inscription_n we_o fly_v from_o the_o 4._o face_n of_o joshua_n the_o son_n of_o nave_n the_o robber_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o those_o day_n the_o phoenician_n begin_v to_o frequent_v those_o part_n and_o although_o the_o greek_n do_v attribute_v these_o voyage_n to_o their_o hercules_n yet_o the_o temple_n upon_o the_o straits_n dedicate_v to_o that_o god_n manifest_o prove_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o phoenician_n for_o he_o be_v worship_v according_a to_o the_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o phoenician_n and_o not_o grecian_n the_o temple_n be_v say_v to_o be_v build_v by_o the_o tyrian_n and_o magnificent_a sacrifice_n perform_v to_o he_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o nation_n strabo_n be_v particular_a upon_o what_o ground_n philostratus_n it_o be_v build_v and_o the_o occasion_n which_o move_v the_o tyrian_n to_o the_o work_n all_o which_o may_v be_v read_v in_o that_o author_n but_o to_o return_v to_o hercules_n leave_v his_o own_o country_n and_o be_v attend_v with_o a_o multitude_n who_o be_v force_v to_o the_o same_o necessity_n he_o coast_v about_o spain_n and_o alii_fw-la africa_n and_o by_o the_o care_n and_o diligence_n of_o his_o follower_n he_o build_v many_o town_n and_o city_n conquer_a all_o iberia_n and_o those_o western_a tract_n be_v say_v at_o last_o to_o come_v into_o gaul_n and_o there_o build_v alesia_n and_o nemausus_n in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o ligurian_n and_o their_o two_o leader_n bergion_n and_o albion_n or_o as_o other_o say_v alebion_n and_o dercynus_n when_o he_o have_v no_o other_o weapon_n leave_v he_o they_o feign_v it_o rain_v stone_n from_o heaven_n in_o his_o favour_n and_o that_o all_o the_o field_n be_v cover_v with_o they_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o fable_n be_v the_o multitude_n of_o stone_n lie_v scatter_v between_o arelate_n and_o massilia_n which_o to_o this_o day_n be_v call_v la_n crave_v he_o be_v say_v also_o to_o have_v pass_v the_o alps_n but_o this_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o livy_n as_o a_o fable_n also_o for_o the_o truth_n be_v it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o his_o occasion_n will_v permit_v he_o to_o make_v too_o great_a inroad_n into_o the_o continent_n but_o by_o far_o likely_a that_o he_o content_v himself_o with_o possess_v the_o seacoast_n the_o port_n and_o havens_n of_o those_o country_n to_o which_o he_o arrive_v in_o liguria_n there_o be_v a_o haven_n that_o bear_v his_o name_n at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o monaco_n and_o be_v ancient_o call_v herculis_n monaeci_n portus_n the_o haven_n of_o hercules_n monaecus_fw-la at_o his_o first_o land_v the_o ligurian_n oppose_v he_o and_o of_o this_o fight_v not_o only_o the_o poet_n and_o historian_n make_v mention_n but_o the_o astronomer_n also_o and_o they_o do_v not_o only_o mention_v it_o but_o add_v that_o the_o remembrance_n of_o it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o heaven_n in_o the_o sign_n which_o firmicus_n call_v ingeniculum_n or_o the_o bend_n of_o the_o knee_n for_o by_o weariness_n in_o the_o fight_n hercules_n it_o seem_v be_v reduce_v to_o that_o posture_n and_o so_o place_v in_o the_o heaven_n firmicus_n hitherto_o i_o have_v attend_v hercules_n in_o his_o voyage_n within_o the_o straits_n i_o shall_v now_o follow_v he_o into_o the_o western_a sea_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o marcellinus_n timagine_v who_o recite_v timagine_v for_o his_o author_n viz._n that_o the_o dorienses_n follow_v the_o ancient_n hercules_n to_o inhabit_v the_o seacoast_n of_o gaul_n lie_v upon_o the_o ocean_n let_v we_o see_v now_o by_o what_o circumstance_n marcellinus_n write_v this_o voyage_n of_o hercules_n that_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o may_v more_o evident_o appear_v first_o he_o complain_v of_o all_o former_a writer_n timagine_v only_o except_v namely_o that_o in_o their_o history_n of_o gaul_n they_o have_v deliver_v down_o thing_n by_o half_n only_o and_o so_o have_v give_v the_o world_n a_o very_a slender_a or_o little_a or_o no_o account_n of_o the_o original_a of_o that_o country_n second_o he_o applaud_v timagine_v for_o his_o diligence_n in_o search_v out_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v unknown_a to_o other_o author_n and_o that_o he_o do_v it_o out_o of_o many_o record_n three_o and_o last_o he_o promise_v out_o of_o timagine_v to_o report_v the_o truth_n clear_o and_o distinct_o now_o these_o record_n that_o this_o timagine_v search_v into_o be_v in_o all_o probability_n phoenician_n or_o syrian_n and_o for_o that_o very_a reason_n unknown_a to_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n for_o this_o timagine_v as_o bochartus_n prove_v be_v a_o syrian_a and_o so_o understand_v their_o language_n and_o plutarch_n plutarch_n report_v that_o he_o write_v a_o history_n of_o gaul_n by_o the_o authority_n therefore_o of_o this_o timagine_v we_o find_v that_o this_o hercules_n with_o his_o dorienses_n '_o possess_v the_o sea-coast_n of_o that_o nation_n that_o lie_v upon_o this_o western_a ocean_n that_o this_o hercules_n be_v the_o phoenician_n no_o doubt_n be_v to_o be_v make_v see_v he_o be_v call_v the_o ancient_n and_o that_o the_o dorienses_n his_o attendant_n receive_v their_o name_n from_o he_o as_o i_o have_v in_o another_o place_n evidence_v viz._n from_o dora_n a_o city_n in_o phoenicia_n and_o not_o from_o the_o grecian_n see_v that_o hercules_n arrive_v into_o those_o sea_n why_o may_v he_o not_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o britain_n also_o pliny_n write_v that_o midacritus_n first_o bring_v tynn_n into_o greece_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v that_o metal_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o cassiterides_n bist_fw-ge long_o before_o any_o greek_a have_v enter_v the_o western_a sea_n this_o very_a thing_n induce_v bochartus_n to_o think_v that_o for_o midacritus_n melicarthus_fw-la shall_v be_v read_v and_o that_o this_o hercules_n first_o of_o all_o show_v the_o phoenician_n those_o mine_n which_o afterward_o prove_v so_o profitable_a to_o that_o nation_n as_o upon_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o belgium_n there_o be_v a_o altar_n inscribe_v to_o hercules_n so_o in_o devonshire_n a_o country_n abound_v in_o tynn_n there_o be_v a_o promontory_n call_v by_o his_o name_n which_o to_o this_o day_n retain_v something_o in_o two_o little_a town_n hartlow_n or_o hertland_n alias_o herton_n as_o also_o in_o the_o promontory_n itself_o call_v herty-point_n add_v to_o this_o the_o opinion_n the_o ancient_n have_v concern_v the_o elysian_a field_n how_o they_o be_v suppose_v as_o i_o have_v write_v in_o another_o place_n to_o be_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o britain_n or_o at_o least_o in_o the_o western_a ocean_n as_o likewise_o the_o story_n of_o isacius_n tzetzes_n a_o author_n of_o no_o small_a credit_n with_o mr._n cambden_n concern_v julius_n caesar_n which_o story_n though_o it_o be_v a_o fable_n yet_o it_o show_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n namely_o that_o caesar_n be_v carry_v by_o i_o know_v not_o what_o spirit_n from_o gaul_n into_o a_o western_a island_n inhabit_v by_o ghost_n only_o and_o by_o the_o same_o bring_v back_o again_o we_o have_v little_a reason_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o hercules_n his_o descent_n into_o hell_n may_v be_v ground_v upon_o his_o navigation_n into_o these_o part_n after_o his_o death_n he_o be_v worship_v as_o a_o god_n in_o all_o nation_n in_o some_o place_n young_a youth_n be_v sacrifice_v before_o he_o and_o no_o woman_n admit_v into_o his_o temple_n his_o bone_n be_v preserve_v in_o his_o temple_n upon_o the_o straits_n and_o divine_a honour_n perform_v to_o they_o although_o the_o main_a part_n of_o his_o worship_n be_v phoenician_n yet_o the_o greek_n intrude_v also_o hang_v up_o several_a trophy_n of_o their_o own_o invention_n he_o be_v place_v upon_o a_o stone_n altar_n a_o hydra_n on_o one_o side_n and_o diomedes_z his_o horse_n on_o the_o other_o in_o memory_n of_o those_o two_o monster_n destroy_v by_o he_o he_o be_v worship_v in_o gaul_n and_o britain_n under_o the_o name_n of_o ogmius_n and_o possible_o from_o the_o phoenician_n lucian_n og_n signify_v the_o compass_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o especial_o the_o western_a ocean_n which_o ocean_n hercules_n be_v the_o first_o that_o discover_v it_o from_o this_o og_n the_o grecian_n have_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v the_o same_o thing_n bochartus_fw-la be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v derive_v bochartus_fw-la from_o agemion_n signify_v a_o stranger_n and_o forreigner_n but_o i_o scarce_o believe_v the_o britain_n or_o gaul_n will_v borrow_v a_o phoenician_n word_n to_o revile_v one_o of_o their_o own_o nation_n this_o ogmius_n be_v represent_v as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o forego_n figure_n a_o old_a and_o decrepit_a man_n bald_a pated_a his_o hair_n white_a a_o wrinkle_a skin_n and_o sunburn_a lucian_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o old_a seaman_n a_o globe_n in_o one_o hand_n with_o a_o compass_n in_o
africa_n even_o to_o carthage_n and_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n that_o egypt_n a_o place_n of_o great_a fertility_n without_o any_o question_n be_v much_o frequent_v by_o they_o we_o read_v in_o herodotus_n that_o the_o egyptian_n do_v make_v a_o sort_n of_o drink_n with_o barley_n and_o the_o invention_n of_o it_o be_v very_o ancient_a in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o particular_n thereof_o herodotus_n he_o describe_v now_o why_o may_v not_o this_o custom_n be_v think_v to_o come_v from_o they_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o phoenician_n who_o find_v britain_n very_o fruitful_a in_o that_o grain_n and_o not_o inferior_a to_o egypt_n itself_o in_o the_o wonderful_a production_n of_o it_o for_o as_o egypt_n be_v esteem_v the_o granary_n of_o those_o part_n so_o be_v britain_n of_o these_o yea_o as_o orpheus_n call_v it_o the_o very_a orpheus_n seat_n of_o the_o lady_n ceres_n so_o that_o the_o usefulness_n of_o this_o invention_n of_o the_o egyptian_n who_o abound_v in_o corn_n be_v not_o less_o to_o the_o britain_n this_o drink_n which_o we_o call_v ale_n by_o the_o britain_n at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v kwrw_n by_o the_o gaul_n korma_n so_o athenaeus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v correct_v by_o causabon_n out_o marcellus_n of_o manuscript_n as_o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o dioscorides_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o marcellus_n curmi_n dioscorides_n name_v it_o not_o wrong_v see_v marcellus_n and_o athenaeus_n agree_v with_o he_o for_o although_o at_o this_o day_n the_o word_n be_v deprave_v into_o kwrw_n by_o our_o welch_a britain_n yet_o no_o doubt_n ancient_o and_o primitive_o it_o be_v call_v corma_n cormi_fw-la or_o curmi_n or_o else_o something_o like_o it_o by_o transpose_v of_o the_o r_o and_o m_o make_v comra_n for_o corma_n we_o have_v the_o very_a phoenician_n word_n of_o this_o liquor_n which_o the_o britain_n drink_v instead_o of_o wine_n if_o any_o shall_v say_v that_o chomra_n in_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n signify_v wine_n and_o not_o ale_n let_v they_o consider_v that_o at_o this_o day_n we_o give_v that_o name_n of_o wine_n to_o drink_v not_o produce_v of_o the_o grape_n and_o see_v the_o britain_n use_v it_o instead_o of_o wine_n no_o doubt_n as_o bochartus_n say_v they_o give_v it_o the_o same_o appellation_n now_o see_v this_o custom_n be_v use_v only_o in_o britain_n and_o the_o part_n adjacent_a have_v bochartus_fw-la plenty_n of_o that_o grain_n and_o in_o respect_n we_o read_v of_o no_o other_o nation_n but_o the_o egyptian_a that_o use_v it_o since_o the_o phoenician_n be_v frequent_a in_o egypt_n and_o trade_a also_o into_o these_o island_n and_o more_o especial_o since_o the_o name_n of_o this_o rwrw_n or_o curmi_n be_v phoenician_n we_o have_v not_o the_o least_o cause_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o original_n of_o this_o custom_n but_o that_o the_o britain_n receive_v it_o from_o this_o fountain_n pliny_n write_v of_o the_o britain_n that_o in_o some_o solemn_a feast_n and_o sacrifice_n they_o colour_v bist_fw-ge themselves_o like_a aethiopian_o all_o over_o their_o body_n be_v naked_a at_o the_o solemnity_n whence_o can_v the_o britain_n have_v this_o custom_n if_o not_o from_o the_o same_o original_a as_o in_o egypt_n so_o in_o britain_n as_o gildas_n say_v ugly_a spectre_n mere_o diabolical_a nay_o in_o the_o number_n of_o they_o britain_n as_o he_o report_v rather_o exceed_v egypt_n these_o they_o place_v upon_o their_o wall_n within_o and_o without_o and_o as_o they_o cut_v they_o in_o the_o same_o shape_n as_o the_o britain_n do_v so_o i_o suppose_v by_o the_o like_o place_v they_o they_o esteem_v they_o of_o a_o talismanicall_a nature_n to_o expel_v mischief_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o wall_n some_o of_o these_o representation_n be_v remain_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o city_n to_o gildas_n his_o day_n who_o describe_v they_o to_o have_v ugly_a lineament_n with_o stern_a and_o grim_a look_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o of_o egypt_n perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v monkey_n or_o gildas_n baboon_n creature_n much_o worship_v in_o those_o country_n but_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o more_o full_o in_o the_o chapter_n which_o concern_v the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o britain_n to_o the_o same_o original_a may_v be_v reduce_v the_o great_a opinion_n the_o britain_n have_v of_o the_o art_n magic_a which_o by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n be_v call_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o egyptians_n pliny_n say_v the_o britain_n be_v so_o whole_o devote_v to_o it_o and_o have_v such_o entire_a ceremony_n in_o the_o performance_n as_o a_o man_n will_v imagine_v that_o the_o persian_n learn_v all_o their_o bist_fw-ge magic_n from_o they_o which_o flourish_n of_o pliny_n i_o conjecture_v give_v occasion_n to_o annius_n viterbiensis_n in_o his_o seigned_a berosus_n to_o make_v magus_n a_o king_n of_o this_o island_n who_o teach_v viter_fw-la this_o art_n and_o spread_v it_o abroad_o in_o the_o world_n upon_o such_o slender_a foundation_n do_v confident_a man_n ground_n their_o own_o idle_a and_o ridiculous_a invention_n and_o these_o very_a custom_n the_o britain_n learn_v of_o the_o phoenician_n mr._n selden_n set_v down_o a_o british_a custom_n namely_o that_o when_o any_o great_a man_n die_v his_o relation_n make_v great_a enquiry_n of_o his_o wife_n if_o they_o suspect_v cause_n concern_v selden_n his_o death_n if_o they_o find_v they_o guilty_a with_o fire_n and_o other_o torment_n they_o proceed_v against_o they_o sr._n edward_n cook_n refer_v to_o this_o original_a the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o burn_a woman_n that_o kill_v their_o husband_n etc._n etc._n the_o britain_n as_o caesar_n report_v do_v not_o esteem_v it_o lawful_a to_o eat_v either_o hare_n hen_n or_o com._n goose_n but_o keep_v they_o for_o pleasure_n and_o their_o delicate_a diet_n as_o pliny_n say_v be_v the_o bist_fw-ge chenerote_n fowl_n less_o than_o wild_a goose_n which_o some_o have_v make_v to_o be_v braut_n or_o soland_n goose_n so_o that_o caesar_n and_o pliny_n do_v after_o this_o account_n disagree_v in_o their_o relation_n unless_o we_o believe_v that_o the_o britain_n have_v leave_v off_o this_o custom_n not_o long_o after_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o this_o island_n however_o this_o distinction_n of_o meat_n their_o make_v some_o lawful_a other_o unlawful_a some_o clean_a and_o other_o unclean_a mr._n selden_n say_v relish_v something_o of_o the_o jew_n and_o be_v rare_o observe_v in_o any_o but_o eastern_a nation_n as_o phoenicia_n egypt_n and_o syria_n etc._n etc._n with_o who_o the_o jew_n converse_v with_o the_o syrian_n the_o britain_n agree_v in_o that_o custom_n in_o not_o eat_v of_o fish_n but_o see_v this_o be_v by_o dio_n nicaeus_n only_o report_v of_o the_o northern_a britain_n and_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o diet_n do_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o age_n it_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o exact_a account_n nicaeus_fw-la can_v be_v give_v of_o it_o their_o usual_a diet_n be_v of_o any_o sort_n of_o prey_n as_o venison_n fruit_n and_o milk_n but_o they_o strabo_n have_v not_o learn_v to_o make_v cheese_n of_o it_o they_o enure_v themselves_o to_o hardness_n so_o as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v any_o cold_a hunger_n and_o labour_n whatever_o dio_fw-mi nicaeus_fw-la report_n of_o they_o that_o they_o will_v stick_v themselves_o in_o bog_n up_o to_o the_o head_n and_o there_o continue_v many_o day_n together_o without_o any_o sustenance_n and_o upon_o occasion_n nicaeus_fw-la retire_v and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o wood_n they_o feed_v on_o the_o bark_n and_o root_n of_o tree_n as_o the_o indian_n at_o this_o day_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v but_o i_o can_v imagine_v what_o meat_n that_o shall_v be_v which_o dio_n say_v they_o preserve_v on_o all_o occasion_n whereof_o if_o they_o eat_v but_o the_o quantity_n of_o a_o bean_n it_o satisfy_v their_o hunger_n and_o thirst_n dio_fw-mi siculus_n report_v sic._n in_o general_a that_o the_o food_n they_o eat_v be_v simple_a not_o dainty_a according_a to_o the_o luxury_n of_o rich_a nation_n likewise_o that_o they_o how_v their_o corn_n and_o bring_v it_o in_o by_o sheaf_n but_o never_o thresh_v out_o more_o than_o what_o serve_v their_o present_a occasion_n which_o be_v a_o perfect_a sign_n that_o they_o do_v till_o their_o ground_n pliny_n say_v they_o do_v manure_v they_o hist._n with_o marle_n dio_fw-mi nicaeus_n write_v of_o the_o northern_a britain_n that_o they_o till_v no_o ground_n and_o strabo_n say_v that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a not_o only_o in_o gardn_v and_o plant_v of_o orchard_n but_o in_o all_o other_o part_n of_o husbandry_n thus_o what_o dio_fw-mi nicaeus_n say_v of_o the_o northern_a britain_n only_a and_o strabo_n of_o a_o few_o of_o they_o mr._n speed_n confound_v the_o whole_a nation_n make_v diodorus_n siculus_n and_o pliny_n to_o chron._n
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be_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v himself_o the_o conduit_n to_o coveigh_v they_o to_o his_o people_n neither_o be_v this_o king_n less_o celebrate_v for_o his_o exceed_a charity_n and_o pity_n to_o the_o poor_a feed_v they_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n at_o the_o gate_n and_o often_o distribute_v the_o plate_n itself_o among_o they_o for_o which_o it_o be_v say_v that_o aidan_n be_v once_o present_a take_v the_o king_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n thus_o say_v or_o prophesy_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o hand_n shall_v parish_n which_o have_v so_o often_o sustain_v other_o which_o report_n go_v after_o his_o death_n be_v fulfil_v for_o that_o hand_n remain_v uncorrupted_a be_v afterward_o shrine_v in_o silver_n and_o preserve_v entire_a in_o st._n peter_n church_n in_o bebba_n now_o bamborow_n thus_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n and_o the_o good_a endeavour_n of_o king_n oswald_n enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o peace_n during_o which_o time_n 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his_o body_n be_v bury_v at_o bradney_n in_o lincoinshire_n by_o his_o wife_n kinburg_n daughter_n of_o kingil_n he_o have_v a_o son_n name_v ethelwald_n who_o be_v leave_v young_a be_v put_v by_o the_o kingdom_n by_o his_o base_a uncle_n oswy_n but_o he_o continual_o give_v he_o trouble_v in_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o and_o obtain_v last_o a_o principality_n in_o derra_n which_o he_o hold_v by_o force_n after_o that_o oswy_a have_v slay_v oswyn_n the_o nephew_n of_o edwin_n who_o for_o seven_o year_n have_v hold_v it_o oswy_n oswy_a the_o base_a son_n of_o edilfrid_n the_o wild_a after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v exceed_o 642._o turmoil_v with_o the_o continual_a incursion_n of_o penda_n the_o rebellion_n of_o his_o base_a son_n alkfrid_n and_o the_o opposition_n of_o ethelwald_n son_n of_o edwin_n and_o rightful_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o his_o great_a eyesore_n be_v oswyn_n the_o son_n of_o 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