinded with Romish Errors and Superstitions which have double blinded the purblind heathenish Idolaters to bee wedded to the pleasures and licentiousnesse which doe there allure to bee glutted with the plenty and dainties of fish flesh fowles and fruits which doe there entice to bee pufled up with the spirit of pride and powerfull command and authority over the poor Indians which doth there provoke to bee tied with the Cords of vanity and ambition which there are strong and finally to be glewed in heart and affection to the dresse of gold silver Pearls and Jewels whose plenty there doth bind blind captivate and enslave the soule Oh I say let the Lords great goodnesse and wonderfull providence bee observed who suffered not an English stranger in all these dangers to miscarry but was a guide unto him there in all his travailes discovered unto him ●…o the espies in Canaan and as to Ioseph in Egypt the provision wealth and riches of that world and safely guided him back to relate to England the truth of what no other English eye did ever yet behold From the moneth of October untill February I did abide with my friends and companions the Fryers under the command of Fryer Calvo in that house of recreation called St. Iacintho and from thence injoyed the sight of all the Townes and of what else was worth the seeing about Mexico But the time I was there I was carefull to informe my self of the state of Philippinas whither my first purposes had drawne me from Spain It was my fortune to light upon a Fryer and an acquaintance of some of my friends who was that yeer newly come from Manila whither I was going who wished mee and some other of my friends as wee tendred our soules good never to goe to those parts which were but snares and trap-dores to let downe to hell where occasions and temptations to sinne were daily many in number