others till at last Stephen Gardiner finding who were their Benefactors threatned he would in a short time make them eat their Fingers ends for hunger and it was sore against his will that he proved a false Prophet for he clapt up so many of their Benefactors in England that after this there came but a small if any Supply out of England to them But then Christopher Prince of Wittenberg and the Senators of Zurick and the foreign Divines were so kind to them that they had still a tolerable Subsistence and Mr. Jewel stood in need of the less because he lived with Peter Martyr till his return into England SO saith Mr. Humfrey in his Life but it is apparent by the first lines of his Epistle to Seignior Scipio that he studied some time at Padua and there being no mention of his travelling at any time before his exile nor indeed any possibility of it I suppose that whilst he was thus with Peter Martyr at Zurick he made a step over the Alpes to Padua which was not very distant and there studied some time and contracted his acquaintance with the said Venetian Gentleman for this Journey is no where mentioned by any other Author that I have seen and I can find no time so likely for it as now DURING all the time of his exile which was about four years he studied very hard and spent the rest of his time in consolating and confirming his Brethren for he would frequently tell them that when their Brethren indured such bitter Tortures and horrible Martyrdoms at home it was not reasonable they should expect to fare deliciously in Banishment concluding always Haec non du rabunt aetatem These things will not last an Age Which he repeated so very often and with so great an assurance of mind that it would be so that many believed it before it came to pass and more took it for a Prophetick Sentence afterwards When the English left their Native Country they were all of a piece bu◠some of them going to Geneva an other places which had imbrace the model of Reformation settle by Calvin they became fond 〈◊〉 these foreign Novelties and som◠of them at Franckford in the yea◠1554. began an alteration of th◠Liturgy and did what they could to dra◠others to them and to these men Knox th◠great Intendiary of Scotland afterwards joyned himself and not long after one Whitehead a zealous Calvinist but of a much better temper than Knox. Not contented with this alteration the fifteenth of November 1554. they writ Letters in open defiance of the English Liturgy to them of Zurick who defended it in a Letter of the 28 th of the same month Grindal and Chambers were sent from Strasburgh to Frankford to quiet these Innovators but to no purpose so returning back again the English at Strasburgh wrote to them the thirteenth of December all which procured no other regard from them but only to obtain Calvin's judgment of it which being suitable to their own as there was no wonder it should things continued thus till the thirteenth of March following when Dr. Richard Cox entered Frankford drove Knox out and resettled the Liturgy there Whereupon in the end of August following Fox with some few others went to Basil but the main body followed Knox and Goodman to Geneva their Mother City as Dr. Heylyn stiles it where they made choice of Knox and Goodman for their constant Preachers under which Ministry they rejected the whole Frame and Fabrick of the Reformation made in England in King Edward's time and conformed themselves wholly to the fashions of the Church of Geneva c. Thus far Dr. Heylyn Mr. Jewel being then at Zurick used his utmost endeavour to reclaim these men and put a stop to this rising Schism Exhorting them as Brethren to lay aside all strife and emulation especially about such small matters least thereby they should greatly offend the minds of all good men which thing he said they ought to have a principal care of And doubtless this good man thought that their gratitude to God for restoring them to their Native Country under the auspicious Reign of Queen Elizabeth of Blessed Memory had for ever put an end to this dispute and he seems to speak as much in his Apology for the Church of England but within a few years this fury broke loose again and just about the time of Jewel's death became more trouble some than ever before and just about an hundred years after its rise by a dismal Rebellion overturn'd at once the Church and Monarchy of Great Britain BUT to return to Mr. Jewel and our Exiles the seventeenth of November 1558. God remembred the distressed State of the Church of England and put an end to her Sufferings by removing that Bigotted Lady the news of which flying speedily to our Exiles they hasted into England again to congratulate the Succession of Queen Elizabeth of ever Blessed Memory HIS good Benefactor and Tutor Mr. Parkhurst upon the arrival of this news made him a visit in Germany but fearing Mr. Jewel had not chosen the safest way for his return to England left him and went another way which seeming more safe in the end proved otherwise Mr. Jewel arriving safely in England with what he had whilst the other was robbed by the way and so at his landing in England Mr. Jewel who was here before him very gratefully relieved his great Benefactor THE time of Mr. Jewel's arrival in England is no where expressed that I can find but he being then at Zurick in all probability was for that cause none of the first that returned so that when he came back he had the comfort to find all things well disposed for the reception of the Reformation for the Queen had by a Proclamation of the thirtieth of December 1558. ordered that no man of what quality soever he were should presume to alter any thing in the State of Religion or innovate in any of the Rites and Ceremonies thereunto belonging c. until some further order should be taken therein Only it was permitted and with all required that the Litany the Lords-Prayer the Creed and the Ten Commandments should be said in the English Tongue and that the Epistle and Gospel should be read in English at the time of the High Mass which was done saith Dr. Heylyn in all the Churches of London on the next Sunday after being New-Years-day and by degrees in all the other Churches of the Kingdom Further than this she thought it not convenient to proceed at the present only she prohibited the Elevation of the Sacrament at the Altar of the Chappel Royal Which was likewise forborn in all other Churches and she set at liberty all that had been imprisoned for Religion in her Sisters time and ordered the Liturgy to be revised with great care and that a Parliament should be summoned to sit at West-minster the 25th of January 1559.
horrible Crimes as Schism and Rebellion only on pretence to avoid that Popery that Superstition that was only in their own Fancies and Prejudices How can one and the same Church be persecuted justly for being too much and too little Reformed Why have you separated from her Liturgy and Rites who pretend to imbrace her Doctrines Or if you must needs separate why yet should you imbrue your hands in the Blood of your Soveraign and fellow Subjects on that account Supposing you were in the right this would not justifie you Christ never propagated his Church by Blood and Treason but by Sufferings and Obedience The truth is this Church hath been persecuted because she alone of all the Churches in Europe has had the Blessing and singular Favour of God to reform with Prudence Moderation and an exact and regular Conduct after great and wise Deliberations by the consent of our Bishops Convocations States and Princes without Tumults or hasty Counsels and accordingly here was nothing changed but upon good Advice after the most irresistable Conviction that it was contrary to the Word of God the Sentiments of the Holy Fathers and Councils and the Practice of the truly Primitive and Apostolical Church So that the Papists themselves do even envy our Primitive Doctrine Government and Discipline and both fear and hate us more than any other of the Reformed Churches I could be contented said a great Man of that Perswasion there were no Priests i. e. Popish Priess in England so there were no Bishops there This and our excellent Liturgy our decent Ceremonies and our excellent order moves their envy they are the same things that have raised the Spleens and Animosities of the other side with whom whatever is older than Zuinglius and Calvin is presently Popery and must be destroyed Tell them that Episcopacy was settled in all Churches in the days of the very Apostles and by them and they reply the Mystery of Iniquity began then to work intimating if not affirming that this Holy Order was a part of it So that they will rather traduce these Holy Men who sacrificed their Bloods for Jesus Christ and his Church of Pride Ambition and a too great Love of Rule than allow the Establishments of our Church Nay they will rather root out the Monarchy because supported by and upholding Episcopacy than shew any the least Reverence to the Church in obedience to our Laws and Princes So that leaving these implacable self-condemned Enemies give me leave O ye Loyal and Religious Sons of this Holy and ever persecuted Church to make my last Address and Application to you You see by whom the Church has been ever persecuted you see the reason of it you cannot but know also what she has suffered on both sides you have read the one and your Eyes have seen the other rouse up then and take effectual care of this innocent this persecuted Spouse of Christ Stretch out your hands to Heaven by humble and fervent Prayers and implore the Assistance of the most Holy God for her safety and Protection against all her Enemies Let the Virtue Piety and Holiness of your Lives assure the World that you profess this Holy Religion in good earnest and that you do not dissemble either with God or Man in it but are sincere and resolved to live and dye in this profession Put those Laws we now have in execution duly and regularly and with Discretion and Mercy not out of Bitterness and Passion but out of Conscience and a true fear of God and care of his Church that all the World may see it is nothing but a sense of your Duties and a Zeal for God that makes you active and prudently severe And as far as you shall have opportunity take further care by new Laws to secure this great and inestimable Blessing to your Posterity and the Generations to come that they may rise up and bless God for you and remember your names with Eulogies and Honour for ever And if any thing in these Papers may in any degree be serviceable to and promote these good ends I shall for ever be thankful to God and Man for the Favour THE LIFE OF THE Right Reverend Father in God DR JOHN JEWEL Lord Bishop of SARISBURY THO Truth and Reason may justly claim the Priviledge of a kind reception whoever brings them yet such is the Nature of Mankind that the Face of a Stranger is ever surveyed with a little more than ordinary Attention as if Men thought generally that in it were the most lively Characters of what they seek to know the Soul and Temper of a Man now because this is not to be expected at the first sight in Books where yet it is most eagerly desired Men have attempted to supply that defect with Pictures and which affords much more satisfaction by premising the Lives and Characters of the Authors which gives the Reader a truer and more lasting Idea of Men than it is possible for Pensils and Colours to attain to The Author of the ensuing Tracts ought to be so well known to all English men that his Name alone should have given a sufficient Commendation to any thing that can claim a descent from him But it being now above an hundred years since his death and his Works which were for a long time chained up in all Churches being now superannuated or neglected it may not be an unseasonable piece of Service to the Church to revive the Memory of this great Man the stout and invincible Champion of the Church of England who losing the opportunity of sacrificing his Life for her in the Reign of Queen Mary did it with more advantage to us and pains to himself under her glorious Successor when he so freely spent himself in her Service that having wasted his thin Body by excessive Labour and Study he died young but full of good Works and Glory He was born the 24 th of May in the year of our Lord 1522. at Buden in the Parish of Berinber in the County of Devon and tho a younger Brother yet inherited his Fathers Name His Mother was a Bellamie and he had so great an esteem for it and her that he engraved it on his Signet and had it always imprinted in his heart a lasting Testimony both of her Virtue and kindness to him His Father was a Gentleman descended rather of an Ancient and Good than very Rich Family It is observed that his Ancestors had injoyed that Estate for almost two hundred years before the Birth of this great Man And yet such was the number of his Children that it is no wonder if this when young wanted the assistance of Good men for the promoting of his Studies for it is said his Father left ten Children between Sons and Daughters behind him This John Jewel proving a Lad of pregnant Parts and of a sweet and industrious Nature and Temper was from his Youth dedicated to Learning and with great care cultivated by his
the Apology and his Reply he would not trust intirely to his own Excerpts or Transcriptions but having first carefully read Mr. Hardings Books and marked what he thought deserved an Answer he in the next place drew up the Heads of his intended Answer and resolved what Authorities he would make use of upon each Head and then by the Directions of his Common place Book read and marked all those Passages he had occasion to make use of and delivered them to some Scholars to be transcribed under their proper Heads that he might have them together under his Eye when he came to write which Care and Diligence of his speaks at once both his Industry Fidelity and Modesty in that he would not trust his own Transcripts and is a just reprehension of the Falshood of those who knowingly make false Citations and of the supine â—â—gligence of those who take them up upon â—ust from other men and use them without any Examination by which means great Mistakes are made and Cotroversies spring up to the Disturbance of the World The truth is a man ought to re-examine his own Thoughts for what may seem very pertinent at a first reading to any purpose may prove otherwise upon second thoughts and a close Observation of what goes before or follows after in the Author and few men are so exact in their first Excerpts but thro Has Inadvertence or Mistake they may more or less err and be deceived not to say that a mans Intention of Mind is much exalted by the fixing it upon one particular Object and the expectation of a Conviction from his Adversary in case he make the least Mistake This Account of our venerable Bishop was given by one Mr. John Garbrand who was intimately acquainted with him in an Epistle Dedicatory before some of his Sermons printed in Octavo in the year 1583. HE was an excellent Grecian and not unacquainted with the Italian Tongue and as to the Latin he wrote and spoke it with that elegance politeness purity and fluency that it might very well be taken for his Mother Tongue and certainly he took the right course to be Master of it having made himself in his youth perfectly Master of Horace upon whom he writ a large Comentary Tully and Erasmus all whose voluminous and excellent Works he read over excerpted and imitated every day he lived especially during his continuance at Oxon and he was then wont also to declaim extempore to himself in Latin in the Woods and Groves as he walked AND when the Lady Bacon wrote him a Letter in Greek he replied in the same Language He was excellently read in all the Greek Poets Orators and Historians especially in the Ecclesiastical Historians and above all other loved Gregory Nazianzen and quoted him all on occasions His Learning was much improved by his Exile in which besides his Conversation with Peter Martyr and the other learned men at Strasburgh and Zurick and his Society with Mr. Sands afterwards Arch-bishop of York who was his Bedfellow almost all the time they were in exile his Curiosity led him over the Alps into Italy and he studied some time in Padua and by the Acquaintance he contracted with Seignior Scipio a great man seems to have been very much esteemed there HE was of a pleasant debonair Humour extreamly civil and obliging to all but withall of great Gravity and of so severe a Probity and Virtue that he extorted from his bitterest Enemies a Confession that he lived the Life of an Angel and tho he were lame yet till his being a Bishop he travailed for the most part a-foot both at home and beyond the Seas he was contented in every condition and endeavoured to make all others so by telling them when he was in exile that neither would their Calamity last an Age neither was it reason they should bear no share of the Cross of Christ when their Brethren in England fared so much worse HE was so extream grateful to all that had done him good that when he could not express his Gratitude to Mr. Bowin his School-master he paid it to his Name and did good to all that were so call'd for his sake tho they were not related to that good man HE was a most laborious Preacher always travelling about his Diocess and preaching where-ever he came wherein hâ— laboured to speak to the apprehensions of the People hating all light gingling Discourse and Phrases as beneath the Dignity of thaâ— sacred Place yet he was careful here too iâ— the Choice of his Words and endeavoure to move the Affections of his Auditory by pathetick and zealous Applications avoiding all high-flown Expressions and using a grave and sedate rather than sweet way of speaking and never venturing in the meanest Auditory to preach extempore Mr. Humfrys who was himself a Calvenist as Mr. Camden informs us in his Annals has done what he could to represent Bishop Jewell as a favourer of our English â—â—â—â—enters but it is certain he opposed them in his Exile when they began the Stirs at 〈…〉 and the last publick Act he did in all his Life was to reprehend them severely in a Sermon preached at Pauls Cross which I take to be the last Sermon printed in the Collection of his Works in 1609 and to defend the Rites and Ceremonies of the Church against them both which he mentioned on his Death-bed in these words My last Sermon at Pauls Cross in London and the Conference I held with some Brethren concerning the Ceremonies and present State of our Church was not undertaken to please any Mâ—rtal man or â—o exasperate or trouble those that thought otherwise than I did but last 〈◊〉 Party should prejudice the other and that the love of God through the operation of 〈…〉 which is given to us might be shed abroad in 〈◊〉 hearts To which he wisely subjoyns his opinion that these Contentions were kindled and fomented by the Popish Party as 〈◊〉 well known now The truth is the Schimsm was then in its Rise and those great Impostors Coleman Button and Hallingham which were nothing but Popish Priests in the Masquerade of Puritan Preachers being severly corrected in the year 1568 there was no great motion made by that Party till the Parliament held in the Thirteenth year of the Queen April 2. 1570. had confirmed the Articles of the Church by Act of Parliament and Subscription thereupon being 〈…〉 urged than before many Dissenters kept their private Meetings in Woods Fields their Friends Houses c. as Fuller from Tho. Cartwright's second Reply p. 38. informs us These disorders in all probability occasioned the Sermon at Paul's Cross and the Conference at London which happened not long before his death and probably after this Session of Parliament which the Bishop survived but six months So that if the Bishop did rarely and unwillingly preach any thing concerning the Rites and indifferent parts or Circumstances of
Religion as our Author tells us it was because he had no great occasions given him but what he thought of these men will best appear from the Sermon I mentioned above his words are these By whose name shall I call you I would I might call you Brethren But alas this heart of yours is not Brotherly I would I might call you Christians But alas you are no Christians I know not by what name I shall call you For if you were Brethren you would love as Brethren If you were Christians you would agree as Christians So that he could have no good opinion of those whom he every where in that Sermon stiles proud self-conceited disobedient and unquiet men who did not deserve the title of Brethren or Christians What would he have said if he had lived in our days BESIDES confuting some of the Seditious Doctrines of Thomas Carwright who became famous by his Admonition to the Parliament in the year following the Bishop said Stultitia nata est in corde pueri virga disciplinae fugabit illam Which shews he was no encourager of Faction by Lenity and Toleration tho he was a man of great moderation otherwise and expressed a great sense of the Frailties of Mankind in other Instances as appears by his Letter to Dr. Parkhurst when Bishop of Norwich Let your Chancellor saith he be harder but you easier let him wound but do you heal let him Lance do you Plaister wise Clemency will do more good than rigid severity one man may move more with an Engine than six with the force of their hands And accordingly he would often sit in his own Consistory with his Chancellor hearing considering and sometimes determining Causes concerning Matrimony Adultery and Testaments c. not thinking it safe to commit all to the sole care and sidelity of his Chancellor and Officials But tho as a Justice of Peace he often sate in the Courts of Quarter-Sessions yet judgment were desired concerning some scruple of Religion or some other such-like difficulty So exact was his care not to entangle himself with secular affairs and yet not to be wanting to his duty in any case THO he came to a Bishoprick miserably impoverished and wasted yet he found Means to exercise a prodigious Liberality and Hospitality For the first his great Expence in the building a fair Library for his Cathedral Church may be an instance which his Successor Dr. Gheast furnished with Books whose name is perpetuated together with the Memory of his Predecessor by this Inscription Haec Bibliotheca extructa est sumptibus R. P. ac D. D. JOHANNIS JEWELLI quondam Sarum Episcopi instructa vero libris à R. in Christo P. D. Edmundo Gheast olim ejusdem Ecclesiae Episcopo quorum memoria in Benedictione erit A. D. 1578. HIS Doors stood always open to the Poor and he would frequently send his charitable Reliefs to Prisoners nor did he confine his Bounty to English men only but was liberal to Foreigners and especially to those of Zâ—rick and the Friends of Peter Martyr BUT perceiving the great want of learned men in his times his greatest care was to have ever with him in his House half a dozen or more poor Lads which he brought up in Learning and took much delight to hear them dispute Points of Grammar-learning in Latin at his Table when he was at his Meal improving them and pleasing himself at the same time AND besides these he maintained in the University several young Students allowing them yearly Pensions and when ever they came to visit him rarely dismissed them without liberal Gâ—atuities Amongst these was the famous Mr. Richard Hooker his Country-man whose Parents being Poor must have been bound Apprentice to a Trade but for the Bounty of this good Bishop who allowed his Parents a yearly Pension towards his maintenance well near seven years before he was fit for the University and in the year 1567 appointed him to remove to Oxford and there to attend Dr. Cole then President of Corpus Christi Colledge who according to his Promise to the Bishop provided him a Tutor and a Clerks place in that Colledge which with a Contribution from his Uncle Mr. John Hooker and the continued Pension of his Patron the Bishop gave him a comfortable subsistence and in the last year of the Bishops Life Mr. Hooker making this his Patron a visit at his Palace the good Bishop made him and a Companion he had with him dine at his own Table with him which Mr. Hooker boasted of with much joy and gratitude when he saw his Mother and Friends whither he was then travelling a Foot The Bishop when he parted with him gave him good Counsel and his Blessing but forgot to give him Money which when the Bishop bethought himself of he sent a Servant to call him back again and then told him I sent for you Richard to lend you a Horse which hath carried me many a mile and I thank God with much ease And presently delivered into his hand a walking-staff with which he professed he had travelled many parts of Germany and then went on and said Richard I do not give but lend you my Horse be sure you be honest and bring my Horse back to me at your return this way to Oxford and I do now give you ten Groats to bear your charges to Exeter and here is ten Groats more which I charge you to deliver to your Mother and tell her I send her a Bishops Blessing with it and beg the continuance of her Prayers for me And if you bring my Horse back to me I will give you ten more to carry you on foot to the College and so God bless you good Richard It was not long after this before this good Bishop died but before his death he had so effectually recommended Mr. Hooker to Edwin Sandys then Bishop of London and after Arch-bishop of York that about a year after he put his Son under the Tutelage of Mr. Hooker and was otherwise so liberal to him that he became one of the learnedest men of the Age and as Bishop Jewel soild the Papists so this Mr. Hooker in his Books of Ecclesiastical Polity gave the Dissenters such a fatal Defeat as they never yet could nor ever shall be able to recover from Nor was Mr. Hooker ungrateful but having occasion to mention his good Benefactor in that Piece he calls him Bishop Jewel the worthiest Divine that Christendom hath bred for the space of some hundreds of years BUT to return to Bishop Jewel he had collected an excellent Library of Books of all sorts not excepting the most impertinent of the Popish Authors and here it was that he spent the greatest and the best part of his time rarely appearing abroad especially in a Morning till eight of the Clock so that till that time it was not easie to speak with him when commonly he eat some slight thing for the support