Themistocles were both by nature vicious but by education vertuous the one made a perfect man by Phylosophy the other by the example of Miltiades M. Portius Cato would needs be Schoolemaister to his owne children which institution did much auaile them not so much because he was Cato as that hee was their Father Plutarch Iulius Caesar adopted his nephew Octauius and brought him vp himselfe Amongst the Heluetians or Switzers wheÌ„ one was condemned to death order was taken that the execution thereof shoulde bee done by the Father who was the cause of his euill education that he might come to hys death by the authour of his life and that the father might in some sort be punished for his negligence vsed towards his child Traianus and Adrianus at theyr own charges caused fiue thousand noble mens Chyldren of Rome to be brought vp in learning vertue and feates of Armes for the profiâ— of the Common-wealth Eutropius Eteocles one of the most noble Euphorie of Lacedemonia freely aunswered Antipater asking 50. pledges that he would not gyue him chyldren least if they were brought vp farre from their Fathers they should change the auncient custome of liuing vsed in theyr owne country and become vicious but of old men women he would giue him double the number if he would be so pleased to accept of them Leo the Emperour wished that Schoolemaisters might receiue the pay of men at Armes Alexander caused thirty thousand children of those nations hee had conquered to bee brought vp vnder professors of sundry Sciences by whose policies if he had lyued he had thought to haue held al the whole world in awe Plutarch Hipperides an Orator of Greece sayde to one who tolde him that hee had sent a slaue with his sonne to gouerne him You haue doone very well for in sted of one slaue at his returne you shall receiue two The Cittizens of Rome dyd throw Scemides with her sonne Heliogabalus aliue into the riuer Tyber to beare him company for that she bare and brought vp such a gulfe of mischiefes Suetrnius Plato had his education among the priest of Egipt where he learned such instructions as made his phylosophie so perfect that whatâ—soeuer proceeded from the mouth of Plato vvas accounted diuine The Lacedemonians vvere wont to make choyse of men of learning and vvisedome for the education of theyr cittizens and them they called Publique Tutors for vvhich respect they were holden vertuous men in action valiant of courage and excellent in martiall discipline The Phylosophers in Greece made certayne playes for the instruction of young men vvhich discipline eternall memorie hath preserued till these our dayes In Iulius Caesar there wanted no fortitude for he ouercame many neyther clemencie for hee pardoned his enemies neyther liberality for hee gaue away kingdoms neither science for he vvrote many bookes neither fortune for hee vvas Lord of all men but he vvanted good manners vvhich is the foundation of a quiet life Suetonius King Philip of Macedon vowed his sonne vnto Aristotle as soone as euer he was born and afterward did put him happily into hys hands and he trained him vp in philosophy Comodus the Emperor was a very vertuous chyld in the beginning and had good education but in the end he prooued a most vvicked Prince Suetonius Nero wanted no good instructions such a maister he had as neuer any had a better yet among all the Emperours of Rome not any one was worse then he Tacitus Iulian the Apostate tooke away all beneuolences and contributions to schooles of â—earning to the end the chyldren might not be instructed in the liberal Arts but brought vp in ignorance Caligula the fourth Emperour of Rome vvas brought vp vvith such cost and delicacie in his youth that they doubted in Rome whether Drusius Germanicus his Father employed more for the Armies in vvarres then Caligula his sonne spent in the cradle for his pleasures Suetonius The Mother of Alexander the twenty sixe Emperour of Rome was so carefull of her sonnes education that shee kept continually a guard of men to take heed that no vicious man came vnto him to corrupt him in euill Herodian Of Wit Memory A good wit hath three degrees of hope of practising of perfection the first is in chyldren the second in young men in beeing perceiued 3. wayes by desire to learne by quicke conceit by a good memory The third of perfection is in the elder sort when they quickly conceiue faithfully remember and fruitfully put in practise those things which they haue learned ESdras the priest had the lawes of the Hebrues at his fingers end Alâ—ibiades wheresoeuer hee vvas and in vvhat country soeuer hee soiourned coulde easily frame himselfe according to the manners of the people Plutarch Such another was Marcus Antonius for at Rome hee vvoulde liue like a Romane and would seeme a right Senator in Egipt vvho more licentious Seuerus the good Emperor because of his stable wit and iudgment was called Seuerus Pertinax Eutropius Clemens the sixt vvas of so good a memory that whatsoeuer he once learned hee neuer after forgot Mithridates was of so great a memory that he could call euery one of his Souldiours by name Appian Anthony of Gueuara sometimes his memory would be so good and wit so quicke and skill so excellent that he could deuide an haire and sweepe a graine at other times he wished not onely 5. but 10. sences which wee call wittes The first lesson that Socrates taught his Schollers was Remember learne to forget that which thou hast ill learned Lirinensis The Sophists of Greece could with theyr eloquence and copiousnes of wit make of a Mouse an Elephant and a mountaine of a molehill The Schollers of Pythagoras learned his precepts by hart vsing their wits memories for bookes Portius neuer forgotte any thing that hee once reade before Seneca could rehearse after one by hearing two hundred verses Aelius Adrianus amongst a great army of Souldiours if any one were missing straight knew who it was Iustinus Scipio could call all his Souldiers by name Plutarch I. Caesar could reade talke heare and aunâ—swere at one time Plinie Carmedes a Grecian neuer heard anie thing but he could repeate it word by word without writing Pythagoras was willed of Mercury to aske what hee would but immortality and hee should haue it of whom he obtained to keep in memory all things that he had heard and seene Laertius Lucullus is recorded of Tully for his excellent memory The Aegiptians vsed characters and figures for their memory which was called locall memory Baptista Hortensius could pronounce out of hand with his tongue what he wrote with his pen. Plinie Cyneas being sent from King Pyrrhus to Rome the second day in the Senate house before all the people of Rome he named all the Senators Cyrus could call euery Souldiour in his campe by name Xenophon Cassius Seuerus sayde that although his bookes were burned hee caried all his learning in mind and
that they would obserue what soeuer he determined whervpon they yeelded I iudge then quoth he that none of you depart this Temple before you bee reconciled Thus were they coÌ„strained to agree between themselues Archidamus freed from loosing their friendships whoÌ„ he deerly loued The Egyptians shewed signes of stronger friendship to their friends beeing dead then when they were lyuing Scipio Affricanus going against the Numantines deuided his Army into 500. companies and made one band which hee called Philonida the band of friends Mithridates sought to driue Nicomedes forth of Bithinia vvho vvas friende to the Romaines and gaue the Romans so much to vnderstand to vvhom the Senate made aunswer that if he warred vpon Nicomedes he should likewise feare the force of the Romaines Appian Cicero and Clodius Tiberius and Affricanus froÌ„ mortall foes became faithful friends Scipio greatly complained that men were very skilfull in numbring their Goates and Sheepe but few could reckon their friends Alexander helde Aristotle deere Darius Herodotus Augustus Piso Pampeius Plaâ—tus Titus Plinie Traiane Plutarch Anthonius Apollonius Theodotius Claudius Seuerus Fabatus Pericles beeing desired by a friende to ayde him with false witnes aunswered That hee would friend him as high as the heauens meaning that men should ayde theyr friends so far as iustice gods lawes did permit Thu. Plato seeing he could not bring the Common-wealth to happines by vertue reduced all lawes to friendship deuising all things to be common affirming that two only words namely Mine Thine where the things that disturbed the society of man Homer giueth Achilles a Patroclus Virgill an Achates vnto Aeneas Alexander had his Hephestion Darius his Zopirus and Scipio his Laelius Dion and Iulius Caesar had rather die then distrust theyr friends Plu. Augustus wanting his olde friends Maecenas and Agrippa said that if they had lyued hee had not fallen into the troubles hee vvas then in Seneca Scaurus and Cataline the conspirators against Rome and Brutus and Cassius the murtherers of Caesar held great leagues and confederacie together but in no sort they could be called friends for there can bee no true amitie vvhere is no vertue Among heauenlie bodyes Mercury Iupiter Sol and Luna are friendes to Saturne but Mars and Venus are his enemies All the Planets sauing Mars are friendes to Iupiter and all the rest of the Planets sauing Venus hate Mars Iupiter and Venus loue Sol. Mars Mercury and Luna are his enemies and all the rest of the Planets loue Venus except Saturne Iupiter Venus and Saturne are friendes to Mercury Sol Luna and Mars are hys enemies There are inclinations of friendship in vigâ—able mineralls as the Loadstone hath to yron the Emerald hath to riches and fauours the stone Iaspis to child-birth the stone Achates to eloquence and Naptha â—ot onely draweth fire vnto it but fire leapeth vnto it where soeuer it is the like dooth the roote Aproxes Such friendship is betweene the male and female Date tree that when a bough of the one shall touch a bough of the other they fold themselues into a naturall embracing neuer doth the female bring forth fruit without the male Vines loue the Elme tree the Oliue the Mirtle likewise loueth the Oliue the Fig-tree and if the Almond tree grovve alone it will proue vnfruitfull There is friendship betweene the Blacke-bird and the Thrush betweene the Choffe and the Heron betweene the Peacocks and the Doues Isodorus Cato the Censor had a Ring vvhereon was engrauen Esto amicus vnius et inimicus nullius Bee friende to one and enemie to none Plinie Of Loue. All the Arts and Sciences of the worlde may in time be learned except the Art of Loue the which neither Salomon had skill to write nor Asclepias to paynt nor Ouid to teach Helen to report or Cleopatra learne beeing a continuall Schoolemaister in the hart whose diuine furies are Propheticall misticall poeticall amatorial consecrated to Apollo Bacchus the Muses and Venus THe Poets meane nothing els by those tovvnes of Adamant vvhich they vvrite of but the loue of Cittizens vvho by no force or policie can be ouercome so long as in hart they hold together The Grecians so long as they continued at peace among themselues they vvere coÌ„querers of all men but after that ciuill discention had once entered in amongst them they fell daily more and more to such ruine that in fewe yeeres they became laughing-stocks to all the world Plutarch Balsaria when Calphurinus Crassus vvas taken captiue of the Messalines and shoulde haue beene offered for a sacrifice vnto Saturne shee deliuered Crassus from death made him conquerer Caluce after Troy vvas destroyed vvhen King Lycus her Father sayling into Lybia had appointed to kill Diomedes for sacrifice to appease the Gods for vvind vveaâ—â—er she deliuered him from her Father and sâ—ued his lyfe Scipio Affricanus esteemed so much the Poet Ennius aliue that being dead hee caused his picture to bee set before his eyes as a memoriall of his great loue Plutarch Pomponius Atticus thought himself happie when either Cicero was in his sight or his bookes in his bosome Plato in his booke intituled Conuiuium interlaceth Comicall speeches of loue hovvbeit al the rest of the supper there is nothing but discourses of Philosophy Alexander loued highly Apelles insomuch that after he had made him draw out a Iâ—eman of his naked whom hee likewise loued deerely vnderstanding that he was enamored on her he bestowed her on him Alexander vvould haue his picture drawne by none but Apelles nor cut by any in brasse but onely Lysippus so greatly did he affect them Curtius Stagerita the towne where Aristotle vvâ—â— borne beeing destroyed by Philip of Macâ—â—don Alexander his sonne for the loue heâ— bare to his Maister Aristotle reedified thâ— same againe Valerius seruaunt to Panopion hearing that certaine souldiours came vnto the Cittie of Rheatina of purpose to kill his master hee changed apparrell with his maister and conueyed him away suffering himselfe to be slaine in his Masters bed for the great loue he bare him The Persians for the affection they bare to theyr horses when they died buried them Alexander made a tombe for Bucephalus Seuerus the Emperour for the loue hee bare to Pertinax whom Iulianus slew willed that men shoulde euer after call him Pertinax Eutrop. A Persian vvoman beeing asked why shee had rather saue the life of her brother then of her owne sonne Because sayd she I well may haue more children but neuer no more brothers seeing my father and mother are dead Eros the seruant of Antonius hauing promised to kill his Maister when hee requested him drevv his sword and holding it as if hee would haue killed him turned his Maisters head aside and thrust the sword into his own body Plutarch Agesilaus was fined by the Ephories because he had stolne away the harts wonne the loue of all his cittizens to himselfe The Emperour Claudius did neither loue nor hate but
but also odious to all men The Grecian women were fayrer then the vvomen of Rome but the Romaines had a better grace and were more rich in apparell then they Eutropius Amongst the Romaines it vvas counted a great infamy if any praysed the beauty of a woman for in praysing her hee let them vnderstand that he knew her and knowing her he courted her and courting her hee opened his hart to her and this doing hee plainly defamed her Macrobius Of Chastity This vertue is generally taken for a chasticeâ—ent of the troublesome perturbations of man 〈◊〉 Varro witnesseth but is more properly vnderâ—â—ode of that power which in no case will suffer 〈◊〉 body to be polluted or defiled being an espeâ—iall braunch of temperance NVma Pompilius first instituted and erected a temple for the Vestall virgines â—ho made this law that thâ—se which had betrayed theyr chastity should be put into a Caue in campo scelerato with water milke and a burning taper and there be buried quicke Liuius The vvomen of Teutonica hearing that theyr husbands vvere slaine of Marius besought him that they might spende the remainder of theyr lifes in the seruice of Vesta Electra the daughter of Agamemnon was called at the first Laodica but after the death of her father she was named Electra for that she continued all her life a maide Phaedon of Athence vvas slaine at a banquet by the 30. Tyrants whose daughters to preserue their virginity embracing each other cast themselues headlong into a vvell Thucidides S. Augustine would not dwell with his sister because he might not be mooued with the least spark of incontinency and being asked the reason why he aunswered It is dangerous to see a woman more dangerous to speake with her but worst of all to touch her Origen caused himselfe to be gelded for that he would auoid the motions of the flesh Rauisius The Athenian Priests called Hierophontes did vsually drinkâ— kind of poyson to aswage the insurrection of the flesh Idem S. Hierome being halfe broyled with the heate of the Sunne in the desert confessed that he could not refraine from thinking vppon the beautifull dames of Rome Eusebius Amabaeus albeit he had to his wife a woman of rare beauty yet he neuer knew her carnally the like is recorded of Dionysius the Tragedian Aelianus Xenocrates because he was not prouoked to lust by the wantonnes of Phryne was sayd of her and others to be an Image no man Valerius Alexander sharply rebuked Cassander for kissing one in his presence and was angry with Philoxenus for seeming to inuite him 〈◊〉 vnhonest actions by letters VVhen Pompey had put Mithridates to â—ight he would not touch his Concubines â—ut sent them all home to theyr friends Apâ—ian Dioclesian hauing taken the wife daughâ—ers of the King of Persia prisoners did as Alexander had done to the wife and daughters of Darius which deed caused the Persians to render vnto the Romains all they had taken from them Eutropius Nero beeing monstrous incontinent himselfe was of opinion that there was not a chast person in the world but that men cloaked their vice with hipocrisie Tacitus The Lady Bona of Lombardie fearing her chastity should be assailed in her husbands absence followed him in the holy warres to Palestine and rescued him from many dangers to her eternall honour Guicchard Androchia and Alcida two vertuous Theban virgins hearing by the Oracle of Apollo that their Country should be victor ouer the Orchimenians if two of theyr chastest virgins dyed voluntarily couragiously killed them selues Drias the daughter of Faunus did so little regard the company of men that she was neâ—uer seene abroade wherfore it was not lawfull for any men to be present at her sacrifice Plut. The women of Chios were so continent that amongst them at no time was found eyther an adultres or defiled virgine Dion Pelagia with her mother and sisters drowned themselues therby to preserue their honour Ambrose Lucia a virgine of Syracuse knowing that the tyrant was enamoured of her and daily sought to dishonour her pulled out her eies and sent them to him Sabellicus Chilo seeing Hippocrates doe sacrifice and vessels in Olympus to burne without fire counsailed him eyther to liue chast or if he were maried to put away his wife Herodotus In the warres of M. Torquatus against the Gallogrecians the wife of Oriontes being taken prisoner by a Centurion who importunatly assaulted her for loue caused him to be slaine by her slaues after she was ransomed and caried the leachers head as a token of her chastity to her barbarous husband Antiochus beholding a beautious and religious woman that was vowed to Diana so-daily surprised with the loue of her for feare he might be vnhonestly prouoked forsooke the place The Souldiers of Frauncis Sforza brought to him a young virgine there prisoner of incomparable beauty whom hee attempted with prayers gifts threats but preuailing in none of these he sent her home ransomlesse and gaue her part of his spoiles for being so carefull of her chastity Guicchard The Turtle male or female after the death of her male neuer brauncheth more vpon a greene bough Plinie The Romaines vsed to crowne such wiues with the crowne of chastity vvho after the death of their husbands liued in perpetuall widow-hood wher-vnto the Stockdoue and Turtle did inuite them these in regard of their continency nature hath adorned with a circle or coller of feathers which they weare about their necks as reward for theyr chastity Idem Of 50 Spartaine virgines meruailously prouoked by the Messanians to yeeld them selues to bee abused by them not one was found that would condescend but all rather chose to be slaine Nicetes the Martyr pulled out his owne tongue because hee would not consent to the vvanton dalliance of a vvicked harlot Loncerus Of Fayth Promises By this the society of men is only maintayned vpon this the authority power and safety of Princes dependeth a vertue without which not onely the parts of Iustice but also all other vertues are imperfect NO Nation vnder the sunne was comparable to the Romaines for keeping of promise Contrary the Carthagenians were called Faedifragi truce-breakers Ptolomey King of Aegipt hauing by experience tried the fidelity of the Romaines in his death-bed committed his heire beeing then a child to their tuition Amongst the Scythians if any were periured he was by the law adiudged to dye Pausanias The Phrygians vse no oathes at all compell none to sweare Stobaeus The ioyning of hands amongst the Persians was the fairest signe of giuing keeping fayth inuiolate The Romains in old time dedicated a temple to Faith the better to cause the people to keepe and reuerence it Pausanias VVhen Antiochus vvoulde haue vsurped Egypt vpon Ptolomey Epiphanes vvhose protection the Romaines had already taken vpon theÌ„ they sent vnto him Popilius who made a circle about the same Antiochus and forced him before hee departed to promise that hee woulde enterprise nothing against
the femenine sexe to haue had masculine courages Theana being demaunded what married wife deserued commendation aunswered She that medleth onely with her rocke and spindle that loueth onely her husbands bed and keepeth her tongue in quiet Atheneus The Essenians haue neyther wife nor seruants nor the Dulopolitans called otherwise the Rascalls and Slaues of Citties professed open enemies to all women-kind Iosephus Homer bringeth in Iupiter reprouing and threatning his wife when she is rebellious but neuer further Vpon the Ascention day in Venice the Duke accompanied with all his Nobles in a faire vessel of plesure made Gally-wise goeth in it a mile or two into the Sea casteth there in a ring of gold thinking by this ceremony they so marry the Sea vnto them that all the yeare after they may haue safe passage for their commodities Of Parents Children God hath formed the mind to the perfect mold of truth and vertue carrying it farre from vice wherefore it behoueth Parents to giue their children good education which once taught then is their voyage and Nauigation in this world happy making them thankefull to the occasions of their great good where otherwise neglected they abhorre the remembrance of their Parents when through their damnable liberty and euill examples they haue beene led away SOlon made a law that those Parents in their old age should not be releeued of theyr children which cared not how they practised good manners or profited in letters Timarchides being of wicked life was not ashamed to haue his Sonne of tender yeares to be a viewer and witnes of his wicked lyuing Cic. Verres cared not how his Sonne spent his time whether among harlots or honest persons Cic. Scipio Affricanus being eighteene yeares of age his Father then Consull saued his life at Ticinum and ouercame him that wounded his Father Stat. Vespasian being besieged of the Barbarians in Britania was deliuered by his Sonne Titus Xiphil Lausus the Sonne of Mezentius defended his Father from Aeneas and was slayne of him Virg. Antigonus when hee had obtained a great victory of his enemies hee tendered all the honour at his Fathers feete Rauisius Antigone led her blind Father Oedipus Sophocles Cleobis and Byton drew theyr mother in her Coach to the temple of Apollo Cicero Leo the younger when he had raigned one yeare rendered the crowne againe to his Father Zeno. Aegeus when he saw the ship that his Sonne rode into Crete returne with blacke sailes contrary to promise supposing that hee was slaine threw himselfe from an high rocke into the Sea Ouid. Aelius Tubero had sixteene children of his owne body all of them maried and dwelling in one house with their children and lyuing with him in all peace concord The arrogancy of a childe was the cause that one of the Ephories published the law of testaments wherby it was permitted to euery one from that time forward to appoynt whom he would his heire Among the Romains the child was not admitted to pleade his Fathers vvill after his death by way of action but onely by way of request vsing very humble and reuerent speech of his dead Father and leauing the whole matter to the discretion of the Iudges Patritius Antigonus the Sonne of Demetrius who was taken prisoner by Seleucus when his Father sent him word to giue no credite to any letters he should send for the deliuering vp of certaine townes thereto constrained by Seleucus Antigonus contrariwise writ to Seleucus that he would yeeld him vp all become pledge for him if he would restore his Father Apollonida mother to King Eumenes and to three other of his bretheren accounted her selfe happy because she saw her 3. younger sonnes as it were a garde to theyr elder brother Cato with his owne hande wrote a historie and gaue it to his sonne to the end he might there see the acts of his auncestors learne the skill howe to gouerne the Common-wealth Bercilidus a Gouernour in Sparta sitting at meate did forbid that the younger sorte should doe him reuerence reproouing himselfe of barrennes because he had not begotten any children to doe them the like honor when they were old Cornelia accounted her children to be the chiefest treasure riches that she had Val. In Fraunce there was a Father his sonne condemned to death for treason and iudged to be executed according to the custom of the Country by standing in a Caudron in vvhich they should be boyled to death now it was winter and beeing both naked in the water the sonne began to quake for cold and when the vvater was heated to cry out vvith great impatience his Father persisting immoueable in both sayd Thou sonne of a vile whore canst thou neither abide heat nor cold Augustus commanded the Ladies his children to learne all the offices and qualities wherewith a vvoman might liue be maintained and vvhereof she ought to boast herselfe in such vvise that all the apparrel which they vveare they did spin and weaue saying that a rock became a Ladies girdle asvvell as a Launce becam a Knight or a book a Priest Sueto Annalis being condemned by the Triumuiri fled to a tenant of his who had a homely house was safe hid vntill his son broughâ— the pursuers to the house who killed him Then the Triumuiri rewarded him with his Fathers goods and made him Chamberlain of the Citty but one day beeing drunke and troubling the souldiours they which killed his father murdered him Appian Choranius the vnhappy Father of an vnthrifty sonne prayed the pursuers to spare his life a while till he might sende to his son to speake to Anthony who laughed at him sayd his sonne had spoken but to the contrary Appian Quintus Ciceros brother and his sonne being taken prayed the murtherers to kil him before his sonne but his sonne requested the contrary vvhereupon the souldiers promised to graunt both theyr desires and taking them a sunder by a token killed them both at one instant Appian Ignatius the Father and the sonne fighting together dyed of one vvound when their heads vvere striken of theyr bodies dyd yet imbrace Idem Aruntius could hardly perswade his sonne that would not flie without him to saue himselfe because he was but young his mother sent him afore to the gates and then returned to burie her husband beeing killed and vvhen she shortly after heard that her sonne vvas dead vpon the sea shee famished herselfe Plut. Geta the sonne of Scoponius made a fire in the open place of his house to burie his Father that seemed to be dead whom he had hid in an house in the country where the old man disguising himselfe layde a parchment before his eyes and after the agreement was made hee tooke away the parchment and founde his eyes out for want of vse Appian Oppius sonne minding to take part vvith his olde feeble father bare him on his backe till hee was past the gates and the rest of the vvay
sometimes leading him sometimes bearing him he brought him safe to Sicelie so did Aeneas for Anchises his father Idem Metellus the father and the sonne the one Captaine vnder Anthony the other vnder Caesar the Father being prisoner and beeing condemned his sonne sayde to Caesar Thys hath beene thy enemy ô Caesar and I thy friend him thou must punish and me rewarde I desire thee to saue my father for mee or let mee die for him at whose request he was saued Idem Crates Thebanus deliuered a stock of mony to his friends vpon this condition that if it shoulde happen his children to bee fooles they should therewith be maintained but if they became learned and phylosophers then to distribute it to the poore Dem. Mag. Periander one of the 7. Sages of Greece and a Tyrant sent for his sonne Licophorna that with his owne hands hee might kill him because he mourned for the death of his mother which when the Cittizens of Corcyra knew they put him to death themselues to deliuer him from his Fathers tiranny Vale. Maximus Priamus had by Hecuba fifty Sonnes and Daughters Orodes king of Parthians thirtie Artaxerxes a hundred and fifteene Erothinus King of the Arabians seauen hundred in confidence of whom he inuaded the confines of his enemies and with seuerall inroads he wasted the Lands of Egypt and Syria Petrarch Petrarch writeth of a married woman that had twelue seuerall children by twelue seuerall men one of them a yeere elder then the other who ready to die tolde her husband of them all he was Father but to the eldest and reckoning vp the Fathers of the other the youngest cryed to her good mother giue me a good Father to whom she sayde that a very rich man was his father wherevpon the childe was glad saying If hee be rich I haue a good father Astapus Amphorinus bare such loue to their parents that their Citty beeing burned they tooke them vpon their shoulders and carried them through the midst of the fire A woman of Athence her father called Cymon being in pryson where he was like to be famished craued so much leaue of the Keeper that shee might haue accesse to her Father whō with her milke shee preserued long time from death Harpalice her father being takē prisoner by the Getes redeemed him with more celerity then can be thought in a woman Seruius It is written that three bretheren striuing vvho should enioy their fathers land vvere content to be agreed by the King swearing that they vvould stand to that which hee determined the King commaunded the dead body of the Father to bee taken vp saying that hee vvhich shot neerest the hart should be the right successor the eldest shotte him in the throate the second in the breast neere the hart but the third abhorring this damned resolution sayd I had rather yeeld all to my brothers then bee so degenerate To whom for his vertue and reuerence to his father the King adiudged the land Israell many yeeres lamented the losse of one of his sonnes for whom when hee vvas 120. yeeres old he vvent downe with al his family into Egypt Dauid greatly lamented the death of his rebellious sonne Absalon Orodes King of Persia hearing that his son Pacorus was slaine in the wars against Ventidius vvith extreame greefe therof became mad Rauisius Auctolia the daughter of Sinon and wife of Laertes vnderstanding a false report of Vlisses death her sonne at Troy dyed for sorrow Idem Anius King of Thuscans had a Daughter called Salia whom when Oritheus had stoln away threvve himselfe violently into a Riuer called afterward by his own name Plutarch Lucius Gellius when in a maner he knew that his sonne had beastly abused himselfe with his stepmother and attempted to bereaue him of life became himselfe this wretches defender and before the Senate acquited him both of fault and punishment Val. Maximus Dioschorus put to death his vertuous and religious Daughter Barbara for imbracing the Christian fayth Ptolomeus Euergetes beeing expulsed his kingdome for his crueltie killed his sonne in Cyprus whom hee had by his sister Cleopatra sent her his head feete for a token Liuius Apteras Saturnus caused his owne Father to be gelded killed his owne sonnes held continuall vvarres against his bretheren Berosus Deiotarus hauing many sonnes murthethered all saue one that he which suruiued al the rest might be mightier and of greater power Gellius Hippomenes an Athenian Prince for that his daughter Lima was founde in adulterie caused her to be close shutte vp with a horse giuing her no releefe but the horse almost famished deuoured his daughter Laertius Oppianicus contrary to the common nature of Parents was content for money to forsake his children Cicero Domitius detested his sonne Nero for no other cause but that hee had begotten him vpon Agrippina Suetonius Medea beeing forsaken of Iason murdered her owne sonnes Ouid. Herod commaunded his onely child to be killed among the general massacre of the innocents in Iurie vvhich vvhen Augustus heard he sayd That he had rather bee Herods hog then his child Iosephus Prusius King of Bithinia was murthered of his owne sonne when he had committed the rule vnto him P. Malleolus for killing of his mother was the first amongst the Romans that vvas sowed in a sacke and cast into the sea Liuius Cham the youngest sonne of Noah his Father being drunke lying naked called his brethren to that vnnatural sight who going backwards couered theyr fathers secrets for the which they were blessed the posterity of Cham accursed Gene. 6. Absalon rising against his father Dauid expelled him his kingdome afterward assayled by Ioab fled and was hanged by his haire vpon an Oake Helie the Prophet winking at the faultes of his children though forewarned of Samuel died a violent death and his sonnes both in one howre were slaine in battaile by the Philistines as a iust reuenge for their former disobedience Regum 11. Adramelach and Sarazar murdered theyr Father Senacharib for which they were driuen out of theyr kingdome and ended theyr dayes in exile 4. Reg. Irene pulled out her sonne Constantines eyes because hee began to beare himselfe ouer proudly in the Empire Eristhenes was famished of his mother because he fought in battaile with no courage Rauisius Damatria when shee heard that her sonne had not behaued himselfe in battaile as the sonne of so woorthy a mother shoulde haue doone at his returne killed him Orchanus caused his daughter to be buried aliue because Apollo had rauished her Ouid. Tigranes killed one of his sons because he would not take him vp when hee had a fall at hunting for that hee set the crowne vpon his head Appian Machates the sonne of Mithridates for feare of his father killed himselfe Mithridates killed his sonne Siphares to be reuenged of the mother Gripus who was king after Seleucus made his mother drinke the poyson vvhich shee had prepared for him Medullina whose body was
and Ceres his sisters much mislyking that one so rude as Titan should ascende to the succession of Caelius crowne gaue the kingdome to Saturne his younger brother vnder this couenant notwithstanding that he should slay alâ— his male children to the end the issue of Titan might after Saturnes death repossesse the kingdome Saturnes wife and sister Ops brought foorth a sonne which hee caused to be slaine after this shee was deliuered of a daughter and a sonne Iupiter and Iuno who desirous to saue the life of his sonne gaue him to her mother Vesta and presented only the daughter to Saturne After this contrary to the knowledge of Saturne shee brought forth an other sonne called Neptune and at another birth Pluto and Glauca but she onely shewed the daughter Titan vnderstanding that Saturne had broken promise with him with the forces of the Titanois his children inuaded Saturne imprisoned him and his wife Ops which Iupiter hauing knowledge of being a valiant Prince and ayded with the Coribantes amongst whoÌ„ he was trayned ouercame Titan and deliuered his Parents Of this warre came the fable of the warres of the Giants Saturne forwarned by the Oracle to take â—eede of Iupiter his sonne for that hee had â—â—tention to kill him and expulse him his â—ingdome deuised to destroy him who vnâ—erstanding his coÌ„spiracies came with a great â—rmy and vanquished his Father Saturne fled into Italy and there taught the people to plant and sow and manure theyr earth in recompence whereof hauing liued before with roots and wild fruits they honored him as a God Iupiter maried his sister Iuno and conquered many Countries not so much by power as pollicy and for his wisedome ordayning of lawes inuention of arts profitable for mans life he was worshipped as a God to whom those Princes he ouercame erected temples thereto inioyned by him for the better establishment of his deuine honour The brethren of Iupiter Neptunus and Pluto summoned him to partition of his patrimony where-vnto he agreed and deuiding the kingdome by lot the vvest part fell to Pluto the Iles and banks of the Sea happened to the portion of Neptune and to Iupiteâ— all the confines of the East Of this partition sprung the fiction of the Poets calling Neptune the God of the Seas and Pluto God infernall or dis pater for that the vvest or falling of the sunne is more dark and cloudy and more base and low then the East Heere grew also the first fiction that Iupiter chased his Father into hell for that Italy where Saturne was retired standeth vvest in respect of Candia and is more darke The Poets faigned that the firmament or heauen fell to the part of Iupiter the rather for that hee remayned for the most part since that partition in the mount Olympus in Thesalia vvhich the Greekes called heauen Iuno the daughter of Saturne vvas the sister and wife of Iupiter borne at Argos some write at Samos the Goddesse of marriage and therefore called Pronuba likewise Lucina for child-birth the Queene of riches and honour to whom the Pecocke is consecrated Vulcanus was the God of fire and sonne of Iuno vvhom Iupiter for his deformity cast from heauen into Lemnos where he was honoured Mars was faigned to be the God of warre and Iunoes sonne without the company of man he was also vvorshipped in Lemnos Apollo the God of vvisedome Musicke Phisicke Poetry and Shooting was borne of Iupiter and Latona brother to Diana he â—s called in heauen Sol in earth Liber pater iâ—â—ell Apollo he was worshipped at Delphos and renowned for his Oracles Venus vvyfe of Vulcan is faigned to bee borne of the froth of the Sea the Goddesse of loue beauty and all sensuall delights she was adored in Cyprus Cupid the sonne of Venus was paynted naked winged blind in his hand a bowe and at his backe a Quiuer of arrowes his companions are Dronkennesse Sloth Luxury Strife Hate and VVarre he was worshipped for the God of Loue. Mercurie vvas the Sonne of Iupiter and Maia the God of eloquence and merchandize and the messenger of the Gods holding a Caduceus in his hand Dionysius otherwise called Bacchus for that hee shewed the Indeans the vse of Grapes was honoured for a God Ceres first taught men hovve to plough sovve reape and grinde theyr Corne and therefore they helde her a Goddesse Plinie Diana for her chast lyfe vvas honoured for a Goddesse she continually exercâ—â—sed her selfe in hunting wild beasts in heaâ—uen she is called Luna in earth Diana in heâ— Proserpina Aeolus was faigned by the Poets to be thâ— God of the winds because the cloudes anâ— mists rising about the 7. Aeolian Ilands 〈◊〉 whom hee was King did alwayes portenâ— great store of winds Pallas was the Goddesse of wisedome anâ— all good Arts and Sciences borne of Iupiteâ—â— braine without a mother Nemesis the daughter of Oceanus and Nox called also Adrastea was the Goddesse of reuenge Berecynthia Rhea Tellus Vesta or Cybile was the mother of the Gods Pierides the nine Muses daughters of Iupiter and Mnemosyne dwelled in Helicon and were called the Goddesse of Poetry Musicke Momus was the carping God who neuer did any thing himselfe but curiously beheld the doings of other to carpe thereat Priapus the sonne of Bacchus and Venus the God of Gardens Pomoma the Goddesse of fruite Flora of flowers and Feronia of the woods Charites were the Graces in number three â—glaia Thalia Euphrosyne supposed to bee â—he daughters of Iupiter Venus Penates Lares were houshold Gods but â—ares for the harth and fire called by the â—ames of good and euill Angells also the â—reseruers of Townes and Citties Genius or Daimon the Panyms thought to â—e a good or euill Angell appoynted to each man to guide and defend or to punish them Fortune is faigned to dispose and change the good and euill haps of men the daughter of Oceanus or as Orpheus of the blood as a power not to be resisted shee is painted blind and drawne in a Coach with blind Horses vainly honored for a Goddesse Pan was the God of sheepheards of whom Duriâ— Samius writeth that hee was the sonne of Penelope whose wooers being so long delayed they all abused her and got vpon her Pan. Pales was the Goddesse of sheepheards Faunus sonne to Picus and father of Latinus was the Father of all the rurall Gods his Son Sterculius inuented the manuring coÌ„passing of grounds and therfore was deified Syluanus the God of vvoods loued Cyparissus who was turned by Apollo into a tree of his owne name in remembrance of 〈◊〉 Syluanus would alwayes beare a braunchâ— Cypres Ianus a King of Italy was a wise and proâ—â—â—dent Prince and therfore they pictured hiâ— with two faces he was called the God of â—â—â—terance whose temple gates in time of wanâ— was alwayes open and in peace shut vp Terminus was God of the bounds or seueâ—rall marks Libitina was a Goddesse in whose templâ— were sold all things pertaining to
table Idem Of Lechery This bewitching euill beeing an vnbrideled appetite in whomsoeuer it raigneth killeth all good motions of the minde altereth dryeth weakeneth the body shortning lyfe diminishing memory and vnderstanding CYrena a notorious strumpet vvas sirnamed Dode camechana for that shee inuented and found out tvvelue seuerall waies of beastly pleasure Cor. Arip Proculeius the Emperour of an hundred Sarmatian virgins he tooke captiue he deflowred tenne the first night and all the rest vvithin fifteene dayes after Hercules in one night deflowred fiftie Theophrastus writeth of an Indian hearbe vvhich who so eateth is able to performe 70. seuerall actions Iohannes á Casa Archbishop of Beneuento and Legate in Venice vvrit a booke in praise of the abhominable vice of Sodomitrie Sigismond Malatesta striued to haue carnall knowledge of his sonne Robert vvho thrusting his dagger into his fathers bosom reuenged his wickednes Cleopatra had the vse of her brother Ptolomeus company as of her husbands Antiochus stayed a whole vvinter in Chalcidea for one mayde which he there fancied Lust vvas the cause of the vvarres between the Romaines and the Sabines Liuius Thalesthis Queene of the Amazons came 25. dayes iourney to lie vvith Alexander Iustinus Adultery in Germany is neuer pardoned Tacitus Messalina and Popilia vvere so incontinent that they coÌ„tended vvith most shamefull harlots prostrating themselues without respect of time place or company to any though neuer so base Plut. Claudius deflowred his owne sisters and Semiramis burned in beastly lust tovvards her sonne Ninus Nero caused Atticus a Romaine Consull to be slayne that hee might the more conueniently enioy the company of his wife Corn. Tacitus Commodus not contented with his three hundred Concubines coÌ„mitted incest vvith his owne sisters Herodian Caligula dyd the like but the one vvas slaine by his vvife the other by his Concubine Adultery was the cause of the first alteration of the Citty of Rome Eutrop. Sempronia a vvoman well learned in the Greeke and Sappho no lesse famous defended luxurie and lust by their writings Cleopatra inuited Anthony to a banquet in the prouince of Bithinia in the vvood Sesthem where at one instance of threescore young virgines fiftie and fiue were made mothers Cleophis a Queene of India saued her kingdome and subiects from destruction by a nights lodging with Alexander by whom she had a sonne called Alexander vvho was afterward King of India shee was euer after called Scortum Reginum Iustine Heliogabalus not onely deflowred but also married a virgine Vestall saying it vvas reason that Priests shoulde marry Nunnes because that in times past hee had beene Priest of the Sunne Iane Queene of Naples was hanged vp for her aduoutry in the very same place vvhere shee had hanged her husband Andreas afore because he was not as shee sayd able to satisfie her beastly desire Feron King of Egypt had beene blind 10. yeeres and in the eleuenth the Oracle told hym that he should recouer his sight if hee washed his eyes in the vvater of a vvoman vvhich neuer had to doe with any but her husband vvhereupon hee first made tryall of his owne vvife but that dyd him no good after of infinite others which did him all as little saue onely one by whom hee recouered his sight and then hee put all the rest to death Herodot Iulia the daughter of Augustus vvas so immodest shamelesse and vnchast that the Emperour was neuer able to reclaime her and vvhen shee was admonished to forsake her bad kinde of lyfe and to follow chastitie as her Father dyd shee aunswered That her Father forgotte that hee was Caesar but as for herselfe shee knew well enough that shee was Caesars daughter Cornelius Gallus and Q. Elerius tvvo Romaine Knights dyed in the very action of theyr filthy lust Plinie Arichbertus eldest sonne vnto Lotharius King of Fraunce dyed euen as hee was embracing his whores Alcibiades was burned in his bed with hys Curtezan Timandra Plut. The Egyptians punishments against adultery was to cut of the nose of the vvoman and the priuie parts of the man Alexander when a woman was brought to him one euening demaunded of her vvhy shee came so late she aunswered that shee stayed vntill her husband was gone to bed VVhich he no sooner heard but he sent her away being angry with theÌ„ that had almost made him commit adultery He was angry with Cassander because hee would by force kisse a minstrels maid Rodolphus King of Lombardie beeing taken in adultery was slaine by the vvomans husband whom he abused Roderigo King of Spayne was depriued of his kingdome life by the Sarazins who vvere called in by an Earle called Iulian that he might be auenged of the king for forcing his daughter Caelius Rhodoginus in his 11. booke of antiquities telleth of a certain man that the more he vvas beaten the more he feruently desired vvomen The vvidowe of the Emperour Sigismund intending to marry againe one perswaded her to spende the remainder of her life after the manner of the Turtle-Doue who hath but one make If you counsell mee quoth shee to followe the example of byrds why doe you not tell me of Pidgions Sparrowes which after the death of their makes doe ordinarilie couple themselues with the next they meet Hiero King of Syracusa banished the Poet Epicharmus for speaking vvantonly before his vvife and that very iustly for hys vvife vvas a true mirrour of chastitie Sulpitius Gallus put away his wife by deuorce because shee went abroad vnmasked Pompey caused one of his souldiers eyes to be put out in Spaine for thrusting his hand vnder a womans garment that was a Spanyard and for the like offence did Sertorius commaund a footeman of his band to be cut in peeces Sabellicus If Caracalla had not seene his mothers thigh he had not married her Suetonius Speusippus the Phylosopher one of Platoes followers vvas slaine for his adulterie Tertullianus Tigellinus dyed amongst his Concubines Tacitus Rodoaldus King of Lombardy was slaine with a certaine matrone euen in the action of their concupiscence Paulus Diaconus By the law of Moses adulterers were stoned with rigour which our law doth not obâ—erue for were it to bee so in these dayes wee should not finde stones enough to fulfill it A Nunne finding in her Booke at the bottome of the leafe these vvordes Bonum est omnia scire determined to try what the carnall copulation of man and woman might â—ee but turning ouer the leafe shee sawe in the beginning thereof Sed non vti vvhereâ—pon to her greefe shee altered her purpose and her ioy lasted but a while Rutilius Consull of Rome caused the temple of Lucina to bee burned because his daughter great with child made her vow and kept her 9. vigils and vpon more deuotion was desirous to bee deliuered in the temple The Persians would not shew their wiues vnto strangers Iosephus The Tarentines and the Capuans were very mortall ennemies by chaunce one one day in the campe of the
Capuans two Captaines fell at variance because they both loued one woman which when the Tarentines perceiued immediatly they gaue them the onset ouercame them If Scipio Affricanus had not scowred the Romaine Armies of leachery the inuincible Numantia had neuer beene ouercome Phalaris the tirant would neuer grant man any thing that he desired neyther euer denied any thing that a dissolute woman requested Plut. Caligula gaue but 6000. sextercies onely to repaire the walls of Rome 10000. sextercies for furring one of his Lēmons gowns Idem Dionysius the tyrant albeit of nature hee was most cruell yet by his Curtezan Mirta hee became so tractable that shee onely did confirme all his prouisions of the weale publique and hee did but ordaine and appoynt them Themistocles was so enamoured of a woman that he had taken in the warres of Epirus that she being sicke and let blood he also was let blood and washed his face with the blood that issued out of her arme VVhen Demetrius had taken Rhods there was brought to him a faire Gentlewoman which he made his friend in loue which she perceauing to be great shewed her selfe angry with him and refused his company but he abandoning his estate on his knees prayed her to pardon him Autenaricus a famous King of the Gothes after he had triumphed ouer Italy and made himselfe Lord of Europe was so far in loue with Pincia a Curtezan that whilst she combed his head he would make cleane her slippers Olaus I. Caesar diuersly was spotted with adultry as with Posthumia the wife of Seruius Sulpitius Lelia the wife of Gabinus with Tartalin the wife of Crassus with Musia Cnerius Pompeyes vvyfe and Seruilia the mother of Brutus Of Desperation The last of all the perturbations of the mind is Desperation and is of all other most pernicious this destroyer of all hope of better fortune entereth so farre into the hart of man that it maketh him offer violence to himselfe then the which nothing can bee more dangerous to the soule BRutus and Cassius after the death of Caesar desperatly killed themselues Anthony when hee heard that Cleopatra had slaine her selfe desperatly ranne vpon his sword Empedocles because hee could not learne the cause of Aetnaes burning threw himselfe into it Horace Aristotle for that he could not giue a reason of the flux and reflux of Eurypus drowned himselfe Themistocles vvas not ashamed of this damnable speach in his mouth If a man should shew me two seuerall wayes the one leading to heauen the other to hell of the twaine I had rather take the latter Aelianus Spira the Italian being exhorted to say the Lords prayer desperately aunswered That hee could not with his heart call God Father because the deuill was his Father nor haue any place but amongst the reprobate The Donatists rather then they would bee forced from theyr fancies slew themselues yet this did nothing fray the Church of God from compelling them by the rigour of Princes lawes without any respect of their wilfull desperation August Ptolomeus that killed Pompeius being ouercome by Caesar drowned himselfe in the Riuer Nilus Eutropius Phylostrates beeing destitute of all hys friends by the reason of a contagious wound hee had led a poore and miserable lyfe and lyke a begger wandered from place to place thereby to signifie that though hee were in such misery as no man more yet had he rather in that griefe so consume his dayes then desperatly to kill himselfe Fimbria killed himselfe in Asia in the temple of Aesculapius because hee would not be taken of Sylla Appian Timocrates an Athenian seeking to auoyde the feare of death by water as then ready to be sunke in a shippe killed himselfe Thucidides Sabina the wife of Adrian the Emperour beeing without all reason or modesty was cruelly intreated and with extreamity driuen to desperation murdered her selfe Eutropius Arbogastus beeing vanquished by Theodosius the Emperour fled out of the battaile and not finding place of refuge or security with his owne sword killed himselfe Ambrose Artaxerxes caused his eldest sonne Darius to be slaine for certaine treacherous demeanours the second brother next to him forthwith in his fathers presence drew out his persian Acynax and desperatly murthered himselfe Aelian Mithridates naked of all comfort desperate in his vnhappy fortunes when hee could not dispatch himselfe by poyson for that hee had alwayes vsed Antidotes from whence at this day we cal our Mithridate desired Bitalus a French-man and one of his Captains to kill him which he obayed Appian The Assapeians besieged of the Romaines seeing no way to escape their tiranny bondage brought all their goods and riches into the market-place piled vpon them great heapes of wood and sware 50. of the chiefest of their Citty that they with thēselues wiues and children should goe vp to it and if they were furder distressed to set it on fire Idem Of the Deuill The deuill hath diuers names he is called Diabolus Daemō of Plato Cacodaemō Sathan Lucifer Leuiathan Mammon Asmodeus Beelzebub Baal Berith Belphegor Astaroth THE deuill suffered Herod in words to pretend the worshipping of Christ when he intended in his hart to kill him He made Pilate to confesse Christes innocency yet against his owne conscience to giue sentence of death against him Hee caused Iudas to kisse Christ as though he loued him then to betray him The deuill caused Pilates wife to dreame that she was troubled because of Christ and prayed him not to medle with him for that the deuill knew by his death the restauration of mankind It is written in the discourse of the liues of the fathers of Aegipt that one of them saw in a vision the assembly of deuills and hearing one report the diuersity of illusions wherewith they had beguiled the world hee sawe their Prince make great gratulation and recompence to one of those ill spirits that had deceaued a vertuous man of the Church thē to all the rest stirring thousands to transgressions and sinnes In Italy an vnlearned vvoman possessed with the deuill being asked which was the best verse Virgil made aunswered Discite Iustitiam monite et non temnere diuos Louicerus A mayde borne in Saxony before she was twelue yeares of age and one that neue◠knew what learning meant possessed as the other prophecied in Greeke and Latine the warres that were to come in Saxonie Idem The King of the Sodomites in the person of the deuill sayde to Abraham Giue mee the soules take thou the rest The deuil disputed with Michael about the body of Moses A Musition shewed his cunning before Antigonus whō he oftentimes found fault with bidding him set vp his treble string higher then his meane the Musition said The deuill is in it ô King by the Gods I sweare if thou art more expert then I. Aelian The head and leader of euill spirits is Lucifer which hath that name for hee was made more cleare and bright
picture of a man is composed of tvventiâ— foure starres holding a Serpent in his handâ— and as it vvere striuing there-vvith hee is fayned to bee Esculapius the sonne of Apollo vvho vvhen Hippolitus vvas dead restored him againe to life and after was called Viâ—â—bius Ouid. The Serpent Phoebus placed by his sonne for that by his meanes hee restored â—lauâ—â— king Minos sonne from death to life Sagitta the dart is that strong steeled arroâ— with the which Hercules killed the Griffiâ—â— that tyred vpon Prometheus hart when heâ— was chained to the top of Caucasus for steâ—â—ling fire from heauen Aquila the Eagle or the bird of Ioue whâ—â— stole the fayre Phrygian Ganimede anâ— brought him to Iupiter who serued him witâ— Nâ—â—â—ar and Ambrosia The Dolphin is that Fish vvhich when â—â—rion was cast into the sea first receiue him kindly vppon his backe and afterwarâ— sette him saâ—e on shoare in Italie in recomâ—pence vvhereof the Gods placed him in thâ— firmament Equiculus the little horse of Bacchus 〈◊〉 vvhom he vsed to ryde vvhen his idle brainâ— vvas ouerburdened vvith too much vvinâ— aâ—ter vvhose death his maister desired the Gods that he might in requitall of his seruicâ— be made a starre Pegasus the flying horse ingendred by the sun of Medusas blood could be managed by 〈◊〉 vntill Bellerophon vndertooke him who â—â—ding vp into the skies fell downe from him 〈◊〉 to the Seas but the horse kept his way still 〈◊〉 heauen where he resteth Andromeda the wife of Perseus at whose â—â—rth the Gods promised her immortality â—â—ter her death had her place amongst the â—â—arres The Triangle signifieth the three squared forme of the thrice happy land of Cicilia the Countrey of Ceres which shee desired the Gods to be placed in heauen for the loue she â—â—re to the Land All these stars aboue mentioned haue their residence in the Arcticke clymes keeping their continuall motion with the Spheares Aries is the golden Ramme that carryed Phryxus and his sister ouer Hellespont from their cruell mother Taurus the Bull that Iupiter transformed him into when he stole Europa the daughter of Agenor VVithin his forme are the seauen starres once Atlas daughters called Atlantides of â—â—e which Electra the fayrest the same night that Troy was burned puld in her head and would not see the flames since vvhich â—â—me there be but sixe of them seene vvho are also named Hyades and Plyades Gemini Castor and Pollux were begot 〈◊〉 Iupiter one Leda when he transformed himâ—selfe into a Swan Cancer the Crab when Hercules was fighâ—ting with Hydra bit him by the heele whoâ— he espying killed but Iuno for that she seâ—â— her made her a signe in heauen Leo was the Nemean Lyon whom Herculâ—â— slew and Ioue placed in heauen to grace hiâ— Sonne Virgo the Poets faine to be Iustice vvhâ—â— forsaking earth flew to heauen enforced bâ— the wickednes of men Libra are the ballance of Iustice wheretâ— she wayed the vnequall actions of mens disâ—ordered lyfes Scorpio was made a signe for killing Oriâ—â— with his sting who proudly boasted that thâ— earth bred no monster but he could subdue Sagitarius is Crocus the sonne of Euthâ—â—mia that nursed the Muses who sucked thaâ— milke the Muses left whom at their requeâ—â— Iupiter made a signe Capricornus was the disguised shape of Paâ— the God of sheepheards halfe fish and half Goate when the Gyant Typhon warred aâ—gainst the Gods which when the wars werâ— ended Iupiter placed among the starres Aquarius is Ganymedes of Troy vvhom Iupiter caused his Eagle to fetch to bee his â—â—ge Pisces are those fishes that vvhen Venus and Cupid sporting themselues by Euphraâ—es were compassed by the great Gyant Tiphon for feare of him tooke the Riuer and were sustained by them whom she changed to starres These stars following are of the Southerne climate The VVhale is placed next to the signes which should haue deuoured Andromeda Orion was the sonne of Hyreus who entertained Iupiter Neptune and Mercury as they trauailed who desired of them a Sonne who after his death was thus metamorphized Eridanus or Padus the Riuer wherein Phaethon was drowned which for quenching of that flame is among the starres The Hare is at his feete vvith two fierce dogges pursuing it this fearefull beast Phaethon delighted in when he liued Iasons shippe in the which hee brought to Colchos the golden fleece was placed next to Orion The Crow was so changed by Apollo and the Cup likewise with Hydra the Serpenâ— told him kept him from the vvell whetheâ— he was sent with the Cup for water Centaurus called Chiron the Schoolemaisteâ— of Esculapius Achilles and Hercules was bâ— the Gods stellified The VVoolfe was placed next to him anâ— an Altar holding the Sacrifice in his handâ— ready to offer signifying his deuotion The wheele whereon Ixion was tortured for offering dalliance to Iuno The Southerne fish is called Venus daughâ—ter so transformed in the Sea Of Religion From the beginning of the creation of thâ— world Abell and Cain did religiously sacrificeâ— God but Enoch was the first that set downes what manner he should be called vpon THE auntient Romaines through the inâ—stinct of nature onely did so reuerenth think of Religion that they sent theyr chiâ—â—dren and the most noble men of Rome theâ— Sonnes into Hetruria to learne the mannâ—â— of seruing God Liuius They had neuer any greater meanes to extend the borders of theyr Empire and the glory of their famous Acts ouer all the earth then Religion Polybius Among the Athenians no King was created before he had taken orders and vvas a Priest they killed all those that enuied theyr religion Theyr chiefest oath was this In defending religion both alone and with others will I fight against my foes Demosth. The Aegiptians of Philosophers chose their Priests and of Priests their Kings The Lacedemonians when they laid hands vpon those that fled to the temple of Neptune for succour Sparta was so shaken vvith earth-quakes that few of theyr houses escaped Nat. Comes The Phocians were condemned in a great summe of money by the Amphyctiones because they had tilled grounde which was consecrated to the Gods which sum when they refused to pay they pronounced theyr Countrey as confiscate to the Gods wherevpon arose a warre called the holy vvarre made by the rest of the Grecians against theÌ„ which in the end was their ruine Diodorus Epicurus first began to rise against the religion of God Lucretius The Germaines in the time of Tacitus 〈◊〉 neyther lawe nor religion nor knowledge nor forme of common wealth whereas noâ— they giue place to no nation for good inâ—struction in all things The Chananites were the first that vveâ—â— ignorant of the true worshipping of God because theyr first Authour and original Cham vvas cursed of his Father Noah Laâ—â—tantius The Hebrewes vvorshipped the true Goâ— at the first but when they increased in number as the sands of the Sea they went into diuers Countries and left there true religion fayning newe Gods and
rich crowne of â—old and offer it to Apollo but the common â—reasure being poore the vvomen defaced â—heir Owches and Iewels to make it with all â—or which they had graunted three things to â—eare on their heads garlands of flowers to goe in chariots and openly to the feasts of â—he Gods Theseus asked of the Gods three things good fortune want of inward sorrow such glory as was neither false counterfaite nor â—ained of three other boones which he prayed of Neptune the third was in his fury curâ—ing his sonne Hyppolitus and wishing his violent death which after it was granted he repented him Cicero Demonides hauing crooked feet lost both of his shooes where-vpon he desired God â—hat his shoone might serue his feet that had â—ound them VVhen Alcibiades was condemned by the Athenians they commaunded the religious people of either sexe to curse him which one of them refused to doe saying that they had entered religion not to make vniust but iust prayers Thucydides Sylla Tiberius Caligula and Nero neueâ— could but commaund and kill on the other side Augustus Titus and Traianus could not but pray and pardon in such manner that they ouercame praying as the other fighting The Lacedemonians custome was not to craue any thing of their Gods but what was of importance and consequence saying thaâ— all smal matters were to be obtained by manâ— industry Plinie in an oration he made in the prayse of Traiane commended the custome of the Auntients to make inuocation before the beginning of their work and sayd that there could be no assured nor wise beginning of any enterprise without the especiall ayde and counsaile of God In Athence was a temple dedicated to Mercy which the Athenians kept so well watched and locked that without leaue licence of the Senate none might enter therein in this temple were only the Images of pittiful men and none entered there to pray and doe sacrifice but those that vvere pittifull Macrobius Isocrates prayed God to saue and keepe him from his friends rather then his enemies saying of his enemies he could be wary â—ecause I trust them not so can I not of my â—â—iends because I haue assured confidence 〈◊〉 them Octauius prayed GOD that it might be â—yde that by him the common wealth of â—ome was preserued from all danger and at â—is death to carry with him that hope that 〈◊〉 might remaine many ages in that estate â—e left it Suetonius A poore man craued an almes of the Emâ—erour Maximilian and told him that they â—ame both of one Father to wit Adam and â—o consequently were brethren desiring broâ—herly to deale with him to whom the Emâ—erour gaue a small peece of siluer whereat â—hen he saw the poore man discontented he told him that he ought to take it in good worth saying that if euery one of his breâ—hren would giue him as much he should â—uickly be richer then himselfe Anthony distressed by the King of Parâ—â—ia held vp his hands to heauen saying if aâ—y disdaine of GOD remayned of his forâ—er fortunes hee desired it might fall vpon â—im so the Romaine army might be freed â—nd haue the victory Appian Virginia the daughter of Virginius for that her Father was a Plebeian was forbidden to doe sacrifice with other Romaine matrone in the temple of Chastity wherfore she madâ— a temple of her own house to the Goddesse for which the Senate made her a Patritiaâ— Liuius Claudius defiled the faire matrone Obeâ—â—na as he found her praying in the temple 〈◊〉 Minerua who condemned for sacriledge escaped punishment by bribes Brutus not satisfied in killing Caesar madâ— his prayers vnto Iupiter and the hoast 〈◊〉 heauen to plague Caesar and his posterity VVhen the Cretans were vngently intreated of the Romaines they did not pray 〈◊〉 their Gods to send them pestilence warre and famine or sedition but that they woulâ— suffer new customes manners and fashion to be brought amongst them The praier of old Cato was that the couâ—â— of pleas might bee set with linnes and 〈◊〉 to take the professors of the brawâ—â—â— study of law Plutarch Alexander caused his Horse Bucephalus be buried Augustus his Parrot and Heliogabalus his Sparrow at whose obsequieâ— hee prayed and caused the body to be embalmed Of Vertue The Hebrewes by reason of the tenne Comâ—aundements boasted that they had the cheefest â—od and the summe of all Vertue MArcus Marcellus building a Temple which he called the Temple of Honor 〈◊〉 so place situate the same as none could â—aue any entrance therein except hee came â—â—rough the Temple of Vertue Liuius The Romans did not onely assigne the â—hiefest places to men of vertue but likewise â—ubliquely they gaue them Speares Horse-â—appings and Garlands Tacitus VVhen the Romaine Victors rode in tryâ—mph a slaue sate behind them striking them 〈◊〉 vpon the necke that they shoulde reâ—ember themselues and not be proude and â—hat euery man shoulde hope by vertue to â—ome to the like dignity Plutarch Fabius for his vertues was sirnamed Maxiâ—â—us where before he was called Gurges Alexanders vertues purchased him the sirâ—ame of great Plut. It is recorded of Fabius that it was as hard â—o draw him from his honestie and vertues as the sunne from his course Eutropius Camillus for a disgrace happening to him in Rome was banished into Campania where his vertues and seruice in the vvars oâ— that country succeeded so happily with him that hee returned to Rome not as an offender but in great tryumph No Athenian excelled Alcibiades eytheâ— for vertue or vice Iustinus Socrates made him to weepe for that hee shewed him by liuely reasons that he vvas 〈◊〉 lesse estimation then a base hinde if hee haâ— not vertue and that it behooued him to bâ— sorrowfull The Rhodians and the Lydians had a lawe that those sonnes which followed not they fathers in theyr vertues but liued viciously should be disinherited and theyr lands giue to the most vertuous of that race not admitting any impious heyre vvhat-soeuer Varro For that Artaxerxes Mnemon was a vertuous Prince delighted in peace the succeeding kings of Persia were called by his name Basilius Emperour of Constantinople aâ— his death exhorted Leo his sonne to vertuous actions and not to become slaue to hyâ— owne affections by good lyfe and studie oâ— â—odlines to beautifie his soule shewing himâ—â—lfe the image and Lieuetenant of the Knig 〈◊〉 heauen Theophrastus Demetrius the scholler of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 he had ten yeeres gouerned the state of â—hence hauing in memory of his vertues â—â—ree hundred and threescore statues erected 〈◊〉 Greece yet were they all through enuie â—oken dovvne which when he heard of he 〈◊〉 Though they burne my pictures yet cannot â—â—ey burne the vertuous cause of them Theoprastus Alexander vvilled that the Grecians and Barbarians shoulde no more be disguised by â—â—eyr garments but that the Grecian should be knowne by vertue and the Barbarian by 〈◊〉 accounting all vertuous men Greciâ—ns and all vicious Barbarians Quint. Curâ—â—us Menander King
most dangerous enemies Plut. Antigonus hearing certaine Souldiours railing vpon him hard by his tent who though that he was not so neere shewed himselfe saying can you not goe further to speake ill of me Caesar when he heard that Cato had slaine himselfe at Vtica O Cato said he I enuy thee this thy death seeing thou hast enuied me the sauing of thy life Plutarch Adrian bearing great enuy to a worthy Romaine before he was Emperor the same day he vvas elected meeting his enemy in the streete sayd to him aloud Euasisti meaning that he being now a Prince might in no wise reuenge an iniury P. Diaconus Pythagoras was so pittifull that he abstained from cruelty euen towards vnreasonable creatures that he vvould buy birds of the Fowlers and let them fly againe draught of fishes to cast them againe into the Sea Loncerus Augustus made one his Seruant that would haue killed him Domitian when he was first chosen Emperour did so abhorre cruelty that he would not suffer any beasts to be killed for sacrifice The Snakes of Syria the Serpents of Tyrinthia and the Scorpions in Arcadia are gentle and sparing of theyr naturall soyle though cruell in others Plinius Scipio hauing taken Hasdruball captiue restored him againe without ransome Darius vnderstanding that his Subiects were sore taxed with Subsidies blamed his Counsaile rebuked their Law and in an oration vnto his Subiects signified that he was oath his estate should hinder theyrs which gentlenes so wone them that they offered their lands and lyfes at his feet Herodotus The Emperor Aurelian the gates of Tiaeâ—a being shut against him he sent word that vnlesse they yeelded he would not leaue one flogge aliue in the Citty vvhich they notwithstanding refused to doe but he ouercomming them was so pittifull that he spaâ—ed them commaunding to kill all the flogs Porus King of India conquered of Alexâ—nder and being commaunded to aske what â—e would fearing that pitty was farre from Alexander desired clemency which he granâ—ed Brusonius Alexander vvas so famous for clemency that Darius wished that he might ouercome Alexander to shew him curtesie or that Aâ—exander and none else might conquer him Plutarch The Romaines were renowned for the honorable funerals of Siphax king of Numidia whom they tooke prisoner Valerius Prusias King of Bythinia being banished by Nicomedes his owne Sonne came to the Romains who entreated him euery way according to his worthines estate Diodorus So did they with Ptolomey banished by his owne brother and restored him againe to his kingdome Marcellus after his Souldiours had conquered Syracusa not without great slaughter of many mounted vp an high tower of the Castell and with teares lamented the â—â—full fall of Syracuse Valerius Metellus besieging the great Citty Centobrica in the Country of Celtiberia when he saw their miserable condition and their women comming out with theyr children to craue mercy he with-drew his intended forces remoued his campe and spared the Citty to his eternall commendation In Athence there was a temple dedicated to Mercy into which none might enter except he were beneficiall pittifull and then also with licence from the Senate Macrobius Arcagatus a notable Chirurgion was highly esteemed among the Romaines as long as he had pitty vpon his Patients whose cure â—e had promised but when hee began to be â—nmerciful he was not only dispised of graue men but in derision called Vulnerarius Gelâ—ius Rome was called the hauen of succour the â—nker of trust the key of curtesie wher-vnto â—ll helplesse Princes fled Pompey hauing coÌ„quered Tigranes King of Armenia and he kneeling at his feet yeelding his crowne and scepter he tooke him in his armes put his crowne vppon his head and restored him againe to his kingdome Plutarch Iulius Caesar was as willing to reuenge the death of Pompey as L. Paulus was curteous fauourable to his foe Perseus Idem Haniball although a deadly enemy to the Romaines yet in princely clemency he wone more commendacions by the buriall of Aemilius Gracchus Marcellus then he got fame by ouercomming three thousand Romaines Valerius Polycrates the tyrant of Samos was very gentle towards those women that were the wiues of the dead Souldiours restoring them to their liberty and giuing them wherewithall to maintaine their after estate Vespasian after that Vitellius had killed his brother Sabius and long persecuted his sonne being at last subdued he spared his daughter and bestowed a great sum of money with her in mariage Agesilaus after he had ouercome the Corinthians did not so ioy in his conquest as he lamented the death of so many men Plut. Augustus when he had conquered Alexandria the Citty which Alexander built mooued with pitty in sight of the Cittizens expecting nothing but death said for the beauty of your Citty and memory of Alexander and the loue I beare vnto Pyrrhus your philosopher and pitty of all I spare your Citty and graunt you life Aelianus Certain drunkards abused in wanton spech Pisistratus vvife and being sober the next morning came to aske him forgiuenes he gently said learne to be sober another time Camillus rebelled against Alexander Seuerus the Emperour of Rome and for that being condemned to dye by the Senate was pardoned by him Eutropius Fabius forgaue Marius the treasons hee practised against him Cicero said of Iulius Caesar that he extolling dead Pompey and erecting his statues did set vp his owne Alphonsus by his clemency and gentlenes â—one Careta so did Marcellus ouercome Siracusa Diogenes Heraclitus Apermanthus Tiâ—ion of Athence were vngentle and vnciuile persons and for their strange manners termed haters of men Phocion the Athenian would in nothing fulfill the request of the people and therfore he was hated worse then a Toade The Spartans for their obedience and humility vvere more honoured then eyther Thebes renowned for her Gods or Athence for her wisedome Plut. Marius being appoynted by the people of Rome twice to tryumph deuided the glory betweene himselfe and his fellow Catullus Appian Dion after he was made King of the Syracusans would neuer change his accustomed fare and apparell which he vsed as Studient in the Vniuersity Plut. As Alexander was on his voyage to conquer the Indians Taxiles one of the Kings desired him that they might not vvarre one against another If thou said he art lesse then I receaue benefits if greater I will take them of thee Alexander admiring his curteous spech answered At the least we must fight and contend for this whether of vs twaine shal be most beneficiall to his companion Curtius Traianus was so meeke and curteous that he was fellow-like to all men during all his raigne there was but one only Senator condemned who was adiudged to death against his will Eutropius The kingdom wherin the Emperor Augustus most delighted and ioyed was of the Mauritanes and the reason was this because all other kingdoms he got by the sword and this kingdom by intreatance Suetonius Alexander did write to Publian
notwithstanding hee had subdued two mighty Citties Numance and Carthage so bountifull vvas hee all hys life time Lisander esteemed liberalitie to others more then his owne priuate welfare Fabius Maximus at his owne charge redeemed many Romaine prisoners that were taken captiue by Haniball Of Patience This vertue causeth a vvise man to prepare himselfe to entertaine all kind of fortunes therfore God hath so disposed things that hee will not suffer man to haue a prescience of thinges to come OF all men one man named Anarchus Augustus was most patient in torments and one woman named Laena most patient for silence Plinie Plutarch gaue the Emperor Traiane counsell to be patient towards furious folkes considering that time moderateth as many matters as reason doth change Socrates beeing counselled to reuenge a wrong receiued aunswered VVhat if a mastie had bitten me or an Asse had strooke mee would you haue me goe to law with them Ptolomey King of Egypt demaunded merily of a Gramarian who was the Father of Peleus who aunswered that he desired first to know who was the Father of Lagus noting thereby his base parentage whom when he vvas counselled to punish sayd patiently If it be vnseemely for a King to be mocked it is also as vndecent for him to mocke another Valentinian was of a subtile wit graue countenaunce stoute in his affayres in aduersities patient and a great enemie of the vicious temperate in eating and drinking and a friend to religious persons P. Diac. After Sylla the Romaine had resigned hys Dictatorshyp and became a priuate man a certaine young-man greatly reuiled him gaue him euill language euen before his own dwelling place hee nowe patiently bearing his speeches without any reuengement who before had caused many of his country-men to die for smaller offences tovvardes him Appian VVhen Nicodromos the Musitian had smytten Crates the Thebane on the face he ware a peece of paper on his forheade ouer the wound where in he wrote This did Nicodromos He vvould of purpose scold with harlots thereby to inure himselfe to beare al reproches the more patiently Dem. Phal VVhen the persecuted Christians complained against theyr aduersaries to Iulian the Emperour desiring iustice he ansvvered them It is your Maisters commaundement that you should beare all kinde of iniuries with patience Mauritius the Emperour beholding the death of his children vvith great patience vvhen he savve his vvife put to death cryed out O Lord thou art iust and thy iudgements are right Darius what ill hap soeuer chaunced vnto him hee tooke it patiently and vvas neuer troubled in minde for the same Herodotus Anaxagoras vvas much commended for so patiently bearing the death of his sonne for when newes was brought him that his sonne was dead he sayd I knew that I had begotten a mortall man Laertius Eretricus one of Zenos schollers beeing asked of his father what hee had learned aunswered hee would tell him by and by but hee thereat angry strooke his sonne vvho presently sayd vnto him This much haue I learned to beare patiently the wordes and blowes which my father giueth me Lycurgus hauing lost one of his eyes by the misbehauiour of Alcander towards him the Cittizens brought Alcander vnto him to be punished but he contrary to their request patiently dismissed him and pardoned the offence Thucidides Eusebius vvhen a vvicked vvoman of the sect of Arrius had vvillingly throwne a stone at him and therewithall had vvounded him to death he was so patiently minded and so farre from taking reuenge that hee svvore all his friends that were about him at the very howre of his death not to punish her for the same Xenophon Dion and Antigonus are faâ—ous for theyr singuler patience The Gymnosophists of India were so patient that from sunne rising till sunne setting they continued vpon the hote sand vvithout either meate or drinke The Lacedemonians were most patient in trauaile winde weather and warres Diogenes walking one day abroade in Athence wherein there was many images of such auncient men as had best deserued of the Common-wealth asked his almes of them all one after another and being asked why he did so I learne heereby quoth he to take deniall patiently The Hebrew Doctors figure the Asse as a perfect symbole of patience fortitude and clemencie Cor. Agrippa Because the Asse patiently yeeldeth his body to so many burdens in reward thereof he is neuer troubled with the lousie sicknesse Idem The Asse vvas so respected in the olde Testament that when God commaunded euery first borne to be slaine for sacrifice hee onely spared with men Asses Christ vvould haue the patient Asse a witnesse of his natiuitie Idem A certaine Philosopher vsurped the name not to the true vse of vertue but for ostentation sake to whom one sayd that hee would not repute him a vvise Phylosopher vnlesse he dyd vvith patience endure contumelies and iniuries vvhich hee a vvhile did suffer but boasting sayd Now doost thou see that I am a right Phylosopher but the other presently replyed I had vnderstood so much if thou hadst held thy peace Boetius Tyberius Caesar was commended of Suetonius for suffering in free citties free tongs Philip of Macedon asked the Embassadors of Athence vvhat pleasure hee might doe to them to vvhom they answered that it were the greatest pleasure to Athence if he would hang himselfe which the King patienly endured saying Your reprochfull wordes doe make King Philip better able to reuenge your malice by warres then moue him to aunswere your vnseeming speeches with words Alexander Seuerus beeing by some of hys friendes informed that he was greatly maligned of his people blamed of the Senators for the slender regard he had of the Citty he sayde It belongeth to Princes to requite the good and not remember the euill Herodian Harpalus was of exceeding patience being bidden by Astiages to supper vvhere he had tvvo sonnes of his ready drest and layde in a siluer charger before him on the table to bee eaten Iustinus Of Education There be two ages as Aristotle saith wherinto the institution of youth is to bee deuided namely from the age of seauen yeeres vntill foureteene and from foureteene to one twentie for they that deuide the ages by seuen most commonly say amisse but it is rather meete to follow the deuision of nature because euery Art and institution will supply the want of nature IN Persia Lacedemonia and sundry other Prouinces the Princes and the Nobilitie had alvvayes a special regard to commit the education of theyr chyldren to such men of learning as might instruct them in matters of vvisedome whereby they might proue profitable to their câ—untry Lycurgus to prooue that education could alter nature brought vp two whelps which had both one Damme the one to hunt the other to keepe house and afterward to try the conclusion he sette downe before them an Hare and a pot of pottage the one fell tâ— the pottage the other ranne after the Hare Aelianus Socrates and
the tongue ought to vtter nothinâ— that is iniurious to the Creator thereof P. Diacorius Socrates had alvvayes one and the same countenance all his life time hee was neuer sadder nor pleasanter for any thing that happened vnto him Plato P. Rutilius being vniustly banished neuer changed his behauiour neyther would put on any other Gowne then that he vsed to weare although it was the custome of such as were banished to alter the same Q. Metellus sirnamed Numidicus for conquering Numidia being banished went into Asia where he frequented playes and receauing letters froÌ„ the Senate to call him home againe the newes hee bare with as great modesty as his exile with constancy not departing from the Theater before the sports were ended One casting Diogenes in the teeth with his banishment from Pontus by the Synopians answered I haue bounded them with the Country of Pontus Aristides wheÌ„ Dionisius desired his daughter in marriage hee aunswered that hee had rather see her deade then the wife of a Tyrant And hauing slaine her he was againe asked if he continued in that mind I am quoth he sorry for the fact but glad that I haue so spoken Cato notwithstanding the affliction of hys Country in him was neuer seene any alteration but had alvvayes one cheere and one countenaunce as well beeing repulsed as when he was Pretor Plutarch It is recorded of Saint Anthony and Saint Hillary that they suffered wonderful temptations in the desert yet did not forbeare euen there to doe great seruice to theyr Creator Aulus Vitellius a most victorious Emperour of all others vvas so inconstant that he would say and vnsay with one breath and vvas as vvauering in all his actions as a vvethercocke Sextus Pompeius for his vvonderful mutabilitie vvas much defamed The Common-wealth of the Sicyonians endured longer then that of the Greekes Egyptians Lacedemonians or the Romains and the reason thereof vvas because that in seauen hundred and forty yeeres they neuer made any new lawes or brake their old Lact. The Egyptians rather choose to dye theâ— to reueale any secrets though they be neuer so much racked and tormented Macrob. Aesope the bondman of Demosthenes waâ— often vrged by torture to confesse his Maisters dealing with Iulian but could neuer be brought to acknovvledge any thing vntill at the length Demosthenes himselfe disclosed it Fulgosius Anasillus Captaine of the Athenians vvas taken of the Lacedemonians and put to the torture because hee shoulde tell vvhat hee knew and vvhat the King Agesilaus his master did intend to vvhom hee aunswered You Lacedemonians haue liberty to dismember mee but I haue none to reueale my Lordes secrets Plutarch Octauius Consull of Rome vvhen Marius was banished at his repeale was vvarned by the Augurs to take heede of him and Cinna but he constantly determining not to leaue the citty while he was Consull went to them in his roabes with the Roddes and the Axes carried before him and his friendes bringing him a horse to flee he refused so to doe but abode the stroake of Censorinus who carried his head to Cinna Appian Labienus who in Syllas tyme had kylled many that were proscribed thinking that himselfe might well be reproued if he should not suffer death resolutely went home to his house sate downe in his chayre and tarried the comming of those whom Anthonie sent to take away his lyfe Appian Of Friendship The Romaines perceiuing the necessitie of Friendship shadowed the same in the shape of a young man whose heade vvas bared and vpon his breast was written Sommer and VVinter who hauing his breast open putting his finger to his hart had therein sette Farre and neere on the skirts of his coate were drawn Life and death ARtorius a Romane at the siege of Ierusalem beeing in a place that was sette on fire looking from the top of the house sawe one of his friends by Titus to whom he said Friend Lucius get on thy armour and come neere that I may leap downe vpon thee and thou maist receiue me Lucius stood for his friende who light vpon him with such force that they both died which friendship Titus caused to be noted to after ages Vrbanus Alcibiades beeing desirous to know vvhether he had so many friendes as hee thought hee called them all one after another into a darke place shewed vnto them the image of a dead body saying that it was a man whoÌ„ he had killed and requesting them to helpe him to carry the same away amongst them all hee found none but Callias that vvoulde harken vnto him Cyrus alvvayes placed his friendes on hys left side as neere his hart Xenophon The friendship of Ionathan and Dauid could not bee hindered by the vvrath of the Father of the one nor any ioâ—e changed although he knew that his friend should afterward raigne ouer him notwithstanding hee were by inheritance to succeede next his father in the kingdome There was but one Orestes and yet Pylades called himselfe Orestes and was condemned to die vnder that name onelie to saue the life of his companyon Dion of Syracusa vvas slaine of Callicrates vvhom he alvvayes highly fauoured supposed to be the most assuredst friend hee had lyuing in the world Volumnius hearing of the death of his friende Lucullus came to Anthony desiring him to send his souldiours to kill him vpon the graue of his friend and bury him vvhich hee denying Volumnius vvent to his graue and there killed himselfe leauing a briefe by him vvherein was vvritten Thou that knewest the faithfull loue betweene Volumnus and Lucullus ioyne our bodyes beeing dead as our mindes were one being aliue Asmundus so deerely loued his friende Asotus that after hee vvas dead hee vvould needes be buried vvith him aliue Saxo. The Oracle of Apollo pronounced the amitie betweene Chariton and Menalippus to be heauenly diuine and celestiall Blossius humbly desired pardon of Lelius because hee tooke part with Gracchus hauing no greater reason to excuse himselfe but his great loue toward him which he confessed to be such that hee thought himselfe bound in friendshyp to doe whatsoeuer hee would haue him yea if it were to burne the Capitoll Cicero Lucilius when he sawe that his friend Brutus was compassed about with enemies hee with a few souldiers ran among theÌ„ and sayd that hee was Brutus that his friende might scape away Plut. Polytius gaue Scipio counsell that hee should neuer depart froÌ„ the publique place of authority before hee had got some nevve friende and wel-willer Phocion when a friend of his vvould haue cast himselfe away woulde not suffer hym saying I was made thy friend to this purpose Cicero writ to Atticus that a friende vvas bounde to wish but three thinges vnto his friend that he be healthy that hee be well accounted of and that he be not needy Archidamus vvhen he vvas chosen Arbitrator to decide a certaine contention betweene two friends brought them both into Dianas Temple and made them sweare vppon the Altar
according to the laws who had hardly escaped iudgement if he had not gotten three children by her Idem Albinus obtained his purpose of the Emperour Adrian for none other desert of his but that hee had begotten an house full of children Eutropius Lycurgus made a law that they which maried not should be kept in Sommer from the sight of Stage playes and other showes and in VVinter they should go naked about the market place confessing that they had iustly deserued that punishment because they liued not according to the lawes The Greekes punished the breach of matrimony with ten yeares wars Homer Among the Hebrewes if a thiefe restored foure times the value of that he tooke away he was acquitted but an adulterers offence was punished with death It was also lawfull among them to kill the adulterer Among the Hebrewes and the Persians he was most commended that had most wiues as though the Cuntry were most beholding to him that encreased the same with the gretest number of children Tib. Gracchus finding two Serpents in his chamber inquired the meaning thereof by a South-sayer that if he slew the male first hee should dye before his wife but if the female his wife before him but louing his wife derely he killed the male and dyed shortly after Valerius Orpheus wife Euridice dying vppon her wedding day he kept his loue inuiolable and would neuer set it vpon any other Ninus King of the Assirians falling in loue with Semeramis the wife of Menon his vassal requested that hee might haue her to wife and he should haue his daughter in mariage but Menon loued her so well that hee would not yeeld thereto the King enraged caused his eyes to be pulled out tooke her away by force Menon for griefe hanged him selfe M. Lepidus being driuen into banishment hearing that his wife was maried to another dyed for griefe VVhen word was brought to Plautius Numidius a Romaine Senator that his wife was dead he stabbed him selfe Silanus after Nero had tooke his wife from him slew him selfe Domitius Catalusius Prince of Lesbos loued his wife so well that althogh she grew leprous he neuer forbad her his bord or bed Hector when he saw Troy burning was not so much greeued for his Parents his brethren nay his selfe as for Andromache his wife Homer Antonius Pius loued his wife Faustine so wel that when she died he caused her picture to be made to be set vp before his face in his bed chamber that he alwayes might remember her M. Plancius sailing with his wife into Asia in the midst of his great glory for that his wife died stabbed himselfe with his dagger saying two bodies shall possesse one graue Antimachus a Poet bewailed the death of his wife in mournfull Elegies Pericles being at Athence was found kissing of his wife at Athence being from Athence hee was found more sad to depart from his vvife then vvilling to dye for his Country Orpheus loued his wife so well that hee went to hell redeemed her from thence but through too much loue looking backe he lost her againe Ouid. Alcestes a Q. of Thessalie at what time K. Admetus should die hauing by an Oracle giuen an aunswer that if any would die for the King he should liue which when all refused his vvife offered her selfe to saue her husbands life Iulia Pompeius wife seeing him come sore wounded from the field supposing that hee was slaine beeing great with child trauailed straight and dyed Paulina the wife of Seneca when shee had heard of the death of her husband enquiring the manner of it she killed her selfe Ipsicratea the wife of Mithridates followed him lyke a Lacky in the warres vnknown to him desirous rather to bewitch him then liue a Queene in Pontus Aemilia the wife of Affricanus perceauing her husband to be in loue vvith one of her maydes and oftentimes to vse the mayde as her selfe neuer hated the mayd nor told her husband therof and when he was dead shee maried her wealthily in Rome Triara when shee knew by letters that her husband Vitellius was enuironed of his enemies she rushed into the campe and pressed to her husband ready to die with him Laodamia loued her husband so well that when she heard that Protesilaus was slaine onely desired that she might see his shadow which when shee saw and offering to embrace dyed presently Valeria a Romaine Lady sayde that her husband dyed for others but liued to her for euer Sulpitia being carefully restrained by her mother Iulia frō seeking her husband Lentulus in Sicilia whether he was banished she went thither apparailed like a Page Hipparchia a very faire and rich woman so much loued the Phylosopher Crates who was hard fauoured and poore that she maried him against all her friends minds The King of Persia hauing taken prisoner the wife of Pandanns and killed him would haue maried her but she slew her selfe vttering these words GOD forbid that to bee a Queene I should euer wed him that hath beene the murderer of my deere husband Fuluia the wife of Anthony not bearing his vnkindnes in leauing her sicke and not bidding her farewell dyed for sorrow Appian Phaethusa the wife of Pytheus thought so earnestly vpon her husbands absence that at his returne she had a beard growne vpon her chinne Hier. Merc. Melanthus sayde of Grogias the most eloquent Oratour that he laboured to exhort men to concord yet could he not quiet his wife and therefore held it great presumption to perswade others to that which hee could not procure himselfe in his owne priuate family Amongst the Romaines if any discention happened betweene the husband the wife the Parents of both parties met in a temple consecrated to the Goddesse Viriplica and there tooke notice of their griefes and also reconciled them Vlisses albeit Penelope were both faire chast would neuer trust her vntill the very extreamity Homer In Florence euen at this day he that is Father of twelue children male or female presently vpon the birth of the twelueth is free and exempt from all taxe impost loane or Subsidy Volateranus Adrian of all the Emperors the most learned in the Mathematiques Greeke tong vpon the confiscation of any mans goods attainted and conuicted hearing that hee had children vvould restore the goods of the condemned Fathers vnto them Eutropius The Arabians Grecians and Italians did vsually keepe theyr vvyues shut vp in theyr houses almost as prisoners and now likewise the Turks Antonius Geff. In Gascoine the wiues are in no subiection at all but gad vp and downe at theyr pleasures like antient Amazons Gilb. Graap Isis Queene of Aegipt made a law that vppon the marriage day the husband should take a solemne oath betvveene his vvyues hands that hee should not meddle with any houshold affaires and the wife likewise betweene her husbands hands that shee should neuer entermedle with any forraine affaires or businesses Diodorus The wiues of Sparta were reported in
left his kingdome to Arnolphus the Sonne of Charlemaine he was brought to great misery and not hauing sufficient whereby to liue dyed at Sweuia in the 7 yeare of his raigne Arnolphus a couetous Prince raigned 12 yeares and dyed of Lyce after him the maiesty of the Empire came to the Germains which continued with the French-men for the space of 100 yeares Lodouicus the sonne of Arnolphus gouerned sixe yeares to vvhom also Conradus Duke of Austria ioyned and raigned seauen yeares Henry the sonne of Otho Duke of Saxony succeed him and ruled eighteene yeares by theyr ambition many tumults arose for the space of 60 yeares from Arnolphus death to Otho the first The Italians created Berengarius Emperour who at Verona ouercame Arnolphus and put out hys eyes hee gouerned foure yeares Berengarius the second succeeded him who was driuen out of the Countrey by Roâ—olphus King of Burgundy this Rodolph â—aigned three yeares and was expulsed his â—ingdome by Hugo a Duke he gouerned â—enne yeares leauing behind him Lothariâ—s his Sonne vvho ruled two yeares after â—hom Berengarius the third with his Sonne Adelbertus gouerned eleuen yeares vvho â—sing themselues vvith all tyrannie vvere by Otho dryuen out of Italy Otho the first the Sonne of Henry the first deposed Pope Iohn the thirteenth he vvas a Prince endued vvith singuler vertue hee dyed vvhen hee had ruled thirty yeares Otho the second restored Nicephorus Emperour of Constantinople beeing put â—ut of his kingdome into it agayne and married Theoponia his sister Henry Duke of Bauiers rebelled agaynst him but hee vvas by force of armes brought to obedience hee fought vvith the Greekes and Sarazens and being ouer-throwne he fled and vvas taken by Mariners who not knowing him for that hee spake the Greeke language redeemed him-selfe for a small price and returned to Rome soone after he dyed when hee had ruled 11. yeares somâ— write he was poysoned by the Italians Otho the third put Crescentius to death and put out the eyes of Pope Iohn the 10 who deposed Gregory the fifth whom he had made Pope and for that there was greaâ— dissention for the succession of the Empire with the assent of Gregory ordayned that 7. Princes of Germany should choose the Emperour 3. ecclesiasticall and 4. secular The Archbishop of Mentz Colein Trier to these were ioyned the Prince of Boheme for as then Bohemia had no King the CouÌ„ty Palatine of the Rhene the Duke of Saxony and the Marquesse of Bradenborough but amongst these the Elector Boheme is appoynted an Vmpeere to breake off all dissension in election if any rise This institution of Otho is farre more profitable then was the ordayning of the Areopagites amongst the Athenians or the Statutes of the Ephories to the Lacedemonians these Electors were appoynted the yerâ— of Christ 1002. Otho was poysoned by the wife of Crescentius whom he put to death when he had raigned 19. yeares his wifes namâ— was Mary daughter to the King of Aragon a woman giuen to all beastlines and intemperancâ—â—f life Henry the 2. sirnamed the haulting D. of â—auier succeeded him he was the first Emâ—eror chosen by the Electors raigned 22. â—eares he was wholy giuen to religion and godly life he brought the Hungarians to the Christian faith gaue his sister to Stephen theyr King in mariage and dyed at Bamâ—rige Conradus the French-man after an Interâ—egnum for 3. yeares was chosen Emperor â—orne of the daughter of Otho the first he â—ad fortunate wars against the Pannonians â—e subdued Burgundy and dyed in the 15. yeare of his raigne Henry the 3. called the Black the sonne of Conradus was elected in his time 3. vsurâ—ing Popes Gregory 6 Syluestes 3 and Benedict 9 were by him deposed and a 4. â—nstalled who was the Bishop of Bambrige called Clement the 2. he dyed when he had â—aigned 17. yeares Henry the fourth his sonne was cursed by Pope Hildebrand and by his treasons ouerthrowne he being very young his mother gouerned the Pope made Rodolphus Emperour and sent him a crowne whereon was written Petra dedit Petro Petrus diadema Râ—â—dolpho but this vsurper was ouercom by HeÌ„â—ry his hand cut off in the battel the whicâ— when he saw ready to die he sayd Loe 〈◊〉 Lords yee Bishops this is the hand where-witâ— I promised my Lorde Henry fayth and loyaltie iudge ye then how well you haue aduised me The Pope set the sonne also against the Father vvho besieged him at Mentz but by meanes of the Princes he departed thence the Father died when he had ruled 50 yeres his body lay vnburied 5 yeares by reason of the Popes curse Henry the fifth his Sonne withstoode the tiranny of Pope Paschalis and tooke his crowne from him he gouerned the Empire 20 yeares and dyed Lotharius the 2. Duke of Saxony raigned 13 yeares against whom Conradus made warre in his time the ciuill law gathered together by Iustinian and neglected through the tumults of warre was called againe to light he dyed of a Feauer Conradus the third Duke of Bauaria and Nephew to Henry the fourth had great wars with the Sarazins in Asia assisted by Richard sirnamed Cordelion and Lewes the French King he died without all glory renowne â—n the fifteene yeere of his Empire Fredericke the first called Oenobarbus or â—ith the red beard vvas a Prince indued â—ith very good qualities of minde and boâ—ie he ouerthrew Millaine to the ground â—hased Pope Alexander out of Rome and â—laced Octauius in his seate but vvhen hee â—ooke his iourney into Syria in the passage â—uer a riuer he vvas drowned vvhen he had â—aigned thirty and seauen yeeres hee made â—he Prince of Bohemia king for his faithfulâ—esse to him at Millaine Henry the 6. the sonne of F. Barbarossa â—ubdued the realme of Apulia he tooke Naâ—les and spoyled it He made his sonne Frederick being a childe Emperour with him â—y consent of the Electors whose wardshyp â—e dying committed to his brother Philip he ruled 8. yeeres Philip the sonne of F. Barbarossa was chosen Emperour for young Frederick raigned tenne yeeres against whom Innocentius the third erected Otho a Saxon but Philip ouercame him and vvas murthered of Otho Prince of Brunsinia in his Chamber this vvas called Otho the fourth who vvas excomunicated by the Pope was murdered in the 4. yeere of his raigne Fredericke the second sonne of Henry the sixt succeeded him and raigned 27. yeeres and yet before hee dyed vvas depriued fiue yeeres of the Empire by Innocentius hee vvas a vertuous and learned Prince in his time the faction arose betweene the Guelphes and the Gibelines the one vvith the Emperour the other with the Pope Conradus the fourth the son of Frederick vvas ouercome by the Lantgraue who wheÌ„ he perceiued himselfe destituted of the Germaine Princes ayde went to his hereditarie kingdome of Naples and there dyed vvhen he had raigned 4. yeeres VVilliam Countie of Holland vvas chosen Emperor after him a Prince of noble and vertuous actions
their lifes he dyed a Martir 243. Fabian a Romaine as hee was returning home out of the field and with his Countrâ— men present to elect a new Byshop there was a Pidgeon seene standing on his head and sodainly he was created Pastour of the Church which he looked not for as Eusebius writeth hee suffered martirdome vnder Decius 150. Some write that he baptized Philippus the first Emperour and that hee was the first that acknowledged the Christian faith Cornelius a Romaine was Bishop in the time of Decius the seauenth persecutour of Rome vnder whom he was martyred hee condemned the heresie of Nouatius Lucius a Romaine driuen into Exile by Gallus Hostilianus the persecutors of Christianity was comforted of S. Cyprian by letters he after his death returned to Rome and was put to death by Valerianus commaundement 255. Stephen a Romaine borne succeeded him who in the raigne of Galienus after he had conuerted many of the Gentiles to the faith of Christ was beheaded 257. Sixtus the second a Grecian of a Philosoâ—her became a Disciple of Christ and with many thousands of Martyrs was slaine in the â—ersecution of Decius and Valerius 267. â— Lawrance loued this Bishop euen to the â—eath of the which the one was slaine with â—he sword the other broyled to death vpon â— Gridiron In his time anno 260 one Paule terrified with the persecution got him into the VVildernes and solitary places and so became the first Eremite for that time as Eusebius sayth many Christians for feare of death denied their faith vpon this Monks had theyr beginning as Hierome writeth in the life of this Paule the Eremite Dionysius a Grecian as appeareth by the Church of Antioche 273. did conuince of error Paulus Samosatenus notwithstanding he could not be there himselfe by reason of his age hee conuerted to Christianity the daughter of the Emperour Decius and Triphonia her mother with 46. thousand more and at the length was martyred with them and many other at Salarie gate 277. Felix a Romaine beeing a good man and of vpright conuersation preached the Gospell vvhen Aurelianus did persecute the church vnder whom he sufferd martirdom Eutichianus a Thuscane wholy giuen to godlines saued many by his preaching the Gospell he buried with his own hands 342. Martirs and appoynted afterward an order for burying of them he in the end was a martyr himselfe 283. Caius borne in Dalmatia neere in blood to Dioclesian the Emperor was a most worthy president in the church of God he made the difference of Clergy amongst theÌ„ by degrees so that froÌ„ one degree to another they should arise to the estate of a Bishop in time of the persecution he with his brother Gabinius hid themselues in a Caue from whence being taken they were both slaine with the sword Marcellinus a Romain being terrified with the persecutors tirany vnder Dâ—oclesian and MaximiniaÌ„ he offered vnto the Idols a grain of Frankensence but after this deede repenting reproued Dioclesian to his face offering himselfe willingly to death for the truth of Christ he preuailed receauing the crowne of martirdome 303. Marcellus a Romain endeuored to remoue Maximianus froÌ„ persecuting the Saints but his hart being hardned coÌ„manded him to be â—eaten with cudgels to be driueÌ„ out of the City wherupon he went to the house of Lucina a widow there he kept the congregation secretly which Maximilianus hearing made a stable for Cattle of the same house coÌ„mitted the keeping of it to Marcellus after this he gouerned the churches by his epistles being thus daily tormeÌ„ted with stink noisomnes he gaue vp the ghost 308. Eusebius a Grecian gouerned the Church in the great storme of persecution vnder Maxentius vntill he died by martirdome as Massaeus writeth 309. Melchiades for preaching the truth suffered death vnder Maximinianus Galerius the Emperour 314. Syluester the first for feare of the persecution of Maximinianus liued solitarily in the hill Soracte but it pleased god to lay his hand vpon the persecutor forcing him to reuoke his dedly decrees against the Christians who died a miserable death in his torments acknowledged Christ Iesus repenting his bloody persecuting the cause of this his wofull end Siluester returned to Rome was the first romain Bishop that escaped martirdom he died a confessor 234. He condemned the heresie of Arrius in the counsell of Nice Constantine for the loue and zeale that he beare to the Church with other Christian Princes did endue the Pastours therof with many large benefits riches and possessions who lyuing in wealth and ease began to aduance themselues in dignity aboue their former estate putting rich miters vppon theyr heads and taking vppon them the name of Archbishops At the first in the Church deuotion bred wealth but the daughter choaked the mother engendered the monster Ambition who also like the cursed Impe of the bastard her mother did at the ende deuoure her Grandmother Religion Marcus a Romaine commanded that the people and the Clergy should on Sondayes after the Gospell were reade sing the Nicean Creede he builded Churches and gaue many gifts vnto them and dyed a Confessour 335. Iulius the first a Romaine as Platina wryteth appoynted certaine notaries to write the actts of other men the which office is yet about the Pope he caused also Churchyards to be made died a Confessour 351. Liberius a Romaine as Hierome witnesseth for ambition became an Arrian forsooke the true faith and subscribed to Arrius â—rticles dyed a Confessour 366. Faelix the second a Romaine was preferred by the Arrians who deposed Liberius aduanced him because they hoped he agreed with them in opinion but in the second yere he was depriued of his seate and Liberius restored and in the yeare of our Lord 359. he with other spyrituall persons was slaine in a tumult Damasus a Spaniard allowed Hieromes translation of the Bible whose notary he had beene in his youth he writ the lifes deeds of the Byshops of Rome and dyed a Confessour 384. Siricius a Romaine was the first that admitted Monkes into orders for pretence of single life who before were neuer reckoned to be as Clarks he mingled the Antiphones with the Psalmes dyed a Confessor 399. Anastasius a Romayne appoynted that whilst the Gospell was reading the people should stand he dyed a Confessour 404. Innocentius borne in Albania would haue the Sea of Rome to be iudged of none and died a Confessour 416. Sozimus a Grecian suppressed the Nouatian heretiques in Rome and dyed a Confessour 420. Boniâ—acius a Romaine decreed that Saints euenings should be kept and dyed a confessour 426. Caelestinus borne in Campania sent Germanus into England Paladius into Scotland and Patricke with a certaine Segetian into Ireland to roote out the Pelagian heresie he dyed a confessour 435. Sixtus the third a Romain called the enricher of Churches appoynted a yearely feast day in honor of Peters chaines to be kept at midsommer dyed
all good qualities bee inprinted which impression the Platonists 〈◊〉 Idaeas being nothing els but inward conception of things CArneades Archimedes were accounâ—ted as dead men when they were alyue forasmuch as their mindes beeing distracteâ— through earnestnes of contemplation the naturall action of their bodies seemed to cease and giue ouer the one forgetfull to reach his hand to the dish being at meat the other not knowing vvhat the matter meant when the towne of Siracusa was taken wherin he liued Laertius Socrates vvas seene studying a whole day continuing the space of 24. howres in contemplation and discoursing in his minde which was vvhen hee drew out this conclusion out of his thoughts that there was bâ—t one onely God and that the soule was immortall Mison the Phylosopher liued altogether a contemplatiue and solitary life vvho vvhen one by chaunce met him laughing to hymselfe and demaunding the cause vvhy hee laughed hauing no company aunsvvered Euen therefore doe I laugh because I haue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 company with me Laertius Scipio was neuer lesse alone then when he â—ad no company and Tully when hee was â—hought to haue beene idle studied most Cicero Democritus plucked out his eyes because â—he pleasures of this world should not draw â—im from contemplation S. Bernard a most excellent man for learâ—ing and holines gotte all his knowledge wherein hee excelled all other of his time 〈◊〉 the woods fields not by the instruction â—f man but by contemplation prayer Saint Augustine wryteth of himselfe that 〈◊〉 this sort hee vnderstoode Aristotles prediâ—aments which are accounted amongst the â—ardest things and also the liberall Sciences â—nd no man taught him The Hare the Pellican and the Swan liue â—olitarily the last is merry at her death in â—ope to see shortly her beloued Apollo Plato Hiero the tyrant of Syracusa gaue ouer his â—ingdom liued a solitary life Craesus after the death of his son Adrastus â—â—ued in contemplation Herod Ierome Petrus Diamanus Caelestinus â—orsaking the world betooke them to solitaâ—â—nes of life Timon of Athence was so giuen to solitarâ—â—nes and melancholly that he hated the 〈◊〉 of all men and therefore was called Mâ—â—santhropos he vsed and employed all his 〈◊〉 to perswade his Countrimen to shorten the lifes hauing set vp Iibbets in a field which hâ— bought for them that were disposed to hanâ— themselues Plut. Anthony dispairing of his fortunes builde him an house in the Sea at the Lanteme and ramped it about seperating himself from the company of men protesting to follow Timon calling his house Timonion or Timons Tabernacle Appian Tresilaus ouercome with a melancholly passion perswaded himselfe to be the righâ— honour of all the great Nauy that ariued aâ— the port Pyreus of which humour when he by Phisitions was throughly purged hee cursed them saying That they had robbed 〈◊〉 of his pleasure and wealth The Emperour Lotharius pricked in conscience for his euill committed agaynst 〈◊〉 Father Lodouicus Pius resigned his Empire and spent the remainder of his life intâ— monastry Appian wryteth of a solitary way by the people Sapaei which for the solitarines the very birds could not discouer by which Bruâ—us being distressed and afrayde was guided by Roscopolis who perswaded him to goe that way Appianus Of Agriculture Agriculture or husbandry tooke beginning 〈◊〉 our forefather Adams fall and since in euery succeeding Age hath beene highlie esteemed whose companion is Labour the true handmayd of vertue The vpholders of this Art as the Poets write were the last that waxed wicked and Iustice forsaking the earth left her last foot-steps amongst husbandmen THis was so honored in old time that euen the Romaine Emperours and mightie Kings and Potentates haue not beene ashamed to exercise it Dioclesian left his Empire at Salona and Attalus likewise to labour in this Art Cyrus set planted and grafted trees with his owne hands checker wise So did Seneca Planetrees From the honour of the earth and husbandry the noble sirnames of Fabij Lentuli Cicerones Pisones haue beene denominate Cor. Ag. From the breeding and feeding of Cattell the Iunij Bubuli Tauri Statilij Pomponij Vituli Vitellij Porcij Catones Annij tooke their better names Romulus and Remus Romes first founders were sheepeheards Apollo Mercury Pan Abell Abraham Iacob Moyses Dauid were sheepheards The Gardens of Adonis Alcinous Tantalus Hesperides were subiects for the finest Poets Semyramis had goodly flowers hanging in the ayre and Massinissa strange and famous garnished Gardens to the wonder of Affricke Tarquinius in the time of that first olde Rome walked pleasantly in his Garden and cropping the tops of Poppy Liuius Lucullus after his victories obtayned in Asia tooke his recreation in Gardens Sylla forsaking his Dictatorship spent the remainder of his life in gardening VVhen the Romaines would commend any man they vsed to call him a good man a good husband insomuch as the Senatorâ— themselues liued in the Country at occasions were by Purseuants called to the citty Quintius Cincinatus and others were called from the plough to be Dictators King Agis one day requested the Oracle of Apollo to tell him who was the happiest man in the world who aunswered One Aglaion be knowne of the Gods and vnknowne of men and making search for him throughout all Greece found at length that it was a pore gardener in Arcadia who 60. yeares olde neuer went from home keeping himselfe with his onely labour in his Garden Liuius M. Cato Censorius was as ready and apt to learning as to warres to matters concerning the field as the Citty and also to the exercise of husbandry Hee was the most excellent husbandman of his time and was the first amongst the Romians that gathered the precepts of husbandry and brought them into the forme of â—n Art Petrarch Quintius Cincinnatus while hee was eaâ—ing his foure Acres of land by decree of the Senate people of Rome was chosen Dicâ—ator Florus Abdolominus at the commaundement or rather permission of Alexander from a â—oore Gardener was aduaunced vnto the kingdome Sidon and by contemning the kingdom was reputed greater then the kingdome C. Marius was an hireling ploughman and spent the first yeares of his lyfe in the fields but afterwards was seauen times Consull oâ— Rome The plesure that Lucanus had in this world was nothing else but a little Garden when he died he coÌ„maunded his graue to be made in it where he was buried Of Pouerty This burden whether it come by birth or some sinister chaunce is or ought to bee a meanes to bring man to a ready knowledge of himselfe anâ— by this to a more neere knowledge of God who sometime sendeth it as a tryall other-while as â— punishment to the godly first the burden is light to the repining punished intollerable who loose the benefit thereof by their impatience and murmuring ARistides sirnamed the iust beeing very poore was chosen to leauie and gather the trybute before all the rich men in Athence VVhilst
subdued all Greece but beeing ouercome by Tamberlaine hee dyed without renowne Callepin his sonne succeeded hee ouercame the Emperour Sigismund and beginning to spoyle the borders of Constantinople dyed in the flower of his age raigning but sixe yeeres Mahomet after him subdued the greatest part of Slauonia and Macedonia and came as farre as the Ionian sea hee remooued hys seate out of Bythinia to Adrianopolis where he dyed Amurath the second succeeded him vvho wonne Epirus Aetolia Achaia Beolia Attica and Thessalonica Mahomet the second destroyed Athence wonne Constantinople Anno 1452. he brought vnder his subiection the Empire TrapezuntiuÌ„ Corinth the Ilands of Lemnos Euboiae Mitilene and Capha a Cittie of the Genowaies he raigned 32. yeeres Baiazeth the second tooke from the Venetians Naupactus Methonia and Dirohaim he spoyled all Dalmatia and in the end vvas poysoned Zelimus his sonne wonne Archair slew the Sultan of Egypt he brought Alexandria Damascus and all Egypt vnder his Empyre Solyman his onely sonne conquered Belgrad tooke Buda the Kings Citty in Hungaria spoyled Strigonium and all Hungaria To him the Ile of Rhods was yeelded he ouerthrew the fiue Churches when the Cittie Iula was taken he besieged Zigethum was slaine in the assault This Citty his sonne Zelimus spoyled in the yeere 1566. vnder 12. Emperors they subdued vnto themselues by Turkish tyrannie in two hundred threescore yeeres a great the Persians obserue at this day after this the Sarazens possessed Affrica went forward into Asia where they flourished 200. yeares Of the Bishops Archbishops Patriarchs and Popes of Rome THE yeare of Peters comming to Rome the time of his residency in the Sea and his death there hath beene so vncertainly reported by Platina Orosius Fasciculus temporum Eusebius Vspergensis Sabellicus and Nauclerus for the first by S. Hierome Beda Fasciculus temporum Vspergensis and Platina for the second by Nicephorus Dionysius Hierome Isodorus Eusebius and Abdiâ—s for the third that diuers godly learned men haue beene induced to think and some constantly to write as Vlricus Velenus and Thomas Balaeus with one other that Peter was neuer at Rome howbeit many wise reâ—erend truly lerned fathers of our church are of opinion that he was at Rome but no Bishop thereof martired vnder Claudius Nero. Linus a Thuscane born reported to be the successour of Peter was a man of pure and godly lyfe who for preaching the Gospell suffered martyrdome vnder Saturninus the Consull in the raigne of Vespasian Emperor of Rome Anacletus the first borne at Athence waâ— of an excellent and feruent spirit and of greaâ— learning he planted the Church of God wiâ—â— daily labour in whose defence and beleefe hâ— was put to death by Domitian which he constantly indured Clement the first a Romaine for his preaching and good deeds was a long time banished by the Emperor to hew Marble stones and in the end was cast into the Sea with an Anchour about his necke Euaristus the first a Grecian borne in the time of persecution ceased not to increase the Church by his diligent preaching till he was martired vnder Traian An. Dom. 100. Alexander the first a Romaine painefully trauailed both to preach and baptize he suffered great torments till he died vnder Aurelianus president to the Emperour Anno Domini 121. Sixtus the first a Romaine diligently preached the Gospell with many good works and godly deeds beautified the Church he was vigilant and carefull for his flocke and died for it Anno 129. Telesphorus the first a Grecian vvas a worthy man for learning and godly life he bare witnes of Christ most faithfully conâ—tantly both by his words and death vnder the Emperour Antoninus An. 140. Higinus the first an Athenian of a Christian Philosopher was made a Bishop who discharging the duty of a good Pastor was put to death anno 144. Hee wrote in a Caue where he did hide himselfe in time of persecution an Epistle touching God and the incarnation of the sonne of God Pius borne in Aquilia did many godly deeds in the Church vnder Antonius Veâ—us and in the end watered the Church of Christ with his blood in martirdome 159. Anicetus a Syrian a faithfull and diligent Pastor of the Church of Rome was martyred anno 169. Sother borne in Campania like a valiant Souldiour of Iesus Christ serued vnder his spirituall banner in the time of the Emperour Commodus he confirmed the doctrine which hee had preached vvith his blood in martirdome 177. Eleutherius a Grecian notwithstanding the stormes of persecution were somewhat calmed in his time because many of the Romaine nobility beleeued on Christ yet hee was beheaded 191. in his time also manâ— godly vvriters writ learned bookes agaynâ—â— diuers heresies and heretiques which infected the Church Victor borne in Affrica was the first thaâ— when the storme of persecution was calmed vsurped authority vpon strangers In the former Bishops sayth Vincentius the spyriâ—â— abounded but in these that follow the temptation of flesh and blood preuailed He exempted his brethren of Asia from the Communion because in keeping Easter day they followed not the vse of the church of Rome for which Policrates Iraeneus Bishops of Ephesus Lyons reproued him as then the church was rent in twaine by his obstinacy he died 203 Zepherinus a Romaine borne was a man more addicted to the seruice of God then to the care of any worldly affairs where before the vvine in celebrating the Communion was ministred in a cup of wood he first did alter that and in sted thereof brought in Cups or Chalices of glasse in his time were the Artemonites a sect of vaine Philosophicall Diuines who as our late Schoolmen did corrupt the Scripturs with Plato Aristotle and Theophrastus turning all into curious and subtile questions Origen taught the holy Scripture at Alexâ—ndria in Zepherinus time but his bookes â—ere refused because he brought in vnprofiâ—able disputations and allegories Calixtus the first borne at Rauenna when â—ersecution began to waxe hote againe was â—pprehended by the commaundement of Aâ—â—xander Seuerus and after that he was beaâ—en with cudgels and imprisoned his body â—as cast out of a window and drowned in a â—eepe pit 226. Vrbanus the first a Romaine in the time of Heliogabalus with his sincerity of life exâ—ellency in learning drew many on all sides â—o the Gospell he was often times banished â—he Citty for the Christian fayth but being â—ecretly brought in againe by the faithful he â—as martired by Seuerus 233. Pontianus a Romaine in the afore-sayde Emperours raigne when the people ranne â—n multitudes to heare him preach the word â—y the Princes commaundement being set â—n by the idolatrous Priests he was caried â—rom Rome to the Ile Sardinia where hee â—as put to death 239. Antherosa Grecian preached constantly stoutly vnder the tirany of Maximius the Emperour he first ordained that all the acts of Martyrs should be recorded least the remembrance of them should be lost with
flying foules Mulcasses king of Thunis after he was deâ—riued of his kingdome in his returne out of Almaigne being without hope that the Emperour Charles the fift vvould helpe him at â—ll hee spent one hundred crownes vpon a Peacock dressed for him P. Iouius Maximilian the Emperour deuoured in one day forty pounds of flesh and drunke an â—ogshead of vvine Geta the Emperour for three dayes together continued his feastiual and his delicates vvere brought in by the order of the Alphabet Astydamas beeing inuited by Ariobarzaâ—es to a banquet eate vp al that alone which vvas prouided for diuers guests Vopisc There vvas a contention betweene Hercules and Lepreas vvhich of them both should first deuoure an Oxe in which attempt Lepreas vvas ouer-come afterwards hee chalenged him for drinking but Hercules vvas his maister Aelianus Aglais vvhose practise was to sounde the trumpet deuoured at euery meale tvvelue poundes of flesh with as much bread as tvvo bushels of wheate vvould make and three gallons of vvine Philoxenes a notorious glutton vvished he had a necke like a Crane that the svveetâ— meate vvhich he eate might bee long in going downe Rauisius Lucullus at a solemne and costly feast he made to certaine Embassadors of Asia aâ—mong other things he did eate a Griph boiâ—led and a Goose in paste Macrob. Salust in his inuectiue against Cicero aâ—mongst many graue matters vvhereof he accused him he spake of his wanton excesse as hauing poudred meats from Sardinia anâ— wines from Spayne Lucullus tooke great paynes himselfe iâ— furnishing of a feast and when he was askeâ— vvhy he was so curious in setting out a banâ—quet hee aunswered That there was as greaâ— discretion to be vsed in marshalling of a feast 〈◊〉 in the ordering of a battaile that the one mighâ— be terrible to his enemies and the other acceptable to his friends Plut. In Rhodes they that loue fish are accounted right curteous and free-harted men buâ— he that delighteth more in flesh is ill though of and to his great shame is reputed a bond slaue to his belly Aelianus Sergius Galba was a deuouring and glutâ—tonous Emperour for he caused at one banquet 7. thousand byrds to be killed Suet. Xerxes hauing tasted of the figges of Aâ—hence sware by his Gods that hee vvoulde â—ate no other all his life after and went forthâ—vith to prepare an Army to conquer Greâ—ia for no other cause but to fill his belly full of the figges of that Country Plut. Plato returning out of Sicill into Greece told his schollers that he had seen a monster meaning Dionisius because hee vsed to eate â—wice a day Idem Aristotle mocking the Epicures sayd that â—pon a time they vvent all into a temple together beseeching the Gods that they wold gyue them necks as long as Cranes and Heâ—ons that the pleasures and tastes of meates might be more long complayning against Nature for making their necks too short The Sicilians dedicated a Temple to Glutâ—ony and erected images to Bacchus Ceâ—es the God and goddesse of vvine corne Pausanias M. Manlius in times past made a booke of diuers vvayes hovv to dresse meate and another of the tastes sauces and diuers meanes of seruices vvhich were no sooner published but by the decree of the Senate they were burned and if hee had not fled speedily â—nto Asia he had been burned with them There was a lawe in Rome called Fabia bâ— which it was prohibited that no man shoulâ— dispend in the greatest feast hee made abouâ— an hundred Sexterces Aul. Gellius The law Licinia forbad all kindes of sauce at feastes because they prouoke appetite are cause of great expence Idem The lawe Ancia charged the Romaines tâ— learne all kinde of sciences but cookerie The law Iulia vvas that none should bee 〈◊〉 hardie as to shutte theyr gates vvhen theâ— vvere at dinner that the Censors of the Citâ—tie might haue easie accesse into theyr houâ—ses at that time to see if their ordinary werâ— according to their ability Macrob. Nisaeus a tyrant of Syracuse vvhen he vnderstood by his Soothsayers that he had noâ— long to liue the little time hee had left heâ— spent in belly-cheere and drunkennesse anâ— so dyed Rauisius Mar. Anthonius set foorth a booke of hyâ— drunkennesse in which hee prooued thosâ— prancks he played when hee vvas ouercomâ— with vvine to be good and lawfull Plut. Darius had written vpon his graue thys inâ—scription I could drinke good store of wine beare it well Rauisius Ptolomey vvho in mockery vvas calleâ— Philopater because hee put to death his Father and mother through wine and women dyed like a beast Valer. Lacydes a Phylosopher by too much drinking fell into a palsie whereof he dyed Aruntius a Romaine beeing drunken deflowred his own daughter Medullina whom she forthwith killed Plutarch Tiberius Caesar vvas preferred to a Pretorshyp because of his excellencie in drinking Diotimus was sirnamed Funnell or Tunnell because he gulped downe wine through the channell of his throate vvhich was powred into a Funnell the end whereof was put into his mouth vvithout interspiration betweene gulpes Rauisius In the feast of Bacchus a crowne of golde vvas appoynted for him that coulde drinke more then the rest Agron the King of Illyrium fell into a sicknesse of the sides called the Plurisie by reason of his excessiue drinking and at last died thereof Cleio a vvoman was so practised in drinking that shee durst challenge all men and vvomen what soeuer to try maisteries who could drinke most and ouercome all Cleomenes king of Lacedemonia beeing disposed to carouse after the manner of the Scythians dranke so much that hee became and continued euer after sencelesse Cyrillus sonne in his drunkennes wickedly slevv that holy man his father his mother great with child he hurt his two sisters and deflowred one of them August Androcides a Gentleman of Greece hearing of Alexanders excesse in drunkennesse vvrote a letter to him wherein was a Tablet of gold with these words thereon ingrauen Remember Alexander when thou drinkest wine that thou doost drinke the blood of the earth Those of Gallia Transalpina vnderstanding that the Italians had planted Vines in Italy came to conquer theyr Countrey so that if they had neuer planted Vines the French-men had not destroyed the Countrey Liuius Foure old Lombards being at banquet together the one dranke an health rounde to the others yeeres in the end they challenged two to two and after each man had declared how many yeeres old he was the one dranke as many times as he had yeeres and likewise his companion pledged him the one vvas 58. the second 63. the third 87. the last 92. so that a man knoweth not vvhat they did eate or drinke but he that dranke least dranke 58. cups of vvine P. Diaconus Of thys euill custome came the lawe that the Gothes made that is VVee ordaine and commaund vppon paine of death that no olde men vpon payne of death shoulde drinke to one anothers health at the