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A09766 The secrets and wonders of the world A booke right rare and straunge, containing many excellent properties, giuen to man, beastes, foules, fishes and serpents, trees, plants &c. Abstracted out of that excellent naturall historiographer Plinie. Translated out of French into English.; Naturalis historia. English. Abridgments Pliny, the Elder.; Alday, John, attributed name.; I. A. 1585 (1585) STC 20032; ESTC S110483 38,595 64

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times and alwaies absolued Sicinus dictator of Rome sustained sixe score battayles he had fiue and fourtie woundes before and not one behinde Sergius was a worthie warrier he deliuered Cremona from the siege kept Placentia tooke in Fraunce twelue Castels and Townes He had his right hand cut off and he made one of Iron with the which he fought foure battailes Pitifull things are found worthy of memorie thorowe all partes among the which it commeth to my remembrance of a woman taken in Rome for to dye for offence and being put into straight Prison there to be famished her daughter had licence of the Iailer to goe sée her euery day but she was searched for feare least shée should bring her mother foode In the ende it was founde that euery day shée did giue her mother sucke with her breastes and for to satissie her she came daily The Senators hauing intelligence thereof did pardon the mother for the vertue that was in the daughter did appoint them a liuing during their liues Marueilous are the operations of humaine creatures among others onely of paintings that doe resemble the liuing so neere that there resteth nothing but the speach The king Attallus bought a table or picture of a Painter which cost a hundreth Markes Caesar bought two for eight hundreth Markes Mans age hath bene reputed great among the ancients which doe name Princes and Kings to haue liued eight hundreth yéeres and a thousand yéeres but it is by the varietie of yéeres for so me make the Sommer a yéere and the Winter another yéere and others make thrée moneths a yéere as the Arcadians and you must not stay nor iudge things by the constellation of the firmament For in one present houre many are borne as well seruants as maisters Kings and Magistrates whose Fortunes are all diuers and contrarie Many examples we haue of sicknesses Publius Cornelius Rufus in dreaming to haue lost his sight became blinde and lost his sight Some there are that liue but till middle age and others that die in their youth and nature doeth giue a man nothing better then short life To liue long the senses vnderstanding become blunt the whole members féele dolour the sight the hearing and the going faile the téeth also and the instrumēts of meats therefore age is but paine and there is a time prefixed to liue We reade no better example then of Zenophilus the Musitian that liued a hundreth and fiue yéeres without sicknesse The signes of death are to laugh in the furor and griefe of the maladie or sicknesse to be busie in folding or doubling the clothes of his bedde with his handes to voyde from one in sléeping behinde a fearefull looke with other things and therefore séeing that by experience we sée innumerable signes of death therefore there is no certaintie Sicknesses are diuers both to olde and yong Sirius died by the multitude of Serpentes procéeding from his body Some haue had an Ague all their life time Mecaenas was seuen yéeres in the ende of his dayes without sléepe Antipater liued long without sickenesse sauing that euery yéere on that day that he was borne he had the ague We reade of one that liued 157. yéeres that slept in his age 57. yéeres and wakened as though he had slept but one houre Others that haue returned a foote from their graue when they were borne to be buried Pompeus caused a mans head to bée smitten off which when it was layde againe to the body did speake an houre both to the maister of the house and to many others of the house Death bringeth repentance Some die for ioy men in the hearing of ioyfull newes of victories and women to sée their children The father of Iulius Caesar died in putting on his hose and felte before no harme Some in drinking some in writing and others in diuers maners as we daily sée by experience Aunciently the vse was among the Romaines to bury the dead but for the often battailes of the Romaines that had all the worlde in their subiection they vse to burne the dead Among men Liber Pater found first the meanes to sell and buy also Diademes for kings and for triumphes The Lady Ceres founde the meanes to sowe corne and to grinde it and therefore she was called a Goddesse For before they vsed Acornes The Assirians founde first the meane to write letters but the inuention hath bene since the beginning of the world Two brethren in Athens founde first the meanes to make houses and bricks Gellius Doxius inuented lathing and loming of walles for before they had Caues and holes in the grounde and they tooke example of the Swalowes which do make their neastes Cynira sonne to Agriope foūd out mettal of copper brasse of lead he made first many hāmers therewith Danaus was the first in Grecia that made welles digged for water Thrason made the first walles towers The Lidians found the means to dresse woolls Arachneus found the meanes to make Linnen Cāuas The Egyptians the art of medicine Lydius to mingle tēper mettals together Erichtonus found siluer Cadmeus gold in the moūtaine of Pangy The Ciclopiās were the first workers of small Iron worke Corebus the Athenian made earthē pots Theodore the Samyan made the first keyes Palamides the measures waights Phrigies the charrets wagons Penius the first trader for Marchandise Aristeus to make oyle and hony Briges of Athens did first yoke Oxen to Cart and Plough The Lacedemonians founde Harnesse and habilimēts for warre Laūces Spears swords Bucklers c. Cares the Bowe Arrowes The Phenitians the crosse bowes Belerophons first moūted vpō horses Palamides in the warre betwéene the Grekes the Troyans found the order of Stādarts signes penuōs streamers to giue warning to kéepe watch Iason did first sayle on the Sea in long Ships or Galleys Before the time there were made little ones of wood hydes since that time some haue added to thē masts sayles cabels tackelings many other things that we sée by the experience to be necessarie The first Dials were made at Rome w e water according to the course of the Sunne since they are reduced to houses Churches as it is séen at this present which was very agreable to the Romaines Finally among al the knowledge the man hath Plinie thinketh this to be the chiefest point for man to know him selfe of what estate soeuer he be The eight booke treateth of beastes that are on the Earth IN the Earth there is no beast greater then the Elephant they haue knowledge to vnderstande their Countrey speache they haue obedience and vnderstande their dueties and charges they neuer passe the Sea tyll that their master or gouernour doth promise to bring them home againe they knéele down for to be loden carrie the Ladies litters in feare prudence equitie their téeth are of Iuorie w e their other bones there are made goodly woorks they are full of
mouings and mutations of times without great appearance as in the Sea when that without winde the waues doe rise and rage And in the Skie when that there is a long stripe or line and when that the well waters are troubled Two mountaines haue bene séene naturally hit and touch one another as if they had foughten the waters méeting together to striue and marueilously to encrease and beastes to dye In Asia twelue Cities were subuerted by the Earthquakes without perceiuing thereof at Rome Neare vnto Rome there are two hundreth acres of ground the which doeth shake when there are horses running thereon In the I le of Paphos there is a place where there did neuer fall rayne And in the same Ile Nea in the Citie of Troados the sacrifices do neuer putrifie nor rot Nere to Harpasa a towne in Asia there is a great Moūtaine that one may shake with their finger but if you put your whole strength to it it remaineth vnmoueable There are two Mountaines neare to the flood of Nyle the nature of them are diuers for the one retaineth yron the other casteth it off in such sort that if any of their shooes be clouted with nailes that goe vpon the said hill they can neither go nor stande but are cast off and on the other hil their shoes will sticke fast In the Citie of Charagena there is a certaine grounde that healeth all kinde of sores and diseases the Sea doeth purge in the full Moone and the fluctuations of the Seas commeth by the Sunne and Moone the which causeth it In the hie Sea there neuer falleth snowe the Sea is most hottest in Winter and saltest in Sommer Of fresh waters there are diuers sortes In Dodone is the Frountaine called Iupiters Spring which doeth kindle firebrandes it diminisheth at Noone and encreaseth at midnight and then afterwards decreaseth and faileth at midday There are many hote waters because of the smoke closenesse of the hilles from whence these hote waters spring There are Springs that will make blacke Shéepe become white and other waters that maketh white shéepe become blacke by continuance of drinking and others that the ewes that drinke in thē their milke will become black At Lincestis there is a Fountaine of water that will make them that drinke thereof drunken Also in Paphlagonia and in the field Calenus in the I le of Andro there is a Fountaine or Spring that rendreth wine euery yéere in the Nonas of Ianuarie In a fielde called Carrimensis in Spaine there is a Riuer that will make the fishes that are therin to séeme of the colour of golde and if they are put into any other water they will séeme as other fishes Among the meruailes of fire the Mountaine called Ethna in Silicia burneth continually the flames whereof are séene aboue the hill toppe An other hill that is called Chimera burneth in like maner the fire of which hill is sooner quenched with earth or with hay then with water In the third fourth fifth and sixth bookes Plinie describeth the earth the waters and the Ilandes and deuideth the worlde into Asia Affrica and Europa Asia conteineth the halfe of the world in the which is Armenia Capadocia Albania Suauia where as there is no mettall but gold Seithies where as is the swéete Sea and there are trees that bring forth silke ready to spinne India where there are people very riche they labour with Elephantes and go to warre with them Their king hath ordinarily sixe hundreth thousand footemen thirtie thousand horsemen nine thousand Camels to his gages and to his daily cost and when they be so olde that they can scarse see nor can liue no longer they cast them selues into a great fire Beyonde the Indians is the I le called Taprobane where as is the gréene Sea and there is planted precious stones with mettalls of gold and siluer The men of that Countrey are more greater then others they sell their marchandise by making of signes the Moone neuer shineth with thē aboue sixe houres they haue small edifices or buildings their vitailes neuer waxeth deare for their God they haue Hercules They doe elect and choose an olde man to their King which hath no children and if he chaunce to haue any whilest he is king they doe kill them to that ende that the kingdome be not inherited by their elected king they doe constitute xxx gouernours without whose assent none can bee condemned to death If their king doeth misdoe they doe punish him or depose him from the crowne This nation taketh great delite in the chase of Tigres and Clephantes and doeth abounde in corne and fruites they doe delight to fishe for shell fishes which are there very great in so much that one may hide themselues in their shelles Alexandria the great was founded by the great king Alexander and neare vnto that is the redde Sea by the repercussion of the Sunne that doeth so colour it or els for that the mood and the grauell is such or for that it is the nature of the water Also Siria and Arabia whose people are tāned and heary all saue the head and they are apparelled with the skinnes of fish There is also Mesopotanie Babylon Assiria Arabia the flood of Tyger hath his originall in a fountaine of Armenia In the I le of Sagaros there can no Dogge liue for as soone as he entereth into the I le he turneth round till hée fall downe dead The Sabiens are riche with the fertilitie of their Forrests with mettals Hony and Waxe The Candeans liue with Serpentes and in the I le of Gagaudes was first founde Popeniayes Idumea Iuda Hierusalem Galile Sirie Palestin which was the first founder of letters and at the first in stéede of letters vsed certaine figures of beastes Also there is a Nation called Hesseneans liuing without wyues and without lecherie When they are dead they are cast into the Sea they liue without money and growe of the dead Of the Ethiopians there are diuers formes and kindes of men Some there are towards the East that haue neither nose nor nostrelles but the face all full Others that haue no vpper lippe they are without tongues and they speake by signes and they haue but a little hole to take their breath at by the which they drinke with an Oten strawe There are some called Syrbote that are eight foote high they liue with the chase of Elephantes In a part of Affricke by people called Ptoemphane for their king they haue a Dogge at whose fansie they are gouerned to whome they doe pronosticate their doings and their conduct in warre Towards the West there is a people called Arimaspi that hath but one eye in their forehead they are in the desert and wilde Countrey The people called Agriphagi liue with the flesh of Pāthers and Lyons and the people called Antropomphagi which we call Canibals liue with humaine flesh The Cinamolgi their heades are almoste like to the heads of Dogges Affrica