therefore commaunded that they should not marry together hee dyed in the third yeere of his popedome Boniface the 5. appoynted holy places sanctuaries for theeues murderers levvd persons he sate in the sea 5. yeeres Honorius borne in Campania is commended for his diligence and care in building of Churches in his time Mahomet began to spread his religion in Turkie He died continuing in his Popedome eleuen yeeres Zepherinus the 2 was confirmed pope in the name of Heraclius the Emperor by Isacius his Lieuetenant in Italy who brake into the Church treasury tooke avvay the riches therof at this time the Zarazens wone from the Romains diuers kingdoms by reason of Mahomets power Zepherinus dyed ann 636. Iohn the 4. died ruling scarce 2. yeeres Theodorus the first a Grecian builded many Churches in Rome golden shrines for Saints he forbid that mariage made after a single vow should be broken hee depriued Pyrrhus byshop of Constantinople for heresie and dyed 646. Martin the 1. coÌ„maunded Priests to shaue theyr heads he deposed Paule Patriarch of CoÌ„stantinople who being bound in chaines was brought to Constantinople by the Emperor CoÌ„stantinus where he died miserably this Pope dyed an 656. Eugenius the first was much commended for the gouernment of his life hee first decreed that Bishops shoulde haue prisons for the punishment of theyr Priests 662. Vitellianus was an excellent Musitian and brought singing Organs into the church he died 669. Theodatus the second a Romaine of a Monke was made Pope he died 675. Donus the first beautified Saint Peters Church with pillars and made subiect to Rome the Church of Rauenna Theodotus the Archbishop thereof agreeing thereto which Church was called Alliocephalis hee dyed an 679. Agatho the first commaunded the Popes decrees should be esteemed for as canonicall and authenticall as the vvritings of the Apostles he died of the pestilence an 684. Leo the second was a very learned Monk and skilfull in musick hee died in the ende of his tenth month 685. Benedictus the second vvas the first that tooke vpon him to be called Christs Vicar vpon earth he liued in the seat 10. monthes Iohn the fift tooke consecration of three Bishoppes Hostia Portua and Veliterne which custome he appoynted to bee kept of his successors he dyed 687. Conon a Thracian beeing established fell sicke and dyed 689. Sergius the first an Assyrian borne he added Agnus dei to the Masse he died 701. Iohn the 6. a Germaine in the time of famine and vvar nourished a great number of poore men with releefe beeing indeede the worthiest of al Popes for such almes-deeds and redeemed diuers prisoners and captiues from bondage he was onely elected Pope because of Sergius adultery and not confirmed Sergius beeing afterward restored againe hee therefore is not reckoned among the Popes Iohn the seuenth a Grecian beautified the Churches and dyed 707. Sozimus the second was so sore sick of the Gowte that he dyed in 20. dayes Naucletus writeth that he was poisoned by Dioscorus who contended with him Constantine the first was the first that euer offered his Soueraigne his foote to kisse hee cursed the Emperour Philippus and all hys coyne and mooued Anastasius to depose him and put out his eyes VVhen Kimredus and Offa two Kings of the English Saxons for their pleasures came a voyage to Rome beeing there thys pope made them forsake their kingdomes become Monks he dyed ann 715. Gregory the second mooued the subiects of the Emperour Leo to rebellion because theyr Images were taken away hee caused Spayne Luguria and Italy to reuolt from him and in the end he excommunicated deposed him thus the Empire of the East lost their title in Italy Gregory died 731. Gregory the 3. vvrit to Boniface an Englishman that the priests ought to haue shauen crownes to pray for the dead to offer sacrifice for them he dyed 742. Zacharias was the first that gaue golden Coapes decked vvith pearles and stones to Churches he commaunded that Gossips in no wise should marry together hee was the first that atteÌ„pted to release subiects of theyr allegeance for Pipinus sonne of the bastard Charles Martell obtained of this pope that hee would depose Childericus from the crowne of Fraunce and giue it him and hys heyres He forced him to become a Monke he changed Lachis king of Lombardie Carolorianus others from their royal estate and made them become Monks hee dyed â—vhen he had raigned 10. yeres an 752. One Stephen a Deacon vvas chosen to â—ucceed him who died of the falling sicknes Stephen the second craued of Pipin to reâ—enge his quarrell against Aristulphus king of Lombardie for demaunding subsidie of him and his prelates vvhich he did and deâ—iuered the dominion of Rauenna vnto him vvith all the Townes thereof euen to the gulfe of Venice Hee vvas the first pope that vvas carried a â—roade vpon mens shoulders vvhich hys successors vse at this day he dyed 757. Paule the first the brother of Stephen restored the Images which Constantine had abrogated but Constantine defied his curses and withstood Images to his death thys pope dyed 767. After thys Charles the great beganne to raigne vvho builded 24. Manasteries CoÌ„stantine the second a lay man by strong hand was made pope by meanes of his brother Desiderius king of Lombardy and Totho duke of Nepetia but because he had not taken ecclesiasticall orders one Philip vvas chosen but beeing weake in power hee vvas forced to depose himselfe Constantine ruled in the sea one yeere pontifically in the end a counsell of Italian and French Bishops deposed him and put him into an Abby as a perpetuall prison hauing before put out his eyes ann 708. VVhose brother vnder pretence of praying comming to Rome rewarded the Pope with the like punishment Stephen the third disanulled all that Constantine had doone he brought to his subiection the Church of Millaine which euer before had been free He vvent once that hee might bee called a follower of Christ bare-footed in Procession and dyed an 772. Hadrian the first by the aide of Charles the Emperour deliuered the sea of Rome from the perrill of all other Princes hee was the first that with his leaden Bull did honour theyr decrees dispensations and priuiledges Lodouicus Pius the son of Carolus Magnus confirmed his Father gift adding to the Popes possessions Venice and sundry other lands he made Hadrian Prince of Rome Italy and ratified the Popes Empire thys Pope dyed ann 799. Leo the third obtained of Charles the Emperour that the Romaines by an oath might become subiect to his gouernment vvhich the Emperour graunted vvherevpon the Pope was so hated that as he vvas going on Procession diuers fell vpon him and beate him from his horse and stripping him out of his pontificall roabes vvhypped him with â—odds He made Charles Emperour vpon condition that hee should sweare perpetuall homage and fealtie to the Church of Rome Thys Leo dyed ann 816. Stephen
peece of plate which they had craftily hid in some things about him for the which he was cast downe from a rocke Plut. Lucius Crassus wone himselfe great praise by a noble glorious accusation Cicero An accusation brought Publius Suâ—pitius eloquence to light when into iudgement he called the seditious and vnprofitable Cittizen C. Norbanus The Lidians had a law that as they sent the condemned murderers to row in the Gallies so they confined those that were detracters and ill tongued men into a secret place farre of from all company the space of halfe a yeare Plut. Tiberius the Emperor condemned a great talker and rayler of his tongue commanded that he should not speake a word the space of a yeare Aristophanes was accused by the Athenians 95. times euer acquitted Narsetes that valiant Generall by false and slaunderous accusations was by Iustine the Emperour depriued of his charge P. Diaconus Theodoricus King of the Goaths in his rage through a forged accusation executed Boetius Symmachus shortly after he was serued at the table with the head of a fish which seemed to him to be the same of Symmachus looking a squint vppon him with which conceit he fell sicke and dyed Olaus Thrasibulus King of the Iewes tooke such a conceite in that he had slaine his brother without hearing his excuse that he died the like befell to Aristobulus for murthering his brother Antiochus who vomited vp his blood in the place where his brothers was spilt and in remorse of conscience dyed Iosephus They which accused Socrates not being able any longer to abide the publique hate strangled themselues Mary of Aragon accused an Earle before the Emperour Otho her husband saying that he would haue defiled her and he was beheaded but the truth being afterwards discouered she was publiquely burned Nicephorus vvriteth the lyke of Constantine the great Leo the Emperour vpon a false accusation condemned Michaell to death which execution being a while deferred the Emperor dyed and Michaell was chosen in his sted Mathias the Sonne of Huniades was charged of ill behauing himselfe towards Ladislaus King of Boheme and Hungary and as he was ready to be condemned his eldest brother hauing been before executed vpon enuy and false information the sayd Ladislaus minding to marry Margaret daughter to Charles the 7 dyed sodainly and Mathias was chosen King of Hungary Loncerus Of Flattery This poyson of mans sences and vnderstanding hath no other scope in the world but deceit selfe-loue and ouerweening of ones selfe yeelneth this large field cleane taking away right iudgement and is blind in regard of what it loueth the feeders of this humour are more dangerous then Rauens for they doe but deuoure the bodies of the dead slatterers of the liuing PHillip sirnamed Gods gift and Constantine banished flatterers froÌ„ their courts And at Athence they were put to death as the very ruine and plague of Princes Dion attributeth the hatred vvhich vvas conceiued against Iulius Caesar his death to flatterers Dyonisius of Syracuse sent Philoxenus the Poet to the galowes with those that were condemned to die because heee vvould not flatter him The Thessalians cleane rased a Citty of the Melians because it was named flattery Atheneus The Athenians put Tymagoras to death because to insinuate with Darius he saluted after the Persian manner Agrippa Alexander the great and Alphonsus King of Arragon hauing each of them somewhat awry necke the one of them by nature the other by custome the flatterers and courtiers that attended them helde their necks on the one side to 〈…〉 theyr imperperfections Clisiphus was called the couÌ„terfait of King Phillip because when the king was merry he was merry and whatsoeuer the King tooke in hand this flatterer would maintaine Aristippus coulde better please Dionisius with flattery then Dion the Syracusian could pleasure him with truth Curio the Parasite might perswade Caesar to doe any thing One subtile flattering SinoÌ„ did that which tenne yeeres siege could not effect namely the destruction of Troy Virgil. Dionisius sent vnto Philoxenes the Poet a Tragedy of his owne making that hee might reade and correct it which hee returned all blotted and rased from the beginning to the end because hee found it in no respect vvorthy to be published so farre vvas hee from flattering him Augustus so hated flattery that hee could not abide the kneeling of his housholde seruaunts Tiberius woulde not suffer his seruaunts to call him Lord. Alexander when his Parasites perswaded him to thinke himselfe a God sayd That by two things especially he knew himselfe to be a man and no God namely by sleepe and carnall motions Plutarch In the hindermost part of Spaine vvhen those of Siuill had war vvith the Gaditanes it chanced that euen in the midst of the time those of Siuill vvanted mony and two Parasites offered themselues for two yeeres to sustaine the vvarres vvith their own proper charges Aurelius The Emperour Aurelius neuer dranke other then red vvine vvhich Torquatus perceiuing refrained from drinking of VVhitevvine and planted all his Vines vvith redde Grapes for vvhich he made him Consul of Rome Gueuara The Emperour Sigismond strooke one that praysed him too much saying that hee bitte him The flattering followers of Sylla sette vp his image of gold on horse-back in the common pallace at Rome vvith this title Cornelius Sylla the happy Captaine which name beginning of flattery remained firme and stable Appian Antigonus sayde vnto a Poet vvho called him a God therby noting his flattery that the Groome of his stoole knewe there was no such matter Aristotles auditors couÌ„terfeited his stamering Alexanders followers his double chinne shrilnes of speech the schollers of Ennius his drunkennesse Flatterers as the Italians say trauaile betweene Lodi and Placentia but neuer come at Verona Aristippus suing to Dionisius for a friende of his and beeing once denied fell downe before his feete for the which hee was reproâ—ued but he thus excused it saying I am not in the faulte but Dionisius who hath eares on his feete VVhen the flatterers of Dionisius perceiued that hee held Plato in great estimation they then counterfaited the countenaunce and habite of Philosophers but after that by theyr meanes Plato was expelled they returned to theyr former wicked course of lyuing Plut. Platoes schollers for asmuch as theyr Maister had a broade breast and high shoulders and vvas therefore named Plato which signifieth broade they stuffed theyr garments and vvore vppon theyr shoulders great bolsters to the end they might seeme to bee of the like forme that he vvas Carneades the Phylosopher sayde that the sonnes of noble men learned nothing vvell but to ride for whilst they learned letters theyr Maisters flattered them praysing euery word they spake and in vvrastling theyr Teachers companions submitting themselues fell downe at theyr feete but the horse not knovving who rideth him if he sitte not surely will cast him quickly Laertius Alexander sayd that he loued better the
were apprehended and the deede dooâ—â— chaunce medly in Delphico Domitius alwayes punished the poore those that were of no power but the rich and mighty he pardoned Suetonius Demetrius the besieger hauing receiueâ— many requests and supplications of his subiects threwe them all into the water as heâ— went ouer the bridge wherupon his subiects conceiued such hatred against him that 〈◊〉 Armie forsooke him yeelded to Pyrrhus who draue him out of his kingdome Diodorus The Romaine Censors disfranchised a cittizen of Rome because he breathed yawned a little too loude in theyr presence Valeâ—ius Augustus Caesar beeing desired by Tacitus to come to his house to iudge of an offence which one of his sonnes had committed did 〈◊〉 Tacitus requested but first he commaunâ—â—d that euery one should first set downe his â—inde in writing and then he gaue his cenâ—re fearing that if he had spoken first they â—ould all haue said as he sayd Seneca Ferdinando the fourth adiudging tvvo â—ights to death more through anger then â—â—stice one of them cryed aloude saying O â—niust King we cite thee to appeare within 30. â—â—yes before the tribunall seate of Iesus Christ 〈◊〉 receiue iudgement for thine iniustice vpon 〈◊〉 last of which dayes he dyed Paulus Diâ—conus The name of law was vnknown among the Greekes in the time of Homer Iosephus Minos Zoroastres Trismegistus Caronâ—as Lycurgus Solon Draco Numa oâ—her law-giuers haue euer fathered theyr â—awes vpon some God the better to haue â—hem in authoritie nature teaching theÌ„ that â—t appertained vnto God alone and that otherwise the lawes would not be obserued The Princes of Persia Media gaue couÌ„â—el to Darius that hee shoulde neuer change â—ny law after it was once made Diodorus writ of certaine people among whoÌ„ no man ought to speake of the change of a lawe except hee wore a halter vvith vvhich hee was hanged if his opinion tooâ— not place The Cittizens of Marseills were much renowned for that they remained constant 〈◊〉 their lawes customs without changing Lycurgus after hee had brought the Lacedemonians to receiue his lawes hee maâ—â— them all sweare that they would alter no 〈◊〉 of them during his absence and after that 〈◊〉 neuer returned into his country againe Orpheus was cut in peeces by the womeâ— of Thrace because hee had changed the lawes The Emperour Galba was greatly praise because hee woulde neither change auncieâ—â— law nor create nevv Plutarch exhorted Traiane to take moâ—â— care in seeing his auncient lawes vvell preserued then in making newe and aboue 〈◊〉 things that his life should serue for a law Solon requested that his lawes might 〈◊〉 preserued for an hundred yeres space to the ende that they might neuer be changed In Greece were certaine Officers called Nomâ—thetes who tooke great regard that no man should derogate from any good lawes The Almaines vvere praysed for changing theyr customs which were found to bee but 〈◊〉 before Tacitus VVhen Varus was vanquished in Germaâ—â—e they put out the eyes of all the Lavvyers â—â—ich they could finde and from some they â—â—lled out theyr tongues also Florus Galeaze Duke of Millan caused a Lavvâ—er to be hanged for delaying of a sute aâ—â—inst a manifest and cleere debt Ferdinando the Emperour sending a viceâ—â—â— into the Indies which had beene newlie â—â—scouered forbad him to carry ouer any â—awes vvith him to the end hee should not â—â—we there the seede of sutes French-men in matters of tryall and lavve â—oe so simply behaue themselues that they â—â—icke to theyr first iudgement neuer appeale further P. Aemilius Horace maketh meÌ„tion of a statue of Marâ—â—a which none durst beholde that vndertooke not a iust cause Astraea which maintained good lawes and â—y the equitie of them gaue quiet and conâ—entment to euery one is nowe flowen to â—eauen impatient of such iniquities Ouid. There was an ancient law in Rome that no Bakers Bruers Butchers or such like meâ—hanicall trades might be Senators M. Caelius was saide to haue a good right hand but an euill left because he could pleaâ—â— better against a man then for him Plut. The Romans and the Lacedemonians haâ— a law that no man should sup when hee lyst nor with what he list It was also a lawe among the Lacedemonians that hee which had deliuered three sorâ— to the coÌ„mon wealth should be priuiledgeâ— from watching both by day and night heâ— which deliuered fiue shoulde not be burdened with any publique office so highly esteemed they procreation of chyldren It was not lawfull for the Spartans to take froÌ„ their enemies any thing no not so much as the booty or spoyle in war Aelianus Vlpitian the Lawyer wrote the manneâ— how the Emperors should torment and punish the Christians Lactant. Dracones lawes were written vvith blood and not incke Demost. Draco set downe equall punishment for 〈◊〉 manner of offenâ—es being the first Athenian Law-giuer whose decrees Solon abolished saue onely those which were against murder Aristotle maketh mention of a Countrey where the inhabitants were to assure the safety of the wares and to repay vnto passengers that losse vvhich they had sustained 〈◊〉 theeues and robbers Aristo de repub â—anlius Torquatus caused his sons heade be cut off because hee fought against hys 〈◊〉 body to body coÌ„trary to the Edicts 〈◊〉 out of his ranke although he came away â—ith victory Liuius Vectius vvas presently slaine because he◠〈◊〉 not vvhen the Trybune of the people â—â—ssed before him Plut. Fabius Maximus his sonne beeing one of 〈◊〉 Magistrates of Rome seeing his Father â—arre of comming towards him on horseâ—â—â—ke and that the Sergiants in regarde of â—â—therly reuerence had not caused him to â—â—ght commaunded him to set foote on the â—â—ound which the Father presently obeied 〈◊〉 embraced his sonne making more acâ—â—unt of him then if he had done otherwise â—lutarch Of Prudence The Poets to declare the excellencie of this â—ertue faine VVisedome to be a vvoman and 〈◊〉 be borne of no mortall creature but of Iupiâ—â—r himselfe whoÌ„ Painters so set foorth that on â—hat side soeuer any one beholding it dyd stand either before her or behinde her hee had a 〈◊〉 sight of her GOD inabled Salomon to dispute of 〈◊〉 hearbes and plants euen from the Cedars in Libanus to the Pellitorie roote 〈◊〉 groweth out of the wall The Oracle of Apollo pronounced thâ—â— the Chaldeans and the Hebrewes onely 〈◊〉 vvisedome parted betweene them The Grecians boast that all the vvise meâ— were of Greece Pausanius Socrates beeing according to the iudgâ—â—ment of the Physiognomers giuen to 〈◊〉 wickednes by the study of wisedome refoâ—med himselfe and became a good exampâ—â— of a godly man Plato The wisedome of Fabius Marcellus 〈◊〉 so admired honoured of the Romans thâ—â— the one was called the Buckler the other 〈◊〉 Sword of the Romaine Empire Plut. Among the Romans was a Colledge of 〈◊〉 men called Augures by whose authoritie 〈◊〉 state vvas sometimes gouerned Varro Homer in the vvhole discourse of his 〈◊〉
where Minerua alwayes accompanieâ— Vâ—â—ses gyueth vs to vnderstand that Prâ—dence ought alwayes to guide a man to aâ—â—â—â—ine to the end of his enterprise Men praised the prudence of Fabius beâ—â—use he broke the point of fortune and hinâ—red the aduancement of Hanibal by cuncâ—â—ion temporising attending his aduanâ—â—ge which is a vertue named long suffeâ—â—nce Cicero Caesar the first Romaine Emperor by his â—â—udence prepared his vvay to so great a â—onarchy by reconciling together Pompey 〈◊〉 Cassius tvvo of the greatest Romaine 〈◊〉 by whose fauour he obtained afterâ—â—rds the dignity of consulship Plut. â—olon with the diuine knowledge of wiseâ—â—m gouerned the Athenians Lycurgus the â—â—cedemonians and Parmenides the Eleati â—ycis the Pythagorian inuented lawes for â—aminondas Plato for Dion Aristotle for â—â—exander Anaxagoras for Pericles Pythaâ—â—ras for the Princes of Italy and Agrippa 〈◊〉 the Emperour Octauius â—ntisthenes bad many guests to the banâ—â—et of wisedome and none would come 〈◊〉 Diogenes vvhere-vpon beeing angry â—t none would tast of his learned cheare 〈◊〉 excluded Diogenes vvho the more hee 〈◊〉 forbidden the more he came in the end â—â—tisthenes beate him thereby to driue him from his company which he constantly 〈◊〉 during Antisthenes entertained him for 〈◊〉 prudent perseuerance Laertius M. Cato when he saw that Pompey hâ— ioyned himselfe with Caesar told him that did put Caesars yoake vpon his necke whâ—â— then he perceaued not but shortly it wouâ—â— weigh heauy vpon him and then should 〈◊〉 finde himselfe taken Themistocles at what time he was 〈◊〉 Athence and inforced to goe into 〈◊〉 being intreated of the King to shew 〈◊〉 estate of his Country he wisely besought 〈◊〉 one yeare to learne the Persian languagâ— and then he would tell him Valerius Peâ—ilius enioyned vpon paine of death his Soueraigne to make an Asse to speaâ— knowing it a matter impossible demaunâ— seauen yeares space hoping in that time 〈◊〉 eyther the King he or the Asse would die Simonides being at a banquet with Pauâ—nias he tooke occasion to desire him to 〈◊〉 some precepts of wisedome at which 〈◊〉 laughed and said Remember thou art a 〈◊〉 vvhich then he not regarded but afterwaâ—â— in his misery with great sorrow remembreâ— Theophrastus Cato for the loue that he beare vnto wiâ—â—dome entertained Athenodorus Vlisses as â—omer saith embraced Carylus Pyrrhus eâ—â—eemed Artemius Traian desired Plutarch â—nd Scipio Panetius who was learned in all â—rts both good and euill Plut. Euclides of Megara desirous to heare the â—isedome of Socrates who read Philosophy 〈◊〉 Athence betweene vvhich two Citties â—â—ere was mortall emnity so that no Cittiâ—â—n of the one durst be seene in the other â—ithout great danger disguised himselfe like woman and so heard Socrates Agesilaus sustaining great losses by Epamiâ—â—ndas commaunded his Souldiours to â—ake head against him onely because that â—ne but wise and prudent men knew how 〈◊〉 conquer Thucidides â—he Athenians being deuided and banded â—o three contrary parts and factions Solon â—ould not ioyne himselfe with any one of â—â—em but kept him indifferent to all seeking 〈◊〉 all meanes to reconcile them together in 〈◊〉 end being chosen their pacifier he reforâ—ed their estate and placed them in greater 〈◊〉 then before â—hales although numbred among the seaâ—â—n wise-men of Greece refused to intermeâ—â— in common wealth matters Demades a man very pollitique and pracâ—tised in state being asked what Tutor he haâ— to instruct him in wisdom answered the trâ—â—bunall of the Athenians meaning the Couâ—â— and experience to excell all the precepts 〈◊〉 Philosophy Valerius Antonius the meeke was a vertuous 〈◊〉 Emperour and so well aduised in all his doâ—ings that hee neuer repented him of anâ— thing he did Eutropius Romulus the first King founder of thâ— Citty of Rome chose 100. of the eldest 〈◊〉 in the same Country by whose wisdom he willed it should be gouerned Patritius Iulius Caesar gloried in his good fortune but yet the bringing of his great enterpriâ—â— to passe was by his wisedom and experienâ—â— in warlike affaires Suetonius The Lacedemonians made more accoâ—â— of an exployt done by pollicy then by arâ— whose Captaines vvhen they had by theâ—â— pollitique stratagems ouercome any sacriâ—â—â—ced to theyr Gods an Oxe if by force Cocke Thucidides Alexander about to destroy the Citty 〈◊〉 Lampsacus Anaxemines his master cam toâ—wards him intending to desire him to 〈◊〉 it but the king imagining wherfore he cam◠〈◊〉 sweare that hee vvould not graunt that â—hich Anaximines should request who desiâ—â—d Alexander to destroy Lampsacus which â—â—quest by his oath he could not graunt and 〈◊〉 by this pollicy he saued his Citty Valerius The Italians vnable to excuse the great â—â—ults treacheries cowardize and dissimulaâ—â—on of their Nation go about to colour their â—â—llanies with the name of Italian prudence One bought a draught of fish of certaine fiâ—â—ers in Milesia whose hap was to take withâ—â— theyr net a golden Tripos which the fiâ—â—er-men refused to giue theyr chap-man â—â—ying that they bargained for fish the matâ—er was brought before the Magistrates who â—ere coÌ„manded by the Oracle to giue it to â—he wisest man first it was giuen to Thales he â—aue it to Bias Bias to Pittacus vntil it came â—o Socrates who gaue it to Apollo Valerius Tully cryed out in his latter age O vtinam â—unquam sapuisseÌ„ would I had neuer knowne â—hat wisedome meant Quintus Catulus did his Country as much good by his wisedome as Cneius Pompeius by valour for of small force is the warre aâ—road vnlesse there be good aduise at home Cicero Phillip of Macedon being in hostage three yeares together learned prudence of Epaminondas by which vertue he got into hiâ— hands the monarchy of all Greece and 〈◊〉 great part of Asia Curtius Caesar when he tooke vpon him the gouernment of the Gaules waged warre there 10. yeares guided by vnspeakable prudence that was accompanied with diligence so that by these he subdued 300. Nations tooke 800. Townes and in many battailes discomfited three millions of men Eutropius The Romaine Kings kept Eagles in theyr campe against thunder and lightning Macrobius The Emperour Tiberius wore in his Hatâ— Bay braunch to keepe him from thunder lightning Idem The Aegiptian mariners were wont in stoâ—â—my and tempesteous weather to hang vpâ—â— saile on the which was sewed the Phocaâ—â— skinne which is a kind of fish called the 〈◊〉 Cowe Plinius Alexander Seuerus was a very wise Prince which he attained vnto by the counsaile and instruction of that learned Lawyer Vlpianus The 7 Sages or wise-men of Greece were renowned throughout al the world of whom the first was Thales Milesius who inuented 〈◊〉 card to saile by Laertius The second was Solon who gaue the first â—â—wes to the Athenians and iudged no man â—â—ppy before his death The third was Chilo of Lacedemon vvho 〈◊〉 Embassadour into the Orient for the Aâ—â—enians The fourth was Pittacus who was not only Philosopher but also Captaine of the Myâ—â—enes The fift was Cleobulus that descended froÌ„
be greatly inflamed with the desire oâ— conquering Plato Eumenes though neuer so distressed thought himselfe strong enough as long aâ— he had his sword in his hand Plut. Aristomenes the Messenian beeing take◠〈◊〉 the Lacedemonians and deliuered fast â—â—und to two souldiours hee drew neere to â—â—fire burned his bonds in sunder killed his â—â—eepers and saued himselfe Valerius Lysimachus vvas commaunded by Alexâ—â—der that he should be deuoured of a Lion â—â—at he valiantly fought with the beast and â—â—retching forth his arme thrust it into hys â—â—roate taking holde of his tongue and so â—â—rangled him whereupon hee vvas euer afâ—â—r more esteemed of Alexander then hee â—as before Aelianus Cassius aunswered a Chaldean Astrologer â—ho counselled him not to fight vvith the â—arthians vntill the Moone had passed Scorâ—â—o I feare not quoth he Scorpius but I feare 〈◊〉 Archers because the Romans were put 〈◊〉 â—light by Parthian Archers Appian Agis vpon the poynt to giue battaile to the â—â—ycaonians vvhen his souldiers sayde that â—â—eyr enemies were many aunswered The â—rince that will subdue many must of necessity â—â—ght with many Tbucid Leonides beeing informed by his souldiers â—â—at the enemies against whom hee vvas to â—â—ght vvere so many in number that theyr â—rrovves darkned the beames of the sunne â—o much the better quoth he for we shall theÌ„ fight in the shade Licosthenes Alcibiades when his Captaines suddainlie made an alarum with great citties that they were fallen into theyr enemies hands would say vnto his souldiours Be valiant and feare not for we are not fallen into their hands but they into ours Thucidydes Scaeua a Iew at the siege of Ierusalem hauing long time defended his fellow souldiers after much slaughter by him made abode still fighting hauing his eyes stopped hys body vvounded and his shield strooke thorow in sixscore places Iosephus Iulius Caesar perceiuing the Neruians to haue the better hand caught a Target from out a souldiours hand that began to flie and taking his place did such feates of Armes that all his Armie recouered courage got the victory Plutarch Alexander swimmed ouer dangerous vvaters scaled townes and put himselfe formost in perrils and paines-taking Pyrrhus Haniball Sertorius and Caesar are reported to haue done the like Eutycus beeing blinde was set without the aray of the battaile by Leonidas but being ashamed to leaue his companions caused a slaue to leade him to the place vvhere they â—ought there valiantly behauing himselfe â—e was slaine Valerius Sylla the Dictator hauing condemned to â—eath all the inhabitants of Perouza parâ—oning none but his hoast he would needes â—ie saying that he scorned to hold his lyfe of the murtherer of his country Appian The Polonian Ambassadors aunswered Aâ—exander when he threatned theyr country VVee feare saide they but one onely thing which is least the skie fall vpon vs. Pompey dreadlesse of a great storme wheÌ„ he vvas sent by the Senate into Italie vvas the first that went a shyp-board and commaunded the sailes to be spred saying It is necessary that I goe but not necessary that I liue Plutarch Xerxes great Nauie that dranke vvhole riuers dry vvas rather a signe of his vvealth then magnanimitie Iustinus Bias holding warres with Iphiorates and put to the vvorst his souldiours cryed out saying vvhat shall we doe to vvhom hee aunswered Tell those that are aliue that I dyed fighting and I will report vnto the deade that you escaped flying Laertius The women of Lacena vvent souldier-like into the field with their husbands Thomyris Queene of Scythia ouercame Cyrus cut off his head cast it into a bowle of blood saying Satiate sanguine quem sitiisti Iustinus The vvomen of Scythia called Amazons lyued as conquerours ouer men and vvere neuer conquered by men vntill Alexander destroyed both them and theyr country Semyramis when newes was brought her that her citty Babylon vvas besieged all vnattyred and vndressed she tooke her armor and by her vvonderfull valour repulsed her enemies Iustinus Zenobia Queene of the Palmerians after the death of her husband gouerned the Empire and long helde battaile against the Emperour Aurelian vvho sayd That it was moâ—e valour to conquer a woman so stoute as Zenobia then to vanquish a king so fearefull as Xerxes Penthiselea Queene of the Amazons and Hyppolita the first encountred hande to hand Achilles the other Theseus whom hee for her valour and courage afterward married Homer Artimesia Queene of Caria after the death of her husband shewed such admirable fortitude against the Rhodians that she burned theyr Nauies entered theyr Citties and â—â—used in them her Image to bee set vp for a â—onument of her chiualrie VVhen Epaminondas besieged Sparta â—as gotten into the Towne Isadas a young â—an all naked his body annointed ouer â—ith oyle hauing a partisone thrust himselfe â—â—to the midst beating downe all his eneâ—ies before him and himselfe escaped away â—nvvounded Loncerus The Ephori at his return gaue him a crown â—n honor of his provvesse but they amerced â—im at a thousand crownes for beeing so adâ—enturous Of the Soule The Soule is called Anima whilst it is in the â—ody and giueth lyfe Mens while it mindeth Animus hauing will Ratio for that it iudgeth rightfully Spiritus while it breatheth Sensus whilst it feeleth THe Soule hath fiue vertues of the which the first is feeling by this vertue the soule is mooued desiring those thing that belong to the body Augustine The second povver is vvit by thys the soule knovveth all things sensible and corporall when they are present The third is Imagination by vvhich it beâ—holdeth the likenes of bodily thinges 〈◊〉 they be absent The fourth is Reason that iudgeth betweene good and euill truth and falshood The fift is Vnderstanding the which comprehendeth things not materiall but intelligible as God and Angels The three first virtues are situate in the soule that is coupled to the body and giueth lyfe and inner wit to perfection of the body and these bee common both to men and beasts The other tvvo Reason and Vnderstanding be in the soule in that it may be departed from the body and abide beeing departed as an Angell by two manner of respects for it beholdeth the higher things and therevpon is called Intellectus and the lower and for that cause is termed Ratio In diuers bodies the soule is threefold Vegitable that is giueth life and no feeling as in plants and rootes vvhich the Philosophers liken to a Tryangle in Geometry for as that hath three corners so hath this soule three vertues the first begetting the second nourishing the third growing â—ensible that gyueth lyfe and feeling not 〈◊〉 which is in beasts thys soule is lykeâ—â—d to a Quadrangle for it is a line drawne 〈◊〉 one corner to another before it maketh 〈◊〉 Triangles and the sensible soule maketh 〈◊〉 triangles of vertues for where-soeuer 〈◊〉 soule Sensible is there is also the soule â—egitable but not é contra The Reasonable soule giueth life feeling
that they would obserue what soeuer he determined whervpon they yeelded I iudge then quoth he that none of you depart this Temple before you bee reconciled Thus were they coÌ„strained to agree between themselues Archidamus freed from loosing their friendships whoÌ„ he deerly loued The Egyptians shewed signes of stronger friendship to their friends beeing dead then when they were lyuing Scipio Affricanus going against the Numantines deuided his Army into 500. companies and made one band which hee called Philonida the band of friends Mithridates sought to driue Nicomedes forth of Bithinia vvho vvas friende to the Romaines and gaue the Romans so much to vnderstand to vvhom the Senate made aunswer that if he warred vpon Nicomedes he should likewise feare the force of the Romaines Appian Cicero and Clodius Tiberius and Affricanus froÌ„ mortall foes became faithful friends Scipio greatly complained that men were very skilfull in numbring their Goates and Sheepe but few could reckon their friends Alexander helde Aristotle deere Darius Herodotus Augustus Piso Pampeius Plaâ—tus Titus Plinie Traiane Plutarch Anthonius Apollonius Theodotius Claudius Seuerus Fabatus Pericles beeing desired by a friende to ayde him with false witnes aunswered That hee would friend him as high as the heauens meaning that men should ayde theyr friends so far as iustice gods lawes did permit Thu. Plato seeing he could not bring the Common-wealth to happines by vertue reduced all lawes to friendship deuising all things to be common affirming that two only words namely Mine Thine where the things that disturbed the society of man Homer giueth Achilles a Patroclus Virgill an Achates vnto Aeneas Alexander had his Hephestion Darius his Zopirus and Scipio his Laelius Dion and Iulius Caesar had rather die then distrust theyr friends Plu. Augustus wanting his olde friends Maecenas and Agrippa said that if they had lyued hee had not fallen into the troubles hee vvas then in Seneca Scaurus and Cataline the conspirators against Rome and Brutus and Cassius the murtherers of Caesar held great leagues and confederacie together but in no sort they could be called friends for there can bee no true amitie vvhere is no vertue Among heauenlie bodyes Mercury Iupiter Sol and Luna are friendes to Saturne but Mars and Venus are his enemies All the Planets sauing Mars are friendes to Iupiter and all the rest of the Planets sauing Venus hate Mars Iupiter and Venus loue Sol. Mars Mercury and Luna are his enemies and all the rest of the Planets loue Venus except Saturne Iupiter Venus and Saturne are friendes to Mercury Sol Luna and Mars are hys enemies There are inclinations of friendship in vigâ—able mineralls as the Loadstone hath to yron the Emerald hath to riches and fauours the stone Iaspis to child-birth the stone Achates to eloquence and Naptha â—ot onely draweth fire vnto it but fire leapeth vnto it where soeuer it is the like dooth the roote Aproxes Such friendship is betweene the male and female Date tree that when a bough of the one shall touch a bough of the other they fold themselues into a naturall embracing neuer doth the female bring forth fruit without the male Vines loue the Elme tree the Oliue the Mirtle likewise loueth the Oliue the Fig-tree and if the Almond tree grovve alone it will proue vnfruitfull There is friendship betweene the Blacke-bird and the Thrush betweene the Choffe and the Heron betweene the Peacocks and the Doues Isodorus Cato the Censor had a Ring vvhereon was engrauen Esto amicus vnius et inimicus nullius Bee friende to one and enemie to none Plinie Of Loue. All the Arts and Sciences of the worlde may in time be learned except the Art of Loue the which neither Salomon had skill to write nor Asclepias to paynt nor Ouid to teach Helen to report or Cleopatra learne beeing a continuall Schoolemaister in the hart whose diuine furies are Propheticall misticall poeticall amatorial consecrated to Apollo Bacchus the Muses and Venus THe Poets meane nothing els by those tovvnes of Adamant vvhich they vvrite of but the loue of Cittizens vvho by no force or policie can be ouercome so long as in hart they hold together The Grecians so long as they continued at peace among themselues they vvere coÌ„querers of all men but after that ciuill discention had once entered in amongst them they fell daily more and more to such ruine that in fewe yeeres they became laughing-stocks to all the world Plutarch Balsaria when Calphurinus Crassus vvas taken captiue of the Messalines and shoulde haue beene offered for a sacrifice vnto Saturne shee deliuered Crassus from death made him conquerer Caluce after Troy vvas destroyed vvhen King Lycus her Father sayling into Lybia had appointed to kill Diomedes for sacrifice to appease the Gods for vvind vveaâ—â—er she deliuered him from her Father and sâ—ued his lyfe Scipio Affricanus esteemed so much the Poet Ennius aliue that being dead hee caused his picture to bee set before his eyes as a memoriall of his great loue Plutarch Pomponius Atticus thought himself happie when either Cicero was in his sight or his bookes in his bosome Plato in his booke intituled Conuiuium interlaceth Comicall speeches of loue hovvbeit al the rest of the supper there is nothing but discourses of Philosophy Alexander loued highly Apelles insomuch that after he had made him draw out a Iâ—eman of his naked whom hee likewise loued deerely vnderstanding that he was enamored on her he bestowed her on him Alexander vvould haue his picture drawne by none but Apelles nor cut by any in brasse but onely Lysippus so greatly did he affect them Curtius Stagerita the towne where Aristotle vvâ—â— borne beeing destroyed by Philip of Macâ—â—don Alexander his sonne for the loue heâ— bare to his Maister Aristotle reedified thâ— same againe Valerius seruaunt to Panopion hearing that certaine souldiours came vnto the Cittie of Rheatina of purpose to kill his master hee changed apparrell with his maister and conueyed him away suffering himselfe to be slaine in his Masters bed for the great loue he bare him The Persians for the affection they bare to theyr horses when they died buried them Alexander made a tombe for Bucephalus Seuerus the Emperour for the loue hee bare to Pertinax whom Iulianus slew willed that men shoulde euer after call him Pertinax Eutrop. A Persian vvoman beeing asked why shee had rather saue the life of her brother then of her owne sonne Because sayd she I well may haue more children but neuer no more brothers seeing my father and mother are dead Eros the seruant of Antonius hauing promised to kill his Maister when hee requested him drevv his sword and holding it as if hee would haue killed him turned his Maisters head aside and thrust the sword into his own body Plutarch Agesilaus was fined by the Ephories because he had stolne away the harts wonne the loue of all his cittizens to himselfe The Emperour Claudius did neither loue nor hate but
as hee was prouoked and induced therevnto by others Tacitus Herius of Corinth builded in the midst of the Citty a Temple to the Goddesse Venus within which were inclosed more then 500. of the fairest maides of Asia whom theyr parents did there consecrate to the Goddesse Venus to the end they might bee Louers and stales to drawe louers to them holding her for most religious and holy which vvas most amorous and dissolute Samocratius Nigidius and Ouid vvrit many volumes of the remedy of loue but it little profited themselues for they al three died in persecution not for the abuses they committed at Rome but for the loues they practised at Capua The cause of ciuil dissention between Themistocles Aristides was the loue of Stesilia an harlot whose beauty being vanished their hatred was such that they neuer could be reconciled but continued enemies euen to the death The like hatred vvas betvveene Cato and Caesar about the loue of the harlot Seruilia The Kings of Assiria neuer aunswered anie Embassadour themselues but by messengers they spending theyr time in courting theyr Concubines and for theyr vnkinglie loue to vvomen they were euer condemned of all men Pausanius Alexander for the loue hee bare to the famous harlot Thais caused that most renowned and rich citty Persepolis to be burned Publius Pilatus was in loue with the Images of Helena and Atalanta Pigmalion doated on an Iuory image that he had made with his owne hands Ouid. Two young men of Athence were in loue with the picture of Fortune Cataline for the loue of Orestilla kylled his owne sonne because she would not ioyne in marriage with him while his sonne liued Salust Estrasco a Romaine borne dumbe loued Verona a Latine borne also dumbe who lyking each other came visited each other by the space of thirty yeeres vvithout the witting of any person then died the husband of the Lady Verona the wife of Estrasco they married of them descended the noble linage of the Scipios Aurelius The Poets faine that in Leucadia there is a very high steepe Rocke which is a notable remedy to asswage loue from this first leaped Cephalus for the loue of Degonetes vvhom he loued without measure Timon Misanthropos loued none but onely Alcibiades and him hee loued and once kissed because he sawe in his face the destruction of Athence Plutarch Xerxes all the wonderfull workes of Iupiter both on sea and land sette aside in Lydia fell so farre in loue with a Plane tree vvhich happened to his sight that he tarried a whole day by it and caused the boughes to be adorned with chaines of golde bracelets spangles yeelding there to great reuerence Alcibiades vvas the Paramour of Socrates Dion of Plato who both reaped profit by their loues Alexander crowned the tombe of Achilles and Hephestion that of Patroclus signifying thereby that he loued Alexander as wel as euer Patroclus loued Achilles Pausanias loued his wife so tenderly that it cannot bee described the like affection did Apelles beare to Pancasta Alexanders lemoÌ„ Adrian the Emperour doated on the loue of Antinous a faire young man insomuch that he dedicated a Temple to him at Mantinea and a Citty at Nilus Pausan. The Achaians honoured Fortune Loue both together in Aegina because none can attaine to Loue without Fortune Niphus Propertius when he was in loue sayde hee was not himselfe but a shadow Hephestion was called the louer of Alexander Craterus of the King Plut. VVhen Cyrus vvent to ouer-come Babylon the riuer Euphrates let him a Knight whom the King wel loued ventured into the water and was drowned then the king made a vow that this great riuer should not come to any vvomans knees which shoulde vvade ouer and therfore he parted it in the broade fields into foure hundred threescore chanels and so tooke the citty Perdiccas for the loue he bare to Alexander refused a great reuenewe in Macedonia and followed him in his vvarres in Asia Plutarch Turinga had so many louers that shee coulde not reckon them vppon her fingers ends but called for a bushell of pease to tell them by Aurelius Demetrius hauing strongly begirt the Citty of Rhodes for the loue he bare to Protogenes painted table raised his siege Of Iealousie Suspition This griefe of the minde as it is called iealousie belongeth onely to matters of loue and therefore hath to name Zelotypia the loue of beauty whose braunches are obtractation emulation â—nuie and detraction POlycrates Samius dearely affected Anacreon the Poet who likewise loued the Paramour of Polycrates named Smerdias but Polycrates kindled with the sparkes of iealousie supposing that the Poet loued Smerdias exceedingly shaued off his golden locks thereby to make him mishapen whose losse Anacreon lamented in a Poem Aelianus Phanius was so iealous of his wife that hee locked her vp thinking by that meanes to preuent all commers but he was deceaued and what shee could not compasse beeing at liberty she effected being pent vp Leucononia the wife of Cyampus was deuoured of a dogge in sted of a wild beast hiding her selfe in the woods to follow mark her husbands walks Argus hundred eyes could not keepe Io from Iupiter Ouid. Procris followed her husband Cephalus into thee woods fearing that he had some other Loue who being hid in the bushes and desirous to come neerer to him hee supposing some wild beast to be there killed her Ouidius Plutarch reporteth the lyke of Aemilius who killed himselfe when hee saw it vvas his wife The fish Canchar is iealous ouer her male and striueth oft for him Plinie Aemilia the wife of noble Scipio who although shee knew thinges euident by him made much of his Paramour as she made of her husband and all for Scipios sake Abraham was iealous of his wife Sara The Persians were so suspitious that theyr wiues had no liberty to goe abroade when they went it was in VVaggons The Thracians with such care and study kept their vvyues that they would trust no man in their companies but their Parents Herodotus An hundred threescore and ten Romainâ— women poysoned theyr husbands because they were iealous of them Valerius Galatius Maria Duke of Millane beeing at masse was slaine by a Cittizen for a iealousie hee had conceaued that this Prince had entertained his wife Guicchard The wild Boare pursued of dogs the Lyonesse bitten with hunger the Tyger robbed of her young ones or the Viper whose tayle is trod vpon are not more cruell and fierce then a woman offended but nothing sooner casteth her into a fury theÌ„ iealousie Ausonius Ariadne buried aliue Zeno Isauricus the Emperour that shee might be reuenged of him for his iealousie Bomilchar a Prince of Libia being suspected of his owne Country-men the Carthagians that he had conspired with Agathocles vnto anoyance of the Subiects was hanged in the Citty of Carthage in the midst of the Market Phillip King of Macedonia married the sister of Attalus and had diuorced and
sometimes leading him sometimes bearing him he brought him safe to Sicelie so did Aeneas for Anchises his father Idem Metellus the father and the sonne the one Captaine vnder Anthony the other vnder Caesar the Father being prisoner and beeing condemned his sonne sayde to Caesar Thys hath beene thy enemy ô Caesar and I thy friend him thou must punish and me rewarde I desire thee to saue my father for mee or let mee die for him at whose request he was saued Idem Crates Thebanus deliuered a stock of mony to his friends vpon this condition that if it shoulde happen his children to bee fooles they should therewith be maintained but if they became learned and phylosophers then to distribute it to the poore Dem. Mag. Periander one of the 7. Sages of Greece and a Tyrant sent for his sonne Licophorna that with his owne hands hee might kill him because he mourned for the death of his mother which when the Cittizens of Corcyra knew they put him to death themselues to deliuer him from his Fathers tiranny Vale. Maximus Priamus had by Hecuba fifty Sonnes and Daughters Orodes king of Parthians thirtie Artaxerxes a hundred and fifteene Erothinus King of the Arabians seauen hundred in confidence of whom he inuaded the confines of his enemies and with seuerall inroads he wasted the Lands of Egypt and Syria Petrarch Petrarch writeth of a married woman that had twelue seuerall children by twelue seuerall men one of them a yeere elder then the other who ready to die tolde her husband of them all he was Father but to the eldest and reckoning vp the Fathers of the other the youngest cryed to her good mother giue me a good Father to whom she sayde that a very rich man was his father wherevpon the childe was glad saying If hee be rich I haue a good father Astapus Amphorinus bare such loue to their parents that their Citty beeing burned they tooke them vpon their shoulders and carried them through the midst of the fire A woman of Athence her father called Cymon being in pryson where he was like to be famished craued so much leaue of the Keeper that shee might haue accesse to her Father whō with her milke shee preserued long time from death Harpalice her father being takē prisoner by the Getes redeemed him with more celerity then can be thought in a woman Seruius It is written that three bretheren striuing vvho should enioy their fathers land vvere content to be agreed by the King swearing that they vvould stand to that which hee determined the King commaunded the dead body of the Father to bee taken vp saying that hee vvhich shot neerest the hart should be the right successor the eldest shotte him in the throate the second in the breast neere the hart but the third abhorring this damned resolution sayd I had rather yeeld all to my brothers then bee so degenerate To whom for his vertue and reuerence to his father the King adiudged the land Israell many yeeres lamented the losse of one of his sonnes for whom when hee vvas 120. yeeres old he vvent downe with al his family into Egypt Dauid greatly lamented the death of his rebellious sonne Absalon Orodes King of Persia hearing that his son Pacorus was slaine in the wars against Ventidius vvith extreame greefe therof became mad Rauisius Auctolia the daughter of Sinon and wife of Laertes vnderstanding a false report of Vlisses death her sonne at Troy dyed for sorrow Idem Anius King of Thuscans had a Daughter called Salia whom when Oritheus had stoln away threvve himselfe violently into a Riuer called afterward by his own name Plutarch Lucius Gellius when in a maner he knew that his sonne had beastly abused himselfe with his stepmother and attempted to bereaue him of life became himselfe this wretches defender and before the Senate acquited him both of fault and punishment Val. Maximus Dioschorus put to death his vertuous and religious Daughter Barbara for imbracing the Christian fayth Ptolomeus Euergetes beeing expulsed his kingdome for his crueltie killed his sonne in Cyprus whom hee had by his sister Cleopatra sent her his head feete for a token Liuius Apteras Saturnus caused his owne Father to be gelded killed his owne sonnes held continuall vvarres against his bretheren Berosus Deiotarus hauing many sonnes murthethered all saue one that he which suruiued al the rest might be mightier and of greater power Gellius Hippomenes an Athenian Prince for that his daughter Lima was founde in adulterie caused her to be close shutte vp with a horse giuing her no releefe but the horse almost famished deuoured his daughter Laertius Oppianicus contrary to the common nature of Parents was content for money to forsake his children Cicero Domitius detested his sonne Nero for no other cause but that hee had begotten him vpon Agrippina Suetonius Medea beeing forsaken of Iason murdered her owne sonnes Ouid. Herod commaunded his onely child to be killed among the general massacre of the innocents in Iurie vvhich vvhen Augustus heard he sayd That he had rather bee Herods hog then his child Iosephus Prusius King of Bithinia was murthered of his owne sonne when he had committed the rule vnto him P. Malleolus for killing of his mother was the first amongst the Romans that vvas sowed in a sacke and cast into the sea Liuius Cham the youngest sonne of Noah his Father being drunke lying naked called his brethren to that vnnatural sight who going backwards couered theyr fathers secrets for the which they were blessed the posterity of Cham accursed Gene. 6. Absalon rising against his father Dauid expelled him his kingdome afterward assayled by Ioab fled and was hanged by his haire vpon an Oake Helie the Prophet winking at the faultes of his children though forewarned of Samuel died a violent death and his sonnes both in one howre were slaine in battaile by the Philistines as a iust reuenge for their former disobedience Regum 11. Adramelach and Sarazar murdered theyr Father Senacharib for which they were driuen out of theyr kingdome and ended theyr dayes in exile 4. Reg. Irene pulled out her sonne Constantines eyes because hee began to beare himselfe ouer proudly in the Empire Eristhenes was famished of his mother because he fought in battaile with no courage Rauisius Damatria when shee heard that her sonne had not behaued himselfe in battaile as the sonne of so woorthy a mother shoulde haue doone at his returne killed him Orchanus caused his daughter to be buried aliue because Apollo had rauished her Ouid. Tigranes killed one of his sons because he would not take him vp when hee had a fall at hunting for that hee set the crowne vpon his head Appian Machates the sonne of Mithridates for feare of his father killed himselfe Mithridates killed his sonne Siphares to be reuenged of the mother Gripus who was king after Seleucus made his mother drinke the poyson vvhich shee had prepared for him Medullina whose body was
idolatry of Hephestion then the sincerity of Clitus Phocion sayde to King Antipater that hee could not haue him both for his friende and flatterer One of Alexanders Leiuetenants writ to him that he had in his gouernment a boy of incomparable beauty and that if it so lyked him he would send him to him vvhom hee thus aunswered O cursed caitife what hast thou euer knowne in me that thou shouldest thus dare to flatter me by such pleasures A vvise Abbot wrote to Charles the third that aboue all things hee should take heede that flattering Courtiers shoulde not rauish from himselfe the fauour of his benefites as they are whom they terme sellers of smoake Of Learning This is the true substance of felicitie and the efficient cause of wisedom without which mans life is death The which when the Egyptians would signifie they set downe the picture of dew dropping from the clowdes COsroes king of the Persians although a barbarian was so learned that he held argument with the chiefest Philosophers of Greece Agath Claudius the Emperour writ 40. bookes of history by the perswasion of Titus Liuius he had Homer at his fingers end Volat. Picus Mirandula set vp nine hundred questions at Rome S. Tho. M. Caesar disdained not to frequent the threshold of Ariston neither did Pompey think scorne to go oftentimes to the house of Cratippus Plut. Saint Augustine complained that beeing a young man he learned profitable words but yet in vaine things I heard quoth he Iupiter thundering and therewithall committing adultery 2. Confess Antisthenes after hee had heard Socrates tooke such great pleasure therein that albeit he was very learned and had a great number of schollers yet hee vvilled them to seeke an other Maister because he purposed to learne himselfe Traiane the Emperour founde fiue hundred chyldren at schoole thereby to banish ignorance Pope Caelestine the fift deposed himselfe by reason of his ignorance Iulianus to the end hee might molest the Christians forbid theÌ„ the reading of all good bookes Antimachus vvhen he read to all his schollers called together and sawe that all sauing Plato forsooke him before he had ended his reading said I will goe forward and read on for Plato is to me as much as all the rest Aristotle was angry with his Maister Aristotle for that he made those bookes which he writ to him so common Curtius Phillip when his sonne Alexander vvas borne gaue thanks to God not so much because he had a sonne as that hee vvas borne in the time of Aristotle vvhom he made his Schoolemaister Alexander carried alwayes Homers Iliades about him laid them vnder his pyllovve naming it the preseruer of warlike vertue Anaxagoras suffered his Lands to lie wast and followed his study Crates forsooke his patrimony of eyght talents that with the more liberty hee might follow Phylosophy Athence and Sparta could neuer agree for that the one vvas adicted to serue Minerua the other Mars Titus Vespasian often vsed to pleade causes himselfe in Latine and made diuers poems and tragedies in Greeke Eutrop. Lucius meeting with the Emperour Marcus Aurelius in the street accompanied but with one man after him asked him vvhether hee went hee aunswered It becommeth euen an olde man to learne therefore am I going to Sextus the Philosopher to the end I might learne those things which I know not The studie of Ptolomy theyr King in the Mathematiques made the Egyptians so notable in those Arts. Ptolomey knew more in Astronomy then any man saue Adam Ptolomey write a booke called Almagest an excellent worke contayning the greatnes of the earth heauen moone and starres Plato beeing requested by his schollers to speake some-what of good intendment and memory sayd That he had no more learned saue as much as he that felt himselfe like vnto a vessel that day and night is all voyd empty Arcesilas the Phylosopher woulde neyther learne himselfe nor suffer others to learne The Hymne of Orpheus to Musaeus is called his Testament and last doctrine whervnto he would haue men to sticke Amongst the Greekes and the Latines neuer any vvas more learned theÌ„ Marcus Varro Lactan. The auncient Academies of Greece were the nurseries of all Common-wealths and out of them as froÌ„ the Troyan horse came forth most excellent Kings singuler Captaines and Gouernours Grynaldus VVhen Paulus Aemilius was to encounter with Perses and that his Armie was sore dismaied at the ecclips of the Moone vvhich then happened Sulpitius Gallus incouraged them by his learning in that hee assured theÌ„ of victory by his knowledge in the Mathematicall Sciences By the lyke knowledge Archimedes defended the Cittie of Syracusa from the furie of Marcellus Alexander the great had in a manner as great a company of learned men in his Army as vvarriours Plutarch VVhen Varro was condemned to die Anthony pardoned him saying Vinat Varro viâ—â—doctissimus Lysander in rewarde of a fewe verses gaue vnto the Poet Antiochus his hat full of siluer Alphonso gaue 500. Duccats to Pogio of Florence for translating out of Greeke into Latine Xenophon his Cyropedia albeit that it was translated before Iulius Caesar made many and sumptuous Libraries and gaue M. Varro a commission throughout the dominions of Rome to prouide workes of the best learned to furnish them Appian Ptolomy hauing set vp a most sumptuous Library in Alexandria furnished the same vvith more then seauen hundred thousand bookes Vitruuius He likewise caused 72. Interpreters of the most learned and religious men of Iudea to come translate the holy Bible out of Hebrew into Greeke Asronius the Phylosopher being demaunded what it was that he knew sayd To speake well and being demaunded againe vvhat he â—ad learned hee aunswered To speake well â—nd beeing asked the third time vvhat hee â—aught he said To speake well Sabel Aspasia was much read in Phylosophie she â—aught Rhetorique was Pericles teacher â—nd afterward his wife Plutarch A Greeke Embassadour and a Romaine were at vvordes in the Senate of the Rhodiâ—us the Grecian sayd Romaine it is true that you are aduenturous in Armes but for all that â—nable in Sciences for the women of Greece know more in Letters then the men of Rome in weapons Vpon these vvords grew the mortall vvarres betweene Rome Carthage about the possession of Sicilie The Romaines and the Grecians ready to defie one another the Rhodians came in the midst and perswaded both that this iniurie should not bee determined with vveapons but argued with vvomens disputation Afterwards assembled at Rhodes tenne Grecians and tenne Romaine vvomen all veriâ— vvell learned vvhich in theyr chaires successiuely read certaine Lessons and aftertervvardes held disputation one against the other Eutropius The Greekes spake very high thinges not so profound but with an excellent stile they vvere very wel pleased to heare the Romaiâ— vvomen and the Romaines astonished tâ— heare the Greekes Vpon this occasion thâ— Rhodians crowned euery one of them vvitâ— a crowne of Laurell as vanquishers iudâ—ged
the preaching of the Gospell Ambrose Cletus after him did vvrite Salutem et Apostolicam benedictionem Orpheus gaue names vnto the Gods and was the fyrst blaser of their petigrees Pythagoras obserued that the morning starre and the euening starre be both one that the Zodiack roundeth the vvorld like a gyrdle Thales noted the North-starre Solon that the Moone fynisheth her course in 30. daies and Archimedes gathering the obseruations of many yeeres thereof vvas the fyrst that inuented the Sphere Pherecides the Assyrian was the fyrst that writ any history in prose Some holde that Caâ—mus was the fyrst Capaneus at the besieging of Thebes inuented the scaling with Ladders was killed with a stone from the vvall The Phenicians vvere the fyrst that found out the vse of Letters Lucanus Nemrod fyrst required of men homage seruice Darius was the fyrst that appointed tribute Chrysippus corrupted the graue sect of Phylosophers with crabbed questions Zoroastres King of Bactria was the inuenter of the Art of Negromancie Lucilius vvas the fyrst that wrote Satyres and Sappho the fyrst Poeme of loue Pauâ—anias The Athenians deuised the imposition of synes penalties and forfeytures Aelianus Ericthonius was the fyrst that ioyned horses together for seruice in drawing but in Italy Oxen were fyrst prepared to the vse of husbandry vvherupon the Grecians called Countrimen the Oxen of Italy Triptolemus vvas the fyrst that inuented the plough Clisthenes fyrst deuised banishment and happened himselfe to pertake the smart of his inuented punishment The like is written of Perillus for inuenting Phalaris Bull. Caesar wheÌ„ we was Dictator fyrst brought the Bull to be baited The diall of the sunne was found by Anaximenes and the experience thereof shewed in Lacedemonia and brought to Rome by Papyrius the Diall of VVater by Scipio Nascica the houres by Thales Milesius The Athenians inuented wrastling and actiue exercises Themistocles made a law that one ordinary day through the yeere there should be Cock-fyghting in Theaters VVhen the Tarentines were besieged by the Romaines vvel nie famished the Râ—gineans fasting euery tenth day victualed the Tarentines wherfore when the force of the Romains failed and the Tarentines reâ—ouered strength they inuented a festiuall day in remembrance of theyr former miseries called it leiunicus The Aeginests first coyned money vvhervpon it was called answerable to their name The Aeginean coyne Aelianus Laius vvas the first that euer burned in the filthy lust of boyes and by reason therefore of this monstrous perturbation hee stole away Chrysippus the sonne of Pelops Some vvrite that Orpheus was the first that fell into this sinne Farron was the first Law-maker of all the vvest parts of Europe who had a sonne called Druis from whom came the Druides and VVisemen of Fraunce Pastorall Poems had their head from those Sheepheards which lamented the losse of Daphnes eye-sight Stesichorus vvas the first indighter of these Poesies and Ditties Hortensius the Oratour was the first that euer appointed the Peacocke in course of seruice at feasts From the Arcadians came the best first Maisters of defence and VVrastlers Lelius Strabo The Thessalians were the first fighters vppon horseback the Affricans by Sea The Corinthians inuented Gallies great ships Thucidides All torments of warre which wee call Engines were first inuented by Kings or Generalls in warre or if by other they were by them made much better Vitrunius Charles the great created the first Marquesse who was called Leopold of Austria sirnamed the VVorthy when he had driuen the Hungarians out of Germany to them he assigned the frontiers of Countries to defend against incursions and inuasions of the enemies The disport of hawking was found out in Thracia where men and hawkes as it were by a confederacy tooke birds together in this wise the men sprang the birds out of the bushes and the hawkes soaring ouer them beate them downe so that the men might easily take them then did they equally deuide the pray to the hawks who being wel serued of custom repaired to such places where being aloft they perceaued men to be assembled to that purpose Plinius Centauri were the first that tamed horses riding and men seeing them supposed it tâ— be one body and therfore an hundred horsemeÌ„ of Thessalia were called Centauri of Centum and aura as it were an hundred wind VVaggers Thales Milesius who flourished in Athence in the time of Achab King of Iuda was the first that defined the soule affirming it to be a nature alwayes mouing it selfe The very account of the yeare was vncertaine and confused in Europe vntill the time of Iulius Caesar. Censorius Pythagoras Eudoxus and Euclides were the Authors of the most notablest grounds of Arithmetique and Geometry Ninus was the first King of whom any Historiographers haue written Plinius The first that vsed to haue backe-byters spies and tale-bearers was Darius the younger next him Dionysius the tyrant who intermedled them among the Burgezes that by that he might know what they said of him The first ship that was euer set a floate was vpon the red Sea Plinie The Tyrians were the first that excelled in Nauigation Strab. Before the Persian warres there was no common baker in Rome Plinius The first cherries that came into Rome were brought by Lucullus VVhen the Gaules came into Italy there were no wines at all in Gallia The Greeke histories began at the Empire of the Persians Apuleius The paper of Aegipt was inuented in Alexanders time Iustine Origen Clement were the first wryters amongst the Christians The Antiochians were first called Christians by the preaching of those that dispersed them selues at the stoning of Stephen Gracianus Promethuis first taught Grammer amongst the Grecians Cornelius Ag. Crates Mallotâ—s brought it to Rome which Palemon studied and called it an Arâ— The first inuentour of the partition of ages was Sybilla Cumana Pyrrhus King of the Epyrotes was the first that inuented Currers and Posts he being at Tarentum in one day vnderstoode from Rome in two out of Fraunce in three out of Germany and in foure out of Asia Dido builded Carthage threescore and twelue yeres before the building of the Citty of Rome then Aeneas neuer saw Dido for Aeneas was before died 3. hundred yeere ere Carthage was built Numa was the first that caused the peny to be coyned for his people and called it Nummus Lazarus whom Christ raysed from death was the first Bishop of Cyprus he dyed his second death at the age of 78. The Portingalls were the first finders of the new world The first Emperour that tooke in hand to persecute the Christians was Nero picking a quarrell against them for setting Rome on fire when he was guilty of it himselfe Romulus was the first King of Rome Iulius Caesar the first Emperour C. Agrippa desirous to know the originall of a Monks hood sought many bookes and neyther in the old testament nor amongst the Prophets and Patriarches was it to bee found then
him said an Anker was a token of safety and not of delay vvhereupon Seleucus euer after vsed an Anker in his signet Alexander returned from India to Babilon sayling in the â—ends a suddaine vvind did blow of his diadem into a place of reeds in which stoode the sepulchre of an ancient King which was held to be a token of his death Of Maiestie The fountaine of all excellent manners 〈◊〉 Maiestie being the whole proportion and figuâ—â— of noble estate and properly a beauty or comlinesse in the countenaunce language gestureâ— which doth cast vpon the beholders bearers a fearefull reuerence THere was in the Emperour Augustus â— natiue maiestie for from his eyes issued raies or beames which pierced the eyes oâ— the beholders Sueto The Frenchman that came to kill Marius when he saw his countenance ran from him crying that he had no power to kil him App VVhen Vlisses ship and men had suffereâ—â— shipwrack and he hardly escaped being caâ—â— all naked vppon the coast of the Pheacaes the Kings daughter sent him a mantle vvho comming to the King presented such a wonâ—derful maiestie in his lookes and speech thaâ— Alcinous vvished Vlisses woulde take his daughter Nausicaa to wife Homer The people wondering at his maiesty honoured him with sundry presents at theyâ— owne charges conueied him to Ithaca Scipio beeing in his manour place called Linternum diuers notorious theeues Pyâ—ats came onely to see his person of vvhose â—ame they had heard so large reports but he not knowing this theyr intent armed hymselfe to make defence vvhich the Captaine perceiuing dispatched his followers layâ—ng downe his vveapons said That they came not as enemies but wondering at his vertue and valour vvhervpon Scipio entertained theÌ„ Calphurnius Crassus conspiring vvith others the death of Nerua he knowing thereof placed them next to him at a publique show and not fearing danger being strengthened with a great mind gaue them swords ready drawne and asked them whether they vvere sharpe enough who taking the swords in their hands had no power to hurt him At the beginning wheÌ„ the multitude of people were oppressed by them that abounded in possessions riches they espying some one which excelled in vertue and fortitude repaired to him who ministing equity when hee had defended the poore froÌ„ iniurie retained together the greater persons with the inferiour in an equall and indifferent order wherfore they called that man a king which is to say a Ruler Belus the sonne of Nemrod vvas the firâ—â— King in the vvorld The auncient Egiptians called theyr kingâ— Epiphanes and had this custome that they should enter the Temple barefooted and because one of them came to the Church otherwise he vvas deposed and that name oâ— dignitie ceased They likewise called theyr Kinges Pharaones the Bithinians Ptolomaei the Latines Murani the Parthians Arsacides the Albanes Syluij the Sicilians Tyrants the Argiues Kings Nabuchad-nezzar intiteled himselfe King of Kings Alexander king of the world Demetrius conquerer of Citties Mithridates restorer of the vvorld Attyla the vvhyp of Nations Tamberlaine the scourge of God Dyonisius the hoast of men Cyrus the last of the Gods Henry the eyght king of England defender of the fayth Charles King of Fraunce the most christian king Alphonso King of Spayne the Catholicke king Thys Alphonso dyd first begin to make Bishops houses ioyning to the Cathedral Churches to the end that neyther colde in VVinter nor heate in Sommer might hinder their residencie In the Country of the Sydonians there vvas Dynastia which vvas called a linage of Kings that endured two hundred twentie fiue yeeres because all those Kings were of a good and vertuous conuersation The authority of Kings hath euer been accounted a thing diuine for Homer and Isocrates write that hee who gouerneth alone representeth a diuine maiestie In Egypt of Phylosophers they did chuse theyr Priests and of Priests their Kings with whom it was a law inuiolable that the King which had beene vvicked in his life shoulde not be buried after his death In the Ile Tabrobana kinges are chosen by election and not by blood Solinus Syllas dictatorship vvas called a negatiue ordained kingdom Appian The olde Romaine Kinges did vveare no crownes but held scepters in their hands of the vvhich Tarquinius was the last for that his sonne rauished Lucrecia the vvife of Collatinus Iustinus Plato following the fiction of Homer dyd write that kings children vvere composed of a precious masse to be seperated from the common sort Homer named kings Diogenes that is the generation of Iupiter and Diotrophes nourished by Iupiter and Aristes which Plato interpreteth to be the familiars of Iupiter and his disciples in politicke sciences The Kings of Persia in their priuie Chambers dispatched their greater matters themselues and left those of lesse consequence to their Princes It vvas a custome amongst the auncienâ— kings to put questions one to another to try the abilitie of theyr wits and certaine praiseâ— rewards were appointed to them that excelled Plutarch Salomon sent riddles problemes to king Hiram vvhom it cost very much because he could not assoile them vntill at length hee founde a young man of Tyrus called Abaâ—mon vvho deciphered vnto him the mosâ— part of them Dion The Kings of Persia shewed themselues more subiect to lawes then thir lords Zonaâ— The Kings of Lacedemonia did monthly sweare to guide themselues according to the Lavves and the Ephori tooke an oath in the behalfe of the people to see it executed Antiochus told his sonne Demetrius that their kingdome vvas a noble slauery There vvas foure Kings Princes which â—ad but one eye a peece Philip Alexanders â—ather Antigonus king of Macedonia Haâ—iball of Carthage and Sertorius a Romain The first lost his eye at Methon the second â—t Perinthia the third vpon the Alpes the â—ourth in Pontus Plutarch Alphonsus vvas the first king of Lusitania the sonne of Henry Loraine and Tiretia the â—ase daughter of Alphonsus king of Castile â—n one battaile he ouercame 5. princes of the Sarazines and therefore in his shielde bare 5. seuerall coates of honour Cor. Agrippa Pharamond sirnamed VVarmond vvas the first King of Fraunce vvho came out of Germanie hee bare in his shielde three blacke Toades Of Monarchies A Monarchie most significatly representeth the diuine regiment wherin absolute soueraigntie consisteth in one onely Prince who commaundeth all and is not to be commaunded of any THE latter Romaines had a Duarchie vvhich is comprehended vnder the gouernment Oligarchie their Empire was deuided into two partes the one Emperour of the East the other of the VVest Eutrop. Aristocratie is the rule or power of the best and most vertuous men approued for good lyfe and vvisedome directing their thoughts to no other end then a generall profit Oligarchie is wheÌ„ a fevv noble or rich men gouerne the Common-wealth reiecting the poore and baser sort Timocratie is the power of meane or indifferent vvealth gouerning by some
left his kingdome to Arnolphus the Sonne of Charlemaine he was brought to great misery and not hauing sufficient whereby to liue dyed at Sweuia in the 7 yeare of his raigne Arnolphus a couetous Prince raigned 12 yeares and dyed of Lyce after him the maiesty of the Empire came to the Germains which continued with the French-men for the space of 100 yeares Lodouicus the sonne of Arnolphus gouerned sixe yeares to vvhom also Conradus Duke of Austria ioyned and raigned seauen yeares Henry the sonne of Otho Duke of Saxony succeed him and ruled eighteene yeares by theyr ambition many tumults arose for the space of 60 yeares from Arnolphus death to Otho the first The Italians created Berengarius Emperour who at Verona ouercame Arnolphus and put out hys eyes hee gouerned foure yeares Berengarius the second succeeded him who was driuen out of the Countrey by Roâ—olphus King of Burgundy this Rodolph â—aigned three yeares and was expulsed his â—ingdome by Hugo a Duke he gouerned â—enne yeares leauing behind him Lothariâ—s his Sonne vvho ruled two yeares after â—hom Berengarius the third with his Sonne Adelbertus gouerned eleuen yeares vvho â—sing themselues vvith all tyrannie vvere by Otho dryuen out of Italy Otho the first the Sonne of Henry the first deposed Pope Iohn the thirteenth he vvas a Prince endued vvith singuler vertue hee dyed vvhen hee had ruled thirty yeares Otho the second restored Nicephorus Emperour of Constantinople beeing put â—ut of his kingdome into it agayne and married Theoponia his sister Henry Duke of Bauiers rebelled agaynst him but hee vvas by force of armes brought to obedience hee fought vvith the Greekes and Sarazens and being ouer-throwne he fled and vvas taken by Mariners who not knowing him for that hee spake the Greeke language redeemed him-selfe for a small price and returned to Rome soone after he dyed when hee had ruled 11. yeares somâ— write he was poysoned by the Italians Otho the third put Crescentius to death and put out the eyes of Pope Iohn the 10 who deposed Gregory the fifth whom he had made Pope and for that there was greaâ— dissention for the succession of the Empire with the assent of Gregory ordayned that 7. Princes of Germany should choose the Emperour 3. ecclesiasticall and 4. secular The Archbishop of Mentz Colein Trier to these were ioyned the Prince of Boheme for as then Bohemia had no King the CouÌ„ty Palatine of the Rhene the Duke of Saxony and the Marquesse of Bradenborough but amongst these the Elector Boheme is appoynted an Vmpeere to breake off all dissension in election if any rise This institution of Otho is farre more profitable then was the ordayning of the Areopagites amongst the Athenians or the Statutes of the Ephories to the Lacedemonians these Electors were appoynted the yerâ— of Christ 1002. Otho was poysoned by the wife of Crescentius whom he put to death when he had raigned 19. yeares his wifes namâ— was Mary daughter to the King of Aragon a woman giuen to all beastlines and intemperancâ—â—f life Henry the 2. sirnamed the haulting D. of â—auier succeeded him he was the first Emâ—eror chosen by the Electors raigned 22. â—eares he was wholy giuen to religion and godly life he brought the Hungarians to the Christian faith gaue his sister to Stephen theyr King in mariage and dyed at Bamâ—rige Conradus the French-man after an Interâ—egnum for 3. yeares was chosen Emperor â—orne of the daughter of Otho the first he â—ad fortunate wars against the Pannonians â—e subdued Burgundy and dyed in the 15. yeare of his raigne Henry the 3. called the Black the sonne of Conradus was elected in his time 3. vsurâ—ing Popes Gregory 6 Syluestes 3 and Benedict 9 were by him deposed and a 4. â—nstalled who was the Bishop of Bambrige called Clement the 2. he dyed when he had â—aigned 17. yeares Henry the fourth his sonne was cursed by Pope Hildebrand and by his treasons ouerthrowne he being very young his mother gouerned the Pope made Rodolphus Emperour and sent him a crowne whereon was written Petra dedit Petro Petrus diadema Râ—â—dolpho but this vsurper was ouercom by HeÌ„â—ry his hand cut off in the battel the whicâ— when he saw ready to die he sayd Loe 〈◊〉 Lords yee Bishops this is the hand where-witâ— I promised my Lorde Henry fayth and loyaltie iudge ye then how well you haue aduised me The Pope set the sonne also against the Father vvho besieged him at Mentz but by meanes of the Princes he departed thence the Father died when he had ruled 50 yeres his body lay vnburied 5 yeares by reason of the Popes curse Henry the fifth his Sonne withstoode the tiranny of Pope Paschalis and tooke his crowne from him he gouerned the Empire 20 yeares and dyed Lotharius the 2. Duke of Saxony raigned 13 yeares against whom Conradus made warre in his time the ciuill law gathered together by Iustinian and neglected through the tumults of warre was called againe to light he dyed of a Feauer Conradus the third Duke of Bauaria and Nephew to Henry the fourth had great wars with the Sarazins in Asia assisted by Richard sirnamed Cordelion and Lewes the French King he died without all glory renowne â—n the fifteene yeere of his Empire Fredericke the first called Oenobarbus or â—ith the red beard vvas a Prince indued â—ith very good qualities of minde and boâ—ie he ouerthrew Millaine to the ground â—hased Pope Alexander out of Rome and â—laced Octauius in his seate but vvhen hee â—ooke his iourney into Syria in the passage â—uer a riuer he vvas drowned vvhen he had â—aigned thirty and seauen yeeres hee made â—he Prince of Bohemia king for his faithfulâ—esse to him at Millaine Henry the 6. the sonne of F. Barbarossa â—ubdued the realme of Apulia he tooke Naâ—les and spoyled it He made his sonne Frederick being a childe Emperour with him â—y consent of the Electors whose wardshyp â—e dying committed to his brother Philip he ruled 8. yeeres Philip the sonne of F. Barbarossa was chosen Emperour for young Frederick raigned tenne yeeres against whom Innocentius the third erected Otho a Saxon but Philip ouercame him and vvas murthered of Otho Prince of Brunsinia in his Chamber this vvas called Otho the fourth who vvas excomunicated by the Pope was murdered in the 4. yeere of his raigne Fredericke the second sonne of Henry the sixt succeeded him and raigned 27. yeeres and yet before hee dyed vvas depriued fiue yeeres of the Empire by Innocentius hee vvas a vertuous and learned Prince in his time the faction arose betweene the Guelphes and the Gibelines the one vvith the Emperour the other with the Pope Conradus the fourth the son of Frederick vvas ouercome by the Lantgraue who wheÌ„ he perceiued himselfe destituted of the Germaine Princes ayde went to his hereditarie kingdome of Naples and there dyed vvhen he had raigned 4. yeeres VVilliam Countie of Holland vvas chosen Emperor after him a Prince of noble and vertuous actions
a confessour 440. Leo the first a Thuscane decreed that men should worship the Images of the dead and allowed the sacrifice of the Masse he dyed a confessour 462. Hilarius borne in Sardinia made a law that euery Minister should be put from his calling which maried either a widdow or diuorced vvoman and not a mayde he dyed a confessour 469. Simplicius a Tiburtinian shewed that the Church of Rome was the chiefe Church of all and commanded that none of the Clergy should acknowledge that he held any ecclesiasticall benefice of a lay man hee dyed a confessour 484. Felix the third a Romain decreed that the Clergy being accused of any matter should haue dayes granted to returne their answer and dyed a confessour 494. Gelasius an Affrican burned the bookes of the Manichees he made Himnes Prefaces Collects and Prayers he seuered the Apocrypha from canonicall Scripture he dyed a confessour 497. Anastasius the second a Romaine communicated with the Eutichians Nestorians he excommunicated the Emperor in the yere of our lord 499. on the stool of his easement his bowels issued out of his belly he died a confessour as Volaterranus writeth Symmachus a Sardinian was chosen Bishop not without great dissention among the Clergy Vspergensis sayth that at his election one Laurence was set vp against him wher-vpon many slaughters both of the people and Clergy were made in Rome during the space of three yeares but Symmachus preuailed and dyed a martir 514. Hormisda borne in Campania excommunicated Anastatius the Emperor because he said that it was an office due vnto the Emperor to coÌ„maund not to be at a Bishops coÌ„mandement he died a confessour 523. Iustinus the Emperor as Isodorus writeth made Hormisda of an Archbishop Patriarch of Rome from the time of Syluesteâ— the Romaine Prelates were Archbishops foâ— the space of 200. yeres that is from the yere 320. vntill the yeare 520. at what time they were first made Patriarchs by the Emperoâ— Iustinus Iohn the first a Tuscane being the worthiest man of all this latter companie gaue a testimony of his pure life by suffering paciently vndeserued death at the commaundement of Theodoricus King of Italy 627. Faelix the fourth borne in Samia excommunicated the Patriarch of Constantinople misdeemed of heresie he commaunded that they which lay a dying should be anoynted with oyle and dyed a Confessour 530. Boniface the second a Romaine seuered the Clergy from the Laity by making the Quier in the Church he dyed a Confessour 532. Iohn the second a Romaine called Mercury for his eloquence or the Embassadour of Iupiter died a Confessour 534. Agapetus the first a Romaine was sent by Theodorus King of the Gothes as his Embassadour to pacifie Iustinianus the Empeâ—our for the cruell murder of Amalasimitha â— noble Queene and an excellent learned woman whose worthy vertues the same Emperour reuerenced highly which he obtayned and ordayned procession dying a Conâ—essour 535. Syluerius borne in Campania by the prouocation of Vigilius a Deacon who did accuse him that he would betray Rome to the Gothes for the which he was banished into Pontus by Theodora the Empresse Antonina the wife of Bellizarius he dyed in his exile being a Confessour 527. Vigilius a Romaine the crafty accuser of Syluerius was by these women aduanced to the Sea but not keeping promise with the Empresse in some matters she caused him to be brought to Constantinople beaten and banished he appoynted that seruice should be sayd the Priest standing with his face into the East hee dyed a Confessour in Cilicia 554. Pelagius a Romaine to please Totylus king of the Gothes made a publique decree that it was needfull to haue the authority of the Prince and consent of the people in creation of Bishopps hee dyed a Confessour 566. About this time Totyla King of the Gotheâ— besieged Rome which being miserably opâ—pressed with extreame famine was compelâ—led to yeld it himself to the sauage peple vnâ—der which it continued 10. yeres Vspergenâ— Iohn the third a Romaine contrary to 〈◊〉 predecessour decreed that none ought to bâ— called chiefe Priest or vniuersall Bishop 〈◊〉 dyed at Rome 577. In his time the Armenians became Christians Benedictus the first a Romaine was Bishop when the Lombards spoiled Italy he dyed for griefe to see so many miseries in the Citty of Rome 582. Pelagius the second while the Citty was besieged contrary to custome was made Bishop without the Emperours commaundement and to pacifie him sent one Gregory a Monke to Constantinople he died 590. Gregory the great a Romaine of a Monk and a Deacon was made Bishop he was the best of all the chiefe Romaine Patriarks for good life and doctrine he turned his parents houses into monastries dedicated the first of them to Saint Andrew the Apostle he appoynted chaunters for the day and night he solemnized the feast of the purification of our blessed Lady with waxe candles wherof 〈◊〉 is called Candlemas day hee builded sixe Monasteries of his owne cost in Sicilia and â—edicated Agathais Church hee was the first â—hat gaue pardons vppon certaine dayes to â—uch as came to Church He gaue stipends to three thousand maids â—ee allowed by decree the first 5. Counsells â—nd that the last will and tastament of euery man should be ratified hee sent Augustine a Moncke to reclaime the English Saxons to â—he church of Rome hee remoued the right of the Archbishopricke from London and â—ranslated it to Canterburie In his tyme Iohn Patriarch of Constantinople by the consent of Mauritius vvould needes bee called the vniuersall Bishop but Gregory would not agree to it Hee though otherwise learned and godâ—y burdened the Church the religion of God with more ceremonies then had the Iewes he writ Homilies expounded the most part of the Bible professed himselfe in his writings Seruus seruorum Dei seruaunt to Gods seruaunts shewing thereby hovve farre he was from ambition thys title hys successors continue He first commaunded Priests to single life but vvhen hee sawe the inconueniences that came thereby vvith sorrow and repentance he reuoked that Caron Sabirianus a Thuscane for the hate he baâ—â— to his predecessor after that hee had published certaine slaunders against him coÌ„manded that his bookes should bee burned thyâ— was the last of the Romaine Patriarchs be dyed an 606. Boniface the third obtained the supremacie of Phocas an 607. vvho murdered his Lord and Maister Mauritius his wife and chyldren since which time they neuer ceased to augment theyr dignitie and power In his decrees he writ VVe will and commaund he died not enioying his rule one yeere Boniface the fourth obtained of Phocas the Emperour that the Church of Rome called Pantheon which the heathen had dedicated to their gods should bee translated to the seruice of Christ called Alhallowes Church Theodatus deuised a new-found alliance betweene the God-father and the God-daughter and between the God-mother the god-sonne calling it spiritual consanguinitie and
some doe not reckon him among the Popes especially Vincentius He begot Pope Iohn the 11. in detestable adultery Petrus Premonstratensis Iohn the eleueth vvas made Pope by the meanes of Theodola a Curtezane for the loue she bare to him he ouercame the Sarazens that wasted Calabria Apulia and Italy Hee was smothered by Guido Marquesse of Thusca his souldiers which Guido married the daughter of Theodora that shee might aduaunce her base son by Sergius the thyrd vvho vpon thys Popes death vvas elected but for that the agreement of the people and the Clergie was not certaine he was deposed the same day Leo the sixt established peace in Italy and after he had raigned 7. months he was poisoned by Marozia Stephen the seauenth liued in peace tvvo yeeres and as Crantius writeth he was poysoned Iohn the 12. raigned 5. yeeres while his mother Marozia ruled as wel the estate temporall as spirituall in Rome Leo the 7. lyued quietly and did nothing vvorthy of remembrance hee dyed Anno 941. Stephen the 8. a Germaine borne was greatly vexed with ciuill seditions amongst the Romaines he died anno 944. Martin the third repaired the Churches was very beneficiall to the poore and diligent in reforming of outward manners hee dyed ann 947. Agapetus the second caused Otho the first to vvage warre against Berengarius a Marquesse of Italy promising him therefore the kingdome of the Romaines as Sabellicus writeth he died an 954. Iohn the 13. was of so loose and intemperately life that the Emperour by the consent of the Prelates deposed him and sette vp Leo the 8. but when the Emperour was gone those harlots that were Iohns cōpanions promised the Nobles of Rome the treasures of the Church to depose Leo place Iohn againe which they did He decreed that the Emperor should euer be crowned at Rome by the Pope but as hee was solacing himselfe without Rome a certaine night with the wife of one that scorned to be called a well contented man id est a Cuckold he was killed forthwith in the 10. yeare of his Popedome Of him came the prouerbe as merry as Pope Iohn Leo the 8. who fled to the Emperour when he was deposed after the death of Iohn was restored againe he gaue to Otho authority absolute to elect the pope as once Charls the great did after a yere 3. moneths he died Iohn the 14. was quietly chosen he allured the kingdom of Poland to accept him as supreame head of all Churches in this time they began to giue proper names to bels and he called the great bell of Leteran after his owne name dyed anno 973. Benedictus the 6. was imprisoned in Castel Angelo by Cynthius a man of great power and there hee was strangled or as some say poysoned in his time beganne the name of Cardinals to be vsed as Carion reporteth Donus the second gouerned indifferently deseruing neyther great praise nor dispraise for a yeare and sixe moneths he dyed anno 975. Benedictus the fifth was deposed by Otho that he might restore Leo he dyed in exile anno 964. Boniface the seauenth doubting his safety at Rome fled to Constantinople and in his absence the Romaines made one Iohn the 15. Pope but at his returne he tooke Iohn thrust out his eyes put him in prison and pined him to death but shortly after he dyed of the falling sicknes and after his death his body was dispightfully vsed Iohn the 15. was Pope eight moneths in the absence of Boniface Iohn the 16 as soone as he was Pope began to beare deadly hatred against the Clergy and they likewise abhorred him because he neglected the dignity of the Romaine sea and bestowed the riches vpon his kindred and harlots which fault Platina and Stella say hath continued among the Clergy vnto our time hee dyed the eight yeare of hys raigne Iohn the 17. was very well learned published diuers books he was likewise expert in warlike affaires in his time Crescentius the Consull went about to make himselfe King of Rome wherfore he departed into Hetruria but Crescentius fearing that he went for the Emperor sent for him to returne which he did and was receaued with all humility by Crescentius who falling downe before him kissed his feete and craued pardon This Iohn dyed anno 995. Gregory the fifth beeing the Emperours Cosen was by his authority made Pope whō Crescentius the Consull with the people deposed and established Iohn the 18. Bishop of of Placentia Gregory complained to the Emperour who ouercame Crescentius and killed him and caused Iohns eyes to be put out whereof he dyed Gregory dyed the 3. yeare of his Popedome Iohn the 18. was very learned and rich but proud and couetous which was his ouerthrow he dyed as before Syluester the second a Frenchman addicted wholy to deuilish arts be tooke himselfe to the Author thereof both body and soule who told him that he should not dye vntill he sayd Masse in Ierusalem wherfore he perswaded himselfe of long life as minding not to come there but saying Masse in the Pallace of the holy Crosse which was called Ierusalem in a terrible shiuering and quaking he dyed miserably anno 1003. Iohn the 19. by those means that Syluester vsed came to be Pope who after hee had raigned fiue moneths was poysoned by his owne friends Iohn the 20. likewise by Magick got to be Pope and was altogether giuen to idlenes as Platina saith he dyed in the 4. yeare o◠his raigne Sergius the fourth was a pleasant merry familiar companion in his time was great pestilence and famine in Italy and in Loraine a fountaine turned into blood he dyed anno 1012. Benedictus the eight by the Magicall charmes of his Nephew Theophilactus who was Syluesters Scholler obtayned the Popedome and was therein defended by Henry Bauarius because he had bestowed on him the crowne emperiall but after his death the Cardinalls deposed him and set vp another but hee vvith money compounded and was restored agayne hee dyed anno 1025. Iohn the 21. brother of the former Benedict being a lay man was made Pope by the coniuring of Theophilactus he so continued 11. yeares Benedict the ninth who before was Theophilact as he aduanced his vncles by his Magicke Arts so now hee brought to passe by them to succeede in theyr dignities he after the death of Conradus sought to disinherite his sonne Henry the 3. of the Empire and to plant in his sted Peter King of Hungary to whom hee sent the crowne of the Empire with this verse Petra dedit Romam Petro tibi Papa coronam Henry ouercame Peter and tooke him prisoner and sette forward to Rome which the Pope hearing of sold his Popeship to Iohn Gratian after called Gregory the 6. in the meane time the Romains deposed Benedict placed in his sted Iohn Bishop of Saba Syluester the third King of Saba enioyed the roome but 49. daies and was by the Emperor driuen out and constrained to returne to
his Bishopricke Gregory the 6 learned the Magicall Sciences of Syluester the 2. in the seauenth yere of the Emperour Henry the third Benedict Syluester and Gregory made themselues 3. seuerall seates in Rome to whom Iohn Graâ—ian came and perswaded them euery one to take a peece of mony and giue ouer their titles which they did For this cause the Romaines created him Pope called Clement the second which the Emperour hearing of came to Rome and condemned the three former Popes and allowed of Gratianus He was poisoned the ninth month after his creation Damasus the second obtained the Sea by force without the Emperours commaundement but the 30. day after he was poysoned Leo the 9 Bishop of Toledo was betraied to the Normaines by Hildebrand and Theophilact who hardly escaping their rage at his returne at Rome was poysoned by Brazutus the fifth yeare of his Popedome Victor the second a Germaine when hee had raigned two yeares was likewise poysoned of Brazutus Stephen the ninth the Duke of Lorains brother caused the Church of Rome which for 200. yeares had defied the suprenacy of Rome to becom subiect vnto it he in a counsell at Florence commaunded many things against Dualities Pluralities and Totquots but he was poysoned by Brazutus at Hildebrands request Benedict the tenth was made Pope contrary to the oath which the Clergy made to Hildebrand who deposing Benedict set vp Gerhard Bishop of Florence naming him Nicholas the second Benedict liued an outlaw after he had beene Pope 9. moneths Nicholas the second was by the meanes of Hildebrand poisoned of Brazutus he first ordayned that Cardinals should choose the Pope he condemned Berengarius compelled him to reuoke what he taught of the sacrament Alexander the second was made Pope by Hildebrands meanes against the Emperors mind against whom the Lombards set vp by the Emperours consent one Cadolus who came to Rome but with his great army was put to flight the Emperour sent the Archbishop of Coleine with his authority to debate the matter but Hildebrand withstoode it in the end the Pope of his owne voluntary sayde openly that hee would no longer continue in the Sea without the Emperours good will Hildebrand vpon this with a troupe of armed Souldiours tooke the Pope and beate him because he had so protested and casting him into prison alowed him but 5. shillings a day retaining all the rest of the reuenewes to himselfe Alexander in this misery dyed and the same houre Hildebrand vvas installed Pope by his Souldiers without consent oâ— the people or Clergy Gregory the 7. first called Hildebrand as his companion Brazutus and Beuno writes poysoned sixe or seauen popes before hee came to the place he excommunicated the Emperour Henry the 4. without lawfull accusation canonicall citation or iudiciall order caused his peeres to reuolt from him giuing his crowne to Rodolphus The Emperour with his wife and his sonne in the depth of vvinter wayted 3. dayes and three nights at the popes gates fasting from morning to night humbly suing for pardon vpon his knees but the pope would neyther pardon nor absolue him but vpon hard conditions all which the Emperor promised to performe by his hand and seale yet was noâ— restored This pope commanded the Saterday to be fasted and tooke away the crowne from the King of Poland but Henry the Emperour anno Domini 1083. depriued him of his place and placed in his sted Clement the third Hildebrand forsaken of all fledde to Salerne where he ended his life in great misery 1086. Victor the third defended Gregories acts against the Emperour and Clement erected by him hee was poysoned as Harmanus Carsulanus and Praemonstratensis writeth by his Deacon who at Masse-time put the poyson into the Chalice Vrban the second was made pope by Matilda and the Norman Lords in Apulia in despight of the Emperour hee excommunicated Clement the third established by the Emperour and the Emperour himselfe on the other side Clement excoÌ„municated him as an vsurper Vrban first caused all that should take order to sweare with this clause So God helpe me and the holy Euangelist Hee dyed anno 1099. the same yeare dyed also Clement the third who in his time saw the death of three popes Paschall the second an Italian would not take the place vpon him vntill the people had cryed three times Saint Peter chooseth thee woorthy man Raynard for so vvas hee called before hee did prouoke and arme Henry the fift to rebell against the Emperor his father he dyed 1118. Gelasius the 2. chosen without the Emperors consent was deposed in his sted was set vp Gregory the 8. who dyed in exile Calixtus the second of the royall bloods of England and Fraunce continued his predicessours excoÌ„munication against the Emperour with whom he tooke peace Gregory the 8. whom he had made Pope yet lyuing the Emperour yeelded vp his right to the Pope and was absolued he tooke Gregory and put him into a monastry hee dyed of a feauer 1125. Honorius the second of base birth for his learning was made Pope hee by his Cardinall condemned all the English Clergy of adultry which had wyfes and was taken him selfe in one night in the same fault Honorius dyed anno 1130. Innocentius the second sought to suppresse Roger Duke of Sicilia for saying that he was King of Italy whom the Pope in a battaile ouercame but the Duke his sonne tooke the Pope and his Cardinals in this time the Romaines created Leo his sonne Pope and called him Anacletus By the aydes of Phillip King of Fraunce Lotharius of Germany he ouerthrew Anacletus with Duke Roger for which he crowned Lotharius Emperor He gaue to Reginald his chiefest Captaine the Dukdom of Apulia which was the inheritance of Roger but after Reginalds death Roger claimed his right being withstood he tooke the pope who for his ransom made him King of both Sicills and so since that time the kingdom of Sicill is called S. Peters patrimony he dyed anno 1143. Celestine the second a Thuscane dyed the sixth moneth of his Popeship Lucius the second disanulled the office of Patricianship in Rome which the Romaines being weary of the Popes yoake had made in the time of Innocentius because the Pops tooke vpon them all sway within the Country and abroade about which he was by the Cittizens slaine in a tumult 1145. hauing not raigned a yeare Eugenius the third for his learning vvas had in great reuerence yet seeking to suppresse the Patrician he was driuen from Tiburie into Fraunce and returning to Rome dyed 1152. Anastasius the fourth of a Cardinall becam pope he died in the second yere of his popedome Hadrian the fourth an Englishman before called Nicholas Breakspeare suffered the Emperor Frederick the 1. to hold his stirop and was angry with him for mistaking it he dyed 1159. being choaked with a flye as he dranke water he made King Henry the second of England Lord of Ireland Alexander the third was
chosen pope but not by all parties and therfore the Emperor appoynted Octauius whom he called Victor the fourth after whose death three Popes succeeded in order Paschalis Calixtus and Innocentius against Alexander hee trod vpon the Emperours necke who sued being excommunicated to be vbsolued dyed 1181. Lucius the third a Thuscane borne of an honourable house enioyed the popedome with much trouble he died at Verona anno 1185. Vrbanus the third for his seditious troublesome dealing was called Turbanus hee dyed anno 1188. Gregory the eight was carefull for the recouery of the Holy land vvho going to stirrre vp the Pisans and Genowais in this matter he was poysoned when he had raigned two moneths Clement the third after the death of VVilliam King of Sicill who had no heire claymed it to bee tributary to the Church of Rome but the people chose TraÌ„cred bastard to King VVilliam who withstoode the pope and his forces he dyed 1191. Celestine the third crowned Henry the sixt Emperour and put the crowne vpon his head with his foote whilst hee stooped and then spurned it off saying I haue power to make and vnmake Emperours at my pleasure he dyed 1198. Innocentius the third enraged that Phillip vvas made Emperour agaynst his vvill sayde Eyther shall the Pope spoyle Phillip of his crowne and Empire or else shall Phillippe take from the Pope his Apostolicall dignitie Hee stirred vppe Otho a Duke against him and by another Otho he vvas slayne who vvas afterwardes made Emperour by the Pope He excommunicated Otho and spoyled him of al his estate creating in his place Frederick the second he also excommunicated and cursed king Iohn of England but by submission hee receaued his crowne of Pandolphus the Popes Legate he dyed 1216. Honorius the third graunted Archbishops power to giue pardons faculties dispensations dualities pluralities within theyr Diocesse being sicke of the spirituall dropsie he dranke vp the treasures gf the Clergy and had two Prebends of euery cathedrall Church in England one of the Bishops stipend and the other from the Charter as Matheus Parisius writeth in his time it rayned blood for the space of three dayes in Rome he dyed 1227. Gregory the ninth maintayned the quarell of Honorius against the Emperour whom he excommunicated and cursed three times as Abbas Vspergensis wryteth vvhilst the Emperour was warring in the Holy land he tooke Apulia into his possession he made the diuision in Italy betweene the Guelphs and Gibelines he died for thought that the Emperours power preuailed agaynst him 1241. Caelestine the fourth an aged man purposed to pursue the quarrell against Frederick but that he was poysoned the 18. day of his raigne Innocentius the fourth deposed Frederick from the Empire cursed his sonne Conradus in his time by a counsell held at Lions it was decreed that the Cardinals should ride on their trapped Iennets throgh the streets and weare red hats crimson robes to signifie sayth Parisius that they are ready to spend theyr blood for the catholique fayth but as Platina wryteth for the honour of their estate Robert Grosted Bishop of Lincolne detested and defied both in preaching and wryting this popes couetousnes pride and tirany nor would admit an vnlearned youth to a canoniship of Lincolne but rebuked the pope for it in a letter Cestensis in his seauenth booke wryteth that when this Bishop of Lincolne dyed a voyce was heard in the popes Court saying Veni miser in iudicium Dei Come thou wretch to be iudged of God and that the pope was found dead in his bed the next day a blew stroke vpon his body as though he had been beaten with a staffe anno 1253 he being at Naples and gaping for the kingdome of Sicill Alexander the fourth persecuted the King of Sicill and in his time anno 1258. Richard Earle of Cornwall sonne to King Iohn of England was chosen King of Almaine for his great treasure and the pope procured that he was chosen Emperour but he did that closely because hee had likewise for the same matter taken a bribe of Alphonsus King of Spaine wher-vpon a Poet made this verse Nummus ait pro me nubet Cornubia Romae Thus money sayth for loue of me Cornwall with Rome shall linked be This Pope dyed anno Domini 1262. Vrban the fourth before Patriarch of Ierusalem as soone as he was pope commaunded Souldiours out of Fraunce to subdue Manfred the enemy of their Church vvhile this pope was from Rome at Pruse the Romains coueting their old liberties made a new kind of officers calling them Branderesies vvho had power of life death in their hands Mascaeus sayth that a blazing starre appeared three nights before the death of Vrban and ceased the same night he dyed 1264. Clement the fourth before he came to be Pope was a maried man and had three children by his wife hee sent for Charles Earle of Aniow to bring an Army into Italy where he slew Manfred and was made King of Sicill and Ierusalem vpon condition that he should pay yerely to the pope forty thousand crownes hee dyed at Viterbium 1270. and the seate was void two yeares Gregory the 10 of the house of Millaine made peace betweene the Venâ—tiuns and Genevvayes hee excommunicated the Florentines After the Empire had beene voyde a long time he made Rodolphus Earle of Haspurg Emperour because he should maintaine ciuill dissention after that Alphonsus king of Spayne had bestovved huge summes of money in hope to be Emperour especially the Duke of Cornvvall beeing deade the Pope appeased him with words enough but no recoÌ„pence in mony toward his charges Hee died at Arelium in the fift yeere of his popeship is there buried who neuer cam to Rome nor saw it Parisius Innocentius the 5. dyed the same yere that Gregory did raigning but 6. months Hadrian the 5. died at ViterbiuÌ„ ere he was coÌ„secrated Pope 40. daies after his election Iohn the 22. a Phisition by profession succoured with money and ecclesiasticall lyuings diuers young men that vvere toward in learning and especially the poorest Hee prophecied by the course of starres that hee should lyue long but vvhilst he vvas vainely vaunting thereof the Chamber vvherein he vvas fell down suddenly Valerius calleth the place which fel down Gamesters hall and Stella the Popes precious Chamber for the gorgiousnes therof he raigned 8. months Nicholas the 3. by his falshoode brought Flaunders Bononia and the royalty of Rauenna vvhich long time belonged to the Emperour vnder his owne power he dyed suddenly of an Apoplexie without speaking any word ann 1281. Martin the 4. bestowed great priuiledges vpon the begging Friers and as hee was taking his accustomed recreation vvith hys Cardinalls as Carsulanus writeth a certain secret disease came vppon him whereof hee dyed an 1285. This Pope in the first yeere of his raigne receiued into his familiarity the Concubine of his predecessor Nicholas but to auoyde the like chaunce that his child
banishment then by talk openly to beseech fauour or forgiuenesse at the hands of the Athenians Nero after hee had killed his mother confessed that vvhilst he slept he vvas troubled by her and tormented vvith the sight of Furies Cor. Tacitus A souldiour that fled whom Epaminondas that famous Thebane General pursued in returning backe slew him Niceas the generall Captaine of the Athenians through the feare which he had conceiued of the darknesse of an ecclips of the Moone and not knovving the cause thereof stayed so long determining vvith hymselfe that his enemies enclosed him round about vvhere-vpon he vvas taken aliue and put to death besides forty thousand Athenians that vvere taken and slaine In the Citty of Sparta vvhich for Armes and Artes flourished most among the Grecians there vvas a Temple consecrated to feare vvhich they sayd better preserued the estate of the Common-vvealth then any other thing Claudius the Emperor vvas so faintharted base minded and blockish that his mother said often of him That nature had begun but not finished him Agamemnon dispensed with a rich coward for going to vvarre personally for a Marâ— vvhich he gaue him Homer M. Aurelius vvas so farre from fearing hys subiects that he had neither gard nor porter in his Court. Of Ingratitude Vnder this monster haue all vices vvith a curse beene comprehended omnia dixeris si ingratum dixeris most rightly figured in swine who eate the Acorns but neuer looke vp to the tree SOcrates beeing pronounced by the Oracle of Apollo to bee the vvisest man in all Greece vvas poysoned for his religious care hee had in bringing vp the youth of Athence The Syracusans banished Dion by vvhosâ— vvisedome and valour they recouered theyâ— liberty and being afterward repealed they killed him Anthony in the time of Vespasian after alâ— his seruice against the Vitellians and after hâ— had recouered Rome vvas suspected by Mutianus brought to Rome without authoritie and visiting Vespasian in Asia hee was so coldly entertained that hee dyed shortlie after Philip the French-king put one of hys souldiours out of pay because hee was vnthankfull and caused him to bee marked in the fore-head with the vvord vnthankfull The ingratitude of the Romaines tovvard Scipio vvas by reason of the conceiued suspect of his fortunes the suddainenes of hys expedition and the greatnes of his enemies Plutarch Plato that princely Phylosopher called Aristotle a Mule because a Mule vvhen hee hath suckt his fill and hath enough of hys Dammes milke casteth vp his heeles and kicks vnkindly by this hee signified the ingratitude and vnthankfull nature of Aristotle for hee hauing receiued his Phylosophy from Plato disdained his Maister and in despight gathered an assembly and planted a Schoole Laertius The Athenians greatly commended thankfulnesse yet no Nation was more vnthankfull then themselues Caesar vvhen hee had ouercome Pompey at Pharsalia gaue great charge to his Captaines that in any wise they should saue Brutus but hee afterwarde like an vngratefull person vvas the chiefest of the conspirators Appian Laena vvho by Ciceros helpe had been saued from death pulled his heade out of the Litter and cutte it off hauing three stroaks making three vvoundes for vvant of cunning He cut off his hand also with which he wrote against Anthonie Idem The noble King Seleucus vvas kylled by Ptolomey Ceraunus whom hee had saued from the fury of his Father which vvoulde haue murdered him Craesus beeing releeued before hee came to his kingdome by one Pamphaes aftervvard in token that he had not forgotten this good turne he sent him a chariot full of siluer Darius when he was not superiour to a priuate man receiuing a rich robe of Solon for a giâ—t after that hee was confirmed in the throne royall he recompenced his curtesie committing vnto him the gouernment anâ— iurisdiction of the country of Samos Pyrrhus was exceedingly grieued for thâ— death of a friend who dyed before hee haâ— requited his many fauours The Romaines gaue him intelligence of a treason intended against him who to shevve himselfe thankfull sent backe vnto them a number of prisoners and vvould receiue no raunsome An Arabian Turke Admirall of the Infidels in their warre against Baldvvin King of Ierusalem vvas with his vvife and children taken prisoners whom the king set free in lue whereof he went by night and tolde him of the purpose of his companions and led him out of the towne from danger Cato the elder solde his old seruaunts that had serued him a long time in the market as wee vse to sell beastes a foule blot in so famous a man Solon for all the good desarts of his country was banished from thence and constrained to end his life at Cyprus Valerius Of Treason The enemy to loyaltie is Treason a thing of â—ll others most odious to God and among men â—east prosperous as by the euents appeare TArpeia for loue of gold dyd betray the Capitoll of Rome vnto Tatius King of the Sabines but vvith the golde receiued her deaths vvound Liuius Antigonus made much of those Traytors that went about to pleasure him but hauing once obtained his purpose he rewarded the vvith death A Schoole-maister among the Phalerians hauing the bringing vp of all the noble youth in the Citty betrayed them to Camillus hoping thereby to get reward fauour of the Romaines but Camillus disdaining his treason caused him to be stript and his handes bound behind him and gaue his schollers rodds and vvhyps to beate him home to the Citty Plutarch Fabritius sent Pyrrhus vvord of his trayterous Phisitian Plut. Lyciscus rotted aboue the ground for hys treasons against the Orchomenians The Embassadors that come to the Emperour of Tartary before they deliuer theyâ— message must of force passe betvveen tvvo fiers onely for this cause that if they bring any poyson by the force of the flames it may kill themselues The Athenians woulde suffer none to bee buried that were traytors to theyr country Bessus for his trayterous murdering of Darius vvas adiudged by Alexander to bee torne in sunder with two trees bowed downe together by maine strength one against the other vnto which his body vvas fastened Curtius Lasthenes hauing holpen King Philip to become maister of Olynthus whereof hee was an inhabitant complained to the King that certaine called him traytor but hee receiued this onely aunswere that the Macedonians were naturally rude grosse calling a Spade a Spade and all thinges else by theyr proper name Darius caused the heade of his sonne Ariobarzanes to be cut off because hee sought to betray his Armie to Alexander Augustus with his own hands put out the eyes of one that vvas accused vnto him of treason Mahomet hauing taken Constantinople through the treason of Iohn Iustinian of Genua after he had made him king according to promise within 3. daies after cut off hys head Dioclesian the Emperour tooke an oath in the open assembly of the souldiours that Numerianus vvas not slaine by any his treason and
the name of pouerty was honoured at Rome vvhich was by the space of 400. yeares after the foundation thereof Pleasure could neuer set foote as there but â—fter that Pouerty began to be contemned â—ertue immediatly tooke her flight from â—hence which was their vtter ouerthrow Valerius Publicola hauing foure times â—eene Consull of Rome the onely man for gouernment in war and peace his pouerty is â—ecorded not to his shame but to his praise Liuius Poore Aristides had not the least honour â—n the seruice at Salamis and at Plateus was â—he chiefe leader of all the Athenian forces â—hoÌ„ Vertue did put forward Pouerty could not hold back nor dismay Herodotus Fabritius being in pouerty was sent in Emâ—assage amongst other Romaines to Pyrrhus of whom Pyrrhus tooke such lyking â—hat to winne him to be his he proffered him â—he fourth part of his kingdome Eutropius Ephialtes beeing cast in the teeth with his pouerty sayde VVhy doost not thou make â—ehearsall of the other thing namely that I loue â—aw and regard right Aelian One of Catoes sonnes of 15. yeares age was banished for breaking of an earthen pot in a maydes hand that went for water so waâ— Cinnaes sonne because hee entered a Garden and gathered fruite without leaue The Ostracisme amongst the Athenians was a banishment for a time whereby the brought dovvne them that seemed to exceede in greatnes This was inuented by Clisthenes A rude rusticke fellow happened to meet Aristides bearing a scroale of paper in hyâ— hand and desired him to wryte the name oâ— Aristides therein who meruailing thereat asked whether any man had been by him iniured No quoth he but I cannot in any wisâ— endure the sirname of Iustus Plutarch At such time as the Ephesi banished theyâ— Prince Hermodonus they pronounced thiâ— sentence Let none of vs excell another but iâ— any so doe let him no longer heere dwell but inhabite else where Cicero Celliodorus the Phylosopher was banished in the prosperity and fury of the Marians not for the euils they found in him buâ— for the vices he reproued in them Vulturnus a man in Astrology profoundly learned was banished by M. Antonius because Cleopatra hated him Bestius and Colla Gentlemen of Rome when they had boldly declared theyr seruice for the common-wealth and reprehended the Senatours before they would be cast out by decree voluntarily exiled themselues Appian Sittius was the first and onely man that as a stranger was an outlaw in his owne Country Idem Of Death Death is faigned of the Poets to be the sister of Sleepe both borne of their mother Night a Goddesse impartiall and inexorable as sparing none and the Aegiptians by an Owle sitting vpon a tree signifie death This all-killing power triumphans cedit and by death is ouercome EPaminondas ready to giue vp the ghost willed the poysoned shaft to bee pulled from his deadly wound wheÌ„ it was giuen him to vnderstand that his shield was found safe and his enemies put to flight he cheerefully departed out of this world Cicero Gorgias Leontinus being very sick a frend of his demanded of him how he felt himselfe in body he answered Now Sleepe beginneth to deliuer me to the power of his brother Death Asdrubals wife the last Lady of Carthage had the lyke end in death as the first Lady Dido had for she threw her selfe and her two sonnes into the fire Herod because hee would make the Iewes sorry for his death whether they would or no dying commanded to sley all the Noble mens children of Iury. Iosephus Vespasian ready to dye stoode vp sayd It becommeth an Emperour to passe out of this world standing Calanus an Indian Gymnosophist when he had taken his long leaue of Alexander piled vp a bonfire in the suburbs of Babilon of dry wood of Cedar Rosemary Cypres Mirtle Laurell then he mounted the pile the Sunne shining in his face whose glorious beames he worshipped then he gaue a token to the Lacedemonians to kindle the fire stoutly and valiantly dyed Cercidas an Arcadian ready to dye said to his companions I am not loath to depart this life for I hope to see and talke with Pythagoras among the Phylosophers with Liuius among the Historiographers with Orpheus among the Musitians and with Homer among the Poets which words as soone as he had vttered hee gaue vp the ghost Plato dying thanked nature for three cauâ—es the first that he was borne a man not beast the second that hee was borne in Greece and not in Barbary the third that â—ee was borne in Socrates time who taught â—im to die well Antemon was so desirous to liue and so â—earefull to dye that scarse he would trauaile â—broade and compelled to goe two of his â—eruants bore ouer his head a great brazen Target to defend him from any thing which might happen to hurt him Massinissa King of Numidia rather committed his estate and life vnto dogs then vnto men as his gard to keepe and defend him from death Hector sayd to Andromache Be not sorry for my death for all men must die Homer Polydamas entering into a Caue to defend himselfe from the rayne through the violence of the water the Caue fell downe vpon him Cicero Anacreons breath was stopped with a grape kernell that stucke in his throate Plinie Euripides returning home from King Archelaus his supper was torne in peeces of dogs Gellius Aeschilus sitting in a sunny place in Sicily an Eagle flying ouer taking his white bald head for a stone strooke the shell of a Tortoyse which was in his bill against his head and dashed out his braine Valerius Pyndarus laying his head downe to sleep in the bosome of a boy whom he loued neueâ— awaked Suidas Ennius would not haue his death lamented because he was famous in his works yet Solon would haue his death bewailed writ to put his friends in minde Let my departure wayed be let my friends draw sighs for me Trophonius and Agamedes hauing built a sumptuous temple to Apollo of Delphos begged the most profitable thing that might bee giuen to man after the third day they were found dead Cicero Velcurio the learned Phylosopher lying vpon his death-bed when his friends came to comfort him sayde The Father is my Creatour the Sonne my Redeemer the holy Ghost my Comforter how can I then be sorrowfull or dismayde The day before that Caesar went to the Senate hee had beene at a banquet with Lepidus talking meerely vvhat death was best for a man some saying one and some another he of al praised the sodaine death which happened to him Appian The Scots in theyr owne Chronicles haue recorded that of one hundred fiue Kings â—here dyed not aboue 50. of naturall deaths Gasper Peucerus Of Vsurie Vsury of some called Interest but without reason why sith money let to interest returneth but with his proper summe the daughter of Couetousnes and Ambition may well be called a continuall sire which euer encreaseth through
table Idem Of Lechery This bewitching euill beeing an vnbrideled appetite in whomsoeuer it raigneth killeth all good motions of the minde altereth dryeth weakeneth the body shortning lyfe diminishing memory and vnderstanding CYrena a notorious strumpet vvas sirnamed Dode camechana for that shee inuented and found out tvvelue seuerall waies of beastly pleasure Cor. Arip Proculeius the Emperour of an hundred Sarmatian virgins he tooke captiue he deflowred tenne the first night and all the rest vvithin fifteene dayes after Hercules in one night deflowred fiftie Theophrastus writeth of an Indian hearbe vvhich who so eateth is able to performe 70. seuerall actions Iohannes á Casa Archbishop of Beneuento and Legate in Venice vvrit a booke in praise of the abhominable vice of Sodomitrie Sigismond Malatesta striued to haue carnall knowledge of his sonne Robert vvho thrusting his dagger into his fathers bosom reuenged his wickednes Cleopatra had the vse of her brother Ptolomeus company as of her husbands Antiochus stayed a whole vvinter in Chalcidea for one mayde which he there fancied Lust vvas the cause of the vvarres between the Romaines and the Sabines Liuius Thalesthis Queene of the Amazons came 25. dayes iourney to lie vvith Alexander Iustinus Adultery in Germany is neuer pardoned Tacitus Messalina and Popilia vvere so incontinent that they coÌ„tended vvith most shamefull harlots prostrating themselues without respect of time place or company to any though neuer so base Plut. Claudius deflowred his owne sisters and Semiramis burned in beastly lust tovvards her sonne Ninus Nero caused Atticus a Romaine Consull to be slayne that hee might the more conueniently enioy the company of his wife Corn. Tacitus Commodus not contented with his three hundred Concubines coÌ„mitted incest vvith his owne sisters Herodian Caligula dyd the like but the one vvas slaine by his vvife the other by his Concubine Adultery was the cause of the first alteration of the Citty of Rome Eutrop. Sempronia a vvoman well learned in the Greeke and Sappho no lesse famous defended luxurie and lust by their writings Cleopatra inuited Anthony to a banquet in the prouince of Bithinia in the vvood Sesthem where at one instance of threescore young virgines fiftie and fiue were made mothers Cleophis a Queene of India saued her kingdome and subiects from destruction by a nights lodging with Alexander by whom she had a sonne called Alexander vvho was afterward King of India shee was euer after called Scortum Reginum Iustine Heliogabalus not onely deflowred but also married a virgine Vestall saying it vvas reason that Priests shoulde marry Nunnes because that in times past hee had beene Priest of the Sunne Iane Queene of Naples was hanged vp for her aduoutry in the very same place vvhere shee had hanged her husband Andreas afore because he was not as shee sayd able to satisfie her beastly desire Feron King of Egypt had beene blind 10. yeeres and in the eleuenth the Oracle told hym that he should recouer his sight if hee washed his eyes in the vvater of a vvoman vvhich neuer had to doe with any but her husband vvhereupon hee first made tryall of his owne vvife but that dyd him no good after of infinite others which did him all as little saue onely one by whom hee recouered his sight and then hee put all the rest to death Herodot Iulia the daughter of Augustus vvas so immodest shamelesse and vnchast that the Emperour was neuer able to reclaime her and vvhen shee was admonished to forsake her bad kinde of lyfe and to follow chastitie as her Father dyd shee aunswered That her Father forgotte that hee was Caesar but as for herselfe shee knew well enough that shee was Caesars daughter Cornelius Gallus and Q. Elerius tvvo Romaine Knights dyed in the very action of theyr filthy lust Plinie Arichbertus eldest sonne vnto Lotharius King of Fraunce dyed euen as hee was embracing his whores Alcibiades was burned in his bed with hys Curtezan Timandra Plut. The Egyptians punishments against adultery was to cut of the nose of the vvoman and the priuie parts of the man Alexander when a woman was brought to him one euening demaunded of her vvhy shee came so late she aunswered that shee stayed vntill her husband was gone to bed VVhich he no sooner heard but he sent her away being angry with theÌ„ that had almost made him commit adultery He was angry with Cassander because hee would by force kisse a minstrels maid Rodolphus King of Lombardie beeing taken in adultery was slaine by the vvomans husband whom he abused Roderigo King of Spayne was depriued of his kingdome life by the Sarazins who vvere called in by an Earle called Iulian that he might be auenged of the king for forcing his daughter Caelius Rhodoginus in his 11. booke of antiquities telleth of a certain man that the more he vvas beaten the more he feruently desired vvomen The vvidowe of the Emperour Sigismund intending to marry againe one perswaded her to spende the remainder of her life after the manner of the Turtle-Doue who hath but one make If you counsell mee quoth shee to followe the example of byrds why doe you not tell me of Pidgions Sparrowes which after the death of their makes doe ordinarilie couple themselues with the next they meet Hiero King of Syracusa banished the Poet Epicharmus for speaking vvantonly before his vvife and that very iustly for hys vvife vvas a true mirrour of chastitie Sulpitius Gallus put away his wife by deuorce because shee went abroad vnmasked Pompey caused one of his souldiers eyes to be put out in Spaine for thrusting his hand vnder a womans garment that was a Spanyard and for the like offence did Sertorius commaund a footeman of his band to be cut in peeces Sabellicus If Caracalla had not seene his mothers thigh he had not married her Suetonius Speusippus the Phylosopher one of Platoes followers vvas slaine for his adulterie Tertullianus Tigellinus dyed amongst his Concubines Tacitus Rodoaldus King of Lombardy was slaine with a certaine matrone euen in the action of their concupiscence Paulus Diaconus By the law of Moses adulterers were stoned with rigour which our law doth not obâ—erue for were it to bee so in these dayes wee should not finde stones enough to fulfill it A Nunne finding in her Booke at the bottome of the leafe these vvordes Bonum est omnia scire determined to try what the carnall copulation of man and woman might â—ee but turning ouer the leafe shee sawe in the beginning thereof Sed non vti vvhereâ—pon to her greefe shee altered her purpose and her ioy lasted but a while Rutilius Consull of Rome caused the temple of Lucina to bee burned because his daughter great with child made her vow and kept her 9. vigils and vpon more deuotion was desirous to bee deliuered in the temple The Persians would not shew their wiues vnto strangers Iosephus The Tarentines and the Capuans were very mortall ennemies by chaunce one one day in the campe of the