hand An unprepared condition is wofull 2. How wofull is the unpardoned condition men go on in sin and make a work of it but speak slightly of it but the truth is 1. Sin makes God our enemy therefote it is called enmity in Sin makes God our enemy Ephe. 2. and a provocation because it stirs up the wrath of God against us which wrath if it should seize on thy soul Ah miserable man then thou canst neither suffer it nor decline it Jesus Christ standing in our stead felt some of it and it made him sweat drops of blood and to cry out My God my God why hast thou forsaken me How then shall a poor weak guilty sinner stand under the fierceness of his indignation 2. Sin unpardoned makes conscience our enemy As long as the Lord Conscience our enemy hath a quarrel with us for sin conscience may not speak any peace unto us Now the Lord be mercifull unto us if the Lord should awaken thy conscience and set thy sins in order who knows what would become of thee Knowest thou the power of conscience when it is opened to behold a God angry and sin unpardoned Read the vigor of it in Cain and the terror of it in Judas how it crached their spirits and brought the one to the utmost desperation and the other to the grave and hell in despite of all former advantages 3. And who can tell how soon he may die Go and listen Who can tell how soon he may die sometimes at a dying bed the person quakes and the bed trembles and the heart sighs what is it that the man speaks so to himself Ah Lord saith he I would not die and then tears trickle down his cheeks and his heart is ready to flie in pieces But why wouldst thou not die O no my sins are many I now see them and feel the bitter wrath of God for them Oh! my sins they are not pardonable and who can dwell with everlasting burnings or stand before the holy and just God 3. What unspeakable comfort is it to have our sins forgiven It is unspeakable comfort to have sin pardoned Son said Christ Mat. 9. 4. Be of good comfort thy sins are forgiven thee When the Israelites got through the red sea and looked back and saw their enemies all drowned what reviving was this if the drowning of corporal enemies be such a cause of joy who could but kill our bodies what cause of exultation for the drowning of spiritual enemies of sins in the depths of mercy which else would have destroyed oursouls How shall I express the comfort of it David saith all in one word The man is blessed whose iniquities are forgiven Now blessedness is the center of all joy and comfort Tell me brethren what think you 1. Of freedom from hell that you shall never see the place of the damned Is that a matter of comfort why If sin be pardoned hell is discharged There is no condemnation if Remission 2. Of Gods loving kindness David said it was life nay better then life Oh what is this God is reconciled unto me in Christ he looks on me not as a Judge but as a fathet with ardent affections and compassions why if sin be pardoned God is reconciled enmity slain all differences twixt you and God are taken off 3. Of the blood of Christ Is it worth the having or of interest in Christ it is worth the enjoying why if pardoned then doubtless united to Christ and how many and great are the benefits that result and follow upon union 4 Of Peace of conscience It is a mercy that Conscience can and may speak peace chear us up assure us stand for us against men and devils Why when sin is pardoned conscience may not accuse it hath nothing to do but direct us in good ways and to comfort us with the testimonies of our pardon and Reconciliation with God 5. Of all outward mercies Oh! what a life doth a pardoned sinner live If he looks up to heaven all is peace if he looks down to earth all is comfort he hath lands and sins pardoned too wife children honours friends yea and his sins are pardoned too 6. Lastly What think you of confidence in death When you are leaving the earth then to be assured your next journey is to heaven After grace to find glory would you ever be willing to die be confident in death live in death live after death O then get your sins whatsoevet they are to be pardoned 11. The Means if you ask what may we do to get our sins The means forgiven I shall answer briefly 1. Find out your sins and know them and that is done by the study of the Law which gives us the knowledge of sin 2. Beg of God for a contrite heart so as to be sensible of sin and weary of it and broken for it The weeping woman was forgiven Luke 7. 44 47. 3. And also for a penitential heart Repent saith Peter that your sins may be blotted out Act. 3. 19. See Isa 55. 7. 4. And for a Believing heart in the Lord Jesus In whose blood and for whose sake we obtain Remission of our sins 2 Cor. 5. 20. God was in Christ reconciling the world not imputing our sins 5. And for a forgiving heart see Mat. 6. 14 15. 6. Make it a daily and vehement petition for Repentance and forgiveness as did David Psalm 51. and sue all out in the name of Christ Object But these things are hard and laborious Sol. But they are for mercy O Mercy I perish without thee and therefore I will not live without thee sleep without thee die withou thee I will pray for mercy I will go to Christ for mercy and shall it seem so grievous to me to leave a sin which will damn me to get mercy which will save me II. The Tribunal of Justice erected in these words But the Blasphemy against the holy Ghost shall not be forgiven These words are the saddest expressions of purest Justice that ever were uttered Oh what is the height what the depth of this for a sinner to rise to such a peculiar degree and form of sinning as for ever to distinguish himself from all hope of mercy never never never to he pardoned In this there are two things to be inquired into 1. What this Blasphemy against the holy Ghost is What this sin is 2. The irremissibleness of this Blasphemy Touching the first of these there are several opinions and no marvel for to find the right nature of this sin is a work not of the least difficulty In Scripturis sanctis nulla major questio nulla difficilior invenitur saith Austin 1. The Novations thought every sin after Baptism especially Quid est quod Novato succenseamus tollenti poeâ—itentiam dicentique nullam eos veniam obtinere qui post lavacrum peccant Athan. Tom. 1. in hoc subject p. 776. denial of Christ in time of perfection
so much as the mercies of heaven Nothing in the world will prevail upon a sinner if mercy doth not 4. If mercy doth not prevail a mans Damnation befalls him without all Apology Ah what a sad appearing will it be for us when we must die and stand before God and the Lord shall in that day object to us before men and Angels This is the person unto whom I freely offered the pardon of all the sins that ever he committed and offered him in the word of God that if he would leave his sins I would forgive them but he preferred his sins before my mercy For lying vanities he forsook his mercies And thy own conscience shall then testifie that thus it was I had mercy offered again and again and yet I would continue in my sins Judge what blackness of darkness and degrees of eternal confusion thou shall contract when so great a door of mercy is opened but for a lust sake thou wilt not enter in thou wilt not accept of it 2. Then no sinner hath cause sufficient to despair I know full well that before God makes us sensible of sin we are apt to No sinner hath cause sufficient to despair presume but being once made sensible we are very apt to despair It is the great art of the devil either to make us die in a senceless calm or else to perish in an unquiet storm either to make us undervalew our sins and so to slay us with security or else to undervalew mercy and so to sink us with despair Oh saith the awakened conscience my sins are so many and so great I have continued long in them gone on in them after knowledge after the invitations of mercy after the strokes of afflictions after many a secret check and bitter words from my conscience now there remains no hope no no others whose sins are fewer in number lightet in weight not edged and raised by such circumstances they may hope but I can have no confidence mercy will never look upon such a one as I am Nay but readest thou not the Text and they are the words of a Saviour That all manner of sin may find forgiveness though there because enough to despair of thy own strength yet there is no cause to despair of Gods mercy Two things only remember here 1. Despair is no remedy to any sinner It may bind on his sins the faster but never heals the soul nor easeth the conscience nor pleaseth God 2. Whatsoever thy sins have been if at length thou canst find an heart to repent God can find mercy to pardon I affirm it no sinner ever perished because God wanted skill to help but because he wanted a heart to make use of his help To perswade men to make out for pardon 3. But the main use I would make of this point is To perswade men to make out for this pardon you see here the extent of Mercy the possibility of pardon Why do you look one upon another said Jacob to his sons Behold I have heard there is corn in Egypt get you down thither that we may live and not die Why stand you amazed and backward you that are so full of spiritual wants why come you not to mercy that you may live and not die here is a store-house of mercy Behold said the servants of Benhadab We have heard that the King of Israel is a mercifull King let us go to him peradventure he will save thy life 1 King 20. 31. We hear that the King of heaven is mercifull and yet we address not our selves unto him we hear that there is Balm in Gilead yet we sue not to be healed we hear that the Arms of Christare yet open and we run not to be embraced Ah! our folly and madness that being so greatly diseased we fly our Physick that being so in deep rebellions we lay not down our weapons and submit not upon the tender of the freest pardon As I live saith the Lord I delight not in the death of a sinner Why will you die O house of Israel Why do we by lying vanities forsake our Mercies how my soul bleeds at the wretched hardness of our hearts God is mercifull and we are sinfull yea we are the more bold in sin because God is the more abundant in mercy Continue in sin because Grace doth abound Rom. 6. 1. Thus do we abuse the grace God to wantonness and bane our souls by the sweet Remedy of sin There is mercy with thee that thou mayest be feared said David and he who confesseth and forsaketh his sins shall have mercy saith Solomon and knowest thou not that the mercies of God should lead thee to Repentance saith Paul consider 1. The presence of Mercy saves not but the acceptance the offer of a pardon delivers not the Malefactor but the receiving of it only the embracing makes us happy mercy proves not mercy but by acceptance the contempt of it strangly alters it into Justice 2. The despising of mercy leaves without all excuse what hast thou to urge against God who could not urge and fasten his mercy on thy soul yes thou wouldst have a licence but not a pardon I know thou warmest thy soul with the sound of mercy not to abate but to encourage thy sinfull appetite Why dost thou not break thy arm because there is a skilfull Chirurgion or fall into the strongest diseases because there is a skilfull Physitian 3. Continuance in sin and efficacy of Mercy are inconsistent thou through thy impenitent heart in stead of mercy treasurest up unto thy self wrath against the day of wrath Rom. 2. 5. Now that which I would perswade you too is to be wise for Get your sins to be forgiven your souls and to get your sins to be forgiven and pardoned If a company of sick men did hear of an able Physitian that could and would heal them who would not be carried to him or what Malefactor is there so out-ragiously mad but that would make out to the King if he were assured that the King would pardon him Two things only I will propound Motives and Means 1. The Motives to stir us up to get our sins forgiven are these Motives 1. We are in such a case that we need pardon yea that pardon We need paâ—don should be multiplied unto us Indeed were we not sinners then we should need no forgiveness or could we of our selves make or exact satisfaction to divine Justice then might we stand off from mercy but alas we are sinners by nature and by life all our dayes are days of sin the hairs are not more on our heads then the number of our sins are on our consciences they are so many that who can tell how often he offendeth therefore we need mercy to forgive yea and we are without strength we can find strength to sin but who can discharge for those sins the price and ransom could never yet be found in any sinners
endeavoured to be rectified squared beautified and ordered that the great and holy God may take delight and proclaime his gracious testimony of the same hear that of the Apostle 2 Cor. 10. 18. Not he that commendeth himself is approved but whom the Lord commendeth in the former respect is that phrase of Paul Rom. 16. 18. approved of men in the latter respect is that phrase of Paul Rom. 16. 10. approved in Christ and of Peter Acts 2. 22. A man approved of God Now verily no man can sincerely desire to approve himself unto God i. to put himself over unto Gods sentence of tryal and decision so that he might find an acceptance from his eyes but he doth indeed desire to be cleansed from secret sinnes why because Gods sentence is righteous and according to truth he doth not weigh so much the actions as the spirits of men not so much the outward expressions as the inward dispositions not so much what they do as what they would do not so much that they do not as this that they would do no iniquity I remember that David is upon this very straine in Psal 139. 23. Search me O Lord and know my heart and know my thoughts v. 24. And so if there be any wicked way in me Here he puts himself intirely upon God to try him to search him to see whether his heart be such as he should like and approve Paul is in the same straine 1 Cor. 4. 3. with me it is a very small thing that I should be judged of you i. whether you approve of me or not accept of me or condemn me I tell you this is not the main thing that I look on v. 4. But he that judgeth me is the Lord i. there is another Judge a greater Judge a better Judge one who can canvase the secret and inward parts as well as eye the meere visible acts and motions to him do I look to him do I desire to approve my self 3. Observe where doest thou lay the sharpest edge of the axe Where dost thou lay the sharpest edge of the Axe the axe said Matthew in another case is now laid to the root of the tree sinne is like a tree it hath root and branches that which we see of the tree is the bulk and branches that which is the life of the tree we see not it is the root which is moored in the bowels of the earth Now as a man may deal with a tree so he may deal with his sinnes the axe may be employed only to lop off the branches which yet all live in the root and he may apply his axe to the very root to the cutting of it up and so he brings an universal death to the tree So it is possible for a man to bestow all his pains to lop off sinne onely in the visible branches in the outward limbes of it and it is also possible for a man to be crucifying the secret lust the very corrupt nature and root of sinfulness Now this I say he who bestows his study his prayers his tears his cares his watchings his strength to mortifie corruption in the root in the nature in the cause how unquestionable is it that he doth desire to be cleansed from secret sins Suppose a man hath an ulcerous part undiscovered in his breast if he applieth such physick which will carry away the spring of that ulcer it is a palpable signe he doth desire to be cleared from the secret ulcer it self so it is in this case Beloved we distinguish 'twixt these two things viz. 1. The restraining of sin 2. The weakening of sin A man whose sinnes may crawle in him like the worms in a dead body which may feed upon his most exquisite contemplations and dearest affections with fullest and sweetest contentment may yet curb and restraine the habits or sinfull propensions from breaking out into act The vigor of a natural and enlightned conscience and the ingenuity of a more nobly bred disposition and the force of particular aimes and ends may be able to rein up and bridle in thee Actus imperatos as the School-men speak the notable or visible deliveries or actings of sin But that which weakens sin is grace that which purgeth out the sin is alwayes contrary to it Again we observe a difference 'twixt these two viz. to have sinne and the heart asunder and to have sinne and the shame or the bitternesse asunder this latter a Pharaoh an Ahab may desire but the former only that man who is truly holy and would be cleansed from secret sins 4. And this now leads me to a fourth discovery of a person Doest thou strongly desire io have another nature who desires to be cleansed from secret sins viz. he who strongly desires to have another nature another heart Another nature or heart is a heart replenished with most holy qualities which stand in a present opposition to that of sin and which in time will get the victory over it Suppose a man be apt to much unbelief secret mistrusts and distrusts how know I that he would be cleansed from them not only by this that he complaines but also that he is day and night with God for the grace of faith and the strength of his Spirit to believe And indeed it is the contrary grace which doth cleanse from sinne secret grace which cleanseth from secret sinnes forasmuch as the inward clensing is not by outward medicines but by a compleated principle both in nature and operation striving against the nature and operations of sin as the Apostle eligantly shadows it in Gal. 5. Psal 51. Create in me a new heart said David the new heart is a new frame and temper to fil the soul with other inclinations and thoughts and the life with other wayes and actions SECT VI. Use 3 I Now proceed to a third Use which shall be for Comfort For comfort to such as have such desires to such persons whose desires are really carried to be cleansed from secret sins as well as publick and visible they may comfort themselves in many things For 1. That their praise is of God and he doth commend them Their praise is of God see the Apostle Rom. 2. 28. He is not a Jew which is one outwardly neither is that circumcision which is outward in the flesh verse 29. But he is a Jew which is one inwardly and circumcision is that of the heart in the spirit not in the letter whose praise is not of men but of God Now what a comfort is this that thou art a person whom the Lord will take notice of yea whom the Lord himself will praise and commend to say of thee as of David I have found a man after mine own heart and and that thy heart is perfect with the Lord. 2. That conscience in a day of distresse will acquit and clear Conscience will acquit them in a day of distress them Beloved there are two sorts
to break the covenant of her youth and God for a person who is married this very relation trebles the guilt for any one to murder is a sin of death but for the Childe to murder the parent secretly this very relation increases the guilt 3. The more profession a man makes the worse are his secret The more profession a man makes the worse are his secret sins sinnings forasmuch as he carrieth not only a badge but also a judge on his shouldeâ—s he not only weares a profession which is contrary to his practise but which shall condemne and judge him that he is not what he would seeme to be yea his contrary practise doth ground and occasion the great reproaches and blemishes like dirt to be cast upon the face of Religion and wo to him by whom offences come 4. The more light a man hath meeting him in the darke and secret actings of sin the more abominable is the sin when not only The more light a man hath â—he more abominable the sin a discovering light but a checking light not only a checking but a threatning not onely a threatning but also a troubling light opposeth and chargeth from the conscience against the sinning this makes it the more out of measure sinfull The more against the light of nature the worse they are 5. The more repugnant secret sins are to the light of nature the worse are they in their actings A sin is very broad when the light of nature without any ayd of knowledg from the scripture shall make the heart to tremble at the commission and to be terribly amazed the Apostle toucheth at these kindes of secret sinnings Rom. 1. unnaturall lustings and burnings 6. The more art a man doth use to effect his secret sinnings the The more art a man useth in secret sins the worse they are worse they are forasmuch as a about the same sin it is ever woâ—se when it is breathed out by deliberation then when it is forced out by a meer temptation and sin is not to be reputed an infirmity or weakness when art or cunning is the cause of it for as much as art is sober and takes time to contrive and reason to place and displace to help and forward its acts or intentions The more frequent a man is in them the worse they are all which are contrary to surprisals and infirmities 7. The more frequent a man is in secret sinnings the deeper is his guilt when he can drive a trade of sâ—n within doors when it is not a slip but a course and he hath hâ—â—dly scraped out the bitternesse of the former but he is exercising the sin new and afresh againe 8. The more gripes of conscience and resolutions a man hath felt To wallow in them against conscience and resolutions makes them worse and taken against secret sinnings and yet wallowes in them the more staine and guilt lies upon his soule A wound to a sick man is worse then to an healthy man forasmuch as the spirits are already wounded by sickness no sinnings wound deeper then such as follow the woundings of conscience a sinner doth thrust the sword in againe to the same hurt Thirdly the means But you will say this is fearfull to sin thus what Meanes The meanes to be cleansed of secret sins may be used to get off and to keep off the soule from secret sins The rules of direction which as soe many means I would commend unto you are these 1. If thou hast been guilty of secret sinnes be humbled and repent A man shall hardly stave off a new sin who hath not been humbled for an old sin of the same kinde for as much as future care Be humbled for them seldome manifests it selfe without former sorrow hast thou been a secret Adulterer fornicator thief backbiter oppressor liar drunkard c. O hasten hasten in by speedy sorrow by speedy repentance bewaile if it be possible with teares of blood thy secret wickednesse if thou doest not judge thy selfe God will surely judge thee and thinke not that because thy sinnings were secret therefore thy compunctions must be small nay thou oughtest to abound the rather and the more in floods of tears and of bitter contrition who didest dare to provoke God so c. 2. Take heed of secret occasions and provocations why is it that Take heed of secret occasions and provocations thou sayest O this nature O this heart O that Satan Thou hast I confesse shed many teares thou hast felt many sorrows and troubles thou hast made many vowes and resolutions thou hast put up many prayers and petitions and yet thou art in thy secret sinnings why what should be the reason do prayers do nothing against sin yea do tears nothing do troubles nothing do vows nothing yes all of those may do something if something else be added if the leake be stopped if the windows be shut if the doores be locked I meane If occasions and provocations be conscionably and carefully avoyded otherwise they are nothing if thou prayest and then adventures thy strength upon the occasion of thy secret sinning what dost thou but seek God first and next rise up and tempt him Keep close to heaven and keep off from the occasions and then tell me whether God will not keep thee from thy sinnings 3. Crush the temptations which come from the roots Though thou doest decline occasions yet thou canst not decline thy Crush the temptations from the roots self And there is that in a mans self which can fetch in the occasion by representation by inclination by contemplation sometimes another provokes thee to sin and this is in society somtimes thine own heart provokes thee to sin and this is when thou art solitary Now the thoughts steal out now imaginations present and confer with the minde with the will with affections wouldst thou now free thy self from secret actings then free thy self from secret thinkings The picture in the glass may inflame as much as that in the natural face so sin in the representation of the minde may fire our corrupt hearts as well as the entisings of it by conversing occasions Psalme 19. 14. Let the Meditations of my heart be always acceptable in thy sight O Lord my strength and my Redeemer There are two things which will never faile you in your surprisal of secret sinnings viz. 1. One is to be digging up the intimate root of all sinnings 2. Another is to stifle the first conception of sins to make sinne an abortive in the womb that it shall never stretch out it self to actions Beloved to tye Sampsons armes it was a vaine thing his strength lay not there but if the hair of his head be cut off then his strength is gone and he shall become weak To tamper only with the acts of sinne is not the way to be rid of sinful acts But the singular way to be rid of bad acts is to
be rid of a bad nature the vertue of the effect alwayes lurks in the cause and therefore it is the cause which gives life and death to it If thou couldest once get an holy nature which might be at defiance with sinne in its throne know this that a new nature and daily combat would much help against secret sinnings That sinne is least of all acted with life which is most of all combated within the heart for sinne hath least practise where it hath most opposition And of all oppositions those that are inward are most weakning of sin 4. Get an hatred of sinne which will oppose sin in all kindes and all times and in all places 5. Get the feare of God planted in thy heart There are three sorts of sinnes which this fear will preserve a man Get the feare of God against First Pleasant sinnes which take the sense with delight Secondly Profitable sinnes which take the heart with gaine but what shall it profit me to winne the whole world and to lose my soul Thirdly secret sinnes of either sort Joseph did not dare to sinne that great sinne of uncleannesse though the acting of it might have beene secret and thouâ—h perhaps the consequence of it miâ—ht have been his preferment why the fear of God kept him off he had an awful regard to God he knew the greatnesse of his holinesse of his power How can I do this great wickednesse and â—â—nne against God Gen. 39. 9. Why brethren if we feare the Lord it is not the night which the thief doth take nor the twilight which the adulterer doth take nor the seasons of secrecy or places of obscurity that will prevaile with us c. Yea but God sees me the great judge of heaven and earth the holy one the God who hates all sinne whose eyes are brighter then the Sunne and purer then to behold sin and who is mighty in power and just in his threatnings he sees and beholds therefore I dare not 6. Believe Gods omniscience and omnipresence that the Believed Gods omniscience Lord is every where and all things are naked and open to his eye with whom thou hast to deal thou canst not intend to think thou canst not whisper out thy thouâ—hts thou canst not finger the closest bribes thou canst not encline thy self to the most abstracted kinde of secrecy in the world but God sees thee clearly perfectly now if a man could believe that God is still with us and there are two which evermore goe with us the Judge and the Register God and conscience that he is acquainted with all his thoughts paths wayes this would put an awe upon him would the wife be so impudent to commit folly and prostitute her whorish body in the sight and presence of her husband would the servant be filching out of the box if he saw his Masters eye upon his hand 7. Get thy heart to be upright uprightnesse is an inward temper and hypocrisie is an outward complection Psalme Get thy heart to be upright 119. 3. They do no iniquity c. The inward man is the businesse of sincerity to the forming and fashioning of that doth it improve and imploy it selfe it knowes that God delights in truth and this too in the inward parts It endeavours to please God in all things and there to be most to God where man can be least in observation and that is in the secret and hidden frame PSAL. 19. 13. Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sinnes let them not have dominion over me then shall I be upright and shall be innocent from that great transgression CHAP. II. THese words containe in them Davids second Petition and request sinnes do not only differ in respect of opennesse and secretness but also in respect of the degree of hainousness and greatness now because secret sins sticks closest and are of a more easie and adventrous commission therefore David prays much against them Lord cleanse thou me from secret sinnes And because presumptuous sinnes are of a more fearful efficacy and consequently they being usually the bravings of God even to his face therefore David prays as vehemently against them in this verse This verse may be considered two ways The words considered 1. Respectively as in connection with the former by that In conjunction with the former word also keep back thy servant also as if David had said O Lord I have prayed unto thee to be cleansed from secret sinnes and I beseech thee let me be answered but yet this is not all that I have to request I have yet another request besides that keep me also from presumptuous sins 2. Absolutely in regard of their proper matter so they In their proper matter comprehend 1. The Petitioner thy servant 2. The Petition which respects sins 1. Presumption from presumptuous sins 2. Dominion let them not have Dominion over me 3. The Petitioner who is implyed and that is God yet expressed by what he should do keep back c. 4. The Conclusion or inference which he makes from the grant of all this which is his uprightness and innocency innocency not absolute but limitted innocent from that great transgression There is more matter in these words then you yet well conceive of I will touch some Propositions which might challenge a further prosecution and then I will set down at large upon the main intentions and conclusions from the words considered as a connexion of a new request with the former request these things might be observable viz. SECT I. Doct. 1 FIrst There may and should be a conjunction even of great There may and should be a conjunction of great requests at once to God Petitions and requests at once unto God As they say of graces and duties that they are connexed and like so many pearls upon one and the same string for we may say of requests to God though they be many for kindes and number and matter yet they may be put up in the same prayer to God David ends not at that request keep me from secret sinnes but goes on also O Lord keep me from presumptuous sinnes he multiplies his suits according to the multiplicity of his necessity and exigence Note There be divers qualities about our prayers viz. Our prayers must be with 1. One is an urgent fervency when the soul doth not nakedly commence the suit propound it to God and say Lord 1. urgent fervency hear me but it doth inforce as it were an audience and acceptance it doth strive with God and wrestle with him I will not let thee go unless thou blesse me Gen. 32. 26. as Jacob And O Lord hear O Lord hearken and consiâ—er do and deferre not for thy name sake as Dan. 9. this is a following of the suit with God as the woman did Christ 2. Importunity when a person renews the same suit comes 2. Importunity often to the door of grace and knocks 3.
own Our tongues are our own said they who is Lord over us Psal 12. yea they are said to set their Note mouths against heaven q. d. what tell you us of the Lord of his displeasure or pleasure As for the word which thou hast spoken in the name of the Lord we will not do it said they in Jeremiah 44. A man doth even try it out with God and provokes him to his face and maintaines the devises of his heart against the purity and equity of Gods will 2. In presumptuous sinnings a man knows the thing and way to In them a man knows the thing to be unlawfull be unlawful and therefore the presumptuous sinner is opposed to the ignorant sinner Numb 15. not that every sinning against knowledge absolutely whatsoever is a presumptuous sinning is against knowledge and without grosse ignorance the presumptuous sinner holds a candle in one hand and draws out the sword with the other my meaning is this that he breaks through the light of knowledge discerning the way to be sinful yea and flaming upon his breast working in and checking his conscience notwithstanding all which yet he will presume to offend and proceed in transgressings 'T is true even a good man in many particulars Object may and doth sin not only against habitual but against actual knowledge but this is through infirmity not through Sol. contumacy he approves that light against the sinne and doth not maintaine the sinne against his light yea he yeelds not only by approbation of judgement but also by resolution and desire of will to imitate the light yet through the weaknesse of his power and from the force of an hasty temptation he may fall down even at noon-day but the presumptuous sinner sees light as an enemy and therefore willingly breaks through it to the way of his sinne yea he makes his heart to uphold the sin against the force of his knowledge and drives back the arguments with a resolution that however he will have his sin 3. The presumptuous sinner in that kinde of sinning adventures He adventures against express threatnings against express threaâ—nings thus it stands with a man his heart and Satan incline and egge him to sinne but God and Conscience stand in the way against him as he said of Note the sword to Joab Knowest thou not that it will be bitternesse in the end so God saith to him thou shalt not have peace in this way it is the thing which I hate and abhorre and I have revealed wrath from heaven against it but in presumption the sinning soul steps over the threatning to the committing of the sin that sword of God which may keep back another man yet though God sets the point of it to the breast of a presumptuous sinner it will not stave him off from adventuring therefore the presumptuous sinner is said to blesse himself in his heart though God threatens a curse Deut. 29. this is a truth that a presumptuous sinner is not changed by mercies nor affrighted by threats but as the Leviathan in Job laughs at the shaking of the speare so the heart of a presumptuous sinners puffs at all divine warnings and menaces come said they let it come that we may see him As there is not a love to the goodness of God so there is not a fear of the greatness of God in presumption 4. Presumptuous sins do arise from a false confidence there are two They arise from a false confidence Of the facility of mercy things upon which the presuming sinner doth imbolden himself 1. One is the facility of mercy when a man sets mercy against sinne he doth well because Gods mercies should draw our hearts off from sinne but when a man sets mercy against Justice now he offends yet thus doth the presumtuous sinner perhaps there is not in every presumptuous sinner such a spirit of Atheistical madnesse that he is absolutely carelesse of all that God threatens nor is he so miserably prodigal of his soul that he rejoyceth to have it damned no he may and sometimes doth apprehend threatnings yea so that his heart is caused to demurre it may be a stopping apprehension i. such as may make him study how to pursue his sinne and yet to wave and decline the edge of the sharp threatning and this he doth by opposing mercy to justice 't is true this is a sinne and divine justice will not take it well but I will adventure on it hoping that divine mercy will pacifie the rigor of the threatning I will sin and offend Justice but then I will decline that Court by flying to the Mercy-seat God is of a gentle heart easie to be entreated and will be presently satisfied and appeased Just like a man who will break his bones because he trusts to have them quickly set by a skilful Chirurgion or like a lewd child who adventures to outrages upon the scope and allowance of his fathers good nature This ground of presumption God fully intimates in Deut. 29. 19. when he heareth the words of the curse that he blesse himself in his heart saying I shall have peace though I walk in the imagination of mine heart to adde drunkenness to thirst c. Beloved this is certain that presumption disposeth of mercy beyond all allowance and writes a pardon which God will never allow nor seal it will dare to runne in debt upon a conceit of a discharge and clearing however as if Divine mercy were nothing else but a present untwining of all the knots which we make and a crossing of debts as soon as entred and served for no other end but that men should be bold to sinne and cheerful after the commission of it But verily mercy is more precious then so 2. Another is the self possibility and strength of future repentance Of the self possibility of future repentance he is one of the worst patients in a way of sinning who is confident that he can be his own Physician no soul wounds it self more then that which vainly thinks that it can presently cure them presumption is not alwayes carried upon an absolute hope of mercy but the sinner being more piercingly understanding knows that mercy is a special Charter and such a balme as is spread only upon a returning and humbling soule here it is that this presumptuous person will adventure to sinne upon a confidence that he will notwithstanding all this fashion and polish his soul to a meet capacity of mercy by hereafter repentings and humblings he doth foolishly delude his soul with a fancy of such things which exceed his power There are two things which the sinner cannot assure himself of One is the lengthning of his life for this candle is lighted and put out not according to our desires but according to divine pleasure all life hath its limits from the Lord of life and death he who sinnes to day cannot be assured that he shall live till to morrow Now
repentance is a work of this life death bindes us over to sentence and then 't is too late to return And therefore every presumptuous sinner adventures boldly upon that which cannot be his beyond the time present Another is the returning of the heart from sinne though our natural principles can give the wound yet they must be supernatural principles which give the cure our own hearts can cause us to fall but Gods grace only is that which raiseth us Now Gods grace is Gods gift and not mans stock though we alone can fall off from God by sinne yet none but God can bring us back from sin by true repentance unto himself yet presumption makes the heart bold not only with time which is in Gods hand but also with grace which is only in Gods gift Though I sinne yet I will hereafter repent thus the presumptuous soul whose life may be instantly cut off and to whom God may therefore deny his grace to repent because it did before-hand presume to sin 5. In many presumptuous sinnings there is a slighting contempt It is with a slighting contempt therefore Numb 15. 30 31. presumptuous sinning is called a despising of the Word of the Lord the soul that doth ought presumptuously c. shall be cut off because he hath despised the Word of the Lord c. to despise the Word of the Lord is to esteeme of it as a vaine thing to disregard it in his authority and Majesty over our consciences and hearts and wayes As if a soul should say what care I though God doth speak thus and thus I will not be curbed and limited nor restrained this is to contemn God And it is called a rebelling against him Deut. 1. 24. I spake unto you and you would not heare but rebelled against the Commandment of the Lord and went up presumptuously to the hill It is called a casting of Gods Law behinde our back God hath hemmed and circumscribed the soul with precepts within which if a man walks he hath God to be his security but in presumptuous sinnings a man will exceed his limits and yet believe a safety this very thing is expressed in Deut. 17. 11. According to the sentence of the Law which they shall teach thee and according to the judgement which they shall tell thee thou shalt do thou shalt not decline from the sentence which they shall shew thee to the right hand or to the left ver 12. And the man that will do presumptuously and will not hearken to the Priest c. even that man shall die ver 13. And all the people shall hâ—ar and fear and do no more presumptuously There you see that presumptuous sinning consisted in the slighting of the sentence of the Law by the Priest the Priest said this is it which God would have you do This is it which he would not have done Now the person who sinned presumptuously would not stand to this but would break over this sentence and would go in his own way he disregarded what God spake that should not be his rule no not his 6. Lastly presumptuous sinnings may rise higher then all It may arise to malice and despight against God and Christ this as when a man sinnes not only knowingly and wilfully but most maliciously and despitefully against God and Christ the Apostle speaks of such presumptuous sinners who tread under foot the Sonne of God and do despite unto the Spirit of Grace Heb. 10. 29. And who crucifie to themselves the Sonne of God afresh and put him to an open shame Heb. 6. 6. This kinde of presumptuous sinning is not only to sinne though a man knows it nor only to sin because a man will sin but it is also to sin on purpose to dishonour God and to vex his holy spirit the soul is grown unto that abominable insolency that a man even plots deliberately how to crosse God and will therefore apply himself to such words and acts because he knows they will displease God this is the very top and height of presumptuous sinning when a man in a sober and calme spirit exempted from violent diseases and strong passions and insolently turbulent temptations shall in sober circumstances desperately and of malicious and set purpose encounter God adventure iniquity to provoke God he knows that the worst which shall befall him is damnation but he cares not for that he will however have his pleasure in sinne and will strive to despite that God who stands in a just enmity to his soul and sins SECT II. Quest 2. WHat that strength is which keeps back regenerate What that strength is which keeps back the regenerate from presumptuous sinnes persons from presumptuous sinnes and what difference 'twixt the restrainings of evil men and this keeping back of good David Sol. For a more distinct knowledge of this point observe a few particulars 1. Restraint is any kinde of stop 'twixt the inclination and the Restraint is any kinde of stop betwixt the inclination and the object object when the nature is inclined to such or such a thing and a barre falls in to keep them asunder this is restraint As when God bridled up the fire from burning the three children and the Lion from devouring Daniel and Abimelech from touching Sarah and Laban from hurting Jacob The natural inclinations of the former and the morally evil dispositions of the latter were chained in they were stopped they were hindred in respect of their actings and exercise All creatures are capable of restraint because under a Supreame power only God cannot be restrained but for all creatures their natures and inclinations and operations are under his command by the Lawe of Creation 2. Restraint of any Agent ariseth from a greater strength Restraint of any agent is from a greater strength of a superior agent of a Superior Agent whatsoever keeps a man back from a sinful acting it is at that time whiles a restraint of more actually strong force then the present inclination is as in the stopping of a stone or water that which is unequal in strength a lesser force is not able to keep in the stronger the cords wherewith Sampson was bound were no restraints to his motion and escape for his strength exceeded them and he easily brake them asunder But Gods decree and providence is a restraint to the raging sea and his power is a restraint to gird in the malice and rage of man because though sinfull inclinations be strong yet God can over-rule and bound and bind it in 3. All Restraints presupposeth an aptness a disposition ready to Restraints suppose a readiness â—o get out run and get out The Child whose desire is to lie in the Cradle is not there said to be restrained and the Trades-man whose shop is his paradise is not therefore restrained from going abroad but when a servant would be gadding and yet is kept in this is Restraint In every man there is too much sin
meer Restraints In the fulness of duration hold in the nature no longer then the things remain by vertue of which the mind was restrained Let the fear of death expire put aside the edge of the Law be sure that shame shall not follow and the only restrained sinner breaks open school so that he goes to the sin But holdings back by renewed grace are cohibitions of the heart upon permanent grounds viz. the perpetual contrariety twixt God and sin twixt sin and his Will and Holiness and Goodness and Honour 7. They differ in this That the heart of a man only restrained In Restraints men grow worse when at liberty doth being at liberty like waters held up pour forth it self more violently and greedily as if it would pay use for foâ—bearnace it abounds in the sin and makes a more fully wicked recompence for the former restrictions But where the soul is kept back by renewing grace iâ— doth not multiply sin Not so in renewingâ— because of less practise now but is labouring a fuller diminution of sin because of too much practise heretofore 8. They differ thus An evil man is kept back as a prisoner Restraints are an evil mans force and cross a good mans desire and joy by force against his Will But a good man is kept back as a Petitioner it is his hearts desire O that my wayes were so directed that I might keep thy statutes order my steps in thy Word and let not any iniquity have dominion over me Keep back thy servant from presumptuous sins It is an evils man cross to be restrained and a good mans joy to be kept back from sin when sin puts forth it self the evil man is putting forth his hand to the sin but when sin puts forth it self the good man is putting forth his hand to heaven if he finds his heart yielding out he cries O keep back thy servant An evil man is kept back from sin as a friend from a friend as a lover from his lover with knit affections and projects of meeting but a good man is kept back from sin as a man from his deadly enemy whose presence he hates and with desires of his ruine and destruction It is the good mans misery that he hath yet an heart to be more tamed and mastered It is an evil mans vexation and discontent that still or at any time he is held in by cordor bridle And thus you see what David aims at in desiring to be kept back from presumptuous sins viz. not a meer suspension but a mortification not a not-acting only but a subduing of the inclination not for a time but for ever Nevertheless methinks there may he something more added for the opening of this point Keep back thy servant from presumptuons sins Take what I conceive briefly thus God keeps back his God keeps back his servants from sinne By preventing grace servants from sin 1. By preventing Grace which is by infusing such a nature which is like a Bias into the Boul drawing it aside another way so that holy nature which God confers on his servants doth secretly draw off the soul from the consent appetition and practise of sin propounded to the soul 2. By assisting Grace which is a further strength superadded By assisting grace to that first implanred nature of holiness like an hand upon a Child holding him in This Divines call a Co-operating Grace which is an excess of divine strength to that strength which God hath formerly imprinted in preventing grace which whether it be an inlargement of habitual grace in the natural measure of it as when health is made to rise to a greater degree of strength or whether it be an efficacious motion of Gods Spirit powerfully strengthning the inherent Grace to the acts of aversation and resistance of sin and temptation It is I confess an acute and disputable inquiry yet whether the one or whether the other the soul is by either more confirmed and established and upheld and kept from sin 3. By quickning Grace which is when God doth inliven By quickning grace our graces to manifest themselves in actual oppositions so that the soul shall not yield but keep off from entertaining the sin As when in the motions of sin he inflames the heart with an apprehension of his own love in Christ and then excites our love exceedingly unto himself again whereby the heart is made marvelously averse and to detest any closure with this sin by which so ample and gracious a love should be wronged and abused or as when in the temptations to sin he excites that affection of holy fear which works that filial and awful regard to a great God and a good Father that the soul is brought into Josephs temper how can I do this great evil and sinne against God 4. By directing grace which is when God confers that effectual By directing grace wisdome to the minde tendernesse to the conscience watchfulnesse to the heart that his servants become greatly solicitous of his honour scrupulously jealous of their own strength and justly regardful of the honour of their holy profession And therefore they decline all occasions of the sinne which may over-lay their own strength and dailies not with the temptations or with the first motions But as they are in fear of themselves so they are in defiance not only with apparent sins but also with the appearances of them and shun not only the sins but the inlets and preparations to the sinnes and verily he shall be much kept from the secrecy of sin as a King who is wise to keep off Parle with the Ambassadors of sin I mean occasions which do negotiate with the soul and prepare it to lose its own strength 5. By doing grace which is when God effectually enclines By doing grace the heart of his servants to the places and wayes of their refuge safeties and preservations from sin By enlarging the spirit of supplication which carries the soul to its strength prayer engageth God and this we finde that the praying Christian is more kept from sin then the disputing Christian for though sinne be stronger then reason yet God is stronger then sin by framing the heart to the reverent and affectionate use of his Ordinances A man many times comes to the word a combitant but is sent away a Conqueror comes hither as a pursued man by sin and Satan but here God gives him a safeguard a protection and sends him away armed with more holy resolutions courage and defiance by strengthning his graces by assuring his love and strength by making the sinne more vile and odious SECT III. Quest 3. NOW I proceed to the third question What causes or Why David prayes to be kept from presumptuous sins reasons there should be which might move David to put up this prayer Keep back thy servant from presumptuous sinnes Sol. Reasons thereof are many I will touch them though under a few
temptation hath been his conquest yet his sinning shall be his trouble weak strength in grace though it be not alwayes actually sufficient to prevent sin yet it will be able to melt the soul for it if temptation hath surprized the soul to sin grace wiâ—l then surprise the soul to mourne neither will it lie with sin upon it Even a weak child thrown down will be scrambling up or crying for some to raise it But if the places of our fall be the places of our peace and of our rest it is a bad signe that our sinnings exceed infirmities when the sinning is to us as the sea to the fish or as the centre to the stone or as the bed to the labouring man this is no infirmity Fifthly in sinful acts of infirmities the heart as it intends not sin it condemns sin the heart is more sensible watchful prayerful In infirmities the heart is against sin against it and exceedingly strives to mortifie it and subdue it SECT VI. 3. Of Exhortation A Third Use shall be to exhoâ—t us to imitate holy David Exhortation to be carefull to be kept back from presumptuous sins Consider It is a great judgement to be left to our selves in a care against presumptuous sinnes and to be kept back from them Consider seriously a few things 1. It is a great judgement to be left to our selves to be given up to a mans own heart to be given up to Satan to be given up to vile affections to a reprobate sense to our own councels and wayes As if God should say to a person I have dealt with thee by my mercies but thou wilt be unrighteous still I have dealt with thee by my â—udgements but thou Note wilt hold fast thy wickedness still I have dealt with thee by my word and counsels but thou wilt proceed on in thy sinning still I have dealt with thee by my spirit in many convictions and motions but thou wilt sinne still I have dealt with thee by reproofs and checks and troubles of conscience but thy heart is set in thee to sin still Since thou wilt be unrighteous thou shalt be unriâ—hteous still since thou wilt be filthy thou shalt be so stilâ— I will leave thee unto the hands of Satan who works mightily in the chilâ—ren of disobedience and he shall take thee captive at his pleasure I will leave thee to the vilenesse of thy own sinful nature that since thou wilt not hearken unto me thou shalt as thou desirest with all greediness fulfil the lust thereof but I will withdraw from thee in my mercy and in my loving care go on and fill up the measure of thy iniquity and of wrath why brethren this is a sad and forlorn condition what is the estate of the patient when the Physician gives him off and relinquisheth him to his own sick palate and his own vain appetite and diet why saith he physick will do him no good it is in vain to prescâ—ibe him rules let him do on take what he will I see well he is a dead man thus it is with him whom God leaves unto himself Surely there is not a more direful judgement then for God to give over his keeping of us whither will not our wicked hearts carry us what will not sinne left to it self dare to do how outragiously will it swell how irrecoverably will it sink the soul all helps are little enough to bound and keep in sinne but if it be left to its own force and violence then like the sea without a shore what a deluge it makes 2. To sinne upon presumptuous grounds upon a presumption To sin upon a presumption of Mercy is the next way to cut off from mercy of mercy is the next way to cut us off from mercy Knowest thou not O man that the kindnesse and long-suffering and mercy of God should lead thee to repentance but thou through thy hardnesse and impenitency of thy heart treasurest unto thy self wrath against the day of wrath Rom. 2. 4 5. God will not be merciful to the wicked transgressor but he will wound the hairy scalp of such a one who goes on still in his sins Mercy is a sweet City of refuge to the penitent sinner but justice will tear off the presumptuous sinner even from the hornes of the Altar God never yet said that he would forgive him who will not leave his sins do not flatter thy self thou doest forsake thy mercies unlesse thou wilt forsake thy sins God will not spare thee nor pity thee 3. Presumptuous sinning makes high work for the soul The Presumptuous sinning makes high work for the soul pricks of a pinne the cut of a knife may do much hurt but the gash of a sharp sword forcibly followed this will open death in thy sides Every sin fetcheth blood in the soul but presumptuous sinnings do even cleave the conscience asunder be thou good or bad who mounts up in an high kinde of sinning good Lord how it will in a day of judicial sense make the very sinewes to crack and thy joynts to tremble Of all sensible wrackings in the soul there is not any one comparable to that of despaire O! despaire it is the death Note pang of the conscience it is the soul in the Extremity of amazing throwes it sees no heaven and no shore but lays the soul either in hell or ready to be cast quick into it now presumptuous sinnings prepare the way for despair when the soul would have its sinful course it would not be beaten off by any method and warning of heaven but went on in a secure confidence of the easinesse and largenesse of mercy when God will not take these proud braveries any longer but arrest the stout transgressor and set his sins in order both for the greatnesse of fact and height of pride and darings and that against all light and goodnesse and warning and threatning and the sinner sees himself fallen into the hands of a terrible and glorious God from whose fierce displeasure it cannot now rid it self O cries out the miserable man what shall I do woe to me that ever I was borne I have shut up heaven against my self I am rejected for ever as I have dealt with God so now he deals with me I would not hearken to him and now he will not hearken to me O I shall never have mercy I have adventured on so presumptuously that I have distinguished my self from any hope and possibility of recovery I was intreated but still I would sin I was warned but still I would sinne I saw it to be sinful but I would do it I felt some trouble for it but c. I despised counsel and scorned reproof I slighted mercy I quenched motions and these so often O Lord now thou hast met with me now shall I never rise any more I would have my sinnes and I have them still and I shall have thy just wrath and hell with them too
if we will not return iniquity shall be our ruine Object O! but God is mercifull though we be sinfull Sol. Yea But he is mercifull only to the penitent and if thou wilt be impenitent thou forsakest thy metcies and treasurest wrath unto thy self against the day of wrath Rom. 2. 4 5. Nay more Mercy doth so infinitely upbraid thee that the very Devils will hiss at thee in the day of Judgement they may cry out against thee for the abominablest wretch living yea in this respecâ— worse then they Lord may they say we have sinned exceedingly against thee why what should we do we had never any hope or proposition of mercy it was never offered to us nor assured us but here 's a wretch that though he were a sinner yet thou didst beseech him by thy mercies to leave his sins thou assuredst him of free pardon if he would return and he not only refused the pardon but because of thy goodness in it therefore grew more proudly bold and presuming to sin against thee 6. Sixthly Consider this That it is a difficult thing to repent It is a difficult thing to repent and that the more a man doth sin the more hard it is to repent of his sins Object Why will you say what of this to the prevention of presumptuous sinnings Sol. I answer this conduceth much because the presuming sinner leads on his soul to sin upon this ground and confidence that if the worst come to the worst he will yet at last put off his sins and repent whereupon his heart adventures far Now if a man were throughly convinced of two things this ground would sink and perhaps his heart might be taken off from presuming 1. One is That it is a difficult thing to repent Why Repentance is the new setting of the heart and life it is the very contradiction of a mans former love and practise it is the undoing of all his doings it is the shifting as it were of his nature and the transplanting of himself the divorcing of the affections the new bent and edge of the soul for all holy and pious obedience and is this an easie thing Is it easie for a man to become an enemy to himself to lay down his sweet delight his precious profits his closer nature to judge and condemn his heart and wayes for ever to forsake his own counsels his own inclinations his own courses Know you not that to sneath up but an idle word and form of language is not so facile an act how much more then to put off root and branch Do we not stick in the same sins after many threatnings of wrath after many executions of Judgement after many invitations by mercies after dayly counsels and directions by thy Word after instances and examples of punishment nay after particular and personal experiences of the deceitfulness and bitterness of our sinnings Doth not this shew that it is a difficult thing to repent Nay Take an Assay of thy heart begin the study of thy self remember thy doings which have not been good thy wayes that have been evil summon up all the matter of Repentance for if Repentance be true it must be an universal turning and then set upon the work of Repentance and tell me whether former sins cannot plead hard for future and constant possession whether they cannot work mightily and deceitfully tell me how willing and ready thou shalt find thy heart which comes to this duty as a Thief to the Executioner Tell me whether Satan will easily give up his Title and interest and will give Christ possession quietly without many fervent suits to heaven yea without bitter and strong conflicts yea unless the Almighty God himself come in and turn him out of thy heart and turn thy heart to him 2. Another things is this That the more a man doth sin the more he disables himself to repent Tell me seriously Doth not the Debt weaken his ability of payment by greater engagements Doth not the disease consume the powers of nature by its encrease Why what is that which spoils us and disarms us of strength is it not sin then the more sinning still the less strength to return from sin Nay sin doth not only corrupt our strength by multiplied sinnings but withal increaseth its own strength the more a man doth sin the weaker and weaker he becomes and sin thereby becomes stronger and stronger Now tell me if it be hard for thee in strength to turn from sin will it not be harder for thee in weakness to conquer strength if thou canst not step over the brook why dost imagine it easie to stride over the Ocean If thou canst nor stand before the child thinks thou in a moment to cast down the strong man surely by thy continued and multiplied course of sinning thy mind is more blinded and thy Judgement is more corrupted and thy love is more inflamed and thy heart is more hardned and art not thou then more disabled Once again by thy more sinnings the Counsels of God are more despised by thee and the Spirit of God is more grieved and resisted by thee and the Mercies of God are more abused by thee and the patience of God is more profaned and injured by thee so that God in Justice may forsake thee and deny his hand for ever unto thee and then thou what wilt thou do what canst thou do I beseech you lay these things to heart they may check and hold off your hearts from presuming why thinks the soul here is a temptation to sin yea but I must repent and it is not so easie that to do if it be let me try about my former sins without a new addition now and then this I am sure of that the more sinnings will make the work of Repentance more hard forasmuch as they wedge in the sin more into the affections and provoke God more c. therefore it shall suffice me to have sinned already I will adventure no more nor no further Seventhly Consider That thy life is short and thy account Thy life is short and thy account sure is sure Thou sinnest this moment and art not sure to live till the next day and hast not assurance of life till to morrow for what is our life but a lease of time which God lets to man the date of which is only known to God and commanded by him Saint James would not have us talk of to morrow and Christ would not have us think of any more then for two days and Paul saith That the present time is the acceptable time and the day of salvation Thou fool said Christ this night shall they take away thy soul death attends thee every moment it is even laying hands on thee in the womb and thou art never going to sin but death saith Lord shall I now strike him arrest him in his very rebellion Now if a man were effectually perswaded of this perhaps he would not presume to sin
for presumption is usually confident of Note longer life and therefore imboldens it self to stronger sins a foolish error and vain for were it true that in a natural probability thou mightest yet live long yet in a judicial course this is most true that great sinnings shorten the life the thief goes to the Gallows in his youth because of his theft and the sinner is suddenly laid in his grave by reason of his sinnings And then â—wo unto thee better that thou hadst never been born if thou lives and dies in thy sins to the Judgement-seat of God must thou be brought with sin in thy bones and presumptuous iniquity in thy heart thou who now darest to out-face the Ministers of God shall not then dare to look the holy and just and terrible God in the face but he will fill thy breast with confusion and all the veins of thy soul with flames of hottest vengeance and indignation Eightly Get knowledge sanctified Knowledg is like a sword it Get knowledge sanctified may defend a man and it may hurt a man it may both arm him and kil him or like the light of a Candle which may both direct and also burn and so accidentally even knowledge it self may prove a great addition to our sinnings That which serves to give us light against them may yet improve the guilt of them upon us There is a two-fold knowledge 1. One naked which shews the evil 2. Another sanctified which keeps from evil the former is good at the Object but the latter is good with the subject that looks upon what is to be done or not to be done this looks down to the heart and inclines it strongly to embrace the good and to resist and abhor the evil This is certain that not all the spirits of speculation are a sufficient rescue of thy soul from presumptuous sinnings Object Why saith a man I will not sin so I know better then so Sol. Alas The bullet strikes down the souldier for all his head-piece naked knowledge is at best but an head-piece and that not of proof neither but sanctified knowledge is a breast-plate and that keeps off the dart Lastly Renounce thine own strength of nature of parts of Renounce thy own strength gifts yea of graces yea of services he shall be brought far in sin who goes far upon his own strength thy own strength will deceive thee it is not enough to keep thee good nor preserve thee from being bad if thou couldest get a trembling heart and a bended knee and a believing eye and an humble spirit then thy Castle were impregnable c. PSAL. 19. 13. Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sinnes let them not have dominion over me CHAP. IV. HAving handled Davids prayer against sin as lying in presumption now I shall touch on it as it doth respect sin in Dominion Let them not have dominion over me There may be divers conjectures about the connexion and depending sense of these words Two Expositions of the words First As if they were a distant petition q. d. Lord I pray unto thee against high kinds of sinning and perhaps I may sometimes be laid flat by them but then I desire of thee that though they strike me down yet they 1. As a distinct petition may not rule over me though I stoop yet I may not serve though I fall yet I may not lie and rest though they may be sometimes so strong as to over-come yet never so full as to reign let them not have Dominion over me Secondly As if they are but the same petitions greatly inforced q. d. O Lord I beseech thee to keep back thy servant 2. As the same petition inforced from presumptuous sins all sins are bad and inglorious and foul but none so as they they are high transgressions therefore I beseech thee let them not have Dominion i. never suffer them to prevail over me never let them enter into my soul or life let them never over-come me let them not over-take me let me never commit them Now which way of these you conjecture the sense of the words may be aimed at it requires accurateness to determine and cut the thred For my part I think that both may be commodious and are pious though the latter to me doth seem more genuine yet in this I easily submit to better Judgements FOR the words themselves this is evident that they express the spirit of holy David as vehemently carried against presumptuous sins in Dominion for the better discussing of them I shall inquire these particulars 1. What Dominion of sin here may import Four things wherein it consists 2. Whether sins in Dominion may befall a David 3. Why David prayes so against it 4. Then some usefull applications SECT I. Quest 1. FOR the first of these What Dominion of sin doth What Dominion of sin imports import Sol. Dominion is given sometimes to God sometimes to Christ as Mediator sometimes to man over man sometimes to Satan over man sometimes to death which is said to rule and sometimes to sin when it is betwixt sinne and the sinner as betwixt a King and his Subjects As a raigning King hath dominion so sin it acts in all things like a King 1. It hath possession original sin of our hearts actual sin of our lives 2. Hath a title our forsaking of God and voluntary election and compact 3. Hath a throne our souls 4. Hath servants our Members 5. Hath a councel our carnal wisdom and corrupt reasonings 6. Hath power to give Laws and see them executed Paul speaks of the Law in his members and the Law of sin Rom. 7. 21 22. But more distinctly for the better understanding this Four things observe these particulars 1. That Dominion properly is the Right and Power of a What is dominion properly Lord over a servant it is a word implying Superiority and Subjection one who hath Authority to command and another whose condition is obeâ—iential and to serve so that in the dominion there is one who doth rule and another who is ruled one who doth command and another who yeelds at least virtute â—uris he is to yeeld and obey and ratione facti where dominion is exercised there is actual command and actual obedience as the Centurion who had authority and dominion over his servants he said to one go and he did go to one come and he did come to another do this and he did it Secondly observe that Dominion is twofold it is either Dominion is either 1. Original and absolute and this is when the Lord hath a Original and Absolute natural and prime and irrespective title it belongs to him as so to command and impose obedience meerly from his absolute right and accoâ—ding to his own pleasure such a dominion belongs only to â—od who made all the world and is Lord of all All the creatures are his servants and are set by the Law
particular for this and that time as a true subject suppose one of Davids not understanding all thing aright not pawsing was drawn to the conspiracy on Absolons side so a Christian in whom sin hath not a proper dominion he may on a sudden be so ensnared by sin and temptation that he gives way unto it yet afterwards he returnes to himself and condemns his own act by sound repentance Therefore know that the assent which sets up sin in dominion it is double Twofold assent that sets up sin in dominion 1. Antecedent One is Antecedent and this assent is such a work of the minde wherein sin is not only not rejected and condemned but yeelded unto and approved what Abraham answered in another case to Isaac calling out my father he presently answered here am I my sonne so when sinfull corruption thrusts out the sinful inclination or motion the sinner presently answers here am I I am ready to do thy will I like it I allow it The other is Consequent this is an assent not only when a Consequent sin is to be committed but after it is committed and that too not whiles the heat of sinful deceit or temptation remaines and lies upon the soul but when that is gone off when matters grow quiet and sober and calme then a man he likes his fact he likes his course he doth not only antecedently devise mischief on his bed and abhorres not evil and sets himself in a way that is not good as David speaks Psal 36. 4. But he rejoyceth when he hath done evil and delights in the frowardness of the wicked as Solomon speaks Prov. 2. 14. Even a godly man by temptation and by infirmity may yeeld an antecedent assent but then as soon as he comes to himself again as soon as he recovers his judgement to be cleare and his affections to be calme he will then set upon himself and reverse his own acts he will judge and condemn both his deed and his assent such a fool was I said David and he will hate himself and his sinful yeeldings such a beast was I said David again and he will not rest in such an estate Peter goes out and weeps bitterly so that even his underhanding will condemn his understanding his understanding by a subsequent act of judiciary sentence will condemn and dis-allow yea and dis-avow the antecedent act of the understanding in assenting and yeelding the serious judgment will condemn the rash judgement As a man who hath foolishly yeelded to the bond if he can get it into his hands he will now blot out his name and tear off his seal so it will be in this case But where sin is in dominion there is not only antecedently permissio i. a free and favourable leave given to the committing of sin but consequently there is adhesio and defensio the man approves and upholds that which was committed there is not a revocation of the fact a man doth not put in and sue out a Writ of Error against himself i. that he was circumvented by deceit and mistake nor doth he make protestation against his sinful commissions but still owns them as being ready to proceed and advance on forward he gave his band before that sin should be done and now the sin being drawn out as it were into a deed of his own approbation he further confirms the same by adding thereto his Seal he approves it still and saith To morrow shall be as to day and much more abundant Secondly In respect of the consent of the will when the In respect of the consent of the will will declares it selfe expresly as a party for sinne Beloved the disposition of the will is the fairest throne of sinnes dominion and as we judge of the dominion of grace farre better by the will and affections then by the workings and reaches of the understanding so on the contrary we may more safely judge and determine of the dominion of sin by the frame and bent of the will then by any other faculty whatsoever may be discoursed about natural actions for their prime and principal causation whether by the will or by the understanding yet this is most true in morals that the greatest denomination is from the will either for good or evil and this holds in the case of sinnes dominion the will hath in a sort the casting voice it is one of the chief of the Royal Armes and supporters of the sinful Throne sin is strong indeed when it hath taken seisure and possession of the will the more corrupt a mans will is the more strong is corruption in the man sinne is high when the sinner will sin and Note will go on Three things appertain to the will The School-men observe three things which do appertaine to the will and they do all of them demonstrate sinnes dominion 1. Consensus you know that the consent of the will is Consent that which makes the match 'twixt person and person in Law the Canon Law consensus non concubitus facit matrimonium so here the consenting of the will it is the espousing and contracting of the soul and sinne together I will be a Lord to thee saith sinne and I will be a servant to thee saith the sinner I will give thee pleasure and profit saith sinne and I will give thee my heart and obedience saith the sinner 2. Electio this is such an act or work of the will in which Election a man prefers one thing before another or one way before another And where sinne is in dominion the sinner would rather be sinful then godly he would rather go on in his sins then forsake them They love darkness rather then light Joh. 3. 19. Thou lovest evil more then good and lying rather then to speak righteousness Psal 52. 3. as it was with the Hebrew servant when the year of Jubilee was come liberty was propounded unto him he might go free if he would it did depend upon his own choice but the servant somtimes he loved his Master he would not go free So when the Lord comes to a man in whom sinne doth exercise dominion and propounds unto him several things and several ways here is Heaven and here is Hell here is Life and here is Death here is Holinesse and here is Sin here is the way of Duty and here is the way of Disobedience why as Esau made choice of the poore messe of pottage or as the Jews of Barabbas so the sinner he makes choice of his sins and sinful ways I had rather keep my drunkennesse still my uncleanness still my covetousness still c. 3. Imperium or propositum the will is the chief wheel of the Command and Rule soul it is that which in a sort commands all the faculties and all their acts now where the will is chief in sin if sinning be the fruits of its lustful commands a man hath set up his resolution it is the purpose of
his heart to be as he hath been and to do as he hath done he will not learn to do good he will hold fast his wickedness here sin is in dominion Nevertheless for the clear discovery of this part of sins dominion in respect of the will be pleased to observe several things 1. That there is a twosold will There is a twofold will Single 1. One is altogether single in its workings it doth not partly incline to good and partly to evil but either only to good or only to evil v. g. where the created nature which is reasonable was never morally deformed or where the rational nature is gloriously reformed there the will inclines only to good as in the Angels and blessed souls so again where the nature is totally deformed I mean in respect of spirituals where it is intirely corrupted there the Bias of the will draws the soul only to evil the whole ponde weight and strength of the will is for sin and the sinner without any intrinsecal opposition of another nature in the will will yeeld and surrender up himself unto sin Now such a will as this plainly argues dominion of sin where the will what it is and can do that it is and will do for sin when we may say of the will as Saint John of the world the whole world lies in wickedness 1 Joh. 5. 19. so the whole will the whole frame and bent of it is universally obediential or serviceable where the whole nature of the will vents it self into an habitual and plenary consent This is of it self manifest that sin hath dominion Another is mixt and compounded when the will is divided Mixt and compounded within it self and consequently its consents and dissents embracings and refusing are likewise opposed one to another and opposing each the other in the same man you must know that original sin which yet in part remaines is diffused through the whole man and into every faculty and so renuing grace which is oppositite thereto is an universal temper dispersed into every faculty too Neither is it able utterly to dis-lodge sin in respect of being on some actings So that a regenerate man as Saint Austinâ— spake hath in him an old man and a new man his flesh is like a dead man and his spirit like a living man the living man moves up the dead man hangs down the living mans breath is sweet the dead mans savour is loathsome so far forth as the will is renewed by grace so far doth it reject and deny sinnes consent but so far as it is affected and distuâ—bed by remaining and working corruption so far forth it is willing and ready enough to consent to sinful actings Now when we say that the dominion of sin depends upon the will this is not to be understood of the compounded will or of the assent and actions which do arise from a nature and will imperfectly renewed and cleansed in respect of degrees But of the single and corrupt and so compleat will wherein the consent is total and plenary Now the plenary consent of the will consists properly in the full and natural and longing inclination of the will after sin when the will embraceth an evil sets the heart upon it bends after it and that without any resistance or striving so that it is the embracing of sin with an unstriving consent of the will which sets up the dominion Quest 1. Here now falls in a subtle and deep enquiry whether Whether all resistance impairs dominion and no resistance argueth it All resistance doth not prejudice dominion all resistance impairs dominion and no resistance doth always infallibly argue it Sol. I answer briefly to the first 1. That all resistance doth not prejudice dominion A man may hold a firme league with sin in his heart he may be a servant to it though sometimes in some particulars he may skirmish and quarrel There is therefore a double resistance or denying or disputing A twofold resistance with sin One is Collateral and accidental which doth not arise Collateral and Accidental from an immediate contrariety of nature but from a contrariety of effects As now a man in whom sin hath dominion his sinnings may be sent back with such bitter Writs of attachment that he may stand at defiance and be at some forbearance a while from sin or he may have such affected apprehensions of death and hell and shame and terror whereupon he may resist sin as penal and painful as a thing so bitterly vexing and galling and this grieves him too Another is natural and immediate which depends on an Natural and immediate holy nature implanted in the soul which opposeth sinne as a thing formally evil and displeasing to God This resistance doth I confess prejudice sin in its dominion but the former doth not Secondly No restraint doth imply the consent to be plenary No resistance doth imply a plenary consent and therefore sinne to be in dominion when the estate of the soul is such that no contrary quality stands twixt the command of sin and the obedience of a sinner it is easie to point who is Lord of the House and indeed what doth more palpably demonstrate dominion then a quiet subjection Note It is not all the commandings of sin alone which argue dominion infallibly an enemy may command much and highly as Sennacherib and yet not be obeyed but it is consent and the more full and quiet kinde of consent which is that where no resistance is made this shews that the strong man possesseth the house Quest 2. But yet another question is raised and to be removed Whether a good man may not yeeld a plenary consent in whom sin hath not dominion whether a good man in whom sinne hath not dominion may not yeeld a plenary consent of will which if then plenary consent argues not dominion I will tell you what I conjecture about it in a few propositions 1. It is possible that he may sinne willingly two Intensive A good man may sin willingly aggravations of sin in respect of particulars may befall a good man viz. he may sin knowingly and he may sin willingly the cause whereof is this because his will is but in part renued and therefore may be a willing principle neither doth this set up sin in dominion though it greatens sin in the commission for as much as not every particular willingness but an habitual a compleat willingness assures sin of its dominion Secondly observe that there is a double concourse of the wills There is a double concourse of the will to sin Reall consent to sin One is real when in truth the whole composition and all the inclination of the will is for sin the bent of it and Bias all runs that way and where it is thus there sin is in dominion Another is sensible which is an observed acting of the will Sensible as embracing and leaguing it
sin in dominion cannot happen to the Regenerate Why then doth David pray against it Reasons of it why doth David pray c. Sol. Three things may be said of this 1. If David or any regenerate person should be left unto himself sin would have dominion over him therefore he prays acknowledging that it must be a strength greater then his own c. 2. Prayers are a means to fetch us out of the Dominion of sin and keep off sin from having dominion over us upon Pauls prayer the answer was my grace is sufficient for thee 3. Although habitual and universal and final dominion of sin be incompetible or inconsistent with the state of grace yet actual and particular dominion is possible and there are great reasons for a regenerate person to pray if it were no more then against particular and temporary dominion of sin but of this more distinctly in the next Section SECT III. Quest 3. WHy David prayes against sin in dominion Why David prays against sin in dominion Sol. Remember that precedent distinction of actual dominion which comprehended a particular prevalency over the soul for particular acts of sinning and of habitual dominion which intimated the full resignation of the heart to the commands of corruption In both respects there may be great reasons why any man should pray against the dominion of sin Reasons of praying against actual dominion Actual dominion of sin is very bad 1. Against actual dominion 1. Because though actual dominion doth not infallibly testifie the person to be bad yet it is ever a breaking forth of what is very bad for as much as the action in this case is but sinne acted Now consider 1. That every sin as acted is therefore the worse you know Note that sin though it be a vile thing yet it tends towards a perfection Every sin as acted is therefore the worse in its kinde lusâ— when it hath conceived bringeâ—h forth sin and sin when it is finished c. Jam. 1. 15. He alludes to a childe in the womb which in the conception is not so perfect and compleat as in the birth and life sin is naturally bad if it be at all it is evil if in inclination it is evil if in thought evil if in acting then much worse when it is brought forth then it is more ripened and therefore the more sinful now where sin hath but actual dominion there it prevails thouâ—h not alwayes to a full consent yet to a sinful service or act the person doth the thing which is evil 2. That the acting of the greater sin is always a greater kinde The acting of the greater sin is a greater kinde of sinning of sinning I mean caeteris paribus if things be equally set together A high sin a presumptuous sin in temptation is not so guilty as the same presumptuous sin in dominion for all sin in service is ever worse then any sinne in conflict though sinne may trouble a man more when it inclines and tempts yet it wounds a man more when it prevailes and overcomes Secondly actuall dominion though it doth not alwayes conclud Actuall Dominion weakens the strength of grace sin prevailing doth not infer Privation of grace the absence of grace yet it alwayes impaires and weakens the strength of grace There are two things which sin prevailing to act doth not necessarily inferre One is Privation of grace for even a good man may stoop and fall a good man may yet do that evill which he would not an honest traveller may be struck down and a faithful souldier may be taken captive though to sin be the evill mans worke yet it may possible be the good mans action 2. Another is Annihilation of grace There is a great difference Annihilation of grace twixt sicknesse and death sicknesse though it removes health yet it doth not remove life it is death which doth that particular dominion or prevalence it may lay flat wound deeply leave a man in a swoon as ye shall hear presently yet it is the habituall dominion which denies life Neverthelesse particular dominion doth even weaken grace i. any sin much more a presumptuous sin at which David seems Yet it may weaken grace here to touch prevails and winnes ground on the soule to yeeld to act there the Corrupt nature improves it selfe it hath the better And this is certaine that sin is never improved but grace is weakned weakned much in its measure and in its strength as all health by the prevalency of sickness and all heat by the victoriousnesse of cold sinful actings doe abate the vitality of grace the edge and the spirit of it and lay it in a swoone so that a man may now have little heart to pray Infinite distrust toward God and which is as bad as the rest if he takes not heed actuall prevalencies at the least incline and tempt him shrewdly to habituall actings so a man shall hardly doe sin any one service but sin to recompence him will impose the reupon many Commands for more 3. Because actuall dominion though it doth not alwayes cut off Actuall dominion doth check the comforts the union yet it may and doth disperse and check the comforts It is an eclipse though it be not a night He who made the Leprosie though he lost not right to his tent or house yet he was interdicted the use and benefit of either A Child who offends his father though he doth not therefore presently cease to be a childe yet his offence doth turne and change the countenance of his father Though it doth not break off the relation yet iâ— doth the respect he shall not easily be admitted into his fathers presenâ—â— and then he shall see bended browes instead of smiles anâ— sharp rebukes and upbraidings instead of kinde and wonted wel-comes so shall even David himselfe finde if that great sins get dominion over him if they doe prevaile if he doth act them though God doth not cast off his person yet he will draw off his Countenance why hidest thou thy face He shall quickly finde the difference twixt the service of God and the service of sin when he goes to pray his sin shall meet him and when he goes to heare the Ordinances shall cast his sinne into his face As Sampson when he lost his haire he could not doe as formerly as at other times so even actuall dominion of sin though it doth not nullify the relations yet it wonderfully varies the condition The Sun seemes to be darkned at noon-day the Ayre is filled with tempest and thunders which lately was overspread with beautifull light God lookes in terror and displeasure and the conscience wounds with closest bitterness all former comforts seem to take leave of us somtimes we are so distressed that we fear we are lost for ever one such sinning may cost us many yeares of cruell vexation and of this we may be sure that till we are soundly
humbled and renew our repentance we shall never see a smile in Gods countenance nor heare a good word from conscience Now this is a dolefull case that a man shall heare the same promises from which he suckt much comfort and yet he may not taste now he cannot rejoyce and that God whose communion was so sweet now through his sinning becomes so bitter and heavy c. 4. Because actuall dominion especially of great sins and over Actuall dominion is accompanied with great prejudice to divine glory a David is accompanied with great prejudice to Divine glory As they say of Fevers that they are usually worst in the strongest constitutions and of spots that they are usually the greatest blemishes in the fairest garments that we may say of sinnings the better the man is the more dishonorably foule his offendings are God loseth more honour in the eyes of the world by the slips of the good then by the wallowings of the bad evill men are hardned good men derided Satan and sin advanced and by all these God is infinitely dishonoured Therefore good reason hath David to pray Let them not have dominion over me Secondly Habituall Dominion But then in the Second place if we interpret the dominion Reasons of praying against habituall dominion here of an Habituall dominion of sin the reasons of prayer against sinne as in such a dominion are very strong and urgent 1. Habituall dominion decides the estate the question of a mans soul is whose servant he is whether he belong to God and Habituall dominion decides the estate Christ or to sin and Satan Now particular failings doe not determine this but the dominion of sin doth his servants we are whom we obey you know what the Apostle hath said Rom 6. 16. know ye not that to whom ye yield your selves servants to obey his servants ye are to whom ye obey whether of sin unto death or if obedience unto righteousnesse if sin doth rule and the sinner yields up his heart to the love and obedience of it he professeth thus much that Christ is not his Lord and the Law of Christ is not the law which he will obey as these Rebells spake of David what portion have we in the sonne of Jesse soe here the sinner I doe not belong to Christ sin is my Lord The servant of sin am I that is the thing which I have Chosen and that is it which I will serve Soe that on may without any scruple conclude that if sin hath dominion the man hath yet noe interest in Christ noe one degree of true grace he is a most wretched sinner sin is his Lord God is his enemy Hell is his portion unlesse he get from under this Dominion Secondly there is no Dominion in all the world so vile whither you consider it First In the commands of sin or Secondly Noe dominion so vile In the service of the sinner First The Commands The commands of sin are the vilest commands For The commands of sin are Illegall 1. They are Illegal any command which findes ground and title may be defended but sin hath no reason to command A condemned man loseth all command sin is the only thing which Gods law hath condemned And again it hath no title to the soul the soul owes not it self to it either by a natural or by a purchased subjection we owe a natural subjection to God because he made us A purchased subjection to Christ because he redeemed and bought us but sins commands are meerly usurped and Insolent 2. They are purely sinful all its edicts and desires are but Rebellions that a man should trangresse a righteous and supreme Purelly sinfull and good and holy law there is not any one thing which sin at any time commands but it is that which God forbids and which God will Judge the sinner for 3. They are extreamly unreasonable a command may be esteemed unreasonable either when one service runs contradictory Extremely unreasonable against another as to command aman to run and yet to stand so is it with sin it commands a man to such a service as is opposite in particulars for as all sin is opposite to grace soe some sins are opposite to others though not in the fountaine yet in the actings or a command may be estemed unreasonable when any service tends to the ruine of the obedient it were an unreasonable thing and unjust to command a man to run into the fire and burne himselfe but the commands of sin tend directly and intentionally to the destruction of the sinner sin injoynes a man much service and paines and all this is to dishonour God and to damne his owne soule Secondly the service The service of sin The service of sin it is the most disloyall service in respect of God renouncing him denying him his due and conferring it on his only enemy Is a disloyall service 2. It is the most injurious service to our souls 3. It is the basest service if a man did serve a dog or a toad An injurious service The basest service this were a vile abasing of himselfe but it is far baser to serve sin for those creatures have some goodnesse in them but sin is naturally bad Nay though we doe cry out at the devill as vile and base yet the Devil himself is better then sin for it is his sin only which makes him so base and he hath an absolute being which he owes to God but sin hath noe relation to God and it is that which imbaseth all beings 4. It is the drudgingest service A man who is a servant to sin he is at the command of every lust and is taken captive at its pleasure The most drudging service and there is noe hoe nor measure nor end all the day will not serve nor will the night satisfie an age of yeares is spent and when a mans strength doth faile him yet sin sets him to work still The cruelest Tyrant wearies himselfe sometimes by his unwearied commands but sin never relents nor spares Nay that which shewes the extremity of this vasilladge the sinner continues service there and then where he sees and knowes his misery he hath felt the fruites the bitter fruites of sinning yet sin still commandes and easily puts him upon the same service afresh soe that he often tyers his thoughts and spends his estate and consumes his strength and breakes his sleep and loseth his friends his God his soule his all to drudge at the Commandes of his owne base lusts 5. It is a most unprofitable service Though in some service there The most unprofitable service may be but an uncertain gaine yet in the service of sin there is a most certaine and greâ—t loss what profit had ye in those things whereof ye are now ashamed Rom. 6. 21. therefore sinnes are said to sowe the winde and to reap the whirl-winde they deale in vanities which shall not profit
and every sin is a lye let it pretend much yet it advantageth nothing Suppose a man had an estate worth 10000 li. and he should receive a baby for it tell me what he got O that precious soule of man which is more worth then a world is uttelry lost by sin what then doth the service of it profit him for what is a man profited saith our Saviour though he gaine the whole world if he lose his own soule thou Gets a little credit by thy sinning yea but whith whom And what is that whiles the great God doth disgrace thee and thine own conscience doth often shame thee Thou gets a little wealth by thy sinning yea but what is that Treasure of wickednesse but a Treasury of wrath against the day of wrath Thou gets a little pleasure by thy sinning yea but what are these short minutes of joy to those eternall nights of darknesse in which they must end and be swallowed up one fall breaks all the glasse to pieces and one anguish of conscience or peal of death blasts and sinkes all the vaine triumphings of a sinfull heart sin may pretend faire and promise much but the wages thereof i. that which thou must expect for thy service is death yea that death which is opposed to eternall life Rom. 6. vlt. 6. It is a most uncomfortable service How oft is the servant of A most uncomfortable service sin in the depths of feare and in the heights of trouble his very sinnings are more his torments then his joyes he is many times vexed with thoughts how to sin and afterwards he is hewed in his conscience for his sinning though he hath not grace to make him grieve yet he hath a conscience which can make him tremble the very surfeits of his sins do distaste his soul and make him of times weary of his very life he is ashamed of Company and dares not yet to be solitary The night is many times a terror unto him and the day renewes his anguish though the servant of sin in the transient flash of his spirit out-braves al counsell yet he doth ordinarily feel infinite gripes within either he is utterly unsensible of his misery which is one of the greatest judgements or he his sensible and then he feeles a Hell of horror for his lewd obedience Nay so exceedingly high do the distresses sometimes prevaile that he his forced to disparie of all mercy and thinking to ease himselfe of some flames greedily throwes away himselfe into the very gulfe of Hell-fire what shall I say more where sin hath the dominion over a person a man is a slave to the Devill and a servant to that which will vex him and wound him and damne him he never enjoyes himselfe nor shall he ever enjoy God unless that yoke of service be broken and therefore good reason hath any man to pray against the habituall dominion of sin SECT IV. THus for the explication now somthing for the Application Vses thereof unto our selves where first let me begin with inquirie Inquire whether sin have Dominion over us what thinke we of the dominion of sin within our soules You will say we trust there is noe such thing I Remember Object the Jewes said as much to Christ in a case not much unlike Sol. we are Abrahams seed said they we were never in Bondage Joh. 8. 33. But Christ replied verily verily I say unto you whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin v. 34. I will premise a few things at this time 1. No man living but he is borne a servant to sin sin is his Some things premised Noe man but is borne a servant to sin Lord before he can tell who is his Master sin requires not age to set on the crown but even in the very wombe doth it begin its reign and poysons and impaireth our whole nature therefore the Apostle saith that by nature we are the children of disobedience and wrath as well as others Ephesians 2. 2. it is the disposition and sway and bent of us to sin and to walke on in sin 2. It is an hard thing to get off the dominion of sinne Sin is a It is a hard thing to get off the dominion of sin strong man It hath possession and goes not out by entreaty or bribe but it must be by force by one that his stronger I assure you that the almighty God must reveal his own arme and he must cast down strong holds he must worke a kinde of a miracle or else sin will still be a Lord and the sinner will be a servant to his lusts A man may change any Master soever and with more ease then sin Thirdly it is very manifest that sin hath the dominion in many It is manifest that sin hath dominion in many as In those whom noe kind of arguments can turne from sin persons I will present unto you such instances which you shall confesse do evince so much 1. What thinke you hath not sin the dominion where noe kinde of arguments and dealings are able to disengage the heart and to turn it when no kindes of merciful Arguments and no kinds of just threatnings and no sense of bitternesse can yet discovenant and diservice the soul but still it holds the league keeps the agreement with sin now then how often hath God come to many persons and offered unto them his pardoning mercies the blood of Christ and eternal life if they would leave such a sin of drunkennesse such a sin of filthinesse such a sin of worldlinesse but unrighteous they were and unrighteous still they are and will be How often hath God set the point of the sword upon the breast of a sinner revealing his wrath threatning death and Hell if he will not leave the service of his sin nay scourged his estate for his sinning nay scourged his body nay his soul conscience and all this to renounce his sinfull Lord yet men hold fast their wickedness they yet give over themselves to sin with greediness they study how to fulfill their lusts and rejoyce when they have done evil doth not this shew that the heart is indeed indeared and totally emancipated by a strong and elective subjection unto sin What think you of such whose hearts cannot endure the Dominion In those who cannot endure the dominion of Jesus Christ of Jesus Christ and the service of righteousnesse it is even a tormenting slavery unto them even the imaginations thereof are so The Soule of a man cannot serve two Masters and there are but two of them upon which our service can be bestowed either sin or Christ the Apostle intimated as much Rom. 6. 16. Know ye not that to whom ye yeeld your selves servants to obey his servants â—â— are to whom you obey whither of sin unto death or of obedience unto righteousness so that these divide the soul if a man doth yield obedience unto righteousness he is then no servant of sin
if he yields obedience unto sin he is then noe servant of righteousnesse if he be an enemy to sin he is then a servant to righteousnesse If he be an enemy to righteousnesse he is then a servant of sin Yet many persons are enemies to righteousnesse we will not have this man to reigne over us said they in the Gospell they cannot endure the dominion of Christ either in his word or in his spirit The rules and precepts of the word are the cords which they will break asunder Psal 2. 3. They cast the laws of Christ behinde their backs and hate to be reformed Psal 50. 17. There is nothing more unacceptable to them then to serve the Lord Jesus Christ in holiness of heart and newnesse of spirit and righteousnesse of obedience In those who are still overcome of their lusts 3. What thinke you of those who are still overcome of their lusts and are willingly intangled The Apostle Peter Conjectures that sin hath dominion in such while they promise them liberty they themâ—elves are the servants of Corruption for of whom a man is overcome of the same is he brought in bondage 2. Peter 2. 19. There is a twofold overcoming of a person on is only in respect of the action Another is also in respect of the affection It cannot be denied but that even an holy man who is heartily the servant of Jesus Christ may be overcome in respect of particular action relapses are not impossible to him who is truly good and they may consist with though they do weaken and disconsolate the service of grace there is the same natural principle of sin in the best after repentance as before there is the same Satan to suggest and incline there may be the same occasions and provocations But then there is an overcoming in respect of assertion and this shews the dominion of sinne Now this overcoming is either when a man through policy forbears or else in passion seemes to bid defiance to his sin being either in sicknesse and apprehension of death or in pangs and distresse of conscience to which the Apostle seems to allude 2 Pet. 2. 22. the dogge is turned to his vomit again Now he cries out against sin and thinks he doth detest it heartily and will not for a world act the sin now yet when this tempest is off when the water growâ—â—ool when circumstances are free when the bitternesse either of death or cross or conscience is over and sin tempts and wooes him again he yeelds up himself he gives over his heart and affections he loves the sin and wallows in it as much â—s ever he turns from the holy Commandment as the Apostle speaks ver 21. all his good moods of holy profession and purpose are gone off and he is more entangled and renews his bondage with ardent and excessive delight even with greedinesse as the Apostle Paul speaks Eph. 4. Now if this be an argument of sins dominion viz. the willing and affectionate re-entring of our hearts to the service of sin then certainly many of us have just cause to feare and to suspect our selves who return with the dogge to the vomit and with the sow to the wallowing in the mire who not only are surprized in action but in affection nay and our affections are more eagerly carried to the sinning now then heretofore our mindes are more on them and our desires yea and the measures of sinning in the same kinde rise in an higher strength we are more mighty to drink more inglorious in swearing more unsatiable in earthliness more vaine in conversation more obstinate in our sinful courses against the reproofs of the Word the checks of our conscience the shame of men the fear of Hell and the hope of hâ—â—â—en we grow worse and worse c. Fourthly what think you of such who make choice of sin to be In those who makes choice of sin to be their Lord. the Lord whom they will serve There are but two sorts of people in the world viz. good and bad and both of them do chuse their Lords The good they choose the Lord to be their God Josh 24. And they choose the things which please him Esay 56. 4. And choose the way of truth Psal 119. 3. and choose the good part Luke 10. 42. The bad they also are said to choose their own ways Isa 66. 3. and evil Isa 65. 12. That in which God delights not yea and they are said not to choose the fear of the Lord when several things are propounded a man prefers this before that this is called an election or choice There is Christ and his way laid before the sinner and sin and its lusts laid before him now when he prefers the latter before the former he is said to make a choice which many do they do prefer their sinful lusts before the commands of Christ as appears in all the times of competition and in the courses of action yea and when they may go free yet with that Hebrew servant they will not for they love their Master Lastly what think you of many who love their sins love is that which bestows the soul and the service thereof the In those who love their sins whole strength of a man goes that way which his love goes for it is of a constraining and most serviceable nature Now there are many who do love sin there is as it were a conjugal match and union 'twixt their hearts and their sins and be sure of this that sin hath the whole man if it hath won the love of the heart A man may deceive himself about the dominion of sin 4. A person may possibly delude his own heart and deceive himself about the dominion of sin and therefore it is convenient to try our selves whether sinne hath not Dominion indeed There are many erroneous deceits Six deceits from The unsensiblenesse of its power 1. One is the unsensibleness of its power when a man feels no violence of sinful inclination no stirrings no opposition no commands but there is a calme and quietness in his spirit and in hiâ—â—ay which could not be as he thinks if sin had dominion anâ—â—â—e in him Now this is a deceit For 1. It is most probable that sin hath the strongest dominion where the heart is most unsensible of the Law and commands of sinne when the strong man keeps the house all is quiet said our Saviour where subjection is peaceable there dominion is in all likelihood most absolute and compleat Nay this is certain that where Christ sets up his Scepter which cast down the dominion of sin there is the greatest stirre the Law of the minde will warre against the Law of the members Rom. 7. 23. And the spirit will lust against the flesh Gal. 5. 17. 2. This unsensibleness and quietnesse may arise partly from the oneliness of sin and partly from the ignorance of a sinful condition and partly from the habitual custome
government of Christ they do consent unto him that he only shall rule them and they do resigne up themselves to his will they do bestow their hearts and service on him Beloved when a person makes choice of Christ to be his Lord he doth consider the several kinds of dominion of sin of the World of the Devil of Christ he considers them seriously and compares them and then he findes that no dominion for a mans soul is like Christs none so righteous and just none so holy and heavenly none so sweet and profitable Christ hath the only right to the soul and his government is infinitely best Now the person hereupon makes choice of Christ and comes unto him with humble tears and beseecheth him to reigne over him O blessed Jesus saith the soul thou art the only Lord and there is none like thee or besides thee I have been a rebel an enemy unto thee I have been disobedient and have served divers lusts and pleasures I have served the world and the Prince of darknesse but now I renounce their service and condemne my slavery and come unto thee to be my Lord. Thy title is just and proper to my soul it is thy purchase and therefore the service of it belongs to thee Thy precepts and commands are righteous and holy therefore doth thy servant make choice of thee and love them thou wouldst have my heart my will my affections my life and who should have them but thy self upon thee do I bestow my self and most gladly do I consent to thy holy wil and resigne up all the strength and powers of all that I am or have or can do to the service and honor of thee though sin rage yet I will serve thee though the world frown or fawne yet I will serve thee though Satan tempt yet I wiâ—l serve thee My heart I bestow on thee as well as my safeties my service I bestow on thee as well as my hopes thy honour I desire sincerely to intend my love I set on thee my fear is of thee my greatest care shall be to obey thy will and my only joy to bring thee glory such a choice of Christ to be our Lord infallibly argues that sin hath not dominion forasmuch as this cannot be without the change of the heart and whole man which change cannot consist with sinnes dominion 2. If sin and we be enemies then sinne is not our Lord. If sin and we be enemies Sin is an enemy Really Sin is an enemy two ways Either Really thus it is an enemy to him who yet dearly loves and faithfully serves it thouâ—h it gives unto a man the wages of unriâ—hteousnesse many sinful pleasures and many sinful profits yet in all these sin is an enemy to the person it woâ—ks his soul off from God and happinesse and holiness and exposeth it to death and hell Practically thus sin is an enemy when a man looks upon Practically it and deals with it as with an enemy he judgeth of it as of a viâ—e thinâ— and hates it and abhors it as the only evill thing and enemy to his soul Beloved when sin hath dominion there is then a confederacy 'twixt it and the soul the Prophet calls it a Covenant and the Apostle calls it a contract or espousâ—lâ— or marriage i. such an agreement and conjunction where the soul bestows its choicest love on sin But when the dominion of sinne goes off then the Covenant is broken the knot is dissolved the affection of love is displaced As it was in another case Amons love turned to the cruelest hatred so here though a man did love his sins yet now his love is changed into hatred and this hatred infallibly argues the indominion of sin for 1. Hatred includes separation It is such a quality as draws off Hatred includes separation the sou love is that which draws on the soul towards its object and hatred is that which draws it off Get thee hence said they in Esay 30. 22. and what have I to do any more with idol said Ephraim Hos 14. 8. Now sinnes dominion consists in the cleaving and united subjection of the affections the soul makes sin its centre unto which it wholly inclines it and the soul are one when sin reignes and therefore the separation of the affections which is done by hatred argues that the yoke is broken asunder 2. Again hatred includes perfect opposition the greatest defiance Hatred includes perfect opposition and contradictions and warrings arise from hatred we oppose and crosse most where we hate most And this cannot be where sinne hath dominion for there our weapons are edged for our lusts we love them much and defend them most and are careful to preserve and keepe them Thirdly hatred inclines to destruction Ruine is the scope Hatred inclines to destruction of hatred we seek the death of him whom we hate and all the evil which befals a person hated is the joy of him that hates So is it where sin is hated a man seeks the death of sin and therefore such persons as hate sinne are said in Scripture to mortifie the flesh and to crucifie â—heir lusts i. the killing and subduing and rooting out of sinne is that which they desire and endeavour Now this cannot stand with sin in dominion where a man is so far from offering any deadly violence to his reigning sins that he reputes him as the greatest enemy who drawes forth any crucifying weapons and applies them to the casting downe of his strong holds 3. If holiness or grace hath our love then sin hath not dominion over us If holinesse here our love Beloved it is granted that 1. The Dominion of sin may consist with the naked profession The dominion of sin may consist with the naked profession of holinesâ— of holinesse An hypocrite whose heart is in the deepest and most affectionate and elaborate service of some one particular lust he may yet wear the livery and garb and profession of greatest sanctity Nay he doth therefore seem good that he may the more inobservably and fully follow his sinne 2. The Dominion of sin may consist with the knowledge of holiness great parts and intellectual speculations of holinesse And with the knowledge of holinesse as they may depend upon forraigne causes without grace viz. upon meer study and frequent hearings and a natural desire of knowing and looking into all intelligible objects and also on an humour of pride that a man will be accounted able to say something in every thing I say as those intellectual parts may depend upon weak and vain causes so they may consist with an ardent love of reigning corruptions for learning alters not the nature nor doth more knowledge overthrow sin a man may be a learned sinner and by his knowledge grow more accurately and inexcusably sinfull 3. The Dominion of sin may consist with some visible actings And with some visible actings of holinesse of
division let something come unto the soule which makes a division sin will quickly lose its dominion It must be something may gaine the affections It must be something that must breed a strife Directions Look up to God and Christ 3. Againe It must be something which may gaine the affections it must be able to winn the heart to dispose of love and hatred for dominion is made or marred by one of them 4. Againe it must be something which may breed a stiffe and couragious resolution that the heart will not serve sin but will go free And hereupon against all inward and outward opposition breakes forth into the use of victorious meanes Now then the directions are these 1. If ever thou wouldest get down the dominion of sin thou must looke up to God and Christ they are able to disanull the covenant with sin and to subdue iniquities Rom. 8. 2. the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death looke as it must be a Rich mercy which pardons so it must be a mighty power which conquers sin why but what is it to the Lord to command thy heart home to himselfe to cast down the high imaginations and strong holds As Jehosaphat spake against those strong armies we know not what to doe yet our eyes are upon thee soe in the sense of thy naturall vileness and sinfull dominion O Lord I am bound I am in bondage I am dead in sins Lord I am unable to escape but thou art able to deliver O deliver my soule for thy mercies sake and subdue mine iniquities and shew forth thy power c who shall deliver me I thanke God through Jesus Christ Rom. 7. 24 25. Secondly because meer power doth not do it but power in a quality working through some quality Therefore beg of Beg the grace of Gods spirit God that he would give thee the grace of his spirit it is true that naked power takes not off the sinfull dominion nor doth the quality alone doe it but both can doe it If God gives a man grace and mightily asists and workes by and through that grace this now will beat downe â—he dominion of sinne The light though it be but a little at first yet asisted by a mighty principle of light shall conquer darknesse pride will have dominion till humility comes in Now then beg of God for grace for his holy spirit for another heart for a new heart and a new spirit Thirdly labour earnestly for faith if two things were done Labour for faith sin could not possibly continue in dominion viz. If Christ did rule in the soule If thy love were drawn off from sin But faith sets up the scepter of Christ it will know no Lord but Christ my Lord and my God said believing Thomas And faith turnes the love to Christ makes Christ the center of the heart O it represents such goodnesse such excellency such propriety such bounty such love in Christ as inflames the heart and knits it with love to Christ again Nay to add to all this faith bestowes the life on Christ too He died for me said faith I judge it therefore most reasonable that I should live to him Now where Christ comes to rule and hath love and life there sinne without all doubt looseth its dominion 4. Lastly take a couragious resolution we are held many times by our lusts through a faintnesse of spirit why we shall Take a couragious resolution never get down these sins and what will people say and we know not what to do Sol. Why up and be doing for what is past the Lord will mercifully pardon all of it if now the yoke be broken and be consident of this if thou art setting against thy sins thou doest that which God likes very well for he hath commanded thee it as a duty and hath set out meanes and promised his helpe and blessing Therefore stand not hovering and hammering were I best shall I shall I yet O no thy life lies upon this or thy death Therefore resolve on it to set against thy sins say this with thy selfe if I suffer sin to rule thus I perish for ever if I get off the dominion I live for ever if I continue in this sinfull estate I must bid God farwell and Christ farwell and heaven and all the comforts of my poor soul farwel I confess I may get a little pleasure by my sins a little profit by my sins but I am not sure to enjoy them one moment and why should I venture eternity of misery for one draught of sinful water If I could get off sins dominion O what a God might I look on plead with sue unto what a Saviour should I get what precious joys what heavenly consolations what peace here what hopes for hereafter well come of it what will though I have been sinful I will not still continue so to God will I come to Christ will I goe I will beseech them to have mercy upon me a sinner and to give me grace and to change my heart I will not serve my base lusts any longer I will never leave praying hearing reading studiing inquiring working till I be delivered from this bondage and translated into the glorious liberty of the sonnes of God Against actuall dominion Wherein actual dominion lies 2. Against Actuall dominion Thus for directions Against the natural dominion of sin Now I proceed to some helpes against actual dominion which is the particular prevalency of a sinne into act Let me premise a proposition or two and then you shall have the special directions themselves 1. Actual Dominion I speak in respect of grosse acts is usually in respect of some particular lusts which works with more strength in the soul then any other lusts Though it be most true that in every man there is an universal root of sinning yet you finde it in experience that the multitudes of sinful inclinations and thoughts and temptations run ordinarily in some peculiar way with most frequency and violence Secondly actual Dominion is ordinarily by such a sin which hath the advantage of a natural complexion and outward condition and occasions and affections upon these doth sinne set the temptation as an Enginer doth place his battery upon such a Simile piece of ground which doth best advantage and further his shot against a City A mans natural temper and complexion doth mightily facilitate his acts and a mans calling or condition of life may accidentally be a forcible perswasion to him to much infidelity and impatience and indirectness And occasions in conversing actively or passively have infinite baits in them and when our affections may run in some lawful measure and manner there sin takes occasion to tempt and prevaile with ease if we look not to it he may quickly be cast down by a sinful temptation who is already prepared thereunto by a sinful faction Therefore if
uprightnesse that now is an evennesse For our sins or impartiality of opposition To oppose a little sin and yet to close with a great sin to oppose many sins and yet to hold a knowne and a willing confederacy with any one to oppose sin in others and yet to act it our selves to oppose sin as open to the eye of man and yet to fall to it in secret where it is naked to the eye of God To oppose a sin to which constitution and age deny concurrence of delight or strength and yet to wallow in others agreeable to our complexions conditions and yeares to oppose the unprofitable sin which brings nothing in but paine and yet to admit of gainfull sins which come with rewards of divination in their hands to oppose any sin only because it is paineful and not because it is sinfull To oppose sin in our straits and not in our liberties in sicknesse and not in health when only we feare death and not at all under life and strength I say all these are but hypocrisies there is an unevennesse of the heart as was in Saul who spared the choisest and mortified the coursest of the cattle or as in Balaam who would have been happy in his death though a Curser of Gods people in respect of his own intention in this life I Confesse this to be true that uprightnesse is not the utter Annihilation of sin No that effect appertaines to glory and perfection above but it is the even and Impartiall opposition of sin of secret sins and of presumptious sins as David here in this Psalm of great and small in a word it is a conjunctive opposition of sin that is it carries the heart against all sin Psal 119. 1. Blessed are the undefiled in the way v. 3. They do no iniquity i their hearts are for no sin and the prime reason of all this opposition I say the prime and immediate reason is direct and not reflexive It is because sin is so opposite to God and not primarily because it it s so painfull in the event to the person 3. For duties here uprightnesse expresseth it selfe both for matter wherein it doth not shuffle and cut pick and chuse For duties take the lighter like the hypocriticall Pharisees and leave the heaviest to others but it makes a man to have with David Psal 119. 6. a respect to all Gods commands For the manner Any performance will not serve where the heart is upright David danceth before the Lord withal his might and Paul serveth God in his spirit That which came next to hand will serve Cain but Abel must present the best of the Cattle not the lame and the blind the best God shall have the best manner of service If I heare that sufficeth not unlesse it be with reverence and faith If I pray that sufficeth not unlesse with brokenness of heart humblenesse of spirit fervent affections and faith in Christ A meer tale of bricke will serve for Pharaoh though the Isralites reputed the service a bondage but when we bring offerings to the Temple they must be willing and of the best too 6. The last thing which I would observe in uprightnesse is its end and scope It s end and scope Beloved I pray you to remember that uprightnesse causeth a threefold reference of our services one is to Gods precept that 's the square and Rule and compasse of upright motions Another is to Gods glory that 's the spring which turnes the wheels the winde which blowes the sayles it is for Christ sake said Paul and whatsever yee do do all to the glory of God said he againe A third is to Gods acceptance and approbation so that God will accept and commend and approve 2. Cor. 5. 9. we labour that whither present or absent we may be accepted of him 2. Cor. 10. 18. Not he that commendeth himselfe is approved but whom the Lord commendeth More plaine and punctual is that of the same Apostle in Rom. 2. 29. He is a few which is one inwardly and circumcision is that of the heart in the spirit and not in the letter whose praise is not of men but of God The schoolmens observation is sound and true that a particular deficiency is sufficient to marre a good morally considered but an vniversall concurrence of circumstances is required to make the action good Look as in reading of Hebrew leave out but one tittle one point you mar the sense or as in a dosis of Physick leave out one ingredient you spoyle all Soe our actions if one circumstance be left out if the Right and genuine end be not eyed it is enough to blanch them with hypocrisie though for substance they may be commanded to pray and to give alms no man will question that these duties substantially considered are good and such which the upright person doth performe But then if a man prayes or gives almes to be seen of men Christ tells him that he playes the Hypocrite If in the performance of any piously externall duty we set our selves as the end if all these things be done and with very much fervency and Assiduity yet only to play the Merchants for our selves to make a bridge over to our own estimation to blow up our names This is but Hypocrisie and I fear a kind of Idolatry we fall down and worship our selves like the men of Shechem who would admit of circumcision shall not their cattle and all that they have be ours The like indifferentnesse may be found in men forward for outward duties shall not profit be ours preachers good opinion ours The Glory and Credite ours this is a gross Hypocrisie Now uprightnesse consists in this to devolve all the honor of holy services on God like the faithfull servant who workes painefully and speakes consideratly and all this for his Master or like the shadow which in the dyall moves from point to point and all this points upward to the sunne in it motions The humble heart knowes no fountaine but Gods grace and the upright heart knowes no end but Gods glory They distinguish of a double end One is finis opâ—ris the end of the work and that shall be our glory hereafter as the Apostle spake of faith the end of your faith the salvation of your souls 1 Pet. 1. 9. Another is finis operantis the end of the workman and that if the heart be upright is Gods glory for of him and through him and to him are all things to him be glory for ever Rom. 11. Yet by your favour this I must suggest by the way and perhaps shall handle it more copiously shortly that in a way of subordination an upright heart may do God good service and his glory no wrong if with all in its fit place and order and measure it cast an eye also on its own reward Moses had an eye to it Heb. 11. SECT II. Quest 2. NOw I proceed to a second question why we should
revealed and known duty to which his very heart doth not strive to obey yea and the ground of all this must be spirituall and not carnal from God and for God Assuredly these things are impossible to an evill man and he who is most good shall confesse it to be most hard to be plaine with God and to walke evenly before him 8. Lastly to be upright is a possible thing a man may attaine to be upright is a possible thing unto it Nay every good man doth attaine unto it Noah was upright and walked with God Abraham was upright before him David kept him from his sin and he did serve the Lord in uprightnesse of heart Hezekiah did so likewise Remember Lord that I have walked before thee in truth and with an upright heart Paul served God in all good conscience willing to live honestly in all things Though no man can say that he doth all that Gods commands require yet he may say he hath respect unto them all and though none can say he hath nothing in him or nothing is done by him which the law of God doth forbid yet he may say I hate every false way and search me O Lord if there be any way of wickednesse within me and this is uprightnesse Ob. But you will say if the case be so how may one know that he is indeed upright Sol. There are many discoveries of it I pray you to observe Discourses of uprightnesse them and try your selves by them let your consciences testify for you before the lord this day 1. If a man be upright he will mostly strive for an inward reformation of his heart There are two things which the upright person doth most look The upright man most strives for the inward reformation at his God and his heart The Hypocrites as our saviour testifies they are for the outside they wash the platters and the cups and beautifie the tombes like an adulteresse whose care is to paint and to set a faire face upon the matter all their care is to the eye of man how to be seen and hard how to be well thought on Now uprightnesse is mostly for the heart and spirit not that an upright person should or doth neglect the wel-ordering his life O no! as to neglect our hearts argues hypocrisie so to neglect our lives argues profanesse But the principle care of uprightnesse is the reformation of the heart though it lookes to the cleansing of the hand yet principally of the heart according to that of the Apostle Jam. 4. 8. Why brethren it well knowes that the heart is it which God looks for and lookes at the heart is it which God delights in if that be right and true he is pleased thou lovest truth in the inward parts Psa 51. the upright in heart are his delight David is full in this concerning his heart Psal 119. 10. with my whole heart have I sought thee v. 11. Thy word have I hid within my heart that I might not sinne against thee incline my heart unto thy testimonies and not unto covetousness Rom. 1. 9. God is my witness whom I serve with my spirit the heart of man is the fountaine of life or death and every thing is strongest in the heart and most dangerous sinne in the heart is worse then in the life i. when a mans heart is set upon his sin now Try your selves in this particular what care have you of your hearts what paines do you take with them you many times have humble looks yea but have you not still proud hearts you have many times contented words yea but have you not still impatient and discontented hearts you have many times heavenly discourse yea but have you not stil earthly and worldly hearts what doe you with them doe you not let your hearts still loose do you not give them way to be filled with wicked contemplations vaine imaginations filthy inclinations with envy malice unbeliefe or do you mourne under these do you strive to cleanse within is it not sufficient that your outward actions look well unlesse your hearts be made better O if this heart were holy If this heart were humble If this heart were heavenly If the heart were believing The hypocrite cares not though the thread be rotten if the colour or glosse be faire but the upright person he is more at substance then shew and hath more to doe with his heart then any thing he would have the law written not upon his tongue but upon his heart cleansed as well as his life beautified 2. If a man be upright then a little holiness will not serve his If a man be upright then a little holinesse will not serve his turne turne he is not contented with some measures but strives after perfection see this clearly delivered by the Apostle in Phil. 3. 12. Not as though I had already attained or were already perfect but I follow after if that I may apprehend that for which also I am apprehended of Jesus Christ v. 13. I count not my self to have apprehended but this one thing I doe forgetting those things which are behind and reaching forth unto those things which are before v. 14. I press then toward the mark for the price of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus v. 15. Let us therefore as many as be perfect be thus minded q. d. If you be upright thus will it be with you you will not be satisfied with small beginnings with received measures but you will reach on for farther conformity to Christ There is a difference twixt desires of holiness for it selfe and God and for our selves and ends An hypocrite could be content to have as much holinesse as would serve his turne his owne turne his owne ends as a tradesmen is willing to be at cost that his apprentice learne to writ and cipher so much and so long as he may be enabled to keep the accounts but he will not be at cost to teach him the excellency of writing or ciphering But now the upright person desires grace and holiness for God that glory may be brought unto him and out of an intrinsecall love of the beauties of holinesse and for the farther rooting out of sin And for the better Inabling to holy services his ends are publike and therefore a little serves not 3. If a man be upright then a man will walke by a right rule an upright man walks by an upright rule he orders his conversation and wayes according to the word of God A right ordering of all our actions by a right rule in a right way by right persons out of right principles for right ends this is uprightnesse 3. A person may know whither he be upright or no by the An upright person hath a conformable disposition of heart about all sins conscionable disposition of his heart about all sinnes Dâ—vid speaking of such who were undefiled Psal 119. 1. And sought the Lord with their
upright or hypocriticall in a double respect either first Really or secondly in opinion and fancy If a man be Really an hypocrite though in his proud opinion and fancy he will think himselfe to be upright I say to such a man that no one portion of that comfort before delivered belongs unto him sound comfort was never by God layd up for a false heart Again a man may be really upright and yet have a false opinion of himselfe that he is an hypocrite It is thus with the best that they oftimes both suspect and falsely charge the true estate of their souls a child in a distemper may question the inheritance which is intailed on him yet if the heart be truly upright all comfort is thy portion as our distrustful feares do not prejudice the reallity of the estate of grace so our frequent suspitions do not cut us off from the title and right of promised comforts 2. All prevalent disputes about our personall uprightness they do hold off the application and taste of comforts though they do not disanuall the title and right even the good man will walke uncomfortable so long as he concludes and strongly feares that his estate is sinful for sensible comfort riseth or falleth commeth on or goeth off according to the strength of our judgement and present apprehensions It is not what indeed our estate is but what we judge of it which breeds in us sensible comfort or discomfort a false heart may even break with a timpany of foolish joy upon an erring perswasion of his estate and so may a sound heart be very heavy and disconsolate upon an unsound misconstruction and judgeing of its true condition 3. there are sometimes which are very unapt for an upright person to sit upon his estate and to pass sentence the best soul hath divers changes and streits sometimes it is cleare and free and able to see things as they are other times it may be boystrous and perplexed and then it is apt to Judge of it selfe by feelings and new representations not according to secret truth and substance remember one thing times of conflict and aflictions and temptation are best for praying and worst for â—udging If a man wiâ—l at such times passe sentence on himselfe or estate as a judge he will judge uprighteous judgement for then the soul is not it selfe and is apt to take Satans workes for its owne pâ—oper accounts yea and then usually it will see nothing but what makes against it selfe In passions and temptations we neither see God aright nor our selves Fourthly we must never stand to that judgement which we pass upon our inward frame which is Irrational or without sufficient ground Look as we may appeale from all the sentence of our judgement which acts its selfe in time of passion as he did from Alexander to Alexander c. so neither must we vainely vex our hearts and dash out our uprightnesse when Simile this sentence is rather of imagination then of reason when a man thinkes and thinkes that he is not upright though all the evidences of uprightnesse appeare in him and when he cannot produca any one inherently distinguishing ground of an hypocrite in himselfe why this is but an imaginary judgement and utterly unreasonable this is to condemne the innocent without cause That soule will never be settled with comfort which gives way to its one imaginations and hath a conceit that every sinfull thought or violent temptation or more durable conflict with an inward corruption or frequent distractions in holy duties cannot stand with uprightnesse where a man hath either no grounds at all or those that he hath are false he should never settle so on them and yield and entertaine them as to question his estate for them or for them to shut off himselfe from comfort 5. If ever we would decide our uprightnesse and so take our parts in promised comforts we must follow the voyce of the word and subscribe to the sentence of conscience following that word Be sure of this that if the word will allow and warrant thy inward frame If it approves of it as sound assuredly it is so for that Rule cannot erre nor is divine judgement which is contained in the word capable of falsehold or deceit actively or passively If God saith thy heart is right with him maintaine it against all disputes whatsoever Yea and if thy conscience inlightned rectified and quickned by the word doth acquit thee for upright that now standing before the presence of the eternal God and all knowing judge it can say thus much for thee that though heretofore thou didst love and allow thy selfe in sins yet now thou hates all sin and there is no known way of wickednesse and that though heretofore thou didest shuffle and cut dealst falsly in covenant wouldest not obey in all things but now thou hast respect to all Gods commands and all out of a respect to Gods glory I say thou art an upright person though thy mis-giving fancy or judgement may give up to the contrary But may some troubled and mis-giving heart reply nay it Diverse cases about uprightnesse is not thus and thus with us sure we are that we are not upright and the grounds which make us thus to conclude are not imaginary but real true it is we do labour to abstaine from 1. Case Our abstinence from sin is out of feare of judgements and therefore I am not upright sin but this is out of a fear to God judgements and we confesse that we performe some or many duties but these are done out of a fear of Hell now none of this can consist with uprightnesss for asmuch as uprightnesse shuts out all dutie out of a pure love to God and not out of a base feare which may befal the vilest person what think you can the man be upright whose services depend on fear This is a notable case and craves a solemne resolution towards Answered Something 's granted All abstinence from sin is not an infallible testimony of uprightnesse which observe two things 1. Some things that must be granted v. g. 1. That all abstinence from sin is not an infallible testimony of uprightnesse forasmuch as there may be many arguments which may be sufficient to hold us in from the acting of sin yet which are not effectuall to strike of the love of sin shame of men love of estimation feare of death the accusation of a stinging conscience defect of occasions denial of opportunities may be cords to binde the hand and yet not be plaisters to heale the heart a man may deeply love that which he doth seldome act if his abstinence from sin be grounded only on private respects and not on a divine command and new nature I say that such an abstinence may befal a man whose heart is so far from uprightnesse that it may be either grosly profane or basely hypocriticall Not so much the naked absence as the grounds
from inequalities in holy service A third case in which a man may feare his uprightnesse may be some inequalities about holy services it goes thus sometimes a man findes his heart much inlarged in duties yet other times much contracted and straitned sometimes he is full of life and quick affections yet other times he feeles no active or lively disposition he can finde no minde or heart almost insomuch that either he can do little or nothing and what is done by him is but done all cheerfulnesse and quicknesse seems to fall off like the green leaves from the tree so that nothing but a meer naked carcase of duty is acted by him Now the case is whither a man may be reputed upright who many times finds himselfe thus in his services This is A case which ordinarily doth perplex many a good heart how cunning is Satan still to vex the soule if he can prevaile with us to omitt duty why then thou art plainely wicked if the soule be lesse free and compliant in the duty why then it is secretly hypocriticall thus he insnares us but to the resolution of the case thus Answered All inequality in holy service concludes not against uprightness First all inequalities in holy services do not conclude that a man is not upright Looke as the naturall life hath many spaces and as it were degrees of latitude a man may be able to run yet sometimes be scarse able to go these motions you wil say are unequall nevertheless the man lives both under the one and under the other so may it be with the spiritual life for it hath also its different and unequall spaces sometimes a man may do his services all in Joy other times all in teares sometimes his will is great and performances answerable other times his will is disposed but he cannot act in any proportion yet his heart lives uprightly in either Neverthelesse we must distinguish of inequalities in holy services Dinguish of inequalities there are two sorts of them Some arise from weaknesse of strength Others arise from falsenesse of heart You see a man sometimes able to move a weight of an hundred pounds at another time he is scarce able to lift a From weaknese of strength walk-ingstaffe why because his strength is failed and then no marvell that his actions vary so it may be with an upright man God is pleased sometimes to afford unto him a strong degree of heavenly assistance he clears his judgment inables his faith to apprehend and discerne quickens his affections restrains Satan puts downe the force of the inward contrarieties why at such a time the soule is mightily active in the power of received and conferred strength At another time the winde slackes and then no marvell the ship doth not post so fast the spirit bloweth when and where how he lists there is not always such a communication of actual strength and then our desires may be great but our performances will be unequall And this observe by the way that if the inequality depend only on weaknesse of strength there the heart still keeps its bent nay is most inwardly stirring in desires and propensions though it be not able to do the good that it would But there are also inequalities which arise from falseness of From falseness of heart heart As when a man hath an Ague which infects his humour or spirits or both he hath one good day and another bad day or as it is with a land-flood this hour posting in with such an high speed as if it would domineer over all the County and yet by and by it spends away it self there is no more of it to be seen so it may be with a man whose heart is false to God it may be with him thus he may have his moods his starts one while like those accompanying Christ and magnifying him with an Hosanna in the highest another while quite turned and crying out Crucisie Crucifie him So here one day or week who but God and what but duty not a Sermon missed not a prayer neglected yet on a sudden slow to hear careless to pray indifferent to any holy performance When inequalities arise from falseness of heart Now if the inequality arise from the falseness of heart and I pray you to observe this that it is ordinarily in three cases 1. When the performance was attempted meerly to compass some outward good a very Hypocrite may take much pains for his own ends of honour profit pleasure c. 2. When the performance was attempted meerly to remove some inward or outward evil as pangs of conscience within or shame and censure without 3. When the old lust is returned to new strength the bitterness of death is off or the like and now the heart returns to its former haunt and natural bent to the love and practise of such or such a sin which will easily beget and declare an inequality There are two sorts of inequalities about holy duties in duties for love and practise of sin will either make all duty to cease or any method of duty to stagger and change 2. Observe that there are two sorts of inequalities about holy services Some respect the Will and Actum elicitum as the Schoolmen speak the first springings of it its secret inclinings and motions Others respect the Exercise or Fact and Actum imperatum as they call it from these I infer two conclusions viz. 1. That inequalities of holy services in respect of the exercise or fact may consist with uprightness v. g. A man one day may The inequalities of holy services in respect of the exercise may consist with uprightness be able to find words more readily and abundantly in prayer and lively-hood in his affections then at another time and yet be truly upright Look as a Preacher may be able to study and to preach one day better then another and a Tradseman to follow his particular Calling yet both the one and the other be truly upright in their particular Calling so I say of the expressed and external acts which respect the course of our general Callings c 2. That intrinsecal inequalities those in the will and purposes Inequalities in the Will and purposes thereof argue defect of uprightness thereof argues defect of uprightness When a mans will is one while strongly purposed for duty and by and by it is totally bent and set for sin here the inequality doth depend upon the division of the heart which is Hypocrisie and falseness 3. Cheerfulness or uncheerfulness in the performance of duties Cheerfulness or uncheerfulness in duties are not infallible symptoms etiher way are not infallible symptoms either way By Cheerfulness I mean the liberty or freedom of the spirits and by uncheerfulness the sadness heaviness or dulness of them As it may be a day though the sun shine not nay as the sun doth keep on its natural course and motion under the
or all manner of sin which yet must not be taken simply but restrictively not all manner of sin in comparison of sin to the rule that forbids it for then the sin against the Holy Ghost should be remitted but all manner of sin in opposition to the sin against the Holy Ghost i. e. any sin that is pardonable all manner of sin First Whether you respect the several species of sin may be remitted Noah's drunkenness Abraham's lying David's Adultery Manasse's Idolatry Peters denial of Christ were remissible Secondly Whether you respect the many degrees and intentions of sin either in the multiplied iterations of sinful acts or in the accessory aggravations of them from the force of circumstances in time place person object end c. And that we may not doubt hereof a special instance is given Blasphemy what it is in a sin of deepest dye and desert viz. Blasphemy this also may be remitted The schools tells us it is such a sin as either detracts from God that which belongs unto him of right or fastens on God reproachfully and disgracefully that which is not convenient to so pure and sublime Essence and Majesty And the Scripture tells us that it wounds or strikes through the name of God Lev. 24. 16. nothing so dear to us as our name and reputation and therefore we are sensible of the least indignities which touch there God doth himself profess how tender and jealous he is of his name and glory it goes very near to the quick yet such is the Miracle of his gracious disposition that he hath mercy even for Blasphemy I was a Blasphemer saith Paul 1 Tim. 1. 13. but I obtained mercy Only know that Blasphemy here pardonable is not that which springs from malice and hatred after conviction but that of ignorance as Pauls's or of infirmitie as Peter's Secondly The quality of the act shall be forgiven No The quality of the Act. such word as that for a sinner his life and joy lies in it Some by these words understand 1. Certainty of pardon Thus Theophylact who holds the event so sure that there needs no repentance to obtain pardon for sins not committed against rhe Holy Ghost This erroneous opinion need the kindness of a large pardon 2. Desert of pardon Thus Origen l. 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. 3. Qui peccat in filium hominis venia dignus est quia videtur in ignorantiam decidisse there is some ground of Apology in this this opinion is not very unsound but not genuine 3. Facility of pardon thus Jansenius in Concord Evang-Remittetur non quasi cunctis hominibus remittetur sed quod facile remittetur there is not so much difficulty to get these as the other to be pardoned 4. Not Eventum infallibilem sed possibilem shall be forgiven i. e. they are such as are not excluded from hope and offer of pardon not that they are certainly remitted to all in the event or that they deserve pardon or that they are easily pardoned they do not contract a peremptory incapacity of Mercy but that they may and if repentance follow shall certainly be forgiven Thirdly The indesiniteness of the subject unto men not The indefiniteness of the subject a man guilty of any manner of sin except that against the Holy Ghost but such is the rich grace of the great Court of Mercy that he may take out his pardon Christ doth not say not one sin but All sin not all sin of one kind but all manner of sin all sin of any kind shall be forgiven not to one man but to any one unto men unto any one of the sons of men whence we may conclude this comfortable truth DOCTRINE There is a possibility of pardon to any sinner for any sin except the sin against the holy Ghost THat there is a possibility of pardon for any Sinner whatsoever and for any sin whatsoever to all men for all manner of sin except the sin against the holy Ghost Hence the infiniteness of Divine Mercy is in Mica 7. 19. compared to the depths of the sea The Ocean is of that vast capacity that it can swallow up the highest mountains as well as cover the lowest Mole-hill And Isa 44. 22. it is compared to the strength of the sun which can scatter the darkest clouds as well as consume the thinnest vapours There is in man a continual fountain of sin in God a continual fountain of Mercy Zac. 13. 1. still running yea there is in man multitude of sins which stream from that corrupt fountain and there is in God Multitudes of Mercies to heal and stop those various currents Psalm 51. 1. According to the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out mine offences In the prosecution of this Truth I shall speak to three things 1. The Explication of the terms 2. The demonstration of the Truth 3. The Application The explication of the terms Forgiveness described It is an Act of God 1. The Explication of the terms 1. Forgiveness of sin is a gracious act of God in and through-Christ discharging the believing and repenting sinner from the guilt and punishment of sin It is an Act of God The Donatists hold that man could forgive the sins of men and St. Austin chalengeth them for so bold an Assertion that in this they are worse then the Pharisees who maintained this truth Who can forgive sins but God Object It is true Christ committed to his Apostles a Ministerial Absolution in his Name and virtute officii to bind and lose sinnes Sol. But if we speak of an Authoritative Right and immediate Power thus only God forgives Life and death are only in the absolute power of the Supream Lord and because our sins are directly committed against his Justice therefore it belongs only to his Mercy to forgive 2. It is a gracious Act. No way deserved by the sinner A gracious Act. Gratia indebita liberata said St. Austin Hence in Scripture you find our forgiveness like a stream issuing out of rich Mercy Great love and the riches of Grace and the Prophet speaking of forgiveness usually adjoynes For thy Mercy sake for thine own sake intimating that forgiveness is a free Act not purchased but given not merited but granted There is I acknowledge A double graciousness in the discharge of an offendor One without any satisfaction at all I am much mistaken if Socinus and his Atheistical Complices run not this way Another is When the satisfaction of a surety is accepted for the principal debt In this respect is our forgiveness gracious not that Justice is not at all satisfied but that the offendor himself never satisfied it he is discharged by the price which a blessed Mediator laid down 3. Discharging the sinner of guilt and punishment There Discharging the sinner of guilt and punishment are two things in sin One is the stain pollution or defiling quality of it and this is the Object of Sanctification which
and others well observe they had but one ingredient to stave them off from being the sin against the Holy Ghost viz. Ignorance 1 Tim. 1. 13. he presents a brief survey of his great transgressions He was a Blasphemer i. one who did cast contumely and reproach on God and Christ whose nature was Divine and therefore every way venerable but he scoffed and mocked at Christ and his Truths He was a Persecutor too he did not only deride Châ—ist but endeavoured to exile and banish him out of the world to thrust him away from the society of sinners who in so great mercy came to save sinners Whereupon St. Austin judged well Nemo acrior Paulo inter Persecutores nemo ergo pejor inter peccatores Paul was the quickest persecutor and therefore the vilest sinner Nay and he was injurious he did not only exercise his thoughts and heart his tongue and invectives against Christ but his hand and strength he did consent to the death of persons for Christ To have a hand in blood is a crying sin but how heinous is it to have a hand in the blood of Christ to crucifie him afresh in his members yet saith he I obtained mercy A blasphemer yet I obtained mercy A Persecutor yet I obtained mercy Injurious yet I obtained mercy I will give you but one instance more out of 1 Cor. 6. 9. Neither fornicators nor Idolaters nor Adulterers not effeminate nor Abusers of themselves with mankind verse 10. Nor thieves nor covetous nor Drunkards nor Revilers nor Extortioners shall inherit the kingdom of God Here are some sinners which have destroyed a whole world and others which have started up hell on earth to devour sinners and all of them such as meritoriously shut the gate of happiness yet mercy hath stretched out the Scepter to some persons guilty of them Verse 11. And such were some of you but ye are washed but ye are sanctified but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God 3. The essential and natural disposition of God The Essential and natural disposition of God Mercy is not a quality extrinsecally imposed or acquired but intrinsecal and most natural and therefore exerciseable with freest facility and readiest constancy The eye is not weary with seeing nor God with pardoning because that is natural to the eye and this is to God This you know the power of any thing is answerable to the nature The nature of God is infinite and so is his power Omnipotente Medico nullus insanabilis occurrit languor saith Isidore Pelusiota And St. Austin Grave est quod habeo sed ad Omnipotentem fugio In Psal 51. Therefore is it that his Mercies are stiled Riches of mercies and multitudes of mercies and great mercies and compared to the depths of the sea Mic. 7. and to the strength of the sun Isa 44. and to the vastness of the heavens in comparison of the earth Isa 55. As Mercifulness is natural in him so is it gracious The Lord mercifull and gracious Exod. 34. If mercy were to be bought there were no hope for any sinner but being free now there is a possibility for any A sinner may plead for mercy even out of the goodness of mercy As it is dispâ—nsed graciously without desert on our part so likewise delightfully without repining on Gods part He delighteth in Mercy saith the Prophet Mic. 7. 18. It is a work that God would do Two things God delights in Our Conversion and our Remission 4. The vertue and sufficiency of the blood of Christ which was shed for the remission of sins Mat. 26. 28. that was The vertue and sufficiency of the blood of Christ one end to procure our pardon but for what sins that is not expressed because no sin is excluded you cannot say that Christ dyed only for small sins or only for great sins nay the offer of Christ to all sinners doth confirm it How can this offer be indefinite How can it be said Whosoever believes shall be saved unless you grant a possibility of mercy 5. The effects of mercy in the Creature which point to an infinite fulness in the Creator The vertue in the cause ever The effects of Mercy in the Creature exceeds that in the effect and according to the generality in the cause is the intention of the vertue in that cause If I discern any light in the beams I apprehend much more in the Sun If I feel any moisture in smaller drops I know there is much more in the large ocean All the mercy in the Creature is derivative and as so many beams and drops lead us to the infinite fulness of mercy in God the universal and prime fountain of all compassion God himself reasons from the compassion of a mother to her own and Christ tells us If we forgive those that trespass against us our heavenly Father will also forgive us our trespasses Surely if we must forgive seventy times God doth much more multiply forgivenesses 6. It is all one to the Lord to forgive great sins as well as small It is all one to God to forgive great as well as small sins Luke 7. 41. There was a Creditor which had two Debtors the one ought him 500. pence and the other 50. pence and when they had nothing to pay he frankly forgave them both There was a difference of the debt 50. and 500. one of them many hundred times exceeding the other the debts were different but the forgiveness was equal and the manner of forgiveness the easiness was alike both of them was frankly i freely readily forgiven Now I proceed to the application of all this Is there a Use possibility for the pardon of any sin Information 1. An impenitent sinner is utterly inexcusable who will continue in sin where so much grace doth abound I do confess that An impenitent sinner is utterly inexcusable many turn the grace of God into wantonness and because of the richness readiness of divine mercy therefore presume to add drunkenness to thirst giving the reins to all licentiousness and obduration of Spirit and why because God is mercifull But hear what the Apostle saith Rom. 2. Knowest thou not O man that the mercies of God should lead thee to Repentance but thou through the hardness and impenitency of thy heart treasurest unto thy self wrath against the day of wrath I pray you to remember 1. That the end of mercy is not confirmation in sin but a Reformation of sin There is mercy with thee therefore shalt thou be feared said David 2. That Mercy is the sweetest cord to draw us off from sin When God might justly doom a sinner yet he graciously presents his mercy to pardon him Loe yet there is mercy I beseech thee by the mercies of God to leave thy sins this is a melting argument 3. That Mercy is the strongest argument to draw men off from Sin The torments of hell cannot work
Hence doth this sin borrow its denomination against the Holy Ghost Now here I shall briefly open First How the Holy Ghost is taken Secondly What the Conviction by the Holy Ghost is 1. The Holy Ghost is sometime taken First Essentially How the Holy Ghost is taken for that one infinite indivisible independent Deity Secondly Personally as the third person in Trinity proceeding from the Father and the Son Thirdly Virtually In respect of Energy or operation and this Origen calls Proprietatem Loc. cit gratiae Aquinas bonum spirito appropriatum for though external operations be common to the Trinity yet the immediate manner of working is more common to one person then another as the work of Creation to the Father Redemption to the Son Illumination and Sanctification to the Holy Ghost Thus is the holy Ghost here considered in his proper operation viz. Conviction Secondly The operation or conviction of this person by the Holy Ghost consists in these particulars What this conviction is Objective Patifactio First The clear Revelation of Jesus Christ in the Gospel both in respect of Truth and Goodness of Truth that he is the true and only Son of God of Goodness that he is the Redeemer of the world and assured Saviour to Believers Secondly There is by the Holy Ghost wrought in them an Apprehension of all this by a supernatural illumination as in Heb. 6. 4. They were once inlightned not naturali lumine for by that of conscience every one is inlightned but lumine supernaturali by that of the Spirit Thirdly Not a sleighter apprehension but a more determinate Conviction so that they cannot deny the truth the light whereof shines with such clear beams upon the understanding The testimony of the conscience determinately assents with the testimony of the Spirit that this Revealed Gospel is indeed the Gospel of Christ and of salvation You know who I am and whence I come saith Christ to the Pharisees yea themselves professed so much because ye say we see therefore your sins remain John 9. Fourthly Nay yet undeniable Conviction is not all there is also some kind of approbation of those truths which the Apostle calls A tasting of the heavenly gift and a tasting of the good word of God and of the powers of the world to come A man may have a little taste of Honey so that he can say I know it is sweet and of wine that he can say it is comfortable In like manner they who sin this sin against the Holy Ghost may feel his operation not only in an objective revelation not only in a subjective apprehension not only in an undeniable conviction but also in some degree of approbation There may drop some effects from the truth imprinted upon the affections that the Conscience may be perswaded and give testimonie assuredly that these are the very truths of Christ All which is very evident in some of the Pharisees who had Christ revealed to them who did know and were convinced in their own hearts who Christ was and what his Doctrine was yet did they with inward malice break out against him and his Doctrine and in words poured the basest contumelies and blasphemies upon him and in their pertinacious workings did constantly persecute him even to the most reproachfull death of the Cross and all this against the clearest Convictions of the Holy Ghost in their own Consciences Thus for the nature of the Sin Consider the Irremissibleness The irremissibleness of this sin of it It shall not be forgiven unto men The Arrians Eunomians Macedonians and other Hereticks said the Holy Ghost was a Creature and the Object Photinians denied to him a real substance i. e. a Personality Vide Aug. Ep 50. ad Bonifacium Comitem Vide Athan. Tom. 1. in Ep. ad Serapionem p. 344. of this very Argument as Erasmus interprets it yet many of these repented if we believe Saint Austin and obtained pardon The same Father fitly removes this scruple by distinguishing between erroneous opinions concerning the Holy Ghost and this unpardonable blasphemy against the Holy Ghost It is one thing to mis-apprehend the Essence or personal subsistence and hereupon to pronounce according to the dark misconceits of the holy Ghost It is another thing to blaspheme Christ and his Gospel after clear conviction by the Holy Ghost this is the sin which shall not be forgiven Hence it is that this sin is called 1 John 5. 16. A sin unto death And H. b. 6. 4 6. A sin that casts a man into an impossibility of renewing And Heb. 10. 26. All sacrifice for this sin is taken away Which places strongly refell Concord Evan li. 2. de poenit c. 16. the errors of Jansenius and Bellarmine and other Papists who interpret this of the difficulty and the raâ—ity only of this remission not of the impossibility Quest Why is it that this sin shall never be forgiven Answ 1. It is not because the Holy Ghost is greater Why is it pardonable then the Son for there is not Major and Minor where every one is equal in Nature and Dignity 2. Nor is it because this sin is so intensively great that exceeds the absolute power of God to forgive it or the infinite Merits of Christ Omnipotenti Medico nullus insanabilis occurrit languor Isidore But the Reasons given are these First Because it is Repugnant to the immutable Statute and Decree of the Divine Will It is Gods absolute pleasure It is Gods absolute pleasure not to pardon it who of himself sets the extent of his Mercy and the bounds of his Justice Though he will be pleased to allow a possibility of Mercy to other sinners yet as a King for some facts will not allow an Offender his book so God is pleased here to deny Mercy This Reason is true but because it is of common equity to some other sins therefore further satisfaction may be sought Secondly It directly resists and repudiats the matter of pardon and remission viz. The blood of Christ If a Contrariatur per â—e gratiae remissionis Alex Aleâ— Tom. 2. q. 155. m. 6. It rejects the pardon Patient could be healed only by one Medicine and he did wilfully reject that it is impossible he should recover not that the medicine is not of vertue but that he wilfully rejects this virtual Medicine so here there is no other name under heaven by which we can be saved but only the name of Jesus Christ no plaister but the blood of Christ which yet this sinner despitefully rejects c. Thirdly It contemptuously and with a wilfull obstinacy resists that spirit which should apply this pardon and Remission He willingly resists the spirit who should apply the pardon Pardon cannot be obtained unless the Spirit apply it but here the sinner fights against the Spirit of God and despites the Spirit of Grace and will not permit any operation any saving operation of the Spirit to fasten
on the soul all fitness and disposition for pardon is from the Spirit who is here rejected Fourthly The constant order of operation in the Trinity He sins against the order of Operation of the Trinity suggests unto us the reason of the irremissibleness of this sin which order is alwaies by descent and not by regression If a man sin against the Father the Son hath an operation for the sinner if a man sin against the Son the Spirit hath an operation for the sinner in working upon his conscience and offering of Christ but if a man sin against this Spirit whether should he go or who is to present pardon To the Father he cannot go withour the Spirit to the Son he cannot go without the Spirit but the Spirit is by him rejected and despitefully scorned He that sins against the Holy Ghost sins against the whole Trinity the Fathers love the Sons death and the Spirits operation I know that Hierome saith this sin shall not Epist ad Marcellum Epist ad Bonifacium be forgiven Propter blasphemiam Augustine propter perseverantissiman cordis duritiem and the Schols Propter defectum excusabilitatis indignitatem and others quod qui sic peccant traduntur in reprobum sensum thus Hilary Athanasius and some of our modern Writers Use I. THE Uses from the explication of this high sin shall serve us both for first Information And secondly Information Caution Thirdly Direction First That the greatest illuminations in the understanding The greatest illuminations are not able of themselves to save a man and determinate convictions in the Conscience are not able of themselvs to save a man A person may have a deep insight in the Misteries of Heaven an ample apprehension of supernatural truths a large acquaintance with the Rules of Grace and life a yielding in his conscience to the revealed testimonies of the spirit concerning Christ and his Doctrine yet be so far from the assurance and possession of glory that he may be reprobated to the lowest gulf of misery and damnation for the damned Devils are invested with most general extent of objective knowledge and these here who sin against the Holy Ghost do participate of divine illumination even to the measure of approbation in the conscience touching the truth yet you see that their condition is utterly incompatible with the just hopes or expectation of happiness it is not capable of remission and therefore eternally desperate of salvation all which must be so understood by you not that spiritual illumination is not necessary but that it is not alone sufficient to save The strongest abilities of knowledge may only serve to purchase us a more learned and full damnation Secondly That greatest knowledge may be in a subject The greatest knowledge may be in a subject void of Grace and an enemy to it both deprived of the inexistence of sanctifying grace and also filled with bitterest enmity and malice against the truth of Grace I justly question whether any persons uncapable of Glory are convinced with more supernatural light then these who sin against the Holy Ghost yet sure I am none are more enraged Lyons against the innocency and simplicity of Holiness and true Grace then these A person may put on 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as the Apostle 2 Tim. 3. 5. speaks and yet his heart be void of the inward power of Godliness A dead man may be clothed with beautifull Garments and a heart utterly void of the life and quicknings 1. Privation of Holiness may yet be adorned with the fair robes and endowments of knowledge Nay Do but consult with the Records of the spirit in the Scripture and the examples of persons and attempts in all Ecclesiastical History you shall not only find knowledge divided from grace but oft-times makeing strongest oppositions against it None with-stood 2. Opposition Christ more then the learned Scribes and Pharisees none withstood Paul more then the learned Athenians Whom have we in our age more eager against the Doctrine of faith then the subtile Jesuite and against the independency and immobility of grace then the Arminian Dull and blind apprehensions are not so serviceable Engines for the execution of Diabolical malice the most advantagious servant that ever Satan had was a learned head and a graceless heart Abstract knowledge will easily blow up pride and pride will easily fire our malice and contempt and these will suddenly break out into our tongues with derision and persecution of Grace Thirdly That our greater knowledge without sanctifying Great knowledge without grace adds to misery Grace adds to our greater ruine and judgement This illation is most conspicuous in the subjects of this sin whose Judgement becomes the more heinous and inevitable because of the greatness of their illumination and conviction I know the schools deliver unto us several circumstances whereby a sin common with another in identity of nature is yet by the access of them variously altered but amongst all the intensive perfections of sinfull guilt this addition of knowledge is one excessively aggravating If ye were blind saith Christ Iohn 9. 41. ye should have no sin comparatively for measure but now you say we see therefore your sin remaineth An ignorant Offendor may have some plea and excuse but a willfull sinner is without all Pretext None shall find greater stripes then he who knows and doth not or he who sees to do but will not As the most practical Christian shall rise to the highest seat and Throne of happiness in heaven so the most illuminated sinner shall sink into the deepest dungeon of misery in hell Use II. NOW I come to Caution you have heard what this sin Caution is and you have heard the sad condition of this sinner that he may for ever despair to see the face of God! I dare not fasten the compleat guilt of this sin on any who hears me this day Only remember that of the Apostle Heb. 3. 12. Take heed brethren lest there be in any of you an evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God Take heed of Yet because this sin is possibly incident unto us who take upon us the profession of the Gospel it shall not prove I trust an unseasonable endeavour if I describe unto you some few steps by which the soul gradually descends unto the bottom of this damned impiety First Regardless receiving of the Gospel of Christ which Regardless receiving of the Gospel of Christ is done three wayes 1. When the Judgement hath no reverent estimations of God in Christ and of the Promises made in the blood of Christ or of the necessary conditions of the Covenant of Grace to be performed by us Secondly When the heart either in hearing or reading is without life and affections so that the Gospel draws not our love and joy and delight or any adhesion of the mind Paul tells us 2 Thes 2. 12. of some to
upright person the Lord is his God in Covenant p. 224 Uprightness intitles the person to the blessings of heaven and earth p. 225 Uprightness seasons all our conditions p. 226 Uprightness will be a good friend in death p. 227 I fear I am not upright Answered p. 228. Divers Cases about Uprightness p. 231 In case our abstinence from sin is out of fear of Judgement therefore not upright p. 231 W Weakness Great Weakness in the strongest Christian p. 80 Will. Three things appertain to the Will p. 109 There is a two-fold will ibid. There is a double concourse of the Wills consent to sin p. 111 World Hearts crucified to the world preserve uprightness p. 257 Be not peremptory for worldly ends p. 296 Work All the work of a Christian is not abroad p. 17 FINIS Courteous Reader These Books following are printed or sold by Adoniram Byfield at the three Bibles in Corn-hill next door to Popes-head Alley THE History of the Evangelicall Churches of the Valies of Piedmont containing a most exact Geographicall description of the place and a faithfull account of the Doctrine life and Preservation of the Ancient inhabitants together with a most naked and punctuall relation of the late bloody Massacre 1655. And a Narrative of all the following transactions to 1658. Justified partly by divers Ancient Manuscripts written many hundred yeares before Calvin or Luther by Samuel Monland Esq in fol. Divine Characters in two parts acutely distinguishing the moresecret and undiscerned differences between the hypocrite in his best dresse of seeming vertues and form of duties and the true Christian in his reall graces and sincere obedience by Mr. Samuel Crook in fol. A Commentary upon the three first Chapters of Genesis by that Reverend Divine Mr. John White late of Dorchester in fol. An Exposition upon Ezekiel by Mr. VVilliam Greenhill in 4o. The humble sinner resolved what he should do to be saved or faith in the Lord Jesus Christ the only way of salvation by Mr. Obadiah Sedgwick in 4o. The Riches of grace displayed in the offer and tender of salvation to poor sinners by Mr. Obadiah Sedgwick in 12o. The fountaine opened and the water of life flowing forth for the refreshing of thirstly sinners wherein is set out Christs earnest and gracious invitation of poor sinners to come unto the waters His complaining expostulation with the ingratitude and folly of those who neglect so great salvation His renewed Solicitation with all earnestness and the most perswasive Arguments to allure thirsty sinners to come to Christ by Mr. Obadiah Sedgwick in 4o. The Plain Doctrine of the Justification of a sinner in the sight of God justified by the God of Truth in his holy word and the cloud of witnesses in all ages wherein are handled the causes of the sinners Justification explained and applied in a plain doctrinal and familiar way for the Capacity and understanding of the weak and ignorant by Mr. Charls Chauncy in 4o. The Gospels Glory without prejudice to the Law shining forth in the glory of God the Father Son and Holy Ghost for the salvation of sinners who through Grace do believe by Richard Byfeild in 8o. A Declaration of the Faith and Order owned and practised in the Congregational Churches in England agreed upon and consented unto by their Elders and Messengers in their meeting at the Savoy in 4o. Habbakkuks prayer applyed to the Churches present occasion and Christs Counsel to the Church of Philadelphia very seasonable and usefull for these times by Mr. Samuel Balmford in 8o. A short Catechism by Mr. Obadiah Sedgwick Hidden Manna by Mr. Fenner in 12o. Safe Conduct or the Saints guidance to glory by Mr. Ralph Robinson in 4o. The Saints longing after their heavenly Country by Mr. Ralph Robinson in 4o. A Sermon at a Fast by Mr Nathaniel Ward in 4o. Moses his death a Sermon at the Funeral of Mr. Edward Bright Minister by Mr. Samuel Jacomb in 4o. A short and plain Catechism instructing a Learner of Christian Religion what he is to believe and what he is to practise by Mr. Samuel Jacomb in 8o. The Hipocritical Nation described with an Epistle prefixed by Mr. Samuel Jacomb in 4o. A Sermon of the baptizing of infants by Mr. Stephen Marshall in 4o. The unity of the Saints with Christ the head by Mr. Stephan Marshall There is now in the presse that long expected booke The Bowels of tender mercy Sealed in the everlasting Covenant by Mr. Obadiah Sedwick in fol.