obtruded 105 3 Subsidies and 6 Fifteens granted 33. Subsidy and Fifteen granted Anno 1609. 84. Two Subsidies granted Anno 1620. 155. Synod at Dort 128 T Tirone comes over is pardon'd and civilly intreated 6 Gunpowder-Treason 38. Discovered by a Letter to the Lord Monteagle 30. The principal actors 28. The Traitors Executed 31. The Lord Monteagle the Discoverer of the Treason rewarded 3 Earl of Dorset Lord Treasurer dies suddenly 43. Earl of Salisbury made Lord Treasurer 43 Lord Treasurer question'd in Star Chamber 97. and fined 99 Two Lord Treasurers in one year 148 Lord Treasurer Craâ—fiâ—ld questioned in Parliament 278. His punishment 279 Turner murder'd by the Lord Sanquir 59 Mrs. Turner intimate with the Countess of Essex 57. In Love with Sir Arthur Manwaring ibid. Executed 82 U Sir Horatio Vere Commander of a Regiment sent to joyn with the United Princes in Germany 135. His Answer to the Marquess of Ansbach 139 Villers a Favourite 79. highly advanced 104. Rules all made Marquess of Buckingham Admiral and Master of the Horse 147. His Kindred advanced ibid. Commissioners for an Union betwixt England and Scotland appointed 27 Arguments pro and con about the Union Dis-union in the United Provinces by reason of Schism and Faction 118. the Authors thereof ib. forewarn'd of it by our King 119 Vorstius his Books burnt by the King 120 W Warwick his Character 162 Weston imployed in the poysoning of Sir Thomas Overbury 70 Tried and Executed 81 Weston and Conwey sent Ambassadors into Bohemia 133. Their Characters ib. Their Return 142 Arch-bishop Whitgift's Saying concerning King Iames at Hampton-Court Conference 8. His Character Dies when ibid. Sir Winwood's Remonstrance 120. and Protestation The End An. Reg. 1. An. Christi 1603 Secretary Cecil Proclaimed King Iames. The King comes to Theobalds Changes beget hopes A Conspiracy against the King A censure upon it The King and Queen Crowned Prince Henry made Knight of the Garter Reformation in the Church sought for Conference at Hampton Court Arch-Bishop Whitgift dies A Proclamation against Jesuits A Proclamation for Uniformity A Sermon against Ceremonies The fifth of August made Holyday The King and Queen ride through the City The Kings Speech to the Parliament Tobie Matthew The King proclaimed King of great Britain Commiss for an Union Roaring Boys The Gun-powder Treason Principal Actors 1604. An. Reg. 3. An. Christi 1605. A Letter to my Lord Monteagle The Parliament meet the 9. of Novemb. The King of Denmarks first coming The fifth of Novemb. made Holy-day Arguments about a Union An. Reg. 5. An. Christi 1607. The Kings Speech to the Parliament about the Union The Parliament declined the Union An. Reg. 6. An. Christi 1608. An. Reg. 7. An. Christi 1609. The death of the Earl of Dorset suddenly The Earl of Salisbury made Treasurer Salisbury and Northampton Sticklers for the King The High-Commission a grievance The Kings Speech to both Houses The Siege of Iuliers An. Reg. 8. An. Christi 1610. A Duel betwixt Sir Hatton Cheek and Sir Thomas Dutton A Proclamation against Jesuits Bancroft Arch-Bishop of Canterbury dies 7 Regis Masks in great esteem An. Reg. 9. An. Christi 1611. 1612. Made Viscount The Earl of Essex marries the Lady Frances Howard The Countess of Essex in love with Rochester She consults with Mistriss Turner And Forman about it The Earl of Essex gets his Wife to Chartley She comes again to Court The Lord Sanquir murthered a Fencer Is hanged Salisbury not pleased with the Viscounts greatness The Queen of Scots translated to Westminster The Palatints arrival 16. Octob. Prince Henry's death 6. Nov. His gallant spirit His Funeral Mourning laid aside Knights of the Garter made The Prince Palatine married to the Lady Elizabeth The Prince Palatine returns home with the Princess Rochester betrays Overbury The Countesses designs Northampton joyns with her Rob. Iohnstons Hist. of Scotland 〈…〉 The Countess divorsed from her Husband Mrs. Turner imployed to poyson Overbury Their poysons set a work Rochester made Earl of Somerset 4. Nov. married 5 Dec. following Feasted in London Overbury hears of the Marriage Writes to Somerset Somerset sends poysons in his Answers The Lieutenant betrays Overbury Overbury dies Northampton reviles him A. Reg. 12. An. Christi 1614. Northampton dies New-England described Planted first 1606. Somersets devices to get Money The Kings Bounty Gold raised A Parliament undertaken A Benevolence required The King of Denmarks second coming George Villers a favourite A. Reg. 13. An. Christi 1615. Somersets decline 1615. Weston and the rest tried Weston executed Mrs. Turner Sir Ierv Ellowis And Franklin The Countesses description in her death Somersets in his life A. Reg. 14. An. Christi 1616. Sir Francis Bacons Speech in Star-chamber Sir Thomas Monson arraigned The Lord Chief Justice blamed Peace every where The King think of a match for his Son Prince Charles The Lord Hays sent into France 6 lib. H. Hunt The Lord Hayes rides in state to the Court. The Chief Justice is humbled And short Character The Lord Chancellor retires Sir Ralph Winwood dies The Lord Treasurer questioned in Star-Chamber Cov. Lichf The King comes to the Star-Chamber A. Reg. 15. An. Christi 1617. Unstable spirits mutable The Arch-Bishop of Spalato comes into England Dies at Rome The King goes into Scotland The Book of Sports obtruded * His House in Edenburg so called Piety of the Lord Mayor of London Juggling of the Jesuits The Boy of Bilson Accuses a Woman to be a Witch She is condemned Bishop Morton gets her Reprieve The Bishop troubled for the Boy The Impostor discovered The King discovers many Impostors Sir Walter Rawleighs West-Indian Voyage The Design discovered to Gondemar Raleigh troubled Kemish kills himself Gondemar incenses the King against Raleigh 1618. He is committed to the Tower And Beheaded His character and description Disunion in the United Provinces Our King forewarns them of it An. 1611. The States answer Vorstius's Books burned by the King The States answer Sir Winwood's Protestation Our King writes to the States in 1613. And now in 1618. Barnevelt opposes the Pr. of Orange The Prince of Orange goes to Utrecht 25 Iuly Barnevelt's Sentence and death His Imployments A Synod at Dort A blazing Star The death of Queen Anne A short Character of the Queen An. Reg. 17. An. Christi 1619. Northumberland set at Liberty Stirs in Germany Anno 1617. 18 Aug. Doncaster Ambassador Weston and Conwey sent Amb. into Bohemia 1620. The Palatine proscribed An. Reg. 17. An. Christi 1619. Preparations for War An. Christi 1620. The march of the English into the Palatinate Spinola attempts to intercept the English The English joyn with the Princes Spinola and the Princes hunt one another A sad Fate upon Germany A sad story of Mr. Duncomb Bad success in Bohemia The King censuâ—ed The loss of his Son The King's Character Weston and Conwey return home The Princes of the Union submit to Ferdinand Mansfeldt vexeth the Emperor still Essex solicits our King for
this the passage to his entertainment The King strucken suddenly with such heaps asked the Treasurer what this money was for who told him he had received his Majesties Commands to give so much to the Viscount Rochester The King that either carelesly thought five thousand pound to be no more than the noise so much makes in Scotland which doth not amount to above five hundred pounds or cunningly if he knew the value knew also the Treasurers meaning said it was too much for one man and made him be contented with less than the half And now the King casts his thoughts towards Peterborough where his Mother lay whom he caused to be translated to a Magnificent Tomb at Westminster And somewhat suitable to her mind when she was living she had a translucent passage in the night through the City of London by multitudes of Torches The Tapers placed by the Tomb and the Altar in the Cathedral smoaking with them like an Offertory with all the Ceremonies and Voices their Quires and Copes could express attended by many Prelates and Nobles who payd this last Tribute to her memory This was accounted a Piaculous action of the Kings by many though some have not stuck to say That as Queen Elizabeth was willing to be rid of the Queen of Scots yet would not have it her action and being it could not be done without her command when it was done she renounced her own act So though the King was angry when he heard his Mother was taken away by a violent death recalling his Ambassador threatning War and making a great noise which was after calmed and closed up with a large Pension from the Queen yet he might well enough be pleased that such a spirit was layd as might have conjured up three Kingdoms against him For Patrick Grey that the King sent to disswade Queen Elizabeth from taking away his Mothers life was the greatest Instrument to perswade her to it Distilling always into her this Sentence Mortua non mordet When she is dead she cannot bite But the Love that tends to self-preservation is an adjunct of Nature more powerful than Filial duty and therefore there will be no great strife where there are not adequate operations This time was also presented unto us in a various dress and the event shewed though some years after there was more cause of Mourning than Rejoycing though the latter got the predominance For the Prince Elector Palatine came over into England to Marry the Kings only Daughter and Death deprived us of the Kings eldest Son A Prince as eminent in Nobleness as in Blood and having a spirit too full of life and splendour to be long shrouded in a cloud of flesh If that which gave life to his life had been less he might happily have lived longer Not that there was too much Oyl or that concurrent Natural Balsamum in this fair and well-composed Lamp to extinguish it self but the light that came from it might cast so radiant a lustre as by darkning others it came to lose the benefit of its own glory Iealousie is like fire that burns all before it and that fire is hot enough to dissolve all Bonds that tends to the diminution of a Crown The Prince of Spain his contemporary Son to Philip the second not long before this like a young Phaeton wished himself but one day in his Fathers Throne and he fell not long after into the hard hand of an immature fate before he could step into the Chariot So dangerous are the paths of Greatness that the tongue many times rouling aside makes men tread awry Strange Rumors are raised upon this sudden expiration of our Prince the disease being so violent that the combate with Nature in the strength of youth being almost nineteen years of age lasted not above five days Some say he was poysoned with a bunch of Grapes others attribute it to the venemous scent of a pair of Gloves presented to him the distemper lying for the most part in the head They that knew neither of these are strucken with fear and amazement as if they had tasted or felt the effects of those violences Private whisperings and suspicions of some new designs a foot broaching Prophetical terrors That a black CARLO D'AVSTRIA PRINCIPE DI SPAGNA Christmas would produce a bloody Lent For the Spaniard who opposed the marriage of the Prince Palatine and saw their ruin growing up in Prince Henries towardly Spirit were reputed vulgarly the Mint-masters of some horrid practices and that a Ship of Pocket Pistols was come out of Spain fit Instruments for a Massacre And these Trepidations were not only in the lower Region but wrought upwards so high that Proclamations were sent abroad to forbid the making or carrying of Pistols under a foot long in the Barrel And all Papists are not only dis-armed being ever esteemed Vassals to the Catholick King but their Actions with caution pried into In such dark clouds as these the whole Kingdom was at a loss all ordinary Transitions of Nature are imputed to prodigious Omens the greater the fears are the more blazing is the Meteor that arises from them Some that knew the bickerings betwixt the Prince and the Viscount muttered out dark Sentences that durst not look into the light especially Sir Iames Elphington who observing the Prince one day to be discontented with the Viscount offered to kill him but the Prince reproved him with a gallant Spirit saying If there were Cause he would do it himself Now whether these rumors begot a further scrutiny or whether it be the Court-trick to daub and slubber over things that may be perspicuous I know not But the Physicians about the Prince gave it under their hands which was spread abroad in several copies that he died of a strong malignant Feaver so are all violent dissolutions where Nature hath power of resistance that his Liver was pale and livid lead-like the Gall had no Gall but was full of wind the Spleen was unnaturally black and the Lungs in many places spotted with much corruption the Midriff or Diaphragma blackish and the Head in some places full of blood and in some places full of clear water Thus was he Anatomized to amuze the World and clear the suspicion of poyson as if no venoms could produce these effects He died the sixth of November and was carried on a Hearse Triumphing even in Death to Westminster the seventh of December following the pomp of the Funeral being fully compleated with the People tears and Lamentations But the King though he could not but be troubled to lose so near a part of himself looked over all these Mists and like the Sun dispelled all these Clouds and Vapours commanding no man should appear in the Court in mourning he would have nothing in his Eye to bring so sad a Message to his Heart The jollity feasting and magnificence of Christmas must not be laid down There were Princes and Nobles
and run home again from the Granadoes With these five Ships they daily attended the Armada of Spain and had they set upon them their Force divided one half being in Orinoque a hundred and fifty miles from them they in Trinidado had not only been indangered but all those in the River had also perished And though these five Ships with the General were but of little Defence against so strong a power as the King of Spain's Gallions yet they would have given them their hands full for they were all resolved to have burned and died by their sides But the Armada staid for them at Margarita by which Island they expected them to pass towards the Indies For the King unwilling to displease his Brother of Spain commanded Sir Walter Raleigh upon his Allegiance before he went out to set down under his hand the Country and the River which he was to enter the compleat number of his Men the burthen of his Ships and what Ordnance every Ship carried which being made known to the Count Gondemar the Spanish Ambassador here and by him in Post to the King of Spain A Dispatch was made by that King to the Indies and his Letters sent from Madrid before Sir Walter Raleigh with his Fleet departed out of the River Thames For the first Letter sent by a Bark of Advice was dated the 19th of March 1617. at Madrid The second Letter was sent by a Carvell to Diego de Palomeque at Trinidado The third Letter by the Bishop of Puerto Rico and the fourth was sent by the Farmer and Secretary of the Customs at the same time By that of the King's hand there was also a Commission for the speedy leavying of three thousand men and ten pieces of Ordnance to be sent from Puerto Rico for the defence of Guiana These Provisions were made to entertain the English and had they met them they would have found a harsh Banquet But the Spaniards at Saint Thome their Supplies being not come were not so numerous as to defend both the Town and the Passages to the Mines therefore they quitted the Town and fortified the way to the Mines near the Town But the Passages leading to the Mine that Kemish had in his Eye were Aspera fragosa as Sir Walter Raleigh exprest them and Kemish found the River so low that he could not approach the banks in most places near the Mine by a mile and where he found an ascent a Volley of Musquets came from the Woods and at one time slew two of the Rowers hurt six others and shot a valiant Gentleman Captain Thornhurst in the head of which he with great difficulty recovered Kemish seeing so much hazard in attempting to find the Mine the Passage to it being full of thick and impassable Woods and thinking the English that were left in the Town of Saint Thome would not be able to defend it especially if the Enemy should be recruited the Country being all in Alarum he gave over the Enterprise and returned For if he should have discovered the Mine he had no men as he pretended to work in it and being a great way up into the Land men would have been got thither with much danger and difficulty And that was true The Spaniards themselves complain for want of Negroes to work in their Mines for the Indians cannot be constrained by a Law of Charles the Fifth and the Spaniards will not neither can they endure the labour But this was ill advised to take so much pains and run so much hazard to get and possess that which when they had it they could not make use of it so that which Kemish pleaded when he returned for an excuse reflected upon him as a great miscarriage As soon as he came to Saint Thome the English pillaged the Town carried away the best and most portable things and the Enemy not daring to appear for the Redemption of it they set it a-fire leaving behind them an infinite masse of Treasure which either for want of knowledge or power they could not attain to For there were two Gold Mines near the Town the one possessed by Roderigo de Parama the other by Herman Frontino and a Silver Mine by Francisco Fashardo to preserve and fortifie which they imployed all their strength and industry so that they needed not have gone so far up the River to find a new Mine when they had so many nearer them that either ignorance or want of strength made them neglect The General with the news of the death of his Son and Kemishe's return without effecting his work was perplexed to the very soul telling Kemish he had undone him and wounded his credit with the King past recovery but he must think he told him to bear the weight of the King's anger as well as himself for he must a vow that Kemish knew the Mine and that with little loss he might have possessed it Kemish much troubled in his mind retires to his Cabin which he had in the General s Ship and presently after his being there he shot himself with a Pistol the General hearing the noise askt what Pistol it was Answer was made that Captain Kemish shot it off in his Cabin to cleanse it but Kemishe's man going into the Cabin found his Master lying in his own blood the Pistol having a little bullet did only crack the rib which being too slow for his fury he desperately thrust a knife in after it up to the haft and with him the Glory of the Voyage expired For the Design being thus broken the Ships leaky Victuals failing and missing of those golden showers they gaped after that Radical moisture which fills the veins of the affections and gives life and vigor to all actions some of the men began to mutiny against the General others were for him some would have him go home others would have him stay the major part forced him to swear not to go home but by their allowance and yet his Ships dwindled away one after another his strength was best discovered by his weakness ten Ships being reduced to four and those would do what they list Some would go for Italy some for France few for England fearing the Spanish Power there more than they did in the Indies Thus they were shatter'd in judgment with a greater Tempest than the Seas or Winds could produce Miserable is that Government where the Multitude is Master At last he is brought to Kinsale in Ireland The news of taking and burning St. Thome coming to Gondemar he besieges and as it were assaults the King with importunity for Reparation For he was a man not only of an insinuating and glosing spirit but of a violent and fiery temper when any cross accident blew up the humor The matter is aggravated with the highest circumstances by those of the Spanish Faction as if this irruption of Raleigh's not only tended to the breach of the Treaty of Marriage betwixt Prince Charles
defeat for the space of 2 years 143. and constrains him and the Duke of Bavaria to purchase their peace at a dear rate ib. comes into Brabant 216. his Souldiers mutiny by the way 217. comes into England 283. Forces raised for him ib. his design ruined ib. Masks in great esteâ—m 53 King of Spain intends not to conclude the Match betwixt the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain 116 Match between the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain treated of 143. who of the Nobility favourers thereof and who not 144 Match with Spain concluded in England 238. as likewise in Spain 247. Marriage Preparations in Spain for it 255. yet the Treaty dissolved Match with France thought of 257 A Treaty of Marriage with France 276 Michael and Mompesson questioned 155. their offence ibid. Mompesson flies Michael censured 158 Monjoy created Earl of Devonshire 6 Monson arraigned but his Trial laid aside 89 Lord Monteagle the Discoverer of the Powder-Treason rewarded 32 Montague Lord Treasurer 148. made Lord Treasurer Viscount Mandevile and Earl of Manchester afterwards Lord Privy Seal 149 N New-England describ'd 75. when first planted and by whom ib. Noblemen created 6 7 Nobility Petition the King 187 Northampton made Lord Privy Seal 43 He and Rochester plot Overburie's death why 66. assists the Countess of Essex in suing out a Divorce 67. engages the Lieutenant of the Tower in poysoning Overbury 70. reviles Overbury after his death 73. touched at heart and dies 74 Northumberland with others committed to the Tower 33. why 130. his marriage and Issue ib. is released out of Prison by intercession of his Son-in-law Viscount Doncaster ib. hardly drawn to take a Release from his hand ib. Rides through London in a Coach drawn by Eight horses ib. O Oath of Allegiance 51 Prince of Orange made Knight of the Garter 64. Death of Maurice Prince of Orange 286. Different carriage of two Princes of Orange ib. Overbury a great assistant of Viscount Rochester 66. opposes his marriage with the Countess of Essex ibid. Rochester and Northampton plot his death ibid. is betray'd by Rochester how 67. committed to the Tower ibid. Mistriss Turner imployed to poison him 70. Weston and Franklin imployed by her therein ib. the Lieutenant of the Tower like ingaged therein ibid. The poison set a work but the operation retarded and by what means 71. Overbury writes to Somerset 72. is betrayed by the Lieutenant of the Tower 73. dies and is scandaliz'd after death by Northampton ibid. Oxford gallantly accompanied goes to the Palatinate 136. his character 161. is committed to the Tower 191. his death 286. P Parliament declines the Union with Scotland 41 Parliament undertaken by Somerset 77. dissolved ibid. Parliament called An. 1620. 150. complies with the King 153 Parties in Parliament 161. Parliament adjourned 164. re-assembled 165. their Petition to the King 174. dissolved by Proclamation 190. Parliament summon'd An. 1623. 257. advises the King to break off the Treaâ—y with Spain 265. their Declaration 269. Petition against Recusants 272. a Catalogue of them taken notice of by it 276 Prince Elector Palatine comes into England 62. is made Knight of the Gartâ—r 64. married to the Lady Elizabeth ib. with whom he returns home 65. is Elected and Crowned King of Bohemia 132. sâ—nds to our King to excuse the suddenness of the acceptation of that Kingdom ib. is proscribed ib. is overcome in his General the Prince of Anbalt 141. Flies with his Queen ib. is censured ib. loss of his Son ib. His Character 142 March of the English into the Palatinate 136. Restitution of the Palatinate demanded by the Lord Digby 154 Piety of the Lord Mayor 106 Prince Henry installed Knight of the Garter 6. created Prince of Wales 52. slights the Countess of Essex 56 his death 62. and funeral 63 Prince of Spain his disaster 62 Prince Charles his Journey into Spain 225. His Attendants ib. He and Buckingham disguise themselves and change their names 225. questioned by the Mayor of Dover 225. pass through France where they have a view of the Princess Henrietta Mariâ— 226. Arrive at Madrid 227. The Prince rides in State to Court 228. His Royal Entertainment 129 Many of the English Nobility flock thither unto him 229. The Spaniards strive to pervert the Prince 229. So doth the Pope by his Letter 231. The Prince's Answer 233. A Dispensation thereupon dispatched to Madrid 235. Articles sworn to by the Prince the Match is concluded in Spain 247. New delaies sought out by the Spaniards 248. The Prince takes a resolution to return home 249. but takes a solemn Oath to solemnize the Marriage 251. After Gifts and Preseots on both sides leaves Madrid and comes to the Esourial ibid. The Description of it 252. The Prince is Feasted there 253. The King and Prince's Complements at parting 253. The Prince in danger by a Tempest 254 Proclamation against Jesuits 51. for uniformity in Religion 11. against New Buildings 48. Proclamation against talking sets peoples tongues a work 190 Protestant Religion in danger 171 Protestants in France providentially relieved by one that hated their Religion 247 Q Queen of Scots translated to Westminster 71 Queen Ann opposes Somerset why 78. Her Death her Character 129 R Rawleigh his Treason 4. his West-Indian Voyage 112. his Design discovered to Gondemar 113. The King by Gondemar incens'd against him 115. He is committed to the Tower 116. beheaded 117. His Character and description ibid. Recusants confin'd to their houses 51 Reformation in the Church fought after 7 Four Regiments sent into Holland 280 Duke of Richmond dies suddenly 257 Dutchess of Richmond her legend 258 Rochester rules all after the death of Prince Henry and Salisbury 65. with Northampton plots Overburie's death 66 S Earl of Salisbury made Lord Treasurer 43. not pleased with Rochester's greatness 91. Obstructs Five thousand pound given him by the King ibid. Lord Sanquir murders Turner a Fencer 59. for which he is hanged 60 Duke of Saxony executes the Imperial Ban 135 Satyrical Sermon 152 Say and Seal his Character 161 Sermon against Ceremonies 11 Somerset devises to get Money 76. undertakes a Parliament 80. opposed by the Queen 78 80. begins to decline 80. The King deserts him ib. He and his Countess seized 81. and Arraigned 82 Somerset's description in his life The Countess in her death 83 Southampton released out of the Tower 4. Restored to the right of Blood and Inheritance 6. His Character 161. Committed 191. He and his Son dies 284 King's Speech to the Parliament Anno 1603. 13. In the Star-Chamber 100. To the Parliament An. 1620. 153. Second Speech to the Lords 155. To the Parliament An. 1623. 259. Bacon's Speech in Star-Chamber 84 Spencer his Character 162. He and Arundel quarrel 163 Spinola forms an Army in Flanders 135. Strives to intercept the English in their March towards the Palatinate 137. Besieges Berghen ap Zome 216. Raises his Siege 218. Besieges Breda 280 Book of Sports
more Forces Obstructed by Gondemar Papists flourish Gondemar's power Prevails with both Sexes Buckingham rules all A Duel betwixt Compton and Bird. The Countess of Buck. rules her Son Buckingham a lover of Ladies The King calls a Parliament Sir Rob. Cotton Hen. 3. Jesuits swarm A Satyrical Sermon The Parliament meet the 20 Ian. The King's Speech to the Parliament The Parliament comply with the King Doncaster's Ambassy expensive He is feasted by the Pr. of Orange His short character Digby goes into Germ. The peoples grievances Mompesson and Michel actors in them The Parliaments goodness The King's Speech discanted on Buckingham Master of the Work Michel censured His Supplication Extortion and Bribery the Vices of the Times His censure His description and character Parties in Parliament Spencer and Arundel quarrel Arundel committed His Submission The Parliament adjourned The Commons Declaration The King pleased with it Dighie's return His Relation to the Parliament Seconded The King prevails not abroad nor at home The People and Parliament against the Match A Remonstrance of the House of Commons The King vext at it The Protestant Religion in danger Hicks and Fairfax The King's Letter to the Speaker The Parliaments Petition An humble Parliament And a Pious The King wanted money not advice An. Christi 1621. The King's Answer False play justly rewarded Wars good to prevent wars The King and People Competitors Discourses upon the Kings Answer The Parliament the Kings Merchants The higher House offended They Petition The King angry The Commons discontent Their Protestation The King's trouble increases The Parliament is dissolved A Proclamation against talking Oxford and Southampton committed Sir Ed. Cook in disgrace Some punished some preferred The King dishonoured abroad Car. Bandino Car. Lodâ—visio An. Reg. 20. An. Christi 1622. Lord Keeper's Letter to the Judges His Preferment Character and part of his Story Archbishop Abbat kills a Keeper Arminianisin flourished The King's Letter for regulating the Ministery Observations upon the Directions Papists the fomenters Regians and Republicans The King active in the Treaty The Articles of marriage long a setling Quo semel est imbuta Recens servabit odorem Testa diu Our King's Resolution Sent to Digby in Spain Spanish jugling Austrian jugling An. Reg. 20. An. Christi 1622. The King abused Digby faulty 2. Letter to Digby Gondemar 's Master-piece 3. Letter to Digby The Palat. lost The Palatinate a strong Countrey Our King satisfied of Spainesâ— good intentions Articles of Marriage The Pope extended this Article Habeat exiam Ecclesiam publicam Londini c. Holy Roman Ch. Spanish delusion The King of Spain's letter to Olivares Bergen besieged by Spinola The Battail of Fleury Brunswick's Arm shot off Spinola raises his Siege Buckingham's Medicine to cure the King 's melancholy The King's Choler His sanguine His Flegmatick Humor A Diet at Ratisbone 7 Ian. The opinion of the Protestant Princes The opinion of the Popish Princes The Reply of the Protestant Princes The Emperour's Reply The Elector of Saxony The Protestants answer Result of all The Prince's journey into Spain By Dover Paris Burdeaux At Madrid His Royal entertainment The English Nobility flock into Spain The Spanish strive to pervert the Prince So doth the Pope By his Letters The Pope's cunning The Prince's answer A fatal Letter The Dispensation comes to Madrid The Archbishops letter to the King against a Toleration Arguments for and against a Toleration An. Reg. 21. An. Christ. 1623. The Match concluded in England The Preamble to the Articles Private Articles sworn to Jesuits swarm Dispute publickly An. Reg. 20. An. chisti 1623. A great judgment or an unfortunate mishap Brunswick raises an Army Thier Order in Marching The General of the Horse falters So doth the Sergeant Major General Brunswick's Army defeated The condition of France The Match concluded in Spain The Palatine affairs waved New Resolutions on both sides Buckingham angry The Duke and Olivares quartel Gifts and presents on both sides The Prince leaves Madrid The Prince feasted there The King 's Prince's compliments parting The Prince in danger by a Tempest A demur upon the espousals The Prince comes to Court cold in his Spanish affections Preparation in Spain for the Marriage Spanish delaies retaliated Thoughts of a Match with France A Parliament Summoned The Duke of Richmond dies suddenly Of her Visitants The King's Speech to the Parliament The Bishop of Lincolns short Harangue Feb. 24. Buckinghams Relation to the Parliament The Duke highly esteemed Little deserved An. Reg. 21. An. Christi 1624. The Parliament advise the King to break the Treaties with Spain The King's Letter to Secretary Conway Conjectures on the King's Letter The King 's 2. speech to both Houses An. Reg. 22. An. Christi 1624. The Parliament close with the King Their Declaration The Treaties with Spain dissolved The Spanish Ambassadour accuses Buckingham of Treason Bristol sent toâ— the Tower The Parliaments Petition against Recusants The King prepared for it The Kings answers to the Parliaments Petitions 23. Apt. The King promises much performs little a swarm of Popery Herba mimosa The Lord Treasurer questioned in Parliament Harman's story The Lady Finch Viscountess of Maidstone Cruelty at Amboina The English accused of Treason The improbability of the Attempt by the English 1619 Mansfeldt goes into England Forces raised for him The design ruined The death of the Earl of Southampton and his son The death of the Marquess Hamilton The death of the King An. Christi 1625. The Death of Maurice Prince of Orange 23. Apr. 1625. The death of the Earl of Oxford The King patient in sickness Lamb a Witch Butler a Mountebank The Description of King Iames.
pay him with his Spanish Sarcasms and Scoffs saying My Lord I wish you a good Easter And you my Lord replied the Chancellor a good Passover For he could neither close with his English Buffoonry nor his Spanish Treaty which Gondemar knew though he was so wise as publickly to oppose neither In fine he was a fit Iewel to have beautified and adorned a flourishing Kingdom if his flaws had not disgraced the lustre that should have set him off William Viscount Sayand Sealem of the Court of Wardes etc Are to be sould by Iohn Hinde In this very time of Parliament when the King carried all things with a full sail the Pilots of the Commonwealth had an eye to the dangers that lay in the way for in both Houses the King had a strong Party especially in the House of Lords All the Courtiers and most of the Bishops steer'd by his Compass and the Princes presence who was a constant Member did cast an awe among many of them yet there were some gallant Spirits that aimed at the publick Liberty more then their own interest If any thing were spoken in the House that did in the least reflect upon the Government or touch as the Courtiers thought that Noli me tangere the Prerogative those that moved in it were snapt up by them though many times they met with stout encounters at their own Weapon among which the Principal were Henry Earl of Oxford Henry Earl of Southampton Robert Earl of Essex Robert Earl of Warwick the Lord Say the Lord Spencer and divers others that supported the Old English Honour and would not let it fall to the ground Oxford was of no reputation in his youth being very debauched and riotous and having no means maintained it by fordid and unworthy ways for his Father hopeless of Heirs in discontent with his Wife squandred away a Princely Estate but when she and his great Fortune were both gone he married a young Lady of the ancient family of the Trenthams by whom he had this young Lord and two Daughters she having a fortune of her own and industry with it after her Husband's death married her Daughters into two noble Families the Earl of Mountgomery married the one and the Lord Norris after Earl of Berk-shire married the other And finding her Son hopeless let him run his swing till he grew weary of it and thinking he could not be worse in other Countries than he had been in his own she sent him to travel to try if change of Air would change his Humour He was not abroad in France and Italy above three years and the freedoms and extravagancies there that are able to betray and insnare the greatest modesties put such a Bridle upon his inordinateness that look how much before he was decried for a mean and poor spirit so much had his noble and gallant comportment there gained that he came over refined in every esteem and such a Valuation was set upon his parts and merit that he married the Lady Diana Cecil Daughter to the Earl of Exeter one of the most eminent Beauties and Fortunes of the time Southampton though he were one of the King 's Privy Councel yet was he no great Courtier Salisbury kept him at a bay pinched him so by reason of his relation to old Essex that he never flourished much in his time nor was his spirit after him so smooth shod as to go always the Court pace but that now and then he would make a Carrier that was not very acceptable to them for he carried his business closely and slily and was rather an Adviser than an Actor Essex had ever an honest Heart and though Nature had not given him Eloquence he had a strong reason that did express him better his Countenance to those that knew him not appeared somewhat stern and solemn to intimates affable and gentle to the Females obligingly courteous and though unfortunate in some yet highly respected of most happily to vindicate the Vertue of the Sex The King never affected him whether from the bent of his Natural inclination to effeminate faces or whether from that instinct or secret Prediction that Divine fate often imprints in the apprehension whereby he did fore-see in him as it were a hand raised up against his Posterity may be a Notation not a determination But the King never liked him nor could he close with the Court. Warwick though he had all those excellent indowments of Body and fortune that gives splendor to a glorious Court yet he used it but as his Recreation for his Spirit aimed at more publick adventures planting Colonies in the Western World rather than himself in the King's favour his Brother Sir Henry Rich about this time made Baâ—on of Kensington and he had been in their youths two emulous Corrivals in the publick affections the one's browness being accounted a lovely sweetness transcending most men the other 's features and pleasant aspect equalled the most beautiful Women the younger having all the Dimensions of a Courtier laid all the Stock of his Fortune upon that Soil which after some years Patience came up with increase but the Elder could not so stoop to observances and thereby became his own Supporter Saye and Seale was a seriously subtil Peece and always averse to the Court ways something out of pertinaciousness his Temper and Constitution ballancing him altogether on that Side which was contrary to the Wind so that he seldom tackt about or went upright though he kept his Course steady in his own way a long time yet it appeared afterwards when the harshness of the humour was a little allayed by the sweet Refreshments of Court favours that those stern Comportments supposed natural might be mitigated and that indomitable Spirits by gentle usage may be tamed and brought to obedience Robert Earle of Warwicke and Lord Rich of Leeze etc. Henry Earle of Holland Baron of Kensington etc. â—â—ulâ— by Ruâ—â—â—â— Pâ—ake There were many other noble Patriots concentrique with these which like Jewels should be preserved and kept in the Cabinet of every man's memory being Ornaments for Posterity to put on but their Characters would make the line too long and the Bracelet too big to adorn this Story About this time Spencer was speaking something in the House that their great Ancestors did which displeased Arundel and he cuts him off short saying My Lord when these things you speak of were doing your Ancestors were keeping sheep twitting him with his Flocks which he took delight in Spencer instantly replied When my Ancestors as you say were keeping sheep your Ancestors were plotting Treason This hit Arundel home and it grew to some heat in the House whereupon they were separated and commanded both out of the House and the Lords began to consider of the offence There was much bandying by the Court Party to excuse the Earl of Arundel but the heat and rash part of it beginning with him laying such a brand upon a
Letter which happily he might think would quicken the Pope to dispatch the Dispensation when he should find so little cause for Delayes by his closing so nearly with him Which whether out of Policy or Real intention cannot be asserted but the Letter was thus MOst Holy Father I received the Dispatch from your Holiness with great content and with that Respect which the Piety and care wherewith your Holiness writes doth require It was an unspeakable pleasure to me to read the Generous Exploits of the King 's my Predecessors to whose Memory Posterity hath not given those praises and Elogies of Honour that were due to them I do believe that your Holiness hath set their Example before my Eyes to the end that I might imitate them in all my Actions for in truth they have often exposed their Estates and Liâ—es for the Exaltation of the Holy Chair And the â—ouâ—â—ge with which they have assaulted the Enemies of the Cross of Iesus Christ hath not been less then the Care and thought which I have to the end that the Peace and Intelligence which hath hitherto been wanting in Christendom might be bound with a bond of true concord for like as the common Enemy of Peace watcheth alwayes to put Hatred and Dissention between Christian Princes so I believe that the Glory of God requires that we should endeavour to unite them And I do not esteem it a greater Honour to be descended from so great Princes then to imitate them in the Zeal of their Piety In which it helps me very much to have known the Mind and Will of our Thrice Honoured Lord and Father and the Holy Intentions of his Catholick Majesty to give a happy Concurrence to so laudable a Design For it grieves him extreamly to see the great Evil that grows from the Division of Christian Princes which the Wisdom of your Holiness foresaw when it judged the Marriage which you pleased to design between the Infanta of Spain and my self to be necessary to procure so great a good For 't is very certain that I shall never be so extreamly affectionate to any thing in the World as to endeavour allyance with a Prince that hath the same apprehension of the true Religion with my self Therefore I intreat your Holiness to believe that I have been alwayes far from encouraging Novelties or to be a Partisan of any faction against the Catholick Apostolick Roman Religion But on the contrary I have sought all occassions to take away the suspicion that might rest upon me and that I will imploy my self for the Time to come to have but one Religion and one Faith seeing that we all believe in One Jesus Christ. Having resolved in my self to spare nothing that I may have in the World and to suffer all manner of Discommodities even to the hazarding of my estate and life for a thing so pleasing unto God It rests only that I thank your Holiness for the permission which you have been pleased to afford me and that I may pray God to give you a blessed Health here and his Glory after so much travel which your Holiness takes within his Church Signed CHARLES STUART It may well be a Quere Whether this profession of the Prince in suffering all discommodities even to the Hazarding of Estate and Life did not rest upon him at his Death as may be said hereafter But there is a long Race for him to run before he come to that End It seems he had either a good Will to write this Letter or a bad Council to indite it or both conjoyned that were as careful to please the Pope as they were hopeful it would never come to see the light till the flame of it would be too visible For if the Prince intended Really when he had power to introduce Popery into England this Letter in a bloody colour too apparently would have been discovered and if his intentions were formal and only to close with the Pope for his present accommodation how black would every Character of this letter look to the Roman Rubrick and what a Tincture of Scandal would it leave upon the true Religion for Fallere fallentem may be a fit Motto for a bad man not a good Christian so that whatsoever his Intentions were the Act was evill And I could suspect it is a forged Letter but that it hath been asserted by so many Authors both at home and abroad The Pope finding by this letter and some other private intimations the Princes good affections to the Roman See thought it high time to dally no longer but to draw him altogether with the Cords of Love therefore he dispatches the Dispensation to his Nuntio at Madrid six months after the Prince's arrival there with a little Bob at the Tail of it yet to amuse them Which was That the King of Great Britain and the Prince should give Caution to perform what was stipulated between them and the King of Spain especially in those Articles which were in favour of the Roman Catholicks in England and other his Majestie 's Dominions Requiring at least some Soveraign Catholick Prince should engage for them by oath This made some little demur for being sent into England the King answered That he could give no other Caution but his own and the Princes Royal Words and Oaths Confirmed by his Council of State and Exemplified under the great Seal of England But this would not satisfie Therefore the King of Spain undertook it and it was thought a Spanish Device That by undertaking such an engagement he might not only the more endear himself to the King of Great Britain and to the Prince his Brother but have a more colourable pretext to make War against England if the Roman Catholicks there had not full satisfaction and freedom according to the Articles and the King of Spain knowing or assureing himself that no Catholick Prince would take such an Oath offered himself to satisfie the Pope And a Committee of Ecclesiasticks in Spain were appointed to debate the Case in Relation to the King's conscience whether he might take such an Oath for them and they being doubtless resolved on it before concluded Affirmatively And that if the King of Great Britain and Prince should fail in the performance of these Capitulations the King of Spain might save his Oath by vindicating the Breach thereof upon them with his Sword And now this Monster-difficulty being overcome by the Spanish Bravery the very same time Articles that our King and Prince had signed as are before related were sent into England for our King and his privy Council to swear to and there was not a Rub left for either party to stumble at But whilst these things were in motion in Spain they were much regretted and badly resented in England The Spirit almost of the whole Nation being averse to this Union which made many vent their Passion by their Pens as well as their tongues Amongst the rest the Archbishop of
the violence of foul weather split in pieces Mansfeldt and some of his followers with difficulty escaping in her long Boat got aboard a Pink that brought him into England the Captain and the rest of the company attending the Ships fate were swallowed up in the Sea While Mansfeldt remained in England after some few nights he was lodged at Saint Iames's the Prince's house served and attended in great State by some of the King's Officers and feasted by divers of the Nobility with much magnificence In which time a Press went through the Kingdom for raising twelve thousand foot which with some Cavalry that Mansfeldt expected in Germany and France would make up the Body of a considerable Mansfeldt's design was to go into Germany through France and he had fair Promises from thence not only of admission to pass through the Country but assistance from it These 12000 were digested into Six Regiments The Collonels were the Earl of Lincoln The Lord Doncaster eldest Son to the Earl of Carlile The Lord Cromwel Sir Charles Rich Sir Iohn Burrows late Governour of Frankendale and Collonel Grey a Scotchman that had been an old German Commander one that affected Buff in the time of Peace and wore it in the face of the Court which the King seeing him in and a case of Pistols at his girdle which he never well liked of he told him merrily He was now so fortified that if he were but well victualled he would be impregnable Two Troops of Horse were also raised for this service the Earl of Lincoln had the command of the one and one Gunter an ordinary Horse-Rider was thought the fittest man to command the other as if none could command Horse but such as could make them curvet in a Riding-House And the Ignorance of these times shews that unpractical Reason cannot put forth itself to the height being bound up for want of Exercise for we set a Valuation and esteem upon German and French Horse when like them we knew not our own strength for there are not in the World a more gallant Cavalry both for the Activity of the Riders and Ability of the Horses than may be formed in England as experience hath lately demonstrated These being already in Kent for Transport about the beginning of February and Shipping provided the French began to falter in their Promises notwithstanding Our intimate Correspondence by the Treaty of Marriage agreed on pleading many inconveniencies in the passing of an Army through the Country and the more because Our Men were so unruly in Kent where some of them were tryed by Marshal-Law what would they be then in a strange Country These being but demurs not denials the whole Army is Shipped and put over to Callais to wait the French leisure but the charge of Shipping being above a hundred Sail that attended that service required more speed than their faint and sickly Promises did expedite for the French dallying with them and delaying them happily upon Design the Queen of France being then more affected to the Spanish and a less enemy to her blood and kindred than they have found her since after a long stay Mansfeldt was forced to leave the hopes of his French Horse and sail with his Army into Zealand There the Soldiers lay at the Ramkins a long time in their Ships not suffered to land for the States not dreaming of such a Body of men could not determine suddenly what to do with them besides the Inland waters being frozen Provisions would grow short for their own Army much more for them After some stay in Zealand they sailed up to Guertenberg in Brabant which Town being not well provided with Victuals they were not suffered to land but continuing on Shipboard the Ships stuffed and pestred with men wanting Meat and all manner of Necessaries such a Stench and Pestilence grew among them that they were thrown into the Sea by multitudes so that many hundreds if I may not say thousands beaten upon Shores had their bowels eaten out with Dogs and Swine to the Horror of the Beholders Those bodies that drive up near those Towns where the English were had great pits made for them wherein being thrown by heaps they were cover'd with earth but upon those shores where they were neglected as they were in many parts of Holland a great Contagion followed And of Mansfeldt's twelve thousand men scarce the moity landed This Winter Quarter at Rosendale was also fatal to the Earl of Southampton and the Lord Wriothsley his Son Being both sick there together of burning Feavers the violence of which distemper wrought most vigorously upon the heat of youth overcoming the Son first and the drooping Father having overcome the feaver departed from Rosendale with an intention to bring his Son's body into England but at Berghen ap Zome he dyed of a Lethargy in the view and presence of the Relator and were both in one small bark brought to Southampton PRAENOBIL Dê° HENRIC VRIOTHESLEY COMI SOUTHAMPTON BAR TITCHFEILDIAE ETC. Right Honourable and most noble HENRY Wriothsley Earle of Southampton Baron of Titchfeild Knight of the most nob Ord of the Garter The Marquess Hamilton died before Our King suspected to be poisoned the Symptoms being very presumptuous his head and body swelling to an excessive greatness the body being all over full of great blisters with variety of Colours the hair of his Head Eye-brows and Beard came off being touched and brought the Skin with them and there was a great Clamor of it about the Court so that Doctors were sent to view the Body but the matter was hudled up and little spoken of it only Doctor Eglisham a Scotch-man was something bitter against the Duke as if he had been the Author of it The Marquesses Son had a little before married the Earl of Denbigh's Daughter who was the Duke of Buckingham's Neece and yet this Tie could not oblige a friendship betwixt them because thee Marquess was averse to the Marriage This Distance and other Discontents occasioned some tumorous Discourses which reflected much upon the Duke but they never broke out in this King's time being bound up close as it was thought more by the Duke's Power than his Innocency And not long after him whether our King's care for his Grand-children or the hazard and danger of his own Person at home being ever full of fears or his ingagement in a War abroad being contrary to his very Nature or whether his full feeding and continual use of sweet Wines which he abundantly affected set the gross Humors a work or what other Accident caused his Distemper is uncertain but he fell sick of a Tertian Ague which is not dangerous in the Spring if we believe the Proverb and had some few fits of it After which he fell into a Feaver which was too violent for him A little before his Death he called for the Prince his Son who rising out of his bed something before day and
presenting himself before him the King rowsed up his Spirits and raised himself up as if he meant to speak to him but Nature being exhausted he had not Strength to express his Intentions but soon after expired Being upon Sunday morning the 27. of March 1625. at Theobalds in the nine and fiftieth year of his Age and the two and twentieth year compleat of his Reign And was buried at Westminster with great Solemnity the 7. of May following Not long after our King's Death as if the Time and Season as well as the Disease were Epidemical to Princes old Maurice the Prince of Orange died And his Brother Prince Henry being made General of the States Army put his Fortune into an unhappy Ballance which lost much of the Weight For either valuing his Soldiers lives less than his Brother or the loss of so brave a Town as Breda more or thinking to spring up with more Glory Phoenix-like from the ashes of his Brothers funerals being recruited with the Relicks of Mansfeldt's Army he set upon one of Spinola's strong Works at Terheiden either to relieve the Town or beat the Enemy out of his Trenches but he failed in both and lost many gallant Men especially English in the Enterprise The Earl of Oxford having the leading of the Van being a man Corpulent and heavy got such a sweltring heat in the service that though he came off without hurt from the enemy yet he brought Death along with him for he fell sick presently after went to the Hague and there dyed The other two gallant Collonels Essex and Willoughby survived to command two English Armies in a Civil-War Essex being General for the Paliament and Willoughby for the King in Kinton-field in Warwick-shire where Essex remained Victor the King being there in Person and leaving him the Honour of the Field his General Willoughby then Earl of Lindsey being slain in the Battel But there will be a long Tract of Time and Discourse before these Armies incounter being the first Cloud of that fiery exhalation which broke out in the next King's Reign and could not be quenched without the blood of many thousands of the Nation But Our King that was very much impatient in his Health was patient in his Sickness and Death Whether he had receibed any thing that extorted his Aguish Fits into a Feaver which might the sooner stupifie the Spirits and hasten his end cannot be asserted but the Countess of Buckingham who trafficked much with Mountebanks and whose Fame had no great savour had been tampering with him in the absence of the Doctoâ—s and had given him a Medicine to drink and laid a Plaster to his side which the King much complained of and they did rather exasperate his Distemper than allay it and these things were admitted by the insinuating persuasions of the Duke her Son who told the King they were appoved Medicines and would do him much good And though the Duke after strove to purge himself for this Application as having received both Medicine and Plaster from Doctor Remington at Dunmow in Essex who had often cured Agues and such Distempers with the same yet they were Arguments of a complicated kind not easie to unfold considering that whatsoever he received from the Doctor in the Countrey he might apply to the King what he pleased in the Court besides the Act it self though it had been the best Medicine in the World was a Daring not justisiable and some of the King's Physicians mutter'd against it others made a great noise and were forced to fly for it and though the still voice was quickly silenced by the Duke's power yet the Clamorous made so deep impressions that his Innocence could never wear them out And one of Buckingham's great provocations was thought to be his fear that the King being how weary of his too much greatness and power would set up Bristol his deadly enemy against him to pull him down And this Medicine was one of those 13 Articles that after were laid to his Charge in Parliament who may be misinformed but seldom accuse any upon false Rumor or bare Suggestion and therefore it will be a hard task for any man to excuse the King his Successor for dissolving that Parliament to preserve one thar was accused by them for poisoning his Father For Doctor Lamb a man of an infamous conversation having been arraigned for a Witch and found guilty of it at Worcester and arraigned for a Rape and found guilty of it at the Kings-Bench-Bar at Westminster yet escaped the stroak of Iustice for both by his favour in Court was much imployed by the Mother and the Son which generally the people took notice of and were so incensed against Lamb that finding him in the Streets in London in the year 1628. they roâ—e against him and with stones and slaves knockt out his Brains as may be more particularly â—elated in its due time And besides Lamb there was one Butler an Irishman which vaunted himself to be of the house of Ormond who was a kind of Montebank which the Duke and his Mother much consided in This Butler was first an Apprentice to a Cutler in London and before his time expired quitted his Master having a running head and went to the Barmudoes where he lived some time as a Servant in the Island and walking by the Sea-side with another of his Companions they found a great Mass of Ambergreece that the Seas bounty had cast up to them which they willingly concealed meaning to make their best Markets of it Butler being a subtle Snap wrought so with his Companion with promises of a share that he got the possession of it and in the next Dutch ship that arrived at the Barmudoes he shipt himself and his Commodities for Amsterdam where having sold his Bargain at a good Rate and made his credit with his fellow Venturer cheap enough ingrossing all to himself he came into England lived in a gallant and noble Equipage kept a great and free Table at his lodgings in the Strand which were furnished suitable to his Mind and had his Coach with six Horses and many footmen attending on him with as much State and Grandure as if his Greatness had been real But though his means lasted not to support this long yet it brought him into great acquaintance and being Pragmatical in tongue and having an active pate he fell to some Distillations and other odd extracting practices which kept him a float and some men thought he had gotten the long-dreamed-after Philosopher's Stone but the best Recipe which he had to maintain his Greatness after his Amber money fumed and vapoured away was suspected to come from his friends at White-Hall And the Story of his Death if it be true is one great Evidence of some secret Machination betwixt the Duke and him that the Duke was willing to be rid of him For Mischief being an ingrosser is Unsecure and Unsatisfyed When their Wares are to