and_o the_o like_a the_o same_o almost_o may_v be_v say_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o man_n enjoy_v either_o jure_fw-la precario_fw-la by_o entreaty_n or_o permission_n respect_n be_v have_v to_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o in_o his_o own_o private_a right_n respect_n be_v have_v to_o that_o sovereign_n right_o that_o every_o city_n or_o state_n have_v over_o it_o for_o the_o public_a and_o general_a safety_n now_o if_o any_o of_o these_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o occasion_n of_o another_o man_n crime_n it_o be_v not_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o proper_o as_o a_o punishment_n but_o as_o the_o execution_n of_o that_o precedent_a right_n which_o by_o promise_n be_v transfer_v to_o he_o that_o take_v it_o so_o when_o that_o beast_n be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o who_o a_o man_n have_v have_v copulation_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n be_v decree_v it_o be_v not_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o beast_n have_v no_o law_n can_v be_v say_v proper_o to_o sin_n and_o consequent_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o punishment_n but_o it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o right_n and_o dominion_n that_o man_n have_v over_o beast_n to_o do_v with_o they_o as_o they_o please_v xii_o proper_o no_o man_n can_v be_v just_o punish_v for_o another_o fault_n these_o distinction_n be_v grant_v we_o say_v that_o no_o innocent_a person_n can_v be_v punish_v for_o the_o default_n of_o another_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o every_o punishment_n presuppose_v a_o offence_n and_o every_o offence_n must_v needs_o be_v personal_a because_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o will_n and_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o true_o and_o proper_o we_o than_o that_o which_o derive_v its_o be_v from_o we_o xiii_o no_o not_o the_o child_n for_o their_o parent_n it_o be_v st_n hieroms_n observation_n that_o neque_fw-la virtutes_fw-la neque_fw-la vitia_fw-la parentum_fw-la liberis_fw-la imputantur_fw-la that_o neither_o the_o virtue_n nor_o vice_n of_o parent_n be_v impute_v unto_o their_o child_n and_o st_n augustine_n conclude_v peremptory_o 105._o peremptory_o epist._n 105._o that_o it_o stand_v not_o with_o the_o perfection_n of_o god_n justice_n to_o punish_v a_o innocent_a dion_z chrysostome_n when_o he_o have_v say_v that_o by_o the_o athenian_a law_n the_o child_n be_v sometime_o put_v to_o death_n for_o their_o parent_n crime_n speak_v of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n he_o subjoin_v but_o this_o law_n do_v not_o like_o the_o other_o punish_v the_o posterity_n of_o those_o that_o sin_n but_o make_v every_o man_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o his_o own_o misery_n according_a to_o that_o common_a proverb_n noxa_fw-la sequitur_fw-la caput_fw-la the_o punishment_n follow_v the_o malefactor_n only_o we_o do_v decree_n say_v the_o christian_a emperor_n that_o where_o the_o guilt_n be_v there_o shall_v be_v the_o punishment_n for_o sin_n like_o a_o viper_n devour_v its_o own_o parent_n and_o therefore_o our_o fear_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v far_a than_o our_o guilt_n quis_fw-la locus_fw-la innocentiae_fw-la relinquitur_fw-la si_fw-la alienum_fw-la crimen_fw-la maculet_fw-la nescientem_fw-la where_o say_v st_n augustine_n shall_v innocence_n find_v sanctuary_n if_o the_o child_n that_o be_v ignorant_a and_o innocent_a must_v be_v involve_v in_o his_o father_n punishment_n philo_z in_o his_o special_a law_n 2._o lib._n 2._o abominate_v the_o custom_n of_o some_o nation_n in_o destroy_v the_o child_n of_o traitor_n and_o tyrant_n say_v justum_fw-la est_fw-la eorum_fw-la esse_fw-la poenas_fw-la quorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la delicta_fw-la it_o be_v just_a that_o they_o shall_v suffer_v that_o have_v sin_v and_o in_o another_o place_n there_o be_v nothing_o say_v he_o more_o unjust_a or_o of_o more_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o a_o state_n than_o to_o deny_v either_o the_o virtuous_a child_n of_o wicked_a parent_n their_o deserve_a honour_n or_o the_o wicked_a child_n of_o virtuous_a parent_n their_o due_a punishment_n for_o the_o law_n judge_v every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o own_o work_n and_o neither_o commend_v any_o man_n for_o the_o virtue_n nor_o condemn_v any_o man_n for_o the_o vice_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o josephus_n condemn_v the_o contrary_a fact_n in_o alexander_n king_n of_o the_o jew_n call_v it_o the_o exaction_n of_o punishment_n exceed_v all_o humane_a measure_n so_o also_o do_v dionysius_n halicarnassensis_n where_o he_o confute_v that_o common_a pretence_n of_o cruelty_n which_o be_v that_o malus_fw-la corvus_fw-la malum_fw-la ovum_fw-la the_o child_n will_v be_v like_o the_o father_n for_o this_o also_o say_v he_o be_v very_o uncertain_a and_o a_o uncertain_a fear_n can_v be_v no_o ground_n sufficient_a to_o justify_v a_o certain_a death_n one_o be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o tell_v arcadius_n a_o christian_a emperor_n that_o the_o child_n shall_v also_o attend_v their_o guilty_a parent_n to_o death_n if_o but_o suspect_v to_o have_v be_v infect_v by_o their_o example_n and_o ammianus_n relate_v a_o story_n of_o a_o daughter_n at_o that_o time_n very_o little_a that_o be_v put_v to_o death_n nè_fw-la ad_fw-la parentum_fw-la exempla_fw-la succresceret_fw-la lest_o she_o shall_v grow_v to_o be_v like_o her_o parent_n neither_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o revenge_n any_o just_a cause_n to_o destroy_v the_o child_n of_o guilty_a parent_n which_o occasion_v that_o greek_a proverb_n who_o kill_v the_o sire_n and_o save_v the_o son_n a_o fool_n for_o as_o seneca_n note_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o unrighteous_a than_o for_o a_o child_n to_o inherit_v his_o father_n malice_n pausanias_n the_o greek_a emperor_n will_v not_o do_v the_o least_o hurt_n to_o the_o child_n of_o attaginus_n who_o have_v cause_v the_o theban_n to_o revolt_v unto_o the_o mede_n presume_v that_o they_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o that_o conspiracy_n and_o m._n anthony_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o roman_a senate_n command_v they_o to_o pardon_v the_o son_n of_o avidius_n cassius_n who_o have_v conspire_v against_o he_o together_o with_o his_o son-in-law_n and_o his_o wife_n add_v but_o what_o speak_v i_o of_o pardon_v they_o who_o have_v do_v no_o evil_n and_o julian_n high_o commend_v the_o like_a humanity_n in_o constantius_n show_v that_o good_a child_n do_v many_o time_n spring_v from_o wicked_a parent_n as_o bee_n out_o of_o rock_n figgs_n out_o of_o bitter_a wood_n and_o pomegranate_n from_o thorn_n fourteen_o the_o objection_n take_v from_o god_n deal_v with_o man_n answer_v but_o god_n in_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n threaten_v to_o visit_v the_o sin_n of_o father_n upon_o their_o child_n but_o he_o have_v a_o full_a and_o absolute_a power_n and_o dominion_n not_o only_o over_o our_o good_n but_o life_n also_o as_o be_v his_o own_o gift_n which_o he_o may_v take_v away_o from_o we_o at_o any_o time_n and_o that_o without_o any_o other_o cause_n give_v than_o his_o own_o will_n if_o therefore_o he_o do_v at_o any_o time_n by_o some_o violent_a and_o untimely_a death_n snatch_v away_o the_o child_n of_o a_o achan_n saul_n jeroboam_n ahab_n or_o the_o like_a he_o do_v but_o exercise_v his_o own_o right_n of_o dominion_n and_o not_o that_o of_o punishment_n and_o yet_o by_o the_o same_o effect_n he_o do_v the_o more_o exquisite_o punish_v the_o parent_n of_o those_o child_n 9_o rab._n simon_n barsemi_fw-fr 2_o sam._n 21._o 1_o king_n 14._o 2_o king_n 8_o 9_o 10._o hom._n 29._o in_o gen._n 9_o as_o some_o of_o the_o jewish_a doctor_n teach_v very_o true_o for_o whether_o the_o parent_n do_v survive_v their_o child_n which_o the_o divine_a law_n do_v chief_o respect_n and_o therefore_o extend_v not_o its_o threat_n beyond_o the_o four_o generation_n which_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o see_v exod._n 25._o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o parent_n be_v even_o therein_o intend_v to_o be_v more_o severe_o punish_v by_o so_o sad_a a_o example_n as_o be_v thereby_o more_o deep_o wound_v than_o by_o their_o own_o suffering_n as_o chrysostome_n well_o observe_v wherewith_o agree_v that_o of_o plutarch_n nullum_fw-la durius_fw-la supplicium_fw-la quam_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la se_fw-la sunt_fw-la ob_fw-la se_fw-la miseros_fw-la spectare_fw-la no_o punishment_n so_o grievous_a as_o to_o see_v those_o bear_v of_o we_o to_o be_v for_o our_o fault_n miserable_a or_o whether_o the_o parent_n do_v not_o live_v so_o long_o as_o to_o see_v their_o child_n suffering_n yet_o doubtless_o to_o depart_v this_o life_n in_o that_o fear_n be_v a_o most_o dreadful_a torment_n the_o hardness_n of_o man_n heart_n say_v tertullian_n do_v urge_v the_o almighty_a to_o this_o severity_n that_o so_o they_o that_o have_v any_o care_n of_o the_o welfare_n of_o their_o posterity_n may_v yield_v the_o more_o ready_a obedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n whereunto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o of_o alexander_n in_o curtius_n who_o be_v demand_v what_o shall_v become_v of_o their_o innocent_a
they_o be_v leave_v forlorn_a and_o yet_o may_v those_o also_o be_v adopt_v son_n if_o the_o law_n forbid_v not_o as_o it_o be_v ancient_o permit_v among_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o law_n of_o anastasius_n but_o afterward_o in_o favour_n to_o lawful_a marriage_n there_o be_v a_o more_o difficult_a way_n find_v to_o make_v bastard_n equal_a to_o such_o as_o be_v legitimate_a namely_o by_o the_o free_a offer_n of_o the_o court_n when_o they_o say_v cause_n or_o by_o the_o subsequent_a marriage_n of_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o child_n thus_o do_v old_a jacob_n adopt_v his_o natural_a son_n s_o make_v they_o equal_a to_o his_o legitimate_a and_o give_v they_o equal_a share_n in_o his_o inheritance_n but_o the_o contrary_n may_v sometime_o happen_v not_o only_o by_o the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o law_n but_o even_o by_o agreement_n when_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o by_o both_o party_n before_o that_o they_o that_o be_v to_o be_v bear_v by_o that_o wedlock_n shall_v receive_v only_a aliment_n but_o no_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a inheritance_n and_o such_o a_o marriage_n the_o hebrew_n call_v concubinary_a although_o make_v with_o a_o freewoman_n such_o be_v that_o of_o abraham_n with_o keturah_n call_v therefore_o his_o concubine_n gen._n 25.6_o who_o child_n together_o with_o ishmael_n the_o son_n of_o agar_n his_o bondmaid_n be_v say_v to_o have_v receive_v gift_n that_o be_v legacy_n but_o no_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a inheritance_n so_o it_o be_v ancient_o among_o the_o mexican_n who_o give_v all_o to_o the_o elder_a son_n but_o nothing_o to_o the_o rest_n but_o sustenance_n only_o and_o not_o much_o better_a be_v second_o marriage_n in_o brabant_n where_o the_o child_n by_o the_o second_o venture_n have_v no_o propriety_n in_o the_o estate_n which_o the_o father_n hold_v at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o former_a wife_n the_o like_a law_n we_o find_v among_o the_o ancient_a burgundian_n ix_o if_o a_o man_n die_v childless_a and_o intestate_a to_o who_o shall_v the_o estate_n descend_v tribe_n the_o father_n estate_n to_o his_o relation_n the_o mother_n to_o she_o the_o ancient_a estate_n to_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o tribe_n if_o a_o man_n die_v childless_a and_o withal_o intestate_a on_o who_o the_o succession_n shall_v descend_v be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v determine_v there_o be_v no_o one_o thing_n wherein_o the_o law_n do_v more_o differ_v all_o which_o difference_n may_v notwithstanding_o be_v reduce_v under_o two_o head_n whereof_o the_o one_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n the_o other_o to_o the_o several_a spring-head_n from_o whence_o it_o descend_v that_o which_o come_v by_o the_o father_n to_o his_o relation_n and_o that_o which_o come_v by_o the_o mother_n to_o she_o but_o here_o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o the_o ancient_a inheritance_n and_o that_o late_o purchase_v that_o of_o plato_n must_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o former_a ego_fw-la legum_n conditor_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o be_v a_o law_n giver_n say_v he_o do_v ordain_v that_o neither_o your_o person_n nor_o patrimonial_a estate_n be_v in_o your_o own_o power_n full_o but_o your_o stock_n and_o lineage_n have_v a_o right_a thereunto_o as_o well_o they_o that_o now_o be_v as_o they_o that_o be_v to_o come_v whereby_o it_o seem_v that_o plato_n will_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o ancient_a inheritance_n preserve_v entire_a for_o that_o tribe_n or_o kindred_n by_o which_o it_o come_v which_o i_o will_v not_o have_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o though_o it_o be_v not_o natural_o lawful_a to_o dispose_v of_o any_o good_n that_o descend_v unto_o we_o from_o either_o parent_n or_o ancestor_n otherwise_o for_o sometime_o to_o relieve_v the_o want_n of_o a_o friend_n who_o have_v well_o deserve_v of_o we_o be_v not_o only_o commendable_a but_o necessary_a but_o that_o in_o a_o case_n ambiguous_a it_o may_v appear_v what_o we_o ought_v to_o believe_v the_o will_n of_o the_o intestate_a be_v for_o we_o take_v it_o as_o grant_v that_o he_o that_o die_v have_v at_o his_o death_n a_o full_a right_o to_o dispose_v of_o his_o estate_n but_o since_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o retain_v this_o right_n be_v dead_a and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o he_o will_v not_o altogether_o lose_v that_o right_n whereby_o he_o may_v gratify_v his_o friend_n it_o concern_v we_o to_o inquire_v in_o what_o order_n this_o benefit_n shall_v natural_o descend_v wherein_o that_o of_o aristotle_n be_v most_o rational_a potius_fw-la est_fw-la gratiam_fw-la referri_fw-la ei_fw-la qui_fw-la benefecit_fw-la quam_fw-la amico_fw-la confer_v beneficium_fw-la that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o return_v thanks_o to_o our_o benefactor_n than_o to_o oblige_v new_a friend_n for_o as_o cicero_n say_v true_o there_o be_v no_o duty_n so_o necessary_a as_o that_o of_o gratitude_n oblige_v our_o benefactor_n be_v first_o to_o be_v gratify_v and_o then_o our_o friend_n oblige_v for_o since_o liberality_n have_v but_o two_o branch_n whereof_o one_o be_v to_o do_v good_a the_o other_o to_o repay_v good_a the_o former_a we_o may_v do_v if_o we_o will_v but_o the_o latter_a we_o must_v do_v if_o we_o will_v be_v honest_a and_o can_v do_v it_o without_o injure_v any_o so_o st._n ambrose_n it_o become_v every_o man_n to_o have_v a_o great_a respect_n unto_o he_o from_o who_o we_o have_v receive_v a_o courtesy_n than_o unto_o other_o and_o present_o after_o what_o can_v be_v more_o against_o our_o duty_n than_o not_o to_o return_v what_o we_o have_v receive_v now_o our_o gratitude_n be_v express_v either_o to_o the_o live_n or_o 〈◊〉_d the_o dead_a as_o lisias_n observe_v in_o his_o funeral_n oration_n it_o be_v show_v in_o do_v good_a to_o their_o child_n be_v natural_o the_o survive_a part_n of_o they_o and_o unto_o who_o their_o parent_n if_o live_v will_v have_v be_v most_o beneficent_a in_o i_o confere_n quicquid_fw-la in_o liberos_fw-la meos_fw-la contuleris_fw-la say_v the_o fisherman_n in_o procopius_n 1._o procop._n pers_n 1._o who_o be_v about_o to_o adventure_v his_o life_n against_o a_o dogfish_n to_o gain_v a_o very_a great_a pearl_n for_o the_o emperor_n cosroe_n that_o be_v the_o best_a gratitude_n that_o be_v show_v to_o the_o dead_a for_o what_o o_o emperor_n thou_o shall_v confer_v on_o my_o child_n if_o i_o perish_v thou_o bestow_v upon_o i_o and_o according_a to_o this_o rule_n do_v they_o walk_v who_o frame_v the_o justinian_n law_n in_o that_o question_n concern_v whole_a and_o half_a brother_n and_o in_o that_o concern_v cousin_n in_o blood_n and_o in_o some_o other_o brother_n say_v aristotle_n do_v love_n each_o other_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o same_o parent_n ortus_fw-la communis_fw-la ipsos_fw-la quasi_fw-la eosdem_fw-la facit_fw-la one_o common_a blood_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v make_v they_o almost_o one_o and_o the_o same_o whence_o frater_fw-la be_v quasi_fw-la fere_n alter_fw-la a_o brother_n be_v but_o almost_o another_o or_o as_o one_o cast_v in_o the_o same_o mould_n for_o as_o the_o high_a bond_n of_o love_n be_v deserve_o that_o which_o child_n owe_v their_o parent_n 5._o val._n max._n lib._n 5._o c._n 5._o from_o who_o they_o receive_v the_o most_o and_o the_o great_a benefit_n as_o their_o life_n and_o livelihood_n so_o the_o next_o be_v that_o of_o brethren_n to_o each_o other_o as_o have_v receive_v the_o same_o benefit_n together_o from_o the_o same_o parent_n and_o therefore_o for_o brethren_n die_v childless_a and_o intestate_a to_o succeed_v one_o another_o be_v according_a to_o justin_n the_o common_a right_n of_o nation_n but_o in_o case_n he_o from_o who_o the_o good_n last_v descend_v be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v nor_o any_o of_o his_o child_n it_o remain_v that_o the_o thanks_o be_v pay_v to_o they_o to_o who_o though_o not_o so_o much_o yet_o next_o after_o he_o they_o be_v notwithstanding_o due_a namely_o to_o the_o parent_n of_o the_o next_o degree_n above_o he_o and_o to_o his_o child_n especial_o see_v by_o this_o mean_v it_o may_v be_v continue_v between_o the_o kinsman_n both_o of_o he_o who_o inheritance_n it_o be_v and_o of_o he_o from_o who_o the_o say_v good_n first_o descend_v so_o the_o same_o aristotle_n cousin_n germane_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o kinsfolk_n be_v link_v together_o by_o their_o parent_n as_o be_v bear_v of_o one_o common_a stock_n yet_o so_o as_o some_o be_v more_o near_o ally_v than_o other_o according_a to_o their_o respective_a birth_n thus_o by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n the_o uncle_n succeed_v after_o the_o brother_n as_o be_v near_o unto_o the_o first_o owner_n than_o the_o brother_n child_n numb_a 27.10_o 11._o x._o a_o estate_n late_o gain_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n but_o as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o estate_n that_o be_v but_o late_o acquire_v because_o there_o lie_v no_o obligation_n of_o thankfulness_n
the_o action_n or_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v what_o be_v injurious_o take_v away_o or_o that_o shall_v participate_v of_o the_o wrong_n do_v by_o any_o other_o mean_n vii_o secondary_o secondary_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o reparation_n which_o give_v their_o advice_n before_o it_o be_v do_v or_o that_o commend_v they_o that_o do_v it_o be_v do_v for_o as_o totilas_n in_o his_o oration_n to_o the_o goth_n observe_v he_o that_o commend_v a_o malefactor_n even_o he_o be_v to_o be_v repute_v the_o author_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o as_o ulpian_n speak_v concern_v a_o evil_a servant_n who_o if_o upon_o the_o discovery_n of_o his_o intention_n to_o run_v away_o from_o his_o master_n or_o to_o steal_v any_o thing_n from_o he_o another_o man_n shall_v commend_v that_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n for_o we_o ought_v not_o by_o our_o commendation_n to_o encourage_v a_o malefactor_n to_o sin_n for_o as_o cicero_n observe_v in_o his_o philippic_n what_o difference_n be_v there_o between_o he_o that_o persuade_v to_o a_o unjust_a act_n and_o he_o that_o commend_v it_o be_v do_v viii_o they_o that_o by_o not_o do_v occasion_n the_o damage_n primary_o by_o not_o do_v what_o he_o ought_v a_o man_n may_v be_v bind_v to_o reparation_n two_o way_n primary_o or_o secondary_o primary_o as_o when_o he_o that_o have_v a_o right_n proper_o so_o calleâ—_n express_o to_o forbid_v the_o do_n of_o it_o or_o to_o defend_v he_o who_o have_v the_o wrong_n do_v he_o do_v it_o not_o for_o such_o a_o man_n the_o chaldee_n paraphra_v call_v obfirmator_n a_o strengthener_n of_o wickedness_n qui_fw-la non_fw-la vetat_fw-la cum_fw-la potest_fw-la jubet_fw-la he_o that_o hinder_v not_o when_o he_o may_v command_n he_o be_v not_o only_o guilty_a that_o set_v fire_n to_o his_o neighbour_n house_n but_o he_o also_o who_o can_v have_v hinder_v it_o but_o will_v not_o ix_o and_o secondary_o secondary_o he_o that_o do_v not_o dissuade_v when_o he_o ought_v or_o shall_v conceal_v the_o fact_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o discover_v in_o all_o which_o case_n the_o word_n debet_fw-la i._n e._n ought_v be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o that_o which_o be_v a_o man_n proper_a right_n strict_o take_v whereunto_o commutative_a justice_n have_v respect_n whether_o that_o right_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o law_n or_o from_o any_o quality_n in_o the_o person_n for_o if_o it_o be_v due_a only_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n the_o omission_n thereof_o may_v be_v a_o sin_n but_o not_o such_o as_o shall_v oblige_v to_o reparation_n for_o to_o this_o it_o be_v require_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v some_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a right_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o x._o what_o be_v require_v as_o to_o this_o where_o also_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o all_o these_o do_v so_o stand_v oblige_v as_o we_o have_v say_v if_o they_o be_v true_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o damage_n give_v i._n e._n if_o they_o do_v contribute_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n to_o either_o the_o whole_a or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o for_o if_o it_o shall_v evident_o appear_v that_o he_o that_o do_v the_o wrong_n have_v certain_o do_v it_o even_o without_o their_o act_n or_o neglect_v as_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o in_o those_o of_o the_o second_o order_n and_o sometime_o in_o those_o of_o the_o first_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o reparation_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o if_o there_o want_v not_o other_o that_o will_v advise_v and_o help_v they_o that_o do_v so_o be_v not_o oblige_v if_o he_o that_o occasion_v the_o damage_n have_v not_o do_v it_o without_o counsel_n and_o assistance_n for_o even_o those_o other_o also_o if_o they_o have_v counsel_v and_o assist_v have_v be_v partaker_n of_o the_o sin_n and_o so_o oblige_v to_o reparation_n xi_o in_o what_o order_n they_o be_v bind_v but_o they_o be_v principal_o bind_v who_o by_o their_o own_o command_n or_o by_o some_o other_o mean_n do_v compel_v another_o to_o do_v the_o wrong_n but_o if_o they_o fail_v than_o he_o that_o do_v the_o fact_n and_o after_o he_o the_o rest_n every_o one_o that_o contribute_v aid_n or_o advice_n to_o the_o fact_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v reparation_n for_o the_o whole_a damage_n if_o the_o whole_a fact_n proceed_v from_o they_o though_o not_o from_o they_o alone_o xii_o the_o obligation_n extend_v to_o the_o damage_n that_o be_v consequent_a he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o fact_n be_v also_o guilty_a of_o all_o the_o evil_a consequence_n that_o ensue_v by_o reason_n of_o that_o fact_n seneca_n in_o one_o of_o his_o controversy_n handle_v this_o question_n put_v the_o case_n in_o one_o who_o set_v fire_n to_o a_o planetree_n burn_v thereby_o the_o house_n adjoin_v and_o give_v his_o opinion_n thus_o although_o thou_o do_v not_o intend_v thy_o neighbour_n so_o great_a a_o injury_n yet_o be_v thou_o bind_v to_o satisfy_v the_o whole_a as_o if_o thou_o have_v do_v it_o purposely_o for_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v innocent_a as_o to_o every_o part_n of_o the_o wrong_n do_v that_o will_v excuse_v himself_o by_o his_o imprudence_n ariarathes_n king_n of_o cappadocia_n damn_v up_o in_o wantonness_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n melanus_n cause_v the_o water_n to_o swelland_n rage_n with_o that_o violence_n that_o force_v its_o way_n into_o the_o river_n euphrates_n do_v so_o swell_v that_o river_n also_o that_o wash_v away_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o cappadocian_n land_n it_o do_v much_o harm_n to_o the_o inhabitans_fw-la of_o galatia_n and_o phrygia_n which_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o roman_n ariarathes_n be_v adjudge_v to_o pay_v they_o 300_o talent_n to_o satisfy_v the_o damage_n thereby_o sustain_v xiii_o a_o example_n in_o a_o homicide_n for_o example_n let_v these_o suffice_v first_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n unjust_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o charge_n of_o physician_n and_o surgeon_n if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v yea_o and_o to_o nourish_v all_o that_o depend_v upon_o the_o person_n kill_v for_o life_n and_o livelihood_n as_o parent_n wife_n child_n and_o to_o give_v satisfaction_n proportionable_a to_o the_o hope_n of_o that_o aliment_n consideration_n be_v have_v to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o person_n kill_v and_o to_o other_o circumstance_n as_o we_o read_v of_o hercules_n who_o the_o better_a to_o expiate_v the_o murder_n of_o iphitus_n who_o he_o have_v slay_v pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o his_o child_n for_o the_o wrong_n they_o sustain_v by_o their_o father_n death_n for_o as_o michael_n ephesius_n well_o observe_v what_o be_v so_o pay_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n pay_v to_o he_o that_o be_v kill_v we_o speak_v here_o of_o a_o unjust_a homicide_n i._n e._n of_o he_o who_o have_v no_o lawful_a power_n give_v he_o shall_v commit_v such_o a_o act_n of_o violence_n that_o occasion_n the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v wherefore_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v a_o right_a to_o do_v it_o but_o shall_v offend_v against_o charity_n as_o he_o that_o will_v not_o fly_v away_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o reparation_n the_o life_n of_o a_o freeman_n be_v unvaluable_a but_o otherwise_o of_o a_o servant_n who_o may_v be_v sell_v fourteen_o in_o he_o that_o maim_v another_o so_o he_o that_o have_v maim_v a_o man_n and_o deprive_v he_o of_o one_o of_o his_o limb_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v all_o charge_n and_o to_o satisfy_v he_o for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o limb_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v uncapable_a of_o make_v that_o improvement_n of_o his_o labour_n as_o otherwise_o he_o may_v have_v do_v but_o as_o i_o say_v before_o of_o the_o life_n so_o here_o i_o say_v of_o the_o limb_n of_o a_o freeman_n that_o they_o can_v be_v value_v the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v in_o case_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n xv._o in_o a_o adulterer_n so_o also_o the_o adulterer_n and_o adulteress_n be_v bind_v not_o only_o to_o save_v the_o husband_n harmless_a as_o to_o the_o child_n nourishment_n but_o to_o repair_v whatsoever_o damage_n the_o child_n that_o be_v legitimate_a shall_v afterward_o sustain_v by_o any_o share_n or_o portion_n that_o that_o child_n shall_v claim_v in_o the_o inheritance_n if_o a_o man_n shall_v either_o by_o force_n or_o fraud_n vitiate_v a_o virgin_n he_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v she_o so_o much_o as_o she_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o be_v damnify_v in_o her_o hope_n of_o marriage_n and_o if_o he_o obtain_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n by_o the_o promise_n of_o marriage_n he_o stand_v oblige_v to_o perform_v his_o promise_n xvi_o in_o a_o thief_n or_o robber_n and_o other_o a_o thief_n or_o robber_n be_v bind_v to_o restore_v the_o thing_n take_v away_o together_o with_o its_o natural_a increment_n and_o the_o ensue_a damage_n or_o the_o surcease_n of_o
samian_o after_o three_o age_n they_o injury_n do_v shall_v not_o be_v revenge_v but_o on_o those_o that_o do_v they_o from_o all_o which_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o memory_n of_o injury_n do_v we_o ought_v not_o to_o outlive_v the_o person_n that_o do_v they_o neither_o will_v those_o argument_n bring_v by_o plutarch_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o revenge_n take_v by_o god_n upon_o posterity_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o their_o ancestor_n serve_v to_o justify_v the_o like_a in_o man_n because_o there_o be_v not_o the_o same_o right_n between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o there_o be_v between_o god_n and_o man_n neither_o will_v it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o because_o our_o child_n do_v receive_v honour_n and_o reward_n for_o the_o virtuous_a act_n of_o their_o forefather_n therefore_o they_o may_v be_v just_o punish_v for_o their_o fault_n because_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o courtesy_n or_o benefit_n that_o it_o may_v be_v confer_v upon_o any_o man_n without_o injury_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o punishment_n be_v not_o so_o ix_o whether_o a_o man_n may_v partake_v of_o the_o punishment_n though_o not_o of_o the_o crime_n thus_o have_v show_v by_o what_o mean_v a_o man_n may_v partake_v of_o the_o punishment_n by_o be_v make_v accessary_a to_o the_o sin_n of_o another_o now_o we_o intend_v to_o show_v how_o a_o man_n may_v be_v involve_v in_o the_o punishment_n though_o he_o be_v no_o way_n accessary_a to_o his_o sin_n and_o here_o to_o avoid_v mistake_n and_o that_o we_o may_v not_o confound_v thing_n in_o their_o own_o nature_n distinct_a because_o they_o be_v alike_o in_o name_n we_o must_v walk_v cautious_o as_o to_o some_o particular_n x._o that_o which_o come_v direct_o distinguish_v from_o that_o which_o come_v by_o consequence_n as_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o that_o damage_n that_o be_v purposely_o and_o direct_o do_v and_o that_o which_o come_v by_o consequence_n that_o i_o account_v a_o wrong_n direct_o do_v when_o that_o be_v take_v away_o whereunto_o a_o man_n have_v a_o peculiar_a right_n and_o that_o i_o call_v a_o wrong_n do_v by_o consequence_n when_o a_o man_n be_v deprive_v of_o that_o which_o otherwise_o he_o may_v have_v have_v that_o condition_n cease_v without_o which_o he_o can_v have_v no_o right_a or_o title_n a_o example_n whereof_o ulpian_n give_v we_o thus_o if_o by_o dig_v a_o well_o in_o my_o own_o ground_n i_o cut_v off_o or_o intercept_v the_o spring_n that_o feed_v my_o neighbour_n well_o the_o damage_n he_o sustain_v be_v not_o occasion_v direct_o by_o any_o illegal_a act_n of_o i_o but_o by_o the_o lawful_a use_n of_o that_o wherein_o i_o have_v a_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a right_n as_o be_v my_o own_o and_o in_o another_o place_n there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o do_v of_o a_o injury_n and_o the_o prohibit_v a_o man_n to_o make_v the_o profit_n which_o he_o have_v hitherto_o be_v permit_v to_o make_v and_o it_o be_v very_o preposterous_a say_v paulus_n the_o lawyer_n to_o account_v ourselves_o rich_a before_o we_o have_v acquire_v those_o riches_n as_o when_o a_o father_n run_v into_o a_o praemunire_n by_o do_v that_o for_o which_o his_o estate_n be_v just_o confiscate_v his_o child_n may_v feel_v the_o loss_n it_o be_v true_a but_o the_o loss_n be_v not_o proper_o their_o punishment_n because_o the_o good_n can_v not_o proper_o be_v account_v they_o unless_o they_o have_v continue_v to_o have_v be_v their_o father_n to_o the_o hour_n of_o his_o death_n which_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o alphenus_n when_o he_o say_v the_o child_n indeed_o do_v suffer_v through_o the_o default_n of_o their_o father_n but_o that_o they_o do_v not_o inherit_v that_o which_o shall_v otherwise_o have_v descend_v unto_o they_o be_v not_o proper_o the_o child_n punishment_n but_o their_o parent_n but_o those_o good_n which_o accrue_v unto_o they_o not_o from_o their_o parent_n but_o either_o from_o nature_n custom_n or_o education_n do_v notwithstanding_o their_o father_n fault_n remain_v perfect_o they_o cicero_n write_v that_o themistocles_n his_o child_n suffer_v want_v nor_o do_v he_o think_v it_o unjust_a that_o lepidus_n his_o child_n shall_v do_v the_o like_a and_o this_o he_o affirm_v to_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n and_o observe_v in_o all_o city_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o late_a roman_a law_n have_v somewhat_o moderate_v so_o when_o through_o the_o default_n of_o the_o major_a part_n which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o represent_v and_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o whole_a offend_v and_o upon_o that_o account_n lose_v their_o civil_a liberty_n i._n e._n their_o wall_n port_n and_o other_o commodity_n those_o particular_a person_n who_o be_v innocent_a do_v indeed_o bear_v a_o equal_a share_n in_o the_o loss_n but_o yet_o in_o those_o thing_n only_o which_o appertain_v not_o unto_o they_o but_o as_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a xi_o what_o befall_v we_o by_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o crime_n distinguish_v from_o that_o which_o befall_v we_o because_o of_o the_o crime_n beside_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o sometime_o some_o evil_n be_v to_o be_v impose_v on_o a_o man_n or_o some_o good_a take_v from_o he_o by_o the_o occasion_n of_o another_o sin_n yet_o so_o that_o that_o sin_n be_v not_o the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o that_o action_n as_o to_o the_o very_o right_o of_o do_v it_o as_o he_o that_o pass_v his_o word_n for_o the_o debt_n of_o another_o suffer_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o debt_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o engagement_n according_a to_o our_o proverb_n a_o surety_n be_v a_o sure_a tie_n for_o as_o he_o that_o pass_v his_o word_n for_o a_o buyer_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o purchase_n but_o by_o his_o own_o free_a promise_n so_o he_o that_o undertake_v for_o a_o delinquent_n may_v suffer_v est_fw-la sponde_v noxa_fw-la praesto_fw-la est_fw-la not_o for_o his_o delinquency_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o vadimony_n or_o susception_n which_o as_o it_o be_v in_o his_o own_o free_a power_n to_o do_v or_o not_o to_o do_v so_o be_v do_v it_o shall_v no_o less_o oblige_v he_o than_o the_o offence_n do_v the_o delinquent_n now_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o be_v the_o power_n and_o freedom_n that_o every_o man_n have_v to_o oblige_v himself_o and_o therefore_o the_o measure_n of_o his_o suffering_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o heinousness_n of_o another_o fault_n but_o from_o the_o power_n he_o have_v to_o oblige_v himself_o the_o consequence_n whereof_o be_v that_o no_o man_n can_v just_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o be_v a_o surety_n for_o another_o who_o crime_n may_v happy_o deserve_v death_n because_o no_o man_n can_v just_o oblige_v himself_o beyond_o what_o be_v in_o his_o power_n but_o this_o power_n over_o a_o man_n life_n either_o to_o take_v it_o away_o from_o himself_o or_o to_o oblige_v another_o to_o take_v it_o away_o from_o he_o no_o man_n have_v and_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v just_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o reason_n of_o such_o a_o vademony_n and_o this_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o true_a opinion_n though_o it_o seem_v that_o not_o the_o ancient_a roman_n only_o but_o the_o grecian_n and_o hebrew_n also_o be_v of_o another_o mind_n who_o believe_v that_o even_o the_o surety_n also_o may_v just_o be_v adjudge_v to_o death_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o ancient_a story_n of_o damon_n and_o pythias_n and_o by_o those_o word_n of_o reuben_n to_o his_o father_n jacob_n 3._o jos_n ant._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o slay_v my_o two_o son_n if_o i_o bring_v he_o not_o back_o unto_o thou_o 42.37_o thou_o gen._n 42.37_o whereunto_o st_n augustine_n 14._o augustine_n ep._n 54._o ad_fw-la macedonium_n see_v lib._n 3._o c._n 4._o §._o 14._o allude_v where_o he_o say_v that_o he_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o another_o death_n be_v sometime_o a_o great_a sinner_n than_o he_o that_o kill_v he_o as_o when_o a_o malefactor_n leave_v his_o surety_n to_o suffer_v that_o lawful_a punishment_n which_o himself_o shall_v undergo_v as_o it_o fall_v out_o frequent_o with_o hostage_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o neither_o do_v this_o power_n of_o oblige_v a_o man_n self_n extend_v to_o mutilation_n for_o no_o man_n have_v such_o a_o power_n over_o his_o bodily_a member_n as_o to_o cut_v they_o off_o unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n but_o whatsoever_o any_o man_n have_v a_o full_a and_o absolute_a power_n over_o he_o may_v engage_v for_o another_o and_o if_o he_o suffer_v thereby_o it_o be_v not_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n but_o by_o way_n of_o equity_n which_o require_v that_o what_o be_v promise_v shall_v be_v perform_v thus_o a_o man_n may_v forfeit_v his_o estate_n his_o liberty_n his_o good_n
our_o reason_n approve_v to_o be_v honest_a or_o at_o least_o be_v so_o comparative_o to_o those_o that_o be_v oppose_v unto_o they_o though_o they_o be_v not_o enjoin_v we_o yet_o be_v say_v to_o be_v due_a by_o this_o natural_a law_n moreover_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o this_o natural_a law_n do_v not_o determine_v of_o such_o thing_n only_o as_o have_v no_o dependence_n upon_o man_n will_n but_o of_o many_o thing_n also_o which_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o mankind_n have_v already_o mould_v as_o it_o be_v into_o a_o law_n thus_o be_v dominion_n as_o now_o in_o use_n by_o common_a consent_n introduce_v as_o by_o a_o law_n but_o be_v introduce_v this_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v instruct_v we_o that_o to_o take_v away_o from_o any_o man_n that_o which_o be_v his_o own_o without_o his_o consent_n be_v impious_a and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o paulus_n the_o lawyer_n conclude_v theft_n to_o be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o vâ—pian_o that_o it_o be_v dishonest_a and_o julian_n tell_v we_o that_o after_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n there_o be_v a_o second_o law_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n holy_a julian_n julian_n and_o of_o divine_a extraction_n that_o enjoin_v we_o at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n to_o abstain_v from_o theft_n and_o rapine_n and_o that_o forbid_v we_o either_o in_o word_n in_o deed_n or_o in_o our_o most_o retire_a thought_n to_o mix_v or_o confound_v each_o other_o property_n .._o 3._o de_fw-fr off_z l._n 3._o for_o as_o cicero_n out_o of_o chrysippus_n well_o observe_v for_o any_o man_n to_o gain_v to_o himself_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o own_o lively_a hood_n be_v not_o unjust_a but_o to_o take_v it_o away_o by_o force_n from_o any_o other_o be_v not_o right_o euripides_n also_o condemn_v this_o as_o hateful_a to_o god_n himself_o námque_fw-la odit_fw-la ipse_fw-la vim_o deus_fw-la nec_fw-la divites_fw-la nos_fw-la esse_fw-la rapto_fw-la sed_fw-la probe_n partis_fw-la cupit_fw-la spernenda_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la pure_a veniat_fw-la copia_fw-la est_fw-la communis_fw-la aether_n hominibus_fw-la tellus_fw-la quoque_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la ampliare_fw-la cuique_fw-la sic_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la domum_fw-la ut_fw-la ab_fw-la alienis_fw-la rebus_fw-la ac_fw-la vi_fw-la temperet_fw-la for_o god_n himself_o hate_v force_v nor_o will_v that_o we_o grow_v rich_a by_o fraud_n but_o good_n get_v honest_o riches_n unjust_o gain_v we_o shall_v disdain_v the_o earth_n the_o air_n and_o eke_o the_o ocean_n main_fw-fr stand_v free_a to_o all_o each_o may_v his_o house_n maintain_v by_o these_o so_o that_o from_o rapine_n he_o abstain_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v so_o immutable_a that_o god_n himself_o can_v alter_v it_o nature_n god_n himself_o can_v alter_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o though_o the_o power_n of_o god_n be_v immense_a yet_o may_v something_n be_v say_v whereunto_o this_o great_a power_n do_v not_o extend_v itself_o because_o what_o be_v so_o say_v be_v say_v only_o but_o have_v no_o sense_n which_o can_v express_v the_o thing_n but_o they_o must_v contradict_v themselves_o as_o therefore_o that_o twice_o two_o shall_v not_o be_v four_o god_n himself_o can_v effect_v so_o neither_o can_v he_o that_o what_o be_v intrinsical_o evil_a shall_v not_o be_v evil_a for_o as_o the_o be_v of_o thing_n after_o they_o be_v and_o as_o they_o be_v depend_v not_o upon_o any_o other_o so_o do_v the_o propriety_n that_o necessary_o follow_v that_o be_v but_o such_o be_v the_o malignity_n of_o some_o act_n compare_v with_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v guide_v by_o right_a reason_n and_o therefore_o do_v god_n himself_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v judge_v of_o according_a to_o this_o rule_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o of_o abraham_n to_o god_n 18.25_o gen._n 18.25_o shall_v not_o the_o judge_n of_o all_o the_o world_n do_v right_o such_o a_o contradiction_n it_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o that_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n shall_v not_o do_v right_o that_o though_o it_o may_v be_v speak_v yet_o do_v the_o word_n though_o speak_v bear_v no_o sense_n but_o rather_o imply_v a_o manifest_a contradiction_n the_o like_a we_o may_v find_v in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n 6._o es_fw-ge 5.3_o ez._n 18.25_o â—er_n 2.19_o mich._n 6.2_o rom._n 2.6_o 3_o 6._o it_o sometime_o notwithwstand_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o these_o act_n concern_v which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v determine_v something_o there_o be_v some_o show_n or_o appearance_n of_o change_n which_o may_v easy_o deceive_v the_o unwary_a whereas_o indeed_o the_o change_n be_v not_o in_o that_o law_n which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v be_v immutable_a but_o in_o the_o thing_n about_o which_o that_o law_n be_v conversant_a as_o for_o example_n if_o he_o to_o who_o i_o owe_v a_o just_a debt_n shall_v free_o discharge_v i_o of_o it_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o pay_v it_o not_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v cease_v to_o command_v i_o to_o pay_v what_o i_o owe_v but_o because_o that_o which_o i_o do_v owe_v cease_v to_o be_v my_o debt_n be_v so_o discharge_v for_o as_o arrianus_n in_o epictetus_n right_o argue_v to_o make_v a_o just_a debt_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o the_o money_n be_v lend_v but_o it_o be_v require_v that_o the_o obligation_n remain_v uncancel_v so_o when_o god_n command_v any_o man_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n or_o his_o good_n to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o murder_n and_o theft_n do_v not_o thereby_o become_v lawful_a for_o these_o very_a word_n do_v imply_v sin_n and_o no_o sin_n can_v be_v lawful_a but_o those_o act_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o murder_n or_o theft_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o express_a command_n of_o he_o who_o be_v the_o sovereign_a lord_n both_o of_o our_o life_n and_o fortune_n last_o there_o be_v something_n justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o simple_o but_o so_o long_o as_o the_o condition_n of_o affair_n stand_v thus_o so_o till_o dominion_n be_v introduce_v the_o use_n of_o thing_n be_v natural_o common_a so_o before_o law_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v establish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o recover_v by_o force_n what_o be_v our_o own_o but_o not_o since_o xi_o natural_a instinct_n that_o distinction_n which_o we_o may_v read_v of_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v namely_o that_o this_o immutable_a law_n be_v either_o that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o man_n with_o beast_n which_o they_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o strict_a sense_n and_o that_o which_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o man_n only_a which_o they_o sometime_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v of_o very_o little_a use_n for_o nothing_o be_v proper_o capable_a of_o a_o law_n but_o that_o nature_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o make_v use_n of_o general_n precept_n which_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o hesiod_n when_o he_o say_v to_o man_n have_v god_n give_v law_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o but_o fish_n and_o beast_n and_o fowl_n that_o soar_v on_o high_a have_v no_o law_n do_v on_o each_o other_o prey_n but_o in_o good_a law_n do_v all_o our_o safety_n lay_v we_o say_v not_o of_o horse_n and_o lion_n m._n off._n lib._n 1._o vita_fw-la cat._n m._n say_v cicero_n that_o they_o be_v just_a neither_o as_o plutarch_n observe_v do_v we_o by_o nature_n make_v use_v of_o law_n or_o justice_n against_o any_o other_o creature_n but_o man_n among_o all_o other_o creature_n not_o endue_v with_o reason_n say_v lactantius_n nature_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v she_o own_o carver_n 5._o lib._n 5._o nocent_a aliis_fw-la ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la prosint_fw-la they_o destroy_v other_o to_o preserve_v themselves_o and_o in_o so_o do_v they_o be_v ignorant_a that_o they_o do_v amiss_o but_o man_n who_o have_v a_o faculty_n to_o discern_v good_a from_o evil_n wise_o abstain_v from_o hurt_v other_o though_o thereby_o he_o sometime_o incommodate_v himself_o 6._o lib._n 6._o polybius_n have_v declare_v upon_o what_o ground_n man_n at_o first_o enter_v into_o society_n add_v that_o when_o the_o rest_n see_v some_o man_n abuse_v their_o own_o parent_n and_o other_o behave_v themselves_o injurious_o towards_o their_o benefactor_n they_o can_v not_o choose_v but_o grieve_v at_o it_o whereof_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o mankind_n say_v he_o be_v endue_v with_o understanding_n and_o reason_n above_o all_o other_o creature_n it_o be_v not_o credible_a that_o they_o shall_v behold_v act_n so_o abhorrent_n from_o nature_n without_o express_v some_o sign_n of_o discontent_n so_o likewise_o chrysostom_n this_o we_o learn_v from_o nature_n herself_o 13._o â—e_z statuis_fw-la 13._o that_o when_o we_o see_v one_o man_n abuse_v another_o we_o can_v but_o sympathize_v with_o the_o injure_a person_n and_o swell_v with_o indignation_n against_o the_o
nature_n than_o the_o destruction_n of_o a_o enemy_n iv_o that_o war_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n then_o which_o may_v likewise_o be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o war_n be_v not_o to_o be_v condemn_v nor_o yet_o by_o the_o voluntary_a law_n of_o nation_n as_o history_n will_v sufficient_o instruct_v we_o wherein_o the_o law_n custom_n and_o manner_n of_o all_o people_n be_v faithful_o record_v nay_o by_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nation_n be_v war_n introduce_v say_v hermogenianus_n so_o he_o that_o write_v the_o life_n of_o man_n famous_a in_o their_o several_a age_n in_o that_o of_o the_o life_n of_o themistocles_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o it_o be_v by_o his_o advice_n that_o the_o athenian_n surround_v their_o city_n with_o wall_n which_o notwithstanding_o by_o the_o common_a right_n of_o all_o nation_n they_o may_v do_v whereby_o to_o defend_v their_o public_a and_o private_a god_n from_o the_o sury_n of_o their_o enemy_n yet_o whereas_o i_o say_v before_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n war_n be_v at_o the_o first_o introduce_v the_o word_n will_v as_o i_o conceive_v admit_v of_o a_o better_a sense_n than_o what_o at_o the_o first_o view_n they_o seem_v to_o import_v as_o namely_o that_o there_o be_v some_o certain_a form_n and_o ceremony_n introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n do_v give_v such_o and_o such_o peculiar_a effect_n to_o such_o war_n as_o have_v they_o whence_o arise_v that_o distinction_n whereof_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o make_v use_n between_o a_o war_n that_o be_v solemn_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o also_o be_v say_v to_o be_v just_a that_o be_v full_a and_o absolute_a and_o a_o war_n that_o be_v not_o solemn_a yet_o cease_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v just_a that_o be_v congruous_a to_o right_n for_o even_o other_o war_n so_o as_o the_o cause_n be_v good_a the_o law_n of_o nation_n do_v neither_o approve_v of_o nor_o yet_o impugn_v as_o shall_v be_v show_v more_o at_o large_a hereafter_o it_o be_v ordain_v as_o a_o law_n among_o all_o nation_n 43._o lib._n 43._o say_v livy_n that_o arm_n may_v be_v repel_v with_o arms._n with_o who_o agree_v florentinus_n it_o be_v general_o consent_v unto_o by_o all_o nation_n that_o we_o may_v forcible_o drive_v away_o all_o violence_n and_o wrong_n offer_v unto_o we_o whereby_o our_o life_n be_v endanger_v which_o justify_v all_o war_n that_o be_v mere_o defensive_a for_o as_o much_o as_o nature_n be_v much_o better_o please_v with_o its_o own_o preservation_n than_o with_o the_o destruction_n of_o enemy_n v._n nor_o to_o the_o voluntary_a divine_a law_n before_o christ_n but_o the_o main_a question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o divine_a voluntary_a law_n to_o make_v war_n and_o here_o if_o any_o shall_v object_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v immutable_a nothing_o can_v be_v decree_v by_o god_n himself_o contrary_a to_o it_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o be_v true_a in_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v express_o either_o command_n or_o forbid_v but_o not_o in_o such_o thing_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v only_o lawful_a only_a that_o be_v tolerate_v for_o such_o as_o these_o because_o they_o belong_v not_o proper_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o be_v without_o its_o jurisdiction_n objection_n answer_v may_v be_v either_o command_v or_o forbid_v the_o first_o objection_n that_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n against_o war_n be_v that_o law_n give_v to_o noah_n and_o his_o posterity_n gen._n 9.5_o 6._o 6._o gen._n â—_o 5_o 6._o where_o god_n speak_v thus_o sure_o the_o blood_n of_o your_o life_n will_v i_o require_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o every_o beast_n will_v i_o require_v it_o and_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o every_o man_n brother_n will_v i_o require_v the_o life_n of_o man_n whosoever_o shed_v man_n blood_n by_o man_n shall_v his_o blood_n be_v shed_v for_o in_o the_o image_n of_o god_n make_v he_o man_n some_o there_o be_v that_o will_v have_v the_o former_a word_n of_o require_v blood_n understand_v in_o the_o large_a sense_n and_o the_o latter_a word_n of_o shed_v blood_n they_o will_v have_v to_o be_v a_o commination_n and_o not_o a_o approbation_n but_o i_o like_v neither_o for_o the_o prohibition_n to_o shed_v blood_n be_v of_o no_o large_a extent_n than_o that_o in_o the_o moral_a law_n thou_o shall_v not_o kill_v which_o do_v neither_o prohibit_v a_o magistrate_n from_o put_v to_o death_n a_o obstinate_a malefactor_n nor_o do_v it_o forbid_v a_o lawful_a war_n neither_o do_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o so_o much_o enjoin_v any_o new_a thing_n as_o revive_v and_o proclaim_v that_o old_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o through_o evil_a custom_n have_v be_v almost_o deface_v where_o by_o kill_v and_o shed_v of_o blood_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v such_o a_o manner_n of_o put_v a_o man_n to_o death_n as_o imply_v some_o vice_n as_o by_o the_o word_n homicide_n or_o murder_n we_o understand_v not_o every_o put_v a_o man_n to_o death_n but_o the_o wilful_a destroy_n of_o a_o innocent_a person_n but_o that_o which_o follow_v concern_v the_o shed_n of_o blood_n for_o blood_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o i_o conceive_v not_o so_o much_o of_o the_o bare_a fact_n as_o of_o the_o right_a to_o do_v it_o which_o i_o thus_o explain_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v suffer_v as_o much_o evil_n from_o other_o as_o he_o have_v do_v unto_o other_o be_v not_o natural_o unjust_a according_a to_o that_o old_a rhadamanthaean_a law_n to_o suffer_v as_o we_o do_v be_v just_a and_o right_o that_o phalaris_n shall_v be_v torment_v in_o his_o own_o bull_n that_o he_o that_o intend_a mischief_n to_o another_o shall_v suffer_v the_o same_o mischief_n from_o another_o be_v justissima_fw-la patiendi_fw-la norma_fw-la as_o seneca_n speak_v the_o most_o equal_a rule_n of_o sufferance_n that_o can_v be_v ordain_v out_o of_o a_o deep_a sense_n of_o this_o natural_a equity_n it_o be_v that_o cain_n his_o hand_n yet_o reek_v in_o his_o brother_n blood_n past_o this_o sentence_n upon_o himself_o and_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o whosoever_o find_v i_o shall_v kill_v i_o 4.14_o gen._n 4.14_o but_o god_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o scarcity_n of_o man_n or_o because_o this_o sin_n be_v rare_o practise_v and_o so_o the_o less_o need_n of_o exemplary_a punishment_n to_o deter_v they_o do_v by_o a_o edict_n repress_v that_o which_o seem_v natural_o to_o have_v be_v lawful_a and_o adjudge_v the_o homicide_n to_o wander_v as_o a_o vagabond_n forbid_v all_o man_n to_o have_v any_o commerce_n or_o to_o make_v any_o contract_n with_o he_o yet_o will_v he_o not_o have_v his_o life_n take_v from_o he_o thus_o also_o do_v plato_n ordain_v among_o his_o law_n and_o that_o this_o punishment_n be_v much_o use_v among_o the_o ancient_a greek_n euripides_n testify_v in_o these_o word_n how_o wise_o do_v our_o ancestor_n decree_v that_o he_o that_o guilty_a be_v of_o blood_n shall_v flee_v far_o from_o commerce_n or_o sight_n of_o man_n that_o he_o punish_v by_o flight_n rather_o than_o death_n may_v be_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o thucydides_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o ancient_o small_a punishment_n be_v award_v to_o great_a crime_n but_o at_o length_n those_o be_v slight_v they_o proceed_v to_o death_n servius_n upon_o the_o first_o book_n of_o virgil_n descant_v upon_o these_o two_o word_n solvetis_fw-la luetis_fw-la say_v that_o these_o word_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o payment_n of_o money_n antiquorum_fw-la enim_fw-la poenae_fw-la omnes_fw-la pecuniariae_fw-la fuêre_fw-la for_o among_o the_o ancient_n all_o punishment_n be_v pecuniary_a the_o like_a we_o find_v in_o lactantius_n hitherto_o it_o be_v account_v impious_a to_o put_v man_n to_o death_n though_o never_o so_o wicked_a ground_v their_o conjecture_n upon_o that_o one_o notable_a example_n of_o cain_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o homicide_n shall_v be_v so_o punish_v whereupon_o it_o grow_v at_o length_n into_o a_o law_n so_o that_o lamech_v not_o long_o after_o have_v commit_v the_o like_a sin_n or_o rather_o if_o he_o do_v commit_v the_o like_a for_o moses_n his_o word_n will_v bear_v this_o sense_n yet_o by_o this_o one_o example_n promise_v to_o himself_o the_o same_o impunity_n gen._n 4.24_o nevertheless_o though_o before_o the_o flood_n in_o the_o age_n of_o the_o giant_n through_o the_o remissness_n of_o punishment_n man_n grow_v savage_a and_o outrageous_a kill_v each_o other_o like_o beast_n yet_o when_o after_o the_o flood_n the_o earth_n
king_n though_o wicked_a for_o certain_o he_o by_o who_o providence_n all_o king_n reign_n will_v pursue_v the_o regicide_n with_o vengeance_n inevitable_o to_o reproach_v any_o private_a man_n false_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n but_o of_o a_o king_n wicked_a king_n must_v not_o be_v revile_v much_o less_o kill_v though_o wicked_a we_o must_v not_o speak_v evil_a though_o he_o deserve_v it_o because_o as_o he_o that_o write_v the_o problem_n father_v upon_o aristotle_n say_v he_o that_o speak_v evil_a of_o the_o governor_n scandalize_v the_o whole_a city_n so_o joab_n conclude_v concern_v shimei_n as_o josephus_n testify_v shall_v thou_o not_o die_v who_o presume_v to_o curse_v he_o who_o god_n have_v place_v in_o the_o throne_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o law_n say_v julian_n be_v very_o severe_a on_o the_o behalf_n of_o prince_n for_o he_o that_o be_v injurious_a unto_o they_o do_v wilful_o trample_v upon_o the_o law_n themselves_o misopogoris_fw-la misopogoris_fw-la now_o if_o we_o must_v not_o speak_v evil_a of_o king_n much_o less_o must_v we_o do_v evil_a against_o they_o david_n repent_v but_o for_o offer_v violence_n to_o saul_n garment_n so_o great_a be_v the_o reverence_n that_o he_o bear_v to_o his_o person_n and_o deserve_o for_o since_o their_o sovereign_a power_n can_v but_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o general_a hatred_n therefore_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o their_o security_n shall_v especial_o be_v provide_v for_o this_o say_v quintilian_n be_v the_o fate_n of_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a of_o government_n that_o they_o can_v discharge_v their_o duty_n faithful_o nor_o provide_v for_o the_o public_a safety_n without_o the_o envy_n of_o many_o king_n the_o law_n be_v severe_a in_o the_o defence_n of_o king_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n be_v the_o person_n of_o king_n guard_v with_o such_o severe_a law_n which_o seem_v like_o draco_n to_o be_v write_v in_o blood_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o those_o enact_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o tribune_n whereby_o their_o person_n become_v inviolable_a among_o other_o wise_a say_n of_o the_o esseni_n this_o be_v one_o that_o the_o person_n of_o king_n shall_v be_v hold_v as_o sacred_a and_o that_o of_o homer_n be_v as_o notable_a his_o chief_a care_n be_v for_o the_o king_n that_o nothing_o shall_v endanger_v he_o and_o no_o marvel_n for_o as_o st._n chrysostom_n well_o observe_v if_o any_o man_n kill_v a_o sheep_n why_o 1_o tim._n 1._o and_o why_o he_o but_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o they_o but_o if_o he_o kill_v the_o shepherd_n he_o dissipate_v the_o whole_a flock_n the_o very_a name_n of_o a_o king_n as_o curtius_n tell_v we_o among_o such_o nation_n as_o be_v govern_v by_o king_n be_v as_o venerable_a as_o that_o of_o god_n so_o artabanus_n the_o persian_a them_o plut._n them_o among_o many_o and_o those_o most_o excellent_a law_n we_o have_v this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o best_a which_o command_v we_o to_o adore_v our_o king_n as_o the_o very_a image_n of_o god_n who_o be_v the_o saviour_n of_o all_o and_o therefore_o as_o plutarch_n speak_v nec_fw-la fas_fw-la nec_fw-la licitum_fw-la est_fw-la regis_fw-la corpori_fw-la manus_fw-la infer_v it_o be_v not_o permit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man_n to_o offer_v violence_n to_o the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n but_o as_o the_o same_o plutarch_n in_o another_o place_n tell_v we_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o valour_n be_v to_o save_v he_o that_o save_v all_o if_o the_o eye_n observe_v a_o blow_n threaten_v the_o head_n the_o hand_n be_v instruct_v by_o nature_n interpose_v itself_o as_o prefer_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o head_n whereupon_o all_o the_o other_o member_n depend_v before_o their_o own_o wherefore_o as_o cassiodore_n note_n pater_fw-la de_fw-fr pater_fw-la he_o that_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o life_n redeem_v the_o life_n of_o his_o prince_n do_v well_o own_o we_o be_v to_o prefer_v his_o life_n before_o our_o own_o if_o in_o so_o do_v he_o propose_v to_o himself_o the_o free_n of_o his_o own_o soul_n rather_o than_o that_o of_o another_o man_n body_n for_o as_o conscience_n teach_v he_o to_o express_v his_o fidelity_n to_o his_o sovereign_n so_o do_v right_a reason_n instruct_v he_o to_o prefer_v the_o life_n of_o his_o prince_n before_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o own_o body_n but_o here_o a_o more_o difficult_a question_n arise_v as_o namely_o whether_o what_o be_v lawful_a for_o david_n and_o the_o maccabee_n nothing_o whether_o david_n example_n and_o the_o maccabee_n be_v sufficient_a to_o justify_v christian_n in_o like_a case_n 1_o pet._n 4.12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 16._o christ_n advice_n be_v to_o flee_v where_o the_o duty_n of_o our_o call_n will_v permit_v but_o beyond_o that_o nothing_o be_v likewise_o lawful_a for_o we_o christian_n or_o whether_o christ_n who_o so_o often_o enjoin_v we_o to_o take_v up_o our_o cross_n do_v not_o require_v from_o we_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o patience_n sure_o where_o our_o superior_n threaten_v we_o with_o death_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o religion_n our_o saviour_n advise_v such_o as_o be_v not_o oblige_v by_o the_o necessary_a duty_n of_o their_o calling_n to_o reside_v in_o any_o one_o place_n to_o flee_v but_o beyond_o this_o nothing_o st._n peter_n tell_v we_o that_o christ_n in_o suffer_v leave_v we_o a_o ensample_n who_o though_o he_o know_v no_o sin_n nor_o have_v any_o guile_n find_v in_o his_o mouth_n yet_o be_v revile_v he_o revile_v not_o again_o when_o he_o suffer_v he_o threaten_v not_o but_o remit_v his_o cause_n to_o he_o that_o judge_v righteous_o nay_o he_o advise_v we_o to_o give_v thanks_o unto_o god_n and_o to_o rejoice_v when_o we_o suffer_v persecution_n for_o our_o religion_n and_o we_o may_v read_v how_o mighty_o christian_n religion_n have_v grow_v and_o be_v advance_v by_o this_o admirable_a gift_n of_o patience_n wherefore_o how_o injurious_a to_o those_o ancient_a christian_n who_o live_v in_o or_o near_o the_o time_n of_o either_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o or_o man_n true_o apostolical_a must_v needs_o be_v well_o instruct_v in_o their_o discipline_n and_o consequent_o walk_v more_o exact_o according_a to_o their_o rule_n yet_o suffer_v death_n for_o their_o faith_n how_o injurious_a i_o say_v to_o these_o man_n be_v they_o who_o hold_v that_o they_o want_v not_o a_o will_v to_o resist_v but_o rather_o a_o power_n to_o defend_v themselves_o at_o the_o approach_n of_o death_n sure_o tertullian_n have_v never_o be_v so_o imprudent_a nay_o impudent_a as_o so_o confident_o to_o have_v affirm_v such_o a_o untruth_n tertullian_n so_o tertullian_n whereof_o he_o know_v the_o emperor_n can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a when_o he_o write_v thus_o unto_o he_o if_o we_o have_v a_o will_n to_o take_v our_o private_a revenge_n or_o to_o act_v as_o public_a enemy_n can_v we_o want_v either_o number_n of_o man_n or_o store_v of_o warlike_a provision_n be_v the_o moor_n german_n parthian_n or_o the_o people_n of_o any_o one_o nation_n more_o than_o those_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n we_o though_o stranger_n yet_o do_v fill_v all_o place_n in_o your_o dominion_n your_o city_n island_n castle_n fort_n assembly_n your_o very_a camp_n tribe_n court_n palace_n senate_n only_o your_o temple_n we_o leave_v to_o yourselves_o for_o what_o war_n have_v not_o we_o always_o declare_v ourselves_o fit_a and_o ready_a though_o in_o number_n of_o man_n we_o have_v sometime_o be_v very_o unequal_a how_o come_v it_o then_o to_o pass_v that_o we_o suffer_v death_n so_o meek_o so_o patient_o but_o that_o we_o be_v instruct_v by_o our_o religion_n that_o it_o be_v much_o better_a to_o be_v kill_v than_o to_o kill_v cyprian_a also_o tread_v in_o his_o master_n step_n open_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n that_o christian_n be_v apprehend_v make_v no_o resistance_n nor_o attempt_v any_o revenge_n for_o injury_n unjust_o do_v they_o though_o they_o want_v neither_o number_n of_o man_n nor_o other_o mean_n to_o have_v resist_v but_o it_o be_v their_o confidence_n of_o some_o divine_a vengeance_n that_o will_v fall_v upon_o their_o persecutor_n that_o make_v they_o thus_o patient_a 5._o lib._n 5._o and_o that_o persuade_v the_o innocent_a to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o nocent_a so_o lactantius_n we_o be_v willing_a to_o confide_v in_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n who_o be_v able_a as_o well_o to_o revenge_v the_o contempt_n do_v to_o himself_o as_o the_o injury_n and_o hardship_n do_v unto_o we_o wherefore_o though_o our_o suffering_n be_v such_o as_o can_v be_v express_v yet_o do_v we_o not_o mutter_v a_o word_n of_o discontent_n but_o refer_v ourselves_o whole_o to_o he_o who_o judge_v righteous_o joshua_n lib._n 6._o qu._n 10._o in_o joshua_n and_o to_o the_o same_o tune_n sing_v st._n augustin_n when_o prince_n err_v they_o
a_o intestate_a to_o who_o it_o natural_o descend_v dominion_n be_v once_o introduce_v that_o which_o natural_o guide_v the_o succession_n to_o the_o estate_n of_o a_o person_n die_v intestate_a set_v aside_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v our_o conjecture_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o decease_a for_o see_v that_o the_o force_n of_o dominion_n be_v such_o that_o it_o may_v be_v transfer_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o right_a owner_n unto_o another_o therefore_o in_o case_n a_o man_n die_v possess_v of_o a_o estate_n leave_v nothing_o to_o testify_v his_o mind_n after_o his_o death_n because_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a that_o he_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o he_o that_o can_v next_o catch_v it_o therefore_o shall_v it_o succeed_v to_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o will_v have_v leave_v it_o have_v he_o live_v to_o have_v declare_v it_o defunctorum_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la intellexisse_fw-la pro_fw-la jure_fw-la est_fw-la say_v pliny_n junior_n to_o have_v understand_v the_o will_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v sufficient_a to_o create_v a_o right_n now_o to_o the_o dead_a this_o favour_n be_v indulge_v that_o in_o case_n that_o be_v doubtful_a it_o be_v presume_v that_o every_o man_n will_v do_v that_o which_o be_v most_o just_a and_o honest_a whereof_o in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v the_o payment_n of_o his_o just_a debt_n and_o in_o the_o next_o that_o which_o though_o not_o due_a yet_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o our_o duty_n and_o therefore_o what_o be_v commit_v to_o a_o man_n trust_n may_v be_v restore_v say_v paulus_n the_o person_n die_v intestate_a that_o trust_v it_o to_o those_o that_o succeed_v he_o because_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o his_o will_n be_v free_o to_o leave_v the_o lawful_a inheritance_n unto_o they_o iv_o whether_o parent_n do_v owe_v unto_o their_o child_n any_o part_n of_o their_o good_n it_o be_v much_o controvert_v by_o lawyer_n whether_o parent_n may_v be_v say_v to_o owe_v their_o child_n aliment_n some_o of_o they_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o natural_a reason_n but_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v a_o debt_n but_o we_o think_v it_o fit_v here_o to_o distinguish_v of_o the_o word_n debt_n which_o may_v be_v take_v either_o strict_o for_o that_o which_o by_o commutative_a justice_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v or_o large_o for_o that_o which_o can_v with_o honour_n or_o honesty_n be_v leave_v undo_v as_o be_v a_o duty_n arise_v from_o another_o spring_n but_o not_o from_o that_o of_o justice_n reason_n first_o reason_n now_o aliment_n be_v due_a to_o child_n if_o humane_a law_n do_v not_o otherwise_o determine_v of_o it_o in_o this_o loose_a sense_n in_o which_o i_o conceive_v that_o of_o val._n maximus_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v our_o parent_n by_o nourish_v we_o hâ—ve_v lay_v this_o obligation_n upon_o we_o to_o nourish_v our_o child_n and_o that_o also_o of_o plutarch_n in_o that_o most_o elegant_a oration_n of_o he_o concern_v the_o love_n of_o parent_n towards_o their_o child_n liberi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la debitam_fw-la expectant_a our_o child_n look_v for_o our_o estate_n as_o due_a unto_o they_o after_o our_o death_n so_o great_a be_v the_o equity_n of_o this_o reason_n lib._n 2._o de_fw-la vita_fw-la cler_n &_o ser_n 52._o ad_fw-la frat_fw-la in_o eremo_fw-la gratian._n c._n 13._o q._n 2._o etc._n etc._n 17._o q._n 4._o in_o fine_a pers_n l._n 1._o second_o reason_n that_o st._n augustine_n will_v not_o admit_v that_o the_o good_n of_o such_o as_o have_v exheredate_v their_o own_o child_n shall_v be_v receive_v by_o the_o church_n and_o as_o procopius_n in_o his_o persian_a war_n observe_v though_o humane_a law_n do_v in_o other_o thing_n extreme_o differ_v one_o from_o another_o yet_o all_o nation_n as_o well_o romans_z as_o barbarian_n in_o this_o agree_v that_o child_n shall_v succeed_v to_o their_o parent_n as_o the_o right_a owner_n of_o what_o they_o leave_v again_o qui_fw-la formam_fw-la that_fw-mi that_fw-mi quae_fw-la ad_fw-la formam_fw-la sunt_fw-la necessaria_fw-la he_o that_o give_v the_o form_n give_v thing_n necessary_a to_o that_o form_n say_v aristotle_n therefore_o he_o that_o give_v man_n his_o existence_n aught_o as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o provide_v for_o he_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o a_o natural_a and_o social_n life_n for_o hereunto_o he_o be_v bear_v there_o need_v no_o law_n to_o bind_v we_o to_o this_o duty_n for_o all_o other_o creature_n even_o by_o nature_n instinct_n do_v feed_v their_o young_a as_o pliny_n observe_v of_o swallow_n that_o with_o great_a equity_n they_o feed_v their_o little_a one_o by_o turn_n summa_fw-la aequitate_fw-la alternant_fw-la cibum_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o ancient_a civilian_n do_v refer_v the_o education_n of_o child_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o euripides_n comprehend_v all_o creature_n under_o one_o and_o the_o same_o law_n which_o say_v he_o be_v common_a as_o well_o to_o man_n among_o themselves_o as_o to_o they_o with_o all_o other_o sensible_a creature_n for_o that_o which_o natural_a instinct_n commend_v to_o they_o the_o same_o do_v reason_n prescribe_v unto_o we_o of_o such_o force_n be_v natural_a affection_n that_o it_o easy_o persuade_v we_o to_o nourish_v our_o child_n say_v justinian_n nature_n be_v a_o indulgent_a mistress_n to_o all_o live_a creature_n equal_o instruct_v they_o how_o to_o conserve_v not_o only_a themselves_o but_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v of_o they_o that_o so_o by_o this_o successive_a charity_n she_o may_v aspire_v to_o make_v herself_o immortal_a quintilian_n bring_v in_o the_o son_n claim_v a_o portion_n of_o his_o father_n estate_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n pâ—to_fw-la partem_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la pâ—to_fw-la and_o sallust_n condemn_v that_o testament_n as_o impious_a and_o unnatural_a by_o which_o the_o son_n be_v exclude_v from_o his_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n and_o because_o this_o be_v a_o debt_n that_o we_o owe_v to_o nature_n therefore_o be_v the_o mother_n bind_v to_o nourish_v the_o child_n that_o have_v no_o certain_a father_n bastard_n the_o roman_a law_n make_v no_o provision_n for_o bastard_n and_o though_o the_o roman_a law_n make_v no_o provision_n for_o child_n ex_fw-la damnato_fw-la legibus_fw-la concubitu_fw-la that_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o that_o by_o solon_n law_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v leave_v any_o thing_n to_o his_o natural_a issue_n yet_o do_v the_o canon_n of_o our_o religion_n correct_v the_o severity_n of_o these_o law_n by_o teach_v we_o that_o our_o child_n however_o beget_v by_o we_o shall_v be_v a_o part_n of_o our_o care_n and_o that_o in_o case_n it_o be_v needful_a they_o beyond_o necessary_n no_o man_n bind_v to_o provide_v for_o they_o we_o ought_v to_o leave_v they_o enough_o to_o preserve_v that_o life_n which_o we_o give_v they_o but_o beyond_o necessary_n be_v no_o man_n bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o provide_v for_o they_o neither_o be_v we_o bind_v to_o nourish_v our_o son_n only_o but_o those_o also_o that_o proceed_v from_o they_o yea_o even_o to_o the_o three_o generation_n according_a to_o justinian_n and_o that_o for_o humanity_n sake_n neither_o shall_v our_o charity_n rest_n here_o but_o it_o shall_v extend_v itself_o even_o unto_o those_o who_o issue_n out_o of_o our_o loin_n and_o be_v bear_v unto_o we_o by_o strange_a woman_n if_o they_o can_v otherwise_o be_v maintain_v v._o in_o succession_n the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o their_o parent_n and_o why_o child_n ought_v also_o to_o nourish_v their_o parent_n not_o only_o in_o obedience_n to_o many_o wholesome_a law_n but_o in_o common_a gratitude_n like_o the_o stork_n who_o when_o their_o parent_n be_v spend_v with_o age_n feed_v they_o and_o be_v faint_a receive_v they_o on_o their_o back_n and_o carry_v they_o from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o therefore_o in_o foster_a those_z who_o when_o we_o be_v child_n foster_v we_o we_o be_v proverbial_o say_v to_o imitate_v the_o stork_n 8._o stork_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d reverence_n to_o parent_n and_o sustenance_n to_o child_n nic._n 8._o solon_n be_v high_o commend_v for_o set_v a_o brand_n of_o infamy_n upon_o those_o that_o do_v it_o not_o yet_o be_v not_o this_o so_o ordinary_a as_o that_o which_o we_o have_v say_v of_o child_n because_o child_n when_o they_o be_v bear_v bring_v nothing_o into_o the_o world_n with_o they_o whereby_o to_o live_v and_o have_v probable_o a_o long_a time_n to_o live_v here_o than_o their_o parent_n have_v and_o as_o honour_v and_o obedience_n be_v proper_o due_a to_o parent_n and_o not_o to_o child_n so_o be_v sustentation_n due_a rather_o to_o child_n than_o to_o parent_n and_o thus_o be_v lucian_n to_o be_v understand_v when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n for_o
do_v even_o the_o balance_n and_o which_o he_o there_o call_v commutative_a but_o these_o require_v yet_o a_o more_o strict_a disquisition_n i_o say_v then_o that_o every_o punishment_n respect_v the_o good_a either_o of_o the_o person_n punish_v or_o of_o the_o person_n injure_v or_o of_o every_o man_n indistinct_o the_o first_o of_o these_o aim_n at_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o person_n punish_v and_o be_v call_v by_o philosopher_n sometime_o reformation_n sometime_o satisfaction_n and_o sometime_o admonition_n paulus_n the_o lawyer_n call_v it_o a_o punishment_n ordain_v for_o reformation_n and_o plato_n to_o teach_v we_o prudence_n plutarch_n the_o soul_n empiric_n whereby_o she_o be_v amend_v and_o make_v better_a as_o by_o physic_n which_o work_v by_o contrary_n for_o because_o all_o humane_a act_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v frequent_a and_o deliberate_a do_v beget_v a_o proneness_n in_o nature_n unto_o the_o same_o which_o at_o length_n turn_v into_o a_o habit_n therefore_o if_o such_o a_o act_n be_v vicious_a we_o must_v as_o soon_o as_o we_o can_v take_v away_o all_o allurement_n and_o provocation_n thereunto_o which_o can_v by_o any_o mean_v more_o proper_o be_v do_v than_o by_o allay_v the_o sweetness_n of_o the_o sin_n by_o the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o punishment_n the_o platonist_n as_o apuleius_n testify_v hold_v that_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n so_o severe_a as_o to_o go_v unpunished_a 3._o ann._n 3._o and_o tacitus_n will_v instruct_v we_o that_o the_o corrupter_n and_o the_o corrupt_a the_o sick_a and_o the_o distemper_a mind_n be_v to_o be_v restrain_v with_o no_o gentle_a medicine_n than_o be_v those_o very_a lust_n that_o inflame_v they_o and_o therefore_o as_o a_o tender_a mother_n imbitter_v the_o nipple_n when_o she_o wean_v her_o infant_n 2._o sen._n de_fw-fr ira_fw-la lib._n 2._o or_o as_o a_o skilful_a chirurgeon_n lance_v burn_v and_o scarify_v his_o patient_n who_o he_o intend_v to_o cure_v so_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o prudent_a magistrate_n corrigendo_fw-la mederi_fw-la to_o reclaim_v and_o reform_v a_o malefactor_n by_o sharp_a but_o seasonable_a punishment_n vii_o 1._o to_o the_o offender_n now_o the_o punishment_n that_o serve_v to_o this_o end_n may_v lawful_o be_v inflict_v by_o any_o man_n that_o be_v prudent_a and_o judicious_a and_o not_o guilty_a of_o the_o same_o or_o of_o the_o like_a fault_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v verbal_a only_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o that_o in_o plautus_n amicum_fw-la castigare_fw-la ob_fw-la meritam_fw-la noxiam_fw-la immune_fw-la est_fw-la facinus_fw-la verum_fw-la in_o aetate_fw-la utile_fw-la a_o friend_n to_o chide_v for_o what_o unjust_a appear_v be_v blameless_a sure_a but_o most_o in_o man_n of_o year_n but_o if_o it_o be_v by_o stripe_n or_o any_o other_o forceable_a mean_n then_o be_v it_o not_o equal_o lawful_a for_o every_o man_n yet_o do_v not_o this_o difference_n between_o person_n lawful_o or_o unlawful_o punish_v arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n neither_o indeed_o can_v it_o but_o that_o reason_n peculiar_o commend_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o this_o right_n to_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n because_o they_o be_v so_o dear_o affect_v towards_o they_o but_o from_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o man_n which_o to_o preserve_v love_n among_o neighbour_n and_o to_o prevent_v strife_n and_o discord_n do_v restrain_v this_o common_a duty_n and_o confine_v it_o to_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n as_o appear_v as_o well_o by_o the_o code_o of_o justinian_n under_o this_o title_n de_fw-fr emendatione_fw-la propinquorum_fw-la as_o elsewhere_o apposite_a hereunto_o be_v that_o of_o xenophon_n to_o his_o soldier_n if_o i_o shall_v strike_v any_o man_n for_o his_o good_a i_o confess_v i_o thereby_o deserve_v a_o punishment_n but_o no_o other_o than_o parent_n do_v from_o their_o child_n or_o master_n from_o their_o scholar_n for_o even_o physician_n sometime_o lance_n cup_n and_o scarify_v their_o patient_n when_o otherwise_o they_o can_v cure_v they_o god_n himself_o say_v lactantius_n command_v we_o to_o keep_v a_o strict_a hand_n over_o our_o child_n that_o be_v to_o chastise_v they_o as_o often_o as_o they_o transgress_v lest_o by_o overmuch_a fondness_n and_o indulgence_n they_o prove_v ill_o nurture_v and_o contract_n unto_o themselves_o vicious_a habit_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n never_o reach_v unto_o death_n because_o death_n take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o reformation_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o reduction_n whereby_o negative_n be_v reduce_v to_o their_o opposite_a positives_n 14.21_o mark_n 14.21_o as_o in_o that_o speech_n of_o our_o saviour_n it_o have_v be_v better_a for_o some_o that_o they_o have_v never_o be_v bear_v that_o be_v it_o have_v be_v less_o evil_a for_o they_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o incorrigible_a sinner_n it_o be_v better_o for_o they_o that_o be_v less_o evil_a for_o they_o to_o die_v than_o to_o live_v jamblichus_n de_fw-fr ira._n c._n 5._o interest_n pereuntium_fw-la ut_fw-la pereant_fw-la jamblichus_n and_o of_o such_o it_o be_v that_o seneca_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v that_o sometime_o it_o be_v good_a for_o they_o that_o die_v that_o they_o do_v die_v as_o when_o a_o tumour_n or_o imposthume_n be_v grow_v to_o suppuration_n better_o it_o be_v to_o burn_v a_o hole_n thereby_o to_o discharge_v part_n of_o that_o impostumate_v matter_n than_o long_a to_o imprison_v it_o so_o for_o a_o man_n that_o be_v past_a hope_n and_o desperate_o wicked_a it_o be_v better_a for_o he_o to_o die_v than_o to_o live_v for_o as_o plutarch_n speak_v of_o such_o they_o be_v noxious_a to_o other_o but_o most_o to_o themselves_o so_o galen_n when_o he_o have_v say_v that_o some_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n first_o to_o prevent_v the_o mischief_n they_o will_v do_v be_v they_o suffer_v to_o live_v next_o that_o by_o their_o death_n other_o may_v be_v forewarn_v add_v in_o the_o last_o place_n that_o it_o be_v expedient_a even_o for_o themselves_o to_o die_v be_v so_o whole_o corrupt_v in_o mind_n and_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o reclaim_v they_o some_o there_o be_v who_o think_v that_o st._n john_n speak_v of_o such_o man_n when_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sin_n unto_o death_n 1_o john_n 5.16_o 5.16_o 1_o john_n 5.16_o and_o st._n chrysostome_n speak_v of_o such_o say_v that_o they_o be_v like_o man_n irrecoverable_o sick_a so_o julian_n of_o constantius_n see_v that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o offence_n some_o that_o be_v corrigible_a as_o not_o despise_v the_o mean_n of_o their_o cure_n other_o of_o man_n desperate_o wicked_a and_o incorrigible_a for_o these_o the_o law_n have_v find_v out_o a_o remedy_n by_o death_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o wickedness_n not_o so_o much_o for_o their_o own_o as_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o other_o but_o because_o no_o argument_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o prove_v this_o but_o what_o be_v fallacious_a therefore_o in_o very_a charity_n we_o be_v not_o rash_o to_o judge_v any_o man_n case_n to_o be_v desperate_a and_o therefore_o this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n i_o mean_v by_o death_n be_v seldom_o inflict_v to_o this_o end_n namely_o for_o emendation_n viii_o to_o he_o against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v we_o some_o resemblance_n of_o this_o there_o be_v in_o some_o beast_n pliny_n record_v it_o of_o the_o lion_n that_o in_o poenam_fw-la adulterae_fw-la consurgit_fw-la he_o rise_v up_o to_o revenge_v himself_o of_o his_o adulteress_n nat._n hist._n 8._o 16._o three_o way_n to_o provide_v for_o one_o safety_n against_o he_o that_o have_v injure_v we_o the_o benefit_n that_o accrue_v by_o punishment_n unto_o he_o against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o it_o prevent_v the_o like_a mischief_n either_o by_o the_o same_o person_n or_o by_o other_o gellius_n out_o of_o taurus_n describe_v this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n thus_o when_o the_o authority_n or_o dignity_n of_o the_o person_n against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v be_v to_o be_v uphold_v and_o maintain_v then_o be_v the_o punishment_n necessary_a lest_o if_o it_o go_v unpunished_a that_o authority_n be_v hold_v in_o contempt_n and_o the_o honour_n lose_v now_o what_o be_v there_o say_v concern_v authority_n be_v also_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o liberty_n or_o of_o any_o thing_n else_o wherein_o we_o may_v claim_v a_o just_a right_n for_o he_o that_o suffer_v one_o injury_n to_o go_v unpunished_a do_v but_o invite_v another_o wherefore_o tacitus_n concern_v one_o of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n say_v well_o consuleret_fw-la securitati_fw-la justâ_fw-la ultione_fw-la he_o may_v have_v better_o provide_v for_o his_o own_o safety_n by_o a_o just_a revenge_n now_o to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o man_n may_v secure_v himself_o against_o he_o that_o have_v former_o injure_v he_o there_o be_v three_o mean_n first_o by_o put_v he_o to_o death_n that_o
nourishment_n and_o by_o and_o by_o he_o add_v what_o we_o have_v write_v of_o fox_n and_o other_o noxious_a serpent_n the_o same_o we_o suppose_v may_v be_v say_v of_o man_n whereunto_o he_o present_o subjoin_v furem_fw-la &_o latronem_fw-la qui_fw-la quocunque_fw-la modo_fw-la occiderit_fw-la sive_fw-la manu_fw-la sive_fw-la jussu_fw-la sive_fw-la suffragio_fw-la innocens_fw-la est_fw-la he_o that_o kill_v a_o thief_n or_o a_o murderer_n whether_o it_o be_v with_o his_o hand_n or_o by_o his_o command_n or_o suffrage_n be_v to_o be_v account_v innocent_a and_o to_o these_o place_n of_o democritus_n i_o suppose_v seneca_n have_v some_o respect_n in_o say_v 1._o sen._n de_fw-fr ira_fw-la l._n 1._o when_o i_o command_v a_o obstinate_a malefactor_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n i_o do_v it_o with_o the_o same_o mind_n and_o intent_n as_o when_o i_o command_v a_o noisome_a and_o venomous_a beast_n to_o be_v kill_v nay_o if_o i_o see_v a_o viper_n or_o a_o scorpion_n say_v philo_n though_o he_o attempt_v not_o to_o bite_v or_o to_o wound_v i_o yet_o will_v i_o kill_v he_o if_o i_o can_v lest_o he_o shall_v endanger_v i_o or_o some_o other_o by_o that_o malignity_n that_o be_v in_o he_o we_o will_v not_o kill_v fox_n wolf_n and_o the_o like_a ravenous_a beast_n can_v we_o but_o make_v they_o tame_v and_o serviceable_a and_o not_o be_v endanger_v by_o they_o so_o ne_fw-fr homini_fw-la quidem_fw-la nocebimus_fw-la quia_fw-la peccavit_fw-la sed_fw-la ne_fw-la peccet_fw-la neither_o will_v we_o hurt_v and_o destroy_v man_n because_o they_o have_v offend_v but_o because_o they_o shall_v not_o offend_v again_o but_o since_o as_o well_o the_o strict_a enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o every_o fact_n do_v often_o require_v great_a diligence_n as_o also_o the_o fit_v of_o each_o crime_n with_o its_o just_a punishment_n much_o prudence_n and_o equity_n lest_o whilst_o every_o man_n presume_v on_o his_o own_o sufficiency_n shall_v arrogate_v more_o unto_o himself_o than_o other_o will_v be_v content_a to_o grant_v he_o and_o thereby_o much_o strife_n and_o contention_n shall_v arise_v therefore_o it_o be_v unanimous_o agree_v upon_o that_o in_o all_o just_a society_n of_o man_n such_o shall_v be_v make_v choice_n of_o as_o they_o esteem_v to_o be_v the_o best_a and_o most_o prudent_a among_o they_o or_o at_o least_o who_o they_o hope_v might_n in_o time_n prove_v to_o be_v so_o who_o thâ—y_o call_v magistrate_n upon_o who_o by_o common_a consent_n they_o transfer_v all_o that_o right_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v to_o punish_v malefactor_n so_o the_o same_o democritus_n the_o law_n will_v never_o restrain_v we_o from_o live_v as_o we_o please_v but_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o man_n go_v about_o to_o wrong_v one_o another_o for_o envy_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o sedition_n but_o yet_o what_o be_v say_v before_o of_o private_a revenge_n the_o same_o may_v be_v here_o also_o say_v of_o public_a and_o exemplary_a judgement_n namely_o that_o there_o do_v yet_o remain_v some_o footstep_n of_o that_o ancient_a right_n in_o such_o place_n and_o among_o such_o person_n as_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o public_a judicatories_n yea_o and_o among_o such_o also_o as_o be_v so_o subject_a in_o some_o particular_a case_n as_o among_o the_o jew_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o kill_v he_o immediate_o who_o forsake_v god_n and_o his_o law_n 26._o deut._n 13.9_o numb_a 25._o 1_o macc._n 2.24_o 26._o or_o that_o seduce_v his_o brother_n to_o idolatry_n which_o the_o jew_n call_v the_o judgement_n of_o zeal_n which_o be_v first_o exercise_v by_o phineas_n and_o from_o he_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o custom_n thus_o mattathias_n and_o his_o five_o son_n fall_v upon_o a_o certain_a jew_n who_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o king_n command_n be_v sacrifice_v unto_o the_o heathenish_a god_n on_o the_o altar_n at_o modin_n and_o slay_v he_o as_o josephus_n inform_v we_o 2.24_o ant._n l._n 12._o c._n 4._o 1_o macc._n 2.24_o so_o we_o read_v of_o three_o hundred_o jew_n which_o be_v kill_v by_o their_o own_o countryman_n in_o that_o book_n which_o be_v vulgar_o call_v the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o maccabee_n this_o be_v the_o sole_a pretence_n that_o the_o jew_n make_v for_o their_o ston_a of_o st_n steven_n act_v 7.57_o and_o for_o their_o conspiracy_n against_o st_n paul_n act_v 23._o many_o other_o example_n we_o may_v find_v in_o josephus_n and_o in_o philo_n who_o in_o his_o book_n of_o sacrificer_n to_o idol_n say_v that_o such_o a_o man_n as_o shall_v so_o sacrifice_v 9_o ch._n 20._o sect._n 9_o shall_v be_v punish_v as_o a_o public_a enemy_n to_o all_o man_n be_v he_o never_o so_o near_o relate_v unto_o we_o and_o his_o motive_n and_o argument_n whereby_o he_o will_v persuade_v we_o to_o a_o defection_n from_o the_o true_a worship_n of_o god_n be_v to_o be_v publish_v unto_o all_o that_o love_v true_a piety_n that_o all_o man_n may_v immediate_o run_v from_o all_o place_n to_o take_v revenge_n upon_o that_o impious_a wretch_n be_v full_o persuade_v that_o the_o desire_n to_o kill_v such_o a_o man_n be_v a_o holy_a thing_n yea_o and_o in_o many_o nation_n this_o right_n do_v yet_o remain_v in_o master_n over_o their_o servant_n and_o in_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n to_o punish_v they_o even_o with_o death_n so_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o ephori_fw-la of_o sparta_n to_o put_v to_o death_n any_o of_o their_o citizen_n without_o judgement_n now_o from_o what_o have_v here_o be_v say_v we_o may_v clear_o understand_v what_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v concern_v punishment_n and_o how_o long_o it_o continue_v x._o what_o the_o evangelical_n law_n require_v as_o to_o this_o let_v we_o now_o inquire_v whether_o this_o liberty_n of_o punish_v or_o revenge_v a_o injury_n be_v restrain_v by_o the_o gospel_n and_o sure_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o say_v that_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v notwithstanding_o forbid_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n see_v that_o that_o law_n be_v the_o most_o perfect_a of_o all_o law_n and_o propose_v a_o reward_n far_o great_a than_o humane_a nature_n or_o than_o can_v possible_o be_v give_v by_o any_o other_o lawmaker_n for_o the_o obtain_n whereof_o there_o be_v deserve_o require_v such_o virtue_n as_o exceed_v those_o command_v by_o the_o sole_a law_n of_o nature_n 18._o vide_fw-la lactant._n de_fw-fr ira_fw-la dei_fw-la c._n 18._o those_o chastisement_n that_o leave_v behind_o they_o no_o brand_n of_o infamy_n nor_o last_a damage_n and_o be_v necessary_a for_o certain_a age_n and_o condition_n est_fw-la servorum_fw-la filiorúmque_fw-la peccata_fw-la non_fw-la coercere_fw-la peccatum_fw-la est_fw-la as_o for_o child_n and_o servant_n be_v no_o whit_n repugnant_a to_o the_o divine_a evangelical_n law_n especial_o if_o do_v by_o such_o as_o by_o humane_a law_n have_v a_o permission_n so_o to_o do_v as_o by_o parent_n tutor_n master_n etc._n etc._n which_o may_v easy_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o for_o these_o be_v the_o soul_n physic_n altogether_o as_o harmless_a as_o well-tempered_a potion_n though_o to_o the_o sense_n as_o unwelcome_a but_o as_o to_o revenge_v it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o as_o it_o only_o satisfy_v the_o mind_n that_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o wrong_n it_o suffer_v it_o be_v natural_o unlawful_a much_o less_o be_v it_o agreeable_a to_o this_o evangelical_n law_n as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v but_o the_o hebrew_n law_n do_v not_o only_o forbid_v to_o hate_v or_o bear_v any_o grudge_n against_o their_o brethren_n unlawful_a revenge_n as_o it_o proceed_v from_o a_o delight_n in_o the_o revenger_n natural_o unlawful_a that_o be_v against_o their_o own_o countryman_n leu._n 19.17_o but_o it_o command_v they_o to_o confer_v on_o they_o some_o common_a courtesy_n though_o they_o be_v their_o enemy_n exod._n 23.4_o 5._o now_o our_o saviour_n embowel_v this_o law_n and_o show_v that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o neighbour_n all_o mankind_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v do_v hereby_o convince_v we_o that_o we_o be_v not_o only_o restrain_v from_o hurt_v our_o enemy_n but_o that_o we_o be_v also_o command_v to_o do_v they_o good_a matth._n 5.44_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v permit_v to_o the_o hebrew_n to_o revenge_v some_o great_a injury_n do_v they_o though_o not_o by_o themselves_o yet_o by_o their_o judge_n but_o the_o evangelical_n law_n take_v away_o this_o licence_n also_o as_o be_v evident_a by_o that_o opposition_n that_o he_o put_v between_o the_o law_n and_o the_o gospel_n you_o have_v hear_v that_o it_o have_v be_v say_v a_o eye_n for_o a_o eye_n and_o a_o tooth_n for_o a_o tooth_n say_v christ_n but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o etc._n etc._n and_o
but_o that_o which_o be_v to_o come_v sure_o christ_n command_v we_o to_o forgive_v even_o this_o also_o first_o in_o case_n there_o appear_v any_o sign_n of_o repentance_n in_o the_o person_n offend_v luke_n 17.3_o 17.3_o luke_n 17.3_o and_o a_o plenary_a remission_n the_o apostle_n require_v ephes_n 4.32_o that_o be_v such_o a_o remission_n as_o restore_v the_o offender_n into_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o friendship_n wherein_o he_o be_v before_o the_o sin_n be_v commit_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o nothing_o aught_o to_o be_v exact_v from_o he_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n beside_o though_o there_o be_v no_o such_o sign_n of_o repentance_n yet_o if_o the_o damage_n we_o sustain_v be_v not_o very_o great_a no_o great_a than_o the_o loss_n of_o one_o coat_n christ_n by_o this_o precept_n restrain_v we_o from_o require_v any_o revenge_n at_o all_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v both_o plato_n and_o maximus_n tyrius_n the_o like_a do_v musonius_n profess_v of_o himself_o namely_o that_o for_o small_a reproach_n as_o a_o box_n on_o the_o ear_n etc._n etc._n he_o will_v neither_o sue_v any_o man_n at_o the_o law_n nor_o persuade_v any_o man_n so_o to_o do_v because_o such_o as_o these_o be_v much_o better_o forgive_v or_o dissemble_v but_o in_o case_n we_o can_v pass_v it_o by_o without_o give_v encouragement_n to_o great_a injury_n either_o to_o ouâ—_n self_n or_o other_o then_o we_o may_v provide_v for_o our_o own_o safety_n yet_o with_o the_o small_a damage_n we_o can_v to_o he_o that_o have_v provoke_v we_o talio_n the_o jew_n may_v buy_v off_o their_o talio_n for_o even_o the_o jew_n themselves_o as_o josephus_n tell_v we_o beside_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o hurt_n do_v whereof_o we_o have_v a_o distinct_a law_n exod._n 21.19_o do_v usual_o buy_v off_o their_o talio_n with_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n the_o like_a they_o do_v at_o rome_n as_o favorinus_n in_o gellius_n testify_v 1._o lib._n 20._o c._n 1._o so_o joseph_n the_o soft_a father_n of_o jesus_n believe_v his_o wife_n to_o be_v with_o child_n by_o adultery_n choose_v rather_o to_o dismiss_v she_o private_o than_o to_o expose_v she_o to_o shame_n and_o this_o he_o be_v say_v to_o do_v because_o he_o be_v a_o just_a man_n that_o be_v as_o st_n ambrose_n expound_v it_o a_o man_n free_v not_o only_o from_o the_o cruelty_n of_o revenge_n but_o from_o the_o severity_n of_o a_o accusation_n for_o as_o lactantius_n have_v before_o say_v 10._o vid._n infra_fw-la sect._n 15._o lib._n 6._o c._n 10._o a_o good_a man_n ought_v not_o to_o accuse_v any_o man_n of_o a_o crime_n that_o be_v capital_a thus_o justin_n martyr_n concern_v those_o that_o bitter_o accuse_v christian_n we_o say_v he_o will_v not_o have_v they_o punish_v for_o they_o be_v sufficient_o miserable_a in_o their_o own_o wickedness_n and_o in_o their_o ignorance_n of_o what_o be_v good_a last_o those_o punishment_n that_o be_v execute_v not_o for_o any_o private_a but_o for_o the_o public_a good_a either_o by_o kill_v or_o restrain_v the_o person_n nocent_a to_o deter_v other_o or_o to_o prevent_v future_a mischief_n be_v not_o forbid_v by_o christ_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o prove_v by_o a_o most_o irrefragable_a argument_n see_v that_o when_o he_o give_v those_o precept_n 10._o capital_a punishment_n not_o forbid_v in_o the_o gospel_n exod._n 21.14_o numb_a 33.14_o deut._n 29.13_o vide_fw-la aug._n qu._n evang._n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o he_o give_v also_o this_o testimony_n of_o himself_o that_o he_o destroy_v no_o tittle_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n which_o in_o these_o thing_n be_v certain_o in_o force_n so_o long_o as_o the_o jew_n have_v a_o commonwealth_n do_v peremptory_o enjoin_v the_o magistrate_n to_o punish_v capital_a offender_n with_o death_n and_o if_o christ_n precept_n can_v consist_v with_o moses_n law_n as_o it_o exact_v punishment_n even_o such_o as_o be_v capital_a certain_o they_o may_v consist_v as_o well_o with_o those_o humane_a law_n which_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n do_v require_v and_o inflict_v the_o same_o punishment_n to_o the_o same_o end_n josephus_n high_o extol_v the_o pharisee_n for_o their_o clemency_n and_o moderation_n in_o punishment_n whence_o arise_v so_o many_o exception_n in_o their_o law_n concern_v public_a punishment_n and_o this_o also_o among_o other_o that_o though_o the_o offender_n must_v certain_o be_v put_v to_o death_n keluboth_n talmud_n tit._n keluboth_n yet_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o death_n to_o be_v gentle_a and_o with_o the_o least_o of_o torment_n xi_o the_o argument_n from_o god_n mercy_n in_o the_o gospel_n answer_v yet_o some_o there_o be_v who_o in_o defence_n of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n do_v thus_o plead_v that_o god_n especial_o in_o the_o new_a covenant_n do_v declare_v himself_o to_o be_v full_a of_o mercy_n and_o forbearance_n which_o all_o christian_a man_n yea_o even_a magistrate_n as_o god_n vicegerent_n ought_v to_o imitate_v which_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n true_a but_o not_o in_o that_o large_a and_o unlimited_a sense_n as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o understand_v for_o that_o infinite_a mercy_n of_o god_n declare_v in_o the_o new_a covenant_n do_v principal_o respect_v those_o sin_n which_o be_v commit_v against_o the_o law_n give_v to_o adam_n and_o the_o son_n of_o noah_n or_o against_o those_o law_n give_v by_o moses_n before_o the_o publication_n of_o the_o gospel_n as_o will_v appear_v act._n 17.36_o rom._n 2.25_o act._n 13.38_o heb._n 9.15_o for_o those_o that_o be_v commit_v after_o especial_o if_o attend_v with_o contumacy_n and_o stubborness_n be_v threaten_v with_o judgement_n of_o another_o nature_n much_o more_o severe_a than_o those_o threaten_v by_o moses_n as_o heb._n 10.29_o matt._n 5.21_o 22_o 28._o neither_o be_v they_o threaten_v with_o judgement_n of_o the_o other_o life_n only_o but_o very_o often_o with_o judgement_n of_o this_o life_n as_o 1_o cor._n 11.30_o neither_o do_v he_o at_o any_o time_n indulge_v pardon_n to_o a_o sinner_n nisi_fw-la ipse_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la quasi_fw-la poenas_fw-la exigeret_fw-la unless_o he_o that_o sin_n do_v as_o it_o be_v inflict_v punishment_n upon_o himself_o 1_o cor._n 11.3_o and_o that_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o sorrow_n 2_o cor._n 11.27_o but_o here_o they_o far_o object_n that_o in_o imitation_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o magistrate_n shall_v not_o punish_v those_o at_o least_o that_o be_v penitent_a but_o to_o pass_v by_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o difficult_a thing_n for_o the_o magistrate_n to_o discern_v who_o be_v true_o penitent_a for_o if_o outward_a show_n and_o profession_n of_o penitence_n will_v be_v sufficient_a no_o man_n will_v smart_v for_o his_o sin_n we_o find_v by_o the_o example_n of_o king_n david_n that_o god_n do_v not_o always_o remit_v all_o kind_n of_o punishment_n no_o not_o to_o the_o penitent_a for_o though_o he_o do_v remit_v or_o abate_v of_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o he_o do_v not_o punish_v he_o with_o a_o violent_a or_o otherwise_o untimely_a death_n whereunto_o his_o sin_n have_v subject_v he_o yet_o whilst_o he_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v chastise_v with_o the_o rod_n of_o man_n it_o plain_o show_v that_o his_o mercy_n be_v as_o well_o see_v in_o the_o extenuation_n of_o punishment_n as_o in_o the_o total_a and_o absolute_a remission_n of_o they_o there_o be_v much_o of_o mercy_n and_o lenity_n in_o the_o mitigation_n of_o torment_n and_o lesser_a judgement_n deserve_v not_o the_o name_n of_o judgement_n when_o we_o know_v that_o we_o have_v deserve_v great_a even_o so_o now_o god_n may_v and_o undoubted_o do_v express_v his_o mercy_n to_o a_o sinner_n in_o remit_v the_o punishment_n of_o eternal_a death_n which_o every_o sinner_n do_v contract_n for_o his_o sin_n though_o he_o do_v visit_v he_o with_o a_o untimely_a death_n either_o immediate_o by_o himself_o or_o mediate_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o magistrate_n xii_o and_o that_o of_o deprive_v a_o sinner_n of_o the_o time_n of_o repentance_n but_o other_o there_o be_v again_o that_o urge_v that_o together_o with_o the_o life_n of_o a_o sinner_n all_o opportunity_n of_o repentance_n be_v quite_o cut_v off_o whereunto_o we_o answer_v that_o no_o man_n be_v so_o sudden_o snatch_v away_o but_o he_o be_v allot_v a_o certain_a time_n to_o make_v his_o peace_n with_o god_n and_o although_o he_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o make_v a_o real_a expression_n of_o his_o conversion_n by_o his_o life_n and_o conversation_n yet_o that_o god_n do_v sometime_o accept_v of_o the_o will_n for_o the_o deed_n in_o such_o case_n be_v most_o apparent_a by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o thief_n upon_o the_o cross_n and_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o object_v that_o a_o long_a life_n may_v haply_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n in_o the_o
perfect_a of_o this_o work_n of_o repentance_n in_o he_o i_o answer_v that_o god_n haply_o may_v as_o probable_o have_v receive_v as_o much_o dishonour_n in_o his_o recidivation_n or_o fall_v back_o to_o his_o accustom_a wicked_a course_n and_o so_o that_o of_o seneca_n may_v very_o fit_o be_v apply_v quod_fw-la unum_fw-la bonum_fw-la tibi_fw-la superest_fw-la representabimus_fw-la 15._o lib._n 1._o de_fw-la ira_fw-la c._n 16._o c._n 15._o mortem_fw-la that_o only_o good_a thing_n that_o thou_o be_v capable_a of_o we_o represent_v unto_o thou_o which_o be_v death_n and_o that_o also_o of_o the_o same_o seneca_n quo_fw-la uno_fw-la modo_fw-la possunt_fw-la desinant_fw-la esse_fw-la mali_fw-la there_o be_v no_o way_n leave_v for_o they_o to_o cease_v to_o sin_n but_o to_o cease_v to_o live_v whereunto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o which_o the_o same_o author_n say_v elsewhere_o talibus_fw-la ingeniis_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la exitus_fw-la remedium_fw-la est_fw-la optimumque_fw-la est_fw-la abire_fw-la ei_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la se_fw-la nunquam_fw-la reverturus_fw-la est_fw-la 10._o de_fw-fr benef._n l._n 7._o c._n 10._o death_n be_v to_o such_o the_o only_a remedy_n it_o be_v best_a for_o he_o to_o die_v that_o live_v without_o any_o hope_n of_o be_v cure_v let_v these_o therefore_o together_o with_o what_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o work_n suffice_v for_o answer_v to_o those_o who_o hold_v that_o either_o all_o punishment_n or_o at_o least_o such_o as_o be_v capital_a be_v without_o any_o exception_n prohibit_v unto_o christian_n the_o contrary_a whereunto_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o apostle_n who_o within_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o king_n include_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n as_o be_v the_o executioner_n of_o divine_a vengeance_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o pray_v that_o king_n may_v be_v make_v christian_n and_o that_o as_o king_n they_o may_v protect_v the_o innocent_a which_o in_o this_o general_a corruption_n and_o depravity_n of_o mankind_n even_o since_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gospel_n can_v be_v do_v unless_o by_o the_o death_n of_o some_o the_o impudence_n of_o other_o be_v repress_v see_v that_o all_o the_o public_a punishment_n that_o be_v every_o where_o inflict_v upon_o the_o guilty_a be_v not_o as_o yet_o find_v sufficient_a to_o guard_v or_o protect_v the_o innocent_a neither_o be_v it_o altogether_o impertinent_a to_o propose_v unto_o all_o christian_a magistrate_n the_o example_n of_o sabacon_n king_n of_o egypt_n for_o their_o imitation_n a_o man_n high_o fame_v for_o his_o piety_n by_o who_o all_o capital_a punishment_n be_v change_v into_o some_o servile_a work_n that_o be_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o that_o with_o good_a success_n 1._o lib._n 1._o as_o diodorus_n testify_v strabo_n relate_v the_o like_a of_o some_o nation_n inhabit_v about_o mount_n caucasus_n where_o say_v he_o they_o put_v no_o man_n to_o death_n although_o they_o offend_v never_o so_o high_o yea_o and_o among_o the_o roman_n no_o citizen_n be_v ever_o know_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n or_o punish_v with_o stripe_n after_o the_o porcian_a law_n be_v make_v unless_o for_o treason_n or_o be_v first_o condemn_v by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n neither_o be_v that_o of_o quintilian_n to_o be_v slight_v no_o man_n will_v doubt_v say_v he_o but_o that_o if_o a_o malefactor_n can_v be_v reclaim_v and_o become_v a_o new_a man_n as_o some_o such_o there_o may_v sometime_o be_v it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o he_o shall_v live_v than_o die_v it_o be_v observe_v by_o balsamon_n that_o those_o roman-law_n which_o condemn_a man_n to_o death_n be_v most_o of_o they_o change_v by_o the_o christian_a emperor_n into_o some_o smart_a punishment_n whereby_o both_o the_o condemn_a party_n be_v more_o sharp_o urge_v to_o repentance_n and_o other_o more_o affright_v by_o their_o last_a punishment_n nicetas_n record_v it_o 2._o see_v chap._n 24._o sect._n 2._o that_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o johannes_n comnenus_n no_o malefactor_n be_v at_o any_o time_n put_v to_o death_n and_o when_o some_o rant_a donatist_n have_v kill_v two_o catholic_n priest_n most_o barbarous_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o finger_n of_o one_o of_o they_o circumcelliones_fw-la grat._n l._n 23._o q._n 5._o circumcelliones_fw-la st_n augustine_n beseech_v count_n marcellinus_n not_o to_o punish_v they_o by_o that_o strict_a rule_n of_o retaliation_n whereby_o they_o shall_v suffer_v according_a to_o what_o they_o have_v do_v but_o that_o he_o will_v suffer_v they_o to_o live_v and_o to_o enjoy_v their_o limb_n yet_o to_o restrain_v they_o from_o the_o like_a outrage_n by_o some_o hard_a yet_o profitable_a labour_n or_o to_o reclaim_v they_o from_o their_o madness_n by_o some_o smart_a punishment_n for_o this_o also_o say_v he_o be_v call_v a_o condemnation_n and_o who_o understand_v not_o this_o to_o be_v as_o well_o a_o benefit_n as_o a_o punishment_n whereby_o neither_o be_v the_o reins_o let_v loose_a to_o licentious_a cruelty_n nor_o that_o wholesome_a physic_n withhold_v that_o shall_v work_v malefactor_n to_o repentance_n a_o house_n of_o correction_n strike_v more_o terror_n to_o a_o idle_a rogue_n than_o the_o gallow_n and_o to_o be_v chain_v to_o a_o oar_n than_o death_n itself_o xiii_o the_o imperfect_a division_n of_o punishment_n reject_v by_o that_o division_n which_o we_o have_v make_v of_o the_o end_n for_o which_o punishment_n be_v ordain_v it_o seem_v that_o somewhat_o be_v omit_v by_o the_o philosopher_n taurus_n out_o of_o who_o gellius_n say_v thus_o whensoever_o there_o shall_v appear_v in_o a_o malefactor_n great_a hope_n of_o reformation_n without_o punishment_n or_o no_o hope_n at_o all_o of_o his_o amendment_n or_o that_o there_o be_v no_o necessary_a cause_n to_o fear_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o person_n against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v shall_v be_v slight_v or_o contemn_v or_o that_o the_o sin_n be_v not_o such_o as_o require_v the_o impression_n of_o some_o necessary_a fear_n to_o preserve_v other_o from_o it_o then_o wherein_o soever_o it_o be_v that_o man_n offend_v it_o be_v not_o worth_a our_o study_n to_o inflict_v punishment_n for_o he_o seem_v thence_o to_o infer_v that_o punishment_n be_v needless_a if_o any_o one_o of_o these_o end_n be_v want_v whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a all_o these_o end_n must_v cease_v that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o punishment_n beside_o he_o omit_v this_o end_n namely_o when_o a_o incorrigible_a sinner_n 〈◊〉_d take_v away_o to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v not_o commit_v more_o or_o great_a sin_n and_o what_o he_o there_o say_v concern_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o person_n against_o who_o the_o sin_n be_v commit_v be_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o other_o damage_n which_o we_o may_v have_v just_a occasion_n to_o fear_v 21._o de_fw-fr clem._n lib._n 1._o c._n 21._o much_o better_a be_v that_o partition_n which_o seneca_n make_v in_o revenge_a injury_n say_v he_o the_o law_n look_v at_o three_o thing_n which_o every_o magistrate_n ought_v likewise_o to_o pursue_v namely_o that_o either_o he_o who_o we_o punish_v shall_v amend_v his_o life_n punish_v three_o end_n of_o punish_v or_o that_o by_o his_o punishment_n other_o shall_v be_v meliorate_v or_o that_o incorrigible_a malefactor_n be_v take_v away_o they_o that_o be_v innocent_a shall_v live_v more_o secure_o legatione_n in_o legatione_n the_o two_o former_a of_o these_o philo_n commemorate_v punishment_n ofttimes_o correct_v and_o amend_v a_o malefactor_n but_o if_o this_o fail_v it_o do_v certain_o meliorate_v those_o that_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o for_o many_o man_n be_v instruct_v by_o other_o man_n harm_n and_o grow_v more_o watchful_a over_o themselves_o by_o fear_n of_o the_o like_a suffering_n but_o in_o that_o division_n of_o seneca_n if_o by_o those_o that_o be_v innocent_a we_o understand_v as_o well_o those_o who_o may_v hereafter_o be_v injure_v as_o those_o who_o have_v already_o be_v injure_v we_o have_v a_o full_a and_o perfect_a partition_n especial_o if_o to_o those_o two_o word_n take_v away_o we_o add_v or_o suppress_v for_o both_o exile_n imprisonment_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o it_o be_v whereby_o a_o man_n be_v disable_v to_o do_v wrong_n may_v be_v hither_o refer_v but_o that_o distribution_n which_o seneca_n elsewhere_o make_v be_v more_o imperfect_a where_o he_o say_v that_o in_o punishment_n this_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o be_v inflict_v to_o reclaim_v those_o that_o be_v wicked_a other_o to_o take_v they_o away_o and_o yet_o that_o of_o quintilian_n be_v yet_o more_o imperfect_a that_o every_o punishment_n appertain_v not_o so_o much_o to_o the_o sin_n as_o for_o example_n fourteen_o not_o lawful_a for_o private_a christian_n to_o inflict_v capital_a punishment_n though_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n they_o may_v from_o what_o have_v
even_o these_o internal_a act_n as_o they_o have_v their_o influence_n upon_o the_o external_a act_n of_o the_o body_n have_v their_o estimation_n not_o proper_o of_o their_o own_o but_o as_o those_o external_a act_n deserve_v more_o or_o less_o punishment_n according_a to_o these_o internal_a one_o of_o the_o mind_n xix_o such_o as_o be_v inevitable_a to_o humane_a nature_n those_o act_n that_o be_v inevitable_a to_o humane_a nature_n be_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n for_o though_o nothing_o be_v impute_v to_o we_o as_o a_o sin_n but_o what_o have_v the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o will_n and_o be_v do_v free_o yet_o to_o abstain_v altogether_o and_o at_o all_o time_n from_o sin_n and_o over_o all_o temptation_n still_o to_o emerge_fw-la conqueror_n be_v above_o the_o strength_n and_o condition_n of_o humane_a nature_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o sort_n and_o sect_n of_o man_n have_v esteem_v it_o natural_a for_o man_n to_o sin_n as_o among_o philosopher_n sopater_n hierocles_n seneca_n among_o jew_n philo_n among_o historian_n thucydides_n and_o among_o christian_n very_o many_o have_v leave_v we_o their_o testimony_n upon_o record_n 14._o sen._n de_fw-fr ira_fw-la c._n 14._o there_o be_v no_o man_n to_o be_v find_v that_o can_v in_o all_o thing_n justify_v himself_o say_v seneca_n a_o little_a before_o he_o have_v say_v 9_o c._n 9_o among_o other_o the_o calamity_n that_o attend_v mortal_n this_o be_v one_o namely_o the_o darkne_v of_o the_o understanding_n which_o betray_v we_o not_o only_o to_o a_o necessity_n of_o err_a but_o to_o the_o love_n of_o error_n 17._o c._n 17._o and_o present_o after_o quis_fw-la ille_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la se_fw-la profitetur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la legibus_fw-la innocentem_fw-la who_o be_v he_o that_o can_v plead_v his_o innocency_n to_o all_o the_o law_n and_o in_o another_o place_n 8._o de_fw-fr clem._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o peccavimus_fw-la omnes_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o have_v all_o sin_v some_o more_o some_o less_o some_o intentional_o other_o haply_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o other_o or_o violent_o carry_v away_o by_o the_o lewdness_n of_o another_o some_o of_o we_o through_o levity_n not_o adhere_v to_o good_a counsel_n and_o some_o upon_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o danger_n lose_v our_o innocency_n though_o unwilling_o and_o not_o without_o some_o reluctancy_n neither_o do_v we_o sin_v only_o for_o the_o present_a but_o we_o will_v continue_v sin_v to_o our_o death_n and_o although_o a_o man_n do_v purge_v his_o conscience_n never_o so_o well_o so_o that_o nothing_o do_v either_o disturb_v or_o deceive_v he_o yet_o be_v it_o but_o by_o sin_v that_o we_o arrive_v at_o this_o innocency_n thus_o likewise_o belisarius_n in_o procopius_n not_o at_o all_o to_o sin_n fall_v not_o under_o the_o power_n of_o humane_a nature_n neither_o can_v our_o weakness_n bear_v it_o si_fw-mi puniendus_fw-la est_fw-la 3._o goth._n 3._o cuique_fw-la pravum_fw-la maleficumque_fw-la ingenium_fw-la est_fw-la poena_fw-la neminem_fw-la excipiet_fw-la if_o say_v seneca_n every_o man_n that_o be_v of_o a_o deprave_a nature_n be_v to_o be_v necessary_o punish_v no_o man_n will_v go_v unpunished_a to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o sopater_n he_o that_o will_v so_o punish_v as_o if_o he_o will_v have_v man_n altogether_o without_o fault_n must_v needs_o exceed_v the_o natural_a bound_n of_o correction_n of_o the_o same_o mind_n be_v diodorus_n siculus_n strict_o to_o observe_v whatever_o be_v do_v amiss_o and_o severe_o to_o punish_v every_o offence_n be_v a_o wrong_n do_v to_o humane_a frailty_n and_o to_o forget_v the_o weakness_n that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o mankind_n for_o as_o the_o same_o sopater_n say_v wise_o our_o lesser_a and_o as_o it_o be_v daily_o slip_v of_o infirmity_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v connive_v at_o than_o punish_v and_o indeed_o it_o may_v well_o be_v doubt_v whether_o such_o as_o these_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v sin_n because_o though_o we_o have_v freedom_n as_o to_o this_o or_o that_o sin_n to_o do_v it_o or_o not_o to_o do_v it_o yet_o not_o at_o all_o to_o sin_n in_o respect_n of_o our_o natural_a frailty_n be_v impossible_a every_o law_n then_o as_o plutarch_n in_o solon_n say_v shall_v command_v thing_n possible_a if_o it_o intend_v to_o punish_v a_o few_o profitable_o and_o not_o a_o multitude_n unprofitable_o some_o sin_n there_o be_v that_o be_v inevitable_a not_o simple_o to_o mankind_n in_o general_n but_o to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a person_n or_o to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a time_n or_o age_n by_o reason_n of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o temperament_n of_o the_o body_n strong_o incline_v the_o mind_n as_o seneca_n observe_v morum_fw-la varietates_fw-la mixtura_fw-la elementorum_fw-la facit_fw-la the_o variety_n that_o there_o be_v in_o man_n manner_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o various_a mixture_n of_o the_o element_n or_o by_o some_o overgrow_a custom_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v usual_o punish_v not_o so_o much_o for_o themselves_o as_o for_o some_o former_a error_n as_o either_o for_o neglect_v the_o remedy_n whereby_o they_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v or_o because_o those_o disease_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v voluntary_o contract_v lot_n daughter_n make_v he_o drink_v and_o then_o lie_v with_o he_o inebriaverunt_fw-la grat._n can._n 15._o q._n 1._o c._n inebriaverunt_fw-la but_o he_o know_v it_o not_o whereupon_o st._n aug._n pass_v this_o sentence_n on_o he_o that_o he_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v not_o for_o his_o incest_n but_o for_o his_o drunkenness_n xx._n nor_o those_o that_o be_v neither_o direct_o nor_o indirect_o destructive_a to_o humane_a society_n three_o neither_o be_v those_o sin_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n which_o be_v neither_o direct_o nor_o indirect_o against_o humane_a society_n or_o against_o any_o other_o man_n because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n assign_v why_o such_o offence_n shall_v not_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o be_v most_o wise_a to_o understand_v most_o righteous_a to_o perpend_v and_o weigh_v and_o most_o mighty_a to_o revenge_v and_o punish_v they_o wherefore_o all_o humane_a punishment_n as_o to_o such_o sin_n be_v plain_o unprofitable_a and_o therefore_o vain_a hence_o notwithstanding_o we_o be_v to_o except_v such_o punishment_n as_o tend_v only_o to_o reformation_n although_o haply_o it_o may_v no_o way_n concern_v other_o neither_o be_v those_o sin_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o such_o virtue_n as_o the_o law_n do_v not_o compel_v but_o persuade_v only_o and_o exhort_v we_o unto_o as_o those_o of_o mercy_n liberality_n gratitude_n etc._n etc._n seneca_n discuss_v this_o question_n whether_o the_o sin_n of_o ingratitude_n be_v punishable_a resolve_v it_o thus_o cum_fw-la res_fw-la honestissima_fw-la sit_fw-la refer_v gratiam_fw-la 7._o de_fw-fr benef._n lib._n 3._o c._n 6_o 7._o desinit_fw-la honesta_fw-la esse_fw-la si_fw-la necessaria_fw-la sit_fw-la since_o to_o be_v thankful_a be_v a_o thing_n eminent_o honest_a it_o will_v cease_v to_o be_v so_o be_v it_o necessary_a which_o he_o thus_o explain_v in_o the_o subsequent_a word_n for_o say_v he_o if_o to_o be_v unthankful_a be_v punishable_a no_o man_n will_v more_o commend_v a_o thankful_a man_n than_o he_o do_v that_o man_n that_o restore_v what_o be_v deposit_v with_o he_o in_o trust_n or_o that_o man_n that_o pay_v his_o just_a debt_n neither_o whereof_o can_v with_o honesty_n be_v detain_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o courtesy_n but_o debt_n which_o whoso_o willing_o pay_v we_o do_v not_o so_o proper_o commend_v as_o discharge_v he_o non_fw-la erat_fw-la res_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la gratum_fw-la esse_fw-la 23._o lib._n 4._o cont._n 23._o nisi_fw-la ingratum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la tutum_fw-la fit_n it_o be_v not_o so_o lovely_a so_o grateful_a a_o thing_n to_o be_v thankful_a if_o to_o be_v unthankful_a be_v not_o safe_a he_o that_o provide_v alimony_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n or_o that_o feed_v and_o pay_v his_o servant_n for_o their_o labour_n deserve_v not_o thereby_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v repute_v liberal_a or_o charitable_a because_o haply_o he_o do_v it_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o law_n which_o have_v power_n to_o force_v he_o to_o do_v it_o but_o he_o that_o relieve_v the_o poor_a clothes_v the_o naked_a redeem_v the_o captive_a we_o common_o magnify_v and_o extol_v for_o his_o charity_n 24._o contr._n l._n 4._o contr._n 23._o controu._n 24._o because_o these_o act_n depend_v whole_o upon_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o will_n and_o if_o he_o do_v they_o not_o no_o law_n can_v punish_v he_o so_o seneca_n the_o father_n thou_o will_v say_v unto_o i_o we_o be_v not_o where_o command_v to_o do_v this_o whereunto_o he_o answer_v huius_fw-la rei_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la immensa_fw-la est_fw-la itaque_fw-la nulla_fw-la vindicte_fw-la est_fw-la because_o the_o esteem_n of_o a_o grateful_a man_n be_v so_o precious_a for_o as_o
petty_a fault_n with_o rod_n of_o wire_n whereunto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o of_o cicero_n to_o brutus_n 1._o see_v to_o this_o purpose_n the_o speech_n of_o the_o melanois_n in_o guicc_n lib._n 17._o vid._n sup_v sect._n 11._o &_o lib._n 3._o c._n 11._o sect_n 1._o there_o be_v say_v he_o a_o moderation_n to_o be_v use_v as_o well_o in_o punish_v as_o in_o other_o thing_n and_o therefore_o papinianus_n call_v punishment_n the_o valuation_n of_o a_o crime_n and_o 2._o and_o leuct_v 2._o aristides_n say_v that_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o humane_a nature_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v bound_n prescribe_v beyond_o which_o revenge_n shall_v never_o stray_v in_o imitation_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o when_o he_o proceed_v to_o judgement_n be_v say_v to_o lay_v judgement_n to_o the_o rule_n and_o righteousness_n to_o the_o balance_n as_o if_o he_o will_v retale_v it_o as_o it_o be_v by_o weight_n and_o measure_n but_o demosthenes_n in_o his_o epistle_n for_o lycurgus_n child_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o such_o a_o equality_n as_o be_v bare_o in_o weight_n and_o measure_n but_o with_o respect_n have_v to_o the_o purpose_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o delinquent_n and_o then_o he_o conclude_v that_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o merit_n all_o sin_n may_v be_v punish_v more_o or_o less_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o punishment_n shall_v be_v think_v profitable_a xxix_o the_o impulsive_a cause_n of_o sin_n be_v to_o be_v respect_v and_o compare_v together_o in_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o crime_n three_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v examine_v first_o the_o cause_n that_o do_v provoke_v second_o the_o cause_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v restrain_v and_o three_o the_o fitness_n and_o capacity_n of_o the_o person_n to_o either_o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o there_o be_v doubtless_o some_o cause_n that_o move_v every_o man_n to_o evil_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o man_n wicked_a but_o for_o some_o end_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o man_n that_o love_v wickedness_n for_o wickedness_n sake_n only_o sure_o he_o be_v not_o so_o proper_o a._n man_n as_o a_o devil_n the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n be_v lead_v unto_o sin_n by_o their_o affection_n 1.15_o jam_fw-la 1.15_o so_o say_v st._n james_n lust_n conceive_v and_o bring_v forth_o sin_n where_o under_o this_o notion_n lust_n or_o appetite_n i_o comprehend_v also_o that_o vehement_a desire_n of_o decline_v every_o thing_n that_o may_v hurt_v we_o which_o of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o natural_a and_o so_o the_o most_o innocent_a ofttime_n a_o man_n be_v almost_o enforce_v upon_o a_o sin_n to_o avoid_v some_o present_a danger_n as_o when_o to_o avoid_v death_n imprisonment_n torment_n or_o extreme_a poverty_n he_o do_v some_o act_n of_o violence_n or_o injustice_n and_o then_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o evil_a that_o pursue_v he_o seem_v to_o render_v his_o sin_n the_o more_o excusable_a whereupon_o demosthenes_n infer_v that_o if_o a_o rich_a man_n be_v unjust_a he_o deserve_v double_o to_o be_v punish_v in_o respect_n of_o what_o he_o suffer_v for_o the_o like_a sin_n who_o be_v oppress_v with_o poverty_n for_o before_o such_o judge_n as_o have_v any_o sentiment_n of_o humanity_n the_o poor_a man_n necessity_n plead_v strong_o for_o pardon_n whereas_o they_o who_o surfeit_v with_o abundance_n sin_n mere_o out_o of_o wantonness_n can_v have_v no_o excuse_n at_o all_o for_o their_o wickedness_n thus_o do_v polybius_n excuse_v the_o acarnanae_n that_o to_o avoid_v that_o imminent_a danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o be_v enforce_v to_o break_v the_o article_n of_o their_o league_n with_o the_o grecian_n against_o the_o aetolian_n the_o more_o vehement_a the_o temptation_n be_v the_o more_o pardonable_a be_v the_o crime_n a_o woman_n of_o smyrna_n as_o gellius_n tell_v the_o story_n 17._o gell._n l._n 12._o c._n 17._o be_v convent_v before_o cn._n dolabella_n the_o proconsul_n of_o asia_n for_o poison_v her_o husband_n and_o his_o son_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o fact_n she_o confess_v allege_v that_o she_o have_v good_a cause_n so_o to_o do_v because_o her_o husband_n and_o his_o son_n have_v betray_v and_o murder_v she_o own_o son_n by_o a_o former_a husband_n be_v a_o young_a man_n innocent_a and_o of_o singular_a hope_n which_o fact_n be_v so_o clear_a that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v deny_v dolabella_n call_v a_o council_n but_o none_o dare_v pass_v sentence_n in_o so_o doubtful_a a_o case_n for_o the_o woman_n fact_n be_v confess_v they_o think_v ought_v not_o to_o go_v unpunished_a and_o yet_o the_o revenge_n she_o take_v for_o the_o murder_n of_o her_o son_n appear_v to_o be_v but_o just_a in_o conclusion_n dolabella_n send_v she_o to_o athens_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o areopagite_n as_o be_v the_o most_o know_a and_o experience_a judge_n of_o that_o age_n who_o upon_o a_o full_a hear_n of_o the_o cause_n adjourn_v the_o determination_n of_o it_o for_o a_o hundred_o year_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o neither_o acquit_v the_o woman_n of_o her_o crime_n against_o the_o law_n nor_o condemn_v she_o though_o guilty_a because_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o temptation_n plead_v for_o pardon_n the_o less_o of_o provocation_n a_o man_n have_v to_o do_v evil_a the_o great_a be_v his_o sin_n whence_o aristotle_n infer_v that_o the_o sin_n of_o incontinence_n be_v great_a than_o that_o commit_v through_o fear_n because_o it_o be_v more_o voluntary_a for_o what_o a_o man_n do_v out_o of_o fear_n be_v to_o preserve_v himself_o from_o destruction_n and_o in_o such_o a_o case_n there_o be_v a_o force_n upon_o the_o will_n 32._o see_v prov._n 6.30_o 31_o 32._o but_o lust_n be_v conceive_v within_o we_o and_o therefore_o have_v the_o more_o of_o evil_n because_o it_o have_v a_o large_a share_n of_o the_o will_n with_o who_o accord_v philo_n upon_o the_o decalogue_n all_o other_o vehement_a perturbation_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o assault_n of_o some_o outward_a temptation_n which_o seem_v to_o happen_v against_o our_o will_n only_o our_o lust_n because_o they_o be_v conceive_v within_o we_o can_v be_v impute_v to_o none_o but_o ourselves_o all_o sin_n say_v chrysostome_n merit_v not_o the_o same_o punishment_n but_o those_o deserve_v the_o great_a which_o may_v easy_a be_v resist_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o another_o place_n he_o infer_v that_o the_o slanderer_n be_v a_o great_a sinner_n than_o a_o fornicator_n a_o thief_n or_o a_o homicide_n because_o these_o may_v have_v vehement_a temptation_n but_o the_o slanderer_n none_o but_o his_o own_o will._n man_n do_v not_o despise_v a_o thief_n if_o he_o steal_v to_o satisfy_v his_o own_o soul_n when_o he_o be_v hungry_a but_o he_o that_o commit_v adultery_n with_o a_o woman_n lack_v understanding_n he_o that_o do_v it_o destroy_v his_o own_o soul_n prov._n 6.30_o 32._o all_o other_o appetite_n do_v tend_v to_o some_o good_a either_o real_a or_o imaginary_a those_o thing_n that_o be_v real_o good_a beside_o virtue_n and_o their_o action_n which_o can_v entice_v unto_o sin_n be_v always_o at_o peace_n among_o themselves_o be_v either_o delectable_a as_o pleasure_n or_o such_o as_o be_v desirable_a in_o order_n to_o thing_n that_o be_v delectable_a which_o we_o call_v thing_n profitable_a as_o abundance_n of_o all_o outward_a enjoyment_n those_o that_o be_v imaginary_a only_o and_o not_o real_o good_a be_v either_o the_o excellency_n that_o we_o think_v we_o have_v above_o other_o as_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o virtue_n and_o profit_n or_o revenge_n both_o which_o the_o more_o devious_a from_o nature_n they_o be_v the_o worse_o they_o be_v naturalia_fw-la desideria_fw-la finita_fw-la sunt_fw-la ex_fw-la falsa_fw-la opinion_n nascentia_fw-la ubi_fw-la desinant_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la our_o natural_a want_n say_v seneca_n be_v easy_o sum_v up_o but_o those_o that_o be_v ground_v upon_o a_o false_a opinion_n be_v infinite_a st_n john_n collect_v all_o the_o provocation_n to_o sin_n under_o these_o three_o head_n 2.16_o 1_o joh._n 2.16_o the_o lust_n of_o the_o flesh_n the_o lust_n of_o the_o eye_n or_o the_o pride_n of_o life_n the_o first_o whereof_o comprehend_v the_o desire_n of_o pleasure_n the_o second_o of_o profit_n the_o three_o of_o vainglory_n and_o anger_n and_o philo_n in_o his_o exposition_n of_o the_o decalogue_n derive_v all_o that_o be_v evil_a from_o the_o desire_n either_o of_o riches_n honour_n or_o pleasure_n 6._o lib._n 6._o and_o lactantius_n describe_v the_o office_n of_o virtue_n to_o consist_v in_o the_o suppression_n of_o our_o anger_n in_o bridle_v of_o our_o lust_n and_o in_o the_o moderate_n of_o our_o desire_n of_o riches_n for_o say_v he_o almost_o all_o our_o unjust_a and_o wicked_a action_n do_v arise_v from_o one_o of_o these_o affection_n which_o elsewhere_o he_o repeat_v xxx_o the_o cause_n restrain_v from_o sin_n the_o general_a cause_n that_o shall_v restrain_v we_o from_o
stripe_n and_o punishment_n as_o gregory_n bishop_n of_o rome_n write_v unto_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n and_o we_o may_v read_v of_o many_o french_a bishop_n who_o be_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o church_n condemn_v for_o call_v in_o the_o civil_a power_n against_o the_o priscillianist_n as_o sulpitius_n severus_n relate_v it_o and_o of_o a_o whole_a council_n in_o the_o east_n that_o be_v condemn_v because_o they_o consent_v to_o the_o burn_a of_o bogomilus_n it_o be_v therefore_o wise_o say_v of_o plato_n errantis_fw-la poena_fw-la est_fw-la doceri_fw-la if_o there_o be_v any_o punishment_n due_a to_o error_n it_o be_v to_o be_v instruct_v trag._n sen_n trag._n quis_fw-la nomen_fw-la unquam_fw-la sceleris_fw-la errori_fw-la dedit_fw-la who_o ever_o think_v it_o criminous_a to_o err_v it_o be_v very_o true_a what_o seneca_n say_v 14._o de_fw-fr ira._n lib._n 14._o no_o wise_a man_n ever_o hate_v those_o that_o err_v for_o if_o so_o he_o must_v necessary_o sometime_o hate_v himself_o he_o that_o be_v ignorant_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v ill_o treat_v nor_o accuse_v but_o it_o be_v fit_a he_o shall_v be_v instruct_v in_o that_o whereof_o he_o be_v ignorant_a chrysost_n chrysost_n and_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n high_o commend_v the_o emperor_n valentinian_n that_o he_o never_o persecute_v any_o man_n for_o his_o religion_n never_o command_v this_o or_o that_o to_o be_v adore_v nor_o incline_v the_o heart_n of_o his_o subject_n to_o enbrace_v his_o own_o manner_n of_o worship_n in_o case_n they_o dissent_v from_o it_o li._n but_o they_o that_o be_v open_o impious_a and_o profane_a against_o such_o as_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v god_n may_v be_v punish_v error_n in_o opinion_n concern_v the_o nature_n or_o worship_n of_o god_n be_v not_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o a_o just_a war_n but_o open_a impiety_n irreverence_n and_o profaneness_n towards_o any_o that_o be_v but_o acknowledge_v as_o god_n be_v deserve_o in_o all_o nation_n to_o be_v punish_v this_o among_o other_o be_v give_v as_o one_o cause_n of_o the_o peloponesian_a war_n between_o the_o athenian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n and_o of_o that_o war_n which_o philip_n of_o macedon_n make_v against_o the_o phocian_o who_o sacrilege_n be_v so_o execrable_a that_o as_o justine_n say_v 8._o lib._n 8._o orbis_n viribus_fw-la expiari_fw-la debuit_fw-la the_o whole_a world_n ought_v to_o have_v contribute_v to_o the_o expiation_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v st_n hierom_n observation_n upon_o the_o six_o of_o daniel_n that_o whilst_o the_o vessel_n remain_v in_o the_o idol_n temple_n at_o babylon_n the_o lord_n be_v not_o angry_a 16._o diod._n lib._n 16._o for_o the_o error_n be_v in_o the_o understanding_n and_o not_o in_o the_o will_n and_o affection_n though_o they_o err_v in_o their_o opinion_n concern_v god_n yet_o be_v those_o vessel_n employ_v to_o that_o use_n whereunto_o they_o be_v primary_o consecrate_v but_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o a_o common_a and_o profane_a way_n but_o the_o lord_n break_v out_o into_o a_o open_a revenge_n st_n augustine_n ascribe_v the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o their_o care_n of_o religion_n though_o a_o false_a one_o and_o lactantius_n seem_v to_o justify_v they_o in_o part_n because_o they_o have_v a_o zeal_n for_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n though_o not_o according_a to_o knowledge_n though_o they_o can_v not_o exact_o perform_v their_o duty_n yet_o they_o serve_v he_o sincere_o according_a to_o the_o light_n they_o have_v of_o he_o and_o as_o we_o say_v before_o by_o what_o god_n soever_o we_o forswear_v the_o sin_n be_v punish_v by_o the_o true_a god_n because_o we_o swear_v by_o it_o as_o god_n 7._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr 7._o c._n 7._o say_v seneca_n and_o it_o be_v our_o opinion_n of_o he_o that_o we_o swear_v by_o that_o oblige_v the_o true_a god_n to_o revenge_v it_o 6._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr lib._n 3._o c._n 6._o and_o in_o this_o sense_n we_o understand_v that_o also_o of_o seneca_n the_o punishment_n of_o such_o as_o profane_a religion_n may_v vary_v but_o in_o all_o place_n they_o be_v punishable_a and_o that_o also_o of_o plato_n 10._o de_fw-fr legib_n 10._o who_o will_v have_v all_o such_o as_o scoff_n at_o religion_n punish_v with_o death_n in_o like_a manner_n they_o that_o false_o assume_v unto_o themselves_o the_o name_n of_o prophet_n be_v deserve_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o agathias_n testify_v 5._o lib._n 5._o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o communication_n of_o punishment_n i._o how_o punishment_n may_v pass_v to_o those_o that_o partake_v of_o the_o sin_n ii_o that_o commonalty_n and_o their_o governor_n be_v punishable_a for_o the_o subject_n fault_n if_o they_o know_v of_o they_o and_o do_v not_o hinder_v they_o when_o they_o both_o ought_v and_o may_v do_v it_o iii_o likewise_o by_o receive_v those_o who_o have_v be_v criminous_a elsewhere_o iv_o unless_o they_o either_o punish_v they_o or_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o be_v punish_v illustrate_v by_o example_n v._o the_o right_n of_o suppliant_n belong_v to_o the_o unfortunate_a and_o not_o to_o the_o guilty_a with_o its_o exception_n vi_o suppliant_n be_v to_o be_v defend_v till_o their_o cause_n be_v know_v and_o by_o what_o law_n this_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v gain_v vii_o how_o subject_n may_v partake_v of_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o ruler_n or_o the_o member_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o how_o their_o punishment_n differ_v viii_o how_o long_o the_o right_n of_o punish_v may_v continue_v against_o a_o people_n ix_o whether_o a_o punishment_n may_v be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o as_o partake_v not_o of_o the_o fault_n x._o a_o distinction_n between_o that_o punishment_n that_o be_v inflict_v direct_o and_o that_o which_o come_v by_o consequence_n xi_o that_o which_o come_v by_o occasion_n of_o a_o fault_n distinguish_v from_o that_o which_o be_v inflict_v for_o the_o fault_n xii_o proper_o no_o man_n can_v be_v just_o punish_v for_o the_o fault_n of_o another_o xiii_o no_o not_o the_o child_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o their_o parent_n fourteen_o objection_n answer_v concern_v god_n deal_n with_o the_o child_n of_o guilty_a parent_n xv._o much_o less_o shall_v their_o punishment_n extend_v to_o their_o other_o relation_n xvi_o yet_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v deny_v unto_o these_o which_o otherwise_o they_o may_v have_v with_o example_n xvii_o neither_o can_v subject_n be_v proper_o punish_v for_o the_o default_n of_o their_o king_n xviii_o nor_o the_o dissent_v part_n for_o the_o crime_n of_o the_o major_a part_n xix_o the_o heir_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o the_o punishment_n of_o his_o ancestor_n as_o it_o be_v a_o punishment_n and_o why_o xx._n yet_o he_o shall_v if_o what_o be_v first_o inflict_v as_o a_o punishment_n do_v pass_v under_o another_o kind_n of_o debt_n i._o how_o by_o partake_v of_o the_o sin_n of_o another_o man_n we_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o his_o punishment_n so_o often_o as_o mention_n be_v make_v concern_v the_o communication_n of_o punishment_n either_o it_o concern_v those_o that_o be_v partaker_n of_o the_o sin_n or_o some_o other_o they_o that_o partake_v of_o the_o sin_n be_v not_o so_o proper_o punish_v for_o other_o man_n sin_n as_o their_o own_o and_o who_o they_o be_v that_o partake_v of_o other_o man_n sin_n may_v easy_o be_v understand_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v above_o concern_v the_o damage_n that_o be_v occasion_v by_o a_o injury_n do_v for_o by_o the_o same_o way_n almost_o whereby_o a_o man_n be_v make_v guilty_a of_o that_o damage_n by_o the_o same_o may_v a_o man_n be_v make_v guilty_a of_o another_o man_n sin_n and_o yet_o not_o always_o where_o there_o be_v a_o obligation_n to_o satisfy_v for_o the_o damage_n there_o be_v the_o same_o to_o satisfy_v for_o the_o offence_n but_o there_o only_o where_o there_o be_v the_o concurrence_n of_o some_o notable_a malignity_n whereas_o ofttimes_o any_o offence_n may_v suffice_v to_o oblige_v a_o man_n to_o satisfy_v for_o the_o damage_n give_v he_o therefore_o that_o command_v a_o wicked_a act_n to_o be_v do_v as_o david_n do_v joab_n concern_v vriah_n he_o that_o give_v his_o consent_n be_v require_v as_o saul_n be_v say_v to_o stone_n st_n steven_n because_o he_o give_v his_o consent_n unto_o it_o for_o by_o the_o law_n facientem_fw-la &_o consentientem_fw-la par_fw-fr poena_fw-la constringit_fw-la the_o same_o punishment_n be_v due_a to_o he_o that_o commit_v a_o crime_n and_o to_o he_o that_o consent_v to_o the_o commit_n of_o it_o they_o that_o aid_n and_o assist_v in_o the_o act_n do_v they_o that_o receive_v or_o conceal_v the_o matter_n or_o any_o other_o way_n participate_v of_o the_o crime_n so_o st_n hierome_n not_o only_o the_o thief_n himself_o parabolas_fw-la sup._n parabolas_fw-la but_o he_o that_o know_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v steal_v and_o where_o it_o be_v conceal_v it_o or_o
child_n answer_v it_o be_v not_o for_o you_o to_o know_v what_o i_o intend_v to_o do_v with_o they_o that_o you_o yourselves_o may_v perish_v the_o more_o uncomfortable_o but_o withal_o we_o must_v note_v that_o god_n do_v not_o use_v this_o severity_n but_o for_o such_o sin_n as_o be_v commit_v proper_o in_o the_o reproach_n of_o himself_o as_o for_o the_o sin_n of_o idolatry_n sacrilege_n perjury_n and_o the_o like_a neither_o do_v the_o grecian_n themselves_o think_v otherwise_o for_o all_o those_o sin_n which_o be_v thus_o visit_v on_o posterity_n which_o they_o call_v stupendous_a be_v of_o this_o sort_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whereof_o plutarch_n discourse_v excellent_o in_o his_o book_n concern_v the_o late_a revenge_n of_o god_n and_o in_o aelian_a we_o find_v a_o delphic_a oracle_n to_o this_o very_a purpose_n denoun_v against_o the_o sin_n of_o sacrilege_n at_o scelerum_fw-la fontes_fw-la divinum_fw-la persequitur_fw-la jus_o necpote_n vitari_fw-la non_fw-la si_fw-la genus_fw-la ab_fw-la jove_n ducant_fw-la sed_fw-la capiti_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la nascunter_n ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la imminet_fw-la inque_fw-la domo_fw-la cladem_fw-la subit_fw-la altera_fw-la clades_fw-la vengeance_n the_o guilty_a do_v from_o heaven_n attend_v which_o none_o can_v '_o escape_v though_o they_o from_o jove_n descend_v upon_o themselves_o and_o on_o their_o child_n all_o plague_n after_o plague_n throughout_o the_o house_n shall_v fall_v the_o like_a we_o have_v in_o libanius_n who_o speak_v of_o some_o sacrilegious_a person_n say_v whereof_o some_o have_v already_o be_v punish_v other_o not_o yet_o but_o none_o shall_v escape_v and_o not_o only_o they_o but_o their_o child_n child_n after_o they_o this_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o strabo_n and_o gellius_n in_o the_o story_n of_o the_o gold_n steal_v out_o of_o temple_n at_o tholouse_n concern_v perjury_n we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o like_a testimony_n above_o and_o concern_v idolatry_n we_o have_v a_o most_o pregnant_a example_n in_o jeroboam_n where_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o although_o god_n do_v thus_o threaten_v to_o visit_v the_o sin_n of_o parent_n upon_o their_o child_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o always_o do_v it_o especial_o if_o any_o spark_n of_o virtue_n appear_v in_o they_o or_o if_o the_o child_n do_v public_o declare_v his_o detestation_n of_o his_o father_n wickedness_n as_o andron_n pelaeologus_n do_v as_o be_v evident_a ezech._n 18._o and_o by_o divers_a example_n allege_v by_o plutarch_n in_o the_o place_n before_o recite_v and_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n where_o there_o be_v a_o clear_a discovery_n make_v of_o the_o punishment_n that_o attend_v we_o after_o this_o life_n than_o in_o any_o of_o the_o prophet_n yet_o be_v there_o no_o commination_n that_o extend_v beyond_o the_o person_n sin_v whereunto_o that_o of_o ezekiel_n have_v some_o respect_n though_o but_o obscure_o as_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o prophet_n at_o that_o time_n be_v now_o though_o god_n do_v sometime_o visit_v the_o sin_n of_o parent_n on_o their_o child_n yet_o be_v this_o no_o warrant_n for_o we_o to_o do_v the_o same_o neither_o can_v there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n because_o of_o that_o absolute_a power_n and_o dominion_n that_o he_o have_v over_o our_o life_n to_o take_v they_o away_o at_o his_o pleasure_n without_o any_o respect_n have_v unto_o our_o sin_n whereas_o man_n can_v have_v no_o such_o power_n but_o what_o our_o own_o crime_n give_v they_o and_o therefore_o as_o the_o sin_n so_o the_o punishment_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v beyond_o our_o person_n and_o therefore_o the_o very_a same_o law_n of_o god_n do_v express_o in_o another_o place_n forbid_v that_o either_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o the_o child_n or_o the_o child_n for_o the_o father_n deut._n 24.16_o which_o some_o of_o the_o pious_a king_n of_o israel_n do_v religious_o observe_v even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n as_o amasias_n do_v which_o law_n be_v high_o commend_v both_o by_o josephus_n and_o philo_n as_o isocrates_n do_v the_o like_a law_n among_o the_o egyptian_n and_o dionysius_n halicarnassensis_n the_o same_o among_o the_o roman_n neither_o the_o sin_n nor_o punishment_n of_o the_o father_n leave_v any_o guilt_n at_o all_o upon_o the_o child_n say_v calistratus_n out_o of_o plato_n for_o it_o be_v just_a that_o every_o fox_n shall_v pay_v his_o own_o skin_n unto_o the_o fleaer_fw-mi and_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v carve_v out_o his_o own_o fortune_n and_o no_o man_n answer_v for_o his_o sin_n before_o god_n by_o a_o attorney_n will_v any_o city_n say_v cicero_n endure_v such_o a_o law_n that_o shall_v condemn_v the_o son_n or_o nephew_n if_o the_o father_n only_o or_o the_o grandfather_n do_v offend_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_a grecian_a and_o egyptian_a law_n do_v forbid_v the_o put_n to_o death_n of_o woman_n with_o child_n as_o a_o act_n of_o injustice_n and_o cruelty_n xv._o if_o not_o child_n much_o less_o kinsman_n and_o if_o so_o then_o certain_o the_o law_n of_o the_o 10._o the_o dan._n 7.22_o justin_n l._n 10._o persian_n and_o macedonian_n adjudge_v to_o death_n all_o the_o kindred_n and_o relation_n of_o traitor_n that_o so_o they_o may_v the_o more_o dolorous_o perish_v as_o curtius_n speak_v be_v most_o cruel_a and_o unjust_a which_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n record_v as_o the_o severe_a of_o all_o law_n philo_z also_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v usual_a with_o tyrant_n to_o put_v to_o death_n together_o with_o the_o person_n so_o condemn_v the_o five_o family_n that_o be_v of_o near_a kin_n to_o they_o which_o execrable_a custom_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o among_o christian_n be_v a_o cruelty_n exceed_v any_o humane_a judgement_n xvi_o yet_o may_v child_n be_v deny_v something_n which_o otherwise_o they_o may_v have_v have_v but_o yet_o in_o case_n the_o child_n of_o such_o traitor_n may_v have_v or_o expect_v to_o enjoy_v any_o thing_n whereof_o the_o peculiar_a right_n be_v not_o in_o they_o but_o in_o the_o king_n or_o people_n it_o may_v be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o a_o certain_a right_n of_o dominion_n as_o it_o add_v to_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o offender_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o as_o plutarch_n observe_v the_o posterity_n of_o traitor_n be_v hold_v uncapable_a of_o honour_n as_o the_o child_n of_o such_o as_o be_v proscribe_v by_o sylla_n be_v among_o the_o roman_n so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o arcadius_n it_o be_v provide_v as_o a_o thing_n tolerable_a against_o the_o child_n of_o traitor_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o any_o honour_n or_o office_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n xvii_o nor_o be_v subject_n proper_o punish_v for_o their_o prince_n crime_n now_o what_o have_v be_v here_o say_v of_o child_n may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v of_o such_o people_n as_o be_v true_o subject_n if_o the_o question_n be_v put_v whether_o they_o may_v be_v just_o punish_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o their_o king_n or_o of_o their_o governor_n i_o mean_v not_o here_o in_o case_n the_o people_n shall_v give_v their_o consent_n thereunto_o or_o act_v any_o thing_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o prince_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o punishable_a but_o we_o treat_v of_o that_o contract_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o body_n whereof_o the_o king_n be_v the_o head_n and_o the_o subject_n the_o member_n for_o as_o to_o those_o that_o give_v their_o consent_n and_o assistance_n to_o the_o sin_n of_o their_o prince_n it_o be_v true_a what_o philo_n observe_v of_o pharaoh_n in_o abraham_n time_n that_o the_o whole_a family_n feel_v the_o smart_n of_o pharaoh_n sin_n because_o no_o man_n have_v indignation_n against_o so_o unjust_a a_o fact_n but_o all_o of_o they_o by_o commend_v it_o be_v as_o guilty_a almost_o as_o himself_o so_o josephus_n discourse_v of_o the_o judgement_n of_o jeroboam_n the_o people_n say_v â—e_n do_v likewise_o partake_v of_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o king_n sin_n for_o they_o also_o be_v to_o be_v expel_v that_o good_a land_n and_o to_o be_v scatter_v into_o foreign_a nation_n because_o they_o be_v his_o companion_n in_o the_o act_n of_o his_o sin_n but_o in_o case_n the_o people_n yield_v not_o their_o consent_n yet_o may_v they_o partake_v of_o the_o punishment_n by_o reason_n as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o connection_n that_o there_o be_v between_o they_o and_o their_o prince_n david_n number_v the_o people_n and_o his_o subject_n be_v consume_v by_o the_o pestilence_n david_n think_v this_o to_o be_v hard_a deal_n because_o he_o think_v the_o people_n innocent_a but_o god_n say_v the_o text_n be_v angry_a with_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o move_v he_o against_o they_o to_o say_v go_v number_v the_o people_n 2_o sam._n 24.1_o and_o then_o take_v occasion_n by_o this_o sin_n of_o david_n to_o punish_v the_o sin_n
blame-worthy_a as_o he_o that_o injure_v he_o yet_o be_v not_o such_o covenant_n to_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v as_o to_o engage_v we_o in_o a_o war_n if_o there_o be_v no_o just_a cause_n 36._o amb._n de_fw-fr off._n l._n 1._o c._n 36._o wherefore_o the_o lacedaemonian_n before_o they_o have_v make_v war_n against_o the_o athenian_n refer_v the_o justice_n of_o their_o cause_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o their_o confederate_n 34._o liv._o l._n 34._o so_o do_v the_o roman_n before_o they_o begin_v their_o war_n against_o nabis_n make_v the_o grecian_a city_n judge_n in_o their_o case_n so_o simler_n simler_n simler_n concern_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o swisser_n if_o the_o lord_n shall_v make_v war_n against_o any_o man_n and_o it_o be_v know_v that_o his_o cause_n be_v just_a or_o if_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o the_o vassal_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o assist_v his_o lord_n but_o if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o war_n be_v unreasonable_a then_o be_v the_o vassal_n bind_v only_o to_o defend_v his_o lord_n but_o not_o to_o offend_v another_o whereunto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o though_o the_o case_n of_o our_o confederate_n be_v just_a yet_o if_o his_o case_n be_v desperate_a why_o a_o confederate_n not_o to_o be_v assist_v in_o case_n his_o condition_n be_v desperate_a and_o why_o and_o that_o though_o we_o shall_v assist_v he_o with_o what_o force_v we_o can_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o a_o good_a end_n we_o be_v not_o then_o bind_v to_o aid_v he_o because_o all_o alliance_n be_v at_o first_o make_v for_o preservation_n but_o not_o for_o destruction_n yea_o and_o we_o may_v defend_v one_o of_o our_o confederate_n against_o another_o of_o our_o confederate_n unless_o we_o be_v by_o any_o article_n in_o a_o former_a league_n particular_o forbid_v it_o thus_o the_o athenian_n may_v have_v defend_v the_o corcyrean_o if_o their_o cause_n have_v be_v just_a against_o the_o corinthian_n their_o more_o ancient_a associate_n v._o for_o our_o friend_n next_o to_o our_o confederate_n our_o friend_n be_v to_o be_v assist_v to_o who_o aid_n though_o we_o stand_v not_o engage_v by_o any_o league_n or_o promise_n yet_o upon_o the_o score_n of_o common_a friendship_n we_o ought_v to_o contribute_v towards_o their_o assistance_n if_o we_o may_v do_v it_o with_o ease_n and_o without_o any_o inconvenience_n to_o ourselves_o thus_o abraham_n too_o up_o arm_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o kinsman_n lot_n and_o thus_o the_o roman_n farbad_v the_o pirate_n of_o antium_n to_o rob_v the_o grecian_n their_o friend_n and_o kinsman_n and_o thus_o we_o often_o read_v it_o of_o the_o same_o roman_n that_o they_o frequen_o either_o make_v war_n or_o at_o least_o threaten_a so_o to_o do_v not_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o their_o associate_n only_o to_o who_o they_o stand_v oblige_v but_o for_o their_o friend_n and_o neighbour_n also_o upon_o no_o other_o account_n but_o that_o of_o love_n and_o friendship_n there_o be_v a_o old_a oracle_n that_o serve_v to_o guide_v we_o in_o this_o case_n non_fw-fr open_a juvisti_fw-la praesens_fw-la in_o morte_fw-la sodalem_fw-la effabor_fw-la tibi_fw-la nil_fw-la nisi_fw-la templi_fw-la finibus_fw-la exi_fw-la vi_o for_o any_o man_n last_o we_o owe_v our_o assistance_n to_o all_o mankind_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o near_a conjunction_n that_o there_o be_v between_o we_o which_o alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o excite_v we_o to_o aid_v and_o to_o succour_v each_o other_o homo_fw-la in_o adjutorium_fw-la mutuum_fw-la generatus_fw-la est_fw-la man_n say_v seneca_n be_v bear_v to_o help_v each_o other_o and_o again_o 5._o cic._n de_fw-fr fin._n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr off._n l._n 2._o sen_n de_fw-fr ira._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o de_fw-fr clem._n 2._o 5._o a_o wise_a man_n will_v as_o oft_o as_o be_v can_v prevent_v misfortune_n according_a to_o that_o of_o euripedes_n what_o beast_n from_o rock_n servant_n from_o altar_n have_v city_n distress_v the_o like_a from_o city_n crave_v and_o indeed_o that_o fortitude_n that_o defend_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o weak_a and_o innocent_a be_v full_a of_o justice_n say_v st_n ambrose_n but_o of_o this_o we_o have_v treat_v above_o vii_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v omit_v if_o either_o it_o endanger_v ourselves_o or_o take_v away_o the_o invader_n life_n here_o also_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o for_o one_o man_n to_o defend_v another_o or_o for_o one_o people_n or_o nation_n to_o protect_v another_o from_o violence_n and_o wrong_a be_v a_o debt_n whereunto_o we_o stand_v bind_v plato_n in_o the_o four_o of_o his_o law_n affirm_v that_o he_o that_o do_v not_o repel_v violence_n offer_v to_o another_o if_o he_o can_v do_v it_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v the_o like_a provision_n be_v make_v both_o by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o egyptian_a law_n 1._o law_n diodor._fw-la l._n 1._o but_o this_o general_n will_v admit_v of_o some_o exception_n for_o in_o case_n we_o can_v do_v this_o without_o incur_v some_o manifest_a danger_n unto_o ourselves_o it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o nature_n that_o we_o abstain_v from_o attempt_v it_o for_o every_o man_n may_v prefer_v his_o own_o before_o the_o welfare_n of_o another_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n do_v that_o of_o cicero_n hold_v true_a he_o that_o do_v not_o defend_v another_o nor_o resist_v a_o injury_n when_o he_o can_v be_v as_o much_o to_o blame_v as_o he_o that_o desert_n his_o parent_n his_o country_n or_o his_o friend_n if_o he_o can_v that_o be_v with_o safety_n to_o himself_o for_o he_o himself_o in_o another_o place_n admit_v that_o some_o haply_o may_v he_o leave_v unprotect_a without_o blame_n sallust_n in_o his_o history_n give_v this_o wholesome_a advice_n let_v they_o say_v he_o who_o be_v in_o prosperity_n be_v about_o to_o engage_v themselves_o in_o a_o social_a war_n serious_o consider_v first_o whether_o they_o may_v then_o live_v in_o peace_n next_o whether_o the_o war_n they_o engage_v in_o be_v just_a safe_a honourable_a or_o otherwise_o inconvenient_a 15._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr l._n 2._o c._n 15._o succuram_fw-la perituro_fw-la sed_fw-la ut_fw-la ipse_fw-la non_fw-la peream_fw-la i_o will_v defend_v he_o say_v seneca_n that_o be_v ready_a to_o perish_v but_o so_o that_o i_o thereby_o perish_v not_o myself_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o rescue_v from_o death_n some_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n or_o to_o purchase_v some_o very_a great_a advantage_n unto_o either_o myself_o or_o my_o relation_n 8._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr lib._n 1._o c._n 10._o see_v book_n 2._o ch_z 1._o §._o 8._o bonum_fw-la etiam_fw-la impendio_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la mei_fw-la tuebor_fw-la a_o good_a man_n say_v he_o though_o with_o the_o hazard_n of_o my_o life_n i_o shall_v defend_v and_o if_o i_o can_v rescue_v a_o bad_a man_n from_o thief_n by_o my_o clamour_n and_o outcry_n i_o shall_v willing_o strain_v my_o voice_n to_o do_v he_o good_a but_o yet_o if_o that_o good_a man_n be_v so_o oppress_v that_o he_o can_v be_v relieve_v without_o the_o death_n of_o the_o 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