Dionys Perieges Tiaras exuere ait Persis fuisse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Tiar which in salutation they vsd as we our hats to pull off but all others were it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. folded and inclining forward as the Scholiast speaks which agrees with the report of Demaratus his request to Xerxes vt Sardis f Seneca de Benefic 6. cap. 31. Tantundem Arrian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 3. maximam Asiae ciuitatem curru vectus intraret rectâ—m capite Tiaram gerens id solis datum Regibus But the white Diadem was proper only to him except g Xenophon Cyrop ed. 8. some of the neerest bloud Royall and was not any part of the Tiar as in what before cited appeares as also in that of Darius his fastening his Scepter into the ground putting on it his Martiall Robe and Tiar and h Polyaenus Stratagem 7. cap. 8. Videsis Sueton. lib. 6. cap. 13. de Teridatis diademate binding them about with his Diadem when he praid to Apollo for successe In Plutarch's Lucullns one hangs hir selfe with a Diadem which shews of what nature it was Therefore whereas Iustin Curtius and Diodore say that Alexander vs'd the Persian Diadem I wonder why i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arrian he wrote about Adrians time affirms that he tooke the Cidaris from which being the same with the Tiara it seems by k Plutarch in Alexan. others he generally abstaind and ware the white Diadem vpon his Causia so was the name of the Macedonian l Suidas in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cap or Helmet Perhaps Arrian took Cidaris for the Diadem as Agathias doth it seems where he reports that after the death of Uararanes his wife being with child of a sonne which the Magi had foretold and therefore no question was made of it the Cidaris was put on the womb as a ceremonie of inaugurating an vnborn King who afterward was Sapores or Sabores the words of Agathias are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Neither only the Persian But most of the Asiatique Princes had this kind of fillet or cloth Diadem as of Mithridates of m Plutarch in Lucullo Pontus Tigranes of Armenia Attalus n Idem in Apophth Regum vbi de Eumene of Lydia and others is reported Yet an old coin of one of Attalus his successors is yet o Scalig. Animad ad Eusebium pag. 321 extant with the head circled with a chaplet of some kinde of leaus and circumscribed thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which I rather referre to the honoring of som Deity to whom those leaues were sacred then any way take it for part of a Royall habit The Princes of Asia in later times I mean chiefly the Chaliphs haue neither had the Diadem or Crown as Royall Yet not for the reason which Bodin p De Repub. 1. cap. 9. giues making such difference twixt the later Sultans there and the old Chaliphs whereas indeed the present Grand Signior reckons himselfe for a true Chaliph as is before shown and as other suprem Princes in Mahumedisme challenges at his pleasure all rights of the old Chaliphs But it seems the Tartars whence the Turks vsd all of them Tulipants before their Kingdome establish'd at Bagded and therefore their Princes also hauing not before in that kind any distinction vnlesse in price and greatnes continued to this day their first form But the Saracen Caliphs before their Othomanique Empire had as its probable the old Tiar or Cidaris richly set with stones and in it the Diadem I affirme not absolutely so But refer you to coniecture from what was in those parts anciently so vsuall and withall take this report of one of those old Chaliphs call'd by my q Beniamin Tudelens Vt ab Aria Montano versus in Itinerario scripsit circa 1180. autor Alghabasi Ilhaphtzi which I think to be Mustezi of the Abasin family Vehitur ille mulâ Regijs vestimentis ex auro argento contextis indutus caput Cydari ornatus incomparabilis pretij lapidibus splendenti Super Cydarim verò nigrum sudarium gestat quo gestamine saeculi huius verecundiam profitetur Whether this Cidaris had a Diadem or no he expresses not Of the Othomaniques it s reported that their first Autor Othoman lies buried at Prusa chief City in Bithynia hauing vpon his Tomb extrinsecus superimpositum r Leunclau Ind. Libitinario Tulipantum vetus non admodum magnum quodque spiras subtiliùs maiori artificio circumvolutas habet quam in ijs Tulipantis videamus quae Turci suis nunc gestare capitibus solent And this kind of Tulipant they dare say Ioseph the Patriarch first invented and vsd The Great Sophi hath at his inauguration a kind of miter horn'd s Cartwright in Peregrinat vid. Leunclau Musulmanic 1. put on by his chief Chaliph at his inthronization which was wont to be at Caphe neer Babylon but since the Turkish Emperor won Assyria from him at Casbin somtime and somtime at Hispaan it is performd And it s reported that the Egyptian t P. Martyr Legat Babylon l. 3. Sultans after the Mameluchs had there ended the first Chaliphat vsd to weare a ridiculous Tulipant made of som Lx. or more yards of thin stuffe diuersly folded and so that VI. Horns stood out of it wherof foure were about a span length and twixt them the other two of a cubit long like Snailes hornes But the like also did all their great men of the chiefest Rank weare Neque enim saith my Autor postquam supremum gradum ascendit Sultanus dissonum ab optimatum ornatu de quorum ordine creatus est habitum sumit Neither might any vse this hornd Tulipant but the Sultan the u Mart. à Baumgarten Pereg. 1. cap. 17. Chaliph or chief Priest and those Princes which were of highest note It was negligently done therefore of Bodin to inferre their not wearing of Crownes out of a supposd Canon made by the Caliphs as if the later Princes had not in account been true Chaliphs Neither doth he better in speaking to this purpose of the Israelitique Kings It s true they had Crowns and of gold and were annointed They had those two as the Priests But what other Asiatique Kings vsd the like As they were a peculiar people to God so were their Institutions for the most part in euery thing different from their Neighbours They had Gold others Cloth 〈◊〉 Nobilem x Valer. Maxim lib. 7. cap. 2. §. 5. magis quam foelicem pannum An ancient King said of the Diadem deliuerd to him and many other testimonies make it a white cloth fillet Cinguntur tempora Vitta Albente saith Silius y De Bell. Punic 6. Italicus of Massanissa because he knew it was proper to a King That alone then being traduced out of Persia by Alexander gaue the times after him the name of Diadema for the most speciall Note
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 siue senex Alsheich being this very word 〈◊〉 Sa Saa Schah or Schach as by an attribute of dignitie It is written often Shaugh Xa and also Cheque Out of Achmet's Onirocritiques the great Scaliger f Canon Isagog 3. cites 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Saa Nisan King of the Persians And here saith he est aliud nomen multis Principibus Persarum commune NISA id eorum lingua est HASTA And Senigar Saa filius Saa Regum omnium Persarum Imperator is in Beniamin Ben-Iona and Vararanes a Persian King is calld g Agathias hist. 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from his being before Lord or Gouernor of Cerma About M. LXX after Christ the Persian King is in Abraham Zaccuth namd Sultan Melich Sa the same which a Greek calls h Chrysococces ap Scaliger vbi supra Idem est nifallor Malicsach apud Leon. African hist. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 after whose death he saies the Chaliph of Bagded Mutkadi Ben Kain at this Sultans wiues request permitted his sonne Mahumed to raigne which I the rather also note because Bodin i De Repub. 1. cap. 9. affirmes that the Chaliphs permitted not the name of Dominus to any but themselues hauing at first supremacie ouer all those parts and speaks of a Text in the Alcoran against it which I could neuer meet with There may be some such thing perhaps in some other of those Zunas i. Counsells or Laws which were after Mahumed composd by the Chaliphs commandment at Damascus But doubtles no better word for Dominus can bee then Sultan by which here this Prince of Persia vnder the Chaliphat is stiled This Sultan is calld c Ignat. Patriarch Antioch ad Scalig. quem Consulas de hoc Imperatore lib. 4. de Emend Sultan Gelal eddin Melic Sa but his proper name was Albu Ersalan from whom the Persians haue their annuall account whose root is A. Chr. M. LXXIX in the XIIII of our March and is calld the * Ver. Nouus dies si verbum interpreteris Neuruz of Gelal Sultan Melic saith Scaliger est Rex Sa vel Scha Persis est nomen attributum Regibus Gelal is Maiestie in Arabique and so he turns Melic Sa Gelal eddin into Melic Sa Maiestas Religionis From this word Edin is the name Aladin in the Oth 〈…〉 anique race which as Leunclaw saies signifieth Diuine but he allows not Reineccius coniecturing that all the Turkish Sultans had the name of Aladin as a surname or title of Honor. From Scah in the Persian title they haue money called Schahlar as the Turks haue Sultanlar which we call Sultanins Of Schah is Padischa a compound whereof before The Persian titles more ancient are already elswhere toucht As a corollary take here another of them in the middle times 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 d Theophylact. Simocatta hist. 4. cap. 8. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. i. Chosroes King of Kings Lord of Potentates Lord of Nations Prince of Peace Sauiour of Men Among Gods a good and eternall Man but among Men a most Famous God Most glorious Conqueror Rising with the Sunne Giuing eyes to the Night Noble by Birth a King that hates warre well deseruing hauing the * Nonnè Ausonios 1. Italos innuit Asonae vnder Pay and keeping the Kingdom for the Persians To Baram a Generall among the Persians and our friend Baram hauing before writen to Chosroes in almost alike fashioned stile It was about D C. of Christ vnder the Emperor Maurice It the rather is obseruable because both African and Asiatique Princes do yet euen as Chosroes somtimes load themselues and other Princes to whom they e Ex literis Amuratis III. ad Sereniss Elizab Reg. A 1579. datis constat quae sunt apud Hackluit Itinerar part 2. pag. 137. write with strange and doubtles by their Secretaries hardly inuented attributes But in that league of M. DC VI. twixt Rodulph II. and the present Grand Signior Achmet it was mongst other things concluded That the f Mercur. Gallo-Belgic Tom. 5. lib. 4. Emperor and the Great Sultan in all their Letters Instruments and Embassages should not stile themselues by any other additions but by the names of Welbeloued Father and Sonne to wit the Emperor calling the Great Sultan his sonne and the Great Sultan the Emperor in respect of his yeers his father And that in the beginning of their Letters they might both take vpon them the name of Emperor respectiuely Speaking in the Plurall number Why 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is for any barbarous Nation to the Iews The Rabbins reason of the Plurall Inferiors honord if namd by Superiors Otherwise if Superiors namd by Inferiors An example in our English law for the Plurall Dei gratia By whom vsd The Princes of the Empire their Royalties Dei Gratia anciently vsd by Bishops and Abbots Expressing of Princes by the Abstract of their quality Tua Maxima Fatuitas to the Pope Maiesty anciently in Rome how afterward vsd Celsitude and Serenitie to Dukes No proper word for Maiestie in Greek The Goddesse Maiestie Crimen Maiestatis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in later Grecians for Maiestie The Despot Sebastocrator and Caesar how they were formally to be spoken to or of Maiestie to our Soueraigns when first Grace and Excellent Grace Worship and Worshipfull Souerain Lady to a Dutchesse The disserence of speaking in the Concret or Abstract The Spanish Pragmatica for the formality of the Kings stile in directions to him CHAP. VI. OTher appendants of Maiestie are which giue a speciall form to the expressing of Titles Speaking in the Plurall Number is one obseruable As We command in the Person of One being a Monarch It s certain that among ancient Latins the plurall Number often was for a singular Person in common language and against rules of Grammar ioind with a singular word Not with Accius Naeuius or Plautus only but in later Catullus hath Insperanti Nobis and Tibullus to his false Mistresse Perfida nec merito Nobis inimica merenti But these not to our purpose You shall as often find the Persian and Greek Emperors in Esther Ezra the Macchabees Hippocrates his Epistles and such more to vse the singular as Plurall Somtimes is a mixture of Both as in that of Ptolemy Philopator to his Egyptians a Lib. 3. Macchab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. I am well my self and so are Our affaires The Iewes say that in their language for the plurality of Virtues and Power 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 supposd in a superior they vse the Plurall number to or of one Man Their Adoni is plurall yet often vsd as singular Euery tongue saith one of b Aben-Ezra in Genes cap 1. them hath its property As it is honorable in the Italian so vsually 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is interpreted but questionles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was indifferently at first vsed by them for any strangers or Gentils c
vanitie 16 M MArnas a God of the Gazaeans 12 Martyrs how they came to be worshipt 13 Magnus Dux Moscouiae 28. Lithuaniae 194. See Great Duke For Magnus see 382 Man the Isle its Kings 31 32 Maximilian his iest vpon his subiects 35 Martel of France 35 Marian the Scot. 36 Maranatha 49 Mauritania Tingitana peopled by such as were driuen out of Chanaan by Iosuah 70 Maqueda the Queene of Saba 86 Mar delle Zabach 90. 91 Moeotis 90 Mare Maggiore 90 Mamaluchs 94 Mahumet and his Alcoran 100. See Achmet and Abualtrazim Mah. his Alcor his flight out of Mecha See Hegira 163. See Moon Mahumedans superstition 101. 105. See Ali they allow the new and old Testament but say that Mahomets name was in it 100 Mahumet Resul Allahe 107 Magi Magia 108. Magick learned by the Persian Kings 108. but they were not Magi nor were their Kings Magi about our Sauiours birth 109. what Magus was 109. Slaughter of the Magi and a feast in remembrance of it 109. a Magus had the Persian Empire again 109 Maiestie 118 Maiestas how it was vsed 119. 120 Maiestie the daughter of Honor and Reuerence 121. where Maiestie was first vsd in England to the King 125 Magnitudo 119 Marquesse whence 209. seq 212. first Marquesse mentioned and the error of Crantzius 213. Marquisats of the Empire 212. 213. 214. his Inuestiture 214. 216. 217. his place in respect of Count. 213. 214. first in England 216. the name refusd as new in England ib. First in Spain 217. and Scotland ibid. Marchiones 212. 215. 216 Marca 210 Marc. 210 Marchisi 210 Marchera Mulieris 210 Marcshall whence 210. his fees at a Knighting 315 Marchis 211 Marchgraph 212 Markgraues 213. 221 Marchers 215 216 Margus 209 Marggrauius 213 Mabile daughter to Fitzhaimon her discourse with Henry 1. about marriage with Robert his bastard sonne 229 Marshalls Earldom surrendred 231 Marquisat of Austria 192. and of other places diuers See in Marquesse Magesetenses who 224 Martin the Saints Cap. 243 Maire du Maison not the Count du Palais 243. 389 Maioratus 244 Maioratus Senescalcia 244 Magnus homo 260 Mall what 261 Mallobergium 261 Machtosch 285 Margogh 332 Manumission the form in England anciently 327. and in Rome 325 Marsa 383 Mezentius 62 Memento te hominem esse 63 Melas for Nilus 66 Metius Pomposianus put to death for naming his bond-slaues 66 Melech Salomons sonne 86 Melic Sa or Melixa 111 Melophori 158 Messthegnes 225 Mediocres Seigneurs 253. 288 Meinouer i. mannor 264 Mithra 11 My Lord Milordi Milortes 61 Minerua Belisama 11. Zosteria 311 Mikel synods 226. 279 Missi 251 Miles and the different vse of it 334 Miles Terram habens Terram non habens 321 Miramomelinus 102 Minister Regis See in Thane Thegne Monarchie how begunne 23. See Kingdom Moscouies Duke or Emperor and to what Princes he vseth the title of Emperor and to what Duke 28 Moscouitique Kings called white Kings 83 Moscouit his Cap and ceremonie at the entertainment of an Embassador 152 Monsieur 52. 110. 171. the Title of the Brother of France and apparant successor 175 Moon fell in two peeces for a miracle to Mahumet with that tale 1â—3 Moon why set on the Turkish Meschits and in such honor with them 163. 164. 378. much honord by the Iews also and all Arabians 164. whence that superstition and how ancient and large 165 seq little Moons worne by the Romans descended from Senators on their shoes 166. how President of the Saracen Law 166 Mouing the Scepter an oth 157 Moldauia 382 Mustadeini 95 Mumilinus whence 99 Mucharam month 163 Musulmin what 103. 104. 105 Mufti 105 N NAmes to Nations from Kings 74. 75. Of Princes composd names of Gods vsually 65. 66. of Great men not to be giuen to slaues 66. 67. For Names in Greece and Rome See more in Praefat. and in page 229. 230. Of Mabile danghter to Fitzthaimon See also in Iohn Naming a Superior by an Inferior è conuerso 115 Naib and Naib Essam what 94 Nalka 164 Narrator 292 Nergal what 65 Nebo 65 Negush Chawariawi 87 Negush i. King 45 New Moon See Moon Nimrod or Nabrodes 5. Ninus not Nimrod 5. 6. Nimrod how long after the Floud 7. Nimrod built Niniuch 8. the same with Orion according to some 13 Nicholas Breakspear 55 Nicaulc 73. 74 Nitocris 74 Nisan an addition of Dignitie 111 Nigellus de Broke 321 Nilus See in Melas and in Siris Nones or faires on that day in Rome 19 Notaries to he made by whom 27 Nomophylaces their fillet 148 Nostra Gratia Nostra Pontificalis Dignitas c. 118 Nostra Peremitas Eternitas Maiestas c. 119 Normannus Princeps 177 Normandy Dukedom made 194. 195 the Inuestiture into it 198. calld Margus Normanniae â—09 and the Duke Marchio 214. the Duke commonly written as well Dux and Consul 224 Northumberland Dukes mongst the Saxons 203 Nobilitie Greater and Lesse 344 Nobilitie in other Nations generally See in the Preface O OChern 286 Ogetharius 286 Oile poured c. 129. sent from heauen to annoint the French Kings 131. a like tale of Oyle sent to our Kings 134 Olbont 383 Olboadula 383 Oliue to crown in the Olympians whence and what 142 One Deitie supposd by the Heathen 3 Oracle to Brute 36 Orpheus his last will 3 Ordo secundus 385 Orion see Nimrod he is the Prince of the South 14 Order of the Garter 362. 363. Round Table 364. of the Nuntiada 367. Of the Golden Fleece 367. Of Saint Michael 367. of the Holy Ghost 368. of the Star 368. of the Croissaat 368. of the Corn-eare 369. of the Porcupin 369. of the Thistle by the Duke of Bourbon 369 of the Band. 369. of S. Andrew in Scotland 370. of the Ele phant 370. of the Sword 370. of the Burgundian Crosse. 371. of the Bloud of our Sauiour 371. 〈◊〉 S. Stephen 371. of S. Mark 372 Osiris how painted by the Aegyptians 154. whence the name 66 Osculum pacis 43 Othes broken how punished 63. 64. by the Emperor by God per Genium Principis 64. Oth of those which were bound to the Warrs 65. by the Kings head 65. how punisht if broken ibid. Othes taken by the Mahumedans with what superstition 104. by the Scepter and in mouing it 157. 158. and whence the Scepter was sworn by Oth of the Iewes 329 Othomaniques hate to the Alians 105 Othman Ben-Ophen 109 Otho the Great his making Dignitics Feudall 19 P PAdischah 45. 87. 112 Palibothra 76 Paradogium in Praefat. Paluc 90 Papa i. Chalipha 96 Paul found fault with by Amirelmumenin of Barbarie for not continuing in the Religion wherein he was born 102. 103 Padischach Musulmin 103 Pantheion 142 Pastor custos 118 Pastoralis Baculus See Bishops Palatin of Rhin his bearing the Globe and Crosse. 158 Panhypersebastus 171 Patritiatus 188 Patricius 203. when begun for a Title 350. 351. 385