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A47631 A treatise of the divine promises in five bookes : in the first, a generall description of their nature, kinds, excellency, right use, properties, and the persons to whom they belong : in the foure last, a declaration of the covenant it selfe .../ by Edvvard Legh ... Leigh, Edward, 1602-1671. 1641 (1641) Wing L1014; ESTC R19654 173,632 533

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earth Gen. 13.16 He and his wife being both old he thus as accounting GODS promises vaine answered LORD GOD what wilt thou give mee seeing I goe childlesse Gen. 15.2 Sarah likewise hearing the promise GOD had made to her husband concerning a Sonne by her laughed at it Gen. 18.12 as if she should have said that is a jest indeed GOD told Adam in Paradise That the seed of the woman should breake the serpents head Gen. 3.15 He was long but sure for it was fulfilled at last He that gave us CHRIST how shall he not with him give us all things also Rom. 8.32 He that hath performed the promise concerning CHRIST wherein shall he faile He hath hitherto kept promise with nights and daies as Ieremy saith Ier. 33.20 25. that one shall succeed the other therefore much more will hee keepe his word with his people Hee is worthy to be beleeved who never failed to performe what he promised If GOD have promised us pardon of sinne Sanctification Patience Faith wee should promise our selves these things and rest confident that we shall receive them Shall we beleeve an honest man on his word and yet not trust GOD upon his word who is Almighty and therefore able a Father and therefore willing to performe his promises GOD hath spoken in his holinesse saith David I will reioyce therefore in his Word I will divide Shechem and mete out the valley of Succoth Gilead is mine Manasseh is mine Ephraim also is the strength of mine head Iudah is my law-giver Moab is my washpot Psal. 60.6 7. Though then hee had little enough yet he was confident hee should have all that because he had GODS Word for it So we may beleeve what GOD hath promised since he hath said it and sealed it and sworne it One in the Covenant may lay hold on CHRIST and say CHRIST is mine on the Promise and say forgivenesse is mine on the Covenant and say grace is mine The LORD will not be unmindfull of his Covenant with us Psal. 111.5 nor unfaithfull in performance of his promise to us if wee prove not unfaithfull but keepe covenant and promise with him Psal. 103.17 18. 2 Chron. 15.2 for the Covenant consists of two parts in the one GOD bindes himselfe to be our GOD in the other we binde ourselves to be his people Hos. 2.23 His is a Covenant of mercy ours of obedience He promiseth happinesse we holinesse He glory we duty He hath tied himselfe by an oath wee have bound our selves by the vow of baptisme Hee will not forget his part let us remember ours Let it never be said of us as it was of a Pope and his Nephew that the one never spake as he thought the other never performed what he spake The Carthaginians were infamous for covenant-breaking and slipperinesse in their promises so that it grew a proverbe Punica fides Poeni foedifragi semper habiti saith Plautus and the Athenians were renowned for faithfullnesse in all their covenants agreements and promises which gave occasion to those proverbes Attica fides and Atticus testis used for one that still keepes touch Fidelity in keeping promise is a fruit of the Spirit called by the Apostle faith Gal. 5.22 and a property of him that must rest on GODS holy mountaine Therefore wee should imitate the Athenians shall I say nay rather GOD himselfe expressing faithfullnesse in all our words workes and waies wee should keepe our covenant with GOD and pay our vowes unto the most High Psal. 25.10 Psal. 103.18 we should also be constant in the performance of our promises to men for promises are due debts And non in promissione sed in consummatione virtus est vertue doth not consist in promise but in performance The manner how GOD performeth his promises is not alwaies one and the selfe-same sometimes hee gives the very particular thing promised as unto the children of Israell deliverance out of Aegypt David from Saul Iacob from Esau. Hee restored unto Hezekiah his health according to his promise and removed the host of the Assyrians which besieged Jerusalem sometime hee gives that which is equivalent or better Thus in the 5. Commandement obedient children are promised long life yet Iosiah 2 Kings 23.29 and Abiah 1 King 14.13 were taken away in their best age therefore for temporall life they had eternall so GOD promised Abraham the land of Canaan and hee had the true Canaan the Kingdome of Heaven GOD here breaketh not promise but changeth in melius So in taking away wealth from his children he giveth them more store of grace in restraining liberty of body He giveth freedome of con●cience with affliction He giveth patience It was promised Iosiah 2 Kings 22.20 that hee should be gathered to his grave in peace yet hee died a violent death for he was slaine by the hands of his enemies 2 King 23.29 the next words therefore doe expound it And thine eyes shall not see all the evill which I will bring upon this place He died in peace comparatively with a worse state of life for hee lived not to see the misery of succeeding ages Esay 57.1 Some interpret it thus hee was gathered to the Spirits of his Fathers who enjoyed peace GOD doth not alwaies performe his promises to the same parties and yet most truly performeth them Psal. 97.11 Light is sowne for the righteous Oftentimes the Father soweth and dieth ere the harvest and so the Sonne reapes so Abraham inherited Canaan in his posterity So GOD promised to send his Sonne this promise was made to the Fathers and GOD fulfilled it to the children Acts 13.32 33. The time of accomplishing GODS promises is uncertaine to us Acts 1.7 though it shall not be over-passed The vision is for an appointed time but at the end it shall speake and not lie All visions and words of GOD whether of promise or of threatning let them seeme to lie lea and void never so long yet shall be not onely certainely fulfilled but in the period of time which the wisedome of GOD hath impropriated to them Sometimes GODS promises have a limited time as that Gen. 17.21 18.14 and then they are fulfilled in that very time exprest as Gen. 21.1 2. Sometimes hee expresseth not the time GOD in the beginning made a promise to our first Parents concerning the seed of the Woman and deferred it almost 4000. yeares and yet at length accomplished it There have passed about 5000. yeares since the time of the glorious comming of CHRIST unto judgement was promised and it is not knowne when it shall be accomplished Abraham was childlesse till he was 70. yeares old and at those yeares the LORD promised him issue But this promise was not accomplished till a long time after when hee was an 100. yeares old David had a promise to be King of Ierusalem and Iuda but the LORD exercised him by many and grievous afflictions
there is no mention made of Esau whom he begot also But when Iacob is said to have begotten Iudah it is added and his brethren because the promise of Redemption which was to come by CHRIST was pronounced to them also But that promise belonged not to all them neither but onely to such who following the steps of their holy Fathers Abraham Isaac and Iacob applied it by a true faith to themselves as the Apostle sheweth This is a comfort to the people of GOD they can never loose Evangelicall blessings of grace and glory because CHRIST is made the Lord Treasurer and Lord Keeper of them We are not trusted with them our selves for then wee should loose them but he receives them for us and communicates them to us THE SECOND BOOK CHAP. I. Of the Covenant THE PROMISES ARE either GENERALL OR SPECIALL GENERALL THE COVENANT Which in Hebrew is called Berith from choosing because it is established on certaine conditions which both parties choose it is taken for both a Covenant and a Feast therefore some derive it from a word that signifieth to eate because the Hebrewes at their Covenant-makings usually had a Feast Gen. 31.54 Others derive it from a word that signifieth to stay It was a Religious Ceremony common to the Jewes and Gentiles that in making solemne covenant before their gods a beast was slaine by the Priest and the parts thereof laid one over against another The makers of the Covenant passed betweene those divided parts the Ceremony intended and imprecation that he might be cut in pieces as that beast was who should violate the Covenant so made And from the use of this Ceremony came the phrase of cutting a Covenant as with us striking of a bargaine from our fashion of striking hands upon a bargaine made Alexander ab Alexandro Lib. 5. c. 3. speakes of it nay This was a custome in Abrahams time and therefore GOD himselfe to confirme his Promise to Abraham vouchsafed to use that Ceremonie Gen. 15.10.17 for which it is said GOD did cut a Covenant with Abraham ver 18. See Ier. 34.18 The word Covenant doth somtimes signifie a simple promise of grace without condition Gen. 9.11 Numb 25.12 13. but ordinarily it notes a mutuall contract or agreement between the parties covenanting by stipulation and promise Psal. 50.16 25.10.14 44.17 A Covenant is a solemne Contract passing betweene some parties two at the least whereby they bind themselves each to other in certaine articles to both their contents for their mutuall peace and comfort For the forme and manner of it it must be done with some solemnity and herein stands the difference betweene a promise and a Covenant for a Covenant is a bundle of promises bound and knit up together in one tie and mutuall solemnity There is a Civill Covenant which is a league or agreement inter dimicantes betweene two or more parties being at variance Gen. 21.32 and a Religious or Sacred Covenant which is a league or agreement that GOD hath made with man for his Salvation and that is twofold 1. That which GOD made at the beginning with our first Parents in the state of Innocencie Gen. 2.17 promising perfect felicity on condition of their perfect obedience It is called Foedus naturale the Covenant of nature because it was made by GOD with man at his first Creation and because it is contained in the Law which is knowne to men by nature and Foedus Legale the Covenant of workes because workes were the condition of it it did runne thus Doe this and thou shalt live and I will be thy GOD Ezek. 20.11 Levit. 18. Rom. 10.5 Gal. 3.12 winne it and weare it obey perfectly and live everlastingly The two Sacraments of this Covenant were the Tree of knowledge respecting the Law Doe this and the tree of life respecting the promise Live GOD shadowed out this covenant also to the children of Israell in the wildernesse of Sina when he brought them out of Aegypt Moses describes it Exod. 19. 24. the blessings and curses comprehended in that Covenant are recited Levit. 26. Deut. 27. 28. It hath rationem speculi It is a glasse to manifest and discover sinne and death and so serves to humble men which are naturally proud Mat. 19.17 and to make them flie unto CHRIST for sanctuary who perfectly fulfilled the Law for the Elect in and through whom we may obtaine the Legall promises Rom. 10.4 Gal. 4.4 I will shake all nations and the desire of all nations shall come saith the LORD Hag. 2.7 to note unto us saith one that a man shall never desire CHRIST indeed till he be first shaken 2. That which GOD of his singular grace made with man fallen This is a free disposition of GOD whereby he promiseth eternall salvation by the death and mediation of his Sonne that he may magnifie the riches of his mercy This was revealed and delivered to our first Parents in the garden of Eden immediately after the fall by GOD himselfe and after was continued and renewed with Abraham Isaac and Iacob It is called Foedus Evangelicum the Covenant of the Gospell and the Gospell Rom. 1.16 A New Covenant Behold the daies come saith the LORD that I will make a new Covenant with the house of Israel Ier. 31.31 that is with the whole Church the whole Israel of GOD as appeareth Heb. 8.8 10. The Covenant of grace Rom. 4.16 because nothing else moved GOD to make and establish it it is not grounded upon our workes and worthinesse but upon the free mercies of GOD and all-sufficient merits of Christ Gal. 3.18 The Covenant of peace Ezek. 34.25 37.26 Peace Rom. 10.15 the Gospell of peace Ephes. 2.17 6.15 Reconciliation with GOD and a Testament because this reconciliation was ratified by the death of the Testator Heb. 9.16 17. It runs in these termes beleeve and repent and Thou shalt be saved Iohn 3.16 Gal. 3.11 19. Mar. 16.16 The Covenant of Grace saith D. Preston is double 1. Absolute and Peculiar onely to the Elect Ier. 31.33 Ezek. 36.26.2 Conditionall which is common to all and that is expressed in these termes CHRIST hath provided a righteousnesse and salvation now if you will beleeve and take him upon these termes that he is offered you shall be saved Mark 16.16 The Sacraments which GOD gave to man in his corrupt estate were either 1. Before CHRIST prefiguring Him 2. After Him as memorials of Him The Sacraments before Christ were of two sorts 1. Either such as belonged to all sorts of people 1. The Arke and Noahs preservation in it Gen. 6.18 Heb 11.7 1 Pet. 3.20 21. 2. The Rainebow Gen. 9.9 11 12 13 15 16 17. 2. Such as were peculiarly appointed to the Jewes some of which were 1. Extraordinary during but once or a short time and answering either To Baptisme as the red sea the cloud 1 Cor. 10.1 2 3 5.