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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00734	The Spaniards monarchie, and Leaguers olygarchie. Layd open in an aduerisement [sic], written by Signor Vasco Figueiro a gentleman of Portingale to the rebellious French: wherein is discouered the tyrannie of the one ouer the kingdome of Portingale, and the treacherous rebellion of the other in the kingdome of France, with a patheticall persuasion to the French to returne to the obedience of their naturall and legitimate king. Englished by H.O.	Figueiro, Vasco, gentleman of Portingale.; H. O., fl. 1592.	1592 (1592)	STC 10865; ESTC S102056	35,479	50

as Homer writeth of y e prince Agamemnon Is this to be like the good housholder Is this to vanquish his will to handle those so rigorously whom he hath conquered by force of armes Surely it is farre worse then that pagan Cyrus who curteously intreated the Caldeans whom he had vanquished It were good he went to the schoole of that excellent historiographer Xenophon who teacheth this good lesson to all vsurpers Noui populi bello parti sunt beneficio afficiendi quo lubentius nobis parere velint Néedlesse it were to set before your eyes the dammages and miseries which you haue supported in these warres for the Spaniards sake you doubt not that the rich are become poore that the néedie haue spoyled other of their goods to reuest and possesse thē selues therof The poet Theognides yéeldeth the principall reason thereof when speaking of the like sedition vnto yours he saith Baiuli imperant mali super bonos I néed not to rehearse the taking of townes by the armie of your king of townes I say wherinto the souldier was constrained to enter by assault wheras you the inhabitants haue not only lost the most part of your goods but also your own honor and the honor of your ancestors who had some interest therein And verily vnworthie you are to receiue any milder chastisement albeit all be against the intentiō will and expresse commandement of the king séeing you are so hardned in your rebellion that you make all the resistance y t possible may be vntil y e soldier hauing first escaped a thousand a thousand deaths which you leuell vpon his head surmount you by violence of armes And yet which is more to be deplored few towns become sage by the misfortune of others wherin may be noted the iust vengeance of God which permitteth not long vndelayed the punishmēt due to your mischieuous offences yet do I not think that you would continue so obstinate were it not for those treacherous preachers and others who haue Hispaniolized harts like Philistides Menippus certaine other orators and partakers of Philip of Macedon amōg the Orithains for carelesse are they of all your miseries so they may satisfie the desires commandements of the Spanish king their Master who desireth nothing so much as the finall destruction of France which he litle estéemeth so he may possesse it and wold sée it wholy ruinated so he might loose nothing of his owne the more it shalbe disfurnished of power and disabled with men the more easily may he Hispaniolize ouer it knowing then that he cannot subuert it being vnited and conioyned he whetteth his wits to the end to diuide it Thus could not France be subuerted but by it self like the common wealth of the Romans of whom it is said Mole sua ruit Salust hath left written that the auncient Romans were accustomed to say y t they felt themselues strōgly enflamed with vertue when they beheld the monuments of their ancestors In imitation of these noble Romans behold ye rebellious Frenchmen the images of your ancestors their vertues laudable actiōs pourtrayed and grauen in the quiers of your histories and you shall sée that they haue alwayes combated to maintaine the libertie of France sauing in y e raigne of Charls the sixt by reason of the dissention betwéen the Dukes of Orleans Burgundie at what time they made a great breach in their ancient constancie diuiding themselues and permitting the king of England to take déep rooting in the kingdome of France which notwithstanding Charles the 7. sonne of y e forenamed wholy rooted out and all the French like men awaked out of a profound sléep which had a long time securely detained them remēbred them selues to be true and naturall Frenchmen which haue neuer at least very seldome suffred thē selues to be gouerned by forrain Princes If you be curious to search more anciently the immouable constancie of the French or Gaules it is all one you shal sée it liuely depainted for more then 1650. yeares ago in Caesars commentaries who without great trauell difficultie could neuer subiect them to the Romane Empire which maketh me promise vnto my selfe that you séeing these things wil blush for shame so entirely to degenerate from their braue courage and constancie being rather in euery thing contrary vnto them They conspired they reuolted they tooke armes they warred without fearing any kind of death And why To conserue their libertie their fréedome especially not to receiue the garrisons of the Romane Empire redoubted and commanding ouer the whole world of whom the greatest kings held them selues happy to be called the friends and confederats Briefly nothing was more odious vnto them then forraine garrisons as Ambrorix the Captains of Tournay demonstrated to Titurius and Cicero the Lieutenants of Caesar But contrariwise you league your selues you rebel you run to armes you enter into warre and expose your life to a thousand dangers Against whom Euen against your natural and legitimate king whole vertue is a thousand times more cōmended of strangers then of his owne subiects To what end To murder him as you haue done his predecessor or to chase him out of his realme that you might seruilely subiect your selues To whom To Philip a Spaniard odious for his ambition tyrannie to the whole world after to admit his garrisons will you nill you into your townes proud garrisons arrogant garrisons insolent garrisons insupportable garrisons and briefly garrisons more then barbarous who wil vse you your wiues your children goods after their own appetite you not daring to shew the least semblance to take it in euil part I speake not idlely neither do I recount fables or lies you shall not be handled more curteously then your neighbours the garrisons which shal bridle triumph ouer you shall not be compounded of lesse tyrannous and cruell soldiers then those whice presse vs so hardly y t scantly we can take our breath nay happy shall you be if it be not worse Your french soldiers which haue conuersed any time in the army of the Prince of Parma wil witnesse if so be they will tell truly that I am not a lier Yet if you desire to haue more sufficient testimony of my spéech informe your selues of the towns of Brittaine where the Spaniards haue long inough soiorned yea which is a country which the said Spaniard wold make you beléeue were appertaining to him albeit he hath no more right then to the other prouinces of France for y t king Francis the first since that king Henry his sonne vnited this dutchie by the consent of y e Estates of the countrie to the Crowne of France in such sort that it is of the essence of that Crowne which neuer falleth vnto the distaffe If you submit your towns to the tyrannie of Philip looke hardly to sée in thē by these impudēt garrisons that which we dayly sée in ours the churches profaned by a thousand filths

THE SPANIARDS MONARCHIE AND LEAGVERS OLYGARCHIE LAYD OPEN IN AN ADVERISEMENT written by Signor VASCO FIGVEIRO a Gentleman of Portingale to the rebellious French wherein is discouered the tyrannie of the one ouer the kingdome of Portingale and the treacherous rebellion of the other in the kingdome of France with a patheticall persuasion to the French to returne to the obedience of their naturall and legitimate king Englished by H. O. Praeiudicium saepè tollit omne iudicium Imprinted at London by Richard Field for Iohn Harison 1592. TO THE GENTLEMEN READERS COVRTEOVS Gentlemē to your censures I commit this labour of mine small and simple it is the first I will not say it may be the last If you accept and applaud it I am throughly animated to enter into some matter of more cōsequēce such as I know shalbe acceptable VVhat the vulgar either imagine or speake I care not for with Horace Non ego ventosae plebis suffragia venor It is no feather of fancie for that I accompt it base to fetch such light marchandise so farre as Valentia If you expect extraordinarie elegancie I answer that a Translator is bound rather to search fit words to expresse his Authors meaning then inuent words running on the letter to content ouer-curious fancies which I contemne as dictionarie method and thus much can I assure you that albeit it hath no title fetched from the Bull within bishops gate as a figge for a Spaniard yet doth it discouer so succinctly and briefly a Spanish imitatiō of Machiauellized axiomes that what other volumes at large this in a leafe doth plainly demonstrate If any obiect that this treatise serueth for french men and not appertinent to vs. I answer that their wit reacheth no further then their owne home For is not our Iland the marke that Philips ambitious humour especiaily aimeth at hath he not sent his inuincible Armada to make a conquest of our vltima insula Nay would he not repute him selfe an absolute Monarch if he might but get any interest within vs And haue not we a viperous brood of puritan Papists and reconciled Leaguers that dreame vpon a new inuasion with good foresight by this treatise they may be warned and true subiects armed VVhich successe God graunt Yours H. O. A FAITHFVL ADVERTISEMENT OF SEGNIOR VASCO FIGVEIRO A GENTLEMAN OF Portingale unto the rebellious French IF the Gréek Achamenides shewed himself so carefull for the safetie of the Troians his sworn enemies that after hauing discoursed of the horrible cruelties that the Prince Vlysses and his people had receiued by the hand and tooth of the cruel Antropophage Poliphemus he admonished them to fly with diligence from the Sicilian shore the repaire of that inhumane Cyclops It séemeth vnto me by a more forcible reason as well for the auncient alliance which our nation hath had with the French as also hauing bene disciplined in a better schoole then that of this barbareus infidell that I am obliged by the lawes both diuine and humane to demonstrate vnto you so much as in me lyeth the good affection which I beare vnto you Then Sirs being induced by this example and many other good reasons knowing by experience the tyrannicall and barbarous gouernment of Philip king of Spaine the vniust vsurper of our kingdome of Portingale And séeing you Frenchmen I speake to the ignorant and those which are gone astray are come like the Troians to the Sicilian shore to cast the anchor of your turbulent rebellions and indiscréete affections still longing for noueltie in the daungerous and vnassured port of the inexorable ambition of this Philip. My desire is to aduertise you as a good neighbour charitable friend to weigh your anchors spéedily from this port making sayle to the shore from whence you haue strayed that is to returne to the dutie of true and naturall Frenchmen which the impetuous wind of a temerarie sedition hath caused you to abandon and so to cast your selues foolishly into the hands of a forraine Prince which can not tend but to the euident ruine of your libertie For this is he who like that infamous Polyphemus which acknowledged no other God but his belly so he may féed his own insatiable ambition careth not with what garbage soeuer it be therfore maketh no conscience wickedly to violate euen the law of God it selfe Now as this miserable Achamenides made vnto the Troians a long narration of the inhumanities of Polyphemus before he exhorted them to flie that he might not séeme to amase them without iust occasion so am not I ignorant that I ought by the same example to recount in what maner Philip vsurped our realme and with what rigor he hath sithens managed his tyrannicall gouernment lest I should be thought to build my discourse vpon the wind and induce you to auoyd shipwracke without yéelding example or pertinent reason I could spend the time in recounting particularities were it not that they are so manifest to the world that it were but lost labour to rehearse them Notwithstanding to satisfie those which for curst heart will yet stand in doubt I will speake a word or two and so away It is knowne vnto all men that the king Henrie who before was Cardinall the predecessor of Don Anthonio our naturall and legitimate king in the assemblie of the estates of his realme established fiue gouernors for y e administration of y e said Realme after his death vntill Don Anthonio made manifest the right which he pretended to the crowne ordaining that the other competitors should not in the mean time attempt any thing vpon the said Realme vpon paine of repelling their pretensions But while these things were in doing Philip hauing corrupted by rewards and promises thrée of the said gouernours and manie of the nobilitie directly contrarie to this ordinaunce of the sayd Henrie and the states entred the said Realme by force of armes and seased him selfe of some especiall places Which the people and states perceiuing without any delay because periculū erat in meum acknowledged incontinently Don Anthonio for their soueraigne beséeching and vrgently pressing him to take vpon him the title and qualitie of king which after many refusals he condiscended vnto In such sort that he was established king with all the solemnities thereunto required and sithens being assisted by part of his good subiects he came in battell against the said Philip vnto whom the fortune of warre gaue the victorie in such sort that our said Don Anthonio was forced hauing escaped infinite dangers of death by the ambushes which were layd for him by the tyranny of Philip to retire him selfe into France and afterward into England The said Philip being come to the top of this tyrannous vsurpation hath pardoned neither great nor litle neither anie sexe or qualitie that he knewe had bene or might hereafter oppose them selues to his tyrannie The Princes Lords Gentlemen gouernours captaines officers Ladies both the secular and regular the priests

nothing but by her mouth like a good scholler that Fortune had put in her hands to mount the more easily whether she aspired made shew to wish nothing more then the conuocation of the estates meane while letting not slippe an houre vnimployed either in resolliciting her old partakers or purchasing new but especially watching that none might be at this assembly but those whom she knew to be of her partie whom shée instructed from point to point what they had to do Whilest y e Prouinces were assembling to prepare their Articles she suffered not the time to passe vnprofitably giuing aduise to her partarkers in those things which were necessarie for their Articles to some to besiege Boulogne to others to beleager and batter Iamets and to others to possesse themselues of the Marqueship of Saluce yet not forgetting to aduertise her Master what she had happely negociated as also the good estate of the affaires which she then managed requiring him with all spéede to imbarke that puissant army which he had so long equipped to that end whether to vsurpe England or to visite France in forme of an Ambassage whereby to make proofe of her good affection and to encourage her reuolt against her king but either the one or the other might haue bene preiudiciall to the French king if the issue had fitted their expectation but God by his grace myraculously ouerturned it for this great Armada which was termed inuincible was broken defeated and dissipated beyonde all humaine expectation by the valiauncie and magnanimitie of the fléete which the Quéene of England had sent forth to defend the coastes of her realme Albeit the defeating of this Armada somewhat vexed the Spanyards and not without cause for that it clipped the wings of their other enterprises notwithstanding the League was not any whit dismayed but pursued more hotly her affaires as willing to repaire this ruine by double diligence And indéede shée effected so farre with the king that he solemnely sware and protested to vnite himselfe with her and hereafter to be solely ordered by her counsell so that the king was so blinded that he sware the destruction of himselfe and the extirpation of his by an Edict ensuing named for this cause the Edict of reunion The time being come where the estates ought to assēble their Deputies showed themselues at Bloys where the assignation was giuen Then was question made in this assemblie that the king and his France or rather the League should giue vnderstāding of their affaires to those which were called to determine thereof For this part of France had alreadie retired their affection from their naturall king to yéeld it to the king of Spains yea from their owne children and heires to commit it to the said Spaniards in such manner did they effect that the kings established a foundamentall law of his kingdom whereby no heretike or fauourer of heresie might euer come to the Crowne In this sort excluding the king of Nauarre whom the League held for an hereticke and the residue of the house of Bourbon his cousins except some few from their naturall and legitimat right to the Crowne of France Thus the League not onely depriuing him but also employing all their might to root them out by force of armes Briefly the French League might not abide the sight of her owne children but hated them with a most mortall hate So that hauing giuen away her soule from her owne king like an vniust stepmother she disherited her legitimat children to inuest bastards or straungers in their fathers heritage And which is more she is not contēted to haue drawen away this great corner stone from the foundations of the kings estate for in stéede of adding another good foundation for this vniust law she haled away one of the best to the end to ouerthrow it as may be séen in that she bound his hands in the administration of his Realme yea euen to the taking away of those few which remained of his most faithfull auncient and domesticall seruants placing in their stéed those whom she thought most affectionat towards her Thus was this good Prince depriued of his legitimat successours fallen in a manner frō his dignitie diminished of his puissance abandoned of his most faithfull and loyall seruants What resteth now therefore for vnfaithfull France but to cast herselfe betwéene the armes of her good friend the Spaniard the king so timerous that he dare not hinder her and albeit he durst all his meanes are remoued hauing not one onely heire nor one or at least few seruants that either would or could aide him to retaine her Furthermore she hath bin so shamelesse as to enterprise vpon the life of the king for that being vtterly impatient and transported with a foolish affection she sought all meanes to rid him away so that treading vnder feete the feare of God and shame of men she resolued vpon his death what euer came of it She néeded not greatly trouble her selfe to séeke one to execute her mischieuous will a thousand are readie to enterprise it euen to the perill of their life Albeit among so great a nūber she discouered her selfe but onely to one whom she especially loued put most affiance in who was a hundreth times more readie to obey then she to commaunde Yea such a one as most inflamed her to practise vpon the enterprise Behold then this good Prince ordained by this French League to a miserable death and who must be the bloudie parricide but the Duke of Guise onely the execution thereof remained which had not bin long delayed had it not bin for the prouidence mercy of our God who as he hath a care especially ouer the person of kings Rex venerādus curae est Deo saith the Poet manifested vnto the king this bloudy conspiracie giuing him meanes by the aide of some of his faithfull seruants which yet remained to preuent the traiterous murtherer parricide who had vowed to take away his life or at least his libertie And thus was he taken in the nett which he had spread for others yea the hand of the Lord stretched euen vpon the Cardinall his brother a man of the same stampe But surely they had the reward which they had rightly deserued wherewith Hermeas was payed by the king Antiochus As also accustomablie it happeneth that Nimium potētes regibus suis formidofi proceres aut auditi miserum tragicum tādem vitae exitum ab ipsismet regibus à quibus se formidari metui voluerunt consequuntur If France at the fall of this man were meruailously moued much more were the League and Phillip Hauing lost the best feather of their wing and the strongest piller which supported their attempts Now France seing that her floud was discouered knew neither what countenance to make nor what way to take whether to entreate pardon of the king whom she had so detestably offended or following on with her mischieuous resolution