whereupoÌ„ they gaue iudgement of death and executed the sentence But before his death he stil called for his frend Hernando Pisarro who was gone toward Spayne saying if he had beene here I should not so wrongfully be put to death And at the hower that he should die he was baptized by the Bishop How Ruminagui made insurrection in the Prouince of Quito and how the Gouernour went to Cusco Chap. 8. THe Captaine in whom Atabaliba had put in his life time a great trust as in the former Chapter is declared and how he fled from the battaile in Caxamalca with 5000. Indians He I say being in the Prouince of Quito gathered together al the Indians of Atabaliba and possessed himselfe of the estate of that Countrey compelling them to obay him as their right and only Lord. Atabaliba a litle before his death sent his brother Illescas to Quito to bring vnto him his children which Ruminagui most vnnaturally caused to be slayne When Atabaliba saw that of force hée should die hee earnestly desired certaine of his Captaines to see his body caried to the Prouince of Quito to be buried with his Father Guaynacaua the which requeste they faithfully performed and wheÌ„ the dead body was brought to Quito Ruminagui receiued it with great honour and buried him with his Father with great pompe and solemnitie accordinge to the custome of the Countrey and when the Funerals were ended he caused a great drunken Feast to be made in the which when the Captaines that had brought the dead body were throughly drunke hee commaunded them al to be slaine among whom was Illescas Brother to Atabaliba who had his skinne plucked of beinge aliue and with the same skin hee couered the endes of a Drum and his head hanging at the same Drumme In this meane while the Lord Marques Gouernour deuided all the Golde and Plate in Caxamalca and when he had so done he had aduice how one of Atabalibaes Captaines called Quixquix went vp anâ— downe in the countrey stirring the Indian People to insurrection whervpon he determined no longer to abide nor yet to tarry his coÌ„ming in the Valley of Xauxa hee also sent before him Captaine Sâ—to with certaine of his Horsemen and hee him selfe went in the Reregard In the Prouince of Viecasinga the Indians came sodainly vpon Captaine Soto in such sort that hée stoode in perrill of the ouerthrow foure of his men were slaine but the day beeing spent the night forced them to cease and to retire to the Mountaines The Gouernour hearing of this great daunger of Captaine Soto sent Don Diego de Almagro to suckcour him with certain Horsemen so that the next morning the Indians comming agayne to skirmish the Christians made as though they would fly to allure the enemies downe into the Playne out of the daunger of the high places from whence they did much hurt with their Slinges But the Indians suspectinge the pollicye of the Christians retired backe againe and kept their skirmishing neare the Wooddes not knowing of the succour which was come because of the great myst which did fall that morninge they could not discry their coÌ„ming by meane wherof the ChristiaÌ„s had the victory and slew many of the enemies Then came the Gouernour with the Reregard at whose comming came a brother of Guascar and Atabaliba who was chosen Inga or King of the Land by meane of their deathes hee had receiued the great Tassell which was as much as to saye as the Crowne of the Princely estate and was called Paulo Inga who certified the Gouernour how in the cittie of Cusco attended his coÌ„ming a great number of men of War with this newes hée letted not but procéeded forwarde by his ordinary Iorneyes vntill hee came in sight of the Cittie out of the which he saw assend a maruailous smoake by meane wherof hee iudged the Cittie to be on fier to the intent to preserue the same he sent with all spéede a company of Horsemen but they were no sooner comen neare the cittie when a great number of Indians came out to encounter with theÌ„ with slinges and sundry other sortes of weapons in such sort that the Spanyardes were glad with all haste possible to retire aboue the space of a longe League where they met with the Gouernour who vnderstandinge what had hapned sente from thence his two Bretherne Ihon and Gonsalo Pisarro with the most of the Horsemen who set vpon the enemies on the Mountaine side with such courage that they caused them to retire and in their flight slue many of them vntill the night compelled them to cease The Gouernour séeinge the good successe gathered his army togeather and the next day thinkinge to haue had resistance in his entrye into the Cittie hee found not one man to withstande him so that hee and his companye entered peaceably where hee aboade at pleasure Twentie daies after his abode in Cusco came newes how Quixquix had a great Army wherwith he did great hurt robbing spoyling in the Prouince of Conde suyo wherupon the Gouernour sent Captaine Soto with 50. Horsemen to disturbe his procéedinges whose comming béeing knowen to Quixquix hee durst not abide but with all spéede fledde toward Xauxa thinkinge there to finde some small company of the Christians whom hée might easely subdue who were such as had remained behinde to kéepe the Fardage and the Kings portion of treasure which was at the charge of Alonso Requelme Treasorer But the Spanyards hauing aduise of his pretence although they were but fewe who in effecte attended in Xauxa for the purpose aforesaid did so valyantly defende his enterprise that his desire tooke no place but rather was forced to passe forwarde the highe waye towardes Quito When the Gouernour had intelligence of y e dealings of Quixquix hée sent after him againe Captaine Soto with his company of Horsemen and after him hée sente his Bretherne who generally followed him aboue a hundred Leagues and coulde not ouertake him wherupon they returned agayne to Cusco where they had as great a praye of Golde and Plate as before they had in Caxamalca the which the Gouernour deuided amonge his Souldiers and began to inhabite the Cittie which was the head and Princely seate of all the whole countrey of Peru and so continued a long space among the Christians hée also deuided the Indian People among the new Inhabitantes which there determined to abide for there were many of his men that were not willing to remaine there but rather to returne into Spayne to enioy the Treasure which they had gotten both in Cusco and Caxamalca How Captayne Benalcasar went to the Conquest of Quito Chap. 9. HEre before in this History hath béene declared howe at the time when the Gouernour came into Peru hee inhabited the Cittie of Sainct Mighel in the Prouince of Tangarara neare vnto y e port of Tumbez for the only intent that such as should come froÌ„ Spaine might haue a sure and safe Roade or harbor
contrariwise if any chaunced to be with child theÌ„ she was put to her purgation by oth if she sware that she was gotten with child by the Sun then was she pardoned of death At the time of haruest when the Indians gathered in their corne called Maiz they vsed yerely to make a solemne feast and in y t fairest place of the towne they pitch into the ground two masts like soÌ„merpoles vpon the top of each they placed y e image of a man and the middle of the poales are trimmed with flowers Then come they in foure seueral companies w t their drummes and by the sound of their drummes they come also making a great noyse ech company throwing their wands at the images and after they haue so done then coÌ„meth the priest bringing an idol which they place at the foote of the poales before whoÌ„ they sacrifice either a man or a sheepe and with the bloud of either of them they annoynt the Idole This done they take the hart lights to search for their accustomed signes tokens And then they signifie therby vnto the people what shal happen vpon which newes the feaste is either pleasant or sad and all that day they spend in daunsing and drinking and in other pastimes which they vse with instruments of musick according to their maner w t their weapons in their hands which are hatchets clubs and such like The opinion which these Indians holde concerninge the resurrection Chap. 12. THe Cascikes of Peru al the principall persons in the Land they do vse to bury in vaultes sitting in chaires and haue vpon them and about them all their ritch clothing they were wont to burie also with them one or two of their wiues which were best beloued It hath happened about this poinct sometime the wiues to go to law to approoue which was best beloued and to auoide that discord the husband doth leaue determined before his death who was his best beloued they also buried aliue with him two or thrée boyes or Pages of seruice they layd also into the graue al his vessell of Golde and Siluer The effecte and meaninge hereof was that they beleeued to rise againe in another worlds and therfore they would not then be to séeke for such furniture or seruice So than when the Spanyards came to breake vp those Sepulchres for the gold plate that was in them the Indians besought them that they would not scatter y e bones because said they their bones béeinge togeather they shall more easely and with lessâ— paine rise againe The obsequies which their kinsfolke make for them is in this sort from the top of the Graue there goeth a pipe made of Cane that reacheth down into the mouth of the dead wherunto the kinsefolke do ofteÌ„ put into the drinke or beuaredge called Chicha they also make vpon their Graues the Image of the ded made of wood and other coÌ„mon folke hath the signe of their occupacion made vpoÌ„ their graues but the Souldier or man of War hath a remeÌ„brance according to his valiantnes Of the Origen of the Kings of Peru called Ingas Chap. 13. IN all the Prouinces of Peru were principall persons called in the Indian tongue Curacas which is as much to saye as Cascikes in the Iland spéeche because the Spanyardes which came to conquer in Peru had learned these names in the Iland of Santo Domingo Cuba Sainct Ihon and in Tierrafirme where they had dwelt so that at their first coÌ„ming thyther they vnderstood not the proper names of things in the Peru speach by meane wherof the Indians themselues at this day vse to name those things according to the Spanyards termes of speech and therfore they leaue from callinge their noble men Curaca and call them Cascikes and the corne or graine which they were wont to call Sara they called Maiz and the drinke which they called Asua they now call Cieha These noble men did maintaine their vassals in peace and quietnes in time of war they were their captains In this sorte they liued without any generall Prince throughout the land vntil such time as from the partes of Collao came from the great lake called Tiâ—icaca which is in circuite nere 80. Leagues certaine warlike persoÌ„s which were called Ingas they vsed to haue the here of their heads rounded heales in their eares wherat did hang round peeces of gold The eare in their language was called Ringrym The chéefest of this newcome people was called Sapalla Inga which is as much to saye as onely Lorde although some saye hee was called Inga Vira Cocha which is to saye the scumme or fatnes of the Sea for because they knew not the Origine from whence they came They beléeued that they were bred of the sayde great lake out of the which runneth a Riuer toward the East which in some places is halfe a league broad and this Riuer falleth into another litle lake 40. leagues distant froÌ„ the great lake and there consumeth without any other vent with great admiration of such as would consider how so great a Riuer should consume in so small a lake But the said lake is of such depth that they can finde no bottome Wherefore it is thought that by the inwarde bowels of the earth the water entreth into the Sea as â—oth the Riuer Alpheo in Greece This Ingas begaÌ„ first to inhabit the citty of Cusco from thence they conquâ—red brought into subiectioÌ„ al y e land their children successiuely inherited the Empire that is to say not the eldest son but rather the second brother is alwaies successiuely heire to his eldest brother wheÌ„ brethren waÌ„teth to inherit thaÌ„ the eldest son inheriteth The token or Crowne which those Princes vsed was a Tassel made of red wooll which was worne vpon their heds came down to their eies so y t when any gouernor was appointed to rule in any part of the realme thaÌ„ was deliuered vnto him one of the threds of the Kings tassal so y t with one of those simple threds hée was obayed and esteemed euen as though the persoÌ„ royal had bin present the like was neuer séene in any place of the world Nay moreouer I am bold to say y t the obedieÌ„ce of those people vnto their Prince was such that it hath happened one of those gouernors hauing but y e only thred froÌ„ his Prince béeing sent therwith hath slayne both men wemen of a whole Prouince without any greater power writing or coÌ„mission But when those poore subiectes saw y e thred they submitted them selues euen vnto death By succession of those Kinges Ingas the State came vnto one called Guaynacaua which is to say a ritch young man and hée it was that had gotten most couÌ„treyes to the augmenting of the estate hée was also a louer of Iustice and executed the same throughout his land and brought the countrey to pollicy tillage which was thought in those daies a
of the Letter which he had receiued and was on his way toward Peru arriued at Puerto Viejo where in effecte Don Diego after his arriual vnderstood the good successe and proceedings of the Gouernour and how hee had in his power maruailous treasure of Golde and Plate wherof accordinge to the articles of agréement made betweene them at the first beginning of the Discouery the one halfe was and did appertaine vnto him Hée nowe knowinge that the Gouernour had aduise of his comminge and the same to be done by his owne Secretary hée forthwith coÌ„maunded his Secretary to be hanged and with all his power procéeded on his Iorney till hee came where the Gouernour was in Caxamalca where hee found a great part of the raunsome of Atabaliba gathered togeather which was a strange sight both to him his company for they thought that in the whole world was not so much Golde and Siluer And the same day that the Saymaisâ—er had made his ensay of the Gold and Plate which belonged to the company The Golde onely did amount to one Million and eyght hundred thousand Poyzes yet the ensay was made verye slight for the Golde was of greater value the want of strong water was the defect so that the ensay was made two or thrée Carets baser than the finenes wherby the valuacioÌ„ was found 300000 Poyzes to litle And concerning the Plate the quantity was great so that the Emperours fifte parte amounted in fine Siluer 600000 Poyzes and yet in the same plate was Gold of thrée foure Carettes wherof the Emperour his parte was 300000 Poyzes euery Horseman had for his share 12000 Poyzes in fine Golde besides his part in Siluer and euery Footeman haâ— a quarter part lesse then the Horsemen Yet notwithstandinge this great treasure the one fifte parte of Atabalibas raunsome was not deliuered and because that Don Diego brought with him a great company of men there was alleaged y t vnto them did not appertaine any portion of the raunsome of Atabaliba for why they were not at the takinge of him prisoner yet the Gouernour commaunded to giue vnto euery of them a thousand poyzes toward their cost And determined to send his brother Hernando Pisarro to certifie the Emperour of his proceedings and good successe and because the true account was not yet perfectly knowen he sent vnto his maiestie 100000. poyzes in gold 20000. markes of plate contayning sixe ducates to euery marke out of the whole stock Which present was wrought in sundry sort of vessell according to the Indian vse whereof some were great vessels for water or wine called Tinages chafingdishes drummes shéepe figures of men and wemen all wrought in the forsayd mettall With the said portion Hernando Pisarro tooke shipping with great griefe of his departing froÌ„ Atabaliba who loued him excéedingly and also discouered vnto him much of his secretes and sayde vnto him at his leaue takinge O good captaine goe you now away Truely your departure is gréeuous vnto me for when you are gone I shal be slaine by this one eyed man and this he spake by Don Diego de Almagro who had but one eye as before hath beene declared Likewise he liked not the iesture of Alonso Requelme who was Treasorer for his maiestie And truely poore Atabaliba iudged right for as soone as Hernando Pisarro was departed his death was conspired by meane of his Interpreter who was named Philip and was so called because he had beene in Spayne with the Gouernour who most falsely accused his Prince saying y t hee was minded to murther secretly the Spaniards and for that purpose he had appoynted in secrete places a great number of Indians and where the information was made by y e mouth of Philip who interpreted the witnes sayinges according to his owne pleasure But the cause of his wicked dealing was not certainly knowen but it was iudged to â—e one of two causes which were the one was thought that he was in loue w t one of Atabalibas wiues thinkinge by his death to enioy his desire without peril of which his pretence Atabaliba had vnderstanding and therof had made complaint to the gouernor saying y t that shameles ascent greued him more theÌ„ his imprisonment or yet any other mishap y t might come vnto him although it were preseÌ„t death to sée so base a man his subiect enterprise such villany knowing y e great punishmeÌ„t in his couÌ„trey prepared for such an offence which was to burne aliue any that should attempt such things The man being an offender was not alone thus punished but also the woman her father mother brethren and kindred yea euen the cattel of the aduouterer and the town where he or she were borne was destroyed made vnhabitable the ground sowed with salt the trées cut down and the houses beaten flat with the ground other gréeuous punishments were deuised in remembrance of the offence Others held opinion that the chiefe cause of Atabaliba his deathâ— was the excéeding couetuosnes of Don Diego de Almagro and also of his men because it was told theÌ„ that they had no right to haue any share of al y e raunsome of Atabaliba which they thought vnpossible to be perfourmed although all the gold in the world were gathered together Upon which occasions the soldyars of Don Diego desired the death of Atabaliba saying that as long as hee should liue the Gouernors men would say that al y e gold which should come to their hands was his raunsome and they should not be partakers thereof But be it as may be they condeÌ„ned him to death wher at the poore Prince was not a litle amazed saying that he neuer thought nor imagined the things which were layd to his charge and for the verifying of the matter that it might please him to lay more Irons on him with greater garde or to cary him aboord one of their shippes til the trueth were thorowly knowen Hee sayd moreouer to the Gouernour and the chiefest of hys companye I know not for what cause yee doo iudge mee for a man of so small iudgement or to thinke that I would goe about to work treason considering how I am your prisoner and bound in Iron chaines and also if any of my people should but shew them selues for any such purpose yee might then with the least suspition strike my head from my shoulders And if ye thinke that any of my subiectes shoulde come to rescue me against my wil ye are also deceaued and know not what obedience my people beareth vnto me for against my will the fowles of the ayre shall not flee nor the leaues of the trees stirre All these allegations preuayled not nor yet to geue great gages for the life of y e basest Spanyard that should pearish in the land But sith it was thought among the Spaniards that it was not a lawfull cause to condemne him to death vpon suspicion they charged him with the death of his brother Guascar
one attired him selfe according to his possiblitie This countrey where the Zinamon groweth standeth vnder the Equinoctiall Lyne euen as the Ilandes of Maluco doth which also bringeth forth Zinamon which ordinarily is spente in Spayne and in other orientall partes How the inhabitantes of Chili began to conspire The Marques death Chap. 6. WHen Hernando Pisarro executed Don Diego de Almagro in the citie of Cusco hee sente a Sonne of his which he had begotteÌ„ of an Indian Woman to the citie of y e Kings whose name was also Don Diego de Almagro who was a vertuous younge man of great courage and well brought vp his chéefe exercise was to ride a horse well both after the Genet vse and warlike order in the which facultie hee prooued a gallaunt Horsman hee could also write and reade exceedinge well his Schoolemayster and Tutor was a Gentleman called Iuan de Herrada who had likewise the gouernment of his person The Father of this young man commended his Sonne vnto this man Now whan he was in the citie of the Kinges with his Pupill hee vsed greate conuersacion with such as he thought meete to bee of his parcialitie who were such as went waÌ„dring vp and downe in the Countrey without a guide as men lefte succourlesse and ouercome and none woulde entertaine them because they were with Don Diego de Almagro at the time of his ouerthrow Now Iuan de Herrada callinge to remembrance how Hernando Pisarro was gone into Spayne and his brother Gonsalo likewise gone into the countrey of Zinamon in discouery and hée also beeinge set at libertie by the Marques for vntill this time hee was as a Prisoner So that now the younge man and his Tutor began to prepare armour and other furniture of War in a readines meaning to reuenge his Fathers death the destruction which was made in his Fathers armie the remembrance wherof was as yet very fresh in minde although the Marques often times procured to haue them for his faithfull fréends but yet he could neuer bring his desire to effect wherupon hee tooke occasion to take from them certain Indians of seruice thinking by that meane they should not haue wherwithall to maintaine such as daily came vnto them but his pretence auayled not for they were so knitte togeather in league of freendship that all which they possessed was a thing common among them that which was gotten by play or stealth they brought to Iuan de Herrada his House as a common stocke to maintayne him withall so that dailye they multiplyed and furnished them selues with Armour yet not withstandinge there were many of the Marques freendes that gaue him warninge of their dooinge But hee not regarding their counsayle beeing a man of a gentle nature and condicion answered them saying that they should not encrease the sorrowe of the ouerthrowen men Alas quoth hee their greefe is great ynough to see themselues poore ouercomen and almost of all men abhorred Don Diego de Almagro and his companye beeinge assured of the playne meaninge of the Marques they became euery daye more shamelesse then other yea they letted not the cheefest of them to passe by the Marques in the streate without any submission or reuerence dooinge vnto him and also on a night they had tyed three Halters on the Picot which is a Piller wheron they vse to doo execution of hanginge in the Market place of euery cittie The one of those Halters was set towarde the Marques house and another towarde the house of his Liuetenant and the thirde toward the house of his Secretary Yet the Marques dissimuled all these dooinges excusinge them as men ouercome and without shame and therfore they vsed such practises But these longe sufferings made them a great deale the bolder so that from two hundred leagues distante came diuersâ— of the parcialitie which were tofore banished amonge whom they absolâ—tely conspired the Marques death and to bee Lorde of the Landeâ— as afterward followed Yet they stayed somewhat y e longer in the execution of their determination onely to heare some newes because they had vnderstanding that Captaine Diego de Aluarado â— was gone into Spayne to accuse Hernando Pisarro of his former proceedinges and how Hernando was for his offence apprehended and the cause earnestly followed they had also intelligence how his Maiestie had prouided the Lycenciat Vaca de Castro to come into Peru to make informacion of all the former successe but not to punishe the offences with such rygor as they expected Wherevpon leauing all delaies aside they foorthwith determined to execute their intended purpose although they had a great desire to se what Vaca de Castro woulde do saying that if this new Iudge do not as soone as hée commeth apprehend and put to death the Marquez that then they would murther them bothe together and for to haue more assured aduertisement they sent Don Alonso de Monte Mayor towarde Tumbez others in his companie Because there were certayn shippes arriued which came from Panama who brought newes how Vaca de Castro was preparyng his viage into Peru. Afterwarde it happened that when Vaca de Castro had inbarked him selfe in Panama the currant of the Sea being contrary draue him in sutch sorte to Léeward that he was forced to come on lande at the Ilande of Gorgona and to passe vp the Riuer of Sainct Iohn and by good happe came into the gouernacion of Benalcasar and from thence passed by lande into Peru as hereafter more particuler shalbe declared The men of Chili séeyng the delay in the comyng of Vaca de Castro they suspected that by their owne delay of their pretence intelligence might be geuen to him of their doynge and thereby bee an occasion of the losinge of all their liues So that they now were agréed to execute theyr intente as in this chapter folowinge shalbe declared How the Marquez his friendes gaue him a speciall warnyng of the order of the conspiracie of his death Chap. 7. IT was openly knowen in the Cittie of the Kinges how the men of Chili had conspyred the Marques his death many of his fréends giuing him warning thereof vnto whome he made aunswer saying that their heads should kéepe his so y t in fine he was carelesse of his enimies in such wise that oftentymes he would goe out of the Cittie to certayne Milles that he had a making with only his Lacky 〈◊〉 â—ttend vpoÌ„ him And to such as demaunded of him wâ—â— he had not a Garde to wayte vpon him he would say that he would not that men should thinke that he stoode in feare of the Lycenciate Vaca de Castro who was comming for to be Iudge against him Wherupon the men of Chili blewe abroade that Vaca de Castro was dead séeing that the Marquesse stood in such securitie of him selfe So that on a daye Iuan de Herrada went to visite him at his house with certayne of his parcialitie and founde him in his Garden where after certayne wordes