and som of the sword He was a king more desirous of battel then of banketting whose richesse consisted chefely in furniture of the warres and he was more conninge in getting and purchasing richesse then in keping And therfore for all that he pilled polled euery daye yet was he euer neady Mercy and falshode he loued a like He thought it no shame to purchase his desire how so euer he came by it so he might haue it Wher as he fauored he would make as though he wer displesed Suttle and captious was he to talke vnto promising more then he wold performe In deuising serious matters and in merye conceites connynge winning frendship for aduauntage and luker and not for faithfulnesse Wher he hated most there to pretend moost fauor and to sow discord betwene such as he knew agreed best together seking for thank with bothe parties he vsed as a solempne custome Furthermore his talke was meruelous eloquent and ful of sharpnesse and witty sayinges so that neither facility wanted to set out his plesant inuentions neither was his facility withoute ornate eloquens plesant deuises Unto him succeaded Alexander going beyond his father both in vertues and in vices First for their manner of conquest it was clean contrary one to a nother For this man atcheued his battels by open force the other by pollicy He reioysed to begile his ennemies thys man to vanquish them in open field The other was more prudēt in counsel but this man was of a more Princely and royall stomacke The father would oftentimes dissemble his anger and ouercome it but if this man were ones in a rage there was nothing but reuengement out of hande that should be done without all mesure or reason Both of them were geuen ouer muche to drinckyng of win◅ but in their dronkennesse they were not bothe of one disposition The father would customably from his meat run vpon his enemy fight hand to hande and vnaduisedly caste him selfe in daunger But Alexander would not outrage vpon hys ennemy but vpon his own men And therfore Philip returned oftentimes out of the battel wounded himself wheras this man oftentimes as a murderer of his owne frends at his table was faine to depart oute of company The father loued to raign among his frendes and to haue hys frendes raign with him The sonne would playe the tiraunt wyth his frendes The father had rather be beloued the sonne to be feared As for learning was a like in both of them The father was a man of more craft and pollicye but the sonne was more to be betrusted Phillippe was more modest in woordes and communication but Alexander more modest in his deedes The sonne was of a more gentle and honest nature and more prone to shewe mercy to thē that he had ouercome but the father woulde not abstaine so muche as from his owne confederates and partakers The Father was more geuen to frugalitye and the sonne more to ryotousnesse By the whyche meanes the father layde the foundation of the Monarchy of the whole worlde and the sonne to hys hygh renowne and glory finished the whole worke The tenthe Booke ARtaxerxes kinge of Persia had a C. xv sonnes by his concubines but he had no mo then iii. persons that wer begotten in lawfull wedlocke Darius Ariarates and Ochus Of these thre contrary to the custome of the Persians which are not wōt to chaūge their king onlesse he die the father of his gentlenesse during hys owne life made Darius king thinckynge that he had nothing the lesse him self for that that he bestowed vpon his sonne and that he should take the more ioye of the begetting him if he might in his life time beholde in his sonne the liuely representation of his own estate But Darius assone as his father had by euident profe newlye expressed his tender and louing affection towardes him began to deuise meanes howe to kill his father he had bene a wicked man if he had gone aboute to kill his father alone but so muche the more wicked was he in that he intised fifty of his brothers to consent to the killing of their father It is a monstruous thing that so hainous a murder shuld not only be consented to but also concealed in such a multitude of people that of fifty children there could not one be found whom either the fear of his fathers maiestye or the reuerence of his age or the earnest affection that he hadde shewed could withdraw or call backe from an outragious cruelty Was the name of father so vile amonge so manye sonnes in nomber that by whose defence he ought to haue bene preserued euen against his enemies euen by the treson of the same he should be surprised and be in more safety of his enemies then of his owne sonnes The cause of thys pretensed murder was more wicked then the murder it self For after the time that Cyrus was slaine in the warre that he made againste his brother as is before mentioned king Artaxerxes toke his concubine Aspasia in marriage Now Darius required his father to depart with her to hi like as he had don with the kingdom His father for y ◠loue he bare to him graunted at the first to do it anon after being striken with repentance to th entent he might honestly deny the thing he had rashly promised he made her chief priest to the sonne wherby she was bound to kepe her self chast from all men during her life The yong man beynge herewith prouoked to anger first fel at woords wyth hys father and immediatly after as he conspired with his brothers to work treson against his father he and al hys rable wer taken by the iust vengaunce of God the punisher of suche as rebell againste their fathers put to erecution for their prepensed murder And to th entent no impe nor slyp shuld remain of such a wicked race the wines and children of them all were in like wise put to death After thys Artaxerxes fell sycke for sorowe and died happyer in that he was a king then in that he was a father The inheritance of the kingdom was deliuered vnto Ochus who fearynge the like conspiracy replenished his pallace with the slaugh ter of his kinsfolk and of his noble men No consanguinity no sex no age could moue his hart to pity verelye for none other purpose then least men should accompt him more in nocent then his brothers that went aboute to slea their father And so hauinge as it were purified clensed his kyngdom he made warre to the Armenians In the whych one Codoman putting forth him self with y ◠fauor of al men to combate against one of the enemies that made a chalenge to fight hand to hand slue his enemy ▪ wherby he both won the victory also saued y e honor of his coūtry which laye in hasard to be lost For the which valiant enterprise y ◠same Codoman was
league with Agathocles by his ambassadoures and bad conditioned with him that when the Carthaginenses were ones ouercome Agathocles should take thempire of Sicil and he thempire of Affrick Therfore when Tphel las was come with a great host to aid him in the warres Agathocles entertaining him with fair words and counterfet curtesy very lowly and humbly because Ophellas had adopted him his sonne after they had manye times often dined and supped together he slewe him vnwares and entring vpon his armye in an other sore encounter vanquished the Carthaginenses nowe comminge to the fielde withal the power and furniture they were hable to make not without great slaughter and bludshed on both partes Through the discomfiture of this ouerthrow the Carthaginenses wer brought to such an after deale that if there had not risen a mutiny in Agathocles camp Bomilcar the captaine of the Carthaginenses had wyth hys army reuolted vnto him For the whiche offence the Carthagi nailed him vpon a crosse in the mids of the market place to th entent that the same place might be a monument and remembraÌ„ce of his punishment whiche had befâ—…re times bene an aduauncement of his honor But Bomilcar toke very stoutlye the cruelty of his country in so muche that from the toppe of the crosse as if it had beene from the iudgement seate he preched against the wickednesse of his citizens obiectynge to them somtime their vnrightfull entrapping of Hanno vpon malice and enuy falsely surmising that he went about to make himself king someitme the banishment of innocent Gysgo without cause why sometime theyr seacrete verdits against his vncle Hamilcar because he sought to make Agathocles their frende rather then theyr enemy WheÌ„ he had vttred these things with a loud voyce in a great audiens of people he gaue vp the ghost In the meane season Agathocles hauing put his enemies to the worse in Affricke deliuering the charge of his host to his sonne Archagathus returned himself with spede into Sicill thincking that all that euer he had doone in Aâ—…ricke was to no purpose if Syracuse were still beâ—…ieged For after that Hamilcar the sonne of Gâ—…go was slayne the Carthaginenses sent thither a new hoste of men Therfore assoone as Agathocles was come into Sicil all the cities hearing of his doings in Affâ—…icke yelded them selues to him who mighte yelde fasâ—…est by meanes wherof haâ—…ing driuen the Carthaginenses out of Sicill he toke vppon him as kingdome of all the whole Ilande When he came into Affrick again his souldiours welcomed him with a mutiny For his sonne had delayed y â— paiment of their wages vntill the comming of his father Wherfore he called them before him and entreted them with gentle words saying they ought not to demauÌ„d wa ges at his hand but to seke it at their ennemies hand for as the victory shuld extend to thâ—…m al so the pray shuld be common to them all in likewise Desiringe them to playe the men and take pain a litle while vntil the remnant of the warres wer dispatched considering they knew wel â—…nough y â— if Carthage were ones taken it were able to satisfy al their desires w t more then they could â—…ope for Ha uing thus appeased the vprour in his caÌ„pe within a fewe daies after he led his army to the camp of his ennemies There by setting vpon them vnaduisedly be lost the grea ter part of his army Being therfore retired into his caÌ„pe when he perceiued howe his souâ—…diers grudged maligued at him for aduenturing so rashly vâ—…aduisedlye fearing moreouer thold displesure for nonpaimeÌ„t oâ—… their wa ges â–ª in the dead of the night he fled out of the campe taking no mo with him but onlye his sonne Archagathus The which thing wheÌ„ his souldiers vnderstode they qua ked for fear as if they had bene taken prisoners by theyr enemies crying out that their king had now twise forsaken theÌ„ in the mids of their enemies and that he had left theÌ„ in danger of their liues whome he ought not to haue left vnburied As they would haue pursued the king they wer stopped by the Minidians and so returned into their caÌ„pâ—… hauing taken archagathus who had lost hys father by reason of the darknesse of the night agathocles in the same ships that he came in out of Sicil with suche as he had left in them to kepe them was transported vnto Syracuse a singuler example of wickednesse a kyng to be a forsaker of his own army and a father to be a betrayer of his own children In the meane time in affrike after the flying away of the king his souldiours falling to composition with their ennemies slue agathocles sonnes yelded theÌ„ selues to the Carthaginenses archagathus when he shuld be put to deth by arcesâ—…laus one that before time had bene his fathers frend asked him what he thought agathocles woulde doo to his children by whome he was made childelesse Then he answered it was inoughâ—… for him that he knewe they were a liue after the children of agathocles after this the Carthaginenies sent captains into Sicil to pursue the remnaunt of the war with whoÌ„e agathocles made peace vpon indifferent articles ¶ The. xxiii Booke AGathocles king of Sicil hauynge made peace with the Carthaginienses subdued certaine of the Cities whiche vppon truste of theyr owne strengthe rebelled agaynste him Here vpon as thoughe he had bene enclosed in a straight wythin the Ilande of the Empire where of at the first beginning he looked not for any part at all he passed in to Italye following the ensample of Dennis which subdued manye cities of Italy The first therfore whome he proclaimed his enemies were the Brutians whiche seemed to be bothe of mooste puissaunce and of most wealth and also rediest to do their neyghboures wrong For they had erpulsed many cities of the Greke discent out of Italye Furthermore they hadde also vâ—…nquished theâ—…r owne founders the Lucanes and made peace with them vppon equall conditions So cruell harted were they that they spared not euen theyr owne fyrste founders The Lucranes did bring vp theyr children after the same maneâ—… that the Lacedemonians are wont to doo For from the verye fyrst time they began to grow past childreÌ„ they wer kept in the country among shepherdes and grasiers wythout attendans or seruice without garmentes to put on theyr backes or bed to lie vpon to th entent y t from their tender yeres they might enure theÌ„ selues without help of y e city to away with hardnesse and sparinge Their meate was such as they could get by huntinge theyr drynke was eyther methe milcke or elsse faire water of the sprynge so were they hardened to endure the paynes of warrefare of this sort of people fifty at the first being wont to steal cattel out of their neighboures grounde and afterwarde growing to a greater noumber by the resort of such persons as were allured
into hys kyngdome Mardonius is vanquished in Beotia Them istocles hath the pro rogatiue for his prowesse Athens is buylded agayn the Lacedemo nians make warre vppon the Persians Pausanias is condemned of treason Xerxes proclaymeth open warre agayn agaynst Grece he is ouercomme by Cymo duke of Athenes bothe on sea and land and returneth into his kyngdome The conteyntes of the thyrd Boke XErxes and his sonnes are slayne by the treason of Artabanus Artaxâ—…xes reuengeth the death of his father The Lacedemonians and Thatheniens fall at varians Lycurgus maketh lawes willyngly vannisheth hymself the Lacedemonians make warre vppon the Messeniens the Partheniens place themselfs at Tarent in Italy Messene rebelleth and is subdued warre is renued betwene the Lacedemonians and Thatheniens the Lacedemonians breake the truce the notable demeanor of Pericles truce is taken agayn and broken by the Lacedemonians The conteyntes of the fowerth Boke THe description of Sycill with the wonders therof â—…olus taketh vppon him the crowne of the same after whome euery eytie hath his Tyrrant among whome Anaxilaus contendeth agaynst thothers crueltie with Iustice and Equitie The men of Rhegium are cruelly dispossessed of their Cytie by their con â—…ederates The Cathanenses and Syracusans fall at debate the Athentens ayde the Catanenses truce is taken broken by the Syracusans Ahatheniens succor the Catanenses agayne 〈◊〉 rescoweth Syracuse vanquisheth the Atheniens bothe by sea and by lande and vtterlie destroyeth bothe their men and shyppes The contyentes of the fyft Boke ALâ—…ibiades willyngly bannisheth himself and compelleth the kyng of Lacedemon to warre vpon ThathenieÌ„s the which Darius kyng of Persia furthereth also 〈◊〉 causeth the cyties oâ—… Asia to reuolte from Thathentens the Lacede monians lye in wayt to kyll him he escapeth by the admonition of the wyfe of kyng Agis and flyeth to 〈◊〉 kyng Darius lyeuetenaunt in Lydia whome he withdraweth from the Lacedemonians the Ambassadors of Athens come vnto him he is reuoked into his countrie and made admirall he ouercommeth the Lacedemonians and is ioyfully receyued of his Cytizens he receyueth a losse by ouâ—…rsyght and bannisheth himself agayn 〈◊〉 are brought to vtter distresse Conon their Captayn flyeth to Cyprus the cytie is yelded vp to the Lacedemonians thyrty Tyrants haue the gouernaunce therof Darius kynge of Persia dyeth Dionyse the yonger is expulsed oute of Sycill Alâ—…biades is burned in hys lodgyng 〈◊〉 expulseth the xxx 〈◊〉 tenne others are placâ—…d in their stead â–ª Pauianias kyng of Lacedeuion commaun deth them out of the cytie and gyueth peace to the Atheniens the Tyraunâ—…s makyng warre agaynste Athenes are taken and put to death Artaxerxes sucâ—…edeth hys father Darius in y â— Persian kingdome Cyrus rebelieth agaynst his brothâ—…r Aâ—…xerxes and is slain the Grekâ—… that came to his ayde returne into their countrye vnvanquished The contentes of the syxte Booke THe Lacedemonians couet Th empyre of Asia â—…nes is displaced of his office of Lieuetenauntship Conon of Athenes is made Admyrall of the Persian flete the Lacedemonians send for ayde into Egypte 〈◊〉 is sent agaynst Conon Conon ouercommeth Lysander vppon the sea Athens is set at lybertie agayn Epamynondas ouercommeth the â—…a cedemonians and sleath Lysander Agesyiaus wresteth the victory from the Thebanes the Atheniens sende Iphicrates with an host to chayd of the Thebans y e Lacedemonians are broght to 〈◊〉 dispayre Conon is receyued with great ioye of his cytizens Athenes is repayred Aâ—…axerxes proclaymeth a generall peace through all Grece and setteth all the cyties at lybertie he maketh warre against Egypt Rome is taken by the Frenchmen warre ryseth betwene the Lacedemonians and Arcadians and is ceased of their owne accord Epamynondas Duke of Thebes inuaded Lacedemon and is repulsed by the olde menne Agesylaus encountereth with hym Epaminondas is slayne with whome the prowesse of the Grekes decayeth The conteintes of the seuenth Boke HE entreateth of 〈◊〉 and of the kynges thereof â—…ranus followyng a herd of goates wynneth the cyâ—…ie Edyssa he turneth the name therof maketh it the head of Macedone and subdueth diuers kyngs after him 〈◊〉 Perdicas and prophecieth of his posteritie Argeus taketh his place and 〈◊〉 the crown to his son Europâ—… the Macedones ouercome the Illyrians 〈◊〉 succedeth whose son Alexander kylleth the Persian Ambassadors sent by Darius of whome mencion is made in the fyrst and seconde bokes Bubares marryeth Alexanders syster Amynthas succedeth Alexander the mother kylleth her owne children Philyp is brought vp at Thebes and afterward he is crowned kyng he vanquisheth his borderâ—…rs conquereth the â—…ens maryeth Olympias the mother of great Alexander winneth Methone The contentes of the eyght Boke THe Lacedemonians Phocenses are condemned in a great sum of mony the Phocenses robbe the Temple of Delphos Philip is chosen Captayn generall agaynste them and vanquisheth them the which beyng doone he spoyleth the Thebanes whome he came to defend he stealeth the kyngdome of Cappadocia destroeth Olynthe in Thrace inâ—…th the goldmynes in Chessaâ—… the syluet â—…es in Thrace spoyleth the two kyngs of Thrace of their kyngdome maketh peace with Chateâ—…ens geueth sâ—…le aunswers to Chaâ—… of Grece breaketh premis with the Phocenses remoueth whole nacions and Cyties from countrie to countrie sâ—…th the Dardamerans dâ—…seth Arymba kyng of Eâ—…yre geuyng the kyngdo me to Alexander the brother of his 〈◊〉 Olympsas The contentes of the nynethe Boke PHâ—… besiegeth Constantinople duryng the which he wiâ—… neth many cyties â—…f Chersonesus feighteth vnprosperously agaynst the Tryballes he maketh warre to the â—…niens wynneth the Soueranity of Grece executeth strâ—…ghte Iustice vppon the Thebanes somoneth a Parlament at Cormthe prepateth for warre astaynst the Persians is sâ—…ayne by Pausâ—…ras at his daughters maâ—…ge The description of his nature and condicions with a comparison betwene him and his sonne Alexander The contentes of the tenthe Boke THe natural affection of Artaxerxes Mnemon toward his sonne Darius his treason against his father y â— punishmeÌ„t of Darius his fyfty brothers the cruelty of Ochus the prowesse of Codoman for the which he is created kyng by the name of Daius The conteyntes of the eleuenth Boke THe disquietnesse of the Macedones after the death of Phylype the whiche Alexander appeaseth Alexander putteth his kynsfelke to death suppressed rebellioÌ„s goeth forward with the warres that his father purposed againste the Persians â–ª pardoneth the Atheniens 〈◊〉 Thebes entereth into Asia vanâ—… 〈◊〉 ouercommeth diuers of his Lieuetenantes goeth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cytie 〈◊〉 and vntyeth the knot of the wayne a digression to thaâ—…yres and the kynges of Phrygia Alexander maketh haste to Châ—…us in Cilicia is reâ—…ered of a daungerous disease ouercommeth Darius agayne taketh the mother wyfe and daughters of Darius prysoners maryeth one of his prisoners called Barsiue sendeth Parmenio to inuade the â—…ersian flete and other of his noble 〈◊〉 to receyue the Cyties of Asia maketh abdolominus a kyng of a Gardiner winneth the 〈◊〉 Cyrus perforce goeth to
himself and flyeth to Corynthe where he lyueth a fylthie lyfe 〈◊〉 surnamed Rhodanus veweth the doynges and counselles of great Alexander â—…yeth his countrymen therof and at his returne is put to death for his labor The contentes of the. xxii Booke AGathocles ryseth from abase Degre lyke as yf it were by lowe steppes to the Kyngedome of Sycill he exerciseth great cruelty vâ—…xeth the consederates of the Carthaginenses by the sufferans oâ—… Hamilcar whose death preuenteth the secrete verdites of the Carthaginenses 〈◊〉 is veseged by Hamilcar the sonne of â—…ysgo he remoueth the war into 〈◊〉 vanquisseth the â—…arthagine whervppon the Aphres reuolâ—… vnto him he kylleth the kyng of Cy rene ouercommeth the 〈◊〉 agayn he rayseth the siege before Syracuse is receyued with a mutinie is ouercomme by vnaduisednesse forsaketh his men of warre and his children which are put to death for his sake he maketh peace with the Carthaginenses in Sycill The conteyntes of the. xxiii Boke â–ª A Gathocles maketh warre in Italy the trades and customes of the Lucanes â–ª the Originall of the Brutians the miserable eâ—…de of Agathocles the Carthaginenses inuade Sycill Pyrrhus oryueth them out râ—…turneth into Italy whervppon Sycill reuolteth he is diseomfyted by the Râ—…mayns retyreth with great losse and dishonor into his kyngdome the byrthe educacion and commendacion of Hiero. The contentes of the. xxiiii Booke THe Lacedemonians stirre the Grekes to rebellion and are ouercome by the Etolian shepeherdes the wicked and abhomi nable 〈◊〉 of Ptolomy toward his syster and her children Rome is sacked by the Frenchemen wherof some place themselfes in Italy and some in Pannokie they of 〈◊〉 rayse a power deuidyng themselfes in two hostes of which th one kylleth Ptolomy kyng of Maccdone and are suppressed by Sosthenes thother vnder the conduct of Bremso inuâ—…deth Macedone agayn ouercom meth Sosthenes spoyleth the Realme inuadeth the temple of Delphos the situacion wherof is there deseribed is vanquished with lightnyng and thunder and Bremis sleath himself The conteintes of the. xxv Boke THe Frenchemen of Pannony rayse an other power inuade Ma cedone Antigonus ouercommeth them by a pollicy the Frenchmen are so redouted that all kynges craue their aide they succor the kyng of Bythinia and deuyde his Realme with him callyng themselfes Frenchegrekes Pyrrhus expulseth Antigonus out of Macedone he maketh warre agaynst the Lacedemonians the force and hardines of Ptolomy his sonne who is slayne in the wynnyng of Lacedemon Pyrrhus is slayn at Argos the moderacion and gentlenes of Antigonus with a commendacion of the sayd Pyrrhus The contentes of the. xxvi Boke THe extreme cruelty of 〈◊〉 Tyrant of Epyre the wyse inuention of old Helematus in suppressyng of him the cruelnesse of the Frenchegrekes towardes their wyues and children whome Antigonus ouercommeth viterly dâ—…stroyeth 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 bothe of his kyngdome men of warre by Alexander the sonne of Pyrrhus kyng of Epyre Demetrius the sonne of Antigonus not onely recouereth his fathers kingdome but also spoyleth Alexander of his kyngdome of Epyre Alexander by thelpe of the 〈◊〉 and the fauour of his owne countrymen is restored to his kyngdom agayn Agas kyng of â—…yrene dyeth Demetrius the brother of Antigonus by meanes of Beronice the â—…aughter of king Agas is slayâ—… in her mothers bed The conteyntes of the. xxvii Boke SEleucus kyng of Spria putteth hys step mother Beronice her sonne to death Ptolomy kyng of Egypte in reuengemente of her death inuadeth Syria 〈◊〉 suffereth a happy ship wreke for by mâ—…anes therof for pytie and coÌ„passion the cyties that Ptolomy had obteyned râ—…uolted agayn he is vanquished in battell by Ptolomy and 〈◊〉 ayd of his brother 〈◊〉 Ptolomy maketh peace with Seleuâ—…us Antiochus warreth vppon his brother and ouercommeth him by the helpe of the Frenchgrekes who after the battell bend themselfes agaynst Antiochus and he raunsometh himself from them Eumenes kyng of Bythinia setteth vp pon Antiochus and the Frenchemen taketh the most part of Asia from them the brothers continewÌ„ still at debaâ—…e by meanes wheroâ—… they comme bothe to a misâ—…rable ende The contentes of the. xxviii Booke 〈◊〉 Quene of Epyre by the mariage of her daughter Pythia setteth variaunce betwene Demetrius kyng of Ma cedone and Antiochus kyng of Syria the proude answer of the Atolians to the Ambassadours of Rome Olympias dyeth for sorrow for the death of her two sonnes Laodomia is 〈◊〉 at the Altar of Diana 〈◊〉 dyeth Antigonus beyng left protector of the sonnes of Demetrius maketh himself kyng he subdueth the Lacedemonians wherin appereth as wel the stoutnes of the Spar tanes in aduersity as also the modeste and gentle behauiour of Antigonus in prosperitie The conteyntes of the. xxix Boke THe alteracion of the famousest kyngdomes by the succession of yong kynges Demetrius kyng of 〈◊〉 seweth to Phylippe kyng of Macedone for help agaynst the Ramaynes Philyp exhorâ—…eth the Grekes to concorde he proclaymeth open warre agaynste the Romaynes the Dâ—…rdanians inuade Macedone he maketh peace 〈◊〉 the Romapnes Phylopemenes causeth the Acheans to reuolt from him The 〈◊〉 of the. xxx Boke THe 〈◊〉 of Ptolomy kyng of Egypt Antiochus in undeth Egypt and is put to the 〈◊〉 Ptolomy geueth him self vtterly to slouth and 〈◊〉 he dyeth his concubines are hanged vp the Romaynes take the gouernance of the yong kynge the 〈◊〉 rebell agaynste Philip kyng of Macedone he desyreth peace of the Romayns a quauyng of the Sea an earthquake in Asia Philip is vanquished in battell by the Romayns and speyled of all his Dominions sauyng onely the râ—…alme of Macedone the E to lyans prouoke 〈◊〉 to warre vppon the Romayns The conteintes of the. xxxi Boke ANtiochus inuadeth the territories of the Dominion of Egypt the Romayns proclayme warre against him Nabis kyng of La cedemon subdueth many cyties in Grece y â— Romans send an Ambas sador to note Hannibals doynges in 〈◊〉 and to kyll hym he espieth their purpose and flyeth vnto Antiochus Nabis is vanquished by Flaminius after whose departure he followeth the warres agayne Hanniball is highly enterteyned by Antiochus he geueth councell how to procede in his warres agaynst the Romayns sendeth a messenger to Carthage to stirre them to rebellion the Romayns send an Ambassade to Antiochus who through their dayly conuersacion with Hannyball bryng him in the kynges displeasur who neuerthelesse sheweth his opynion of as concernyng the warres with the Romans the which is neglected antiochus is ouercomme of the Romans and taketh Hannibal into fauor agayn Han niball is put to the worse vppon the sea the magnimitie of Scipio affricanus articles of peace are propounded and by Antiochus reiected the romayns come to â—…roye Antiochus is vanquished with a great slaughter and peace geuen hym vppon the foresayd articles The conteyntes of the. xxxii Boke THe 〈◊〉 are subdued the 〈◊〉 Acheans 〈◊〉 for the souerainty Phylopemenes â—…aptayne of thacheans is is taken prysoner and poysoned by the 〈◊〉 the Mesnians are ouercomme and
of Cassander ere it was long time after entreatynge for her life eâ—…en by she wynge her brestes to moue him to pitye was crueâ—…ly slain by her sonne antipater The cause of the murther was this by reason that after the death of her husband when the kyngdome should be deuided she semed to be more fa uourable to Alexander The whych act apeared so much the more heynous in all mennes eyes by reason the mother ment no deceipte in the matter And yet to saye the trouthe there canne be no cause alledged iustly to excuse one for killing their father or theyr mother Alexander therfore vpon this occasyon entendynge to make warre vpon hys brother to reuenge hys mothers death desired healpe of Demetrius And Demetrius was easye to entreat in hope to inuade the kingdome of Macedone Of whose coÌ„ming Lysimachus being afraid perswaded hys son in law Antâ—…pater to fal to agremeÌ„t with his brother rather then to suffer his fathers enemy to enter into Macedone Demetrius perceiuing that a reconcilement was entreted vpon betwene the. ii brethren slew Alexander through great treson inuading the kingdome of Macedone to the entent to excuse himself of the murder before his men of war he called them together There he aledged y â— Alexander had lien in wait for him before and that he hadde not committed but only preuented the treason Saying it was more reson he himself shuld be kyng then the other bothe for because of his yeares he was of more discretion experiens and also for other consyderations For his father had accompanied both king Phillip grâ—…at Alexander in all their warres and afterwarde had serued Alexander as a captain in pursuing the rebels Where as on the contrary parte Antipater the graundfather of these yongmen was alwaies a more roughe gouernoure of the kingdome then the kinges them selues And Cassander the father of them the roter vp of the kings house spared neither women nor children nor neuer ceased vntill he had vtterly destroyed all the ofspring of the kings posteritye The reuengement of these milcheues for because he could not execute it vpon Cassander him self he said was transferred vnto his children Wherefore both Phillip and Alexander if the dead haue anye perseueraunce woulde not that the roters out of them and their issue but rather the punishers of those traitors should enioy the kingdome of Macedone The people being by this meanes mitigated proclaimed him king of Macedone Lysimachus also beinge entangled with the warres of Dromychet king of â—…hrace to y â— entent he would not be constrained to haue battel the self same time with Demetrius also yelded to him thother part of Macedone that fell to the lot of his sonne in law Antipater and made peace with him Demetrius therfore being furnished with the whole power of all Macedone when as he was mineded to conquere Asia Ptolomy Seleuchus and Lysimachus hauing tried by the former conflict what a strength concord was of entred in league againe and ioyning their hastes together remoued the warres into Europe against Demetrius Pyrrhus kinge of Epyre hoopinge that Demetrius might as easly and lightly forgoo Macedone as he cam by it ioyned him self with them as a fellowe and companion in their war And his hope deceiued him not For he fouÌ„d the meanes to corrupt his army with rewardes whereby he put him to flight and seised the kingdome of Macedone into his owne handes While these thinges were a doing Lysimachus put his sonne in law Antipater to deathe because he repined and 〈◊〉 that the kingdome of Macedone hys â–ª rightfull inheritaunce was taken from him throughe the falshod of his father in law And because his daughter eurydice toke her husbands part in making like exclamatioÌ„ he put her in pryson And so al the house of CassaÌ„der part ly by murder and partly by execution suffred due punishment in the behalfe of great Alexander whether it were for working of his death or for destroying of his issue and posterity Demetrius also being ouercharged with so many hostes wheras he might haue died honorablye chose rather to yeld himself to Seleuchus shamefully When theese warres were ended Ptolomy with great renowme of hys actes and enterprises died He contrary to the coÌ„mon law of all nations somewhat before he fell sycke had resigned the kingdome to the yongest of his sonnes and of hys so doing he rendred a reason to the people who fauored the sonne no lesse for receiuing the kingdome then the father for deliuering of it Amonge other examples of naturall loue and affection shewed on both partes betwene the father and the sonne â–ª this thing wan the hartes of the comminalty to the yoÌ„g man that the father after the time he had openly surrendred the kingdome vnto him executed the office of one of the garde and serued the kinge as an other priuate person sayinge it was far more honorable for a man to be father to a kinge then to be a kynge hym selfe But discorde the continuall mischief among pieres stirred vp strife betwene Lysimachus and Pyrrhus a litle be fore fellowes and confederates agaynste Demetrius Lysimachus getting the vpper hand droue Pyrrhus oute of Macedone and toke it into his owne haÌ„d After this he made war against Thrace and then against the city Heraclea y â— original end of which city wer wonderful both of theÌ„ For vpon a time wheÌ„ the Beoâ—…ans wer afflicted wyth a sore plage answer was geuen them at thoracle of delphos y â— they shuld build a city in the country of Pontus dedicate it vnto Hercules Now when as for fear of the long perillous sayling desiring al to die in their own country rather then to enterprise so loÌ„g a iourny the matter was omitted y â— Phocenses made war against theÌ„ By whoÌ„ being diuers times put to Y e worse they ran to the oracle again for couÌ„sel Answsr was made them y â— the same thing y â— shuld remedy â—…he pestilens shuld remedy y â— war Wher vpon gathering a litle noÌ„ber of men they sailed into Metapont builded the city Heraclea And forasmuch as thes had ben brought thither by thordinance of god w tin short space after they grew to great welth In proces of tyme this city had many battels with their neighbors much mischefe among theÌ„ selues through ciuil dissetioÌ„ Among other honorable dedes this in especially is worthye to be remeÌ„bred At suche time as the Atheniens bare the souerainty and hauing vanquished the Persians had raised a taxe bothe in Grece Asia for the maintenaunce of theyr flete wheras all other to saue theÌ„ selues harmlesse gladly gaue theÌ„ their asking onlye the Heracliens for the fauor they bare to the kings of Persia refused to be coÌ„tributary to y â— taxe Malachus therfore being sent froÌ„ Athens wyth an army to take perforce the thing y â— was denied whyles he weÌ„t abrode to wast
Horodes takyng him rather for an enemie then for a brother commaunded him to be cruelly slayne before his face After this he made warre with the Romaynes and vtterlie destroyed their graund capytayâ—… Crassus with his sonne and all the Romayne hoste His sonne Paâ—…orus beyng sent to pursewe the remnaunte of the Romayne battell after that he hadde atcheued manie hault enterpryses in Syria was called home agayne as mistrusted of his father Duryng whose absence the host of the Parthians that he left behynd him in Syrta was with all the Captayne 's thereof vtterlie slayn by Cassius Lieuetenaunt of Crassus These thynges thus done not long tyme after arose the Ciuill warres betwene Cesar and Pompey in the which the Parthâ—…ans toke part with Pompey bothe for the frendshyp that was betwene them and Pompey in his warres agaynst Mythridates and also for the death of Crassus whose sonne they hearde say helde with Cesar whome they knew well ynough wold reuenge his fathers death yf Cesar should chaunce to get thupper hand Therfore after that Pompey and his adhe rentes had taken the foyle they bothe ministred ayde to Cassius and Brutus agaynste Augustus and Antonie and also after th end of the warre enteryng in leage with Labienus vnder the conduct of Pacorus they wasted Siria and Asia and moreouer gaue a proude assaulte vppon the camp of Uentidius who after Cassius in the absence of Pacorus hadde gyuen the Parthien armie an ouerthrowe But Uentidius pretendyng a counterfeact feare kept himself in a good while and suffered the Parthians for a tyme to vaunte 〈◊〉 At the length he sent out part of his host vppon them as they were mery and carelessâ—… with whose sodayne asfaulte the Parthians beyng dismayde fledde hither and thither to â—…aue themselfes Pacorâ—…s supposynge that his menne whiche were â—…led had withdrawen all the Romayne Legions after them assayled in haste the Campe of Uentidius in hope that he shoulde haue found it withoute defendantes Then Uentidius sendyng quicklie oute the residue of his Legions slewe all the whole band of the Parthians with the king Pacorus himself also Neyther dyd the Parthians at anie tyme receaue a greater losse When tydinges hereof was brought into Parthia Horodes the father of Pacorus which latelie before hearyng that the Parthians had wasted Syria and inuaded Asia had boasted that his sonne Pacorus was a conqueror of the Romayne â–ª when he ones hearde of hys death and of the slaughter of his army sodaynlie for sorrowe he fell mâ—…dde Manie dayes after he would not talk to anie man he would not take anie sustenaunce he wold not speake anie one worde in so much that a man would haue thought he had ben domme After that manie dayes were expyred when sorow had losened his tong he spake of nothyng but Pacorus he thought he sawe Pacorus he thought he heard Pacorus he woulde talke as though he had ben with him he woulde stand still as though he had stood with him and anone he would lamentably bewaile the losse of him When he had mourned thus a long season an other heauinesse came vppon the miserable olde man namelie which of his thyrtie sonnes he should ordeyne kyng in Pacorus stead He had manie concubynes of whome he begate al that youth of the which euery one makyng sute for her owne chylde dyd as it were besiege the olde mans mynd But it was the destinie of Parthia in the which it is an ordinarie custome to haue vnnaturall murderers to their kynges that the wickedest and vn graciousest of them al whose name was Phrahartes was substituted kyng Therfore as though it semed his father would not dye naturallie he forthwith kylled him put his thirtie brothers to death Neyther ceased he his slagh ter in the children For when he perceyued that the noble men hated him for his outrageous cruelti and continual workyng of mischief and that there was none that might be nominated kyng he coÌ„maunded his owne sonne who was man growen to be put to death Agaynst this man Antonie with syxtene of his strongest Legions made warre for ministeryng ayd agaynst hymself and Cesar. But he was so sore afflicted in many battels that he was fayne to flye backe oute of Parthia Through the whiche victorie Phrahartes beyng made more proude and insoleÌ„t when as he 〈◊〉 to deale cruellie in manie thynges he was dryuen into exilâ—… by his owne subiectes Wherevppon after longe and earnest sute made vnto the countries bordeâ—…yng vppon Parthia at the lengthe by muche intreatans he so perswaded the Scythians that through their ayde he was restored to his kyngdome agayne In the tyme of his absence the Parthians hadde constituted one Tyridates kyng who hearyng of the comming of the Scythians fled with a great bande of his frendes to Cesar Augustus makyng war at that tyme in Spayn bryngyng with him to Themperor the yongest sonne of Phra â—…artes for a pledge whome through the negligeÌ„ce of such as were put in trust with the kepyng of hym he had stolen away Uppon knowledge whereof Phrahartes forth with sent his Ambassadors to Cesar requiryng him to sende him home his seruaunt Tyridates and his sonne with him Themperour when he had hearde thambassadours of Phrahartes and vnderstode well the requestes of Tyridates for he also desyred to be set in possession of his kyngdome agayn assuryng that Parthia should euer after be at the commaundemente of the Romaynes yâ—… it would please him to bestowe the kyngdome vppon him answered howe he wolde neyther deliuer Tyridates into the handes of the Parthians nor yet minister ayd to Tyridates agaynst them Neuerthelesse bycause it should not seme that they had obteyned no part of their demand at Themperours hand he sent Phrahartes his sonne without raunsome and allowed Tyridates â—…onorable enterteynement to fynd him with as longe as he lysted to abyde with the Romaynes After this hauyng fynished his warres in Spayn when he came into Syria to set a stay in affayres of the East he put Phrahartes in such a feare that to th entent he should not make warre vppon Parthia all the Captiues and pri soners that wer in the Realme either of y â— army of Crassus or of th armie of Antonie wer gathered togyther and with all the baners and Antesygnes takeÌ„ at those times sent agayn to Augustus Moreouer Phrahartes gaue to Augustus his sonnes and nephewes in hostage Them peror dyd more with the onely Maiestie of his name then anie other Emperour could haue done by force of Armes The. xliii Boke Tâ—…ogus PoÌ„peius hauyng made a long discourse of the doynges of the Parthians ofy â— East and wel nye of al the whole worlde returneth as it were after a long pylgrimage home to the fondacion of the Cytie of Rome thinkyng it the part of an vnthankfull cytizen yf when he had paynted out the actes of all nacions he should speake nothyng at all of his owne
is beateÌ„ downe Antiochus maketh war vpon Ptolâ—…my king of Egypt An example of an vncorrupted minde and of greatâ—… seuerity The death of Anâ—…ochus Demetrius stealeth from Rome â–ª and obtaineth the kyngdome of Syria Prusias diggeth a pit for his sonne and falleth there in hym selfe An example of singuler in gratitude The hatred of dyuers kings against Demetrius The 〈◊〉 nes and 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 Dâ—…etrius the sonne of 〈◊〉 recouâ—…reth hys fathers kyngdome Demetrius maketh war against the Parthiâ—…ns Demetrius is takâ—…n prisoner kept like a kynge 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â–ª The 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 The history of Iosâ—…phe in 〈◊〉 An 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Moses and of the goyng of the 〈◊〉 out of Egipt The â—…inge of the saâ—… day 〈◊〉 Of â—…growing only in 〈◊〉 The â—…tion of the countrye of Iericho 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â–ª Who fyrste subdued the Iewes The doyngs of Attalus kyng of Asia the lesse The soroweâ—…ul repentans of Attalus The deaâ—… of Aâ—…alus â–ª 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â–ª The 〈◊〉 of couâ—…ousnesse The Romaynes reward theyr partakers The vnnatural cruelty of a mother Not without deâ—…ert Mythridates the great and of hys byrth educatyon successe pearyls and aduentures A Comâ—… â–ª Mythridates subdueth the soâ—…thsayers The wife of Mythridates put teth hym in daunger of his lyfe â—…he 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 tes 〈◊〉 the winter 〈◊〉 He conquereth Paphâ—…gonia The Romain aâ—…bassae to Mythrodatâ—… and hys aunswer there vnto Th order taken by the senate Ariobarzanes is made kyng of Cap padocta Mithridatis recouereth Cappadacia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 nations 〈◊〉 vp 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The oratyon of Mythridates to hys captains and men of warre He returneth to the storyes of Egipt The crueltye of Ptolomy Ptelomy is had in derisâ—… by the Romain ambassade The vnnatâ—… ral cruâ—…sse of Ptolomy towarde hys own children He returneth to the story of Demetrius taken pryson net by the Parthiens in the. xxxvi booke A faythfull freâ—…d An example of clemency in in a barbarus prince Demetrius is taken flying the 〈◊〉 tyme and brought 〈◊〉 agayâ—…e Antiochus 〈◊〉 deth an host a gaynste the Parthiens Antiochus 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is let go into Syria A 〈◊〉 conspiracy against 〈◊〉 The death of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is hated of his subâ—…ects for his pryde An 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 king agaynst 〈◊〉 The due reward of sacri ledge and vsurped autho ritye The desire of souerainty The 〈◊〉 an kyng is put to flyght The 〈◊〉 â—…warde oâ—… sacryledge and vsurpâ—…d authority The desire of Souerainty The death of the Quene The death of Ptolomy king of egipt An vnequall dealinge of a mother War betwene Gryphus and his brother 〈◊〉 A cruell syster â—…he â—…syon of Gryphâ—…s from that cruelty Gryphin sen deth to kyll her syster Cle oâ—…atra The death of Cleopatra Such mesure as she dyd mete is â—…ten to her The Quene of Egypt deposeth one of â—…er sonnes setteth vp an 〈◊〉 Lyfe is dearer then a â—…yngdome The death of the Quene of Egypâ—…e Alexander 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cyrene 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the Romains The original Herotymus great number â—…f sonnes Tygranes is made kyng of Syria An 〈◊〉 earthquake 〈◊〉 oâ—… Tygranes maketh 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Syria is 〈◊〉 â—…e a prouynce of the 〈◊〉 of the PartheÌ„s with their encreasement and battels The situacioÌ„ of Parâ—…hia Theâ—…e of y â— coÌ„mon weale of Parthia Their language Their Apparell The order of their warres The briging vp of their bondmen â—…horder of their warres Their Armoure Their seueritie â—… keptng their wiues Their dyet Their continuall rydyng The differen ce betwene their gentlemen their slaues Their burial Their 〈◊〉 Their naturall disposicion Unâ—…er whoÌ„ the Parthians serued When the Parthians first rebelled Arsaces the first king of Parthia Arsaces refor meth the coÌ„mon weale of 〈◊〉 â–ª The buâ—…ding and situacion of the cytie Dâ—…a The 〈◊〉 of Arsaces The seconde Emperour of Parthia The thyrde Empeour Pampatius The fourth Emperour â–ª An example of loue towardes a mans countrey The fyfthe 〈◊〉 Eueraâ—…des king of â—…tria The valiant prowâ—…s of Eucratides An vnnaturall and abho minable mur ther. The conqueâ—…tes of Mythridates y â— â–ª iiii kynge of Parthia The. i. â—…peroure of Parthia of his doinges â–ª It is 〈◊〉 trustynge them to whom a maÌ„ hath dâ—… displeasure The sixthe Emperonr of Parthia The seuenth Emperour and of his doynges The original of the Armentans The situacioÌ„ of Armenie The viage for the golden 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iason The original of the Albanâ—…s in Asâ—…a The great 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thoriginal of the Armeniâ—… The head of the riuer Tygris He returneâ—…h to the storie of the 〈◊〉 The viii king of 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of Horodes to wardes his brother The death of 〈◊〉 A 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 Tâ—…e 〈◊〉 warres betwene 〈◊〉 and Pompâ—…y The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A grâ—…at 〈◊〉 ter of the Paâ—… thians 〈◊〉 the kynges 〈◊〉 Horodes falleth besyde hym selfe for sorow The nynthe Emperor of Parthia 〈◊〉 is killed by hys sonne Phrohartes 〈◊〉 is deposed restored by y â— Scythians The tentâ—… Emperour of Parthia Phraharâ—…es sendes Embassadours to Rome The 〈◊〉 ans submitte them sâ—…lues to Augustus The first inhabiters of Italy The Iustice and equitie in the tyme of Saturne The 〈◊〉 of Saturnâ—… The 〈◊〉 The coÌ„ming of Euandâ—…r into Italy The â—…tynge of Lâ—…tinus The coÌ„ming of Eneas into Italy The building of 〈◊〉 The building of long Alba. The byrth of Romulus Remus w t their educacion Râ—…mus is 〈◊〉 keÌ„ brought to the kynge â–ª Romulus Remus mak a conspyracie against Numitor The building of Rome The buiding of 〈◊〉 A mariage The 〈◊〉 of the Ma 〈◊〉 A 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 applyed Treson against the Mas silians Women can kepe no coun sell. The fortunate successe of the Masâ—… The 〈◊〉 of Caramâ—…us A faythfull frend is tried in aduersytie The auncestours of â—…rogus PoÌ„ pcius Thauncient names of Spayne The situacioÌ„ of Spayne the fertilitie therof The platte bygnesse of Spayne The nature and disposition of the S paniardes A notable ex ample of constant pacieÌ„ce The doyngs and coÌ„menda cions of Uiriatus The swiftenes of the Spanish Ge nettes 〈◊〉 of the Gallecians in 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Inuentions of Gargoris That which God wyll haue saued can not be 〈◊〉 The doyngs of 〈◊〉 The Storyâ—… of Geryon Howe the Carthaginobteyned the 〈◊〉 â—…f Spayn The doyngs of the Cartha ginenses in Spayne How the Ro maynes conquered spaine
punished for the death of Phylomenes Antiochus and all hys host is slayn by the men of the countrie the cyties of Grece make complaynt of Phylyp kyng of Macedone at Rome he is absoyled by the 〈◊〉 of his sonne Demetrius who by the false accusacions of his brother Perfes is brought in displen sure with his father and put to death Phylyp dyeth for sorrowe Perses maketh 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 against the romans thoriginall of the I strians The ignominie of the Daces Prusias vppon trust of Hannybal that fled from Antiochus vnto him breaketh the truce â—…gaynst Eumenes the â—…ollicy of Hanniball conueyng hymself oute of Candie Prusias is 〈◊〉 vpon the land Hannibal throgh â—… suttle inucncion vanquisheth the â—…nemie vppon the sea Ambassa â—…ours are sent from Rome to set the two kynges at one and to desyre to haue 〈◊〉 yelded vnto theÌ„ Hannibal poisoneth himself The conteyntes of the. xxxiii Boke PAulus Emilius encounâ—…ereth with Perses the valiant demeanor of Cato Perâ—…es is ouercomme and taken with hys sonnes flying towards Samothrace with whome 〈◊〉 of Macâ—…done endeth the noblemen of Etoly with their wyues and children are led prysoners to Rome The conteyntes of the. xxxiiii Boke THe Romaynes subdue the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 doune Antiochus maketh warre agaynst Prolomy kyng of Egyt and 〈◊〉 him out of hys countrie P. Popilius is sent Ambassador to byd hym depart out of Egyyt the seuerity of Popilius in executyng his commission Antiochus dyeth his brother Demetrius 〈◊〉 leth pryuely from Rome and killyng hys yonge nephew vsurpeth the crowne Prusias is deposed and murdered by hys owne sonne The conteyntes of the. xxxv Boke 〈◊〉 maketh warre agaynst 〈◊〉 kyng of Cappadocia supporteth his brother Holofernes aganyst him whoÌ„ afterward for treason prepensed he kâ—…peth in pryson one ProÌ„ palus is suborned as the sonne of Antiochus by the name of Alexâ—…der agaynst 〈◊〉 by whome Demetrius is depryued of lyfe and kyngdome Demetrius the â—…on of Demetrius recouereth his fathers kyngdome The conteyntes of the. xxxvi Boke Demetrius maketh warre agaynste the Parthians aâ—…d is taken prysoner 〈◊〉 vsurpeth the kyngdome of Syria Antiochus the brother of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it out of his handes and subdueth the Iewes Thoriginall of the Iewes the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 the goyng of the 〈◊〉 oute of Egypt vnder Moyses the halowyng of the sabboth day the srute sulnesse of Iurie with a description of the vale of 〈◊〉 and of the dead sea of Attalus kyng of 〈◊〉 â–ª of hys â—…rueltie and his madnesse and howe he made the people of Rome his heyre Aristomicus the bâ—…stard sonne of 〈◊〉 chalengeth the crown and is ouercome by the RomaÌ„s The conteyntes of the. xxxvii Boke THe Massyliens entreate the Romaynes to râ—…lease theire displeasure agaynst the 〈◊〉 the romains reward the kings that ayded them agaynste 〈◊〉 â–ª and the crueliye of 〈◊〉 toward her owne children the byrthe education and daungerâ—… of Mythridates he subdueth the Scythians he trauaileth through â—…sia disguysed he putteth his wyfe â—…o death for goyng about to poi son him his warlyke conuersacion he entereth in league with Nico medes kyng of Bythima and they iointlie conquer Paphlagonia he subdueth also Galatia contrary to the prohibitio of the Romans Nicoinedes alâ—…ereth the name of his sonne anâ—… proclaymeth hym kyng of Paphlagonta The conteyntes of the. xxxviii Boke MIthridates destroyeth Ariarathes kyng of Cappadocia and Nicomedes inuadeth the kyngdome Myâ—…hridates vnder pre tence of helpyng his systers sonne dryueth Nicomedes out of the realme by a cautele ryddeth his sayd systers sonne of his lyf and and maketh one of his owne sonnes kyng The Cappadâ—…cians rebeil and set vp Ariarathes the brother of the king slayn before whoÌ„ Mythridates ouercommeth and dryueth him oute of the realme the sayde Ariarathes dyeth wherevpyon Nicomedes suborneth a beautifull yong man vnder the color of beyng brother to the sayde Ariarathâ—…s to sue to the Senate of Rome for the kyngdome Mythridates dothe the lyke with an other of his owne sonnes the Cap padocians beyng set at lybertie desyre a kyng Ariobarzanes is appoynted by the Senate Mythridates entereth in leage with Tygranes kyng of Armeny who expulseth Ariobarzanes out of Cappadocia the Romans sent their Lieutenaunteâ—… to set Ariobarzanes agayn in his kyngdome Mythridates maketh greate preparicions and forniture for the warres he encourageth his souldiers and consulteth of thorderyng of his warres Ptolomy kyng of Cyrene obteynyng the kyngdome of Egypt after the death of his brother wor keth moste extreme crueltie agaynste thauthors of his promocion the Ambassadours of Rome come to Alexandria Ptolomye flyeth out of Egypt maketh warre agaynste the same committeth moste execrable cruelnesse agaynst his owne children the courtesie shewed by the kyng of Parthia to Demetrius beyng thâ—…yr prisoner Demetrius stealeth away twyse and is set backe agayne Antiochus the brother of Demetrius maketh warre agaynst the Parthians Demetrius is let go into Syria Antiochus is slayn and all his host murdâ—…red by a sodayne conspiracie Demetrius escapeth into hys kyngdome The contents of the. xxxix Booke DEmetrius whyle he goeth aboute for to conquere the whole â—…alme of Egypte loseth his owne Realme by sodayn rebelion the kyng of Egypt suborneth one as adopted by Antiochus to chalenge the kyngedâ—… of Syria proclaimyng him by the name of Alexander who ouercoÌ„meth Demetrius and â—…ylieth him Grypho the sonne of Demetrius is crowÌ„ned kyng by name his mother bearyng all the rule he is supported by the power of the Egyptians agaynst Alexander whome he vanquisheth Alexander is taken by theues brought vnto Grypho and put to death The mother of Grypho offeryng her sone a cup of poyson is compâ—…lled to drynke it her sclfe His brother Cyriceâ—…us maketh insurreccion agaynst him the Kyng of Egypt dyeth Grypho ouercomâ—…eth Cyri cenus the crueltie of Gryphin towardes her syster Cleopatra the wyfe of Cyricenus Cyricenus vanquisheth Grypho and reuengeth his wyfes deaâ—…h vppon her sister Cleopatra Quene of Egypt sâ—…tteth vp and pulleth downe her sonnes at her pleasur and 〈◊〉 length is slayne by Alexander the yonger of them who for his labor is bannished the Realme and his brother Pâ—…olomy made kyng in his stede The kyng of 〈◊〉 bâ—…queateth his kyngdome to the Ro maynes Heroâ—…yinus kyng of Araby inâ—…teth Egypt and Syria The contâ—…yntes of the. xl Boke TYgranes king of armeny is creatâ—…d kyng of Syria by eleccioÌ„ a great earthquake in Syria Aâ—…granes is vanquished by Lucâ—…llus by whome the kyngdome of Syria is gyuen to Antiochus the sonne of Cyricenus whome Pompeius afterwarde deposeâ—…h and maketh the Realme a pronynce of the Romaynes The xli Booke THe Originall encrease and habitacion of the ParthiaÌ„s the order of their common weale their lenguage and apparell the maner of the warres and thâ—…ducacion of their bondmen theyr trade of lyuyng burâ—…all superstiâ—…ion and naturall inclynacion How they serued vnder diuerse kyngs whose Realmes they afterward brought in subieâ—…ion Of the kyngdom of Bactria The foundacion of the Parthian Empyre by Aâ—…aces with
a reher sall of thactes of him and his successours the exeâ—…rable dede of 〈◊〉 sonne of Eucratides and the forâ—…unate assayres of Mythridaâ—…s kyng of the Parthians The contentes of the. xlii Booke THe Scythians make warre vppon the Parthians Phrâ—…haties kyng of Parthia for his crueltie is betrayed and slayne Actabanus succedeth after whose death reygneth Mythridates surnamed the greate who greatly enlarged the Parthian Empyre Thoreâ—…nall and description of Armenie the History of Iason and Medâ—… and of the Argonantes Thoriginall of the Albanes in the Easte the descryption of the riuer Tygris Mithridatâ—…s is deposed and slayne by his brother Horodes The battelles of the Parthians agaynst the Romaynes the furiâ—… and madnesse of horoâ—…s for the death of his sonne Pacorus the great wickednesse of Phraharâ—…es who ouercommeth Themperout Antony is deposed and set vp agayn by the Scythians Tyridates who duryng his absence was created kyng hearyng of his returne flyeth to Augustus Themperour Phrahartes sent Ambassadoures for hym Augustus subdued the Parâ—…tians with the Maiestie of hys Name The contentes of the. xliii Booke THe fyrst inhabiters of Italy the commyng thither of Euander and Eneas and of his warrres there the buyldyng of long alba with the succession of the kynges therof the buyldyng of Rome by Remus and Romulus the buildyng of Marsieles in FrauÌ„ce with the prayse and commendacion and with the warres therof the stead fast â—…ayth of the Massiliens toward the Romayns the auncestors of thauthor of this worke The contentes of the. xliiii Boke THe situacion fertilitie and description of Spayn a wonderful example of pacience the dedes of Uiriatus Captayne of the Spanyardes of the genettes and of the steele that is in that countrie what thynges were inuented by Gargoris howe Gargoris assayed by all meanes to put his daughters childe to death and coulde not wherevpon moued with compassion for the perilles he had escaped he made him his heire whose name was Habis the inuentions of the sayd Habis the story of Hercules and Gerion the inhabityng of the Gades vppon what occasion the Carthaginenses entered fyrst into spayn and of the doyngs of their Captayns there â—…ynallie howe it was subdued by Augustus â—…hemperour and made a Prouynce of the Romaynes A PREFACE OF SIMON Grineus to the Reader as concerning the profite of readyng Hystoryes IF it were as Easye for euery man to take out and vse to hys owne be hofe the examples and instructioÌ„s left in Hystories as the Hystories haue sure aud grounded examples to leane vnto I wold geue all men aduise to runne the strayie and nea rest way into the most plentifull fruiteful fieldes of Histories without tariens For what 〈◊〉 be thought more pleasaunt or profitable than sytting as it were in the Theatre or Stage of mans life the whiche an Historye hath most exquisitely furnished in all pointes and to all ententes and purposes to be made ware and wyse at the perilles of other men without any daunger on his owne behalfe to take ensample of all sortes the which a man may apply to his owne behoofe and vtilitie in euery thyng and at suchâ—… time as he shall chaunce to be present amongâ—… gret men when with greatest aduisement they do debate most weighty affaires to be able to discusse the ende and sequele of the same which thing we al doe chiefely desire and couet and that which otherwise considering the shortenessâ—… of mans life were a thing impossible to comprise in memory the times of many hundred yeares past to behold the beginninges the procedinges and the endinges of the gretest Empyres of all euilles eyther priuate or publike manyfest ly to discerne the ground and occasion In euerye hard and difficult matter to haue one to trie out the ieoperdyes and perilles before thee and to haue as it were a lodâ—…sman to go before thee in euerye daunger neuer to be deâ—…itute of tryed experience and to be briefe of thinges paste whyche properlye and peculiarlye apperâ—…ayneth to the dutye of a wise man pollitiâ—…ely to fore see what maye followe in all chaunces and so to iudge of them as if they were present Nowe forasmuche as we oughte to come to the readyng of Histories so muche the better furnyshed as an Historye is more replenished and laden with plenteous fruite and for as muche as it is as difficulte a matter to geue ryght iudge mente of another mannes lyfe as of his owne and that no manne is able be he neuer so sharpe syghted in this case to viewe another mannes lyfe well that can not viewe hys owne both are to be vnderstanded namely that there is in this case very great difficultnesse and also that longe tyme before we enterprise hereunto we ought not onely to haue a little snatche of ciuile pollicy but also that we ought to be fully resolued and established in our selues as concernynge the whole tenour of our lyfe onles we will continually wauer in our mindes and be miserably led about with vayne imaginacions of this lyfe lyke vnto ghostes For in lyke ma ner as at a greate and sumptuous feaste that is furnyshed with al kynde of deynties and delicate viandes it commeth to passe that one thing is set before one man another to another fewe taste of one thing euery man of that he lyketh best the râ—…eners of all that come before them and as euery mans taste and dyete is so taketh hepleasure of the deinties that stande before him yet notwithstandynge there shoulde be some one kynde of measure whiche nature hath appoynted and some one kynde of meat simple and in anye wise vncorrupted that is most for the health and nourishâ—…ment of the bodye from eyther of the whyche whosoeuer steppeth aside and followeth his owne appeâ—…ite beyond eyther measure or thordinaunce of nature he may take more hurt than pleasure of the delicates Euen so in that gret variety of mannâ—…s lyfe although there be a thousande sundrye sortes of thynges and a thousand purposes and after what sorte so euer a man 〈◊〉 led by fancie or stayed by iudgement so doth he deeme of his owne lyfe and of other mennes yet there is but one onelye pathwaye of vertue in the whyche who so walketh aduisedly is only to be counted to liue wel All others like as they did at the sumptuous feast when al thynges prouoke them beynge able neyther in their owne lyfe nor yet in another mannes at any time to fynd what is best to folow or howe to procede But if nature haue geuen any thyng to man the whiche he maye vse or abuse at hys pleasure certesse he ought most circumspectely to vse this But I pray you what man is there almost that applyenge the rule of vertue vnto all sayenges and doynges aswell of his owne as of other mennes doth with more aduisement aduenture vpon them then vpon the daintye dishes set before him on the table or which thynketh not hym selfe sufficiently learned in this behalfe In the whiche
of her empyre but rather broughte her in greater admiration of all menne that she beynge a woman had surmounted in prowesse not only women but also men She buylded Babilon and enclosed it with a wall of brycke enterlayed with sand and Bytamen which is a kynd of slymye mortar yssuyng out of the ground in diuers places of that countrye Many other noble enterprises this Queene atchieued For beyng not content to maynteyne the state of th empyre and boundes of the same as her husbande lefte it vnto her she subdued Aethyop thereunto And besides that she made warre vpon Indie whereunto there was neuer any that durst geue the aduenture sauyng she onely and great Alexander At the last vnnaturallye desyryng to company with her owne sonne she was by him slayne whē she had reygned xlii yeares after the death of her husbande Ninus Her sonne Ninus beyng contented with the countreyes wonne by his parentes layeng asyde all Chiualrye and knighthoode as though he had chaunged nature with his mother was seldome seene of men but spente hys tyme among a sorte of women His posterity also followynge his example gaue aunswere to the people to ambassadours by messengers The Empyre of Thassirians whyche afterward were called Syrians continued 1300. yeres The last kyng that reigned amonge theym was Sardanapalus a man more vicious than any woman Unto whose presence Arbactus whom he had made lyeuetenaunt ouer the Medes beyng by long suyte had much intreataunce hardly at length admitted which thing was neuer graunted to any man be fore found him amonge a sorte of concubines spinning purple on a rocke in womans apparayle passyng all the womē there in softenesse of body and nycenesse of countenaunce and weyeng out to eche of them theyr taske At the whiche light Arbactus disdayning that so manye men shuld be subiect to such a woman and that so many valiaunte knyghtes and men of warre should be slaues to a woman went forth and tolde his peres what he had sene sayeng he coulde not fynde in his hart to serue and obey such a one as had rather be a woman then a man Whereupon the Lordes confedered them selues together and had him battell Who hearing thereof not like a man entendyng to defend his kyngdome but as women are wont to do for feare of death first sought a corner to hyde his head and soone after with a few and out of aray he came into the felde where beynge vanquished he retired into his pallace there makyng a great bonefire cast him selfe and all his ryches thereinto plainge the man in this only poynt After this Arbactus the worker of his confusion which before was lieutenaunte ouer y e Medes was instituted made kyng And he translated the empire frō the Assirians to the Medes In processe of tyme after many kynges by order of descent the kyngdom came vnto Astyage This man hauing done issue sauing one onely daughter dreamed that he sawe spryng out of her priuye members a vine whose braunches shadowed all Asia The interpretours of dreames and wonders beyng asked theyr iudgement and aduice in the matter made aunswere that hys daughter shoulde brynge hym fothe a nephewe whose greatnesse was by his vision declared before and that by him be should he deposed from his kingdome The kyng being not a litle abash◅d with this interpretacion maryed hys doughter neyther to a Noble man nor to one of his owne countrey least the nobilitie of the parētes should aduaunce encourage his nephewe to take much vpon him but vnto a man of meane estate and liuing of the countrey of Persia which in those ◅ayes was reputed as a base countreye and of no regard or estimation Neuerthelesse beyng not by this acte quite dispatched of the feare of this dreame he sent for his doughter beyng great with childe that as soone as she were deliuered he myght see the babe kylled ▪ Assoone as the childe was borne it was deliuered to be ◅layne vnto Harpagus one of y e kinges priuye counsaile Harpagus fearing that if after the decease of the kyng because he had no yssue male to succede him the kingdome should descend vnto his doughter she would reuenge the death of her chylde vpon him being a subiecte which she could not do vpon her father ▪ deliuered the childe to the kinges herman commaū ding him to cast it away By chaunce the verye same tyme the herdman him selfe had a sonne newlye borne Whose wife hearing of the casting away of the kynges childe earnestly besought her husbande to fetche the childe vnto her that she myght see hym The shepeherd ouercome with the earnest intreataunce of his owne wife returned into the wood where he founde a bytche geuing the childe sucke and defending it frō foules and wilde beastes Then beyng moued with pitie to see the bytche so naturall and pitifull he tooke vp the childe bare it home to his cottage the bitche folowing him egerlye all the waye Assoone as the woman tooke the babe in her armes he smiled and played with her as though he had knowen her and there appeared in him such a chearfulnesse as it were a certayne smiling and flattering countenaunce that she desyred the shepeherd herhusbande to cast awaye his owne childe and suffer her to bryng vp that in the sted of it such was the good fortune of the childe or els the hope that she of hym conceyued And so the destinye of the two children beyng chaūged the kinges nephewe was brought vp for the shepeherdes sonne and the shepeherdes sonne was cast away for the kynges nephewe the nources name was afterward called Sparcon bicause the Persiās do cal a bytche so in theyr language The childe beyng broughte vp amonge the shepeherdes was named Cyrus And in the meane tyme beyng chosen kynge amonge children as they were a playeng when in sporte he whypped suche as wer stubbourne agaynst him the parentes of the children made thereof a great complaynt to the kyng sayeng it stoode not with their honour that their children should be beaten like slaues of the kynges bondman The kyng sendynge for ◅he chylde demaunded of hym whye he dyd so He aunswered without any chaungyng of countenaunce at all for the mat ter that he had done as it became a kynge to do The kyng maruayling at his audacitye came in remembraunce of his dreame and the interpretacion thereof and so when bothe the countenaunce of the chylde and also his lykenesse vnto him selfe the time of his castyng away and the examinaciō of the shepeherd agreed in one he acknowledged him to be his nephewe And for bycause he thoughte him selfe dispatched of his dreame in as much as the childe had played the kyng among the shepeherdes the cruell hart that he bare toward the child was clerely thereby relented But to his frende Harpagus he became so deadly an enemy for sauing of his nephewe that to reuenge his
in law that shuld haue maried her daughter had taken vpon her to kil her husband and make her peramor king If her daughter had not bewrayed all her mothers whordome and priuye conspiracies to her father Theolde man therfore being deliuered out of so many pearils died leauing the kingdome to his eldest sonne Alexander who in the verye entraunce of his raigne made peace with the â—…yrians and deliuered his brother Philip in hostage In pro cesse of time also by the same hostage he entred a league of peace with the Thebanes the which thinge was a greate furtherans vnto Philip in all princely vertues whervnto he was meruelously enclined of nature For being 〈◊〉 as an hostage iii. yeres at Thebes a city of auncient seueritye he passed his childhode in the house of the moste renoumed captain and Philosopher 〈◊〉 Ere it was loÌ„g after Alexander was surprised and slain â—…y the treson of hys mother Eurydice whom Amyntas hauing taken her wyth the fault had before pardoned for the Childrens sake that he had by her not knowing y â— in time to com she wold be their vtter destructioÌ„ His brother Perdicas also was by like tre sonpreuented It is an abhominable thing y â— for filthy lusts sake the mother shuâ—…d work the death of her own childreÌ„ at whose coÌ„templation she was saued from the punishmeÌ„t that her wickednesse had deserued The murther of Perdicas semed so much more heinous in that not so muche as his litle childe could finde any mercy at his cruell mothers hand Philip therfore a long time tooke not vpon 〈◊〉 as king but as protector of the infant But when the country was sore oppressed with warre and that it wold be to late to tary for help vntil the childe came to age he was coÌ„pelled of the people to take the kingdom vpon him Assone as he begoÌ„ his raign al meÌ„ conceiued great hope of him both for his wit which in manner all redy declared that he wold proue a great man And also for the ancient Prophecies of Macedonie which said that while one of the sonnes of amin tas raigned thestate of Macedone shuld be most florishing the which hope and prophecies to fulfil there wer now no mo left aliue through the wickednesse of their mother but only he In the beginning of his raign when on thoue side the murder of his brothers vnworthely slain on the other side the multitude of his enemies on a nother side the fear of treson and on another side want of mony artillery the realme being in manner wasted and consumed with continuall warre disquieted the minde of this yong souldioure that sondry nations out of diuers places at one tyme flocked together as it wer by a common conspiracy to the entent to oppresse Macedonie by battell For as muche as he was not able to matche them all at once he thoughte it conuenient to dispence with them some he toke truce with vpon reasonable Articles â–ª some he bought of for mony and suche as were weakest he assailed by force by vanquishing of whome he did bothe strengthen the faint hartes of hys souldiers and tooke awaye the disdaine that his ennemies had at him The first encounter that he had was with the Atheniens whome he ouercame by policy and for feare of a worser afterclap wheras he might haue slain them all he sent them all safe home without raunsome After this he turned hys power against the Illyrians of whom he slew many thousandes and toke their head city called Laryssa Next not so muche for couetousnesse of praye as for dâ—…syre to ioyne the Thessalian horsmen to his fotemen therby to encrease the strength of his army he conquered the country of Thessaly â—…re anye hostilitye or warre was looked for and so of theyr horsemen and his owne fotemen made one bodye and inuincible army The which thinges comminge luckelye to passe he tooke to wife Olympias the Daughter of Neoptolemus king of the Molosses The maker of this marriage was his brother Arimbas king of the Molosses vncle to tâ—…e maid by the fathers side who had the bringinge vp of her had taken in mariage Troas 〈◊〉 of y â— said Olympias which was the cause of muche mischiefe vnto him and finallye of his destruction For wheras by the affinity of king Philip he hoped to haue had his kingdom enlarged he was by the same Philip depriued of his owne Realme and compelled in his olde age to liue a banished man These thinges thus brought to passe Philip could not nowe content hym selfe to repulse iniurye offered by others but prouoked and distroubled suche as sate still in quiet As he besieged the city of Methon one threwe a dart at him from the wall as he passed by and strake out his right eie For y â— which wound he became neither the slouthfuller in his enterpryse nor the angrier againste his ennemies In so muche that within few daies after wheÌ„ they desired peace be grauÌ„ted it and vsed the victory against them not only modestlye but also mercifully The eyghte Booke THe cities of Grece while euery of them sought to beare rule were euery chone brought vnder subiection For after the time they coulde not with holde them selues â—…ut that they must seke eche others destruction they were vnuanqui shed of all men and brought to confusi on None but suche as were oppressed did fele the losse and smart hereof For Philip king of Macedone lying in a wait like a spy out of a watch toure to surprise them all of theyr liberty by nourishing debate betwene City and City and by supporting the weaker side compelled both the conque red and the conquerors to become his vassals and subiects The originall cause of all this mischiefe were the Thebanes who hauing the soueraignty and wanting discretion to vse their good fortune arrogantly accused at the common couÌ„sel of Grece the Lace demonians and the Phocenses whome they had vanquished in battel as thoughe the slaughters rauish ments that they had abidden had beene to little punishment for them It was laide to the Lacedemonians charge that they had taken the towre of Thebes in the time of truce and to the Phocenses that they had wasted the couÌ„try of Beotia as thoughe that after warre and battell they would haue the lawes also to worke their forâ—…e IudgemeÌ„t being executed according to the plesure of the conquerors they were condempned in suche a summe of mony as was not possible to be paide The Phocenses therfore when they shoulde haue bene bereft of their landes their children and their wiues compelled therby to vtter necessity chose one Philomelus to their captain and as men offended with God him selfe inuaded the Temple of Apollo at Delphos Herevpon being enriched with gold and other mony they waged an army of souldiers straungers and made warre to the Thebanes This dede of the Phocenses although all men abhorred
by reason of their sacriledge yet notwythstaÌ„ding it procured more enuy to the Thebanes by whom they were driuen to this extremitye then to them And therfore bothe the Atheniens and the Lacedemonians set forth men to their aid At the first encounter Philomelus turned the Thebanes out of their campe at the next fighting valiantly amongste the thickest he was the firste that was slain and so with his wicked bloud did worthely abye for committing sacriledge In his sted Ornomarchus was created Captaine against whom the Thebanes and Thes salians chose for their captain not one of their owne country men for fear least if he gate the victory he should bear him self so Lordly that no man were able to abide hâ—…m but Philip king of Macedonie willingly submitting theÌ„ selues vnder the subiection of a forrener whiche was the thynge they most of all feared in their own country men Phillip therfore as though he had bene the reuenger of sacriledge and not of the Thebanes commaunding all his souldiours to put garlandes of Laurel vpon their heades and in thys wise as hauing God the chiefe Captaine of his enterpryse he marched into the field The Phocenses at the sighte of the cognisaunce of the God striken with inwarde remorse of conscience for their offences â—…ast downe their wepons toke them to flight And so with their owne bloud slaughter of them selues suffred worthy punishmeÌ„t for violating of religion Ye wil not beleue what glory and renown Phi lip won among al nations for executing this dede As who wold say he was the punisher of sacriledge he was the reuenger of religion he only was worthy to compell offenders to make satisfaction to the execution where of all the world ought to haue put theyr helpe Therfore they honored him next vnto the Goddes by whome the maiestye of the Goddes was defended But the Atheniens hearyng of the aduenture of the war to th entent that Philip shoulde not passe into Grece toke the straights of Thermopyle in like maner after the same sort as they had done before against the coÌ„ming of the Persians but nether with like corage nor for like quarel For then it was for the libertye of Grece but now it was for open sacriledge then in the defâ—…nce of the temples against the inuasions of the ennemy now in the maintenaÌ„ce of churchrobbers against the right 〈◊〉 reuengers Making them selues bolsterers and bearers out of that hainous offeÌ„ce wherof it was a shame for theÌ„ that any other theÌ„ theÌ„ selues shuld haue ben the punishers Quite forgetting that euen in their moste aduersitye they had vsed that God as their chefest counseller that by hys guidance they had finished so many battels with conquest builded so many cities with fortunate successe attayned so great an Empire both by sea laÌ„d And finally atcheued no thing either in publike or priuate affairs without the ma iesty of his Godhed Certesse it is great pity that such fine wits so exquisitely polished withal kinde of learning traded in so goodly lawes institutions should be so far ouerseene as to commit so heinous an act that of right they can haue no cause here after to be offended with the barbarus nations for doing of the like But Philip him self kept not euen touch with his felowes For as it wer to th enteÌ„t hys enemies shuld not go beyond him in committing sacrilege the cities wherof a litle before he was captain whiche had fought vnder his standerd which had reioysed in him and which had holpen him to the victory like an vtter ennemy he inuaded sacked The wiues childreÌ„ of them al he sold by the drom He spared not the teÌ„ples of the Gods immortal not the houses of religion not the common nor priuate houshold gods vnto whoÌ„ a litle before hâ—…â—…ntred as a guest so that it might euideÌ„tly appere he sought not so muche to haue punished sacriledge as to procure fre liberty to perpe trate the same From thence as though he had accoÌ„plished al things to his honor he passed into Cappadocia where making war with like falshod hauing taken and slain by policy the kings that wer the next borderers he brought all the whole prouince vnder thempire of Macedonâ—… Then to abolyshe the shamefull brute that went of his doynges through the which he was more spoken and talked of then anye other man in those daies he sent into the kingdomes and moost welthy Cities into the Churches and temples certain to raise a rumor and to put it into folkes heds that king Philip would bestow a great masse of monye in building walles about the Cities and in makinge of Churches and temples and that maisters of the worke should be pro cured by proclamation The whiche when they came into Macedone being driuen of with diuers delaies for feare of the kinges displesure were faine to get them away againe and make no mo woordes After this he assailed the Olynthians For when they saw that Philip had put one of hys brothers to deathe for verye pities sake they receiued two other of his brothers borne of his stepmother whome as partners of his kingdome he soughte by all meanes to dispatch out of the way Therfore vppon this occasion he vtterly destroyed that auncient and noble citye and put hys brothers to the deathe that he had before determined appoynted for them enioying therby both a greate pray and also his wicked lust in slaying of his brothers Whervpon as though al things had ben lawful that he purposed in his mind he sesed vpon the gold mines in Thessaly and vpon the siluer mines in Thrace And to the entent no law nor righte should be left vnuiolated he determined to be a rouer on y â— seas These things being thus accomplished it fortuned by chance that ii brother 's both kings of Thrace being at variaunce betwixt them selues not in respect of his indiffereÌ„cy iustice but for fear least he shuld help to support either of the parties chose him to be iudge of their controuersies But Philip according to his accustomed nature proceding to iudgement as if he shuld haue gone to battel came sodeÌ„ly vpon the brothers ere they wist therof with his men in battel ray and not like an vpright iudge but like a craftye thefe wicked kaitife spoiled theÌ„ both of their kingdomes While these thinges were a doing the ambassadors of Athens came vnto him to require peace whome he heard sent him selfe other ambassadoures to Athens with Articles of peace and there to the commodity of both parties a peace was concluded Oute of other Cities of Grece came ambassaders also not so muche for desire of his frendshyp as for feare of warre For the Thebanes and Beotians of very rancor and malice that boyled in their stomackes requested him to shew him selfe as captaine of Grece against the Phocenses according as he had professed him self to be So sore
sonne in law of antipater whome he had left his vicegerent in Macedone went about to worke treson against him For which cause fearing that if he should put him to death there wold rise summe commotion in Macedone he put hym in safekeping This doone he marched towarde the citye Gordis the which is situate betwene the greater and the lesser Phrygia The desire that Alexander had to get this city into his possession was not so muche for the spoyle of it as for because he hard say that in that City in the temple of Jupiter was the yoke of Gordius waine the knot wherof whosoeuer could vndoo should be king of all Asia as the auncient Oracles had prophesyed The occasion and originall hereof was this As one Gordius was going to plough in the country with Oxen that he had hired birdes of all sorts began to flie about him Whervppon as he went to aske counsell of the Southsayers of the city therby in the gate he mette with a maid of excellent beautye and demaundynge of her what Southsayer he were best to goo to When she heard thoccasion wherfore he woulde aske counsell beinge seene her selfe in the science by thenstruction of her Father and mother she answered that it meaned he should be a kinge and there vpon offred her selfe to be his partaker bothe of wedlock and of the kingdom y â— was behighted He thought himself happy to haue suche a faire offer at the first entrye of his kingdome After the marriage the Phrygians fell at discord among them selues And when they asked counsell of the Oracle how they mighte bringe it to an end answer was made that they could not end their controuersies with out the healpe of a king Demaunding again as touchinge the person of their king what manner of man he should be commaundement was geuen them to marke whom they saw first after their returne ridinge into the temple of Iupiter in a cart and to take him for their king The first man that they met was this gordius where vppon immediatlye they saluted him by the name of king The cart whâ—…rin he rode when the kingdome was laid vppon him he set in the temple of Iupiter and consecrated it for an offeringe as kinges are wont to doo at their coronation After this man raigned his sonne Midas who being traded vp by Orpheus in manye superstitious Ceremonies filled all the realme full of sectes of religion by the whyche he liued more in safegarde all his life then by his chiualry Alexander therfore hauinge taken the Towne when he came into the temple of Iupiter immediatlye enquired for the yoke of the Waine the whiche being broughte before him when he sawe he coulde not finde the end of the thonges that wer bidden within the wrethes constraining the Oracle to the vttermooste he cutte the wrethes a sonder with a sworde and so when he had losed the wreathes he found the endes of the knottes wythin the braides As he was a doing this tidinges was broughte him that Darius approched with a great hoast of men Whervpon fearyng to be enclosed within the straightes he passed the mountaine Taurus with all spede possible in the whiche haste he ran CCCCC furlonges When he came to Tarsus beinge muche delighted wyth the plesantnes of the riuer Cydnus which runneth through the mids of the city he cast of his harnesse and full of duste and â—…wet as he was threw him self naked into the cold wa ter wherwithall suche a nomnesse and stifnesse by and by strake through all his finewes that he lost his speche in so much that men thought he should not only neuer recouer it but also loked he shuld haue died presently Onlye there was one of his Phisitians named Philip which wold take vpon him to warrant to make him whole again And yet the same Phisition was had in great mistrust by reason of the letters sent the daye before oute of Cappadocia from Parmenio Who knowing nothing of Alexanders mischaunce wrote vnto him to beware of Philip the Phisition for he was corrupted by Darius for a great summe of mony Yet notwithstanding he thought it more for his safegard to coÌ„mit himself to the phisition though he more then halfe suspected him of treason then to abide the daunger of his disease wherof ther was no way but death Therfore be toke the drinke that the Phisition had made him and deliuered him the letter and as he drank he beheld his face stedfastly to se what countenance he wold make at the reding of it When he sawe him vnabashed he was glad of it and the iiii day after recouered his healthe Darius therfore wyth CCC M. fotemen and a C. M. horsmen proceded into battel This huge nomber of his enemies somwhat moued Alexander when he beheld howe fewe in respect he had hym self But then again he called to minde what great enterprises he had atcheued how mighty countries he had sub dued with that smal nomber Wherfore when hope had ex pulsed fear he thought it daungerous to delay the battell And to th entent his men shuld not be discoraged he rode a bout from band to band with sondry orations spake vnto eche kinde of people He encoraged the Illirians 〈◊〉 with promesse of richesse and substance The Grecians he set on fire with putting theÌ„ in mind of their batels in time past of the continual hatred that they had with the Persi sians The Macedones he admonished of Europe by theÌ„ all redy coÌ„quered of Asia now chalenged bosting of theÌ„ that there wer not y â— like men of power strength as they wer in al y â— world Of al which their trauels this battell should be y â— final end to their high renown estimatioÌ„ As he had said these words he coÌ„mauÌ„ded his battels to staÌ„d stil again to th entent y e by this pausing they might enure theÌ„ selues to behold y â— huge noÌ„ber of their enemies with opeÌ„ eies Da rius also was not behinde the haÌ„d in ordring of his battels For wheras it beloÌ„ged to the duty of his captains to haue don it he weÌ„t himself in proper person froÌ„ rank to raÌ„k exhorting theÌ„ al to play the men putting the in remeÌ„braÌ„ce of thanciet renown of the PersiaÌ„s of the perpetual possession of thempire geuen theÌ„ by the gods immortal This don both tharmies with great corage buckled together In the which battell both kings wer wouÌ„ded the victory huÌ„g in doutful balaÌ„ce so loÌ„g vntil Darius forsoke the field Then ensued the slaughter of y â— Persians ther were slain of fotemeÌ„ lx one M. of horsmen x. M. and xl M. wer taken prysoners Of the Macedones wer killed a C. xxx fotemen a C. l. horsmen In the teÌ„ts of the Persians was fouÌ„d much gold other riches AmoÌ„g others wer takeÌ„ prisoners Dari us mother his wife which also was his sister and ii of hys daughters WhoÌ„ when
y â— Alexander came to visit coÌ„fort when they saw the harnessed men they embraced one another made great lamentation as though they shuld haue died by and by Then they fel flat at Alexanders fete beseching him not for pardon of their liues but only respite of their deathes for a time to th entent they might bury Darius body Alexander being moued with pity at the tender affection of the women told theÌ„ that Darius was yet aliue and bad them be of good comfort for they shuld not die coÌ„maunding that they shuld be estemed as Quenes so to be called Furthermore he willed Darius daughters to trust to him that he would see them bestowed in mariage to no persons of baser estate then was for their fathers honor After this when he saw Darius richesse his precious orna ments his iewels and apparel they were so muche that he wondred to behold them Then began he first to make riotous bankets sumptuous feastes then began he for her beauty and fauor to fall in loue with one of his prisonners called Bersine of whom afterward he begat a sonne whom he named Hercules Notwithstandinge remembringe that Darius was yet a liue he sente Parmenio to inuade the Persian flete and other of his frendes to receiue the Cityes of Asia Which hearing of his great victory came with their lieuetenaunts that were appoynted by Darius who with a greate summe of golde yelded them selues vnto the conqueror and submitted them selues vnder his subiection Then set he forward into Syria wher he met with many kings of the East with crownes on their heads Of whom as eche of them had deserued some he toke into fauor and some he deposed setting vp kings in their steads Amongst all other Abdlominus whom Alexander made king of Sydon is worthy to be spokeÌ„ of Him wheras before time he was wont to be hired to cast ponds and water gardens leadyng his life miserably Alexander created king setting aside the noble men least for their birth linage they might rather haue semed to chalenge it of duty and not accept it as a fre gift The citezens of Tyre sent their ambassadoures wyth a crown of gold of great waighte vnto Alexander for ioye of his good successe who thankfully acceptinge their present said he wolde go to Tyre to performe his vowes to Hercules Thambassadors said he might do that better in olde Tyre in the old temple desiring he wold not enter into the new towne Wherat he toke so sore displeasure that he threatned to destroy the citye and there vpon forthwith he brought his army to the Iland whome the couragious Tyrians for the trust they had in the Carthaginenses entertained with battel For thexample of Dydo greatly encoraged the Tyrians who after that she had builded Carthage conquered the thirde parte of the worlde Thinkinge that it were a foule shame for them if their women shuld haue more hartes in conquering then they had in defending of their liberty Wherfore they sent away all such as wer not mete for the warres to Carthage and brought succors in their stâ—…ad Neuerthelesse ere long time after they wer surprised taken by treson Here vpon Alexander receiued the Rhodes Egipt and Cilicia without any stroke striking Then tooke he hys iourny to Iupiter 〈◊〉 of purpose to enquire of the chaÌ„ce of thinges to come and as concerning his own birthe For his mother Olympias confessed to Philip her husbande that she conceiued not Alexander by him but by a Serpente of wonderful bignesse And Philip him selfe a little before he died did openlye report that he was not his sonne Uppon which cause as though he had known her to haue plaid the miswoman he put away Olympias Alexander therfore be ing desirous to fetch his pedegre from God and also to deliuer his mother from slaunder of the world sent messengers priuelv before to the priestes to geue them instructions what answer he would haue them make Assone as he entred into the temple the prelates saluted him by y e name of the sonne of Hammon He being glad of this adoption of the God gaue commaundement that all men shoulde take him for his father Then he demaunded whether he had punished all suche as were gilty of the murderinge of hys father or no. They made him answer that his father could neither be killed nor die but as for the death of king Phillip he had sufficiently punished all the doers therof To his third demaund they answered that he shuld get the vpper hand in all battels and shoulde be owner of all the whole worlde To suche also as attended vppon him they gaue charge to honor Alexander as a God and not as a kyng Herevpon he grew to suche an hautinesse and so wonderful an arrogancy was rooted in his stomacke that the gentlenesse which he had learned by the literature of y â— grekes and the enstructions of the Macedones was quite rased out of his thought As he returned froÌ„ HaÌ„mon he builded AlexaÌ„diâ—…a and peopled it with Macedones ordeining it to be the hed city of Egipt Darius being eskaped to Babilon sent his letters to Alexander desiring him of liberty to ransome the women that wer his prisoners and for their raunsom he profered him a great sum of mony Howbeit Alexander would not take a piece of mony for their ransome but the whole kingdome Within a while after came a nother letter froÌ„ Darius to Alexander wherin he proferred him one of his daughters in mariage a portion of his kingdoÌ„ Alexander wrot vnto him again y â— those things that he offred him wer hys own alredy wherfore he willed him to come submit himself to put thordering of his kingdom to the discretion of his so uerain Then being past al hope of peace Darius adressed himself again to the warres and with 40000 fotemen a 10000. horsmen marched toward Alexander In his iourny newes was brought him that his wife was departed of de liuerance of a childe before her time and that Alexander wept for her death and also followed courteously after her corse to burial the which thing he had done not for that he was in loue with her but only for curtesy and humanities sake For he neuer saw her but ones in all his life wheras he wold ofteÌ„times visit his mother his litle daughters to coÌ„fort them Then Darius thinking himself clerely vaÌ„qui shed seing y â— after so many battels his enemy had ouercom him With kindnesse also thought it did him good sythe he could not get thupper hand y â— it was his chance to be vanquished of so worthy a conqueror Wherfore he wrate the iii. letter vnto him geuing him thankes y â— he had not shewed any extremity against his prisonners Offring hym the greater part of his kingdom euen vnto the riuer Eufrales with a nother of his daughters to wife and for the reast
as harde a matter for th one to haue demaunded it as for the other to haue paid it Thre and twenty thousand talents were bestowed here abouts Furthermore he cashed the old souldiers and supplied their roumes with yong beginners But such as wer reteined stil grudging at the dismissing of the old souldiers required to be cashed thē selues also biddinge him pay thē their wages not to tel them of their yeres for seing they wer chosen into warfare together they thought it but right and duty to be discharged together And nowe they came not to him with entretance and humble sute as by the way of petition but with fasing and bracinge Bidding him finish his warres alone with his father Hammō and then go set lighte by his souldioures On the contrarye part somtime he chastised them sometime he admonyshed them with gentle wordes that they should not obfuscate darken their famous conquests and acts of cheualry with rebellion at the latter end At the length when he saw his words could nothing auail he rose out of his chair vnarmed as he was and stepte into them being all armed to fetch out thauthors of that rebellion And no man durst be so bolde as ons to let him of hys purpose but that he pulled out xiii of them and led thē to execution with his owne handes So greate a pacyence in suffering death did the fear of a king cast vpon them or els the customable enuringe in the feates of warre gaue hym boldnesse to put them to execution Then called he the Per sians aside and spake to them praising their cōtinual faith and obedience bothe to him and to their kynges in tymes past rehersing his benefites towardes them howe he neuer accompted them as vanquished but as partakers of his victory and to be short how he hadde passed into theyr lawes and customes and not they into the customes of his country and that by ioyning affinitye and aliaunce he had made the conquerors and the conquered a like And nowe he said he would betake the custody of his own person not onlye to the Macedones but also vnto them Whervpon he chose a thousande of their lusty yonge men into hys garde another sort of them he gaue armor and wepon vnto and dispersed them into his owne host to th entent they should learn thorder of the warres of Macedone the which thing the Macedones toke sore to hart that the king shuld subrogate in their roumes weping vnto him desiring him to satisfy himself with punishing thē rather then wyth puttyng thē to suche reproche By the which submission they obtained y ◠axi M. of thold souldiers were discharged and of hys frends wer dismissed because they wer old men Polyperchō Clytus Gorgias Polydamas Antigonus Craterus had the charge of theese that were sente awaye with Commissyon to take vppon him as regent of Macedone in steade of Antipater And Antipater was commaunded to come with a noumber of yonge souldioures to supplye hys roumē They that retourned home had allowance of wages as well as they that folowed still the warres While these thinges were in doing one of his frendes named Ephestion whome he loued entirely first for his excel lent beuty when he was a boy and secondlye for his humble obedience deceased For whome the kinge mourned a long time more then stode with his honor to doo beinge a king and bestowed xii M. talents vppon a tombe for hym Geuing commaundement to honoure him nowe after hys death as a God As he was in his way returning towards Babilon from the furthest landes that bordered vpon the Ocean tidinges were brought him that the ambassadours of Carthage and other Cities of Affrik and also of Spain Sicil Fra◅nce Sardinia and many of Italy did await for his comming at Babilon So greate a terror had the fame of his name striken into the harts of all the world that all nations as if they had determined to make him acknowledge him for their soueraigne Lord and king wer glad to humble them selues vnto him For this cause therfore as he was making spede to Babilon as it were to hold a parliament of the whole world One of the wisemen told hym that it was not good for him to come there affirming that it was the place where he should die There vppon he lefte Babilon and went to the city Byrse beyond the riuer Euphrates which ere whiles lay desolate There the Philosopher Anaxarchus through his perswasion compelled hym to despise the foresayinges of the wisemen as false and vncertaine forasmuche as if they were determined by desteny men were not priuye to them or if they were ordained by the lawe of nature it was not possible for a manne to breake them or auoid them Returninge therfore to Babilon when he had spent many daies in idlenesse the festing and banketting which he had left of now for a good while he set vp fresh again and being altogether geuen to mirth and pastime spending day and night in reuelling and making chere euen immediatly vpon a banket the Phisition Thassalus made a rere supper and desired the kinge and his Lordes vnto it Alexander toke a cuppe in his hande hande and as he was in the middes of his draughte sodenlye he gaue a greate sighe as thoughe he hadde beene striken to the harte with a dagger and being caryed from the banket halfe deade he was tormented with so intollerable paine that he desired to haue a sworde to ridde hym selfe out of it wythall and when anye man touched him it was as greuous to him as if they had wounded him His frendes caused it to be noised that his excessiue dronkennesse was the cause of his disease But in verye deede it was the treason of them selues the slaunder wherof was by the power of them that succeded suppressed The authoure of this treason was Antipater who seing his moost entier deare frendes murdered his sonne in lawe Alexander of Lyncestes put to death and himself after his noble enterprises atcheued in Grece not so muche accepted for his laboure as had in disdaine and ther vnto tickled with diuers complaints made by his mother Olympias besides all the which considering what straight iustice and cruel execution was lately before doone vpon the lieuetenaunts of sondry countries could gather no lesse by the circumstauns of the premisses but that he himselfe also was sent for out of Macedone not to attende vppon hym in his warres but to be punished as other had bene Therfore to the entent to preuent the kinges purpose he sent his sonne Cassander priuely with poyson the which Cassander wyth Phillip and Iolla his brothers were wonte to serue the kynge at his Table And the force of the poysonne was so greate that there was neyther brasse yron nor earthen vessell that was able to holde it nor it coulde not be caryed any otherwise then in the hofe a horse laying strait charge vpon
into his handes Emnenes hearing of this practise attempted wyth a few to eskape by flight But being set backe againe seynge no hope of recouery as the multitude flocked aboute him he made request that he might yet ones ere he dyed speke vnto his army Being willed to say his minde when â—…lence was made and his bondes losed â–ª he stretched forthe his hande fettered as he was and shewed it them saying Beholde my souldiours the apparel and ornaments of your captaine whyche none of his enemies hath put vppon him For that were a comfort to him But euen you your selues you haue made me of a conqueror a vaÌ„quished persoÌ„ you haue made me of a captain a captiue four times within this twelue month you haue sworn to be true to me but I will let that passe For it is not mete for â—…en in aduersity to vpbraid others This only one thing I require at your hands that if Antigenus be so fullye bent to take my heade from me as in whose death al his affaires and purposes shuld be finished you wil let me die among you For I am sure he cares not after what sort or where I die so I be dead neyther doo I passe greatly for my life so I might be deliuered froÌ„ thys slaunderous death If you will graunt me this request I discharge you of your othe wherby you haue bound your selues so often vnto me Or if ye be ashamed to slea me your selues then reach me a weapon and geue me leaue to do that thing for you without conscience of breaking of your othe which you haue sworne so oftentimes to do for your captain When he saw he coulde not obtaine his request he left intreatance and fel to anger Now the Gods quod he the iust reuenger of periury looke vpon you you false forsworne kaitiues and geue such endes vnto you as you haue geuen vnto your captaines For it is not longe a go since you polluted your selues with the bloude of Perdicas practising to haue done the like with Antipater yea and that that is worst of all you oftentimes troubled euen Alexander himself with your seditions and mutinies doing your best to haue slain him if it had beene possyble for him to haue died of mannes hand And nowe I laste of all whiche shal be offered as a sacrifice by you false forsworne wretches do pray God that these curses maye lighte vpon you that being beggers and outlawes you may spend all your life time in this warfare like banished people neuer to retourne to your country againe and your owne weapons deuour you with the which you haue consumed mo captaines of your owne then of your ennemies This spoken in a greate rage and anger he commaunded hys keners to go before him to Antigonus campe The army fâ—…lowed after to betray their own captain and he being prisoner led as it were a triumphe of him self vnto the camp of his conquerour Deliuering vp into the conqueroures handes both them selues and all the antesignes of kynge Alexander together with the honour and renowne of so many conquestes And for because there shoulde want no pompe the Elephantes also and the suc câ—…urs of the East folowed after So much more glorious wer these thinges to Antigonus then vnto Alex ander all the conquests he atcheued in that where as Alexander conquered the East Antigonus ouercame them by whom the East was conque red Antigonus therfore dispersed those conquerours of the world into his host making restitution vnto them of such things as he had takeÌ„â—…m them at the time of their ouer throw And for because he had in times past had familyer acquaintaunce frendship with Emnenes he would not for shame suffer him to come in his sight but assigned him ii kepers In the mean season Eurydice the wife of king aride us vnderstanding that Polyperchon was retourninge out of Grece into Macedone and that he had set for Olympias being thervpon striken with womanly malice abusyng y â— weaknes of her husband whose office authority she toke vpon her wrate to Polypercbon in the kings name that he should deliuer vp the host to Cassander as into whose hand the king had put the whole order and gouernment of the Empire The like coÌ„maundement she sent also to antigonus into asia By which benefite Cassander being bound vnto her did euery thing after her rash vnaâ—… uised coÌ„maâ—…nde ment Then went he into Grece made war against ma ny cities at the â–ª destruction of whiche as of a fire neare at hand the spartanâ—…s being afraid both contrary to the aunswers of the oracles contrary to 〈◊〉 renown of their ancestors distrusting their owne chiualry enclosed their city with a strong wall the whiche euer before that time they had ben wont to defend by force of armes and not by strength of wals So much wer they degenerated froÌ„ their aâ—…cestors y â— wheras many C. yeres before the prowesse of the citezens was the wal of the city now they thought they might not liue in safety onlesse they myght hide their heds within walles While these things wer a doing the estate of Macedone was so troubled y â— Gassander was fain to return thither out of Grece For when Olym pias the mother of king Alexander the great came out oâ—… Epyre into Macedone accompanied with acacida kynge oâ—… the Molosses and that Eurydice and arideus the king went about to prohibit her from entring into the realm the Macedones whether it wer for remembrance of her husbaÌ„d king Phillip or in respecte of the greatnesse of her sonne Alexander or that they were moued at the vnworthy demeanor gathered them selues vnto Olympias at whose commaundement Eurydice and the king were both slaine wheÌ„ he had raigned vi yeres after Alexander â–ª But Olympias her self raigned not long For when she prâ—…ceaded to make slaughter of her noble men peres more like a tirant then like a Quene she turned her fauor into hatred Therfore when she hard of Cassanders coÌ„ming putting distrust in the Macedones with Roxane her daughter in law Hercules her nephew she conueyed her self into the citye Pictua She had also in her traine deidaâ—…ia the daughter of king aeacidâ—… and her daughter in law Thessalonice a Ladye much set by for her father Philips sake with many other noble mennes wiues a company more gorgious the profitable When these things wer reported to Cassander immediatly he cam in al hast to Pictua enuironed the town with a strong siege Olympias being constrained w t sword famin wery of the long continuance of the siege yelded her selfe the liues of her hers onlye saued But Cassander assembling the people together to aske theyr aduise what they woâ—…d haue don with Olympias priuely suborned y â— pareÌ„ts of such as she had put to death who putting on moâ—… ning apparel shuld come complain of her great cruelty by whom
weale And like as Pyrrhus fyrste gaue the people their dwelling so Arymba brought them first to the trade of ciuil ordinaunce and liuing This mannes sonne was Neoptolemus who did beget Olympias the mother of great Alexander and Alexander that after hys decease enioyed the kingdome of Cpyre and dyed in the warres of Italy among the Brutians After his departure his brother Aeacides succeaded in the kingdome who by wearying his subiectes with daily and continuall war againste the Macedones gate â—…uche a displesure among them that they banished him y e reaâ—…me leauing behinde him in the kingdome a childe of 〈◊〉 yeres old called Pyrrhus who being sought for also by the people to be put to death for y â— hatred they bare to his father was priuely conueyed awaye and borne into Illyria and deliuered vnto Beroe the wife of king Glaucia to be kept vp the which Beroe also was extract of the house of Aeacus There the kinge whether it were that he pityed hys misfortune or that he weâ—… allured with his childish flateringes did defend him a great while againste Cassander king of Macedone demaunding him with great threats that he would make sharpe warres vppon him onlesse he deliuered him and besides this protection of him he also adopted him to be his sonne With the which thinges the Cpyrotes being moued tourninge their hatred into compassyon called him into the realme againe beinge of the age of eleuen yeres appoynting protectoures to haue the ouersight and gouernment of him and his kingdom vntill he came to mannes estate Afterwarde when he was ones past childhode he sought manye battels he began to be counted of suche power wisdome and pollicye that men thoughte no man able to maintain the Tarentines against the Romaines but only him The. xviii Booke PIrrhus king of Epyre therfore when as the Tarentines had sent their ambassadors to him the second time and that the Samuits Lucanes who al so had then neade of aide againste the Romaines made earnest sute and request vnto him for succor not so much moued with the entretance of his suters as induced with hope to inuade the Empire of Italy promised to come with an armye Unto the whiche thing after that his minde was ones enclined the examples of his auncestoures draue him hedlonges forwardes to the entent he wold not seme inferior to his vncle Alexander who hadde defended the sayde Tarentines agaynste the Brutians or to be of lesse courage then great Alexander who hadde made warre so sarre from his owne countrye and subdued the East Where vppon leauinge his sonne Ptolomy of the age of xv yeres as regent of his kingdome he landed his armye in the hauen of Tarent leadynge with him hys two yonger sonnes Helen and Alexander to beare him company in his farre expedition Of whose arriuall the Romaine consull Valerius Leunius hearing making haste to encounter with him before the aides of his confederates were assembled broughte hys men into the field neither did the king although he had nothing so many men of warre as his ennemies detracte the encounter But where as the Romaines had gotten the vpper hand and were at the poynt to haue putte hym to flight he constrained them at the vglye shape of the Elephants first to stande as amased and by and by after to forsake the field and so the straunge monsters of Macedone sodainly vanquished them hauinge all readye gotten the victory Neuerthelesse he obtained not the victorye without much bloudshed For Pyrrhus himselfe was sore woun ded and a great part of his Souldioures slaine so that he gate by that victory more honoure then cause to reioyce Many cities following the fortune of this battell yelded them selues to pyrrhus Amongest others also the Locrines betraying the Romaine garrison reuolted to pyrrhus Of that pray Pyrrhus sent home two hundred Romaine souldioures scotfree to Rome to the entente that as the Romaines had knowen of his puissaunce so they might also knowe of his liberalitye Within a few daies after when the hostes of his confederates were come he foughte an other battell with the Romaines in the whiche the fortune was like vnto the former battell In the meane season Mago captaine of Carthage beynge sent to the ayd of the Romaines with a hundred and tweÌ„ty shyppes came before the Senate sayinge it greatlye greued the Carthaginenses that a foraine kynge shoulde be suffred to make warre in Italy For whiche consideration he was sent that for as much as they were assailed by a foraine ennemy they mighte be rescued by for raine succoures The Senate gaue the Carthaginenses hartye thankes and sent away their succoures againe But Mago accordinge to the nature of a man of affricke wythin a fewe dayes after as though he ment to procure peace for the 〈◊〉 went secreatly to pyrrbus entending to feele his minde and to learne what he purposed as concerning Sicill whether it was reported he was sent for For the Carthaginenses sent aid to the Romaines For noone other occasion but that Pyrrhus mighte haue so muche to doo with the Romaines in Italy that he myghte haue no leysure to passe into Sicill While theese thinges were in doing Fabritius Lucinus being sent ambassadoure from the Senate of Rome coÌ„cluded a peace with Pirrhus for the confirmation wherof Cyneas beinge sent from Pirrhus with great giftes and rewardes could finde no man that would ones open his doore to receiue a reward Another example like vnto this continency of the Romaines hapned almost the very same time For the Senate sent ambassadoures into Egipte to whome Ptelomy the kynge sent riche presentes the which they vtterly refused with in a day or twaine after they were bidden to supper and crownes of goulde sent them the which at that time they receiued for honour of the kinge and the next daye after they set them vpon the kinges Images Cyneas therfore when he had brought word howe the peace with the Romains was infringed by â—…ppius Claudius being demauÌ„ ded of Pyrrhus what maner of thiâ—…g Rome was he aunswered that it semed to him to be a City of kinges After this came vnto him the ambassadoures of the Sicilians rendering into his handes the right and 〈◊〉 of the whole Iland whiche was then vexed with the continuall warres of the Carthaginenses Therfore leauynge his sonne Alexander at Lorres and hauynge well manned the other Cities with strong garrisone he wasted ouer his army into Sicill And for as much as we be come to entreat of the Carthaginenses I must speake a 〈◊〉 as concerning theyr originall repeting somewhat what deper the dedes of the Tyrians whose chaunces also wer much to be lamented The nation of the Tyrians was founded by the Phenicians who being troubled with an earthquake forsaking their natiue soyle inhabited fyrst the lake of Assyria and anone after the neâ—…te â—…ea coaste buildinge in the same place a Citye whiche of the aboundaunce of Fyshe
recouered the city Syracuse While these thynges were a doâ—…ng in Sicil in the meane time in Affricke Hanno prince of Carthage began to employe his richesse by the which he surmounted the power of the coÌ„mon weal about compassing of the souerainty entendynge to haue slaine the Senate and to haue made himself king To the perfourming of the whiche mischeuous enterprise he had chosen a certain day in the whiche he should marry his daughter solempnly to the entent that vnder the coloure of perfourming hys vowes he might the easyer woorke his wickednesse and the 〈◊〉 brynge hys mischeuous deuises to effecte vnespied And therfore he prepared a feaste for the people in the open porches and galleries of the Citye and for the Senate in his owne house To the entent that hauing couertly and wythout witnesses killed the Senatoures with poysonâ—…d drinkes he might with the more ease vsurpe vppon the common weale being destitute of her patrones and defendoures The whiche thynge beynge by the seruauntes bewrayed to the Magistrates the mischief was auoided but not punished least in a man of so great power the matter being knowen might putte them to more trouble then beinge but only surmised Being therfore contented to haue restrained him of his purpose they made a decree wherein was limited what coste shoulde be bestowed vpon mariages straightly charging and commaundinge the same to be obserued not of any one man but of all men in generall to the entent the person should not seme to be noted but the vices rebuked Beinge by this dâ—…uise preuented he stirred the bondmen to rebellion and hauing appoynted a day againe for the slaughter when he sawe himselfe the second time bewrayed fearing to be arraigned of treson he tooke a certaine stronge hold with twentye thousand bondmen well armed There whiles he sollicited the Afres and the kynge of Mauritane he was taken and beinge sore whipped and hys â—…yes pulled oute and hys armes and legges broken as thâ—…ughe euerye member were seuerally punished he was put to death in the open sight of the people and hys body being torne with whippinge was hanged vppon a gibbet Moreouer his sonnes and kinsmen euerychone of them were they neuer so giltlesse were all put to execution to th entent there should not of so wicked a stocke remaine any impe either to ensue his example in doynge the like mischiefe or to reuenge his death In the meane time Dennis being receiued Syracuse persisting euery daye more cruell then other toward the Citye they conspired against him again and besieged him Then seinge no remedy he deposed himselfe and yealded to the Syracusanes bothe his holde and his hoste and receiuinge no more but his owne priuate stuffe went his way as a banished man to Corynthe There thinkinge the basest to be the surest estate he fell to a most filthy and lothsome trade of liuing For he thought it not inough to loyter vp and down the streates onlesse he wer bibbing in euery tippling house nor to be sene in Tauernes and houses but to sytte stil in them all day from morning to night Moreouer he would braule with euerye raskall and varlet for moone shine in the water goo all to ragged and slouenlye prouoke men to laughter rather then laugh himself stande gaping and gasing in the shambles deuouring with his eies the thinges he could not bye with his monye skolde with baudes before the Wardens and in fine doo all thinges in suche wise that he might sâ—…me rather to be despised theÌ„ feared Last of all he professed himself a scholemaster and taught children in a threwaylet to th entent he might eyther be openly sene of them that feared him or els might the easier bring himselfe in contempt of them that feared hym not For all be it he alway abounded in tirannous vices yet notwithstanding this was but a counterfetting of vices and no naturall disposition and he did theese thinges of a pollicye then for that he had forgotten his royall and princely behauiour because he knew by profe how hatefull the name of a Tyran is yea thoughe they haue no â—…chesse nor power at all And therfore he labored to take a way the enuy of thinges past by bringing himself in contempt for his present demeanor hauing not so muche regarde what was for his honor as what was for the sauegard of his life Yet notwithstanding among al these couÌ„terfet dissimulations and policies he was thrise accused to haue sought meanes to make himself kyng again and nothing auailed so muche to his acquitall as that all men had him in disdaine In the time that these thinges were a doing the Carthaginenses beinge afraid at the prosperous successe of great Alexanders affaires for doubt least hauing conquered the kingdome of the Persians he wold also adioyne Affricke ther vnto to fâ—…le how he was mineded Hamilâ—…ar surnamed Rhodanus a man farre passynge all others in wit and eloquence For it encreased their fâ—…ar â–ª because they saw their mother city Tyrus the authoure of their beginning was taken and the city alexandria an enemy to the estate of Carthage builded in the boundâ—…s of Affricke and Egipt and also the fortunate felicity of the king himselfe of whose couetousnesse and good fortune they thought there woulde neuer be none â—…nd Hamilcor therefore attaining to the speche of Alexander by the helpe of Parmenio fained him selfe to be driuen oute of his country and that he was fled to the king for succour offâ—…ryng him self to serue him as a souldiour in his warres by the whiche pollicy hauinge perfect intelligence of the kingâ—…s entent and purpose he aduertised his countrye men therof in tables of woode couered ouer with plaine waxe But the Carthaginenses after the death of the king when he retourned into his country not only rewarded him not but also most cruelly put him to death as though he had gone about to chalenge the Citye to the king The. xxii Booke AGathocles the Tiranne of Sicill whiche succeaded in the estate of Dennis laste before him clymbed from a lowe and base degre to the maiestye of the kingdome For he was a potters sonne of Sicill and there was no more honesty in his childhode then there was honour in the stocke of his auncestry For being of fauor and personage exceding beautiful he liued a great while in sufferance of most filthy buggeâ—…y when he was ones paste boyes estate he tourned his lecherous lust from men vnto women After this beinge disfamed with bothe kyndes he chaunged that trade of liuing and fel to robberye In processe of time when he came to Syracuse and was taken into the city as amonge others inhabiters he was a great while without credit or estimation Because he semed not to haue any good to loose nor any honesty to distaine In fine obtaining the roume of a rascall souldiour loke how dishonest he was in his liuing before euen as seditious was he in his doinges
confederates â–ª iudginge it a greater reward to the Romaines to haue honoure and renowue then possessyons gotten by force For he said it was mete for a Romaine to chalenge glorye and fame and to leaue the superflouity of richesse to his partakers The xxxii Boke â–ª THe Aetolians which hadde prouoked Antiochus to warre againste the Romaines after the time that he was onercome remained all only againste the Romaines both 〈◊〉 to match them in strength and also destitute of all healpe and comforte By meanes where of within a 〈◊〉 after they were vanquished and lost their liberty the which they all only among so manye cities of Grece had reteined vntouched against the dominion of the Atheniens and Lacedemonians The which estate of bondage was so much the bitterer vnto them as it was later or it came â–ª râ—…oltynge with them selues those times in the which with the only power of theyr owne countrye they had withstoode and burne oute the greate force and power of the Persâ—…ans in the which they hadde repressed the violence of the 〈◊〉 men so terrible to Asia and Italye in the batâ—…ell at Delphos the glorâ—…ous remembraunce of which things kindled in them a 〈◊〉 desire of liberty While these thinges were a doing in the meane time the Messenians and the Acheans fâ—…ll â—…irst at conteâ—…ion anone after to plain sighting for the sâ—…raigntye In that battel Philopenienes the noble graund captain of the Acheans was takâ—…n prisoner not through his own defaulte because he 〈◊〉 not fyghte for sauynge of hys life but as he was about to bringe his men in araye that were sâ—…attered in the leapinge of a ditche his 〈◊〉 ouerthrew and so his enemies clustered about him and tooke him ere he coulde râ—…couer vp againe And yâ—…t the Messenians when they foâ—…nd him ouerthrowen whether it were for fâ—…are oâ—… his prowessâ—… or for reuerence of hys estate durst not kill him Therfore as though by taking of hym they had finished all the warre they led him like a prisonner about all the citye in manner of a triumphe the people ruuninge out by heapes to meete hun as if their own captaine and not the captaine of their enemies had bene comming And I beleue the Acheans would not haue ben more desirous to haue sene him if he had gotten the vpper hande then were the Messenians his enemies to beholde him being a prisonner For they led him into a Theatre to the entente tâ—…ey mighte all beholde him whome they thought an vncredible and vnpossâ—…ble mâ—…tter to be taken From thence they couueyed him to prysoÌ„ wher for shame of the villany they had offred to such a worthy estate they gaue him poyson the which he drancke with as mearye a cheare as if he had wonne the victory Demaundyng first of all whether Lycortas the lieuetenante of the Acheane whome he knewe to be the manne of best knowledge in feates of armes nerte vnto hymselfe hadde eskaped in safetye or no. When he vnderstoode that he was eskaped he sayde the world goeth not alltogether against the Acheans wyth that word he gaue vp the ghoste But ere it was longe after the warre was renued in which the Messenians being vanquished suffered worthy punishment for putting Philopemenes to death In the meane season Antiochus kinge of Syria beinge sore ouercharged with the tribute that he should pay to the Romaines and seinge hymselfe vanquished and burdened whether it were that he were compelled for want of mony or that he were allured with couetousnesse because he hoped that vnder pretence of the necessity the whiche he was put to for the payment of the tribute he should be held the better excused if he committed sacriledge he assembled an armye and in the nyghte time assaulted the temple of Iupiter of Dodon the which attempte was bewrayed and he withall his hooste was slayne by the inhabitauntes of the countrye that resorted to the reskue At Rome when many cities of Grece were come thither to complaine of the iniuries that Phillyppe king of Macedone hadde dâ—…one vnto them and that there was great contention in woordes in the senate house betwene Demetrius the sonne of Phillippe sent thither by his father to make satisfaction as the Senate shuld think righte and the ambassadoures of the Cities the yonge man beinge confounded with the noyse and exclamatyon of the appellantes sodenly helde his peace Then the Senate being moued with his modest shamefastnesse for the whiche he had bene well beloued of all men before times when he lay in hostage at Rome gaue iudgement on hys syde And so Demetrius obtained pardone for his father not by defending his righte but by the helpe of his modesty and shamefastnesse The which thinge was signifyed vnto him by the decree of the senate to th entent it should appeare that the kinge was not acquited as giltlesse but rather pardoned for his sonnes sake the whiche thynge purchased vnto Demetrius not thanke for his behauiour in that ambassade but hatred through the maliciousnesse of backebyters For with his brother Perses who sought by al meanes to surprise him it procured him enuy and with his father when he knew the occasion of his acquitall it procured him displeasure disdaininge that â—…he person of his sonne shoulde be of more force or strengthe with the Senate then the authority of the father or the estimation of his estate being a king Perses therfore per ceiuing his fathers disease made complaintes daily vnto him of his brother Demetrius and first he broughte him in mistrust with him and shortly in vtter displeasure obiecting against him that he sought the freudshippe of the Romaines to betray his father At the last he surmised that he went about trâ—…ason for the prouse where of he broughte in recorde and suborned false witnesses to vphold â—…he crime that he charged hym wythall By meanes whereof he compelled his father to murder his owne sonne and brought all the courte in sorow and heauinesse After Demetrius was thus put to death the party being dispatched out of the way whome he feared as his enemye Perses beganne to be not onlye more slacke in doing his duety but also more stubborn against his father behauing himselfe not like an heire but like a kinge Phillip beinge sore offended with his misdemenor bewailed the deathe of Demetrius verye vnpaciently from day to daye Where vppon mistrustynge hym self to be deceiued by cautele and treason he put the wytnesses and record bearers to torture Throughe whyche hauing boulted out their treason he was vexed as much with the wickednesse of Perses as with the vndeserued death of Demetrius And he hadde punished him for hys laboure had not death preuented him of hys purpese For shortly after throughe very sorow and pensiuenesse of hart he fell sicke and died leauing behinde hym greate furniture for the warres against the Romaines the whiche Perses afterward vsed Moreouer he had allured the Frenchmen called Rascians to
ioyned with 〈◊〉 it is an vncredible thing how greatly they encreased The enryching of the Iewes came by the reuenewes of Balme whiche groweth no where but only in their countrie For there is a certayn valey inclosed round about with continuall hylles as it were walles like vnto gardines The place conteyning two huâ—…dred thousand Acres is named Iericho In the same vale there is a wood notable bothe for the frutefulnesse and for the pleasauntnesse thereof For it is beset with date trees and balme trees The Balme trees are lyke in makyng and groweth vnto pytche trees sauyng that they be much lower and are dressed as vines are These at certeyn tymes of the yere doe swete out balme But the place is not so muche to be wondered at for the frutefulnesse as for the colenesse thereof For whereas throughout all the Clymate of that Countrie the sunne is excedyng hote there is in that place as it were a naturall warmenesse and a continuall shadowe In that countrie is a lake which for the greatnesse therof and for the vnmouable standyng of the water is called the dead sea For neyther is it moued with y â— wyndes by reason the bytumen resisteth the force of them wher with all the water is made to stand immouable neyther can it be sayled vppon bycause that all thynges wantyng lyfe synke downe to the bottom and it will not beare any substaunce onlesse it be ouerlayed with Alume Xerxes kyng of Persia fyrst subdued the Iewes Afterward they and the Persians also were brought in subiection by great Alexander and continued a longe tyme vnder the gouernaunce of the Empyre of Macedone Lastely rebellyng agaynst Demetrius by sekyng the frendshyppe and Aliance of the Romayns who at that tyme dyd cut large thonges of other mens lether they were the fyrste of all the Nacions of the East that requested lybertie Duryng the same tyme that there was such alteracioÌ„ of the kyngdome of Syria among the new kynges Attalus kyng of Asia distayned his moste florishyng kyngdome which he had receyued of his vncle Eumenes with the slaughter of his frendes and thexecucion of his kynsfolke false lye surmisyng one whyle that the olde lady his mother another while that his owne spouse Beronice were by their sorcery and enchauntmentes kylled After the committyng of this wicked and outragious crueltie he put on fylthie apparell he let his hed and his beard growe long lyke as offenders are wont to dooe in person he woulde not come abrode he would not shew himself to the people he would not make any myrthe or good chere in his house no nor pretend anie token at all of a manne that is in his right wittes so that it was not to be thought but that he punished himselfe to pacifye the Ghostes of suche as he had wrongfullie put to death There vppon leauyng the gouernement of the kyngdome he gaue himselfe to makyng of gardynes and sowed sedes settyng herbes anâ—… wedes myngled togyther all the which he woulde stepe in venemous liquors and send as a speciall present to his frendes Furthermore he gaue himselfe to the studie of Smyths craft and to founding of metalles maruelously delightyng in meltyng and casting of brasse Fynallie entendyng to make his mother a Tumbe as he was earnestlie occupied about the same he caught a Surfettâ—… by the heate of the sunne of the which he dyed within seuen dayes after By his last will he made the people of Rome his hâ—…ire But there was one Aristonicus the sonne of Eumenes not begotten in lawfull wedlocke but borne of a single woman of Ephesus the daughter of a certayn Mynstrell who after the death of Attalus toke vppon â—…im the kyngdome of Asia as yf it had ben his by right of inheritaunce When he had fought manie prospâ—…rous battelles agaynst such of the Cities as woulde not yelde themselfes vnto him for feare of the Romayns and thervppon semed now to be righfull kyng in dede Licinius Crassus the Consul was appoynted to haue the charge of Asia who hauyng more mynde of Attalus riches then of the warre by aduenture in the later end of the wynter for wante of good order and gouernaunce in the fyelde was ouercomme and with the losse of his lyfe suffered due punishement for his vnaduised rashenesse and couetousnesse In his roume was sent the Consull Perpenna who in the fyrst encounter vanquished Aristonicus and toke him prisoner and also shipped all the riches of Attalus belongyng to the Romayns by force of Legacie and conueyed them to Rome The which his successor Marcus Aquilius the Consul takyng sore to hart made al the hast and spede he could deuise to take Arystonicus perforce out of Perpennas hand as who shoulde say that he himself ought rather to haue the honor of Tryumph foâ—… vanquishyng hym But the deathe of Perpenna brake the stryfe of the Consulles and so Asia beyng made the right of the Romayns with her richesse sent also her vices vnto Rome The. xxxvii Boke AFter that Arostonicus was takeÌ„ prisoner the Massilias sent Ambassadors to Rome humblye requestyng pardon for the Phocenses their fouÌ„ders whose Citie Senate yea and name the Romaynes had geuen sentence should be vtterly rooted out bycause that bothe at that tyme and before tymes when they had warres with Antiochus the same lyke deadlie enemies had euer furthered the warre agaynste theym the which request with much sute the Massilians obteyned This done they rewarded the kynges that had ayded them agaynst Aristonicus vnto Mythridates kyng of Pontus they gaue the lesser Syria vnto the sonnes of Ariarathes kyng of Cappadocia who lost his lyfe in the same battell they gaue Licaonia and Cilicia And the people of Rome delt more faithfully with the sonnes of their confederates then the mother dyd deale with her owne children For by th one the child had his kyngdome enlarged by thother he was bereft of his lyfe For Laodice of syxe sonnes that Ariarathes had begotten by her for feare least by continuall succession in the gouernement of the kyngdome some of them mighte happen to come to mannes estate kylled fyue of them One of the yongest by the helpe of his kynred was saued from his mothers crueltie who after the death of the sayde Laodice for the people had put her to death for her crueltie enioyed the kyngdome alone Mythridates also beyng surprised by sodayne death left a sonne behynd him of his owne name who afterward grewe so great that he surmounted in estate not onely the kynges of his tyme but also all the kynges that had ben before hym and helde warres with the Romaynes syxe and fowerty yeres togither sometyme with conqueste and sometime with losse Whome the moste expert and valiant Captaynes Sylla and Lucullus with diuers others in fine â—…us Pem peius ouercame in such sorte that he still rose with greater force and prowesse to renewe the battell and by
richesse in old tyme the which they should not nede to go to fyght for but to go to take possession of For Asia was so desyrous of their commyng that she called cryed to them a loude to make speade So greate a hatreded toward the Romayns hadde the greadie rauenousnesse of their Proconsultes the pollyng and shauing of their tolle gatherers the wrongfull delyng in sutes and controuer lies of the lawe of their officers rooted in the hartes of them all Wherefore he willed them to doe no more but followe him manfully ponder with themselfes what so great an army might be able to doe hauyng such a Capitayne as he was whome they themselfes had sene without the helpe of any of his souldiers by his own industrie onely slea the kyng of Cappadocia seyze his kyngdome who onely of all the men that euer lyued conquered all the countries borderyng vppo◅ the sea of Pontus Scythia also the whiche before his tyme no man could trauel through no nor go vnto in sauftie As for his own Iustice and lyberalitie he woulde not refuse that his souldiers which had had sufficient tryall and experience of them should beare wytnesse to the same as of the whiche these were manifest tokens that he only of all kyngs enioyed not onely the kyngdomes that his father possessed before him but also for his bountie and magnificence was adopted to be heyre of other forreyne Realmes as Colchos Paphlagonia and Bosphorus whiche he nowe peaceablie helde ▪ When he had thus encouraged his souldiers after the. xxiii yere of his reygne he entered into warre agayn◅ the Romayns At that tyme in Egypte after the death of P◅olomy kyng of Cyrene both the kyngdome and the Quene Cle◅patra his syster to be his wy◅e ▪ ◅lomy was glad in that he had recoured his brothers king dome without battell the which he knewe his mother Cleopatra and certeyn of the noble men went preuelye about to assure vnto his brothers sonne But assone as b◅ came vnto Alexandria to the great displeasure of all the Cytie he caused all such as fauored the chylde to be put to death The chylde himself also he slew in his mothers armes the very same day that he maried her in the myd des of all the feastyng and solemne ceremonies of wed◅cke And so he wēt to bed with his syster all bestayned with the blood of her sonne After the whiche dede he became euen as meke to his other countreymen that had called him to the kyngdome For he gaue his souldiers which were straungers leaue to kill whome they wold so that daylie all places were on a gore blood and he put away his syster and toke to wyfe her daughter a fayre yong mayden hauyng firste rauished her per force with the which thynges the people wer so dysmayed that they shronke away so◅e one whether and some another forsakyng theire natife countrie like banished folk for dread of death Ptolomy beyng left alone with his souldioures in so greate a Cytie when he sawe howe he was a Kynge of emptie houses and not of men made proclamacion that straungers shoulde come and inhabite the Cytie after whose resor thyther he went forth to mete the Romayn Ambassadors Scipio Affricanus Spurius Mumius and Lucius Metellus which came to see howe the Realmes of their confederates wer ordered But loke howe cruell he was to all his owne countriemenne so much was he a laughyng stocke to the Roma◅ns For he was yll visaged a dwarfe of stature he had such a fat paunche that he semed more lyke a beast then a man the whiche fouldnesse and deformitie his smal shyrle voyce and his thinne garmentes dyd more encrease as thogh of set purpose he had set oute the thynges to be sene which he that had any regarde of shame oughte with all care and studie to haue hydden moste secretlie After the departure of Thambadoures of the whiche Affricanus whiles he behelde the Cytie was himselfe a spectacle to the Alexandrians Ptolomy beyng nowe hated euen of his Alientes also fledde preuely oute of the Realme with his sonne whome he had begotten of hys syster and with his wyfe her owne mothers paramour for feare of treason and hauyng gotten an hoste of hyred souldiours he made warre bothe agaynst his syster and agaynst his owne countrie Afterwarde he sent for his eldest sonne from Cyrene for bycause the Alexandrians shoulde not make him kyng agaynste him he putte hym to deathe Then the people in despyght of him brake doune his ymages and tare doune hys pictures The which thyng thynkyng to be doone by the procuremente of hys syster he slew the sonne whome he hadde begotten uppon her and then cuttyng hys bodie in gobbettes closed it vp in a Casket and sent it for a present to the mother as she was makyng feast and great chere vpon the day of her byrth The whiche was a bitter and sorowfull syght not onelie to the Quene herself but also to all the whole Cytie and it cast such a grief vppon that ioyfull feast that sodaynlie in all the Court was nothyng but mournyng and lamentyng The noble men therfore turnyng themselfes from feastyng to funeralles shewed to the people the mangled bodie declaryng what hope they oughte to haue of theyr kyng who hadde so cruelly murdered his owne chylde Cleopatra after that the sorow for losse of her sonne was ceased perceyuyng herselfe to be sore infested by her brothers warre Demaunded help of Demetrius Kyng of Syria by his Ambassadors whose chances were strange and worthie to be spoken of For Demetrius as it is shewed before makyng warre agaynst the Parthians gettyng the victorie in manie encounters was sodaynlie sur prised by pollicie and besydes the losse of his armie was also himself taken prysoner Whome Arsaces kyng of the Parthians sent into Hyrcanie and of his noble and Royall courage not onely gaue him enterteynement lyke a kyng but also gaue him his daughter in mariage promisyng moreouer to restore him the kyngdome of Syria which Tryfo hadde vsurped in his absence After whose death Demetrius beynge past hope of returnyng into his kyngdome and beyng not able to away with captiuitie beyng wearie of his priuate lyfe though he lyued neuer so welthelie assayed a faithfull frende to steale home into his owne kyngdome His counseler and companyon in this enterprise was a frend of his called Callimander who after his Maisters captiuitie hyryng guydes for mo ny himself disguysed in Parthian apparell came oute of Syria through the deserts of Arabie vnto Babylon But Phrahartes which succeded Arsaces sent oute post horses after him who made such spede by gayner ways that they ouertoke him and brought him back agayn When he came before the kyng Callimander was not only par doned but also highlie rewarded for his faithfulnesse towards his Master But Demetrius with a great rebuke was sent agayn to his wyfe into Hyrcanie and ther
but of loue Whervppon callyng to her the souldiers she sent certayn of them herself to thrust her syster through Who enteryng into the temple when they could not pull her oute they cut of her handes as she had clasped them about the Image of the Goddesse Then Cleopatra cursyng those wicked murderers besechyng the Goddes whose sanctuary they had defyled to reuenge her vppon them dyed It was not long after but Cyricenus encountered again with his brother where gettyng â—…hupper hand he tooke Gryphin the wyfe of Grypho prysoner which latelie had put her syster to death with execucion of whome he dyd obsequies to his wyues Ghoste But in Egypt Cleopatra beyng greued that her sonne Ptolomy should be partener with her in the kyngdome incensed the people agaynste him and hauyng taken his wyfe Seleuce awaye from him which was so much to more griefe to him bycause he had begotten two sonnes by her bannished him the Realme sendyng for her yonger sonne Alexander whome she crowned kyng in his brothers stead And yet beyng contented to haue banished her sonne she pursued him with battell where he kept as a bannished man in Cyprus When she had dryuen him from thence also she put the Capitayn of her host to death bycause he had suffered him to escape alyue out of his handes Albeit to say the truthe Ptolomy departed oute of the Ilande rather because he was ashamed to fyghte with his mother then that he was not of power able to encounter her Alexander therefore dreadyng this his mothers crueltie departed his waye and left her alone desyring rather to lyue meanely in quiet saufegarde then to reygne as a kyng alwayes in daunger of his lyfe Cleopatra fearyng least Cyricenus should helpe her elder sonne Ptolomy to recouer the kyngdome of Egypt sent great ayde to Grypho and her daughter Seleuce to be his wyfe to th entent he should persyst enemie to her fyrst husband as he had ben before and also sent Ambassadors to her sonne Alexander to call him to the kyngdome agayne Agaynst whome as she was practisyng of mischief to bryng him to destruccion she was by him preuented and put to death and so she ended her lyfe not by naturall destynie but by deserued murder Surelie she was well worthie of such a slaunderous death which had defyled her owne mothers bed and put her besyde her husband whiche had made two of her daughters so oftentymes wydowes by choppyng and chaungyng of their husbandes which had banished th one of her sonnes pursewyng him with battell when she had done and hauyng wrested the kyngdome from thother had practised also to bryng him to his ende through treason Neuerthelesse Alexander himself escaped not altogyther vnpunished for committyng so abhominable a murder For assone as it was knowen that the mother was slayne by the wickednesse of her sonne the people rose agaynst him and draue him into exyle and callyng home Ptolomy agayne set him in possession of the kyngdome who was of that modestie that he would neyther make warre agaynste his mother nor yet chalenge that of his brother by force which was his before by right of inheritance Whyle these thynges were a doyng a bastard brother of his to whome his father had by his laste will bequeathed the kyngdome of Cyrene deceased and lefte the people of Rome to be his heyre For by this tyme the fortune of Rome was such â–ª that beyng not content with the boundes of Italie it began to stretche itselfe to the kyngdomes of the East By meanes whereof that part of Lybie was at that tyme made a prouynce and shortlie after Candy and Cilicia beyng subdued in the warres agaynst the Pyrates were brought in lykewyse in order of prouynces By the which dede bothe the kyngdomes of Syria and Egypt were streightned by the neyboured of the Romaynes and whereas before tymes they were wonte to encrease their Dominion by warryng vppon their borderers now beyng abridged of their lybertie to roue whâ—…r they lyst they turned their power to their own confusion In so much that beyng coÌ„sumed through coÌ„tinuall feightyng they were had in despight of their next neighbours and were as a praye to the Arabians whiche before that tyme were neuer knowen to be menne of warre Whose kyng Herotymus vppon trust that he had in his syx hun dred sonnes whiche he had begotten of his concubynes with sundrie Armies made rodes somtimes into Egypt and sometyme into Syria by meanes whereof within a while through the weaknesse and feblenesse of his neighbours he made the name of the Arabians famous and redoubted The. xl Boke THe kyng kyngdome of Syria being consumed through the natural hatred of the brothers and through the deadlie enmytie of their children succedyng in their fathers steppes one after an other with so mortal warre as neuer could be appeased the people resorted to straungers for refuge and be gan to loke about them for some forreyn kyng Therfore when as some thought it good to sende for Mithridates kyng of Pontus and some for Ptolomy kyng of Egypt and that it came to their remembraunce that Mithridates on th one syde was entangled with the warres of the Romayns and that Ptolomy on thother syde hadde euer ben an enemie to the kyngdome of Syria they consented all vppon Tygranes kyng of Armenia who besydes the power of his owne countrie was also supported by confederacie with the Parthians and by aliance with Mythridates Beyng therfore crowned king of Syria he enioyed the kyngdome excedyng quietlie by the space of eyghtene yeres hauyng no nede at all eyther to assayle others him selfe or to repulse others that assayled him But as Syria was in sauftie from forreyne 〈◊〉 â—…o was it greatlie wasted with an erthquake in the which ther perisshed an hundred threskore ten thousand men besydes the ruine of manie cities The whiche wonder the soothesayers interpreted to betoken a great alteracion of thynges For when Lucullus had ouercome Tygranes he proclaymed Antiochus the sonne of Cyricenus kyng But that which Lucullus had gyuen Pompeius afterward toke awaye who tolde him that he would not haue made him kyng of Syria no though he had sewed for it and muche lesse put it in his mouthe without chalengyng it Consyderyng that duryng the eyghtene yeres that Tygranes held Syria he had lyen lurkyng in a corner of Sylicia but assone as the Romayns had ouercome the sayde Tygranes he put himselfe forthe to sue for the reward of other mennes trauell Therfore lyke as yf he had had the kyngdome before he would not haue taken it from him euen so seyng he coulde fynde in his hart to suffer Tygranes to enioye it peaceablie so long he would not bestowe the thyng vppon him which he knew not howe to defende for doubte lest he might be an occasion that the Jewes and ArabiaÌ„s should enterprise to robbe and spoyle the countrie of Syria agayn So
natife countrie Therfore he toucheth brieflie the beginnyng of the Romayne Empyre so that he neyther excedeth the boundes which he propounded to himselfe in his worke nor yet passeth ouer with silence the fondacion of that Cytie which out of doubt is head of all the world The fyrste inhabiters of Italye were the Aborigines whose kyng Saturne is reported to haue ben of suche Iustice and vprightnesse that duryng his â—…eygne ther was not any slaue or bondman nor any man that had oughte priuate to himself but all thynges were common and vndeuided to all menne a lyke as thoughe it hadde benne one Patrymonie and one Inheritaunce equallie belongyng to all menne In remembraunce of the which example it is enacted that in the feast of Sâ—…turne no man shoulde be more set by then another but that the bondemen should syt doune to their meale fellowelyke with theire Maysters eueryewher Furthermore Italy was called Saturnia after the name of the foresayd kyng The Hyll also where he dwelled was called Saturne on the which at this day Iupiter hauyng as it were remoued Saturne out of his place standeth the Capitoll After him in the thirde place by reporte reygned Faunus in whose tyme Euander with a small companie of his countrymen came from Palantener a cytie of Arcadie into Italie to whome Faunus of gentlenesse and courtesie assigned landes to lyue vppon and the mountayne which afterward he called PalaÌ„tine In the foote of this hill he builded a Temple to Lycens whome the Grekes call Pan and the Romaynes Lupercus The Image of the God beyng otherwise naked is clade in a goates skynne in the whiche maner oâ—… attyre menne are yet wonte to runne vp and doun the stretes of Româ—… in the celebracion of the feastes kepte vnto Pan. Faunus had a wyfe named Fatua whiche beyng continuallie rauished with a holy spirite as it were in a furie Prophecied of thynges to comme whervppon such as are wonte to be so inspyred are sayd to playe fatua vnto this day Of the daughter of Faunus and Hercules who the same tyme hauyng kylled Gerion draue his cattel which he had gotten in reward of his victorie throughe Italie was vnlefull begotten Latinus Duryng whose raygne Aeneas after that Troye was destroyed by the Grekes â–ª came from thence into Italie Where at his fyrst arriuall he was bydden battell But when he hadde brought his menne into the field before thencounter they fell to communicacion In the whiche he brought Latinus in suche admiracion of him that he was content to make him Compartener of hys kyngdome and also made him his sonne in lawe by geuyng him his daughter Lauinia in mariage After this they made warre 〈◊〉 agaynste Turnus kyng of the Rutilians who chalenged them for defraudyng him of Lauinia that by promis should haue ben his wyfe In the which bothe Turuus Latinus wer slayn Aeneas therfore obteynyng bothe the nacions by the law of armes buylded a cytie gaue it the name of his wyfe Afterward he made warre agaynste Mezentius kyng of the Hetruscians in the which he was slayne and his son Ascanius succeded in his stead Who leauing Lauinium buylded Alba longa the whiche for the space of thre hundred yeres togyther was the head of the kyngdom After manie kynges of this Cytie at length raygned Numitor and Amulius But Amulius hauyng wrongfully deposed his elder brother Numitor to thentente none yssue male should ryse of the stock of Numitor to chaleng the croune thrust his daughter Rhea into a nonrie there to leade all her lyfe in vowâ—…d virginitie clokyng his iniurie with an honorable color that men might suppose she was not put there as a condemned persone but rather made chief prio resse of the place by election Beyng therefore as a recluse in the Groue consecrated to Mars she was delyuered of two sonnes whether she conceyued them by aduouterye or by Mars no manne is able to say of a truthe Amulius vppon knowledge hereof beyng in more feare then euer he was by reason of the byrth of the two children coÌ„man ded them to be cast away and layd their mother in prison through distresse wherof she dyed But fortune prouiding before hand for thoriginall of the Romaynes sente a she-wolfe to nource the children the whiche hauyng loste her whelpes for desyre to haue her dugges drawen that wer payned with fulnesse of mylke offered herselfe to be nourice to the chyldren As â—…he came and went oftentymes to the children lyke as yf they had ben her whelpes A shepeherde named Faustulus perceyued the matter and stealyng them from the wolfe brought them vp lyke shepeherdes among his Cattel Now whether it were for that they were borne in the Groue of Mars or for that they were nourished by a wolf which is in the tuicion of Mars it was beleued to be as a manifest proofe that they were the sonnes of Mars The one of theÌ„ was named Remus thother Romulus When thei were men growen they accustomed to trye Maystries daylie one with an other wherby they encreased as well in strength as in agilitie and swyftnes Therfore when they had oftentymes man fully pollitiquely chased away the thefes from stealyng of the cattell Remus was taken by the sayde thefes as though he had ben thâ—… same himself whiche he had prohibited thothers to doe was brought before the kyng and there accused for a stealer of Numitors cattell Whervppon the kyng deliuered him to Numitor to punish as he thought good But Numitor hauyng pitie of the yonge man had half a mistrust that he should be one of his nephewes that were cast away by reason he resembled his daughter so much in fauor and makyng by reason that the tyme of her deliueraunce was agrâ—…able vnto his yeres As he was in this doubtfull perplexitie with himself Faustulus came sodaynlie in with Romulus by whome beyng further instructed of the byrthe bringyng vp of the children they made a conspiracie and toke weapon in hand the yong men to reuenge their mothers death and Numitor to recouer the kyngdome wrongfully witholdeÌ„ from him Amulius was slayne and Numitor restored to the crowne Anone after the yongmen builded the cytie of Rome The whiche beyng finished there was ordeyned a Senate of an hundred elders which were called fathers Then because the neighbours disdeyned to marry their daughters to shepeherdes they rauished the maydens of the Sabines aud hauyng subdued the people that were next about them fyrst they gate thempore of Italy and anone after th empyre of the whole worlde At those dayes as yet the kynges in stead of Diademes hadde maces which the Grekes call Scepters For euen from the fyrst begynnyng of thynges men in olde tyme dyd worship maces for Goddes In remembraunce of which Religion the ymages of the Goddes are yet styll â—…ade with Maces in their handes In the tyme of kyng Tarquine a companie of the Phocenses
captayn general agaynst them who as he lay at siege before the cytie with a great host of the best men that could be chosen in all the countrie saw in his slepe the likenesse of a womaÌ„ with a grim terrible contenance which saide she was a Goddesse at her syght he was so astraught that of his own mynde vn requested he made peace with y â— Massiliens And making request y â— he might enter into their cytie to worship their Goddes when he came into the teÌ„ple of Minerua espiyng in the porches the ymage of the Goddesse whiche he had sene in his dreame he cryed out sodaynlie that is was eueÌ„ she y â— had feared him in the night it was she that câ—…maun ded him to raise his siege Wheruppon greatly reioysing with the Massyliens bycause he perceyued that the Goddes immortall had suche care and regarde ouer them he gaue the Goddesse a chayne of Golde for an offering and made abonde of frendshyp and amitie with the MassilieÌ„s to coÌ„tinue for euer After that they had thus gotteÌ„ peace and established quietnesse the Massilieu 〈◊〉 returnyng from Delphos whether they had ben to carie presents vnto Apollo heard say that the Citie of Rome was taken and burnt by the Frenchmen The which â—…dynges when they had brought home the Massiliens pro claymed an vniuersall mournyng as if it had ben for the deathe of some especiall frendes and gathered all their Golde togyther as well priuate as publike the whiche they sent to make vp the Summe that the Frenchmen demaunded of the Romaynes for their raunsome and for to graunt them peace In recompence of whiche good turne they were made free of the Citie of Rome and placed amonge the Senatoures at all showes and pageantes And Alyance was knytte with them to be contynuallye reputed as Romaynes In his laste Booke Trogus declareth that his Auncestours fetche their Pe tegrie from the Uolces that his Graundfather Trogus Pompeius in the warres againste Sertorius dyd saue the Citie to Eneus Pompeius that his vncle hadde the leadynge of the Horsemen vnder the said Pompey in the warre againste Mythridates and that his father also serued in the warres vnder C. Caesar in the roume of Secretarie Lieuetenaunt and keper of his Seale The xliiii Boke SPayne lyke as it is the vttermost bownd of Europe so shall it also be th end of this woorke Men in olde tyme called it Iberia after the Ryuer Iberus and afterwarde they called it Spayne after the name of Hispalus This Countrey lyeth betwene affrike and Fraunce and is enclosed with thocean Sea the mountaines Pyrenei Lyke as it is lesser then anye of bothe those landes so is it more fertile then them bothe For neyther is it scorched with the outrageous heat of the sonne as Affrike is nor infèsted with contynuall windes as Fraunce is But as it is mydde betwene them both so on th one syde through temperate heat and on thother through the moysture os pleasaunt shoures fallynge in due season it becoÌ„meth fertilie of all kynde of fruite and graine in so muche that if not onely suffiseth thinhabytants therof but also sendeth abundaunce of all thynges into Italye and euen vnto Rome it selfe For there coÌ„meth from thence not onely great plentie of Corne and graine but also of wine hoÌ„ny and Oyle Besydes that there is not onely the best yron and steele that can be but also many races of most swifte horses neyther are the coÌ„modities that growe aboue the ground to be praysed onely but also the plentyfull riche Mynes of Mettalles hydden deepe within the grounde Of Flaxe and Baste there is great store and as for Uermilion there is no lande hath more plentie of it In this land are running Ryâ—…ers not violently outragiously flo wing to do any harm but gently moisting the vineyards and cornefieldes and where they ebbe and flow with the Oceane very full of all kynde of fysâ—…hes wherof many al so are riche of gold whiche they carrye to their great coÌ„mendacion Onely by the rydge of the mouÌ„tains Pyrenei is it parted froÌ„ Fraunce being on all other partes besyde enuironed rownd about with the Sea The platte of the land is almost fouresquare sauing that the Sea beatyng on both sydes doth gather it somewhat narrower at the mountaynes Pyrenei Moreouer whereas the Mountaynes Pyrenei ronne it is in bredth syx hundred myles The aire is holsome throughe all Spayne and the winde so coole in a temperate that there ryseth no stynkynge miâ—…tes out of the lowe groundes and marisses to infect it Besydes this the continuall ayre of the saltwater rysyng from the Sea round about on all sydes perseth throughe the whole countrie the whiche beyng qualyfied with the open aire of the land do chiefly preserue al men in health The bodies of the men are readie to endure hunger and payne their myndes readie to abyde deathe They liue all very nigardly and hardly they couet rather war then peace If they want a foreyn enemie they will seke one at home Oftentymes haue they dyed vpon the racke for concealyng thinges put to them in secret So much dooe they esteme more their secresie theÌ„ their lyues the which may well be perceyued by the sufferance of that seruaunt in the warres of Carthage who hauyng reuenged the death of his Master in the mids of his torments laughed reioysed with a mery and gladsome countenance vanquished the crueltie of his tormentours The people of that contrie are excedyng swift of foote vnquiet of mynd and many of them set more by their horses and armour then by their owne blood They make not anye preparature for feastyng but onely vppon high solemne dayes to washe in warme water they lerned of the Romayns after the second warres with Carthage Duryng the con tinuance of so many hundred yeres they neuer had anye worthie captayne sauyng Uiriatus Who by the space of tenne yeres togither helde y e Romains at the staues end sometime to his gain sometime to his losse so much wer they of nature more like brute beastes then like men the which forenamed captayn they followed not as one chosen by the discretion of men but onely bycause he was pol litique connyng in auoidyng eschewyng of daungers Yet notwithstandyng he was of that vertuous behauior modestie that albeit he oftentmies vanquished the consuls with their armies yet after so greate enterprises atcheued he neither changed the fashioÌ„ of his armour neyther altered the fashion of his apparell nor brake he thor der of his dyet but loke in what sorte he began fyrste his warres in the same he continued to the last so that there was neuer a coÌ„mon souldier but semed welthier then the Captayn It is reported of diuers writers y e about the riuer Tagus in Portingal mares doe coÌ„ceiue w t the wind The which fable sprang fyrste of the frutefulnesse
the Sun with thynter pretatioÌ„ ther of Agathocles setteth hys ships on fyre A slaughter of the Caâ—…tha ginenses The cities oâ—… Aâ—…icke reuolte to Agathocles A slaughter of the Carthâ—… ginenses in Sicâ—… The kynge Cyrene Cyrene 〈◊〉 teth to Agathocles Another great slaugâ—… ter of the 〈◊〉 thaginienses The punyshment of Bomilcar The wordes of Bomilcar vppon the 〈◊〉 Agathoâ—…les returneth into Sicil and raisâ—…th the siege of Syracuse A mutiny Agathoâ—…es taketh a 〈◊〉 by 〈◊〉 â–ª Agathocles stealâ—…th froâ—… his 〈◊〉 Agathoclâ—…s sonns are 〈◊〉 to death Agathoclâ—… taketh 〈◊〉 wyth the Câ—… thaginenses Agathocles maketh war in Italy The manner of the educati on of the Lucanes The 〈◊〉 of the Bruâ—…ans The warâ—… of â—…he Brutâ—…ans Agathocleâ—… arriued in 〈◊〉 â–ª taly Agathocles falleth syckâ—… A fayâ—…hful and louynge wyfe A descriptyon of a lamentable departure The death 〈◊〉 Agathoâ—…s The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…uade 〈◊〉 He 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 of Pyrrhus mentioned 〈◊〉 the. xviii boke Pyrrhus loâ—…eth the king dome of Sicill A notable example of the variablenesse of fortune Of the educa tion and preferment of Hiero. H 〈◊〉 lâ—…ft thâ—… xvi 〈◊〉 Antâ—…chus the sonne of 〈◊〉 and Anâ—…gonus the sonne of 〈◊〉 The Grekes rebeil agaynst themâ—…yre The Grekes are â—…ut to â—…ght by the â—…lian â—…heardes He pursueth the treachery and deceit of Ptolomy â—…eÌ„â—…oned in the xvi boke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ryeth hys owneâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iudas 〈◊〉 The naturall affectyon of amother The 〈◊〉 crucity of Pâ—…o 〈◊〉 toward hys syster Murdâ—… 〈◊〉 peth not 〈◊〉 punâ—… Of the â—…ges of the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 hardynesse of Ptolomy The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 The â—…ful 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 men inuade â—…gayne The malapâ—…r te scoffyng of Brennus The situatioÌ„ of the temple of Delphos The description of the place where the 〈◊〉 are geuen The â—…of Euridanus and 〈◊〉 salonus The Oracle before the 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 The frenche men assalte the citie of Delphos note the ilusi on of y ◠〈◊〉 The frenche men are put to the 〈◊〉 and oppressed wyth lyghtâ—… and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 â—… men 〈◊〉 of Grece and the vtter destrucryon of them Here foloweth the storye 〈◊〉 in the beginning of the laste booke The French men inuade Macedone the thyrdâ—… tyme. Antigonus po licy to 〈◊〉 himselfe and hys A slaughtâ—… of the french men The greate encreaseof the frenchmen and theyr redouted prow 〈◊〉 The original of the French grekes in Asia the lesse Loke the xxiii boke Pyrâ—…hus con quereth Maâ—… 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 again The doingeâ—… of Pyrrhus The 〈◊〉 raygne of â—…he tirant 〈◊〉 The prudent deuise of Helemat in suppressyng the Tyrant The poliâ—…yke celerity of An tigonus in suppressyng his enemyes The furious cruelty of the frenthmen towardes theyr owne wiues and children The 〈◊〉 slaughter of the 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 ful 〈◊〉 of fortune Read more of the stories of Epyre in the. xxviii booke A gas kyng of â—…yrene â—…uoutry re â—…enged 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 aâ—…d put to death The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The fortunaâ—…e mischaÌ„s of Seleucus 〈◊〉 is vanquished by 〈◊〉 kynge of Egypt The wicked and ambitious â—…urde of Antiochus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 brother 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vanquished by Emneâ—…s kinge of Bythiâ—…a Asia the 〈◊〉 mon prayâ—… 〈◊〉 kynges Antiochus is ouercome of Seâ—…cus 〈◊〉 is slayne by theues 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hys 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 history of â—… 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 â–ª 〈◊〉 He was the soune of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…pussed by 〈◊〉 The good an swer of the Aeâ—…yans to the ambassadoures of Rome The Aâ—…ly â–ª ans inuade Acarâ—… The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cay of the â—…loud royall in Epyre. The â—…aunce of God for 〈◊〉 murdâ—… The pollicy of Antigonus in retaynyng the kyngdom of Macedone Warre betwene the Spartanes and the Macedones The couragy ousnesse of 〈◊〉 kyng of the Lacedemonians The 〈◊〉 of Antigonus hauing gotâ—… the victory The sonne of Demetrius An alteratioÌ„ of kingdomes by the successi on of younge kynges The occasâ—…on of the wars betwene the Româ—…es and the Macedones Philip perswadeth the Grekes to peace and tranquilitye Philip 〈◊〉 defiancâ—… to the Romaines The Romaines and Phil â—…ip sollicit the Acâ—…olians th one agaynst the other The Darbanians inuade Macedone Phillip is â—…exed wyth the coÌ„plaints of his confederates Phillip tâ—…keth truse wyth the Ro maines See what the euyll ensample 〈◊〉 a prince dotâ—… â–ª God sendeâ—… fortune to fooles The 〈◊〉 and abheminable 〈◊〉 of Pâ—…olomy Phâ—… patâ—…r The death of Prolomy and the banyshment of hys strumpets The Româ—…nes are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Egypt Complaintâ—… 〈◊〉 aâ—…st Philâ—… aâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 made agayâ—… hym by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 An earthquake Phillip encourageth the Macedones a gainst the Romaines 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 Phillip 〈◊〉 â—… 〈◊〉 â–ª Antiochus inuadeth the Empyre of Egypt King of the Lacedemonians An ambassaâ—… sent into â—…fricke to surprise 〈◊〉 Hanniball prâ—…uenteth the deuyses of the Romaines Nabis is oâ—…ercome Nabis renuâ—…th the wars 〈◊〉 â–ª The 〈◊〉 of Philopemenes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with Antiochus He that â—…kens wyth out hys hoste muste 〈◊〉 twise Hannibals counsel to An tiochus agaynste the Romaines A messenger is sent to Carthage from â—…ball The 〈◊〉 ger is apprehended The messanger eskapeth and returneth to Hannibal An ambassad sente from Rome to Antiochus Flatterye Antiochus is displeased 〈◊〉 Haniball for kepyng compani with the Romaines The effect of the Romayne ambassade the answer of Antiochus Consultation concernyng the warres of the 〈◊〉 nes Hannibals adusye as coÌ„cernyng the maintenance of the wars with the Romaines The nature of 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 â–ª 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 flyghâ—… â–ª Hannibal is taken into 〈◊〉 uor again â–ª Hannibal being made admiral of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 by the Romaines â–ª Antiochus â—…esyreth peace The constaÌ„te and vncorupt minde of Affricanus towarde hys countrye Articles of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A battel betwene 〈◊〉 and the 〈◊〉 The magnamâ—…ty of the Romainâ—…s The Aetolians are subdued by the Romaines The 〈◊〉 ou 〈◊〉 the â—…ans and thâ—… Achcaâ—…s â–ª The 〈◊〉 ble courage of Philopemenes aâ—…hys death The death of Antiochus The modesty of Dâ—…metrius wyth the frute therof â—…rtue proâ—…â—…nuy Whâ—…e 〈◊〉 a man 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 worse neyghboure 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bringeth 〈◊〉 home The death of Philâ—…yp kyng of 〈◊〉 What natyons Perses procured to take his part agaynste the Romaines The punyshmente of Saâ—…ledge The original of the Istrians Cowardise punyshâ—…d with râ—…proch Warre betwene Prusias as and Eumenes The 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Haâ—…ibals â—…tageme The deathe of Hanniball The commen dation of HaÌ„niball The preparatâ—…on of the Ro mains and of Philip one against another The Eclipse of the moone The baliant nesse of M. Cato Perses flyeth and is taken prysonner with his chil dren The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the monarchy of 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of the Romaâ—… nes agaynst the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—…o 〈◊〉 beforâ—… 〈◊〉 net Corynthe
the temple of Haâ—…o in Egypt â–ª buyldeth the cytie Alexandria receyueth letters twyse from Darius and replyeth to thesame mourneth for the death of Darius wyse 〈◊〉 the thyrd letter from 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 thereunto 〈◊〉 Darius and 〈◊〉 the Monarchie of the 〈◊〉 with th empyre of Asia rewardeth his souldiers and fyndeth â—…eadyng riches in the cytie 〈◊〉 Da rius is bounde by his â—…wne 〈◊〉 found by a souldier half dead and sore wounded 〈◊〉 whome he 〈◊〉 his mynde and dyeth and Alexander causeth him to be 〈◊〉 accordyng to his estate The conteyntes of the twelueth Boke ALexander buryeth his souldiours sumptuously Agis kyng of 〈◊〉 maketh insurreccion in Grece and is 〈◊〉 â–ª Alâ—…xander kyng of Epyre warreth in Italy is 〈◊〉 to death â—…yron with his hoste is slayn by the Scythâ—…s Alexanders souldiours beyng in Parthia desyre to returne home he subdueth Hyrcanie and the mardes Thalestris Quene of â—…hamazones companyeth with Alexander he vsurpeth the maners of the Persians frequenteth feastyng licenceth his souldiers to mary their prysoners outrageth agaynst his noble menne conquereth the people that inhabite the foote of Cancasus in the which tyme Bessus that kylled Darius is brought bounde vnto him whome he deliuereth to be punished to Oxatres the brother of Darius he buyldeth Alexandria vppon Tanais kylleth Clytus at the table falleth in great dispayre for the same receyueth countries by composicion putteth Calisthenes and other noble men to death gyueth his souldiers syluer Bucklars entereth into Inde where a Quene called Cleophis yeldyng herself and her kyngdome vnto him recepueth it agayne at his hande ouercommeth kyng Porus. buyldeth two cyties subdueth fowâ—… Nacions is desyred by his souldieurs agayne to return home vanquisheth the Euâ—…ytes â—…ceyueth by coÌ„posicion the Gessones Asybanes conquereth the Ambres SycaÌ„bres is sore wounded in the citie of y â— Dpydrakes preserueth his host from poysoned woundes by thadmonishment of a dreame buyâ—…deth a Cytie in the mouthe of the ryuer Indus returneth to Babylon putteth the Lieuetenauntes of diuers countries to deathe punisheth a 〈◊〉 among his souldiers mourneth for the death of 〈◊〉 on enterteyneth thambassadours of Carthage Spayne Fraunce c. is poysoned by Antipater comforteth his souldiers makyng 〈◊〉 tumult for his death deliuereth his ryng to Perdiccas and dyeâ—… The contentes of the thirtenth Boke THe mother of Darius dyeth for sorrowe Aridens is made kyng th empyre is dâ—…utded among the noblemen of Alexander Thatheniens and Aâ—…tolians dryue â—…ntypater oute of Grece Perdiccas makeâ—…h warre agaynst 〈◊〉 kyng of Cappadocia the noblemen of Macedone fal at varians among themselfs the foundacion of the cytie 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 Perdiccas is hated for his pryâ—… and Eumenes wynneth two fieldes â–ª The contentes of the fourtenth Boke EUmenes preuenteth the policies of his enemies he is beseged by Aâ—…tigonus rescowed by Antipater resorteth to the Aâ—…gyraspides for succor is ouer come by Antigonus and is betrayed by his owne souldiers Cassander is made Regent of Grece the Lacedemonians enclose their Cytie with a wal Eurydice and Arideus are slayne at the commaundement of Olympias Cassander lykewyse putteth Olympias to death and â—…prysoneth the sonne of Alexander The conteyntes of the xv Boke THe Conquerours fall at debate for partyng of the pray the Abderties are dryuen out of their countrey with frogges myce Cassander putâ—…eth the sonnes of Alexander to death Ptolomy is vanquished on the sea by Demetrius Alexanders Lieuetenauntes proclay me theâ—…es kynges Lysymachus taketh part with Cassander agaynst Antigonus a discourse of the doynges of the sayde Lysimachus the wonderfull 〈◊〉 of Seleucuâ—… with his par takyng agaynst Antigonus and his conquestes in the East Sandrocotte deliuâ—…th the Indians from the subiection of Macedone and oppressed them with Tyrannie himself â–ª Antigonus is slayne his son Demetrius put to flight the Conquerors â—…al at barâ—…ans agayne among themselues and Cassander dyeth The conteyntes of the. xvi Boke â–ª THabominable murder of Antipater the sonne of 〈◊〉 for the which his brother Alexander proclayâ—…th warre agaynste him Demetrius slayeth Alexander and vsurpeth his part of Macedone Lysimachus yeldâ—…h vnto him the porcion of Antipater also Ptolomy Lysimachus Seleucus Pyrrhus yoine themselfes in league agaynst Demetrius Pyrrhus dryueth Demetrius oute of Macedone Lysimachus putteth his son in law Antipater to death in whome the house of Cassander is extincted Demetrius yeld â–ª th himself prisoner to Seleucus Ptolomy dieth debate falleth betweÌ„ Lysimachus Pyrâ—… he expulsâ—…th Pyrthus out of Macedone â–ª the buyldyng of the Cytie Heraciea in Ponâ—…us the gâ—…es of the Heracleans their courâ—…e towarde their enemies their miserable oppression by tyrannie the bolde enterpryse of Chion and Leonides and the death of them The conteyntes of the. xvii Boke THe horrible Earthquake in Hellesponte and Chersonesus the crueltie of Lysimachus to his owne children by thinstigacion of their â—…tepmother Arsyrice the last warre betwene the succâ—…ssoro of Alexander wherein 〈◊〉 is slayn by Seleucus who also within a while after is slayne by Ptolomy the kynges brother of Egypt Pyrrhus aydâ—…th the â—…tynes agaynst the Romaynes a discourse of the Realme of Epyre with a declaracion of thactes of the kynges thereof The contentes of the. xviii Booke PYrrhus 〈◊〉 the Romayns Mage Duke of Carthagbryngeâ—…h ayd to them and is sent home agayne the Romayues take a truce with Pyrrhus the whiche is â—…ynged by Appius Claudius â–ª Pyrâ—…us takâ—…th vppon him the kyngdome of Syâ—…l the foundacion of Sydon and Tyre with a declaracion of thâ—…re Histories Dydo buyldeth Carthage and sleath herself The Carthaginenses 〈◊〉 abhominable kynde of sacrifice they suâ—…er losse by warre and pâ—…ens Macheus Duke of Carthage 〈◊〉 hys owne 〈◊〉 winneth Carthage is accused of treason and 〈◊〉 put to death The conteyntes of the. 〈◊〉 Boke MAgo Duke of Carthage dyeth his sonnes Hasorâ—…ball Hamilcar succede the Carthaginenses are ouercome by the 〈◊〉 â–ª fres and pay the rent for their cytie sâ—…ill they make warre in Sardynia and Sycill themessage of the Ambassadours of Darius to the Earthaginenses the Afres are compelled to releace the rent â–ª the army of Hamilco perisheâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pescilent influence of the star res the remnant whereof he bryngeth home and kylleth hymself The contents of the. xx Booke DEnnys the elder dryueth the Carthagineâ—…ses out of Sycill and maketh warre in Italy a declaracion of the fondacion of the cyties in Italy the warres betwene the 〈◊〉 and the Locrenses the lyfe doctrine and death of Pythagoras Dennys is ouercomme by the Croteniens and concludeth a league with the Frenchemen the doynges of the Frenchemen in Italy Dennys re turneth into Sycill agaynste the 〈◊〉 and is slayn by his owne men The contentes of the. xxi Boke THe yonger Dennys exercyseth all kynde Tyranny is expulsed the realme exercyseth moste vnspeakable tyranny at Locres in Italy â–ª is dryuen from thence and taketh Syracuse Hanno goeth about to oppresse the coÌ„mon weale of Carthage is â—…rayed twyse and put to death Dennys deposeth
booty falling into their mouthes vnhoped for th one thinking to succede him in his Empire the other to possesse his richesse and moueables Ther wer in the tresory an hundred thousande talentes besides the yerely custom and tribute which amounted to CCC thousand But it was not for nothinge that the noble men of Alexander loked for the kingdome For they were euery one of them of that prowesse representing suche a maiesty therwithall that ye would haue thought them to haue beene kinges euerychone For they were all men of suche beauty and fauour so tall and goodly personages and of so great strength and wisdome that he that had not knowen them would not haue thought they hadde bene all of one country but rather chosen out of all the whole world And surely neither Macedone nor any other coūtry before that time did florish with suche a nomber of noble m◅n whom first of all Philip and afterward Alexander with suche aduisement selected and picked oute that they seemed not so muche to haue bene chosen to attend vppon him and serue him in the warres as to succede in him in his kingdome Who can then meruel that the world was subdued by such men of seruice seing the army of Macedone was gouerned by so many not Captaines but kinges who neuer shoulde haue found their matches if they had not fallen at contention betwene them selues And Macedone should haue had many Alexanders for one if fortune vpon enuy of their owne puissaunce had not armed them one to destroy another But after the time that Alexander was deade they assembled together into one place neither alltogether mery nor out of fear one of another No lesse mistrustinge the men of warre whose liberty was now more large and fauor vncertaine And amonge them selues the equalitye encreased theyr discord no man so farre exceding the rest of his peres that any of them would vouchsafe to submit himself vnto hym Therfore they assembled in the palace all in harnesse to set an order and staye in matters for the tyme. Perdicas thoughte it good to abide the deliueraunce of Roxanes the which had now gone viii monethes with child by Alexander and wold be redy shortly to lie downe and if she brought forth a sonne to substitute him in his fathers stead Meleager replying thervnto said it was not meete to delaye their determination vpon her doubtfull deliueraunce nor to tary for a king that was vnborne sith they mighte take suche as were borne all ready For if they desired to haue a childe to their kinge there was at Pergamus Alexanders sonne by Arsine called Hercules or if they had rather haue a younge man there was in the campe arideus the brother and companion of Alexander one that was welbeloued of all men not onlye for hys owne sake but also for his father king Philippes sake But as for Ro◅nes for as much as she was a Persian it was not lawfull for the Macedones to take them kinges of theyr bloud whose Empire they had subuerted the which thing he said was no part of Alexanders thoughte for he made no mention at all thereof at his deathe Ptolomy refused to haue arideus made king not only for his mothers basenesse for he was begotten of a concubine named Laryssa but also for his continuall sicknesse whiche was greater then could well be abiden in that case least he shoulde beare the name and another all the sway Wherfore it wer better for them to chuse certayn of those whiche for their prowesse and vertues were next vnto the king to rule the prouinces and to take charge of y ◠warres rather then vnder the coloure of a kinge to be at the commaundement of vnworthy persons At length by the consent of them all the sentence of Perdicas tooke place It was thought good to tary for the deliueraunce of Roxanes and if she had a manchilde it was determined that Leonatus Perdicas Craterus ◅tipater shuld be protectours and forth with the rest toke their othe to be obedient to those protectors When the horsmen had done the like the fotemen disdaining that they wer made preuy to no part of their doings proclaimed Arideus the brother of Alexander kynge and chose him a garde of his own kinred geuing him the name of his father king Phillip The which thinges when they were told to the horsmen they sent to appease their wrath two ambassadoures of the noble men Attalus and Melenger who seking preheminence by flatteringe of the comminalty condescended to the souldioures by and by the tumulte increased when it ones had gotten a heade and counsell Then of purpose to destroy the men of armes they armed them selues and rushed into the palace The mē of armes vnderstanding what peril they stode in fearfully conueied them selues out of the city and pitched theyr campe in the fieldes wherat the fotemen also began to be dismaid Neyther did the hatred of the noble men cease Attalus sente to kil Perdicas captain of the aduerse parte Unto whom being armed when they that were sent to strike him durste not approche althoughe of his owne courage he prouoked them thervnto Perdicas was of such boldnesse that of his owne free wil he went to the fotemen and assembling thē together laide to their charge what a heinous matter they attempted willing them to haue respecte againste whome they toke wepon in hande alledginge that they were not Persians but Macedones nor enemies but their own coūtrymen yea many of them their kinsmen or at least wyse for the most part their cōpanions in armes and partakers of their perils Wherfore they should make a goodly show to their ennemies that they might reioyce to see them kill one another by whose puissaunce they lamented them selues to be ouercome and to see them do sacrifice with their own blud to the ghostes of them that they had slain When Perdicas had with his singuler eloquence debated theese matters to the full he moued the footemen in suche wise that by a common consent he was chosen captaine general of them all Then the horsmen also beinge broughte to attonement consented to take Arideus for king reseruing a part of the kingdōe for the sonne of Alexander if any shuld be borne This did they layinge the bodye of Alerander amongst them to th entent that his maiesty mighte be as a witnesse of their decrees and ordinaunces These thynges being thus set at a stay Antipater was made regent of Ma cedone and Grece Craterus was appoynted to be hyghe tresurer The charge of the campe the hoste and matters of warfare wer committed to Meleager and Perdicas and Arideus himself was assigned to conuey Alexanders corse to the temple of Hammon Then Perdicas beinge sore displeased with the authors of the sedition sodenlye withoute knowledge of his fellow cōmaunded the next day a serche should be made in the campe for the death of the kinge When he had set all the hoste
in armour in the field by the consente of them all he called certaine seditious personnes oute of euerye bande and caused them priuelye to be put to death The whiche done he returned againe and deuided the prouinces amonge the princes to the entent he myght send out of the way suche as wer his backe frendes and al so make them all to thinke that it was throughe hys goodnesse that they obtained suche authority First of all Egipt with a part of Affricke and Arabie fell by lot vnto Ptolomy whome Alexander for his manhode and valia◅tnesse had promoted from a raskall souldioure And to pntte him in his office was appoynted Cleomenes which builded Alexandria The next prouince adioyninge thervnto which was Syria was cōmitted to Laomedō of Mytilene Phylotas his son toke Cylicia Sclauonie Ouer the greater Media was made ruler Acr◅pat ouer the lesser Alcet the brother of Perdicas The country of Susa nie was assigned to Syno the greater Phrygia vnto Antigonus the son of Philip Learchus chaunced by lot vpon Lycia and Pamphylia Cassander vpon Caria and Menan der vpon Lydia Unto Leonatus happened the lesser Phri gia vnto Lysymachus Thrace the countries bordering vpon y ◠sea of Pontus Cappadocia with Paphlagonia wer geuen vnto Emnenes The marshalship of the campe fortuned to Seleuchus the sonne of Antiochus Cassander the sonne of Antipater was made captain of the kings garde In the further Bactria and in the countries of Indie the former lieuetenants wer cōmaunded to kepe their offices stil sauing that Taxilles had the gouernaunce of all y ◠lays betwene the two riuers of Hydaspes and Indus And that Phyton the son of Agenar was sent to haue the rule of the new townes that were builded in Indie Ariarches tooke vpon him the gouernment of the Parapomenians people that inhabite the vttermost parts of the mountain Cancasus Statener toke to gouern the Dracans and Argeans Amyntas the Bactrians Scythens obtained the Sogd◅ās Nicanor the Parthians Phillip the Hyrcanians Phrataphernes the Armenians Neoptolemus the Persians Pēcestes the Babylonians Arthius the Pelasgians and Archesilaus Mesapotamia This pertition like as it chaunced to euery one of them as his fatall charge so was it vnto ma nye of them the grounde and foundation of their encreasement and prosperity For ere it was any longe time after as though they hadde deuided kingdomes and not lieuetenauntships so being made kings of lieuetenaūts they not only got greate richesse to them selues but also lefte them to their posterity While these things were a doing in the Ea◅te the Atheniens and the Aetolians renued y ◠warres in Grece withall the power they wer able to make which they had all redy begon while Alexander was aliue The occasion of this warre was because that Alexander at hys retourne from Inde wrote his letters into Grece by the whiche all suche as were banished out of their natiue coun tries of what city so euer they were suche as were attainted of murder onlye excepted were restored to their countries againe The which being openly red in the presens of all Grece at the marte of Olympus caused much busines because that diuers of them were banished not by order of law but through discord and partaking of the princes fearing y ◠if they shuld be reuoked again they might bear grea ter sway autority in the common welth thē they Whervpon euen then many cities murmured saying opely that it wer mete to set them selues at liberty by the sword But the chefe doers and ringleaders in this quarell wer the Atheniens and the actolians Wherof assone as alexander had knowledge he enioyned his confederates to finde hym a thousande gallies to make warre withall in the West pur posing by the way to make a rhode againste athens and to destroy it vtterly The atheniens therfore hauinge raysed an army of thirty thousande souldiers two hūdred ships made warre with Antipater to whome the gouernmente of Grece fel by lot whom for as much as he durst not geue them battel in the field but kept himself within the walles of the city Hiraclea they besieged The very same time De mosthenes the orator of athens who beinge before banished his country for his offence in taking a bribe of Harpa lus that fled for fear of alexanders crueltye because he had moued the city to warre againste him by chaunce liued as an outlaw at Megara hearing that the atheniens had sent Hyperides of ambassade to moue the Pelopomiesians to take their part in these warres folowed him and with hys eloquens perswaded Sycion argos and Corinthe and all the other cities to ioyne them selues with the atheniens For the which his doing the Atheniens sent a ship for him and called him home out of exile In the meane season at the siege of Antipater Leosthenes captaine of the Atheniens was slaine wyth a Darte throwne at him from the wall as he passed by The which thinge gaue suche encouragemente to Antipater that he burste open his barriers and aduenture into the Trenche of his enemies Neuerthelesse he was fain to send his messengers to Leonatus for succour The Atheniens hearing that he was comminge towarde them with an hoste went to meete him in order of battell where amonge the horsemen he receiued so sore a wounde that he died for thwyth Antipater allbeit he sawe his reskowes put to flyghte yet notwithstanding he was gladde that Leonatus was dead For by meanes therof he was bothe rid of a backe frende and also encreased in strengthe by attaininge of his hoste Therfore assone as he had receiued his armye being nowe able to matche with his ennemies in plaine field they raised their siege and he departed into Macedone The Grekishe hoste also hauinge driuen the enemy oute of the borders of Grece went home euerye man to his owne citye In the meane while Perdicas making warre againste the innocent Ariarathes king of Cappadocia and gettinge the vpper hand in the field won nothing therby but woundes and pearils For his enemies retiring out of the battel into the city slue their wiues and children and set their houses and all that euer they had on fire Moreouer when they had throwen there into all theyr richesse they caste them selues also hedlong after them to the entent their enemy hauing gotten the victory shoulde enioy nothing of theirs more then the beholdyng of y ◠fire After this to th entent that to thestablishment of his strēgth he might get himself thautority of a king he entended to mary Cleopatra the sister of great Alexander and some time the wife of the other Alexander not without the con sent of her mother Olympias But first of al he coueted to surprise antipater vnder pretence of ioyninge aliaunce with him And therfore he pretended to desire his Daughter in mariage to th entent he might the more easly obtain a sup plement of yong souldiers oute of
certain of his most trusty frends exhorted them to the deliuerance of their country from bondage When he perceiued how they stoke to put them selues in daunger for the sauegard of the whole realme and that they demaunded leisure to take aduysement in the matter he called his seruaunts to him commaunding them to lock in the dores and to bear word to the Tirant that he shuld send immediatly to his house to apprehend traitors that had coÌ„spired against him threatning vnto each of them that seing he could not be the author of deliueraunce of his country he wold at least wise finde the meanes to be reuenged vppon them for wythdrawing their helpe from it Then they being circumâ—…ted with the doutful danger chuâ—…ing the honeâ—…er way of both sware the death of the Tyrant and so Aristotimus was dispatched the fifth moneth after he had vsurped the kingdome In the meane season Antigonus beinge wrapped in many warres at ones bothe of king Ptolomy and the Spartanes besides the hoste of the Frenche grekes which newly became his enemies left a few souldioures in his campe for a shew against the other two and went himself with his whole power against the Frenche men The French men hearinge therof made them selues redy to the battel and slue sacrifice for thobtaining of good successe in that encounter By the inwardes of the which beastes perceiuing that there was toward them a great slaughter and the vtter destruction of them all they wer there vpon turned not into feare but into madnesse For in hope to pacify the wrath of the Gods by the bloudshed of theyr owne people they killed their wiues and chyldren beginning to perfourme through their own slaughter the euill lucke that was manased them by y e warres So extreme a madnesse was entred into their cruell hartes that they spared not the yonge children whome euen the enemy would haue spared but that they made deadly and mortall warre with their childreÌ„ and the mothers of them in defence of whome menne are wonte to make warres Therfore as though they had by their vnspeakeable wickednesse purchased them selues bothe lyfe and victory bloudy as they were after the freshe slaughter of theyr wiues and children they proceded into battel with as good successe as foretoken For as they were fighting the remorse of their owne consciences for their vnspeakable slaughter the ghostes of theÌ„ that they had murdered wauing before theyr â—…ies first and formost discouraged them ere they were oppressed by the enemy and so they were â—…aine euery mothers chiid There was made so great a slaughter that it shuld seme the Goddes had conspired with menne to the vttâ—…r destruction of those murderers After the good and fortunate chaunce of this battell Ptolomy and the Spartanes eschuing the victorious army of their ennemy Antigonus retired into places of saue garde and defence Antigonus when he saw they were retired while his meÌ„ wer yet freshe and couragious by reason of their late victory made warre to the Aâ—…heniens Nowe whiles he was occupied in the same in the meane time Alexander kyng of Epire coueting to reuenge the death of hys father kinge Pyrrhus inuaded the borders of Macedone Againste whome when Antigonus was retourned oute of Grece all his souldioures reuolted from him and so he lost both the kingdome of Maâ—…done and his army His sonne Demetrius being a verye childe leuyinge a power in the absence of his father not only recouered Macedone that his father had lost but also berest Alexander of his kingdom of Epire. So great was either the vnstedfastnesse of the souldiours or elsse the 〈◊〉 of fortune that kinges by course euen now banished men and anene kinges againe Alexander therfore beinge fled to the arcadians was as wel by the fauor of the Epyrotes as by the healpe of hys confederates restored into his kingdome againe Aboute the same time deceased agas kyng of Cyrene who before his last infirmity to the entent to cease and end all stryfe with his brother Ptolomy betrouthed his only daughter Beronice to his sonne But after the deathe of kinge Argas Arsinoe the mother of the maid to th entent to breke the mariage that was contracted against her wil sent for Demetrius the brother of king Antigonus out of Macedone to take vpon him the mariage of the maide and the kingdome of Cyrene who also was begotten of one of Ptolomies daughters And Demetrius made no taryaunce Therfore when as through prosperous wynde he was spedely arriued at Cyrene vpon trust of his beauty through which he began to like his mother in law to wel by and by after his comming he bare himself very proud ly and outragiously in the courte and against the men of warre and he cast his desyre of pleasing from the daughter to the mother The which thing being espted was ill taken first of the maid and also of the commoÌ„ people and of the greate noumber of the souldioures Wher vpon all mennes mindes were tourned to the sonne of Ptolomy and the deathe of Demetrius was conspired For as he was in bed with his mother in lawe men were sent in to kil him But Arsinoe when she hard the voyce of her daughter standing at the chamber dore and geuinge theÌ„ charge to spare her mother couered and defended her peramour a while with her own body Neuerthelesse he was slaine and so Beronice with safetye of her naturall loue and duty did bothe reuenge the dishonourable aduoutry committed with her mother and also followed the determination of her father in taking of her husband ¶ The. xxvii Booke AFter the decese of Antiochus king of Syria his sonne Seleucus succeding in his roume by the inâ—…igation of his mother Laodice whi che ought to haue with helde hym from doing any suche thinge began his raigne with murder For he put to death his mother in law Beronice the sister of Ptolomye king of Egipt with his little brother begotten vpon her By doing of the which wickednesse he both brought him selfe in a foule slaunder and infamye and also entangled himself in the warres of Ptolomye Furthermore when Beronice vnderstode that men were sente to kill her she kept herself close in a pleasaunt manor of her fathers called Daphnâ—… When the cities of Asia harde that she her litle sonne were there besieged in remembraunce of the dignity of her father and of her ancestors and for pitye to se her so vnworthely intreated they sent aid vnto her Her brother Ptolomy also being stirred with the pearil of his sister left his owne kingdome and came in all haste to her reskue withall the power he was able to make But Beronice before her rescowes came at her where as she could not be taken by force was surprised by pollicye and put to death It semed a cruel and horrible act to all men Wherfore when al the cities that made iniurrectyon had made a great nauy sodainly beinge
put in greate feare at the contemplation of his excessiue cruelty and to reuenge the deathe of her whome they purposed to haue defended they yelded them selues to Ptoloâ—…y Who doutlesse subdued all the kingdome of 〈◊〉 if he had not ben driuen to retire home to suppresse an insurrection in Egypt So great hatred did that wicked and abhominable murdering of his owne brother purchase the one party the vnworthy death of his sâ—…ster so cruelly killed purchase fauor to thother party After the departure of Ptolomy Seleucus hauing gathered together a great flete against the cities that had reuolted soâ—…enly as it were by the vengeans of the Gods for his horrible murder by meanes of a grâ—…at tempest loste all his flete by 〈◊〉 And of all that great furniture for the warres fortune lefte him not any thing at all more then his naked bodye and his life and a few companions eskapinge with him from shippewracke It was surelye a miserable case but yet suche a one as Seleucus coulde not haue wished the lyke for hys owne behofe For the cities which for hatred y â— they bare towards him had reuolted vnto Ptolomy as though they had bene satisfied with the punishmente that the Goddes as indifferent iudges had laid vppon him throughe a sodain mutation of â–ª theyr mindes being moued to pity him by reason of his shipwracke submitted them selues vnder his dominion again Where vpon â—… eioysinge in his happy aduersity and beinge made richer by his losses as one now able to match him in power and strengthe he made warre against Ptolomy But as if he had beene borne for none other purpose but for fortune to make her laughing stocke of him or as if he had recouered so great welth and power of the kingdome for none other entent then to lose them again he was vanquished in battel and eskapynge from the fielde not muche better accompanied then after his shipwrack fearfully conueyed himself into antioche From theÌ„ce he directed letters to his brother Antiochus wherin he besought him of his help offeringe him in reeompence of his pains all Asia that 〈◊〉 wythin the precinct of the mountaine Taurus Antiochus beinge of the age of xiiii yeres but yet couetous of dâ—…minion aboue his yeres toke thoccasion ere it came to the ground not with so frendly hart as it was offered For the boye couetynge like a theefe to berene his brother of all his whole kyngedome was as bolde and hardy in executinge his wâ—…ckednesse as if he hâ—…d bene a man Whâ—…vpon he was 〈◊〉 named 〈◊〉 because he spente his life in takinge othâ—…r mennes goodes away wrongfully not after the manner of a man but after the manner of a Gosse â—…auke In the meane time Ptolomye hearinge that Antiochus came to reskew Seleucus to 〈◊〉 he 〈◊〉 not hâ—…ue warre with two at once toke a truce 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 r. yeres But the peace that was geuen by his enemy was brokeÌ„ by his brother â—…ho hiring an hoste of the french souldioures in stead of helpe vrought warre and in steade of a brother shewed himself an ennemy â—…n thâ—…t battel throughe the puissaunce of the french men â–ª Antiochus gate the vpper hand But the frenchmen supposing thaâ—… Seleucus haâ—… beene slaine in the batâ—…ell tourned theyr weapons againste 〈◊〉 himselfe thincking to waste the country of Asia the more frely wythout feare or checke if they mighte vtterlye destroye the bloude royall whiche thinge when Antiochus ones perceiued hee was faine to raunsome himselfe for monye as if it had bene from râ—…bbers and entered in league of society with his hired souldiers In the meane season Emnenes king of Bythiâ—…a perceiuâ—…ng the brothers to be consumed and dispersed throughe intestiue â—…cord among them seluâ—…s intending to inuade tâ—…e wanderinge possession â—…f 〈◊〉 assailed the conqueror antiochus and his frenchmen and by reson that they wer yet sore and wearye of theyr late conflicte and his menne stronge and lusty he easely put them to the worse For at that tyme all the warres thatwere made tended euer to the destruction of asia euerye manne that coulde make him self strongest 〈◊〉 vpon asia as his pray The. ii brothers eleurus and antiochus made warre for asia Ptolomye kinge of Egipte vnder pretence of reuengynge his sisters deathe gaped for asia On the one sode Emnenes kynge of Bythinia and on the other syde the french menne the common hire lynges wasted asia but among so many robbers there was none to be found that would once set in his fote to defende Asia After that Antiochus was vanquished and that Emnenes had seysed into his handes the mooste parte of Asia the brothers could not yet agree for all y â— the pray was loste for which they striued so sore but leauynge the forain ennemy they renued the warre one to destroye another In the whyche Antiochus being againe vanquished and wearyed wyth flying many dayes together at length came to his father in lawe Artamenes kinge of Cappadocia Of whome at the fyrâ—…e he was gently entertained But within a fewe dayes after vnderstanding that he went about to entrap him for the sauegarde of his life he fledde agayne from thence Therfore when he saw he could not rest in safetye in no place he was fayne to resort for succoure to hys ennemy Ptolomy whose faith he thoughte to be more stedfast then his brothers considering eyther what â—…e would â—…aue done to his brother or what he had deserued at hys brothers hand But Ptolomye by this his yealdynge and submission made not so much his frend as his ennemye commaunded him to be kept in straighte prisonne From thence also antiochus eskaped by the healpe of a certayne harlot with whome he had had familiare companye but hauing eskaped from his kepers as he fled theues mette him and killed him Seleucus wel nie about the same instant hauing lost his kingdom fell of his horse and brake hys necke So bothe the brothers as it were by lyke miffortune like outlawes after the losse of their kingdomes suffered due punyshements for theyr vngratious doinges The. xxviii Booke OLympias the daughter of Pyrrhê° king of the Epyrotes hauing lost her husband alexaÌ„der which was also her owen brother when she had taken vpon her the bringyng vp and keepinge of Pyrrhus and Ptolomy the sonnes whom he had begotten by her and the gouernement of the realme she was compelled by the aetolians whiche went aboute to take perforce from her a part of acaruania whiche she being mother and protector of the children had receiued to helpe to maintaine the warres withall to resorte for succoure to Demetrius kinge of Macedone and vnto him hauynge a wife all readye the sister of antie chus kinge of Syria she gaue her daughter Phithia in mariage to the entent she might get the help at his hand by right of affinity which she could not get for pity and compassion The marryage therfore was
solempnised wherby the newe wedded wife fel in great fauor and the old wife in displeasure For the fyrst wife as thoughe she had beene deuorced of her owne accord departed to her brother antiochus and prouoked him to war vpon her husband The acarnanians also distrusting the Epyrotes and thervpon â—…equiring healpe of the Romaines obtained of the Senate of Rome that ambassadours were sent to commaund the aetolians to withdraw their garrisons from the cities of acarnania and to suffer them to liue â—…ree out of bondage whiche all only in old time sent no help to the Grekes against the Troianes thautors of their beginning But the Aetolians hard the ambassade of the Romaines proudly and disdainfully Casting them in the tethe with the Carthaginenses the frenchmen by whom they had ben so affâ—…cted in so many battels so oftentimes vtterly slain saying it was meâ—…e for theÌ„ first to open their gates against the â—…thaginenses which they had shut vp for fear of y â— warrâ—…s of affrick ere they toke vpon them to make warres in Grece Moreouer they bad them remember whome they manased for they were not able to defend their owne city agaynste â—…he frenchmen but y â— when it was taken tâ—…ey were fayne to redeme it with mony â–ª not recouer it by the sworde The which nation entring into Grece with a nother maner of host they them 〈◊〉 had not only without the aid of any other forain power but also not so much as helped wyth their own houses vtterly destroyed made their realm a place for their burâ—… which they had determined to make the â—…eat and key of their kingdome Wheras on the contrary part Italye the Roâ—…es yet still tremblynge for fear of the laâ—…e burning of their city was wel 〈◊〉 whollye subdued by the frenchmen Wherfore it was 〈◊〉 â—…or theÌ„ first to driue the frenchmen out of Italye ere they presumed to manase the aetolians and first to defeÌ„d their own ere they toke in hand to defend other mennes And what maner of men were the Romains in good faith no better but a sort of ragged shepherdes y â— rongfully held a piece of ground taken from the right owners by robery which being not able to get theÌ„ wiues for the dishonesty of theyr beginning were fain to rauish them by open force and to be short which buiâ—…ded their city with moste cruel and vnnaturall 〈◊〉 and bestained the foundations of theâ—…r walles with brothers bloud But the Aetolians wer euer the princes of Grece and 〈◊〉 as they passed all 〈◊〉 in estate and worthinesse so they excelled them in â—…owesse and actiuity and they wer the men alone which had euer despised the Macedones florishinge in thempire of all the whole world which feared not king Philip which disdained to obey the lawes of alexander the great after he had subdued the Persians and Indians when all other men dyd moost fear and dread his name Wherfore they counselled the Romaines to holde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wyth theyr present estate and not to proâ—…ke these weapons agaynst them through which they sawe boâ—…he the frenche men slayne and also the Macedones despised When they they had in this wise dismissed the Romain ambassadors to the entent they woulde not seeme to haue talcked more boldly then they woulde doo in dede they forrayed all the borders of the kingdome of Acaruania By this tyme had Olympias deliuered the kingdome to her sonnes and in stead of his brother Pyrrhus deceased Ptolomy succeâ—…ed in the whole kingdome Who geynge wyth an â—…ooste of men well furnyshed againste his ennemies as by the waye taken with a disease and died Olympias also ere it was longe time after beinge wounded with sorowe for the death of her two sonnes skarse able to draw her painfull breathe liued a small while after her children There remayned of the bloude royall no moo but â—…nlye a younge mayde called Nereis and her sister Laodamia Nereis was maryed vnto Gelo sonne of the kinge of Sicil And Laodamia flying for her sauegard to the aultare of Diana was there by the concourse of the people slaâ—… The whiche offence the Goddes immortal reuenged and punished with continuall slaughters of that natyon and well neare wyâ—…h the vtter dâ—…structyon of all the whole realme For first and formost being punished with dearth and hunger and beinge 〈◊〉 with ciuill discorde laste of all they were in manner quite consuâ—…ed by the warres of foraine nations and Milo who killed Laodamia fallyng oute of his wittes so mangled his bodye sometyme wyth yron sometime with stones and in fine so rente and tare hys owne bowels with his teethe that wythin xii daies he died moost miserably While these thinges were a doinge in Epyre Demetrius dyed in Macedone leauynge a lyttle sonne called Phillip to be hys heir Ouer whome Antigonus beinge made protector tooke the chyldes mother to his wife and went about to make himself kynge Within a while after when as the Macedones makynge insurrection against him threatninge to kill him had besieged him in his own palace he came forth to them with out any gard casting among them his crowne and hys purple robe of estate bade them bestow those thinges vpon some other person which ether knew how to rule theÌ„ or to whome they coulde finde in theyr hartes to obey for as for him he had not hitherto during the time he had the gouernment of that odious kingdome felt or tasted of any plesures but of labor of trauel of perill and of leoperdy Then he rehersed what he had done for them how he had punished suche of their confederates as had reuolted how he had asswaged the courage of the Dardanians and Thessalians triumphing at the death of Demetrius and finally how he had not only maintained but also augmeÌ„ted thestate of thempire of Macedone Of the which thinges if so be it they repented them he was contente to depose himself and to surrender his office into their hands and let them seke them a king whom they mighte rule as they liste them selues When the people beinge strycken with shame willed him to take his kingdome vppon hym again he refused it vtterly so long vntill the authours of the rebellion were yelded vnto him to punish them at hys pleasure After this he made war agaynst the Spartanes which all only despised the warres of Philip and Alexander and the Empire of the Macedones with the knyghthode and chiualry so sore redoubted ouer all the worlde The warre was prepared for withall the furniture and power that could be made on bothe partes betwene these two noble and famous nations The one fighting for the auncient renowne of Macedone the other not only for the maintenaunce of their vntouched liberty neuer before vn lated but also for theyr common sauegarde The Lacedemonians being vaÌ„quished not only they them selues but also their wiues and children toke their misfortune with very stout courage For there
was not any man that spared his life in the battel there was not any woman that wept for the losse of her husband The olde men commended the deathe of theyr sonnes and the sonnes reioysed that theyr fathers were slaine in the fielde Euery man lamented hys owne chaunce that they had not died for the libertye of theyr countrye The fathers and mothers receyued into theyr houses all suche as were wounded healed suche as were wounded healed suche as were hurte and recomforted suche as were stricken downe And in all thys busynesse there was not in the city any outcry or any wringyng of handes there was not any trembling for feare euery maÌ„ bewailed more the common misfortune then hys owne priuate case While these thinges were in doinge Cleomenes theyr king after he had made a great slaughter of his enemies being all on a gore bloude as well with hys owne woundes as with the bloud of his enemyes came among them and â—…hen he was entered the citye he sate not downe to rest him he called not for meat nor drinke no nor ones put of his harnesse but leaninge hys backe to a wall when he saw there remained no mo but only iiii thousand of his men from the battel he exhorted them to reserue themselues to some other time when thei might be able to doo theyr countrye better seruice And then with his wife and children He went his way into Egipt to king Ptolomy of whome he was honorably entertained and liued a long time in great fauor and estimatyon with him like a king But at the last after the decease of Ptolomy he and all his houshold were slain by his sonne Antigonus hauing made so greate a slaughter of the Lacedemonians toke pity of the misfortune of so worthye a city and therfore would not suffer his souldiours to sacke it but pardoned all that remained aliue protâ—…stynge that he made the warre against Cleomenes and not agaynst the Lacedemonians whome for as muche as he had dyscomfited and put to flight all his wrathe was at an ende wherfore he thought it should stand more with his honor to saue their city then to destroy it Nowe seing there remained no mento shew his mercy vpon he said he wold shew it vpon the soyle of the Citye and vpon the houses It was not longe after but that Antigonus dyed and left his kingdome to Phillip a childe of xiiii yeres of age The. xxix Booke ABout the very same season there happened an alteration almost in all the kingdomes of the worlde by the successyon of yong kynges For in Macedone Philippe after the decease of his protector Antigonus who also was his father in law toke the kingdome vpon him being but. xiiii yeres olde In Asia Seleucus being slaine Antiochus as yet vnder the age of xiiii yeares was made kynge The kingdome of Cappadocia was surrendred by his father to Ariarathes beinge a verye childe Ptolomy who for the wickednesse of his offence was in derision surnamed Philopater slue his father and mother and vsurped the kingdome of Egipt But the Lacedemonians in stead of Cleomenes subrogated Lycurgus And for because there shoulde be store of alterations in those times Hannibal being as yet skarse manne growen was made captaine of Carthage not because there was skarsity of men of more yeres and experience but for the natural hatred that was knowen to be rooted in him againste the Romaines euen from his verye childhode born to the vtter destruction not so muche of the Romaines as of his own countrye of affricke Nowe allbeit theese children kinges had no auncient and graue protectors appoynted to haue the 〈◊〉 of them â—…et notwithstanding euery one of them so ententiuely pursued the steps of their auncestors that there was great likelihode of prowesse and actiuity in them Only Brolomy as he was wicked in vsurping the kingdome so was he also â—…outhful and negliget in gouerninge of the same The Dardanians other people that were borderers who â—…are as it were an immortal hatred to the kinges of 〈◊〉 disdaining Phillip by reason he was so yong troubled him continuallye On the contrary part Phillip when he had put his enemyes to flight being not content to haue defeded his own purposed to make war against the aetolians As he was imagining and deuisinge howe to enterprise the matter Demetrius king of Iliyria being lately vanquished by Paul câ—…nsul of Rome came to him as an humble suter making complaint of the wrong that the Romaines had done vnto him who being not content to kepe them sclues within the boundes of Italy but of a wicked desire coueting thempire of the whole world made war withal kinges Alledging that for the like couetousnesse of the Empyre of Sicil of Sardinia of Spain and consequently of all affricke they had entered into war with Hannibal and the Carthaginenses and that they had made war vpon hym also for none other occasion but only y â— he was next neigh bor vnto Italy as though it were not lawful for any king to dwell neare the borders of their Empire Wherfore it was good for antiochus to take ensample how to beware by other men whose kingdome the nobler and nearer it was to the Romaines so muche should he finde them his fiercer enemies Moreouer he professed that he was contented to surrender his right and title to him of the king dome whiche the Romaines hadde by force taken from him Saying it should lesse greue him and that he coulde better finde in his hart to se his neighbour and his frend rather then his enemy enioy the possession of his kingdoÌ„ With this and suche other like talke he perswaded Phillip to leaue the aetolians and to tourne the brunte of the warre against the Romaines so much the rather because he thought they shoulde be the lesse able to resist him by reason as he hard say they had lately before bene vanqui shed by Hannibal at the lake of Thrasymenus Therfore because he would not be charged with manye warres at ones he made peace with the aetolians not as that they shoulde thincke he did it to the entent to make warre in another place but as thoughe it had bene for some great regard that he had of the quietnesse of all Grece y e which he affirmed was neuer in the like pearill and ieoperdye by meanes of the newe Empires of the Romaynes and Carthaginenses latelye risen vp in the west whyche had none other let or stop to kepe them out of Grece and Asia but only this while they were trying by the sworde which of them should beare the soueraintye For whiche party so euer gate the vpper hand the same would imme diatlye vpon the victorye passe directly into the East Therfore he saw suche a cloude of cruel and bloudye war rising out of Italy he saw suche a roring and thundering storme comming out of the west that into what parte of the world so euer